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• Analytics - Where do my drop offs go?

  - by BadCash

  I have a website set up with Google Analytics (through the Wordpress plugin "Google Analytics for WordPress" by Joos de Valk). When I check out the visitors flow in Google Analytics, it shows something like this: (home) - 43% drop-offs /page-2/ - 10% drop-offs ... etc ... I have also set up events for external links. My main "goal" of the website is to drive traffic to my Android app on Google Play, so I have a couple of different links to that that are all set up as events. Everything seems to be working, my events show up when I go to Content - Events in Google Analytics. However, it seems to me that some percentage of the users that are reported as "drop-offs" in fact have clicked on one of the external links. But there's no info about the reason of those drop-offs in the Visitors flow-chart. I can of course check out each specific event category, event action and set "other" to Content/Page, which (I guess) shows the number of visitors who triggered a specific event on a specific page. It just seems like such a complicated way of going about this! So, is there a way to get a more detailed picture, including events, in the Visitors flow chart? Something like: (home) - 43% drop-offs Event Action: "Google Play"=50%, "Youtube"=10%, (not set)=40%

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• Towards Ultra-Reusability for ADF - Adaptive Bindings

  - by Duncan Mills

  The task flow mechanism embodies one of the key value propositions of the ADF Framework, it's primary contribution being the componentization of your applications and implicitly the introduction of a re-use culture, particularly in large applications. However, what if we could do more? How could we make task flows even more re-usable than they are today? Well one great technique is to take advantage of a feature that is already present in the framework, a feature which I will call, for want of a better name, "adaptive bindings". What's an adaptive binding? well consider a simple use case.  I have several screens within my application which display tabular data which are all essentially identical, the only difference is that they happen to be based on different data collections (View Objects, Bean collections, whatever) , and have a different set of columns. Apart from that, however, they happen to be identical; same toolbar, same key functions and so on. So wouldn't it be nice if I could have a single parametrized task flow to represent that type of UI and reuse it? Hold on you say, great idea, however, to do that we'd run into problems. Each different collection that I want to display needs different entries in the pageDef file and: I want to continue to use the ADF Bindings mechanism rather than dropping back to passing the whole collection into the taskflow   If I do use bindings, there is no way I want to have to declare iterators and tree bindings for every possible collection that I might want the flow to handle  Ah, joy! I reply, no need to panic, you can just use adaptive bindings. Defining an Adaptive Binding  It's easiest to explain with a simple before and after use case.  Here's a basic pageDef definition for our familiar Departments table.  <executables> <iterator Binds="DepartmentsView1" DataControl="HRAppModuleDataControl" RangeSize="25"             id="DepartmentsView1Iterator"/> </executables> <bindings> <tree IterBinding="DepartmentsView1Iterator" id="DepartmentsView1">   <nodeDefinition DefName="oracle.demo.model.vo.DepartmentsView" Name="DepartmentsView10">     <AttrNames>       <Item Value="DepartmentId"/>         <Item Value="DepartmentName"/>         <Item Value="ManagerId"/>         <Item Value="LocationId"/>       </AttrNames>     </nodeDefinition> </tree> </bindings>  Here's the adaptive version: <executables> <iterator Binds="${pageFlowScope.voName}" DataControl="HRAppModuleDataControl" RangeSize="25"             id="TableSourceIterator"/> </executables> <bindings> <tree IterBinding="TableSourceIterator" id="GenericView"> <nodeDefinition Name="GenericViewNode"/> </tree> </bindings>  You'll notice three changes here.   