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• What exactly is a Monad?

  - by WeNeedAnswers

  Can someone please explain to me what a Monad is. I think I grasp Monoids and I grasp that they basically control the input of state into a system. I just look at the text in Haskell and glaze over. A simple example in python would be great. My current understanding is that a Monoid is a procedural piece of code that needs to be read from top to bottom in sequence with the output being the input for the function. I think that I may even got that wrong, but hey I am here to learn.

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• Problem with asm program (nasm)

  - by GLeBaTi

  org 0x100 SEGMENT .CODE mov ah,0x9 mov dx, Msg1 int 0x21 ;string input mov ah,0xA mov dx,buff int 0x21 mov ax,0 mov al,[buff+1]; length ;string UPPERCASE mov cl, al mov si, buff cld loop1: lodsb; cmp al, 'a' jnb upper loop loop1 ;output mov ah,0x9 mov dx, buff int 0x21 exit: mov ah, 0x8 int 0x21 int 0x20 upper: sub al,32 jmp loop1 SEGMENT .DATA Msg1 db 'Press string: $' buff db 254,0 this code perform poorly. I think that problem in "jnb upper". This program make small symbols into big symbols.

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• How to convert a DOM node list to an array in Javascript?

  - by Guss

  I have a Javascript function that accepts a list of HTML nodes, but it expects a Javascript array (it runs some Array methods on that) and I want to feed it the output of Document.getElementsByTagName that returns a DOM node list. Initially I thought of using something simple like: Array.prototype.slice.call(list,0) And that works fine in all browsers, except of course Internet Explorer which returns the error "JScript object expected", as apparently the DOM node list returned by Document.getElement* methods is not a JScript object enough to be the target of a function call. Caveats: I don't mind writing Internet Explorer specific code, but I'm not allowed to use any Javascript libraries such as JQuery because I'm writing a widget to be embedded into 3rd party web site, and I cannot load external libraries that will create conflict for the clients. My last ditch effort is to iterate over the DOM node list and create an array myself, but is there a nicer way to do that?

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• Converting the value from string to integer in a nested dictionary

  - by tom smith

  I want to change the numbers in my dictionary to int values for use later in my program. So far I have import time import math x = 400 y = 300 def read_next_object(file): obj = {} for line in file: if not line.strip(): continue line = line.strip() key, val = line.split(": ") if key in obj and key == "Object": yield obj obj = {} obj[key] = val yield obj planets = {} with open( "smallsolar.txt", 'r') as f: for obj in read_next_object(f): planets[obj["Object"]] = obj print(planets) scale=250/int(max([planets[x]["Orbital Radius"] for x in planets if "Orbital Radius" in planets[x]])) print(scale) and the output is {'Sun': {'Object': 'Sun', 'Satellites': 'Mercury,Venus,Earth,Mars,Jupiter,Saturn,Uranus,Neptune,Ceres,Pluto,Haumea,Makemake,Eris', 'Orbital Radius': '0', 'RootObject': 'Sun', 'Radius': '20890260'}, 'Moon': {'Object': 'Moon', 'Orbital Radius': '18128500', 'Period': '27.321582', 'Radius': '1737000.10'}, 'Earth': {'Object': 'Earth', 'Satellites': 'Moon', 'Orbital Radius': '77098290', 'Period': '365.256363004', 'Radius': '6371000.0'}} 3.2426140709476178e-06 I want to be able to convert the numbers in the dict to ints for further use. Any help in greatly appreciated.

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• How does one pre-populate a Python Formish form?

  - by Jace

  How does one pre-populate a Formish form? The obvious method as per the documentation doesn't seem right. Using one of the provided examples: import formish, schemaish structure = schemaish.Structure() structure.add( 'a', schemaish.String() ) structure.add( 'b', schemaish.Integer() ) schema = schemaish.Structure() schema.add( 'myStruct', structure ) form = formish.Form(schema, 'form') If we pass this a valid request object: form.validate(request) The output is a structure like this: {'myStruct': {'a': 'value', 'b': 0 }} However, pre-populating the form using defaults requires this: form.defaults = {'myStruct.a': 'value', 'myStruct.b': 0} The dottedish package has a DottedDict object that can convert a nested dict to a dotted dict, but this asymmetry doesn't seem right. Is there a better way to do this?

