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  • Player & Level class structure in 2D python console game?

    - by Markus Meskanen
    I'm trying to create a 2D console game, where I have a player who can freely move around in a level (~map, but map is a reserved keyword) and interfere with other objects. Levels construct out of multiple Blocks, such as player(s), rocks, etc. Here's the Block class: class Block(object): def __init__(self, x=0, y=0, char=' ', solid=False): self.x = x self.y = y self.char = char self.solid = solid As you see, each block has a position (x, y) and a character to represent the block when it's printed. Each block also has a solid attribute, defining whether it can overlap with other solids or not. (Two solid blocks cannot overlap) I've now created few subclasses from Block (Rock might be useless for now) class Rock(Block): def __init__(self, x=0, y=0): super(Rock, self).__init__(x, y, 'x', True) class Player(Block): def __init__(self, x=0, y=0): super(Player, self).__init__(x, y, 'i', True) def move_left(self, x=1): ... # How do I make sure Player wont overlap with rocks? self.x -= x And here's the Level class: class Level(object): def __init__(self, name='', blocks=None): self.name = name self.blocks = blocks or [] Only way I can think of is to store a Player instance into Level's attributes (self.player=Player(), or so) and then give Level a method: def player_move_left(self): for block in self.blocks: if block.x == self.player.x - 1 and block.solid: return False But this doesn't really make any sense, why have a Player class if it can't even be moved without Level? Imo. player should be moved by a method inside Player. Am I wrong at something here, if not, how could I implement such behavior?

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  • keyPressed is not working after adding ActionListener to JButton

    - by Yehonatan
    I have a serious problem while trying to build a menu for my game. I've added two JButton to a main JPanel and added an ActionListener for each of them. The main JPanel also contains the game JPanel which have the keyPressed method inside keyController. That's how it looks - Main -       JPanel -         JButton, JButton,         JPanel which contains the game and keyPressed function inside KeyController class which worked fine before I added the ActionListener for JButton. For some reason after I added an ActionListener for each of the button, the game JPanel is not getting any keyPreseed events nor KeyRealesed. Does anyone know the solution for my situation? Thank you very much! Main window - Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in); JFrame f = new JFrame("Square V.S Circles"); f.setUndecorated(true); f.setResizable(false); f.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE); f.add(new JPanelHandler()); f.pack(); f.setVisible(true); f.setLocationRelativeTo(null); JPanelHandler(main JPanel) - super.setFocusable(true); JButton mybutton = new JButton("Quit"); JButton sayhi = new JButton("Say hi"); sayhi.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { @Override public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { System.out.println("Hi"); } }); mybutton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { @Override public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { System.exit(0); } }); add(mybutton); add(sayhi); add(new Board(2)); Board KeyController(The code inside is working so it's unnecessary to put it here) - private class KeyController extends KeyAdapter { public KeyController() { ..Code } @Override public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) { ...Code } @Override public void keyReleased(KeyEvent e){ ...Code } }

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  • Efficient path-finding in free space

    - by DeadMG
    I've got a game situated in space, and I'd like to issue movement orders, which requires pathfinding. Now, it's my understanding that A* and such mostly apply to trees, and not empty space which does not have pathfinding nodes. I have some obstacles, which are currently expressed as fixed AABBs- that is, there is no unbounded "terrain" obstacle. In addition, I expect most obstacles to be reasonably approximable as cubes or spheres. So I've been thinking of applying a much simpler pathfinding algorithm- that is, simply cast a ray from the current position to the target position, and then I can get a list of obstacles using spatial partitioning relatively quickly. What I'm not so sure about is how to determine the part where the ordered unit manoeuvres around the obstacles. What I've been thinking so far is that I will simply use potential fields- that is, all units will feel a strong repulsive force away from each other and a moderate force towards the desired point. This also has the advantage that to issue group orders, I can simply order a mid-level force towards another entity. But this obviously won't achieve the optimal solution. Will potential fields achieve a reasonable approximation given my parameters, or do I need another solution?