Most importantly, you'll see that the hard-coded View Object name  that formally populated the iterator Binds attribute is gone and has been replaced by an expression (${pageFlowScope.voName}). This of course, is key, you can see that we can pass a parameter to the task flow, telling it exactly what VO to instantiate to populate this table! I've changed the IDs of the iterator and the tree binding, simply to reflect that they are now re-usable The tree binding itself has simplified and the node definition is now empty.  Now what this effectively means is that the #{node} map exposed through the tree binding will expose every attribute of the underlying iterator's collection - neat! (kudos to Eugene Fedorenko at this point who reminded me that this was even possible in his excellent "deep dive" session at OpenWorld  this year) Using the adaptive binding in the UI Now we have a parametrized  binding we have to make changes in the UI as well, first of all to reflect the new ID that we've assigned to the binding (of course) but also to change the column list from being a fixed known list to being a generic metadata driven set: <af:table value="#{bindings.GenericView.collectionModel}" rows="#{bindings.GenericView.rangeSize}"         fetchSize="#{bindings.GenericView.rangeSize}"           emptyText="#{bindings.GenericView.viewable ? 'No data to display.' : 'Access Denied.'}"           var="row" rowBandingInterval="0"           selectedRowKeys="#{bindings.GenericView.collectionModel.selectedRow}"           selectionListener="#{bindings.GenericView.collectionModel.makeCurrent}"           rowSelection="single" id="t1"> <af:forEach items="#{bindings.GenericView.attributeDefs}" var="def">   <af:column headerText="#{bindings.GenericView.labels[def.name]}" sortable="true"            sortProperty="#{def.name}" id="c1">     <af:outputText value="#{row[def.name]}" id="ot1"/>     </af:column>   </af:forEach> </af:table> Of course you are not constrained to a simple read only table here.  It's a normal tree binding and iterator that you are using behind the scenes so you can do all the usual things, but you can see the value of using ADFBC as the back end model as you have the rich pantheon of UI hints to use to derive things like labels (and validators and converters...)  One Final Twist  To finish on a high note I wanted to point out that you can take this even further and achieve the ultra-reusability I promised. Here's the new version of the pageDef iterator, see if you can notice the subtle change? <iterator Binds="{pageFlowScope.voName}"  DataControl="${pageFlowScope.dataControlName}" RangeSize="25"           id="TableSourceIterator"/>  Yes, as well as parametrizing the collection (VO) name, we can also parametrize the name of the data control. So your task flow can graduate from being re-usable within an application to being truly generic. So if you have some really common patterns within your app you can wrap them up and reuse then across multiple developments without having to dictate data control names, or connection names. This also demonstrates the importance of interacting with data only via the binding layer APIs. If you keep any code in the task flow generic in that way you can deal with data from multiple types of data controls, not just one flavour. Enjoy!

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• Why is there a /etc/init.d/mysql file on this Slackware machine? How could it have gotten there?

  - by jasonspiro