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• OJB / Oracle XE sql debug-display problem

  - by Jay

  Hello, I have a Java application, and use OJB as my ORM technology. I have an Oracle XE installation locally to develop against. The problem is when I need to debug a problem, I like looking at the SQL output. Here is an example of SQL I can view through the "Top SQL" interface in Oracle XE: select a_bunch_of_fields from KREW_DOC_TYP_T A0 WHERE ((UPPER(A0.DOC_TYP_NM) LIKE :1) AND A0.ACTV_IND = :2) AND A0.CUR_IND = :3 The problem is I would like to see the real value instead of ":1". I can't seem to find how I can configure this. I know the real values are working, because the application is responding as expected, for the most part (hence the bugs I am working on). Thanks, Jay

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• Statement hierarchy in programming languages

  - by sudo

  I quickly wrote an interpreter for some sort of experimental programing language i came up with, in PHP (yes, in PHP). The language itself doesn't have anything really special, I just wanted to give it a try. I got the basic things working (Hello World, input to output, string manipulation, arithmetics) but I'm getting stuck with the management of blocks and grouped statements. What I mean is: PHP and most other languages let you do this: ((2+2)*(8+2)+2), of course not only with mathematical computations. My program structure currently consists of a multidimensional array built like this: ID => Type (Identifier, String, Int, Newline, EOF, Comma, ...) Contents (If identifier, int or string) How could I allow statements to be executed in a defined order like in the PHP example above?

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• bash: hwo to know NUM option in grep -A -B "on the fly" ?

  - by Michael Mao

  Hello everyone: I am trying to analyze my agent results from a collection of 20 txt files here. If you wonder about the background info, please go see my page, what I am doing here is just one step. Basically I would like to take only my agent's result out of the messy context, so I've got this command for a single file: cat run15.txt | grep -A 50 -E '^Agent Name: agent10479475' | grep -B 50 '^==' This means : after the regex match, continue forward by 50 lines, stop, then match a line separator starts with "==", go back by 50 lines, if possible (This would certainly clash the very first line). This approach depends on the fact that the hard-coded line number counter 50, would be just fine to get exactly one line separator. And this would not work if I do the following code: cat run*.txt | grep -A 50 -E '^Agent Name: agent10479475' | grep -B 50 '^==' The output would be a mess... My question is: how to make sure grep knows exactly when to stop going forward, and when to stop getting backward? Any suggestion or hint is much appreciated.

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• documenting black-box test cases

  - by Blux

  Hi everyone, I want to write an initial (black box) test cases for one of my university projects. I haven't started coding yet, I'm still in completing the SRS document and i should specify the test cases i'm going to implement after the coding. The project is web based, and i should follow this template in each test case: +++++ Test case ID: Author: Initial state: Preconditions: Use Case: Test input: Expected output: ++++++ The thing is, i don't know what is the difference between "initial state" and "preconditions". In some of the test cases it's hard to differentiate between them. Like in "Edit Page" what should be the initial state and what should be the preconditions? any help will appreciated.=)

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• sampling integers uniformly efficiently in python using numpy/scipy

  - by user248237

  I have a problem where depending on the result of a random coin flip, I have to sample a random starting position from a string. If the sampling of this random position is uniform over the string, I thought of two approaches to do it: one using multinomial from numpy.random, the other using the simple randint function of Python standard lib. I tested this as follows: from numpy import * from numpy.random import multinomial from random import randint import time def use_multinomial(length, num_points): probs = ones(length)/float(length) for n in range(num_points): result = multinomial(1, probs) def use_rand(length, num_points): for n in range(num_points): rand(1, length) def main(): length = 1700 num_points = 50000 t1 = time.time() use_multinomial(length, num_points) t2 = time.time() print "Multinomial took: %s seconds" %(t2 - t1) t1 = time.time() use_rand(length, num_points) t2 = time.time() print "Rand took: %s seconds" %(t2 - t1) if __name__ == '__main__': main() The output is: Multinomial took: 6.58072400093 seconds Rand took: 2.35189199448 seconds it seems like randint is faster, but it still seems very slow to me. Is there a vectorized way to get this to be much faster, using numpy or scipy? thanks.

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• shell script problem: does not work on the terminal, but works in a script

  - by jrharshath

  Hi, I was playing with shell scripting, when a strange thing happened. I need someone to explain it. I have a file 'infile', contents: line one line2 third line last a test script test.sh, contents: read var1 echo $var1 i executed: cat infile | ./test.sh output was line one Then I did: cat infile | read var1 echo $var1 Result: a blank line. I even tried cat infile | read var1; echo $var1; same result. why does this happen?

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• How to manipulate a gridview in asp.net when the columns in the gridview are generated during runtim

  - by Nandini

  Hi guys, In my application,i have a gridview in which columns are created at runtime.Actually these columns are created when i am entering data in a database table. My gridview is like this:- Description | Column1 | Column2 | Column3 | ...... |....... |......... Input volt | 55 | 56 | 553 |........ Output volt | 656 | 45 | 67 | where Column1,Column2,column3 may vary during runtime.i need to enter values to these columns during runtime.But i cant bind these columns because these are created during runtime. The first column "Description" will not change.It will remain constant.For each description,there will be values for each column.At last these data will be saved to the database.How to add columns in the gridview during runtime?

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• PHP: How to access array values returned by a static function?

