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  • How to implement explosion in OpenGL with a particle effect?

    - by Chan
    I'm relatively new to OpenGL and I'm clueless how to implement explosion. So could anyone give me some ideas how to start? Suppose the explosion occurs at location $(x, y, z)$, then I'm thinking of randomly generate a collection of vectors with $(x, y, z)$ as origin, then draw some particle (glutSolidCube) which move along this vector for some period of time, says after 1000 updates, it disappear. Is this approach feasible? A minimal example would be greatly appreciated.

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  • Can I animate render targets or the swap chain?

    - by Eric F.
    I want to animate some synthetic video bits to fullscreen w/o tearing. Can I set up D3D 9/10/11 in exclusive mode, and have it present a series of buffers that I'm writing to? I know how to copy system memory bits into a texture, then draw that texture as a fullscreen quad, but it seems like overkill. Why should I use the triangle rasterizer when I want to do something so simple? All I want to do is set up a long (4-8 buffer) swapchain and set the bits of the back buffer that is about to be displayed. Or, I want to allocate 4-8 RenderTargets, and on each frame, copy the bits from system memory to the RenderTarget, then set it as the next thing to display. I've never seen or heard about anybody doing this, but it seems so dead simple!

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  • 2D Animation Smoothness - Delta time vs. Kinematics

    - by viperld002
    I'm animating a sprite in 2D with key frames of rotation and xy-positions. I've recently had a discussion with someone saying that when the device (happens to be an iPad using cocos2D) hits a performance bump due to whatever else the user may be doing, lag will arise and that the best way to fight it is to not use actual positions, but velocities, accelerations and torques with kinematics. His message is to evaluate the positions and rotations from these speeds at the current point in time. I've never experienced a situation where I've heard of using kinematics to stem lag in 2D animations and am not sure of how effective it could be. Also, it seems to be overkill. The application is not networked so it's all running on a local device. The desired effect is that the animation always plays as closely as it can to the target frame rate. Wouldn't the technique suffer the same problems as just using the time since the last frame or a fixed time step since the kinematics would also require some time value to perform the calculation? What techniques could you suggest to best achieve the desired effect? EDIT 1 Thank you for your responses, they are very illuminating. I want to clarify my question before choosing an answer however, to make sure that this post really serves it's purpose. I have a sprite of a ball, and a text file with 3 arrays worth of information (rotation,translations x, translations y) with each unit of information existing as a key frame to be stepped through (0 to 49 and back to 0 to replay it again). I have this playing by interpolating from the current key frame to the next, every n-units of time. The animation is visibly correct when compared to a video I was given of it, and it is smooth because of the interpolations between the key frames. This is the existing state of the project. There are no physics simulated, only a static animation of a ball moving in a way an artist specifically designed. Should I, instead of rotation in degrees and translations by positions in space, derive velocities, accelerations and torques to express this static animation as a function of time? As in, position now = foo(time now), where foo uses kinematics.

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  • Enemy Spawning method in a Top-Down Shooter

    - by Chris Waters
    I'm working on a top-down shooter akin to DoDonPachi, Ikaruga, etc. The camera movement through the world is handled automatically with the player able to move inside of the camera's visible region. Along the way, enemies are scripted to spawn at particular points along the path. While this sounds straightforward, I could see two ways to define these points: Camera's position: 'trigger' spawning as the camera passes by the points Time along path: "30 seconds in, spawn 2 enemies" In both cases, the camera-relative positions would be defined as well as the behavior of the enemy. The way I see it, the way you define these points will directly affect how the 'level editor', or what have you, will work. Would there be any benefits of one approach over the other?