  A client of my IT-consulting service owns a web-development shop. He's been having problems with a Slackware 12.0 server running MySQL 5.0.67. The machine was set up by the client's sysadmin, who left on bad terms. My client no longer employs a sysadmin. As far as I can tell, the only copy of MySQL that's installed is the one described in /var/log/packages/mysql-5.0.67-i486-1: PACKAGE NAME: mysql-5.0.67-i486-1 COMPRESSED PACKAGE SIZE: 16828 K UNCOMPRESSED PACKAGE SIZE: 33840 K PACKAGE LOCATION: /var/slapt-get/archives/./slackware/ap/mysql-5.0.67-i486-1.tgz PACKAGE DESCRIPTION: mysql: mysql (SQL-based relational database server) mysql: mysql: MySQL is a fast, multi-threaded, multi-user, and robust SQL mysql: (Structured Query Language) database server. It comes with a nice API mysql: which makes it easy to integrate into other applications. mysql: mysql: The home page for MySQL is http://www.mysql.com/ mysql: mysql: mysql: mysql: FILE LIST: ./ var/ var/lib/ var/lib/mysql/ var/run/ var/run/mysql/ install/ install/doinst.sh install/slack-desc usr/ usr/include/ usr/include/mysql/ usr/include/mysql/my_alloc.h usr/include/mysql/sql_common.h usr/include/mysql/my_dbug.h usr/include/mysql/errmsg.h usr/include/mysql/my_pthread.h usr/include/mysql/my_list.h usr/include/mysql/mysql.h usr/include/mysql/sslopt-vars.h usr/include/mysql/my_config.h usr/include/mysql/mysql_com.h usr/include/mysql/m_string.h usr/include/mysql/sslopt-case.h usr/include/mysql/my_xml.h usr/include/mysql/sql_state.h usr/include/mysql/my_global.h usr/include/mysql/my_sys.h usr/include/mysql/mysqld_ername.h usr/include/mysql/mysqld_error.h usr/include/mysql/sslopt-longopts.h usr/include/mysql/keycache.h usr/include/mysql/my_net.h usr/include/mysql/mysql_version.h usr/include/mysql/my_no_pthread.h usr/include/mysql/decimal.h usr/include/mysql/readline.h usr/include/mysql/my_attribute.h usr/include/mysql/typelib.h usr/include/mysql/my_dir.h usr/include/mysql/raid.h usr/include/mysql/m_ctype.h usr/include/mysql/mysql_embed.h usr/include/mysql/mysql_time.h usr/include/mysql/my_getopt.h usr/lib/ usr/lib/mysql/ usr/lib/mysql/libmysqlclient_r.so.15.0.0 usr/lib/mysql/libmysqlclient_r.la usr/lib/mysql/libmyisammrg.a usr/lib/mysql/libmystrings.a usr/lib/mysql/libmyisam.a usr/lib/mysql/libmysqlclient.so.15.0.0 usr/lib/mysql/libmysqlclient_r.a usr/lib/mysql/libmysqlclient.a usr/lib/mysql/libheap.a usr/lib/mysql/libvio.a usr/lib/mysql/libmysqlclient.la usr/lib/mysql/libmysys.a usr/lib/mysql/libdbug.a usr/bin/ usr/bin/comp_err usr/bin/my_print_defaults usr/bin/resolve_stack_dump usr/bin/msql2mysql usr/bin/mysqltestmanager-pwgen usr/bin/myisampack usr/bin/replace usr/bin/mysqld_multi usr/bin/mysqlaccess usr/bin/mysql_install_db usr/bin/innochecksum usr/bin/myisam_ftdump usr/bin/mysqlcheck usr/bin/mysqltest usr/bin/mysql_upgrade_shell usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation usr/bin/mysql_fix_extensions usr/bin/mysqld_safe usr/bin/mysql_explain_log usr/bin/mysqlimport usr/bin/myisamlog usr/bin/mysql_tzinfo_to_sql usr/bin/mysql_upgrade usr/bin/mysqltestmanager usr/bin/mysql_fix_privilege_tables usr/bin/mysql_find_rows usr/bin/mysql_convert_table_format usr/bin/mysqltestmanagerc usr/bin/mysqlhotcopy usr/bin/mysqldump usr/bin/mysqlshow usr/bin/mysqlbug usr/bin/mysql_config usr/bin/mysqldumpslow usr/bin/mysql_waitpid usr/bin/mysqlbinlog usr/bin/mysql_client_test usr/bin/perror usr/bin/mysql usr/bin/myisamchk usr/bin/mysql_setpermission usr/bin/mysqladmin usr/bin/mysql_zap usr/bin/mysql_tableinfo usr/bin/resolveip usr/share/ usr/share/mysql/ usr/share/mysql/errmsg.txt usr/share/mysql/swedish/ usr/share/mysql/swedish/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/mysql_system_tables_data.sql usr/share/mysql/mysql.server usr/share/mysql/hungarian/ usr/share/mysql/hungarian/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/norwegian/ usr/share/mysql/norwegian/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/slovak/ usr/share/mysql/slovak/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/spanish/ usr/share/mysql/spanish/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/polish/ usr/share/mysql/polish/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/ukrainian/ usr/share/mysql/ukrainian/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/danish/ usr/share/mysql/danish/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/romanian/ usr/share/mysql/romanian/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/english/ usr/share/mysql/english/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/charsets/ usr/share/mysql/charsets/latin2.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/greek.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/koi8r.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/latin1.