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  • How to play many sounds at once in OpenAL

    - by Krom Stern
    I'm developing an RTS game and I would like to add sounds to it. My choice has landed on OpenAL. I have plenty of units which from time to time make sounds: fSound.Play(sfx_shoot, location). Sounds often repeat, e.g. when squad of archers shoots arrows, but they are not synced with each other. My questions are: What is the common design pattern to play multiple sounds in OpenAL, when some of them are duplicate? What are the hardware limitations on sounds count and tricks to overcome them?

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  • Cocos2D: Upgrading from OpenGL 1.1 to 2.0

    - by Alex
    I have recently starting upgrading my ios game to the latest Cocos2D (2.0 rc), and I am having some difficulties upgrading my texture generation code to OpenGL 2.0. In the old version I generated images with this code: CCRenderTexture *rt = [CCRenderTexture renderTextureWithWidth:WIDTH height:HEIGHT]; [rt beginWithClear:bgColor.r g:bgColor.g b:bgColor.b a:bgColor.a]; glDisable(GL_TEXTURE_2D); glDisableClientState(GL_TEXTURE_COORD_ARRAY); glVertexPointer(2, GL_FLOAT, 0, verts); glColorPointer(4, GL_FLOAT, 0, colors); glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP, 0, (GLsizei)nVerts); glEnableClientState(GL_TEXTURE_COORD_ARRAY); glEnable(GL_TEXTURE_2D); [rt end]; But since OpenGL 2.0 works differently this code won't work. What is the best way to use the new OpenGL?

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  • Free vs. Paid: Picking a Financial Model

    - by ashes999
    I finally embarked upon my first "paid" game. What this means is that I will incorporate some sort of monetization strategy in my game. This may mean making the app pay-to-download, making it "freemium" with paid content, or something else. Having never done something like this, I'm at a complete loss as to how to figure out what I should do. I know a couple of models (pay to download, freemium, etc.) and I can brainstorm some ideas. But how do I figure out what strategy to use? Perhaps there's some body of research on this? (I recall reading that MMOs popular in Korea use a model where cosmetic changes only are pay-to-buy; everything else is free).

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  • Unity: Assigning String value in inspector

    - by Marc Pilgaard
    I got an issue with Unity I can't seem to comprehend, and it is possibly very simple: I am trying to write a simple piece of code in JavaScript where a button toggles the activation of a shield, by dragging a prefab with Resources.load("ActivateShieldPreFab") and destroying it again (Haven't implemented that yet). I wish to assign this button through the inspector, so I have created a string variable which appears as intended in the inspector. Though it doesn't seem to register the inspector input, even though I changed the value through the inspector. It only provides the error: "Input Key named: is unknown" When the button name is assigned within the code, there is no issues. Code as follows: var ShieldOn = false; var stringbutton : String; function Start(){ } function Update () { if(Input.GetKey(stringbutton) && ShieldOn != true) { Instantiate(Resources.load("ActivateShieldPreFab"), Vector3 (0, 0, 0), Quaternion.identity); ShieldOn = true; } } Hope somebody can help, in advance... Thanks

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  • Problem with alleg42.dll / program crashes / Allegro & Codeblocks

    - by user24152
    I'm having a serious problem with allegro. The program should display random pixels on the screen and when I build and run it I get the following error message: Below is the full code of my program: #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <time.h> #include "allegro.h" #define Text_Color_Red makecol(255,0,0) int main() { int ret; int color_depth = 32; int x; int y; int red; int green; int blue; int color; //init allegro allegro_init(); //install keyboard install_keyboard(); //set color depth to 32 bits set_color_depth(color_depth); //init random seed srand(time(NULL)); //init video mode to 640 x 480 ret = set_gfx_mode(GFX_AUTODETECT_WINDOWED,640,480,0,0); if(ret !=0) { allegro_message(allegro_error); return 1; } //Display string textprintf(screen,font,0,0,10,0,Text_Color_Red,"Screen Resolution is: %dx%d -- Press ESC to quit !",SCREEN_W,SCREEN_H); //display pixels until ESC key is pressed //wait for keypress while(!key[KEY_ESC]) { //set a random location x = 10 + rand() % (SCREEN_W-20); y = 10 + rand() % (SCREEN_H-20); //set a random color red = rand() % 255; green = rand() % 255; blue = rand() % 255; color = makecol(red,green,blue); //draw the pixel putpixel(screen, x, y, color); } //quit allegro allegro_exit(); } END_OF_MAIN() Error message: AllegroPixels1.exe has encountered a problem and needs to close. We are sorry for the inconvenience. Error signature: AppName: allegropixels1.exe AppVer: 0.0.0.0 ModName: alleg42.dll ModVer: 4.2.3.0 Offset: 0006c05c I am using Windows XP inside a virtual machine under Parallels 7.0

