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• Simple parameter checking function, here just want the % to be allowed

  - by abas_rafiq

  I'm using PDO's bindParam. This is the function which checks every GET variable on the website. After changing it will echo it out: function Check_Get_Param($val){ $value1=addslashes($val); $string1=htmlspecialchars($value1); $string2=strip_tags($string1); $string3=intval($string2); return $string3; } Hhere this will output the result: Check_Get_Param($_GET['id']); Now the idea is any id or id= any or id = % $_GET['id'] = % will result 0 as % is not integer. How to allow % also? How do I modify this function or any other function that I could filter the GET parameters so I could keep out the web from injections?

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• what happens with memory when I throw an exception?

  - by Vincenzo

  This is the code (just a simplification of a real problem): <?php echo memory_get_usage() . "\n"; function f() { throw new Exception(); } function foo() { try { f(); } catch (Exception $e) { } } foo(); echo memory_get_usage() . "\n"; This is the output (PHP 5.3): 630680 630848 What happened with memory (168 bytes lost)? The exception object is not destroyed? Please, help! Thanks

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• Nesting if else statements in PHP to validate a URL

  - by John

  I'm currently writing up a function in order to validate a URL by exploding it into different parts and matching those parts with strings I've defined. This is the function I'm using so far: function validTnet($tnet_url) { $tnet_2 = "defined2"; $tnet_3 = "defined3"; $tnet_5 = "defined5"; $tnet_7 = ""; if($exp_url[2] == $tnet_2) { #show true, proceed to next validation if($exp_url[3] == $tnet_3) { #true, and next if($exp_url[5] == $tnet_5) { #true, and last if($exp_url[7] == $tnet_7) { #true, valid } } } } else { echo "failed on tnet_2"; } } For some reason I'm unable to think of the way to code (or search for the proper term) of how to break out of the if statements that are nested. What I would like to do check each part of the URL, starting with $tnet_2, and if it fails one of the checks ($tnet_2, $tnet_3, $tnet_5 or $tnet_7), output that it fails, and break out of the if statement. Is there an easy way to accomplish this using some of the code I have already?

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• size of array passed to C++ function ?

  - by user336994

  Hello, how can I get the size of an array that is passed to a function ? I have this code, but it is not working for me float verts[] = { -1.0,1.0,1.0, 1.0,1.0,1.0, 1.0,-1.0,1.0, -1.0,-1.0,1.0, -1.0,1.0,-1.0, 1.0,1.0,-1.0, 1.0,-1.0,-1.0, -1.0,-1.0,-1.0 }; void makeVectorData(float p_vertData[]) { int num = (sizeof(p_vertData)/sizeof(int)); cout << "output: " << num << endl; }; thanks,

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• Function Procedure in Java

  - by Lhea Bernardino

  Create a program that will ask the user to enter 3 numbers using for loop, then test the numbers and display it in ascending order. Sample Input: 5 2 7 Sample Output: 2 5 7 I'm stuck with the testing procedure. I don't know how to test the numbers since the variable holding those numbers is just a single variable and inside the for loop here is my sample code: import javax.swing.JOptionPane; public class ascending { public static void main(String args[]) { for(int x= 0; x<3;x++) { String Snum = JOptionPane.showInputDialog("Enter a number"); int num = Integer.parseInt(Snum); } <Here comes the program wherein I will test the 3 numbers inputted by the user and display in ascending order. I don't know where to start. :'( >

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• Calling variables to run scripts

  - by user1416419

  I have a script that lists all files in a directory, lists them in alphabetical order, and places the number of the file before the filename. #!/bin/bash x=1 cd ~/bin for f in * do if [ -f $f ]; then echo "$x: $f" declare a$x=$f x=$(expr $x + 1) fi done read -p "What would you like to execute?: " num $num Output would be 1: file0 2: file1 3: file2 etc Running $num will execute the command a1 which is not a command. What I want to do is run what $a1 is equal to (ie file0). How can I do this?

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• I have a Segmentation fault (core dumped) when using strcpy, malloc, and struct

  - by malsh002

  Okay, when I run this code, I have a segmentation fault #include<stdio.h> #include<stdlib.h> #include<string.h> #define MAX 64 struct example { char *name; }; int main() { struct example *s = malloc (MAX); strcpy(s->name ,"Hello World!!"); return !printf("%s\n", s->name); } the terminal output: alshamlan@alshamlan-VGN-CR520E:/tmp/interview$ make q1 cc -Wall -g q1.c -o q1 alshamlan@alshamlan-VGN-CR520E:/tmp/interview$ ./q1 Segmentation fault (core dumped) alshamlan@alshamlan-VGN-CR520E:/tmp/interview$ gedit q1.c Can someone explain what's going on? thanks.

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• Learning Python Basics

  - by StaticExtasy

  So I'm trying to learn python better and i've been using this website http://www.learnpython.org/ I'm on to functions right now, heres the code #Add your functions here (before the existing functions) def list_benefits(): myList = ['More organized code','More readable code','Easier code reuse','Allowing programmers to share and connect code together'] return myList def build_sentence(info): addMe = " is a benefit of functions!" for i in info: meInfo = i + addMe return meInfo def name_the_benefits_of_functions(): list_of_benefits = list_benefits() for benefit in list_of_benefits: print build_sentence(benefit) name_the_benefits_of_functions() the output being e is a benefit of functions! e is a benefit of functions! e is a benefit of functions! r is a benefit of functions! What am i missing to return the whole scentence

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• printf("... %c ...",'\0') and family - what will happen?

  - by SF.

  How will various functions that take printf format string behave upon encountering the %c format given value of \0/NULL? How should they behave? Is it safe? Is it defined? Is it compiler-specific? e.g. sprintf() - will it crop the result string at the NULL? What length will it return? Will printf() output the whole format string or just up to the new NULL? Will va_args + vsprintf/vprintf be affected somehow? If so, how? Do I risk memory leaks or other problems if I e.g. shoot this NULL at a point in std::string.c_str()? What are the best ways to avoid this caveat (sanitize input?)

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• Add periods in a string [closed]

  - by Garling Beard

  I'm unable to determine why I don't get my expected output, given this code: int periods = (location.Length / 2) - 1; for (int index = 2, i = 0; i < periods; index += 3, ++i ) { location = location.Insert(index, "."); } And a location of "C5032AC", I expect that location will equal "C.50.32.A.C" after my loop terminates; it is instead "C5.03.2AC". Can anyone explain what I'm missing here?

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• Equivalent of %02d with std::stringstream?

  - by Andreas Brinck

  I wan't to output an integer to a std::stringstream with the equivalent format of printf's %02d. Is there an easier way to achieve this than: std::stringstream stream; stream.setfill('0'); stream.setw(2); stream << value; Is it possible to stream some sort of format flags to the stringstream, something like (pseudocode): stream << flags("%02d") << value;

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• Error 0x800f0922 installing .NET 3.5 on Windows 8

  - by Benjamin Nolan

  I'm trying to install .NET 3.5 on my Windows 8 box and it keeps throwing Error 0x800f0922 at me. From what I've read on answers.microsoft.com and StackOverflow I gather the easiest way to fix this is to perform a system refresh, however this will remove all software I've installed from discs. I've just moved house, so I'd rather not do that as I don't know where all the installation media actually are for a lot of my software, so if possible I'd prefer to track down where the problem is actually occurring. (Also, I have a LOT of software installed. It'd take me a long time to reinstall it all, and I unfortunately haven't got that time.) The on-demand error screen sends me to KB2734782 (can't link it as I'm <10 rep), which doesn't help much. When I run this DISM line from the StackOverflow post: Dism.exe /online /enable-feature /featurename:NetFX3 /All /Source:C:\Windows\WinSxS /LimitAccess I get the following output on the terminal: Microsoft Windows [Version 6.2.9200] (c) 2012 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. C:\Windows\system32>Dism.exe /online /enable-feature /featurename:NetFX3 /All /Source:C:\Windows\WinSxS /LimitAccess Deployment Image Servicing and Management tool Version: 6.2.9200.16384 Image Version: 6.2.9200.16384 Enabling feature(s) [==========================100.0%==========================] Error: 0x800f0922 DISM failed. No operation was performed. For more information, review the log file. The DISM log file can be found at C:\Windows\Logs\DISM\dism.log C:\Windows\system32> Incidentally, it jumps straight from 0 to 100% and then sits on that line for about 5 minutes before the error line occurs. dism.log contains the following lines around that time: (Link to full logs is at bottom of post) 2013-07-02 00:56:58, Info DISM DISM.EXE: Succesfully registered commands for the provider: Edition Manager. 2013-07-02 00:56:58, Info DISM DISM Provider Store: PID=5768 TID=5780 Getting Provider DISM Package Manager - CDISMProviderStore::GetProvider 2013-07-02 00:56:58, Info DISM DISM Provider Store: PID=5768 TID=5780 Provider has previously been initialized. Returning the existing instance. - CDISMProviderStore::Internal_GetProvider 2013-07-02 00:56:58, Info DISM DISM Package Manager: PID=5768 TID=5780 Processing the top level command token(enable-feature). - CPackageManagerCLIHandler::Private_ValidateCmdLine 2013-07-02 00:56:58, Info DISM DISM Package Manager: PID=5768 TID=5780 Attempting to route to appropriate command handler. - CPackageManagerCLIHandler::ExecuteCmdLine 2013-07-02 00:56:58, Info DISM DISM Package Manager: PID=5768 TID=5780 Routing the command... - CPackageManagerCLIHandler::ExecuteCmdLine 2013-07-02 00:56:58, Info DISM DISM Package Manager: PID=5768 TID=5780 Encountered the option "featurename" with value "NetFX3" - CPackageManagerCLIHandler::Private_GetPackagesFromCommandLine 2013-07-02 00:56:58, Info DISM DISM Package Manager: PID=5768 TID=5780 Encountered an unknown option "featurename" with value "NetFX3" - CPackageManagerCLIHandler::Private_GetPackagesFromCommandLine 2013-07-02 00:56:58, Info DISM DISM Package Manager: PID=5768 TID=5780 Encountered the option "source" with value "C:\Windows\WinSxS" - CPackageManagerCLIHandler::Private_GetPackagesFromCommandLine 2013-07-02 00:56:58, Info DISM DISM Package Manager: PID=5768 TID=5780 Encountered an unknown option "source" with value "C:\Windows\WinSxS" - CPackageManagerCLIHandler::Private_GetPackagesFromCommandLine 2013-07-02 00:56:59, Info DISM DISM Package Manager: PID=5768 TID=5780 Initiating Changes on Package with values: 5, 7 - CDISMPackage::Internal_ChangePackageState 2013-07-02 00:56:59, Info DISM DISM Package Manager: PID=5768 TID=5780 CBS session options=0x20100! - CDISMPackageManager::Internal_Finalize 2013-07-02 01:00:27, Info DISM DISM Package Manager: PID=5768 TID=2420 Error in operation: (null) (CBS HRESULT=0x800f0922) - CCbsConUIHandler::Error 2013-07-02 01:00:27, Error DISM DISM Package Manager: PID=5768 TID=5780 Failed finalizing changes. - CDISMPackageManager::Internal_Finalize(hr:0x800f0922) 2013-07-02 01:00:27, Error DISM DISM Package Manager: PID=5768 TID=5780 Failed processing package changes with session options - CDISMPackageManager::ProcessChangesWithOptions(hr:0x800f0922) 2013-07-02 01:00:27, Error DISM DISM Package Manager: PID=5768 TID=5780 Failed ProcessChanges. - CPackageManagerCLIHandler::Private_ProcessFeatureChange(hr:0x800f0922) 2013-07-02 01:00:27, Error DISM DISM Package Manager: PID=5768 TID=5780 Failed while processing command enable-feature. - CPackageManagerCLIHandler::ExecuteCmdLine(hr:0x800f0922) 2013-07-02 01:00:27, Info DISM DISM Package Manager: PID=5768 TID=5780 Further logs for online package and feature related operations can be found at %WINDIR%\logs\CBS\cbs.log - CPackageManagerCLIHandler::ExecuteCmdLine 2013-07-02 01:00:27, Error DISM DISM.EXE: DISM Package Manager processed the command line but failed. HRESULT=800F0922 cbs.log has the following chunks around then which could be relevant: 2013-07-02 00:55:06, Info CBS Exec: This is a PSF Package. Job has been saved and we are returning to client. 2013-07-02 00:55:06, Info CSI 0000042d@2013/7/1:23:55:06.203 CSI Transaction @0xe2f5e59500 destroyed 2013-07-02 00:55:06, Info CBS Exec: DPX job state saved for one or more packages, aborting the staging and install of execution. 2013-07-02 00:55:06, Info CSI 0000042e@2013/7/1:23:55:06.207 CSI Transaction @0xe2f5e58480 destroyed 2013-07-02 00:55:06, Info CBS Perf: Stage chain complete. 2013-07-02 00:55:06, Info CBS Failed to stage execution chain. [HRESULT = 0x800f0816 - CBS_E_DPX_JOB_STATE_SAVED] 2013-07-02 00:55:06, Info CBS Failed to process single phase execution. [HRESULT = 0x800f0816 - CBS_E_DPX_JOB_STATE_SAVED] 2013-07-02 00:55:06, Info CBS WER: Failure is not worth reporting [HRESULT = 0x800f0816 - CBS_E_DPX_JOB_STATE_SAVED] 2013-07-02 00:55:06, Info CBS Reboot mark cleared and further down: 2013-07-02 00:59:19, Info CSI 000004e6 Begin executing advanced installer phase 38 (0x00000026) index 253 (0x00000000000000fd) (sequence 289) Old component: [l:0]"" New component: [ml:306{153},l:304{152}]"NetFx35CDF-CDF_GenericCommands, Culture=neutral, Version=6.2.9200.16384, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35, ProcessorArchitecture=x86, versionScope=NonSxS" Install mode: install Installer ID: {81a34a10-4256-436a-89d6-794b97ca407c} Installer name: [15]"Generic Command" 2013-07-02 00:59:19, Info CSI 000004e7 Performing 1 operations; 1 are not lock/unlock and follow: (0) LockComponentPath (10): flags: 0 comp: {l:16 b:19fc6600b776ce01c91f0000fc07a816} pathid: {l:16 b:19fc6600b776ce01ca1f0000fc07a816} path: [l:214{107}]"\SystemRoot\WinSxS\x86_netfx35cdf-cdf_genericcommands_31bf3856ad364e35_6.2.9200.16384_none_0cec490be12fb858" pid: 7fc starttime: 130171962799582915 (0x01ce76b5e2626ec3) 2013-07-02 00:59:19, Info CSI 000004e8 Performing 1 operations; 1 are not lock/unlock and follow: (0) LockComponentPath (10): flags: 0 comp: {l:16 b:27236700b776ce01cb1f0000fc07a816} pathid: {l:16 b:27236700b776ce01cc1f0000fc07a816} path: [l:210{105}]"\SystemRoot\WinSxS\x86_netfx35cdf-csd_cdf_installer_31bf3856ad364e35_6.2.9200.16384_none_55072425fd5c3716" pid: 7fc starttime: 130171962799582915 (0x01ce76b5e2626ec3) 2013-07-02 00:59:19, Info CSI 000004e9 Calling generic command executable (sequence 1): [122]"C:\Windows\WinSxS\x86_netfx35cdf-csd_cdf_installer_31bf3856ad364e35_6.2.9200.16384_none_55072425fd5c3716\WFServicesReg.exe" CmdLine: [139]""C:\Windows\WinSxS\x86_netfx35cdf-csd_cdf_installer_31bf3856ad364e35_6.2.9200.16384_none_55072425fd5c3716\WFServicesReg.exe" /c /b /v /m /i" 2013-07-02 00:59:20, Info CSI 000004ea Performing 1 operations; 1 are not lock/unlock and follow: (0) LockComponentPath (10): flags: 0 comp: {l:16 b:bd790401b776ce01cd1f0000fc07a816} pathid: {l:16 b:bd790401b776ce01ce1f0000fc07a816} path: [l:234{117}]"\SystemRoot\WinSxS\x86_microsoft.windows.s..ation.badcomponents_31bf3856ad364e35_6.2.9200.16384_none_353ccb4c94858655" pid: 7fc starttime: 130171962799582915 (0x01ce76b5e2626ec3) 2013-07-02 00:59:20, Info CSI 000004eb Creating NT transaction (seq 27), objectname [6]"(null)" 2013-07-02 00:59:20, Info CSI 000004ec Created NT transaction (seq 27) result 0x00000000, handle @0x24b8 2013-07-02 00:59:20, Info CSI 000004ed@2013/7/1:23:59:20.933 Beginning NT transaction commit... 2013-07-02 00:59:22, Info CSI 000004ee@2013/7/1:23:59:22.065 CSI perf trace: CSIPERF:TXCOMMIT;1387723 2013-07-02 00:59:22, Error CSI 000004ef (F) Done with generic command 1; CreateProcess returned 0, CPAW returned S_OK Process exit code 255 (0x000000ff) resulted in success? FALSE Process output: [l:28479 [4096]"DDSet_Entry: WFServicesReg.exe DDSet_Status: CFxInstaller::CopyConfigFilesToTemp is64bit=0 DDSet_Status: CFileHelper::CopyConfigFilesToTempLocation DDSet_Status: CFxInstaller::SetupBaseComponents isInstall=1 DDSet_Status: CFxInstaller::SetupBaseComponents Calling SetupExtensions. isInstall=1 (0x000000FF -- The extended attributes are inconsistent. ??) And a bit further down: 2013-07-02 00:59:22, Error [0x018007] CSI 000004f0 (F) Failed execution of queue item Installer: Generic Command ({81a34a10-4256-436a-89d6-794b97ca407c}) with HRESULT HRESULT_FROM_WIN32(14109). Failure will not be ignored: A rollback will be initiated after all the operations in the installer queue are completed; installer is reliable (2)[gle=0x80004005] [...snip...] 2013-07-02 00:59:22, Info CBS Not able to add pending.xml.bad to Windows Error Report. [HRESULT = 0x80070002 - ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND] 2013-07-02 00:59:28, Info CSI 000004f1@2013/7/1:23:59:28.467 CSI Advanced installer perf trace: CSIPERF:AIDONE;{81a34a10-4256-436a-89d6-794b97ca407c};NetFx35CDF-CDF_GenericCommands, Version = 6.2.9200.16384, pA = PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE_INTEL (0), Culture neutral, VersionScope = 1 nonSxS, PublicKeyToken = {l:8 b:31bf3856ad364e35}, Type neutral, TypeName neutral, PublicKey neutral;10609242us 2013-07-02 00:59:28, Info CSI 000004f2 End executing advanced installer (sequence 289) Completion status: HRESULT_FROM_WIN32(ERROR_ADVANCED_INSTALLER_FAILED) [...snip...] 2013-07-02 01:00:26, Info CBS Exec: Cancelled pending transactions after rollback. [HRESULT = 0x00000000 - S_OK] 2013-07-02 01:00:26, Error CBS Exec: An error occurred while committing the transaction, the transaction could not be rolled back. [HRESULT = 0x800f0922 - CBS_E_INSTALLERS_FAILED] The full DISM and CBS logs are at http://ben.mu/files/dotnet35_dism_cbs.zip as the CBS log is nearly 167MB uncompressed. o.o dism.log gives the timeframe of where its errors occur--00:56:20ish to 01:00:22. Does anyone have any ideas what's actually causing the installation to fail, and if so how I can fix it? Please don't just say "Refresh the OS". :)