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  • Sanity checks vs file sizes

    - by Richard Fabian
    In your game assets do you make room for explicit sanity checks, or do you have some generally expected bounds which you assert? I've been thinking about how we compress data and thought that it's much better to have the former, and less of the latter. If your data can exceed your normal valid ranges, but if it does it's an error, then surely that implies you're not compressing the data well enough? What do you do to find out if your data is compressed as far as it can be, and what do you use to ensure your data isn't corrupted and ensure it's an official release? EDIT I'm not interested in sanity checking the file size, but instead, how you manage your sanity checks and whether you arrange the excess size caused by the opportunity to do sanity checks by using explicit extra data, or through allowing the data enough file space (data member size) to be out of valid range and thus able to be checked merely by looking at the asset in memory after loading.

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  • What causes player box/world geometry glitches in old games?

    - by Alexander
    I'm looking to understand and find the terminology for what causes - or allows - players to interfere with geometry in old games. Famously, ID's Quake3 gave birth to a whole community of people breaking the physics by jumping, sliding, getting stuck and launching themselves off points in geometry. Some months ago (though I'd be darned if I can find it again!) I saw a conference held by Bungie's Vic DeLeon and a colleague in which Vic briefly discussed the issues he ran into while attempting to wrap 'collision' objects (please correct my terminology) around environment objects so that players could appear as though they were walking on organic surfaces, while not clipping through them or appear to be walking on air at certain points, due to complexities in the modeling. My aim is to compose a case study essay for University in which I can tackle this issue in games, drawing on early exploits and how techniques have changed to address such exploits and to aid in the gameplay itself. I have 3 current day example of where exploits still exist, however specifically targeting ID Software clearly shows they've massively improved their techniques between Q3 and Q4. So in summary, with your help please, I'd like to gain a slightly better understanding of this issue as a whole (its terminology mainly) so I can use terms and ask the right questions within the right contexts. In practical application, I know what it is, I know how to do it, but I don't have the benefit of level design knowledge yet and its technical widgety knick-knack terms =) Many thanks in advance AJ

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  • Detecting walls or floors in pygame

    - by Serial
    I am trying to make bullets bounce of walls, but I can't figure out how to correctly do the collision detection. What I am currently doing is iterating through all the solid blocks and if the bullet hits the bottom, top or sides, its vector is adjusted accordingly. However, sometimes when I shoot, the bullet doesn't bounce, I think it's when I shoot at a border between two blocks. Here is the update method for my Bullet class: def update(self, dt): if self.can_bounce: #if the bullet hasnt bounced find its vector using the mousclick pos and player pos speed = -10. range = 200 distance = [self.mouse_x - self.player[0], self.mouse_y - self.player[1]] norm = math.sqrt(distance[0] ** 2 + distance[1] ** 2) direction = [distance[0] / norm, distance[1 ] / norm] bullet_vector = [direction[0] * speed, direction[1] * speed] self.dx = bullet_vector[0] self.dy = bullet_vector[1] #check each block for collision for block in self.game.solid_blocks: last = self.rect.copy() if self.rect.colliderect(block): topcheck = self.rect.top < block.rect.bottom and self.rect.top > block.rect.top bottomcheck = self.rect.bottom > block.rect.top and self.rect.bottom < block.rect.bottom rightcheck = self.rect.right > block.rect.left and self.rect.right < block.rect.right leftcheck = self.rect.left < block.rect.right and self.rect.left > block.rect.left each test tests if it hit the top bottom left or right side of the block its colliding with if self.can_bounce: if topcheck: self.rect = last self.dy *= -1 self.can_bounce = False print "top" if bottomcheck: self.rect = last self.dy *= -1 #Bottom check self.can_bounce = False print "bottom" if rightcheck: self.rect = last self.dx *= -1 #right check self.can_bounce = False print "right" if leftcheck: self.rect = last self.dx *= -1 #left check self.can_bounce = False print "left" else: # if it has already bounced and colliding again kill it self.kill() for enemy in self.game.enemies_list: if self.rect.colliderect(enemy): self.kill() #update position self.rect.x -= self.dx self.rect.y -= self.dy This definitely isn't the best way to do it but I can't think of another way. If anyone has done this or can help that would be awesome!