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  • DirectX 9.0c and C++ GUI

    - by SullY
    Well, I'm trying to code a gui for my engine, but I've got some problems. I know how to make a UI overlay but buttons are still black magic for me. Anything I tried was to compilcated ( if it goes big ). To Example I tried to look if the mouse position is the same as the Pixel that is showing the button. But If I use some bigger areas it's getting to complicated. Now I'm searching for a Tutorial how to implement your own gui. I'm really confused about it. Well I hope you have/ know some good tutorials. By the way, I took a look at the DXUTSample, but it's to big to get overview.

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  • Cocos2d: Adding a CCSequence to a CCArray

    - by Axort
    I have a problem with an action performed by a sprite. I have one CCSequence in a CCArray and I have an scheduled method (is called every 5 seconds) that make the sprite run the action. The action is performed correctly only the first time (the first 5 seconds), after that, the action do whatever it wants lol. Here is the code: In .h - @interface PowerUpLayer : CCLayer { PowerUp *powerUp; CCArray *trajectories; } @property (nonatomic, retain) CCArray *trajectories; In .mm - @implementation PowerUpLayer @synthesize trajectories; -(id)init { if((self = [super init])) { [self createTrajectories]; self.isTouchEnabled = YES; [self schedule:@selector(spawn:) interval:5]; } return self; } -(void)createTrajectories { self.trajectories = [CCArray arrayWithCapacity:1]; //Wave trajectory ccBezierConfig firstWave, secondWave; firstWave.controlPoint_1 = CGPointMake([[CCDirector sharedDirector] winSize].width + 30, [[CCDirector sharedDirector] winSize].height / 2);//powerUp.sprite.position.x, powerUp.sprite.position.y); firstWave.controlPoint_2 = CGPointMake([[CCDirector sharedDirector] winSize].width - ([[CCDirector sharedDirector] winSize].width / 4), 0); firstWave.endPosition = CGPointMake([[CCDirector sharedDirector] winSize].width / 2, [[CCDirector sharedDirector] winSize].height / 2); secondWave.controlPoint_1 = CGPointMake([[CCDirector sharedDirector] winSize].width / 2, [[CCDirector sharedDirector] winSize].height / 2); secondWave.controlPoint_2 = CGPointMake([[CCDirector sharedDirector] winSize].width / 4, [[CCDirector sharedDirector] winSize].height); secondWave.endPosition = CGPointMake(-30, [[CCDirector sharedDirector] winSize].height / 2); id bezierWave1 = [CCBezierTo actionWithDuration:1 bezier:firstWave]; id bezierWave2 = [CCBezierTo actionWithDuration:1 bezier:secondWave]; id waveTrajectory = [CCSequence actions:bezierWave1, bezierWave2, [CCCallFuncN actionWithTarget:self selector:@selector(setInvisible:)], nil]; [self.trajectories addObject:waveTrajectory]; //[powerUp.sprite runAction:bezierForward]; // [CCMoveBy actionWithDuration:3 position:CGPointMake(-[[CCDirector sharedDirector] winSize].width - powerUp.sprite.contentSize.width, 0)] //[powerUp.sprite runAction:[CCSequence actions:bezierWave1, bezierWave2, [CCCallFuncN actionWithTarget:self selector:@selector(setInvisible:)], nil]]; } -(void)setInvisible:(id)sender { if(powerUp != nil) { [self removeChild:sender cleanup:YES]; powerUp = nil; } } This is the scheduled method: -(void)spawn:(ccTime)dt { if(powerUp == nil) { powerUp = [[PowerUp alloc] initWithType:0]; powerUp.sprite.position = CGPointMake([[CCDirector sharedDirector] winSize].width + powerUp.sprite.contentSize.width, [[CCDirector sharedDirector] winSize].height / 2); [self addChild:powerUp.sprite z:-1]; [powerUp.sprite runAction:((CCSequence *)[self.trajectories objectAtIndex:0])]; } } I don't know what is happening; I never modify the content of the CCSequence after the first time. Thanks!