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/cp866.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/geostd8.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/cp1250.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/koi8u.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/cp852.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/hebrew.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/latin7.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/README usr/share/mysql/charsets/ascii.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/cp1251.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/macce.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/latin5.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/Index.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/macroman.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/cp1256.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/keybcs2.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/swe7.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/armscii8.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/dec8.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/cp1257.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/hp8.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/cp850.xml usr/share/mysql/korean/ usr/share/mysql/korean/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/german/ usr/share/mysql/german/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/mi_test_all.res usr/share/mysql/greek/ usr/share/mysql/greek/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/french/ usr/share/mysql/french/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/mysql_fix_privilege_tables.sql usr/share/mysql/dutch/ usr/share/mysql/dutch/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/serbian/ usr/share/mysql/serbian/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/mysql_system_tables.sql usr/share/mysql/my-huge.cnf usr/share/mysql/portuguese/ usr/share/mysql/portuguese/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/japanese/ usr/share/mysql/japanese/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/mysql_test_data_timezone.sql usr/share/mysql/russian/ usr/share/mysql/russian/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/czech/ usr/share/mysql/czech/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/fill_help_tables.sql usr/share/mysql/estonian/ usr/share/mysql/estonian/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/my-medium.cnf usr/share/mysql/norwegian-ny/ usr/share/mysql/norwegian-ny/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/my-small.cnf usr/share/mysql/mysql-log-rotate usr/share/mysql/italian/ usr/share/mysql/italian/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/my-large.cnf usr/share/mysql/ndb-config-2-node.ini usr/share/mysql/binary-configure usr/share/mysql/mi_test_all usr/share/mysql/mysqld_multi.server usr/share/mysql/my-innodb-heavy-4G.cnf usr/doc/ usr/doc/mysql-5.0.67/ usr/doc/mysql-5.0.67/README usr/doc/mysql-5.0.67/Docs/ usr/doc/mysql-5.0.67/Docs/INSTALL-BINARY usr/doc/mysql-5.0.67/COPYING usr/info/ usr/info/mysql.info.gz usr/libexec/ usr/libexec/mysqld usr/libexec/mysqlmanager usr/man/ usr/man/man8/ usr/man/man8/mysqlmanager.8.gz usr/man/man8/mysqld.8.gz usr/man/man1/ usr/man/man1/mysql_zap.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql_setpermission.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql_tzinfo_to_sql.1.gz usr/man/man1/msql2mysql.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql_tableinfo.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql_explain_log.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysqlcheck.1.gz usr/man/man1/comp_err.1.gz usr/man/man1/my_print_defaults.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysqlbinlog.1.gz usr/man/man1/myisam_ftdump.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql_upgrade.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql_client_test.1.gz usr/man/man1/resolve_stack_dump.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql_fix_extensions.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysqlmanagerc.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql_config.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysqlshow.1.gz usr/man/man1/myisamlog.1.gz usr/man/man1/replace.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysqlmanager-pwgen.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysqltest.1.gz usr/man/man1/innochecksum.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysqladmin.1.gz usr/man/man1/perror.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql_waitpid.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql_convert_table_format.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysqlman.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysqlimport.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysqlbug.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql_find_rows.1.gz usr/man/man1/myisampack.1.gz usr/man/man1/myisamchk.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql_fix_privilege_tables.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql-stress-test.pl.1.gz usr/man/man1/resolveip.1.gz usr/man/man1/make_win_bin_dist.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysqlhotcopy.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysqld_multi.1.gz usr/man/man1/safe_mysqld.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql_secure_installation.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql_install_db.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysqldump.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql-test-run.pl.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysqld_safe.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysqlaccess.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql.server.1.gz usr/man/man1/make_win_src_distribution.1.gz etc/ etc/rc.d/ etc/rc.d/rc.mysqld.new etc/my-huge.cnf etc/my-medium.cnf etc/my-small.cnf etc/my-large.cnf /etc/rc.d/rc.mysqld is an ordinary Slackware-type start/stop script: #!/bin/sh # Start/stop/restart mysqld. # # Copyright 2003 Patrick J. Volkerding, Concord, CA # Copyright 2003 Slackware Linux, Inc., Concord, CA # # This program comes with NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law. # You may redistribute copies of this program under the terms of the # GNU General Public License. # To start MySQL automatically at boot, be sure this script is executable: # chmod 755 /etc/rc.d/rc.mysqld # Before you can run MySQL, you must have a database. To install an initial # database, do this as root: # # su - mysql # mysql_install_db # # Note that step one is becoming the mysql user. It's important to do this # before making any changes to the database, or mysqld won't be able to write # to it later (this can be fixed with 'chown -R mysql.mysql /var/lib/mysql'). # To allow outside connections to the database comment out the next line. # If you don't need incoming network connections, then leave the line # uncommented to improve system security. #SKIP="--skip-networking" # Start mysqld: mysqld_start() { if [ -x /usr/bin/mysqld_safe ]; then # If there is an old PID file (no mysqld running), clean it up: if [ -r /var/run/mysql/mysql.pid ]; then if ! ps axc | grep mysqld 1> /dev/null 2> /dev/null ; then echo "Cleaning up old /var/run/mysql/mysql.pid." rm -f /var/run/mysql/mysql.pid fi fi /usr/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --pid-file=/var/run/mysql/mysql.pid $SKIP & fi } # Stop mysqld: mysqld_stop() { # If there is no PID file, ignore this request... if [ -r /var/run/mysql/mysql.pid ]; then killall mysqld # Wait at least one minute for it to exit, as we don't know how big the DB is... for second in 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 \ 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 60 ; do if [ ! -r /var/run/mysql/mysql.pid ]; then break; fi sleep 1 done if [ "$second" = "60" ]; then echo "WARNING: Gave up waiting for mysqld to exit!" sleep 15 fi fi } # Restart mysqld: mysqld_restart() { mysqld_stop mysqld_start } case "$1" in 'start') mysqld_start ;; 'stop') mysqld_stop ;; 'restart') mysqld_restart ;; *) echo "usage $0 start|stop|restart" esac But there's also an unexpected init script on the machine, named /etc/init.d/mysql: #!