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  • Platform game collisions with Block

    - by Sri Harsha Chilakapati
    I am trying to create a platform game and doing wrong collision detection with the blocks. Here's my code // Variables GTimer jump = new GTimer(1000); boolean onground = true; // The update method public void update(long elapsedTime){ MapView.follow(this); // Add the gravity if (!onground && !jump.active){ setVelocityY(4); } // Jumping if (isPressed(VK_SPACE) && onground){ jump.start(); setVelocityY(-4); onground = false; } if (jump.action(elapsedTime)){ // jump expired jump.stop(); } // Horizontal movement setVelocityX(0); if (isPressed(VK_LEFT)){ setVelocityX(-4); } if (isPressed(VK_RIGHT)){ setVelocityX(4); } } // The collision method public void collision(GObject other){ if (other instanceof Block){ // Determine the horizontal distance between centers float h_dist = Math.abs((other.getX() + other.getWidth()/2) - (getX() + getWidth()/2)); // Now the vertical distance float v_dist = Math.abs((other.getY() + other.getHeight()/2) - (getY() + getHeight()/2)); // If h_dist > v_dist horizontal collision else vertical collision if (h_dist > v_dist){ // Are we moving right? if (getX()<other.getX()){ setX(other.getX()-getWidth()); } // Are we moving left? else if (getX()>other.getX()){ setX(other.getX()+other.getWidth()); } } else { // Are we moving up? if (jump.active){ jump.stop(); } // We are moving down else { setY(other.getY()-getHeight()); setVelocityY(0); onground = true; } } } } The problem is that the object jumps well but does not fall when moved out of platform. Here's an image describing the problem. I know I'm not checking underneath the object but I don't know how. The map is a list of objects and should I have to iterate over all the objects??? Thanks

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  • User generated content: a basic yet simple to use OR a complex yet powerful solution?

    - by ne5tebiu
    As stated above, which solution is better for a game based on user generated content? The simple solution (in-game editor) is great for gamers without experience in coding and etc. In this way every player could populate the game with content. But the content would be very limited. The complex solution would allow the content to be with almost no limitation but casual gamers probably couldn't make hardly any content at all. If both solutions are used, the quality behind the second solution would be more valuable than the first solution's quantity. However, making a powerful in-game editor could even take more time and manpower than the actual game and every gamer would have to learn how to use the new complex tool, understand it, and master it if he or she wants to make quality content.

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  • SFML 2.0 Too Many Variables in Class Preventing Draw To Screen

    - by Josh
    This is a very strange phenomenon to me. I have a class definition for a game, but when I add another variable to the class, the draw method does not print everything to the screen. It will be easier understood showing the code and output. Code for good draw output: class board { protected: RectangleShape rect; int top, left; int i, j; int rowSelect, columnSelect; CircleShape circleArr[4][10]; CircleShape codeArr[4]; CircleShape keyArr[4][10]; //int pegPresent[4]; public: board(void); void draw(RenderWindow& Window); int mouseOver(RenderWindow& Window); void placePeg(RenderWindow& Window, int pegSelect); }; Screen: Code for missing draw: class board { protected: RectangleShape rect; int top, left; int i, j; int rowSelect, columnSelect; CircleShape circleArr[4][10]; CircleShape codeArr[4]; CircleShape keyArr[4][10]; int pegPresent[4]; public: board(void); void draw(RenderWindow& Window); int mouseOver(RenderWindow& Window); void placePeg(RenderWindow& Window, int pegSelect); }; Screen: As you can see, all I do is un-comment the protected array and most of the pegs are gone from the right hand side. I have checked and made sure that I didn't accidentally created a variable with that name already. I haven't used it anywhere. Why does it not draw the remaining pegs as it should? My only thought is that maybe I am declaring too many variables for the class, but that doesn't really make sense to me. Any thoughts and help is greatly appreciated.