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  • What are some ways to separate game logic from animations and the draw loop?

    - by TMV
    I have only previously made flash games, using MovieClips and such to separate out my animations from my game logic. Now I am getting into trying my hand at making a game for Android, but the game programming theory around separating these things still confuses me. I come from a background of developing non game web applications so I am versed in more MVC like patterns and am stuck in that mindset as I approach game programming. I want to do things like abstract my game by having, for example, a game board class that contains the data for a grid of tiles with instances of a tile class that each contain properties. I can give my draw loop access to this and have it draw the game board based on the properties of each tile on the game board, but I don't understand where exactly animation should go. As far as I can tell, animation sort of sits between the abstracted game logic (model) and the draw loop (view). With my MVC mindset, it's frustrating trying to decide where animation is actually supposed to go. It would have quite a bit of data associated with it like a model, but seemingly needs to be very closely coupled with the draw loop in order to have things like frame independent animation. How can I break out of this mindset and start thinking about patterns that make more sense for games?

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  • Grid Based Lighting in XNA/Monogame

    - by sm81095
    I know that questions like this have been asked many times, but I have not found one exactly like this yes. I have implemented a top-down grid based world in Monogame, and am starting on the lighting system soon. How I want to do lighting is to have a grid that is 4 times wider and higher, basically splitting each world tile into a 4x4 system of "subtiles". I would like to use a flow like system to spread light across the tiles by reducing the light by a small amount each time. This is kind of the effect I was going for: http://i.imgur.com/rv8LCxZ.png The black grid lines are the light grid, and the red lines are the actual tile grid, and the light drop-off is very exaggerated. I plan to render the world by drawing the unlit grid to a separate RenderTarget2D, then rendering the lighting grid to a separate target and overlaying the two. Basically, my questions are: What would be the algorithm for a flow style lighting system like this? Would there be a more efficient way of rendering this? How would I handle the darkening of the light with colors, reducing the RGB values in each grid, or reducing the alpha in each grid, assuming that I render the light map over the grid using blending? Even assuming the former are possible, what BlendState would I use for that?

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  • Geometry Shader : points + Triangles

    - by CmasterG
    I have different Shaders and for each Shader a instance of the ShaderClass class, which initializes the Shaders, Renders the Shaders, etc. I use most of the Shaderclasses without Geometry Shader, but in one Shader Class i also use a Geometry Shader. The problem is, that when I render one object with the Shaderclass that uses the Geometry shader, all other object are rendered with the same geometry that I create in the Geometry Shader. Can you help me? Is it possible that I have to use a Geometry Shader for each object, when I use one for one object? I use DirectX 11 with C++.

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  • Best practices on separating Update and Draw on game loop

    - by Galvanize
    I've been working on my first HTML5 prototype and I found a good model that uses the regular Update and Draw loop we see in game dev. My question is, where does one end and the other begins? The question popped when I wanted to rotate and draw an Image, and I kept wondering if the work of changing the tranformation matrix (that I presume would be a bit expensive since it works on the whole pixel array of an image) and calculating the right position do draw it would characterize drawing work, or maybe not, since after that I may need to check for collision or something similar. Thinkig of it, seems like a silly question, but I would like some advice from more experienced developers. Where does does update ends and draw starts? Thanks in advance.