  - by Prashant

  I am running following code, getAccount() is a static function, $ac_info = AccountClass::getAccount($ac_code); print_r($ac_info); and getting following output AccountClass Object ( [account_code] => [email protected] [username] => XYZ [email] => [first_name] => [last_name] => [company_name] => [id] => [email protected] [balance_in_cents] => 0 [created_at] => 1271333048 [state] => active ) But I want to access the value of "account_code" shown above, how to access it, and AccountClass Object what is this, this is array or what? I am not getting it properly. Please explain what is AccountClass Object and how to access value of properties account_code, first_name inside this array. Thanks

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• regular expression search and replace

  - by Thoman

  Hello This is some code <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> but I want replace <br /> of 4 with <hr /> And this output <br /> <br /> <br /> <hr /> <br /> <br /> Please help me

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• Validating a Postscript without trying to print it?

  - by Epaga

  Saving data to Postscript in my app results in a Postscript file which I can view without issues in GhostView, but when I try to print it, the printer isn't able to print it because it seems to be invalid. Is there a way to validate / find errors in Postscript files without actually sending it to a printer? Preferred would be some kind of Java API/library, but a program which does the same would be fine as well. Edit #1 : no I don't know why it's invalid, nor even necessarily if it's invalid, but would like to be able to validate it outside of ghostview, or figure out what's going on when it can't print. Answer : Well using the ps2ps trick I was able to see the output that Postscript does and there check the difference. The difference was that I am not allowed to have a decimal number for the width or height of images in the Postscript, but rather only integers. So I still didn't find a way to validate, but this way was good enough for my problem. Thanks.

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• How to execute an Ant task only when source files have been modified?

  - by hughalexb

  There must be an easy way to do this. I build a Flex app using ant that depends on a SWC library, which works fine except that it rebuilds the library whether it needs to or not. How do I tell ant to only run the task if any of the sources files of the library (*.as, *.mxml) are newer than the SWC? I've looked at <dependset but it only seems to delete files, not determine whether a task should be run or not. <depend seems to expect a one-to-one relationship between the source and target files rather than a one-to-many relationship -- I have many input files and one output file, but no intermediate object files. Thanks a lot, Alex

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• How do I inhibit "note C6311" in Microsoft C compiler?

  - by piCookie

  In this maximally clipped source example, the manifest constant FOOBAR is being redefined. This is deliberate, and there is extra code in the live case to make use of each definition. The pragma was added to get rid of a warning message, but then a note appeared, and I don't seem to find a way to get rid of the note. I've been able to modify this particular source to #undef between the #define, but I would like to know if there's a way to inhibit the note without requiring #undef, since there are multiple constants being handled the same way. #pragma warning( disable : 4005 ) // 'identifier' : macro redefinition #define FOOBAR FOO #define FOOBAR BAR The compiler banner and output are as follows Microsoft (R) 32-bit C/C++ Optimizing Compiler Version 12.00.8804 for 80x86 Copyright (C) Microsoft Corp 1984-1998. All rights reserved. message.c message.c(3) : note C6311: message.c(2) : see previous definition of 'FOOBAR'

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• ASCII in Windows XP and Ubuntu Linux

  - by Mikey D

  I've made a program in MVSC++ which outputs memory contents (in ASCII). The ASCII I see in windows console seem to match what I see in various ASCII tables (smiley, diamond, club, right arrow etc). This program needs to compile under Linux (which is does), but the ASCII output looks completely different. A few symbols are the same but the rest are so different. Is there any way to change how terminal displays ASCII code? EDIT: The program executes correctly, it's just the ASCII that is being displayed differently.

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• From string to hex MD5 hash and back

  - by Pablo Fernandez

  I have this pseudo-code in java: bytes[] hash = MD5.hash("example"); String hexString = toHexString(hash); //This returns something like a0394dbe93f bytes[] hexBytes = hexString.getBytes("UTF-8"); Now, hexBytes[] and hash[] are different. I know I'm doing something wrong since hash.length() is 16 and hexBytes.length() is 32. Maybe it has something to do with java using Unicode for chars (just a wild guess here). Anyways, the question would be: how to get the original hash[] array from the hexString. The whole code is here if you want to look at it (it's ~ 40 LOC) http://gist.github.com/434466 The output of that code is: 16 [-24, 32, -69, 74, -70, 90, -41, 76, 90, 111, -15, -84, -95, 102, 65, -10] 32 [101, 56, 50, 48, 98, 98, 52, 97, 98, 97, 53, 97, 100, 55, 52, 99, 53, 97, 54, 102, 102, 49, 97, 99, 97, 49, 54, 54, 52, 49, 102, 54] Thanks a lot!