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• PostgreSQL 8.4 won't start after blackout

  - by RiZe

  I have problem with starting PostgreSQL 8.4 on Ubuntu 9.10 Server after blackout. When I try to connect to the database it says: psql: server closed the connection unexpectedly This probably means the server terminated abnormally before or while processing the request. When I try to start it by using command sudo -u postgres /etc/init.d/postgresql-8.4 start * Starting PostgreSQL 8.4 database server [ OK ] Netstat output netstat -tulp (No info could be read for "-p": geteuid()=1000 but you should be root.) Active Internet connections (only servers) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name tcp 0 0 localhost:postgresql *:* LISTEN - tcp 0 0 192.168.1.35:svn *:* LISTEN - tcp 0 0 192.168.1.35:http-alt *:* LISTEN - tcp 0 0 *:ssh *:* LISTEN - tcp6 0 0 localhost:postgresql [::]:* LISTEN - tcp6 0 0 [::]:ssh [::]:* LISTEN - udp 0 0 *:bootpc *:* - But still don't work so lets restart it sudo -u postgres /etc/init.d/postgresql-8.4 restart * Restarting PostgreSQL 8.4 database server * The PostgreSQL server failed to start. Please check the log output: 2009-11-30 13:39:37 CET LOG: database system was shut down at 2009-11-30 13:39:33 CET 2009-11-30 13:39:37 CET LOG: autovacuum launcher started 2009-11-30 13:39:37 CET LOG: database system is ready to accept connections 2009-11-30 13:39:37 CET LOG: incomplete startup packet 2009-11-30 13:39:38 CET LOG: server process (PID 2240) was terminated by signal 11: Segmentation fault 2009-11-30 13:39:38 CET LOG: terminating any other active server processes 2009-11-30 13:39:38 CET LOG: all server processes terminated; reinitializing 2009-11-30 13:39:38 CET LOG: database system was interrupted; last known up at 2009-11-30 13:39:37 CET 2009-11-30 13:39:38 CET LOG: database system was not properly shut down; automatic recovery in progress 2009-11-30 13:39:38 CET LOG: record with zero length at 0/11D464C 2009-11-30 13:39:38 CET LOG: redo is not required 2009-11-30 13:39:38 CET LOG: autovacuum launcher started 2009-11-30 13:39:38 CET LOG: database system is ready to accept connections 2009-11-30 13:39:38 CET LOG: server process (PID 2248) was terminated by signal 11: Segmentation fault 2009-11-30 13:39:38 CET LOG: terminating any other active server processes 2009-11-30 13:39:38 CET LOG: all server processes terminated; reinitializing 2009-11-30 13:39:38 CET LOG: database system was interrupted; last known up at 2009-11-30 13:39:38 CET 2009-11-30 13:39:38 CET LOG: database system was not properly shut down; automatic recovery in progress 2009-11-30 13:39:38 CET LOG: record with zero length at 0/11D4690 2009-11-30 13:39:38 CET LOG: redo is not required 2009-11-30 13:39:39 CET LOG: autovacuum launcher started 2009-11-30 13:39:39 CET LOG: database system is ready to accept connections 2009-11-30 13:39:39 CET LOG: server process (PID 2256) was terminated by signal 11: Segmentation fault 2009-11-30 13:39:39 CET LOG: terminating any other active server processes 2009-11-30 13:39:39 CET LOG: all server processes terminated; reinitializing 2009-11-30 13:39:39 CET LOG: database system was interrupted; last known up at 2009-11-30 13:39:38 CET 2009-11-30 13:39:39 CET LOG: database system was not properly shut down; automatic recovery in progress 2009-11-30 13:39:39 CET LOG: record with zero length at 0/11D46D4 2009-11-30 13:39:39 CET LOG: redo is not required 2009-11-30 13:39:39 CET LOG: autovacuum launcher started 2009-11-30 13:39:39 CET LOG: database system is ready to accept connections 2009-11-30 13:39:39 CET LOG: server process (PID 2264) was terminated by signal 11: Segmentation fault 2009-11-30 13:39:39 CET LOG: terminating any other active server processes 2009-11-30 13:39:39 CET LOG: all server processes terminated; reinitializing 2009-11-30 13:39:39 CET LOG: database system was interrupted; last known up at 2009-11-30 13:39:39 CET 2009-11-30 13:39:39 CET LOG: database system was not properly shut down; automatic recovery in progress 2009-11-30 13:39:40 CET LOG: record with zero length at 0/11D4718 2009-11-30 13:39:40 CET LOG: redo is not required 2009-11-30 13:39:40 CET LOG: autovacuum launcher started 2009-11-30 13:39:40 CET LOG: database system is ready to accept connections 2009-11-30 13:39:40 CET LOG: server process (PID 2272) was terminated by signal 11: Segmentation fault 2009-11-30 13:39:40 CET LOG: terminating any other active server processes 2009-11-30 13:39:40 CET LOG: all server processes terminated; reinitializing 2009-11-30 13:39:40 CET LOG: database system was interrupted; last known up at 2009-11-30 13:39:40 CET 2009-11-30 13:39:40 CET LOG: database system was not properly shut down; automatic recovery in progress 2009-11-30 13:39:40 CET LOG: record with zero length at 0/11D475C 2009-11-30 13:39:40 CET LOG: redo is not required 2009-11-30 13:39:40 CET LOG: autovacuum launcher started 2009-11-30 13:39:40 CET LOG: database system is ready to accept connections 2009-11-30 13:39:41 CET LOG: server process (PID 2280) was terminated by signal 11: Segmentation fault 2009-11-30 13:39:41 CET LOG: terminating any other active server processes 2009-11-30 13:39:41 CET LOG: all server processes terminated; reinitializing 2009-11-30 13:39:41 CET LOG: database system was interrupted; last known up at 2009-11-30 13:39:40 CET 2009-11-30 13:39:41 CET LOG: database system was not properly shut down; automatic recovery in progress 2009-11-30 13:39:41 CET LOG: record with zero length at 0/11D47A0 2009-11-30 13:39:41 CET LOG: redo is not required 2009-11-30 13:39:41 CET LOG: autovacuum launcher started 2009-11-30 13:39:41 CET LOG: database system is ready to accept connections 2009-11-30 13:39:41 CET LOG: server process (PID 2288) was terminated by signal 11: Segmentation fault 2009-11-30 13:39:41 CET LOG: terminating any other active server processes 2009-11-30 13:39:41 CET LOG: all server processes terminated; reinitializing 2009-11-30 13:39:41 CET LOG: database system was interrupted; last known up at 2009-11-30 13:39:41 CET 2009-11-30 13:39:41 CET LOG: database system was not properly shut down; automatic recovery in progress 2009-11-30 13:39:41 CET LOG: record with zero length at 0/11D47E4 2009-11-30 13:39:41 CET LOG: redo is not required 2009-11-30 13:39:41 CET LOG: autovacuum launcher started 2009-11-30 13:39:41 CET LOG: database system is ready to accept connections 2009-11-30 13:39:42 CET LOG: server process (PID 2296) was terminated by signal 11: Segmentation fault 2009-11-30 13:39:42 CET LOG: terminating any other active server processes 2009-11-30 13:39:42 CET LOG: all server processes terminated; reinitializing 2009-11-30 13:39:42 CET LOG: database system was interrupted; last known up at 2009-11-30 13:39:41 CET 2009-11-30 13:39:42 CET LOG: database system was not properly shut down; automatic recovery in progress 2009-11-30 13:39:42 CET LOG: record with zero length at 0/11D4828 2009-11-30 13:39:42 CET LOG: redo is not required 2009-11-30 13:39:42 CET LOG: autovacuum launcher started 2009-11-30 13:39:42 CET LOG: database system is ready to accept connections 2009-11-30 13:39:42 CET LOG: server process (PID 2304) was terminated by signal 11: Segmentation fault 2009-11-30 13:39:42 CET LOG: terminating any other active server processes 2009-11-30 13:39:42 CET LOG: all server processes terminated; reinitializing 2009-11-30 13:39:42 CET LOG: database system was interrupted; last known up at 2009-11-30 13:39:42 CET 2009-11-30 13:39:42 CET LOG: database system was not properly shut down; automatic recovery in progress 2009-11-30 13:39:42 CET LOG: record with zero length at 0/11D486C 2009-11-30 13:39:42 CET LOG: redo is not required 2009-11-30 13:39:43 CET LOG: autovacuum launcher started 2009-11-30 13:39:43 CET LOG: database system is ready to accept connections 2009-11-30 13:39:43 CET LOG: server process (PID 2312) was terminated by signal 11: Segmentation fault 2009-11-30 13:39:43 CET LOG: terminating any other active server processes 2009-11-30 13:39:43 CET LOG: all server processes terminated; reinitializing 2009-11-30 13:39:43 CET LOG: database system was interrupted; last known up at 2009-11-30 13:39:42 CET 2009-11-30 13:39:43 CET LOG: database system was not properly shut down; automatic recovery in progress 2009-11-30 13:39:43 CET LOG: record with zero length at 0/11D48B0 2009-11-30 13:39:43 CET LOG: redo is not required 2009-11-30 13:39:43 CET LOG: autovacuum launcher started 2009-11-30 13:39:43 CET LOG: database system is ready to accept connections [fail] So what happened and what can I do to solve this? Thanks for replies

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• Load balancing with multiple gateways