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  • Spherical to Cartesian Coordinates

    - by user1258455
    Well I'm reading the Frank's Luna DirectX10 book and, while I'm trying to understand the first demo, I found something that's not very clear at least for me. In the updateScene method, when I press A, S, W or D, the angles mTheta and mPhi change, but after that, there are three lines of code that I don't understand exactly what they do: // Convert Spherical to Cartesian coordinates: mPhi measured from +y // and mTheta measured counterclockwise from -z. float x = 5.0f*sinf(mPhi)*sinf(mTheta); float z = -5.0f*sinf(mPhi)*cosf(mTheta); float y = 5.0f*cosf(mPhi); I mean, this explains that they do, it says that it converts the spherical coordinates to cartesian coordinates, but, mathematically, why? why the x value is calculated by the product of the sins of both angles? And the z by the product of the sine and cosine? and why the y just uses the cosine? After that, those values (x, y and z) are used to build the view matrix. The book doesn't explain (mathematically) why those values are calculated like that (and I didn't find anything to help me to understand it at the first Part of the book: "Mathematical prerequisites"), so it would be good if someone could explain me what exactly happen in those code lines or just give me a link that helps me to understand the math part. Thanks in advance!

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  • How do I render terrain in a 2.5D perspective, like in the game Don't Starve?

    - by Hamdan
    I have experience in making 2D side scroller games such as Terraria, but now I want to challenge myself and make a game that has a 2.5D perspective. The game I am trying to mimic is Don't Starve. Right now my focus is on figuring out how to render the ground. I am having a hard time figuring out how they generated the ground, and then rendered it. The way I think they rendered the ground is by first painting the ground in some paint program, and then somehow manipulating that flat image so that it appears to have depth. I am completely confused by how you would actually render that type of terrain. I want the terrain to have the following features: Look like the terrain in Don't Starve, here is a video showing the terrain in Don't Starve The terrain will be flat, and the camera's angle and perspective will be fixed Any tips and hints will be appreciated, Thank you in advance. (I am working in Java, using the Light Weight Java Game Library (LWJGL).)

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  • Is it possible to generate Events and Hooks in Lua for any game without built-in support?

    - by pr0tocol
    Does a game have to have built-in functions to accept and run lua scripts, or can I design Events and Hooks using Lua on any game I please, akin to the days where C code could be used to hook into the WinAPI using dlls? The reason I ask is, I am trying to create a background application that will perform events and hooks on a particular game that does not currently support lua in-game. Brief examples: Events: - An action executed by the PLAYER is detected. For instance, hitting the Q key will normally make my character use an ability, but with my Lua script running in the background, will cause a sound to play on my computer (or something). Hooks: - An action within the GAME is detected. For instance, the game spawns an enemy every minute. When an enemy spawns, the script will detect this and perform an action, for instance playing a sound locally on the computer. I would like to do both, but I know for games like Garry's Mod, the game already has built-in support for running lua scripts. Is there a way to do either events OR hooks using lua similarly to how C/C++ can connect to a game using WinAPI dlls?

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  • What is a right datatype in C++ for OpenGL scene representation with use of GLSL

    - by Rarach
    I am programming in C++ OpenGl with GLSL. Until now I have been using a data structure that is composed of std::vector filled with structures of vertexes and with their parameters (position , normal, color ...) as a global variable for all the code. My question is, as I am using VBOs for drawing - is this a good approach to this problem? I am asking because I happen to have a lot of memory related trouble with this structure. I am trying to generate a terrain with a lot of vertices - more than 1 million. This seems to work, but as I refill the buffer I get memory related issues (crushes that occur, more or less randomly). So again the question is, is this a good data structure to use / and look for the faults in my code, or should I change to something else? Or what data structure would be advisable?

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  • Is an in-app purchase required to unlock game in order to bypass pirating acceptable?

    - by digitaljoel
    I'm considering writing a mobile game and looking at distribution. The game will have a server requirement, which means I will have to pay for bandwidth, hosting, processor time, etc. Because of that I'll need to make at least a little money off this thing. According to the press piracy is rampant in the android community. To get around this, I'm thinking of implementing a simple model where the game is free, perhaps allowing play for X number of turns or something, and then requiring an in-app purchase to continue to play. I would clearly explain this in the app description, and the in-app purchase would be managed per account so it would be linked to your google play account so you wouldn't have to re-purchase every time you get a new device. Would gamers accept this model or see it as unreasonable?