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  • Best gui toolkit to use for creating 3D board game

    - by UserInteractive
    I have created a board game using Java and Swing - using GridLayout and various other apis. It works properly but the UI looks very very simple. I would want couple of animations like tilting the GridLayoutat any angle. There are pawns on boxes of the GridLayout that I want to be animated when somebody clicks on it. I'm not sure of the right GUI toolkit to use for this. Swing repaint is possible to a limit and cannot be used for a lot of animation and graphics. And I realized after creating the game that Swing is probably not a good tool to create games. Could anybody suggest a better framework to use that I can use it in Eclipse with Java? I was thinking of JavaFX or tools like Adobe Flash or Adobe Air. Any suggestions please?

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  • How should I load level data in java?

    - by Matthew G.
    I'm setting up my engine for a certain action/arcade game to have a set of commands that would look something like this. Set landscape to grass Create rocks at ... Create player at X, Y Set goal to "Get to point X Y" Spawn enemy at X, Y I'd then have each object knowing what it has to do, and acting on its own. I've been thinking about how to store this data. External data files could be parsed by a level class, and certain objects can be spawned through that. I could also create a base level class and extend it for each level, but that'd create a large amount of classes. Another idea is to have one level parser class, but have a case for each level. This would be extremely silly and bulky, but I mention it because I found that I did this at 2 AM last night. I'm finally getting why I have to plan out my inheritances, though. RIP project. I might be completely missing another option.

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  • How do I design a game framework for fast reaction to user input?

    - by Miro
    I've played some games at cca 30 fps and some of them had low reaction time - cca 0.1sec. I hadn't knew why. Now when I'm designing my framework for crossplatform game, I know why. Probably they've been preparing new frame during rendering the previous. RENDER 1 | RENDER 2 | RENDER 3 | RENDER 4 PREPARE 2 | PREPARE 3 | PREPARE 4 | PREPARE 5 I see first frame when second frame is being rendered and third frame being prepared. If I react in that time to 1st frame it will result in forth frame. So it takes 3/FPS seconds to appear results. In 30 fps it would be 100ms, what is quite bad. So i'm wondering what should I design my framework to response to user interaction quickly?

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  • How do I prevent my platformer's character from clipping on wall tiles?

    - by Jonathan Hobbs
    Currently, I have a platformer with tiles for terrain (graphics borrowed from Cave Story). The game is written from scratch using XNA, so I'm not using an existing engine or physics engine. The tile collisions are described pretty much exactly as described in this answer (with simple SAT for rectangles and circles), and everything works fine. Except when the player runs into a wall whilst falling/jumping. In that case, they'll catch on a tile and begin thinking they've hit a floor or ceiling that isn't actually there. The player is moving right and falling downwards. So after movement, collisions are checked - and first, it turns out the player character is colliding with the tile 3rd from the floor, and pushed upwards. Second, he's found to be colliding with the tile beside him, and pushed sideways - the end result being the player character thinks he's on the ground and isn't falling, and 'catches' on the tile for as long as he's running into it. I could solve this by defining the tiles from top to bottom instead, which makes him fall smoothly, but then the inverse case happens and he'll hit a ceiling that isn't there when jumping upwards against the wall. How should I approach resolving this, so that the player character can just fall along the wall as it should?

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  • Procedural object generation and unique identification

    - by 2080
    My question relates to procedural content generation and data management of the emerging objects in a database. I assume a networked game, with a server-client model. Unspecified objects in the game world are generated while the game is running with procedural algorithms (for example perlin noise). The players (/clients) can modify the properties of these objects, but have to notify the server of these changes. How could this communication address unique objects, so that both the server and the client know of which object they are speaking? Not only the inner properties of the objects can differ, but also visible, such as the position. When the player wants to select one of these objects the game has to find out the id - does anyone know which methods or algorithms can accomplish that?