  - by ttouch

  I have to different ISPs, each on each own network. The main connects via ethernet and the secondary via wifi. The two networks have no relation at all. I just connect to them simultaneously. The reason I want to load balance between them is to achieve higher Internet speeds. Note: I have no advanced network hardware. Just my pc and the two routers that I have no access... main network: if: eth0 gw: 192.168.178.1 my ip: 192.168.178.95 speed: 400 kbit/s secondary network: if: wlan0 gw: 192.168.1.1 my ip: 192.168.1.95 speed: 300 kbit/s A diagram to explain the situation: http://i.imgur.com/NZdsv.jpg I'm on Arch Linux x64. I use netcfg to configure the interfaces Configs: # /etc/network.d/main CONNECTION='ethernet' DESCRIPTION='A basic static ethernet connection using iproute' INTERFACE='eth0' IP='static' ADDR='192.168.178.95' # /etc/network.d/second CONNECTION='wireless' DESCRIPTION='A simple WEP encrypted wireless connection' INTERFACE='wlan0' SECURITY='wep' ESSID='wifi_essid' KEY='the_password' IP="static" ADDR='192.168.1.95' And I use iptables to load balance, rules: #!/bin/bash /usr/sbin/ip route flush table ISP1 2>/dev/null /usr/sbin/ip rule del fwmark 101 table ISP1 2>/dev/null /usr/sbin/ip route add table ISP1 192.168.178.0/24 dev eth0 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.178.95 metric 202 /usr/sbin/ip route add table ISP1 default via 192.168.178.1 dev eth0 /usr/sbin/ip rule add fwmark 101 table ISP1 /usr/sbin/ip route flush table ISP2 2>/dev/null /usr/sbin/ip rule del fwmark 102 table ISP2 2>/dev/null /usr/sbin/ip route add table ISP2 192.168.1.0/24 dev wlan0 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.1.95 metric 202 /usr/sbin/ip route add table ISP2 default via 192.168.1.1 dev wlan0 /usr/sbin/ip rule add fwmark 102 table ISP2 /usr/sbin/iptables -t mangle -F /usr/sbin/iptables -t mangle -X /usr/sbin/iptables -t mangle -N MARK-gw1 /usr/sbin/iptables -t mangle -A MARK-gw1 -m comment --comment 'send via 192.168.178.1' -j MARK --set-mark 101 /usr/sbin/iptables -t mangle -A MARK-gw1 -j CONNMARK --save-mark /usr/sbin/iptables -t mangle -A MARK-gw1 -j RETURN /usr/sbin/iptables -t mangle -N MARK-gw2 /usr/sbin/iptables -t mangle -A MARK-gw2 -m comment --comment 'send via 192.168.1.1' -j MARK --set-mark 102 /usr/sbin/iptables -t mangle -A MARK-gw2 -j CONNMARK --save-mark /usr/sbin/iptables -t mangle -A MARK-gw2 -j RETURN /usr/sbin/iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -j CONNMARK --restore-mark /usr/sbin/iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -m comment --comment "this stream is already marked; escape early" -m mark ! --mark 0 -j ACCEPT /usr/sbin/iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -m comment --comment 'prevent asynchronous routing' -i eth0 -m conntrack --ctstate NEW -j MARK-gw1 /usr/sbin/iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -m comment --comment 'prevent asynchronous routing' -i wlan0 -m conntrack --ctstate NEW -j MARK-gw2 /usr/sbin/iptables -t mangle -N DEF_POL /usr/sbin/iptables -t mangle -A DEF_POL -m comment --comment 'default balancing' -p tcp -m conntrack --ctstate ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j CONNMARK --restore-mark /usr/sbin/iptables -t mangle -A DEF_POL -m comment --comment 'default balancing' -p udp -m conntrack --ctstate ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j CONNMARK --restore-mark /usr/sbin/iptables -t mangle -A DEF_POL -m comment --comment 'balance gw1 tcp' -p tcp -m conntrack --ctstate NEW -m statistic --mode nth --every 2 --packet 0 -j MARK-gw1 /usr/sbin/iptables -t mangle -A DEF_POL -m comment --comment 'balance gw1 tcp' -p tcp -m conntrack --ctstate NEW -m statistic --mode nth --every 2 --packet 0 -j ACCEPT /usr/sbin/iptables -t mangle -A DEF_POL -m comment --comment 'balance gw2 tcp' -p tcp -m conntrack --ctstate NEW -m statistic --mode nth --every 2 --packet 1 -j MARK-gw2 /usr/sbin/iptables -t mangle -A DEF_POL -m comment --comment 'balance gw2 tcp' -p tcp -m conntrack --ctstate NEW -m statistic --mode nth --every 2 --packet 1 -j ACCEPT /usr/sbin/iptables -t mangle -A DEF_POL -m comment --comment 'balance gw1 udp' -p udp -m conntrack --ctstate NEW -m statistic --mode nth --every 2 --packet 0 -j MARK-gw1 /usr/sbin/iptables -t mangle -A DEF_POL -m comment --comment 'balance gw1 udp' -p udp -m conntrack --ctstate NEW -m statistic --mode nth --every 2 --packet 0 -j ACCEPT /usr/sbin/iptables -t mangle -A DEF_POL -m comment --comment 'balance gw2 udp' -p udp -m conntrack --ctstate NEW -m statistic --mode nth --every 2 --packet 1 -j MARK-gw2 /usr/sbin/iptables -t mangle -A DEF_POL -m comment --comment 'balance gw2 udp' -p udp -m conntrack --ctstate NEW -m statistic --mode nth --every 2 --packet 1 -j ACCEPT /usr/sbin/iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -j DEF_POL /usr/sbin/iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -m comment --comment 'snat outbound eth0' -o eth0 -s 192.168.0.0/16 -m mark --mark 101 -j SNAT --to-source 192.168.178.95 /usr/sbin/iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -m comment --comment 'snat outbound wlan0' -o wlan0 -s 192.168.0.0/16 -m mark --mark 102 -j SNAT --to-source 192.168.1.95 /usr/sbin/ip route flush cache (this script was made by fukawi2, I don't know how to use iptables) but I have no Internet connection... output of iptables -t mangle -nvL Chain PREROUTING (policy ACCEPT 1254K packets, 1519M bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 1278K 1535M CONNMARK all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 CONNMARK restore 21532 15M ACCEPT all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 /* this stream is already marked; escape early */ mark match ! 0x0 582 72579 MARK-gw1 all -- eth0 * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 /* prevent asynchronous routing */ ctstate NEW 2376 696K MARK-gw2 all -- wlan0 * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 /* prevent asynchronous routing */ ctstate NEW 1257K 1520M DEF_POL all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT 1276K packets, 1535M bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT 870K packets, 97M bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination Chain POSTROUTING (policy ACCEPT 870K packets, 97M bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination Chain DEF_POL (1 references) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 1236K 1517M CONNMARK tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 /* default balancing */ ctstate RELATED,ESTABLISHED CONNMARK restore 15163 2041K CONNMARK udp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 /* default balancing */ ctstate RELATED,ESTABLISHED CONNMARK restore 555 33176 MARK-gw1 tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 /* balance gw1 tcp */ ctstate NEW statistic mode nth every 2 555 33176 ACCEPT tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 /* balance gw1 tcp */ ctstate NEW statistic mode nth every 2 277 16516 MARK-gw2 tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 /* balance gw2 tcp */ ctstate NEW statistic mode nth every 2 packet 1 277 16516 ACCEPT tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 /* balance gw2 tcp */ ctstate NEW statistic mode nth every 2 packet 1 1442 384K MARK-gw1 udp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 /* balance gw1 udp */ ctstate NEW statistic mode nth every 2 1442 384K ACCEPT udp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 /* balance gw1 udp */ ctstate NEW statistic mode nth every 2 720 189K MARK-gw2 udp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 /* balance gw2 udp */ ctstate NEW statistic mode nth every 2 packet 1 720 189K ACCEPT udp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 /* balance gw2 udp */ ctstate NEW statistic mode nth every 2 packet 1 Chain MARK-gw1 (3 references) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 2579 490K MARK all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 /* send via 192.168.178.1 */ MARK set 0x65 2579 490K CONNMARK all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 CONNMARK save 2579 490K RETURN all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 Chain MARK-gw2 (3 references) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 3373 901K MARK all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 /* send via 192.168.1.1 */ MARK set 0x66 3373 901K CONNMARK all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 CONNMARK save 3373 901K RETURN all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0

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• Why doesn't pppd over ssh work here? Why can't I kill pppd?

  - by Peter V. Mørch

  I'm trying to setup a simple ppp tunnel over ssh. It works on several machines just fine. But on one machine, pppd gets "stuck": > pgrep pppd | xargs ps up USER PID %CPU %MEM VSZ RSS TTY STAT START TIME COMMAND root 4178 0.0 0.1 3020 1088 pts/1 Ds+ 05:28 0:00 /usr/sbin/pppd Any attempt to kill it (even sudo kill -9 4178) has no effect that I can see. strace -p 4178 also hangs similarly. After it has been started for a while, I start getting messages in dmesg like shown below. It is started like so from another machine: ssh -t root@server /usr/sbin/pppd passive noauth When I do this to one of the machines that work, the remote end's pppd spits out garbage/binary data to the console (as expected). When I do it to the one that fails, I get no output from pppd, but the ssh session eventually times out. If I instead ssh to the machine, and then run /usr/sbin/pppd passive noauth in a separate step I also get the expected binary output. I now have a couple of questions: What could be up with the one machine where pppd fails? I don't even know where to start looking... What could be the difference between ssh -t root@server /usr/sbin/pppd passive noauth in a single step and ssh root@server and /usr/sbin/pppd passive noauth in two steps? How can it be that I can't kill the process even with sudo kill -9? The only way I know is to reboot. (I've tried searching for something similar but didn't get anywhere so I'm sorry I don't have any more leads) Any ideas? The problem machine runs in debian on VMware "hardware" (as do the ones that work) and it exhibits the problem when cloned and on both debian lenny (original) and squeeze (after upgrade) dmesg entries: [ 1198.727248] INFO: task pppd:4178 blocked for more than 120 seconds. [ 1198.727507] "echo 0 > /proc/sys/kernel/hung_task_timeout_secs" disables this message. [ 1198.727904] pppd D ece2dc9c 0 4178 4174 0x00000004 [ 1198.727908] 00000098 00000082 f2503520 ece2dc9c 0000b1e7 00000000 c148d1c0 c148d1c0 [ 1198.727913] f2a06100 f6e071c0 00000000 ece2dc18 f5cd07e0 00000000 ece2d400 ece2dc9d [ 1198.727918] 00c52300 ece2dcbc f67bfef8 ec98e480 f291cec0 00000000 c10cf5b0 c10dfd21 [ 1198.727923] Call Trace: [ 1198.727926] [<c10cf5b0>] ? nameidata_to_filp+0x37/0x41 [ 1198.727929] [<c10dfd21>] ? dput+0x21/0xb7 [ 1198.727932] [<c11cfecc>] ? tty_ldisc_ref_wait+0x5f/0x76 [ 1198.727935] [<c104de7a>] ? wake_up_bit+0x5c/0x5c [ 1198.727938] [<c11cb91b>] ? tty_ioctl+0x85f/0x8ba [ 1198.727941] [<c10fec18>] ? do_lock_file_wait+0x3d/0xd9 [ 1198.727944] [<c1162c97>] ? _copy_from_user+0x2b/0x102 [ 1198.727946] [<c11cb0bc>] ? tty_check_change+0xb9/0xb9 [ 1198.727949] [<c10dbeb7>] ? do_vfs_ioctl+0x485/0x4c7 [ 1198.727952] [<c10db59a>] ? do_fcntl+0x24f/0x3a2 [ 1198.727954] [<c10dbf3a>] ? sys_ioctl+0x41/0x58 [ 1198.727957] [<c12c6a1f>] ? sysenter_do_call+0x12/0x28 [ 1318.457225] INFO: task sshd:4174 blocked for more than 120 seconds. [ 1318.457500] "echo 0 > /proc/sys/kernel/hung_task_timeout_secs" disables this message. [ 1318.457896] sshd D f25024cc 0 4174 2393 0x00000000 [ 1318.457901] 00000098 00000086 f2a06940 f25024cc 0000b246 00000000 c148d1c0 c148d1c0 [ 1318.457906] f2503520 f6e071c0 00000000 3f056585 0000000f ece2d4bc 3f056585 f2503520 [ 1318.457911] ec98bb38 ec98bbdc 00000000 00000000 00000000 c12c09b5 f2503520 c10327cb [ 1318.457916] Call Trace: [ 1318.457926] [<c12c09b5>] ? schedule_hrtimeout_range_clock+0x3c/0xd9 [ 1318.457931] [<c10327cb>] ? try_to_wake_up+0x13f/0x13f [ 1318.457935] [<c11cfecc>] ? tty_ldisc_ref_wait+0x5f/0x76 [ 1318.457940] [<c104de7a>] ? wake_up_bit+0x5c/0x5c [ 1318.457943] [<c11c9ad3>] ? tty_poll+0x32/0x5e [ 1318.457947] [<c10dd4d5>] ? do_select+0x2a1/0x42e [ 1318.457950] [<c10dcb83>] ? poll_freewait+0x69/0x69 [ 1318.457953] [<c10dcc25>] ? __pollwait+0xa2/0xa2 [ 1318.457955] [<c10dcc25>] ? __pollwait+0xa2/0xa2 [ 1318.457958] [<c10dcc25>] ? __pollwait+0xa2/0xa2 [ 1318.457960] [<c10dcc25>] ? __pollwait+0xa2/0xa2 [ 1318.457963] [<c10dcc25>] ? __pollwait+0xa2/0xa2 [ 1318.457965] [<c10dcc25>] ? __pollwait+0xa2/0xa2 [ 1318.457968] [<c10dcc25>] ? __pollwait+0xa2/0xa2 [ 1318.457971] [<c10429c2>] ? lock_timer_base+0x19/0x35 [ 1318.457974] [<c1042eb5>] ? __mod_timer+0x10c/0x116 [ 1318.457977] [<c1042f89>] ? mod_timer+0x69/0x6e [ 1318.457981] [<c121325d>] ? sk_reset_timer+0xc/0x16 [ 1318.457984] [<c1252f57>] ? tcp_event_new_data_sent+0x66/0x6b [ 1318.457987] [<c1255b85>] ? tcp_write_xmit+0x7a7/0x86a [ 1318.457990] [<c121760d>] ? __alloc_skb+0x50/0xfd [ 1318.457994] [<c12c12bc>] ? _raw_spin_lock_bh+0x8/0x1e [ 1318.457996] [<c1212e98>] ? release_sock+0x10/0xc4 [ 1318.457999] [<c124b543>] ? tcp_sendmsg+0x6dd/0x7b7 [ 1318.458003] [<c1162c97>] ? _copy_from_user+0x2b/0x102 [ 1318.458006] [<c10dd7a0>] ? core_sys_select+0x13e/0x1c3 [ 1318.458009] [<c12102a3>] ? sock_aio_write+0xc0/0xd4 [ 1318.458012] [<c10d0655>] ? do_sync_write+0xa0/0xe4 [ 1318.458016] [<c10b141c>] ? handle_mm_fault+0x222/0x238 [ 1318.458019] [<c10f6096>] ? fsnotify+0x1de/0x1f9 [ 1318.458022] [<c10dd9e8>] ? sys_select+0x6e/0x8f [ 1318.458024] [<c10d105e>] ? sys_write+0x3c/0x63 [ 1318.458028] [<c12c6a1f>] ? sysenter_do_call+0x12/0x28

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• Ubuntu server has slow performance