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  • Octrees as data structure

    - by Christian Frantz
    In my cube world, I want to use octrees to represent my chunks of 20x20x20 cubes for frustum and occlusion culling. I understand how octrees work, I just dont know if I'm going about this the right way. My base octree class is taken from here: http://www.xnawiki.com/index.php/Octree What I'm wondering is how to apply occlusion culling using this class. Does it make sense to have one octree for each cube chunk? Or should I make the octree bigger? Since I'm using cubes, each cube should fit into a node without overlap so that won't be an issue

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  • Making a new instantiated prefab as a child for existing GameObject

    - by Akari
    I've been searched about how to make these fruit to move as the basket movement if it collided with it, and I've been found that if I want to perform this I've to let these fruit to be a child to the basket game object .. for example : banana.transform.parent = basket.transform; banana and basket each of them of type "GameObject" ... BUT unfortunately this way didn't work !! and I don't know why ?? So now I need to know if it is possible to destroy the banana if a collision with the basket happened and instantiate a new banana in the basket as a child at run time ?!! I need to try this stupid way because I've tried all the other ways and nothing worked :(

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  • Collision with half of a semi-circle

    - by heitortsergent
    I am trying to port a game I made using Flash/AS3, to the Windows Phone using C#/XNA 4.0. You can see it here: http://goo.gl/gzFiE In the flash version I used a pixel-perfect collision between meteors (it's a rectangle, and usually rotated) that spawn outside the screen, and move towards the center, and a shield in the center of the screen(which is half of a semi-circle, also rotated by the player), which made the meteor bounce back in the opposite direction it came from, when they collided. My goal now is to make the meteors bounce in different angles, depending on the position it collides with the shield (much like Pong, hitting the borders causes a change in the ball's angle). So, these are the 3 options I thought of: Pixel-perfect collision (Microsoft has a sample) , but then I wouldn't know how to change the meteor angle after the collision 3 BoundingCircle's to represent the half semi-circle shield, but then I would have to somehow move them as I rotate the shield. Farseer Physics. I could make a shape composed of 3 lines, and use that as the collision object for the shield. Is there any other way besides those? Which would be the best way to do it(it's aimed towards mobile devices, so pixel-perfect is probably not a good choice)? Most of the time there's always a easier/better way than what we think of...

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  • Client side prediction/simulation Question

    - by Legendre
    I found a related question but it doesn't have what I needed. Client A sends input to move at T0. Server receives input at T1. All clients receive the change at T2. Question: With client-side prediction, client A would start moving at T0, client-side. All other clients receive the change at T2, so to them, client A only started moving at T2. If I understand correctly, client B will always see client A's past position and not his current position? How do I sync both client B and client A?

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  • Path Modifier in Tower Of Defense Game

    - by Siddharth
    I implemented PathModifier for path of each enemy in my tower of defense game. So I applied fixed time to path modifier in that enemy complete their path. Like following code describe. new PathModifier(speed, path); Here speed define the time to complete the path. But in tower of defense game my problem is, there is a tower which slow down the movement of the enemy. In that particular situation I was stuck. please someone provide me some guidance what to do in this situation. EDIT : Path path = new Path(wayPointList.size()); for (int j = 0; j < wayPointList.size(); j++) { Point point = grid.getCellPoint(wayPointList.get(j).getRow(), wayPointList.get(j).getCol()); path.to(point.x, point.y); }

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  • Level Representation in a 2D Game

    - by meszar.imola
    I would like to create a 2D game, where a character should move on a stage/level. My stage would be static, constructed some little cubes, similar to the well-known Mario game: some of the elements should represent an element of the way where the character can step, but if the element is missing, the character should fall. My problem is, how to represent this programmatically? My first thought was to represent the stage with a vector, which should contain boolean elements, depending on the state of the element on the stage - if it's missing or not. But this means, I have to verify at my character's x or y position change if it has a stage element under or not (if not, to simulate the falling of the character) - I think it is not the best practice, it's not the beautiful solution. Can you help me with some advice, how to represent the stage?

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