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  • Find meeting point of 2 objects in 2D, knowing (constant) speed and slope

    - by Axonn
    I have a gun which fires a projectile which has to hit an enemy. The problem is that the gun has to be automatic, i.e. - choose the angle in which it has to shoot so that the projectile hits the enemy dead in the center. It's been a looooong time since school, and my physics skills are a bit rusty, but they're there. I've been thinking to somehow apply the v = d/t formula to find the time needed for the projectile or enemy to reach a certain point. But the problem is that I can't find the common point for both the projectile and enemy. Yes, I can find a certain point for the projectile, and another for the enemy, but I would need lots of tries to find where the point coincides, which is stupid. There has to be a way to link them together but I can't figure it out. I prepared some drawings and samples: A simple version of my Flash game, dumbed down to the basics, just some shapes: http://axonnsd.org/W/P001/MathSandBox.swf - click the mouse anywhere to fire a projectile. Or, here is an image which describes my problem: So... who has any ideas about how to find x3/y3 - thus leading me to find the angle in which the weapon has to tilt in order to fire a projectile to meet the enemy? EDIT I think it would be clearer if I also mention that I know: the speed of both Enemy and Projectile and the Enemy travels on a straight vertical line.

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  • OpenGL VertexBuffer won'e render in GLFW3

    - by sm81095
    So I have started to try to learn OpenGL, and I decided to use GLFW to assist in window creation. The problem is, since GLFW3 is so new, there are no tutorials on it yet and how to use it with modern OpenGL (3.3, specifically). Using the GLFW3 tutorial found on the website, which uses older OpenGL rendering (glBegin(GL_TRIANGLES), glVertex3f()), and such, I can get a triangle to render to the screen. The problem is, using new OpenGL, I can't get the same triangle to render to the screen. I am new to OpenGL, and GLFW3 is new to most people, so I may be completely missing something obvious, but here is my code: static const GLuint g_vertex_buffer_data[] = { -1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f }; int main(void) { GLFWwindow* window; if(!glfwInit()) { fprintf(stderr, "Failed to initialize GLFW."); return -1; } glfwWindowHint(GLFW_SAMPLES, 4); glfwWindowHint(GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MAJOR, 3); glfwWindowHint(GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MINOR, 3); glfwWindowHint(GLFW_OPENGL_FORWARD_COMPAT, GL_TRUE); glfwWindowHint(GLFW_OPENGL_PROFILE, GLFW_OPENGL_CORE_PROFILE); window = glfwCreateWindow(800, 600, "Test Window", NULL, NULL); if(!window) { glfwTerminate(); fprintf(stderr, "Failed to create a GLFW window"); return -1; } glfwMakeContextCurrent(window); glewExperimental = GL_TRUE; GLenum err = glewInit(); if(err != GLEW_OK) { glfwTerminate(); fprintf(stderr, "Failed to initialize GLEW"); fprintf(stderr, (char*)glewGetErrorString(err)); return -1; } GLuint VertexArrayID; glGenVertexArrays(1, &VertexArrayID); glBindVertexArray(VertexArrayID); GLuint programID = LoadShaders("SimpleVertexShader.glsl", "SimpleFragmentShader.glsl"); GLuint vertexBuffer; glGenBuffers(1, &vertexBuffer); glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vertexBuffer); glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(g_vertex_buffer_data), g_vertex_buffer_data, GL_STATIC_DRAW); while(!glfwWindowShouldClose(window)) { glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT); glUseProgram(programID); glEnableVertexAttribArray(0); glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vertexBuffer); glVertexAttribPointer(0, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 0, (void*)0); glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, 3); glDisableVertexAttribArray(0); glfwSwapBuffers(window); glfwPollEvents(); } glDeleteBuffers(1, &vertexBuffer); glDeleteProgram(programID); glfwDestroyWindow(window); glfwTerminate(); exit(EXIT_SUCCESS); } I know it is not my shaders, they are super simple and I've checked them against GLFW 2.7 so I know that they work. I'm assuming that I've missed something crucial to using the OpenGL context with GLFW3, so any help locating the problem would be greatly appreciated.