  - by Rich

  I have a custom built Ubuntu 11.04 server with a 6 disk software RAID 10 primary drive. On it I'm primarily running a PostgreSQL and a few other utilities that stream data from the web. I often find after a few hours of uptime the server starts to lag with all kinds of processes. For example, it may take 10-15 seconds after log-in to get a shell prompt. It might take 5-10 seconds for top to come up. An ls might take a second or two. When I look at top there is almost no CPU usage. There's a fair amount of memory used by the PostgreSQL server but not enough to bleed into swap. I have no idea where to go from here, other than to suspect the RAID10 (I've only ever had software RAID 1's before). Edit: Output from top: top - 11:56:03 up 1:46, 3 users, load average: 0.89, 0.73, 0.72 Tasks: 119 total, 1 running, 118 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie Cpu(s): 0.2%us, 0.0%sy, 0.0%ni, 93.5%id, 6.2%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st Mem: 16325596k total, 3478248k used, 12847348k free, 20880k buffers Swap: 19534176k total, 0k used, 19534176k free, 3041992k cached PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND 1747 woodsp 20 0 109m 10m 4888 S 1 0.1 0:42.70 python 357 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.40 jbd2/sda3-8 1 root 20 0 24324 2284 1344 S 0 0.0 0:00.84 init 2 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 kthreadd 3 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.24 ksoftirqd/0 6 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 migration/0 7 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.01 watchdog/0 8 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 migration/1 10 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.02 ksoftirqd/1 12 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.01 watchdog/1 13 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 migration/2 14 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 kworker/2:0 15 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 ksoftirqd/2 16 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.01 watchdog/2 17 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 migration/3 18 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 kworker/3:0 19 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.02 ksoftirqd/3 20 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.01 watchdog/3 21 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 cpuset 22 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 khelper 23 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 kdevtmpfs 24 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 netns 26 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 sync_supers df -h rpsharp@ncp-skookum:~$ df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sda3 1.8T 549G 1.2T 32% / udev 7.8G 4.0K 7.8G 1% /dev tmpfs 3.2G 492K 3.2G 1% /run none 5.0M 0 5.0M 0% /run/lock none 7.8G 0 7.8G 0% /run/shm /dev/sda2 952M 128K 952M 1% /boot/efi /dev/md0 5.5T 562G 4.7T 11% /usr/local free -m psharp@ncp-skookum:~$ free -m total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 15942 3409 12533 0 20 2983 -/+ buffers/cache: 405 15537 Swap: 19076 0 19076 tail -50 /var/log/syslog Jul 3 06:31:32 ncp-skookum rsyslogd: [origin software="rsyslogd" swVersion="5.8.6" x-pid="1070" x-info="http://www.rsyslog.com"] rsyslogd was HUPed Jul 3 06:39:01 ncp-skookum CRON[14211]: (root) CMD ( [ -x /usr/lib/php5/maxlifetime ] && [ -d /var/lib/php5 ] && find /var/lib/php5/ -depth -mindepth 1 -maxdepth 1 -type f -cmin +$(/usr/lib/php5/maxlifetime) ! -execdir fuser -s {} 2>/dev/null \; -delete) Jul 3 06:40:01 ncp-skookum CRON[14223]: (smmsp) CMD (test -x /etc/init.d/sendmail && /usr/share/sendmail/sendmail cron-msp) Jul 3 07:00:01 ncp-skookum CRON[14328]: (woodsp) CMD (/home/woodsp/bin/mail_tweetupdate # email an update) Jul 3 07:00:01 ncp-skookum CRON[14327]: (smmsp) CMD (test -x /etc/init.d/sendmail && /usr/share/sendmail/sendmail cron-msp) Jul 3 07:00:28 ncp-skookum sendmail[14356]: q63E0SoZ014356: from=woodsp, size=2328, class=0, nrcpts=2, msgid=<[email protected]>, relay=woodsp@localhost Jul 3 07:00:29 ncp-skookum sm-mta[14357]: q63E0Si6014357: from=<[email protected]>, size=2569, class=0, nrcpts=2, msgid=<[email protected]>, proto=ESMTP, daemon=MTA-v4, relay=localhost [127.0.0.1] Jul 3 07:00:29 ncp-skookum sendmail[14356]: q63E0SoZ014356: to=Spencer Wood <[email protected]>,Martin Lacayo <[email protected]>, ctladdr=woodsp (1004/1005), delay=00:00:01, xdelay=00:00:01, mailer=relay, pri=62328, relay=[127.0.0.1] [127.0.0.1], dsn=2.0.0, stat=Sent (q63E0Si6014357 Message accepted for delivery) Jul 3 07:00:29 ncp-skookum sm-mta[14359]: STARTTLS=client, relay=mx3.stanford.edu., version=TLSv1/SSLv3, verify=FAIL, cipher=DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA, bits=256/256 Jul 3 07:00:29 ncp-skookum sm-mta[14359]: q63E0Si6014357: to=<[email protected]>,<[email protected]>, ctladdr=<[email protected]> (1004/1005), delay=00:00:01, xdelay=00:00:00, mailer=esmtp, pri=152569, relay=mx3.stanford.edu. [171.67.219.73], dsn=2.0.0, stat=Sent (Ok: queued as 8F3505802AC) Jul 3 07:09:08 ncp-skookum CRON[14396]: (root) CMD ( [ -x /usr/lib/php5/maxlifetime ] && [ -d /var/lib/php5 ] && find /var/lib/php5/ -depth -mindepth 1 -maxdepth 1 -type f -cmin +$(/usr/lib/php5/maxlifetime) ! -execdir fuser -s {} 2>/dev/null \; -delete) Jul 3 07:17:01 ncp-skookum CRON[14438]: (root) CMD ( cd / && run-parts --report /etc/cron.hourly) Jul 3 07:20:01 ncp-skookum CRON[14453]: (smmsp) CMD (test -x /etc/init.d/sendmail && /usr/share/sendmail/sendmail cron-msp) Jul 3 07:39:01 ncp-skookum CRON[14551]: (root) CMD ( [ -x /usr/lib/php5/maxlifetime ] && [ -d /var/lib/php5 ] && find /var/lib/php5/ -depth -mindepth 1 -maxdepth 1 -type f -cmin +$(/usr/lib/php5/maxlifetime) ! -execdir fuser -s {} 2>/dev/null \; -delete) Jul 3 07:40:01 ncp-skookum CRON[14562]: (smmsp) CMD (test -x /etc/init.d/sendmail && /usr/share/sendmail/sendmail cron-msp) Jul 3 08:00:01 ncp-skookum CRON[14668]: (smmsp) CMD (test -x /etc/init.d/sendmail && /usr/share/sendmail/sendmail cron-msp) Jul 3 08:09:01 ncp-skookum CRON[14724]: (root) CMD ( [ -x /usr/lib/php5/maxlifetime ] && [ -d /var/lib/php5 ] && find /var/lib/php5/ -depth -mindepth 1 -maxdepth 1 -type f -cmin +$(/usr/lib/php5/maxlifetime) ! -execdir fuser -s {} 2>/dev/null \; -delete) Jul 3 08:17:01 ncp-skookum CRON[14766]: (root) CMD ( cd / && run-parts --report /etc/cron.hourly) Jul 3 08:20:01 ncp-skookum CRON[14781]: (smmsp) CMD (test -x /etc/init.d/sendmail && /usr/share/sendmail/sendmail cron-msp) Jul 3 08:39:01 ncp-skookum CRON[14881]: (root) CMD ( [ -x /usr/lib/php5/maxlifetime ] && [ -d /var/lib/php5 ] && find /var/lib/php5/ -depth -mindepth 1 -maxdepth 1 -type f -cmin +$(/usr/lib/php5/maxlifetime) ! -execdir fuser -s {} 2>/dev/null \; -delete) Jul 3 08:40:01 ncp-skookum CRON[14892]: (smmsp) CMD (test -x /etc/init.d/sendmail && /usr/share/sendmail/sendmail cron-msp) Output of hdparm -t /dev/sd{a,b,c,d,e,f} This looks suspicious? /dev/sda: Timing buffered disk reads: 2 MB in 4.84 seconds = 423.39 kB/sec /dev/sdb: Timing buffered disk reads: 420 MB in 3.01 seconds = 139.74 MB/sec /dev/sdc: Timing buffered disk reads: 390 MB in 3.00 seconds = 129.87 MB/sec /dev/sdd: Timing buffered disk reads: 416 MB in 3.00 seconds = 138.51 MB/sec /dev/sde: Timing buffered disk reads: 422 MB in 3.00 seconds = 140.50 MB/sec /dev/sdf: Timing buffered disk reads: 416 MB in 3.01 seconds = 138.26 MB/sec

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• qemu-kvm virtual machine virtio network freeze under load

  - by Rick Koshi

  I'm having a problem with my virtual machines, where the network will freeze under heavy load. I'm using CentOS 6.2 as both host and guest, not using libvirt, just running qemu-kvm directly as follows: /usr/libexec/qemu-kvm \ -drive file=/data2/vm/rb-dev2-www1-vm.img,index=0,media=disk,cache=none,if=virtio \ -boot order=c \ -m 2G \ -smp cores=1,threads=2 \ -vga std \ -name rb-dev2-www1-vm \ -vnc :84,password \ -net nic,vlan=0,macaddr=52:54:20:00:00:54,model=virtio \ -net tap,vlan=0,ifname=tap84,script=/etc/qemu-ifup \ -monitor unix:/var/run/vm/rb-dev2-www1-vm.mon,server,nowait \ -rtc base=utc \ -device piix3-usb-uhci \ -device usb-tablet /etc/qemu-ifup (used by the above command) is a very simple script, containing the following: #!/bin/sh sudo /sbin/ifconfig $1 0.0.0.0 promisc up sudo /usr/sbin/brctl addif br0 $1 sleep 2 And here's the info on br0 and other interfaces: avl-host3 14# brctl show bridge name bridge id STP enabled interfaces br0 8000.180373f5521a no bond0 tap84 virbr0 8000.525400858961 yes virbr0-nic avl-host3 15# ip addr show 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo inet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: em1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,SLAVE,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq master bond0 state UP qlen 1000 link/ether 18:03:73:f5:52:1a brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff 3: em2: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,SLAVE,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq master bond0 state UP qlen 1000 link/ether 18:03:73:f5:52:1a brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff 4: em3: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN qlen 1000 link/ether 18:03:73:f5:52:1e brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff 5: em4: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN qlen 1000 link/ether 18:03:73:f5:52:20 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff 6: bond0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,MASTER,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP link/ether 18:03:73:f5:52:1a brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet6 fe80::1a03:73ff:fef5:521a/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 7: br0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN link/ether 18:03:73:f5:52:1a brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 172.16.1.46/24 brd 172.16.1.255 scope global br0 inet6 fe80::1a03:73ff:fef5:521a/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 8: virbr0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN link/ether 52:54:00:85:89:61 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 192.168.122.1/24 brd 192.168.122.255 scope global virbr0 9: virbr0-nic: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN qlen 500 link/ether 52:54:00:85:89:61 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff 12: tap84: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,PROMISC,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UNKNOWN qlen 500 link/ether ba:e8:9b:2a:ff:48 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet6 fe80::b8e8:9bff:fe2a:ff48/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever bond0 is a bond of em1 and em2. virbr0 and virbr0-nic are vestigial interfaces left over from CentOS's default installation. They are unused (as far as I know). The guest runs perfectly until I run a large 'rsync', when the network will freeze after some seemingly-random time (usually under a minute). When it freezes, there is no network activity in or out of the guest. I can still connect to the guest's console via vnc, but it is unable to speak out its network interface. Any attempt to 'ping' from the guest gives a "Destination Host Unreachable" error for 3/4 packets and no reply for every fourth packet. Sometimes (perhaps two thirds of the time), I can bring the interface back to life by doing a "service network restart" from the guest's console. If this works (and if I do it before the rsync times out), the rsync will resume. Usually it will freeze again within a minute or two. If I repeat, the rsync will eventually finish, and I presume the machine goes back to waiting for another period of heavy load. Throughout the whole process, there are no console errors or relevant (that I can see) syslog messages on either guest or host machine. If the "service network restart" doesn't work the first time, trying again (and again and again) never seems to work. The command completes normally, with normal output, but the interface stays frozen. However, a soft reboot of the guest machine (without restarting qemu-kvm) always seems to bring it back. I am aware of the "lowest mac address" assignment problem, where the bridge takes on the mac address of the slave interface with the lowest mac address. This causes temporary network freezes, but is definitely not what's happening for me. My freezes are permanent until manual intervention, and you can see from the 'ip addr show' output above that the mac address being used by br0 is that of the physical ethernet. There are no other virtual machines running on the host. I've verified that each virtual machine on the subnet has its own unique mac address. I have rebuilt the guest machine several times, and I have tried this on three different host machines (identical hardware, built identically). Oddly, I do have one virtual host (the second of this series) which never seemed to have a problem. It never had its network freeze when it was running the same rsync during its build. It's particularly odd because it was the second build. The first, on a different host, did have the freezing problem, but the second did not. I assumed at the time that I had done something wrong with the first build, and that the problem was resolved. Unfortunately, the problem reappeared when I built the third VM. Also unfortunately, I can't do many tests with the working VM, as it's now in production use, and I'm hoping I can find the cause of this issue before that machine starts having problems. It's possible that I just got really lucky while running the rsync on the working machine, and that one time it didn't freeze. Of course it's possible that I somehow changed the build scripts without realizing it and re-broke something, but I can't find any such thing. In any case, I'm hoping someone has some idea what could cause this. Addendum: Preliminary tests suggest that I don't have the problem if I substitute e1000 for virtio in the first -net flag to qemu-kvm. I don't consider this a solution, but it is suitable for a stopgap. Has anyone else had (or better yet, solved) this problem with the virtio network driver?

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• problems mounting an external IDE drive via USB in ubuntu

  - by Roy Rico

  I am having a problem connecting a specific IDE drive to my linux box. It's an old drive which I just want to get about 3 GB of files off of. INFO I am trying to connect a 200GB IDE Maxtor Drive, internally and externally... externally: I am using an self powered USB IDE external drive enclosure which I have used to connect various drives, under ubuntu and windows, in the past. The other posts stated it coudl be a problem I think i may have formatted the /dev/sdc partition instead of /dev/sdc1 partition when i originally formatted the drive. internally: I only have one machine left that has an internal IDE interface, and it's got XP on it. I plugged this drive internally into this machine with windows XP and used the ext2/ext3 drivers to mount this drive, but some files have question marks (?) in the file names which is messing up my copy process in windows. I can't delete the files under windows. Ubuntu Linux will not install on my only remaining machine that has IDE controller. I have tried the suggestions in the questions below http://superuser.com/questions/88182/mount-an-external-drive-in-ubuntu http://superuser.com/questions/23210/ubuntu-fails-to-mount-usb-drive it looks like i can see the drive in /proc/partitions $ cat /proc/partitions major minor #blocks name 8 0 78125000 sda 8 1 74894998 sda1 8 2 1 sda2 8 5 3229033 sda5 8 16 199148544 sdb <-- could be my drive? but it's not listed under fdisk -l $ fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda: 80.0 GB, 80000000000 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9726 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Disk identifier: 0xd0f4738c Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 1 9324 74894998+ 83 Linux /dev/sda2 9325 9726 3229065 5 Extended /dev/sda5 9325 9726 3229033+ 82 Linux swap / Solaris and here is my log of /var/log/messages. with a bunch of weird output, can someone let me know what that weird output is? Mar 3 19:49:40 mala kernel: [687455.112029] usb 1-7: new high speed USB device using ehci_hcd and address 3 Mar 3 19:49:41 mala kernel: [687455.248576] usb 1-7: configuration #1 chosen from 1 choice Mar 3 19:49:41 mala kernel: [687455.267450] Initializing USB Mass Storage driver... Mar 3 19:49:41 mala kernel: [687455.269180] scsi4 : SCSI emulation for USB Mass Storage devices Mar 3 19:49:41 mala kernel: [687455.269410] usbcore: registered new interface driver usb-storage Mar 3 19:49:41 mala kernel: [687455.269416] USB Mass Storage support registered. Mar 3 19:49:46 mala kernel: [687460.270917] scsi 4:0:0:0: Direct-Access Maxtor 6 Y200P0 YAR4 PQ: 0 ANSI: 2 Mar 3 19:49:46 mala kernel: [687460.271485] sd 4:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg2 type 0 Mar 3 19:49:46 mala kernel: [687460.278858] sd 4:0:0:0: [sdb] 398297088 512-byte logical blocks: (203 GB/189 GiB) Mar 3 19:49:46 mala kernel: [687460.280866] sd 4:0:0:0: [sdb] Write Protect is off Mar 3 19:50:16 mala kernel: [687460.283784] sdb: Mar 3 19:50:16 mala kernel: [687491.112020] usb 1-7: reset high speed USB device using ehci_hcd and address 3 Mar 3 19:50:47 mala kernel: [687522.120030] usb 1-7: reset high speed USB device using ehci_hcd and address 3 Mar 3 19:51:18 mala kernel: [687553.112034] usb 1-7: reset high speed USB device using ehci_hcd and address 3 Mar 3 19:51:49 mala kernel: [687584.116025] usb 1-7: reset high speed USB device using ehci_hcd and address 3 Mar 3 19:52:02 mala kernel: [687596.170632] type=1505 audit(1267671122.035:31): operation="profile_replace" pid=8426 name=/usr/lib/cups/backend/cups-pdf Mar 3 19:52:02 mala kernel: [687596.171551] type=1505 audit(1267671122.035:32): operation="profile_replace" pid=8426 name=/usr/sbin/cupsd Mar 3 19:52:06 mala kernel: [687600.908056] async/0 D c08145c0 0 7655 2 0x00000000 Mar 3 19:52:06 mala kernel: [687600.908062] e5601d38 00000046 e5774000 c08145c0 e4c2a848 c08145c0 d203973a 0002713d Mar 3 19:52:06 mala kernel: [687600.908072] c08145c0 c08145c0 e4c2a848 c08145c0 00000000 0002713d c08145c0 f0a98c00 Mar 3 19:52:06 mala kernel: [687600.908079] e4c2a5b0 c20125c0 00000002 e5601d80 e5601d44 c056f3be e5601d78 e5601d4c Mar 3 19:52:06 mala kernel: [687600.908087] Call Trace: Mar 3 19:52:06 mala kernel: [687600.908099] [<c056f3be>] io_schedule+0x1e/0x30 Mar 3 19:52:06 mala kernel: [687600.908107] [<c01b2cf5>] sync_page+0x35/0x40 Mar 3 19:52:06 mala kernel: [687600.908111] [<c056f8f7>] __wait_on_bit_lock+0x47/0x90 Mar 3 19:52:06 mala kernel: [687600.908115] [<c01b2cc0>] ? sync_page+0x0/0x40 Mar 3 19:52:06 mala kernel: [687600.908121] [<c020f390>] ? blkdev_readpage+0x0/0x20 Mar 3 19:52:06 mala kernel: [687600.908125] [<c01b2ca9>] __lock_page+0x79/0x80 Mar 3 19:52:06 mala kernel: [687600.908130] [<c015c130>] ? wake_bit_function+0x0/0x50 Mar 3 19:52:06 mala kernel: [687600.908135] [<c01b459f>] read_cache_page_async+0xbf/0xd0 Mar 3 19:52:06 mala kernel: [687600.908139] [<c01b45c2>] read_cache_page+0x12/0x60 Mar 3 19:52:06 mala kernel: [687600.908144] [<c0232dca>] read_dev_sector+0x3a/0x80 Mar 3 19:52:06 mala kernel: [687600.908148] [<c0233d3e>] adfspart_check_ICS+0x1e/0x160 Mar 3 19:52:06 mala kernel: [687600.908152] [<c023339f>] ? disk_name+0xaf/0xc0 Mar 3 19:52:06 mala kernel: [687600.908157] [<c0233d20>] ? adfspart_check_ICS+0x0/0x160 Mar 3 19:52:06 mala kernel: [687600.908161] [<c02334de>] check_partition+0x10e/0x180 Mar 3 19:52:06 mala kernel: [687600.908165] [<c02335f6>] rescan_partitions+0xa6/0x330 Mar 3 19:52:06 mala kernel: [687600.908171] [<c0312472>] ? kobject_get+0x12/0x20 Mar 3 19:52:06 mala kernel: [687600.908175] [<c0312472>] ? kobject_get+0x12/0x20 Mar 3 19:52:06 mala kernel: [687600.908180] [<c039fc43>] ? get_device+0x13/0x20 Mar 3 19:52:06 mala kernel: [687600.908185] [<c03c263f>] ? sd_open+0x5f/0x1b0 Mar 3 19:52:06 mala kernel: [687600.908189] [<c020fda0>] __blkdev_get+0x140/0x310 Mar 3 19:52:06 mala kernel: [687600.908194] [<c020f0ac>] ? bdget+0xec/0x100 Mar 3 19:52:06 mala kernel: [687600.908198] [<c020ff7a>] blkdev_get+0xa/0x10 Mar 3 19:52:06 mala kernel: [687600.908202] [<c0232f30>] register_disk+0x120/0x140 Mar 3 19:52:06 mala kernel: [687600.908207] [<c0308b4d>] ? blk_register_region+0x2d/0x40 Mar 3 19:52:06 mala kernel: [687600.908211] [<c03084f0>] ? exact_match+0x0/0x10 Mar 3 19:52:06 mala kernel: [687600.908216] [<c0308cf0>] add_disk+0x80/0x140 Mar 3 19:52:06 mala kernel: [687600.908221] [<c03084f0>] ? exact_match+0x0/0x10 Mar 3 19:52:06 mala kernel: [687600.908225] [<c0308860>] ? exact_lock+0x0/0x20 Mar 3 19:52:06 mala kernel: [687600.908230] [<c03c53df>] sd_probe_async+0xff/0x1c0