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• Configuring a library to be included with C++ test

  - by vrish88

  Hello, I would like to utilize the UnitTest++ library in a testing file. However, I am having some difficulty getting the library to be included at compile time. So here is my current directory structure: tests/ UnitTests++/ libUnitTest++.a src/ UnitTests++.h unit/ test.cpp I have just used the UnitTest++ getting started guide to just get the library setup. Here is test.cpp: // test.cpp #include <UnitTest++.h> TEST(FailSpectacularly) { CHECK(false); } int main() { return UnitTest::RunAllTests(); } And I am currently trying to compile with: gcc -lUnitTest++ -L../UnitTest++/ -I../UnitTest++/src/ test.cpp I am currently getting a bunch output with ld: symbol(s) not found at the end. So how would I be able to get the UnitTest++ library properly included when this program is compiled? I am on a Mac and I'd also like for there to be an easy way for people on a Linux machine to run these same tests. Whew, I hope this provides enough information, if not please let me know.

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• Programmatically change .net configuration at runtime?

  - by fretje

  Is there a way to programmatically enable diagnostic tracing for a WSE web service client? This is how it should be configured using an app.config file: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <configuration> <configSections> <section name="microsoft.web.services3" type="Microsoft.Web.Services3.Configuration.WebServicesConfiguration, Microsoft.Web.Services3, Version=3.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35" /> </configSections> <microsoft.web.services3> <diagnostics> <trace enabled="true" input="InputTrace.webinfo" output="OutputTrace.webinfo" /> </diagnostics> </microsoft.web.services3> </configuration> I would like to do this from code. Is this possible?

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• What's the environment variable for the path to the desktop?

  - by Scott Langham

  I'm writing a Windows batch file and want to copy something to the desktop. I think I can use this: %UserProfile%\Desktop\ However, I'm thinking, that's probably only going to work on an English OS. Is there a way I can do this in a batch file that will work on any internationalized version? UPDATE I tried the following batch file: REG QUERY "HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\User Shell Folders" /v Desktop FOR /F "usebackq tokens=3 skip=4" %%i in (`REG QUERY "HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\User Shell Folders" /v Desktop`) DO SET DESKTOPDIR=%%i FOR /F "usebackq delims=" %%i in (`ECHO %DESKTOPDIR%`) DO SET DESKTOPDIR=%%i ECHO %DESKTOPDIR% And got this output: S:\REG QUERY "HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\User Shell Folders" /v Desktop HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\User Shell Folders Desktop REG_EXPAND_SZ %USERPROFILE%\Desktop S:\FOR /F "usebackq tokens=3 skip=4" %i in (`REG QUERY "HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\User Shell Folder s" /v Desktop`) DO SET DESKTOPDIR=%i S:\FOR /F "usebackq delims=" %i in (`ECHO ECHO is on.`) DO SET DESKTOPDIR=%i S:\SET DESKTOPDIR=ECHO is on. S:\ECHO ECHO is on. ECHO is on.

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• PHP - While loop

  - by Karl Entwistle

  print "<ul>"; foreach ($arr as $value) { echo("<li>" . $value[storeid] . " " . ($value[dvdstock] + $value[vhsstock]) . "</li>"); } print "</ul>"; Will output •2 20 •2 10 •1 20 •1 20 •1 10 I was wondering how I would adapt this loop so it outputs the total values for each &value[storeid] •1 50 •2 30 Thanks very much :)

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• Preserving original StackTrace/LineNumbers in .NET Exceptions

  - by Sam

  Understanding the difference between throw ex and throw, why is the original StackTrace preserved in this example: static void Main(string[] args) { try { LongFaultyMethod(); } catch (System.Exception ex) { Console.WriteLine(ex.StackTrace); } } static void LongFaultyMethod() { try { int x = 20; SomethingThatThrowsException(x); } catch (Exception) { throw; } } static void SomethingThatThrowsException(int x) { int y = x / (x - x); } But not in this one: static void Main(string[] args) { try { LongFaultyMethod(); } catch (System.Exception ex) { Console.WriteLine(ex.StackTrace); } } static void LongFaultyMethod() { try { int x = 20; int y = x / (x - 20); } catch (Exception) { throw; } } The second scenario is producing the same output as throw ex would? In both cases, one expects to see the line number where y is initialized.

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• retrieve contact's nickname

  - by TomTasche

  Hello, I want to get the nickname of a contact from addressbook. I start with his phone number, query it and want the nickname (aka alias) as a result. Cursor cur = context.getContentResolver().query(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.CONTENT_URI, null, ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.NUMBER + " = " + incomingNumber, null, null); if (cur.moveToFirst()) { Log.e("saymyname", cur.getString(cur.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Nickname.NAME))); Log.e("saymyname", cur.getString(cur.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Nickname.LABEL))); } Output of the logs is the incomingNumber (first Log.e() ) and null (second Log.e() ), but I want to get the contact's nickname! Thanks Tom

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