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  • XNA model drawing problem

    - by user1990950
    When using this code: public static void DrawModel(Model model, Vector3 position, Vector3 offset, float xRotation, float yRotation, float zRotation, float allrot, float xScale, float yScale, float zScale) { position.Y *= -1; offset.Y *= -1; Matrix worldMatrix = ((Matrix.CreateRotationZ(MathHelper.ToRadians(zRotation)) * Matrix.CreateRotationX(MathHelper.ToRadians(xRotation))) * Matrix.CreateRotationY(MathHelper.ToRadians(yRotation))) * (Matrix.CreateTranslation(offset) * Matrix.CreateRotationY(MathHelper.ToRadians(allrot))) * Matrix.CreateScale(xScale, yScale, zScale); worldMatrix *= Matrix.CreateTranslation(position) * theCamera.GetTransformation() * Matrix.CreateTranslation(new Vector3(-(graphics.GraphicsDevice.Viewport.Width / 2), graphics.GraphicsDevice.Viewport.Height / 2, 0)); foreach (ModelMesh mesh in model.Meshes) { for (int i = 0; i < mesh.Effects.Count; i++) { ((BasicEffect)mesh.Effects[i]).EnableDefaultLighting(); ((BasicEffect)mesh.Effects[i]).World = worldMatrix; ((BasicEffect)mesh.Effects[i]).View = viewMatrix; ((BasicEffect)mesh.Effects[i]).Projection = projectionMatrix; } mesh.Draw(); } } The model rotates and then scales. It should scale and then rotate, but whenever I try to change it, it won't work.

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  • Event Driven Behavior Tree: deterministic traversal order with parallel

    - by Heisenbug
    I've studied several articles and listen some talks about behavior trees (mostly the resources available on AIGameDev by Alex J. Champandard). I'm particularly interested on event driven behavior trees, but I have still some doubts on how to implement them correctly using a scheduler. Just a quick recap: Standard Behavior Tree Each execution tick the tree is traversed from the root in depth-first order The execution order is implicitly expressed by the tree structure. So in the case of behaviors parented to a parallel node, even if both children are executed during the same traversing, the first leaf is always evaluated first. Event Driven BT During the first traversal the nodes (tasks) are enqueued using a scheduler which is responsible for updating only running ones every update The first traversal implicitly produce a depth-first ordered queue in the scheduler Non leaf nodes stays suspended mostly of the time. When a leaf node terminate(either with success or fail status) the parent (observer) is waked up allowing the tree traversing to continue and new tasks will be enqueued in the scheduler Without parallel nodes in the tree there will be up to 1 task running in the scheduler Without parallel nodes, the tasks in the queue(excluding dynamic priority implementation) will be always ordered in a depth-first order (is this right?) Now, from what is my understanding of a possible implementation, there are 2 requirements I think must be respected(I'm not sure though): Now, some requirements I think needs to be guaranteed by a correct implementation are: The result of the traversing should be independent from which implementation strategy is used. The traversing result must be deterministic. I'm struggling trying to guarantee both in the case of parallel nodes. Here's an example: Parallel_1 -->Sequence_1 ---->leaf_A ---->leaf_B -->leaf_C Considering a FIFO policy of the scheduler, before leaf_A node terminates the tasks in the scheduler are: P1(suspended),S1(suspended),leaf_A(running),leaf_C(running) When leaf_A terminate leaf_B will be scheduled (at the end of the queue), so the queue will become: P1(suspended),S1(suspended),leaf_C(running),leaf_B(running) In this case leaf_B will be executed after leaf_C at every update, meanwhile with a non event-driven traversing from the root node, the leaf_B will always be evaluated before leaf_A. So I have a couple of question: do I have understand correctly how event driven BT work? How can I guarantee the depth first order is respected with such an implementation? is this a common issue or am I missing something?