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• AD-Integrated DNS failure: "Access was Denied"

  - by goldPseudo

  I have a single Windows 2008 R2 server configured as a domain controller with Active Directory Domain Services and DNS Server. The DNS Server was recently uninstalled and reinstalled in an attempt to fix a (possibly unrelated) problem; the event log was previously flooded with errors (#4000, "The DNS Server was unable to open Active Directory...") which reinstalling did not fix. However, while before it was at least showing and resolving names from the local network (slowly), now it's showing nothing at all. (The original error started with a #4015 error "The DNS server has encountered a critical error from the Active Directory," followed by a long string of #4000 and a few #4004. This may have been caused when a new DNS name was recently added, but I can't be sure of the timing.) Attempting to manage the DNS through Administrative Tools > DNS brings up an error: The server SERVERNAME could not be contacted. The error was: Access was denied. Would you like to add it anyway? Selecting yes just puts a SERVERNAME item on the list, but with all the configuration options grayed out. I attempted editing my hosts file as per this post but to no avail. Running dcdiag, it does identify the home server properly, but fails right away testing connectivity with: Starting test: Connectivity The host blahblahblahyaddayaddayadda could not be resolved to an IP address. Check the DNS server, DHCP, server name, etc. Got error while checking LDAP and RPC connectivity. Please check your firewall settings. ......................... SERVERNAME failed test Connectivity Adding the blahblahblahyaddayaddayadda address to hosts (pointing at 127.0.0.1), the connectivity test succeeded but it didn't seem to solve the fundamental problem (Access was denied) so I hashed it out again. Primary DNS server is properly pointing at 127.0.0.1 according to ipconfig /all. And the DNS server is forwarding requests to external addresses properly (if slowly), but the resolving of local network names is borked. The DNS database itself is small enough that I am (grudgingly) able to rebuild it if need be, but the DNS Server doesn't seem willing to let me work with (or around) it at all. (and yes before you ask there are no system backups available) Where do I go from here? As requested, my (slightly obfuscated) dcdiag output: Directory Server Diagnosis Performing initial setup: Trying to find home server... Home Server = bulgogi * Identified AD Forest. Done gathering initial info. Doing initial required tests Testing server: Obfuscated\BULGOGI Starting test: Connectivity The host a-whole-lot-of-numbers._msdcs.obfuscated.address could not be resolved to an IP address. Check the DNS server, DHCP, server name, etc. Got error while checking LDAP and RPC connectivity. Please check your firewall settings. ......................... BULGOGI failed test Connectivity Doing primary tests Testing server: Obfuscated\BULGOGI Skipping all tests, because server BULGOGI is not responding to directory service requests. Running partition tests on : ForestDnsZones Starting test: CheckSDRefDom ......................... ForestDnsZones passed test CheckSDRefDom Starting test: CrossRefValidation ......................... ForestDnsZones passed test CrossRefValidation Running partition tests on : DomainDnsZones Starting test: CheckSDRefDom ......................... DomainDnsZones passed test CheckSDRefDom Starting test: CrossRefValidation ......................... DomainDnsZones passed test CrossRefValidation Running partition tests on : Schema Starting test: CheckSDRefDom ......................... Schema passed test CheckSDRefDom Starting test: CrossRefValidation ......................... Schema passed test CrossRefValidation Running partition tests on : Configuration Starting test: CheckSDRefDom ......................... Configuration passed test CheckSDRefDom Starting test: CrossRefValidation ......................... Configuration passed test CrossRefValidation Running partition tests on : obfuscated Starting test: CheckSDRefDom ......................... obfuscated passed test CheckSDRefDom Starting test: CrossRefValidation ......................... obfuscated passed test CrossRefValidation Running enterprise tests on : obfuscated.address Starting test: LocatorCheck ......................... obfuscated.address passed test LocatorCheck Starting test: Intersite ......................... obfuscated.address passed test Intersite And my hosts file (minus the hashed lines for brevity): 127.0.0.1 localhost ::1 localhost And, for the sake of completion, here's selected chunks of my netstat -a -n output: TCP 0.0.0.0:88 0.0.0.0:0 LISTENING TCP 0.0.0.0:135 0.0.0.0:0 LISTENING TCP 0.0.0.0:389 0.0.0.0:0 LISTENING TCP 0.0.0.0:445 0.0.0.0:0 LISTENING TCP 0.0.0.0:464 0.0.0.0:0 LISTENING TCP 0.0.0.0:593 0.0.0.0:0 LISTENING TCP 0.0.0.0:636 0.0.0.0:0 LISTENING TCP 0.0.0.0:3268 0.0.0.0:0 LISTENING TCP 0.0.0.0:3269 0.0.0.0:0 LISTENING TCP 0.0.0.0:3389 0.0.0.0:0 LISTENING TCP 0.0.0.0:9389 0.0.0.0:0 LISTENING TCP 0.0.0.0:47001 0.0.0.0:0 LISTENING TCP 0.0.0.0:49152 0.0.0.0:0 LISTENING TCP 0.0.0.0:49153 0.0.0.0:0 LISTENING TCP 0.0.0.0:49154 0.0.0.0:0 LISTENING TCP 0.0.0.0:49155 0.0.0.0:0 LISTENING TCP 0.0.0.0:49157 0.0.0.0:0 LISTENING TCP 0.0.0.0:49158 0.0.0.0:0 LISTENING TCP 0.0.0.0:49164 0.0.0.0:0 LISTENING TCP 0.0.0.0:49178 0.0.0.0:0 LISTENING TCP 0.0.0.0:49179 0.0.0.0:0 LISTENING TCP 0.0.0.0:50480 0.0.0.0:0 LISTENING TCP 127.0.0.1:53 0.0.0.0:0 LISTENING TCP 192.168.12.127:53 0.0.0.0:0 LISTENING TCP 192.168.12.127:139 0.0.0.0:0 LISTENING TCP 192.168.12.127:445 192.168.12.50:51118 ESTABLISHED TCP 192.168.12.127:3389 192.168.12.4:33579 ESTABLISHED TCP 192.168.12.127:3389 192.168.12.100:1115 ESTABLISHED TCP 192.168.12.127:50784 192.168.12.50:49174 ESTABLISHED <snip ipv6> UDP 0.0.0.0:123 *:* UDP 0.0.0.0:500 *:* UDP 0.0.0.0:1645 *:* UDP 0.0.0.0:1645 *:* UDP 0.0.0.0:1646 *:* UDP 0.0.0.0:1646 *:* UDP 0.0.0.0:1812 *:* UDP 0.0.0.0:1812 *:* UDP 0.0.0.0:1813 *:* UDP 0.0.0.0:1813 *:* UDP 0.0.0.0:4500 *:* UDP 0.0.0.0:5355 *:* UDP 0.0.0.0:59638 *:* <snip a few thousand lines> UDP 0.0.0.0:62140 *:* UDP 127.0.0.1:53 *:* UDP 127.0.0.1:49540 *:* UDP 127.0.0.1:49541 *:* UDP 127.0.0.1:53655 *:* UDP 127.0.0.1:54946 *:* UDP 127.0.0.1:58345 *:* UDP 127.0.0.1:63352 *:* UDP 127.0.0.1:63728 *:* UDP 127.0.0.1:63729 *:* UDP 127.0.0.1:64215 *:* UDP 127.0.0.1:64646 *:* UDP 192.168.12.127:53 *:* UDP 192.168.12.127:67 *:* UDP 192.168.12.127:68 *:* UDP 192.168.12.127:88 *:* UDP 192.168.12.127:137 *:* UDP 192.168.12.127:138 *:* UDP 192.168.12.127:389 *:* UDP 192.168.12.127:464 *:* UDP 192.168.12.127:2535 *:* <snip ipv6 again>

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• IRQ problem with 2.6.32/2.6.39 kernel on Debian Squeeze x86_64