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  • Unity 3D - Error BCE0019 , " 'paused' is not a member of PauseScript"

    - by user3666251
    I am trying to make a game for Android in Unity. Came to the part where I have to make a pause menu option. Made a GUITexture and placed it on the top right side of the screen then I attached this script to it : #pragma strict function OnMouseDown(){ this.paused = !this.paused; } function OnGUI(){ if(this.paused){ if (GUI.Button(Rect(10,10,100,50),"Restart")){ Application.LoadLevel(Application.loadedLevel); } // Insert the rest of the pause menu logic } } It gives me this error : "Assets/Scripts/PauseScript.js(4,10): BCE0019: 'paused' is not a member of 'PauseScript'. " "PauseScript" is the name of my pause script. Thank you.

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  • How to create a copy of an instance without having access to private variables

    - by Jamie
    Im having a bit of a problem. Let me show you the code first: public class Direction { private CircularList xSpeed, zSpeed; private int[] dirSquare = {-1, 0, 1, 0}; public Direction(int xSpeed, int zSpeed){ this.xSpeed = new CircularList(dirSquare, xSpeed); this.zSpeed = new CircularList(dirSquare, zSpeed); } public Direction(Point dirs){ this(dirs.x, dirs.y); } public void shiftLeft(){ xSpeed.shiftLeft(); zSpeed.shiftRight(); } public void shiftRight(){ xSpeed.shiftRight(); zSpeed.shiftLeft(); } public int getXSpeed(){ return this.xSpeed.currentValue(); } public int getZSpeed(){ return this.zSpeed.currentValue(); } } Now lets say i have an instance of Direction: Direction dir = new Direction(0, 0); As you can see in the code of Direction, the arguments fed to the constructor, are passed directly to some other class. One cannot be sure if they stay the same because methods shiftRight() and shiftLeft could have been called, which changes thos numbers. My question is, how do i create a completely new instance of Direction, that is basically copy(not by reference) of dir? The only way i see it, is to create public methods in both CircularList(i can post the code of this class, but its not relevant) and Direction that return the variables needed to create a copy of the instance, but this solution seems really dirty since those numbers are not supposed to be touched after beeing fed to the constructor, and therefore they are private.

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  • Implementing a wheeled character controller

    - by Lazlo
    I'm trying to implement Boxycraft's character controller in XNA (with Farseer), as Bryan Dysmas did (minus the jumping part, yet). My current implementation seems to sometimes glitch in between two parallel planes, and fails to climb 45 degree slopes. (YouTube videos in links, plane glitch is subtle). How can I fix it? From the textual description, I seem to be doing it right. Here is my implementation (it seems like a huge wall of text, but it's easy to read. I wish I could simplify and isolate the problem more, but I can't): public Body TorsoBody { get; private set; } public PolygonShape TorsoShape { get; private set; } public Body LegsBody { get; private set; } public Shape LegsShape { get; private set; } public RevoluteJoint Hips { get; private set; } public FixedAngleJoint FixedAngleJoint { get; private set; } public AngleJoint AngleJoint { get; private set; } ... this.TorsoBody = BodyFactory.CreateRectangle(this.World, 1, 1.5f, 1); this.TorsoShape = new PolygonShape(1); this.TorsoShape.SetAsBox(0.5f, 0.75f); this.TorsoBody.CreateFixture(this.TorsoShape); this.TorsoBody.IsStatic = false; this.LegsBody = BodyFactory.CreateCircle(this.World, 0.5f, 1); this.LegsShape = new CircleShape(0.5f, 1); this.LegsBody.CreateFixture(this.LegsShape); this.LegsBody.Position -= 0.75f * Vector2.UnitY; this.LegsBody.IsStatic = false; this.Hips = JointFactory.CreateRevoluteJoint(this.TorsoBody, this.LegsBody, Vector2.Zero); this.Hips.MotorEnabled = true; this.AngleJoint = new AngleJoint(this.TorsoBody, this.LegsBody); this.FixedAngleJoint = new FixedAngleJoint(this.TorsoBody); this.Hips.MaxMotorTorque = float.PositiveInfinity; this.World.AddJoint(this.Hips); this.World.AddJoint(this.AngleJoint); this.World.AddJoint(this.FixedAngleJoint); ... public void Move(float m) // -1, 0, +1 { this.Hips.MotorSpeed = 0.5f * m; }

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  • Generating triangles from a square grid

    - by vivi
    I have a 2D square grid of values representing terrain elevations, and I want to generate triangles from that grid to make a 3D view of the terrain. My first thought was to split each square diagonally into 2 triangles, however the split diagonal can clearly be seen, especially from the top : [Sorry, as a new user I can't post images, please see here : imgur] Is there a recommended way to generate triangles to remove/reduce this effect ?

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  • Problem animating in Unity/Orthello 2D. Can't move gameObject

    - by Nelson Gregório
    I have a enemy npc that moves left and right in a corridor. It's animated with 2 sprites using Orthello 2D Framework. If I untick the animation's play on start and looping, the npc moves correctly. If I turn it on, the npc tries to move but is pulled back to his starting position again and again because of the animation loop. If I turn looping off during runtime, the npc moves correctly again. What did I do wrong? Here's the npc code if needed. using UnityEngine; using System.Collections; public class Enemies : MonoBehaviour { private Vector2 movement; public float moveSpeed = 200; public bool started = true; public bool blockedRight = false; public bool blockedLeft = false; public GameObject BorderL; public GameObject BorderR; void Update () { if (gameObject.transform.position.x < BorderL.transform.position.x) { started = false; blockedRight = false; blockedLeft = true; } if (gameObject.transform.position.x > BorderR.transform.position.x) { started = false; blockedLeft = false; blockedRight = true; } if(started) { movement = new Vector2(1, 0f); movement *= Time.deltaTime*moveSpeed; gameObject.transform.Translate(movement.x,movement.y, 0f); } if(!blockedRight && !started && blockedLeft) { movement = new Vector2(1, 0f); movement *= Time.deltaTime*moveSpeed; gameObject.transform.Translate(movement.x,movement.y, 0f); } if(!blockedLeft && !started && blockedRight) { movement = new Vector2(-1, 0f); movement *= Time.deltaTime*moveSpeed; gameObject.transform.Translate(movement.x,movement.y, 0f); } } }

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  • What is the best way to implement collision detection using Bullet physics engine and a track generated from a curve?

    - by tigrou
    I am developing a small racing game were the track is generated from a curve. As said above, the track is generated, but not infinite. The track of one level could fit with no problem in memory and will contain a reasonably small amount of triangles. For collisions, I would like to use Bullet physics engine and know what is the best way to handle collisions with the track efficiently. NOTE : The track will be stored as a static rigid body (mass = 0). The player will be represented by a sphere shape for collisions. Here is some possibilities i have in mind : Create one rigid body, then, put all triangles of the track (except non collidable stuff) into it. Result : 1 body with many triangles (eg : 30000 triangles) Split the track into several sections (eg: 10 sections). Then, for each section, create a rigid body and put corresponding triangles in it. Result : small amount of bodies with relatively small amount of triangles (eg : 1500 triangles per section). Split the track into many sub-sections (eg : 1200 sections). Here one subsection = very small step when generating the curve. Again for each sub-section, create a body and put triangles in it. Result : many bodies with very small amount of triangles (eg : 20 triangles). Advantage : it could be possible to "extra data" to each of the subsection, that could be used when handling collisions. Same as 2, but only put sections N and N+1 in physics engine (where N = current section where the player is). When player reach section N+1, unload section N and load section N+2 and so on... Issue : harder to implement, problems if the player suddenly "jump" from one section to another (eg : player fly away from section N, and fall on section N + 4 that was underneath : no collision handled, player will fall into void ) Same as 4, but with many sub-sections. Issues : since subsections are very small there will be constantly new bodies added and removed to physics engine at runtime. Possibilities for player to accidently skip some sections and fall into the void are higher than 4.

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