  - by MasterM

  I recently assembled a new computer so that all hardware is pretty new. Since then I've been experiencing some problem with IRQs when running Debian 6.0. On random occasions, usually after an hour or so of running I hear a beep and this shows up in dmesg: [ 3537.762795] irq 16: nobody cared (try booting with the "irqpoll" option) [ 3537.762797] Pid: 0, comm: swapper Tainted: P W O 2.6.39-2-amd64 #1 [ 3537.762798] Call Trace: [ 3537.762799] <IRQ> [<ffffffff810924d4>] ? __report_bad_irq+0x3a/0xa2 [ 3537.762803] [<ffffffff810926a4>] ? note_interrupt+0x168/0x1da [ 3537.762805] [<ffffffff81090dd4>] ? handle_irq_event_percpu+0x171/0x18f [ 3537.762807] [<ffffffff8100e0e2>] ? read_tsc+0x5/0x16 [ 3537.762809] [<ffffffff8106b8a2>] ? update_ts_time_stats+0x32/0x6b [ 3537.762810] [<ffffffff81090e26>] ? handle_irq_event+0x34/0x52 [ 3537.762812] [<ffffffff81063fb7>] ? sched_clock_idle_wakeup_event+0x12/0x1c [ 3537.762813] [<ffffffff81092df2>] ? handle_fasteoi_irq+0x82/0xa4 [ 3537.762815] [<ffffffff8100aadb>] ? handle_irq+0x1a/0x23 [ 3537.762816] [<ffffffff8100a384>] ? do_IRQ+0x45/0xaa [ 3537.762818] [<ffffffff81332c93>] ? common_interrupt+0x13/0x13 [ 3537.762818] <EOI> [<ffffffff81332c8e>] ? common_interrupt+0xe/0x13 [ 3537.762821] [<ffffffff81026800>] ? native_safe_halt+0x2/0x3 [ 3537.762829] [<ffffffffa016ed58>] ? acpi_idle_do_entry+0x39/0x62 [processor] [ 3537.762831] [<ffffffffa016edde>] ? acpi_idle_enter_c1+0x5d/0xad [processor] [ 3537.762834] [<ffffffff81261033>] ? cpuidle_idle_call+0x11f/0x1cc [ 3537.762835] [<ffffffff81008dd2>] ? cpu_idle+0xab/0xe1 [ 3537.762837] [<ffffffff8169fc60>] ? start_kernel+0x3e0/0x3eb [ 3537.762838] [<ffffffff8169f3c8>] ? x86_64_start_kernel+0x102/0x10f [ 3537.762839] handlers: [ 3537.762840] [<ffffffffa0358d5a>] (rtl8169_interrupt+0x0/0x2d7 [r8169]) [ 3537.762842] [<ffffffffa08ff2ca>] (nv_kern_isr+0x0/0x54 [nvidia]) [ 3537.762902] Disabling IRQ #16 After that Xorg either hogs on CPU or is unstable (up to hanging the system completely). When I restart Xorg everything is fine again and the problem doesn't occur until next reboot. I tried to upgrade the kernel from stock 2.6.32 to 2.6.39 from unstable repository but that didn't help. Booting with irqpoll option only seems to prolong the initial time period after which the problem occurs. I'm using latest NVIDIA drivers and Realtek firmware from firmware-realtek package. I have two GTX 560Ti that run in SLI. Disabling SLI or taking out one card completely doesn't solve the problem either. Output of uname -a is: Linux whitestar 2.6.39-2-amd64 #1 SMP Wed Jun 8 11:01:04 UTC 2011 x86_64 GNU/Linux Output of lspci is: 00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Sandy Bridge DRAM Controller (rev 09) 00:01.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Sandy Bridge PCI Express Root Port (rev 09) 00:01.1 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Sandy Bridge PCI Express Root Port (rev 09) 00:16.0 Communication controller: Intel Corporation Cougar Point HECI Controller #1 (rev 04) 00:19.0 Ethernet controller: Intel Corporation 82579V Gigabit Network Connection (rev 05) 00:1a.0 USB Controller: Intel Corporation Cougar Point USB Enhanced Host Controller #2 (rev 05) 00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation Cougar Point High Definition Audio Controller (rev 05) 00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Cougar Point PCI Express Root Port 1 (rev b5) 00:1c.1 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Cougar Point PCI Express Root Port 2 (rev b5) 00:1c.2 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Cougar Point PCI Express Root Port 3 (rev b5) 00:1c.4 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Cougar Point PCI Express Root Port 5 (rev b5) 00:1c.6 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801 PCI Bridge (rev b5) 00:1d.0 USB Controller: Intel Corporation Cougar Point USB Enhanced Host Controller #1 (rev 05) 00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation Cougar Point LPC Controller (rev 05) 00:1f.2 SATA controller: Intel Corporation Cougar Point 6 port SATA AHCI Controller (rev 05) 00:1f.3 SMBus: Intel Corporation Cougar Point SMBus Controller (rev 05) 01:00.0 VGA compatible controller: nVidia Corporation Device 1200 (rev a1) 01:00.1 Audio device: nVidia Corporation Device 0e0c (rev a1) 02:00.0 VGA compatible controller: nVidia Corporation Device 1200 (rev a1) 02:00.1 Audio device: nVidia Corporation Device 0e0c (rev a1) 04:00.0 USB Controller: NEC Corporation uPD720200 USB 3.0 Host Controller (rev 04) 06:00.0 USB Controller: NEC Corporation uPD720200 USB 3.0 Host Controller (rev 04) 07:00.0 PCI bridge: Device 1b21:1080 (rev 01) 08:02.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL-8110SC/8169SC Gigabit Ethernet (rev 10) 08:03.0 FireWire (IEEE 1394): VIA Technologies, Inc. VT6306/7/8 [Fire II(M)] IEEE 1394 OHCI Controller (rev c0) Contents of /proc/interrupts: CPU0 CPU1 CPU2 CPU3 CPU4 CPU5 CPU6 CPU7 0: 77 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 IO-APIC-edge timer 1: 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 IO-APIC-edge i8042 8: 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 IO-APIC-edge rtc0 9: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 IO-APIC-fasteoi acpi 12: 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 IO-APIC-edge i8042 16: 699083 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 IO-APIC-fasteoi nvidia, eth0 17: 87810 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 IO-APIC-fasteoi firewire_ohci, hda_intel, nvidia 18: 242 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 IO-APIC-fasteoi hda_intel 23: 85925 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 IO-APIC-fasteoi ehci_hcd:usb5, ehci_hcd:usb6 40: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 PCI-MSI-edge PCIe PME 41: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 PCI-MSI-edge PCIe PME 42: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 PCI-MSI-edge PCIe PME 43: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 PCI-MSI-edge PCIe PME 44: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 PCI-MSI-edge PCIe PME 45: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 PCI-MSI-edge PCIe PME 46: 79853 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 PCI-MSI-edge ahci 48: 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 PCI-MSI-edge xhci_hcd 49: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 PCI-MSI-edge xhci_hcd 50: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 PCI-MSI-edge xhci_hcd 51: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 PCI-MSI-edge xhci_hcd 52: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 PCI-MSI-edge xhci_hcd 53: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 PCI-MSI-edge xhci_hcd 54: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 PCI-MSI-edge xhci_hcd 55: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 PCI-MSI-edge xhci_hcd 56: 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 PCI-MSI-edge xhci_hcd 57: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 PCI-MSI-edge xhci_hcd 58: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 PCI-MSI-edge xhci_hcd 59: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 PCI-MSI-edge xhci_hcd 60: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 PCI-MSI-edge xhci_hcd 61: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 PCI-MSI-edge xhci_hcd 62: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 PCI-MSI-edge xhci_hcd 63: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 PCI-MSI-edge xhci_hcd 64: 173506 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 PCI-MSI-edge hda_intel NMI: 482 89 25 13 277 24 11 10 Non-maskable interrupts LOC: 783857 194752 114133 70577 372438 179065 117179 162016 Local timer interrupts SPU: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Spurious interrupts PMI: 482 89 25 13 277 24 11 10 Performance monitoring interrupts IWI: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 IRQ work interrupts RES: 131917 46750 7432 3291 150003 9576 3435 3067 Rescheduling interrupts CAL: 2759 6563 7150 6997 5387 7140 7269 6678 Function call interrupts TLB: 4396 2038 1336 492 5434 1896 1121 606 TLB shootdowns TRM: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Thermal event interrupts THR: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Threshold APIC interrupts MCE: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Machine check exceptions MCP: 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 Machine check polls ERR: 0 MIS: 0 Last but not least, right after boot-up those lines are usually present in dmesg: [ 18.367094] hda-intel: IRQ timing workaround is activated for card #1. Suggest a bigger bdl_pos_adj. [ 18.458859] hda-intel: IRQ timing workaround is activated for card #2. Suggest a bigger bdl_pos_adj. I'm not sure if it's related or a symptom of a bigger problem so I'm posting it just in case. I don't really know what other information might be of relevance here. Don't hesitate to ask for more in the comments.

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• FreeBSD 8.0 - Macbook: Trying to Connect to Wireless

  - by Koroviev

  What Happened A few days ago I installed FreeBSD 8from USB to my Macbook (Core Duo, 13"). The first thing I wanted to do was get my GUI back. I'm new to FreeBSD and it's my first time off of mac or windows, so I had some learning to do. I tried to a make clean install of xorg with ports but it returned many "No address record" errors. I realised I hadn't configured network settings and then the fun started. I ran ifconfig and it found 5 devices: msk0, ath0, fwe0, fwip0, lo0. * ath0 was identified as media: IEEE 802.11 Wireless Ethernet autoselect so it was clear which one I needed. From what I gathered, there are 3 files and two processes involved here: /boot/loader.conf /etc/wpa_supplicant.conf /etc/rc.conf /etc/rc.d/netif wpa_supplicant (which is a part of the former too) I'm certain it's a big simplification, so correct me if I'm wrong here. What I Tried I configured /boot/loader.conf with the few basic settings, and I'm most sure that this file is okay. The other 2 were more puzzling. I tried to make a network package in wpa_supplicant.conf. I found the ssid of the router, but the security wasn't so easy. The routers configuration on security is set to "Auto", with no explanation given. Other options are there, but Auto is selected. Another laptop uses WEP to connect (it's Vista, so I don't know how to get any more info than that), but I never configured it to do it. There's a string labled "wireless key" on the bottom of the router which I entered to set it up a new machine on the network (Windows and Macs, so it was simplified). I never had to choose a security type and only learned about them by installing FreeBSD. So perhaps WEP is what "Auto" means, but I can't find any other evidence. wpa_supplicant.conf seemed to never be correctly configured. I always got errors related to it and WPA_supplicant doesn't work. It gave me "Can't disable/enable WPA in the driver" errors and more once when I enabled -d -d. This was when I was trying some suspect configurations in rc.conf though. Usually it does nothing except hijack the shell and print "CTRL-SCAN-EVENT-RESULT" every 10 seconds. I learned how to clone the ath0 device to a wlandev interface (wlan0). ath0 is associated to it and their connection seems to go smoothly. But the wlan0's connection to the network is the problem. I couldn't create this with rc.conf, I do something wrong and get ifconfig: create: bad value errors whenever it's parsed. I did it via the shell instead. What Now? I scanned with wlan0 today: ifconfig wlan0 list scan It shows my router, even my neighbour's router. It was a relief to finally get some feedback. So wlan0 is UP and detects the router, but it is always status: no carrier. It can't associate with it and I can't figure out why. Running /etc/rc.d/netif start returns almost the same result as ifconfig would. It shows lo0 and wlan0, and sometimes ath0. I still not sure what lo0 is doing. So; how do I associate with it? We can assume it's WEP security based on how the other laptop is setup. I'll give every relevant output here. After boot, with a blank rc.conf this is what ifconfig returns: msk0: flags=8802<BROADCAST,SIMPLEX,MULTICAST> metric 0 mtu 1500 options=11a<TXCSUM,VLAN_MTU,VLAN_HWTAGGING,TSO4> ether 00:17:f2:29:89:3b media: Ethernet autoselect ath0: flags=8802<BROADCAST,SIMPLEX,MULTICAST> metric 0 mtu 2290 ether 00:16:cb:bb:fe:65 media: IEEE 802.11 Wireless Ethernet autoselect (autoselect) status: no carrier fwe0: flags=8802<BROADCAST,SIMPLEX,MULTICAST> metric 0 mtu 1500 options=8<VLAN_MTU> ether 02:17:f2:60:ad:7e ch 1 dma -1 fwip0: flags=8802<BROADCAST,SIMPLEX,MULTICAST> metric 0 mtu 1500 lladdr 0.17.f2.ff.fe.60.ad.7e.a.2.ff.fe.0.0.0.0 lo0: flags=8049<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING,MULTICAST> metric 0 mtu 16384 options=3<RXCSUM,TXCSUM> inet6 fe80::1%lo0 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x5 inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 0xff000000 I run: ifconfig wlan0 create wlandev ath0 It returns: wlan0: bpf attached wlan0: bpf attached wlan0: Ethernet address: xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx Ifconfig now returns: msk0: flags=8802<BROADCAST,SIMPLEX,MULTICAST> metric 0 mtu 1500 options=11a<TXCSUM,VLAN_MTU,VLAN_HWTAGGING,TSO4> ether 00:17:f2:29:89:3b media: Ethernet autoselect ath0: flags=8802<BROADCAST,SIMPLEX,MULTICAST> metric 0 mtu 2290 ether 00:16:cb:bb:fe:65 media: IEEE 802.11 Wireless Ethernet autoselect (autoselect) status: no carrier fwe0: flags=8802<BROADCAST,SIMPLEX,MULTICAST> metric 0 mtu 1500 options=8<VLAN_MTU> ether 02:17:f2:60:ad:7e ch 1 dma -1 fwip0: flags=8802<BROADCAST,SIMPLEX,MULTICAST> metric 0 mtu 1500 lladdr 0.17.f2.ff.fe.60.ad.7e.a.2.ff.fe.0.0.0.0 lo0: flags=8049<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING,MULTICAST> metric 0 mtu 16384 options=3<RXCSUM,TXCSUM> inet6 fe80::1%lo0 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x5 inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 0xff000000 wlan0: flags=8802<BROADCAST,SIMPLEX,MULTICAST> metric 0 mtu 1500 ether 00:16:cb:bb:fe:65 media: IEEE 802.11 Wireless Ethernet autoselect (autoselect) status: no carrier ssid "" channel 1 (2412 Mhz 11b) regdomain 106 indoor ecm authmode OPEN privacy OFF txpower 20 bmiss 7 scanvalid 60 bgscan bgscanintvl 300 bgscanidle 250 roam:rssi 7 roam:rate 1 wme burst bintval 0 I run: ifconfig wlan0 up ifconfig wlan0 scan It finds my router and displays its details. I can feed it my routers details now, using: ifconfig wlan0 key value key value ... They show up in wlan0 when I run ifconfig, but it still doesn't associate. What details should I feed it, what exactly is needed? What, if anything, should I have in /etc/wpa_supplicant.conf (and if that psk is needed, is it most likely the string I mentioned above)? If I define the ssid in wpa_supplicant.conf, should I still feed it to wlan0? What process should I then use to associate it? 5 .How should I add these things to rc.conf so it will automatically do this at boot? A huge thank you in advance for any help you can give, I've spent hours crawling about the shell and I've learned quite a bit from it (I finally got the hang of vi too, from all that editing). But the sooner this is fixed, the better. *P.S. I was, and still am, wondering where the extra three devices come from (the wireless and wired were all I expected to find). lo0 is up at each boot and /etc/rc.d/netif, I have no idea what it is and can't find it in dmesg. Resources: /etc/loader.conf: Code: if_ath_load="YES" wlan_wep_load="YES" wlan_ccmp_load="YES" wlan_tkip_load="YES" /etc/wpa_supplicant.conf (I emptied it of everything unnecessary, because I was just causing errors) network={ ssid="BTVOYAGER2110-1C" } /etc/rc.conf has no network settings, I commented them out because of errors. There was my attempt to clone ath0 and feed it info, but I did if via the shell instead. I've included the output of dmesg as an attachment, in case it's useful. I'd include the boot text (which appears before login) but I don't know how to catch it into a text file. If it's needed and somebody tells me how, I will (actually, even if it's not needed, how can I view it to read?).

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• Troubleshooting latency spikes on ESXi NFS datastores

  - by exo_cw

  I'm experiencing fsync latencies of around five seconds on NFS datastores in ESXi, triggered by certain VMs. I suspect this might be caused by VMs using NCQ/TCQ, as this does not happen with virtual IDE drives. This can be reproduced using fsync-tester (by Ted Ts'o) and ioping. For example using a Grml live system with a 8GB disk: Linux 2.6.33-grml64: root@dynip211 /mnt/sda # ./fsync-tester fsync time: 5.0391 fsync time: 5.0438 fsync time: 5.0300 fsync time: 0.0231 fsync time: 0.0243 fsync time: 5.0382 fsync time: 5.0400 [... goes on like this ...] That is 5 seconds, not milliseconds. This is even creating IO-latencies on a different VM running on the same host and datastore: root@grml /mnt/sda/ioping-0.5 # ./ioping -i 0.3 -p 20 . 4096 bytes from . (reiserfs /dev/sda): request=1 time=7.2 ms 4096 bytes from . (reiserfs /dev/sda): request=2 time=0.9 ms 4096 bytes from . (reiserfs /dev/sda): request=3 time=0.9 ms 4096 bytes from . (reiserfs /dev/sda): request=4 time=0.9 ms 4096 bytes from . (reiserfs /dev/sda): request=5 time=4809.0 ms 4096 bytes from . (reiserfs /dev/sda): request=6 time=1.0 ms 4096 bytes from . (reiserfs /dev/sda): request=7 time=1.2 ms 4096 bytes from . (reiserfs /dev/sda): request=8 time=1.1 ms 4096 bytes from . (reiserfs /dev/sda): request=9 time=1.3 ms 4096 bytes from . (reiserfs /dev/sda): request=10 time=1.2 ms 4096 bytes from . (reiserfs /dev/sda): request=11 time=1.0 ms 4096 bytes from . (reiserfs /dev/sda): request=12 time=4950.0 ms When I move the first VM to local storage it looks perfectly normal: root@dynip211 /mnt/sda # ./fsync-tester fsync time: 0.0191 fsync time: 0.0201 fsync time: 0.0203 fsync time: 0.0206 fsync time: 0.0192 fsync time: 0.0231 fsync time: 0.0201 [... tried that for one hour: no spike ...] Things I've tried that made no difference: Tested several ESXi Builds: 381591, 348481, 260247 Tested on different hardware, different Intel and AMD boxes Tested with different NFS servers, all show the same behavior: OpenIndiana b147 (ZFS sync always or disabled: no difference) OpenIndiana b148 (ZFS sync always or disabled: no difference) Linux 2.6.32 (sync or async: no difference) It makes no difference if the NFS server is on the same machine (as a virtual storage appliance) or on a different host Guest OS tested, showing problems: Windows 7 64 Bit (using CrystalDiskMark, latency spikes happen mostly during preparing phase) Linux 2.6.32 (fsync-tester + ioping) Linux 2.6.38 (fsync-tester + ioping) I could not reproduce this problem on Linux 2.6.18 VMs. Another workaround is to use virtual IDE disks (vs SCSI/SAS), but that is limiting performance and the number of drives per VM. Update 2011-06-30: The latency spikes seem to happen more often if the application writes in multiple small blocks before fsync. For example fsync-tester does this (strace output): pwrite(3, "aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa"..., 1048576, 0) = 1048576 fsync(3) = 0 ioping does this while preparing the file: [lots of pwrites] pwrite(3, "********************************"..., 4096, 1036288) = 4096 pwrite(3, "********************************"..., 4096, 1040384) = 4096 pwrite(3, "********************************"..., 4096, 1044480) = 4096 fsync(3) = 0 The setup phase of ioping almost always hangs, while fsync-tester sometimes works fine. Is someone capable of updating fsync-tester to write multiple small blocks? My C skills suck ;) Update 2011-07-02: This problem does not occur with iSCSI. I tried this with the OpenIndiana COMSTAR iSCSI server. But iSCSI does not give you easy access to the VMDK files so you can move them between hosts with snapshots and rsync. Update 2011-07-06: This is part of a wireshark capture, captured by a third VM on the same vSwitch. This all happens on the same host, no physical network involved. I've started ioping around time 20. There were no packets sent until the five second delay was over: No. Time Source Destination Protocol Info 1082 16.164096 192.168.250.10 192.168.250.20 NFS V3 WRITE Call (Reply In 1085), FH:0x3eb56466 Offset:0 Len:84 FILE_SYNC 1083 16.164112 192.168.250.10 192.168.250.20 NFS V3 WRITE Call (Reply In 1086), FH:0x3eb56f66 Offset:0 Len:84 FILE_SYNC 1084 16.166060 192.168.250.20 192.168.250.10 TCP nfs > iclcnet-locate [ACK] Seq=445 Ack=1057 Win=32806 Len=0 TSV=432016 TSER=769110 1085 16.167678 192.168.250.20 192.168.250.10 NFS V3 WRITE Reply (Call In 1082) Len:84 FILE_SYNC 1086 16.168280 192.168.250.20 192.168.250.10 NFS V3 WRITE Reply (Call In 1083) Len:84 FILE_SYNC 1087 16.168417 192.168.250.10 192.168.250.20 TCP iclcnet-locate > nfs [ACK] Seq=1057 Ack=773 Win=4163 Len=0 TSV=769110 TSER=432016 1088 23.163028 192.168.250.10 192.168.250.20 NFS V3 GETATTR Call (Reply In 1089), FH:0x0bb04963 1089 23.164541 192.168.250.20 192.168.250.10 NFS V3 GETATTR Reply (Call In 1088) Directory mode:0777 uid:0 gid:0 1090 23.274252 192.168.250.10 192.168.250.20 TCP iclcnet-locate > nfs [ACK] Seq=1185 Ack=889 Win=4163 Len=0 TSV=769821 TSER=432716 1091 24.924188 192.168.250.10 192.168.250.20 RPC Continuation 1092 24.924210 192.168.250.10 192.168.250.20 RPC Continuation 1093 24.924216 192.168.250.10 192.168.250.20 RPC Continuation 1094 24.924225 192.168.250.10 192.168.250.20 RPC Continuation 1095 24.924555 192.168.250.20 192.168.250.10 TCP nfs > iclcnet_svinfo [ACK] Seq=6893 Ack=1118613 Win=32625 Len=0 TSV=432892 TSER=769986 1096 24.924626 192.168.250.10 192.168.250.20 RPC Continuation 1097 24.924635 192.168.250.10 192.168.250.20 RPC Continuation 1098 24.924643 192.168.250.10 192.168.250.20 RPC Continuation 1099 24.924649 192.168.250.10 192.168.250.20 RPC Continuation 1100 24.924653 192.168.250.10 192.168.250.20 RPC Continuation 2nd Update 2011-07-06: There seems to be some influence from TCP window sizes. I was not able to reproduce this problem using FreeNAS (based on FreeBSD) as a NFS server. The wireshark captures showed TCP window updates to 29127 bytes in regular intervals. I did not see them with OpenIndiana, which uses larger window sizes by default. I can no longer reproduce this problem if I set the following options in OpenIndiana and restart the NFS server: ndd -set /dev/tcp tcp_recv_hiwat 8192 # default is 128000 ndd -set /dev/tcp tcp_max_buf 1048575 # default is 1048576 But this kills performance: Writing from /dev/zero to a file with dd_rescue goes from 170MB/s to 80MB/s. Update 2011-07-07: I've uploaded this tcpdump capture (can be analyzed with wireshark). In this case 192.168.250.2 is the NFS server (OpenIndiana b148) and 192.168.250.10 is the ESXi host. Things I've tested during this capture: Started "ioping -w 5 -i 0.2 ." at time 30, 5 second hang in setup, completed at time 40. Started "ioping -w 5 -i 0.2 ." at time 60, 5 second hang in setup, completed at time 70. Started "fsync-tester" at time 90, with the following output, stopped at time 120: fsync time: 0.0248 fsync time: 5.0197 fsync time: 5.0287 fsync time: 5.0242 fsync time: 5.0225 fsync time: 0.0209 2nd Update 2011-07-07: Tested another NFS server VM, this time NexentaStor 3.0.5 community edition: Shows the same problems. Update 2011-07-31: I can also reproduce this problem on the new ESXi build 4.1.0.433742.

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• problems mounting an external IDE drive via USB in ubuntu

  - by Roy Rico

  I am having a problem connecting a specific IDE drive to my linux box. It's an old drive which I just want to get about 3 GB of files off of. INFO I am trying to connect a 200GB IDE Maxtor Drive, internally and externally... externally: I am using an self powered USB IDE external drive enclosure which I have used to connect various drives, under ubuntu and windows, in the past. The other posts stated it coudl be a problem I think i may have formatted the /dev/sdc partition instead of /dev/sdc1 partition when i originally formatted the drive. internally: I only have one machine left that has an internal IDE interface, and it's got XP on it. I plugged this drive internally into this machine with windows XP and used the ext2/ext3 drivers to mount this drive, but some files have question marks (?) in the file names which is messing up my copy process in windows. I can't delete the files under windows. Ubuntu Linux will not install on my only remaining machine that has IDE controller. I have tried the suggestions in the questions below http://superuser.com/questions/88182/mount-an-external-drive-in-ubuntu http://superuser.com/questions/23210/ubuntu-fails-to-mount-usb-drive it looks like i can see the drive in /proc/partitions $ cat /proc/partitions major minor #blocks name 8 0 78125000 sda 8 1 74894998 sda1 8 2 1 sda2 8 5 3229033 sda5 8 16 199148544 sdb <-- could be my drive? but it's not listed under fdisk -l $ fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda: 80.0 GB, 80000000000 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9726 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Disk identifier: 0xd0f4738c Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 1 9324 74894998+ 83 Linux /dev/sda2 9325 9726 3229065 5 Extended /dev/sda5 9325 9726 3229033+ 82 Linux swap / Solaris and here is my log of /var/log/messages. with a bunch of weird output, can someone let me know what that weird output is? Mar 3 19:49:40 mala kernel: [687455.112029] usb 1-7: new high speed USB device using ehci_hcd and address 3 Mar 3 19:49:41 mala kernel: [687455.248576] usb 1-7: configuration #1 chosen from 1 choice Mar 3 19:49:41 mala kernel: [687455.267450] Initializing USB Mass Storage driver... Mar 3 19:49:41 mala kernel: [687455.269180] scsi4 : SCSI emulation for USB Mass Storage devices Mar 3 19:49:41 mala kernel: [687455.269410] usbcore: registered new interface driver usb-storage Mar 3 19:49:41 mala kernel: [687455.269416] USB Mass Storage support registered. Mar 3 19:49:46 mala kernel: [687460.270917] scsi 4:0:0:0: Direct-Access Maxtor 6 Y200P0 YAR4 PQ: 0 ANSI: 2 Mar 3 19:49:46 mala kernel: [687460.271485] sd 4:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg2 type 0 Mar 3 19:49:46 mala kernel: [687460.278858] sd 4:0:0:0: [sdb] 398297088 512-byte logical blocks: (203 GB/189 GiB) Mar 3 19:49:46 mala kernel: [687460.280866] sd 4:0:0:0: [sdb] Write Protect is off Mar 3 19:50:16 mala kernel: [687460.283784] sdb: Mar 3 19:50:16 mala kernel: [687491.112020] usb 1-7: reset high speed USB device using ehci_hcd and address 3 Mar 3 19:50:47 mala kernel: [687522.120030] usb 1-7: reset high speed USB device using ehci_hcd and address 3 Mar 3 19:51:18 mala kernel: [687553.112034] usb 1-7: reset high speed USB device using ehci_hcd and address 3 Mar 3 19:51:49 mala kernel: [687584.116025] usb 1-7: reset high speed USB device using ehci_hcd and address 3 Mar 3 19:52:02 mala kernel: [687596.170632] type=1505 audit(1267671122.035:31): operation="profile_replace" pid=8426 name=/usr/lib/cups/backend/cups-pdf Mar 3 19:52:02 mala kernel: [687596.171551] type=1505 audit(1267671122.035:32): operation="profile_replace" pid=8426 name=/usr/sbin/cupsd Mar 3 19:52:06 mala kernel: [687600.908056] async/0 D c08145c0 0 7655 2 0x00000000 Mar 3 19:52:06 mala kernel: [687600.908062] e5601d38 00000046 e5774000 c08145c0 e4c2a848 c08145c0 d203973a 0002713d Mar 3 19:52:06 mala kernel: [687600.908072] c08145c0 c08145c0 e4c2a848 c08145c0 00000000 0002713d c08145c0 f0a98c00 Mar 3 19:52:06 mala kernel: [687600.908079] e4c2a5b0 c20125c0 00000002 e5601d80 e5601d44 c056f3be e5601d78 e5601d4c Mar 3 19:52:06 mala kernel: [687600.908087] Call Trace: Mar 3 19:52:06 mala kernel: [687600.908099] [<c056f3be>] io_schedule+0x1e/0x30 Mar 3 19:52:06 mala kernel: [687600.908107] [<c01b2cf5>] sync_page+0x35/0x40 Mar 3 19:52:06 mala kernel: [687600.908111] [<c056f8f7>] __wait_on_bit_lock+0x47/0x90 Mar 3 19:52:06 mala kernel: [687600.908115] [<c01b2cc0>] ? sync_page+0x0/0x40 Mar 3 19:52:06 mala kernel: [687600.908121] [<c020f390>] ? blkdev_readpage+0x0/0x20 Mar 3 19:52:06 mala kernel: [687600.908125] [<c01b2ca9>] __lock_page+0x79/0x80 Mar 3 19:52:06 mala kernel: [687600.908130] [<c015c130>] ? wake_bit_function+0x0/0x50 Mar 3 19:52:06 mala kernel: [687600.908135] [<c01b459f>] read_cache_page_async+0xbf/0xd0 Mar 3 19:52:06 mala kernel: [687600.908139] [<c01b45c2>] read_cache_page+0x12/0x60 Mar 3 19:52:06 mala kernel: [687600.908144] [<c0232dca>] read_dev_sector+0x3a/0x80 Mar 3 19:52:06 mala kernel: [687600.908148] [<c0233d3e>] adfspart_check_ICS+0x1e/0x160 Mar 3 19:52:06 mala kernel: [687600.908152] [<c023339f>] ? disk_name+0xaf/0xc0 Mar 3 19:52:06 mala kernel: [687600.908157] [<c0233d20>] ? adfspart_check_ICS+0x0/0x160 Mar 3 19:52:06 mala kernel: [687600.908161] [<c02334de>] check_partition+0x10e/0x180 Mar 3 19:52:06 mala kernel: [687600.908165] [<c02335f6>] rescan_partitions+0xa6/0x330 Mar 3 19:52:06 mala kernel: [687600.908171] [<c0312472>] ? kobject_get+0x12/0x20 Mar 3 19:52:06 mala kernel: [687600.908175] [<c0312472>] ? kobject_get+0x12/0x20 Mar 3 19:52:06 mala kernel: [687600.908180] [<c039fc43>] ? get_device+0x13/0x20 Mar 3 19:52:06 mala kernel: [687600.908185] [<c03c263f>] ? sd_open+0x5f/0x1b0 Mar 3 19:52:06 mala kernel: [687600.908189] [<c020fda0>] __blkdev_get+0x140/0x310 Mar 3 19:52:06 mala kernel: [687600.908194] [<c020f0ac>] ? bdget+0xec/0x100 Mar 3 19:52:06 mala kernel: [687600.908198] [<c020ff7a>] blkdev_get+0xa/0x10 Mar 3 19:52:06 mala kernel: [687600.908202] [<c0232f30>] register_disk+0x120/0x140 Mar 3 19:52:06 mala kernel: [687600.908207] [<c0308b4d>] ? blk_register_region+0x2d/0x40 Mar 3 19:52:06 mala kernel: [687600.908211] [<c03084f0>] ? exact_match+0x0/0x10 Mar 3 19:52:06 mala kernel: [687600.908216] [<c0308cf0>] add_disk+0x80/0x140 Mar 3 19:52:06 mala kernel: [687600.908221] [<c03084f0>] ? exact_match+0x0/0x10 Mar 3 19:52:06 mala kernel: [687600.908225] [<c0308860>] ? exact_lock+0x0/0x20 Mar 3 19:52:06 mala kernel: [687600.908230] [<c03c53df>] sd_probe_async+0xff/0x1c0

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• Our embedded linux system won't recognize a USB Device if it is plugged in before powerup. Suggestions?

  - by Blaine

  We are developing on a small embedded device. This device us a gumstix overo board running OpenEmbedded linux. We have our development almost completely done, and have run into the strangest of bugs that we can't figure out. We have a USB Device (Spectrophotometer) that has a USB2.0 Connection and an external power supply for the light source. Typical behavior is that you plug in the power supply, then the USB connection to a host. When the usb connection is detected by the device, the device boots up and enables the light source and fan. The device is then able to be used by the host system. The problem is that if the device is plugged into the Gumstix before we turn on the Gumstix, the USB Device apparently is not probed by the system (and hence does not turn on). Under a normal situation, when the connection is initialized by plugging in the usb cable, the spectro turns itself on and becomes available to the system (this can be seen via "lsusb" typically). Neither of these things are happening. There is no device detected via "lsusb" and no dmesg errors of any kind that we can see. It is as if the device is not plugged in. The device does show up and work fine if we unplug the USB cable and plug it back in once the system is booted up. It turns on and shows up on the usb bus, and we can access it with our driver. On any other desktop or laptop, it does not matter if the host system is on or off when we plug in the spectrometer. This behavior is what I would consider to be "normal" - that the usb system is probed and initialized at boot time, and the usb devices come online. In other words, our system is fully functional as long as we plug in the usb device after the system is booted up. Unfortunately this isn't possible in our final product - everything comes on at once. Additional Info: 1) We have tried a flash drive attached to the system when the system is turned off. Booting up the system brings the flash drive online, as expected 2) There are no messages regarding the spectro or usb device (using dmesg). "lsusb" only lists the USB hubs / controllers. It is literally as if the device is not present and not plugged in. 3) We have tried a brand new image from gumstix and an older image from last year. Both images have this problem. This problem exists on all 3 gumstix devices we use. Does anyone have any suggestions? From what I can tell it isn't really possible to do a complete "reboot" of the usb system that is a complete emulation of "unplugging" and "replugging" a usb device. I feel like what is happening is that there is no initial probe on the usb bus that would trigger the usb handshaking, but this is somehow specific to the spectro. This seems to be a kernel issue or at least an issue in how the kernel is initializing the usb subsystem. I'm not really sure though. I have tried the gumstix mailing list, but there doesn't seem to be anyone who has seen this issue before. Any advice or suggestions on where to start looking would be fantastic. Thank you! Blaine output etc. $ uname -a Linux overo 2.6.33 #1 Tue Apr 27 08:35:38 PDT 2010 armv7l GNU/Linux When the system is up and running and spectro is plugged in (working as intended), this is lsusb: Bus 001 Device 116: ID 2457:1022 Device Descriptor: bLength 18 bDescriptorType 1 bcdUSB 2.00 bDeviceClass 0 (Defined at Interface level) bDeviceSubClass 0 bDeviceProtocol 0 bMaxPacketSize0 64 idVendor 0x2457 idProduct 0x1022 bcdDevice 0.02 iManufacturer 1 USB4000 1.01.11 iProduct 2 Ocean Optics USB4000 iSerial 0 bNumConfigurations 1 Configuration Descriptor: bLength 9 bDescriptorType 2 wTotalLength 46 bNumInterfaces 1 bConfigurationValue 1 iConfiguration 0 bmAttributes 0x80 (Bus Powered) MaxPower 400mA Interface Descriptor: bLength 9 bDescriptorType 4 bInterfaceNumber 0 bAlternateSetting 0 bNumEndpoints 4 bInterfaceClass 255 Vendor Specific Class bInterfaceSubClass 0 bInterfaceProtocol 0 iInterface 0 Endpoint Descriptor: bLength 7 bDescriptorType 5 bEndpointAddress 0x01 EP 1 OUT bmAttributes 2 Transfer Type Bulk Synch Type None Usage Type Data wMaxPacketSize 0x0200 1x 512 bytes bInterval 0 Endpoint Descriptor: bLength 7 bDescriptorType 5 bEndpointAddress 0x82 EP 2 IN bmAttributes 2 Transfer Type Bulk Synch Type None Usage Type Data wMaxPacketSize 0x0200 1x 512 bytes bInterval 0 Endpoint Descriptor: bLength 7 bDescriptorType 5 bEndpointAddress 0x86 EP 6 IN bmAttributes 2 Transfer Type Bulk Synch Type None Usage Type Data wMaxPacketSize 0x0200 1x 512 bytes bInterval 0 Endpoint Descriptor: bLength 7 bDescriptorType 5 bEndpointAddress 0x81 EP 1 IN bmAttributes 2 Transfer Type Bulk Synch Type None Usage Type Data wMaxPacketSize 0x0200 1x 512 bytes bInterval 0 Device Qualifier (for other device speed): bLength 10 bDescriptorType 6 bcdUSB 2.00 bDeviceClass 0 (Defined at Interface level) bDeviceSubClass 0 bDeviceProtocol 0 bMaxPacketSize0 64 bNumConfigurations 1 Device Status: 0x0000 (Bus Powered) dmesg output: usb usb1: usb auto-resume hub 1-0:1.0: hub_resume usb usb2: usb auto-resume ehci-omap ehci-omap.0: resume root hub hub 1-0:1.0: state 7 ports 1 chg 0000 evt 0000 hub 2-0:1.0: hub_resume hub 2-0:1.0: state 7 ports 3 chg 0000 evt 0000 hub 1-0:1.0: hub_suspend usb usb1: bus auto-suspend hub 2-0:1.0: hub_suspend usb usb2: bus auto-suspend ehci-omap ehci-omap.0: suspend root hub usb usb2: usb resume ehci-omap ehci-omap.0: resume root hub hub 2-0:1.0: hub_resume ehci-omap ehci-omap.0: GetStatus port 2 status 001803 POWER sig=j CSC CONNECT hub 2-0:1.0: port 2: status 0501 change 0001 hub 2-0:1.0: state 7 ports 3 chg 0004 evt 0000 hub 2-0:1.0: port 2, status 0501, change 0000, 480 Mb/s ehci-omap ehci-omap.0: port 2 high speed ehci-omap ehci-omap.0: GetStatus port 2 status 001005 POWER sig=se0 PE CONNECT usb 2-2: new high speed USB device using ehci-omap and address 2 ehci-omap ehci-omap.0: port 2 high speed ehci-omap ehci-omap.0: GetStatus port 2 status 001005 POWER sig=se0 PE CONNECT usb 2-2: default language 0x0409 usb 2-2: udev 2, busnum 2, minor = 129 usb 2-2: New USB device found, idVendor=2457, idProduct=1022 usb 2-2: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=0 usb 2-2: Product: Ocean Optics USB4000 usb 2-2: Manufacturer: USB4000 1.01.11 usb 2-2: uevent usb 2-2: usb_probe_device usb 2-2: configuration #1 chosen from 1 choice usb 2-2: uevent usb 2-2: adding 2-2:1.0 (config #1, interface 0) usb 2-2:1.0: uevent drivers/usb/core/inode.c: creating file '002' dmesg has nothing to say, and lusb simply lists nothing else but the two default usb controllers / hubs if we plug the device in before the system is turned on.

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• Use DivX settings to encode to mp4 with ffmpeg

  - by sjngm

  I'm used to use VirtualDub to encode a video to AVI container with DivX-codec (and MP3 for audio). Now I'm planning to use ffmpeg to encode videos to MP4 container with h264-codec. What I've figured out is that I need to use libx264 and one of those presets to make anything work. However, I'm amazed about the video bitrate ffmpeg uses for encoding. What I currently have is this little batch file: @ECHO OFF SETLOCAL SET IN=source.avs SET FFMPEG_PATH=C:\Program Files (x86)\ffmpeg SET PRESET=-fpre "%FFMPEG_PATH%\presets\libx264-lossless_slow.ffpreset" SET AUDIO=-acodec libmp3lame -ab 128000 SET VIDEO=-vcodec libx264 -vb 1978000 "%FFMPEG_PATH%\ffmpeg.exe" -i %IN% %AUDIO% %VIDEO% %PRESET% test.mp4 ENDLOCAL With this I tell ffmpeg to use 1978k as the bitrate, but ffmpeg uses 15000k+! I tried other presets, but they don't use my specified bitrate. Here are the presets I have: libx264-baseline.ffpreset libx264-ipod320.ffpreset libx264-ipod640.ffpreset libx264-lossless_fast.ffpreset libx264-lossless_max.ffpreset libx264-lossless_medium.ffpreset libx264-lossless_slow.ffpreset libx264-lossless_slower.ffpreset libx264-lossless_ultrafast.ffpreset ffmpeg version: FFmpeg git-N-29181-ga304071 libavutil 50. 40. 1 / 50. 40. 1 libavcodec 52.120. 0 / 52.120. 0 libavformat 52.108. 0 / 52.108. 0 libavdevice 52. 4. 0 / 52. 4. 0 libavfilter 1. 79. 0 / 1. 79. 0 libswscale 0. 13. 0 / 0. 13. 0 Note that I don't use the latest version as it has problems with spaces in filenames. Here's what seems to be the full parameter list DivX 6.9.2 uses: -bvnn 1978000 -vbv 218691200,100663296,100663296 -dir "C:\Users\sjngm\AppData\Roaming\DivX\DivX Codec" -w -b 1 -use_presets=1 -preset=10 -windowed_fullsearch=2 -thread_delay=1 What command line parameters would that be for ffmpeg? EDIT: Going with slhck's suggestion I tried a new 32-bit version. I have no idea if that is 0.9 or newer, I can't find that info. ffmpeg version N-36890-g67f5650 libavutil 51. 34.100 / 51. 34.100 libavcodec 53. 56.105 / 53. 56.105 libavformat 53. 30.100 / 53. 30.100 libavdevice 53. 4.100 / 53. 4.100 libavfilter 2. 59.100 / 2. 59.100 libswscale 2. 1.100 / 2. 1.100 libswresample 0. 6.100 / 0. 6.100 libpostproc 51. 2.100 / 51. 2.100 I reworked my batch file to look like this (interestingly enough I can't find parameter -vprofile in the documentation): @ECHO OFF SETLOCAL SET IN=VTS_01_1.avs SET FFMPEG_PATH=C:\Program Files (x86)\ffmpeg SET PRESET=-vprofile high -preset veryslow SET AUDIO=-acodec libmp3lame -ab 128000 SET VIDEO=-vcodec libx264 -vb 1978000 "%FFMPEG_PATH%\ffmpeg.exe" -i %IN% %AUDIO% %PRESET% %VIDEO% test.mp4 ENDLOCAL I see that it now uses the bitrate properly (thanks to LongNeckbeard for pointing out that the lossless-stuff ignores the bitrate!). Just in case you wonder how I came up with the 1978000, I'm using this formula which I found valid for DivX-files (I'm guessing the bitrate won't change that much for h264): width * height * 25 * 0.22 / 1000 I'm not sure if the 0.22 correlates with the CRF somehow. Overall I forgot to say the I will use a two-pass scenario, which is why I don't use the CRF here. I will try to read more about this. Currently I'm just trying to get something running that shows me that I'm doing something right (ffmpeg isn't the easiest tool to understand ;)). C:\Program Files (x86)\ffmpeg\ffmpeg.exe" -i VTS_01_1.avs -acodec libmp3lame -ab 128000 -vcodec libx264 -vb 1978000 -vprofile high -preset veryslow test.mp4 The output is now: ffmpeg version N-36890-g67f5650 Copyright (c) 2000-2012 the FFmpeg developers built on Jan 16 2012 21:57:13 with gcc 4.6.2 configuration: --enable-gpl --enable-version3 --disable-w32threads --enable-runtime-cpudetect --enable-avisynth --enable-bzlib --enable-frei0r --enable-libopencore-amrnb --enable-libopencore-amrwb --enable-libfreetype --enable-libgsm --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libopenjpeg --enable-librtmp --enable-libschroedinger --enable-libspeex --enable-libtheora --enable-libvo-aacenc --enable-libvo-amrwbenc --enable-libvorbis --enable-libvpx --enable-libx264 --enable-libxavs --enable-libxvid --enable-zlib libavutil 51. 34.100 / 51. 34.100 libavcodec 53. 56.105 / 53. 56.105 libavformat 53. 30.100 / 53. 30.100 libavdevice 53. 4.100 / 53. 4.100 libavfilter 2. 59.100 / 2. 59.100 libswscale 2. 1.100 / 2. 1.100 libswresample 0. 6.100 / 0. 6.100 libpostproc 51. 2.100 / 51. 2.100 Input #0, avs, from 'VTS_01_1.avs': Duration: 00:58:46.12, start: 0.000000, bitrate: 0 kb/s Stream #0:0: Video: rawvideo (YV12 / 0x32315659), yuv420p, 576x448, 77414 kb/s, 25 tbr, 25 tbn, 25 tbc Stream #0:1: Audio: pcm_s16le ([1][0][0][0] / 0x0001), 48000 Hz, 2 channels, s16, 1536 kb/s File 'test.mp4' already exists. Overwrite ? [y/N] y w:576 h:448 pixfmt:yuv420p tb:1/1000000 sar:0/1 sws_param: [libx264 @ 05A2C400] using cpu capabilities: MMX2 SSE2Fast FastShuffle SSEMisalign LZCNT [libx264 @ 05A2C400] profile High, level 3.1 [libx264 @ 05A2C400] 264 - core 120 r2120 0c7dab9 - H.264/MPEG-4 AVC codec - Copyleft 2003-2011 - http://www.videolan.org/x264.html - options: cabac=1 ref=16 deblock=1:0:0 analyse=0x3:0x133 me=umh subme=10 psy=1 psy_rd=1.00:0.00 mixed_ref=1 me_range=24 chroma_me=1 trellis=2 8x8dct=1 cqm=0 deadzone=21,11 fast_pskip=1 chroma_qp_offset=-2 threads=3 sliced_threads=0 nr=0 decimate=1 interlaced=0 bluray_compat=0 constrained_intra=0 bframes=8 b_pyramid=2 b_adapt=2 b_bias=0 direct=3 weightb=1 open_gop=0 weightp=2 keyint=250 keyint_min=25 scenecut=40 intra_refresh=0 rc_lookahead=60 rc=abr mbtree=1 bitrate=1978 ratetol=1.0 qcomp=0.60 qpmin=0 qpmax=69 qpstep=4 ip_ratio=1.40 aq=1:1.00 Output #0, mp4, to 'test.mp4': Metadata: encoder : Lavf53.30.100 Stream #0:0: Video: h264 (![0][0][0] / 0x0021), yuv420p, 576x448, q=-1--1, 1978 kb/s, 25 tbn, 25 tbc Stream #0:1: Audio: mp3 (i[0][0][0] / 0x0069), 48000 Hz, 2 channels, s16, 128 kb/s Stream mapping: Stream #0:0 -> #0:0 (rawvideo -> libx264) Stream #0:1 -> #0:1 (pcm_s16le -> libmp3lame) Press [q] to stop, [?] for help frame= 0 fps= 0 q=0.0 size= 0kB time=00:00:00.00 bitrate= 0.0kbits/s frame= 0 fps= 0 q=0.0 size= 0kB time=00:00:00.00 bitrate= 0.0kbits/s frame= 0 fps= 0 q=0.0 size= 0kB time=00:00:00.00 bitrate= 0.0kbits/s frame= 3 fps= 1 q=22.0 size= 39kB time=00:00:00.04 bitrate=8063.8kbits/ frame= 8 fps= 2 q=22.0 size= 82kB time=00:00:00.24 bitrate=2801.3kbits/ frame= 13 fps= 3 q=23.0 size= 120kB time=00:00:00.44 bitrate=2229.5kbits/ frame= 16 fps= 4 q=23.0 size= 147kB time=00:00:00.56 bitrate=2156.7kbits/ frame= 20 fps= 4 q=22.0 size= 175kB time=00:00:00.72 bitrate=1987.4kbits/ : video:4387kB audio:273kB global headers:0kB muxing overhead 0.260038% [libx264 @ 05A2C400] frame I:2 Avg QP:19.53 size: 29850 [libx264 @ 05A2C400] frame P:76 Avg QP:22.24 size: 19541 [libx264 @ 05A2C400] frame B:359 Avg QP:25.93 size: 8210 [libx264 @ 05A2C400] consecutive B-frames: 0.5% 0.5% 0.0% 8.2% 17.2% 52.2% 16.0% 5.5% 0.0% [libx264 @ 05A2C400] mb I I16..4: 5.4% 75.3% 19.3% [libx264 @ 05A2C400] mb P I16..4: 1.3% 16.5% 2.2% P16..4: 36.3% 28.6% 12.7% 1.8% 0.2% skip: 0.4% [libx264 @ 05A2C400] mb B I16..4: 0.4% 3.8% 0.3% B16..8: 40.0% 18.4% 4.7% direct:18.5% skip:13.9% L0:45.4% L1:38.1% BI:16.5% [libx264 @ 05A2C400] final ratefactor: 20.35 [libx264 @ 05A2C400] 8x8 transform intra:83.1% inter:68.5% [libx264 @ 05A2C400] direct mvs spatial:99.2% temporal:0.8% [libx264 @ 05A2C400] coded y,uvDC,uvAC intra: 64.9% 83.4% 49.2% inter: 49.0% 50.4% 4.4% [libx264 @ 05A2C400] i16 v,h,dc,p: 25% 22% 27% 26% [libx264 @ 05A2C400] i8 v,h,dc,ddl,ddr,vr,hd,vl,hu: 10% 7% 23% 9% 10% 10% 10%10% 13% [libx264 @ 05A2C400] i4 v,h,dc,ddl,ddr,vr,hd,vl,hu: 12% 11% 13% 9% 12% 11% 10% 9% 12% [libx264 @ 05A2C400] i8c dc,h,v,p: 42% 28% 16% 14% [libx264 @ 05A2C400] Weighted P-Frames: Y:18.4% UV:7.9% [libx264 @ 05A2C400] ref P L0: 29.1% 11.3% 15.7% 7.3% 6.9% 4.9% 5.1% 3.4%3.9% 2.7% 2.8% 1.8% 1.7% 1.2% 1.4% 0.9% [libx264 @ 05A2C400] ref B L0: 68.8% 11.4% 5.5% 2.9% 2.3% 1.9% 1.5% 1.1%1.1% 1.0% 0.9% 0.7% 0.5% 0.3% 0.1% [libx264 @ 05A2C400] ref B L1: 91.9% 8.1% [libx264 @ 05A2C400] kb/s:2055.88 As far as I'm concerned it doesn't look that bad to me.

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