/bin/sh # Copyright Abandoned 1996 TCX DataKonsult AB & Monty Program KB & Detron HB # This file is public domain and comes with NO WARRANTY of any kind # MySQL daemon start/stop script. # Usually this is put in /etc/init.d (at least on machines SYSV R4 based # systems) and linked to /etc/rc3.d/S99mysql and /etc/rc0.d/K01mysql. # When this is done the mysql server will be started when the machine is # started and shut down when the systems goes down. # Comments to support chkconfig on RedHat Linux # chkconfig: 2345 64 36 # description: A very fast and reliable SQL database engine. # Comments to support LSB init script conventions ### BEGIN INIT INFO # Provides: mysql # Required-Start: $local_fs $network $remote_fs # Should-Start: ypbind nscd ldap ntpd xntpd # Required-Stop: $local_fs $network $remote_fs # Default-Start: 2 3 4 5 # Default-Stop: 0 1 6 # Short-Description: start and stop MySQL # Description: MySQL is a very fast and reliable SQL database engine. ### END INIT INFO # If you install MySQL on some other places than /usr, then you # have to do one of the following things for this script to work: # # - Run this script from within the MySQL installation directory # - Create a /etc/my.cnf file with the following information: # [mysqld] # basedir=<path-to-mysql-installation-directory> # - Add the above to any other configuration file (for example ~/.my.ini) # and copy my_print_defaults to /usr/bin # - Add the path to the mysql-installation-directory to the basedir variable # below. # # If you want to affect other MySQL variables, you should make your changes # in the /etc/my.cnf, ~/.my.cnf or other MySQL configuration files. # If you change base dir, you must also change datadir. These may get # overwritten by settings in the MySQL configuration files. #basedir= #datadir= # Default value, in seconds, afterwhich the script should timeout waiting # for server start. # Value here is overriden by value in my.cnf. # 0 means don't wait at all # Negative numbers mean to wait indefinitely service_startup_timeout=900 # The following variables are only set for letting mysql.server find things. # Set some defaults pid_file=/var/run/mysql/mysql.pid server_pid_file=/var/run/mysql/mysql.pid use_mysqld_safe=1 user=mysql if test -z "$basedir" then basedir=/usr bindir=/usr/bin if test -z "$datadir" then datadir=/var/lib/mysql fi sbindir=/usr/sbin libexecdir=/usr/libexec else bindir="$basedir/bin" if test -z "$datadir" then datadir="$basedir/data" fi sbindir="$basedir/sbin" libexecdir="$basedir/libexec" fi # datadir_set is used to determine if datadir was set (and so should be # *not* set inside of the --basedir= handler.) datadir_set= # # Use LSB init script functions for printing messages, if possible # lsb_functions="/lib/lsb/init-functions" if test -f $lsb_functions ; then . $lsb_functions else log_success_msg() { echo " SUCCESS! $@" } log_failure_msg() { echo " ERROR! $@" } fi PATH=/sbin:/usr/sbin:/bin:/usr/bin:$basedir/bin export PATH mode=$1 # start or stop shift other_args="$*" # uncommon, but needed when called from an RPM upgrade action # Expected: "--skip-networking --skip-grant-tables" # They are not checked here, intentionally, as it is the resposibility # of the "spec" file author to give correct arguments only. case `echo "testing\c"`,`echo -n testing` in *c*,-n*) echo_n= echo_c= ;; *c*,*) echo_n=-n echo_c= ;; *) echo_n= echo_c='\c' ;; esac parse_server_arguments() { for arg do case "$arg" in --basedir=*) basedir=`echo "$arg" | sed -e 's/^[^=]*=//'` bindir="$basedir/bin" if test -z "$datadir_set"; then datadir="$basedir/data" fi sbindir="$basedir/sbin" libexecdir="$basedir/libexec" ;; --datadir=*) datadir=`echo "$arg" | sed -e 's/^[^=]*=//'` datadir_set=1 ;; --user=*) user=`echo "$arg" | sed -e 's/^[^=]*=//'` ;; --pid-file=*) server_pid_file=`echo "$arg" | sed -e 's/^[^=]*=//'` ;; --service-startup-timeout=*) service_startup_timeout=`echo "$arg" | sed -e 's/^[^=]*=//'` ;; --use-mysqld_safe) use_mysqld_safe=1;; --use-manager) use_mysqld_safe=0;; esac done } parse_manager_arguments() { for arg do case "$arg" in --pid-file=*) pid_file=`echo "$arg" | sed -e 's/^[^=]*=//'` ;; --user=*) user=`echo "$arg" | sed -e 's/^[^=]*=//'` ;; esac done } wait_for_pid () { verb="$1" manager_pid="$2" # process ID of the program operating on the pid-file i=0 avoid_race_condition="by checking again" while test $i -ne $service_startup_timeout ; do case "$verb" in 'created') # wait for a PID-file to pop into existence. test -s $pid_file && i='' && break ;; 'removed') # wait for this PID-file to disappear test ! -s $pid_file && i='' && break ;; *) echo "wait_for_pid () usage: wait_for_pid created|removed manager_pid" exit 1 ;; esac # if manager isn't running, then pid-file will never be updated if test -n "$manager_pid"; then if kill -0 "$manager_pid" 2>/dev/null; then : # the manager still runs else # The manager may have exited between the last pid-file check and now. if test -n "$avoid_race_condition"; then avoid_race_condition="" continue # Check again. fi # there's nothing that will affect the file. log_failure_msg "Manager of pid-file quit without updating file." return 1 # not waiting any more. fi fi echo $echo_n ".$echo_c" i=`expr $i + 1` sleep 1 done if test -z "$i" ; then log_success_msg return 0 else log_failure_msg return 1 fi } # Get arguments from the my.cnf file, # the only group, which is read from now on is [mysqld] if test -x ./bin/my_print_defaults then print_defaults="./bin/my_print_defaults" elif test -x $bindir/my_print_defaults then print_defaults="$bindir/my_print_defaults" elif test -x $bindir/mysql_print_defaults then print_defaults="$bindir/mysql_print_defaults" else # Try to find basedir in /etc/my.cnf conf=/etc/my.cnf print_defaults= if test -r $conf then subpat='^[^=]*basedir[^=]*=\(.*\)$' dirs=`sed -e "/$subpat/!d" -e 's//\1/' $conf` for d in $dirs do d=`echo $d | sed -e 's/[ ]//g'` if test -x "$d/bin/my_print_defaults" then print_defaults="$d/bin/my_print_defaults" break fi if test -x "$d/bin/mysql_print_defaults" then print_defaults="$d/bin/mysql_print_defaults" break fi done fi # Hope it's in the PATH ... but I doubt it test -z "$print_defaults" && print_defaults="my_print_defaults" fi # # Read defaults file from 'basedir'. If there is no defaults file there # check if it's in the old (depricated) place (datadir) and read it from there # extra_args="" if test -r "$basedir/my.cnf" then extra_args="-e $basedir/my.cnf" else if test -r "$datadir/my.cnf" then extra_args="-e $datadir/my.cnf" fi fi parse_server_arguments `$print_defaults $extra_args mysqld server mysql_server mysql.server` # Look for the pidfile parse_manager_arguments `$print_defaults $extra_args manager` # # Set pid file if not given # if test -z "$pid_file" then pid_file=$datadir/mysqlmanager-`/bin/hostname`.pid else case "$pid_file" in /* ) ;; * ) pid_file="$datadir/$pid_file" ;; esac fi if test -z "$server_pid_file" then server_pid_file=$datadir/`/bin/hostname`.pid else case "$server_pid_file" in /* ) ;; * ) server_pid_file="$datadir/$server_pid_file" ;; esac fi case "$mode" in 'start') # Start daemon # Safeguard (relative paths, core dumps..) cd $basedir manager=$bindir/mysqlmanager if test -x $libexecdir/mysqlmanager then manager=$libexecdir/mysqlmanager elif test -x $sbindir/mysqlmanager then manager=$sbindir/mysqlmanager fi echo $echo_n "Starting MySQL" if test -x $manager -a "$use_mysqld_safe" = "0" then if test -n "$other_args" then log_failure_msg "MySQL manager does not support options '$other_args'" exit 1 fi # Give extra arguments to mysqld with the my.cnf file. This script may # be overwritten at next upgrade. $manager --user=$user --pid-file=$pid_file >/dev/null 2>&1 & wait_for_pid created $!; return_value=$? # Make lock for RedHat / SuSE if test -w /var/lock/subsys then touch /var/lock/subsys/mysqlmanager fi exit $return_value elif test -x $bindir/mysqld_safe then # Give extra arguments to mysqld with the my.cnf file. This script # may be overwritten at next upgrade. pid_file=$server_pid_file $bindir/mysqld_safe --datadir=$datadir --pid-file=$server_pid_file $other_args >/dev/null 2>&1 & wait_for_pid created $!; return_value=$? # Make lock for RedHat / SuSE if test -w /var/lock/subsys then touch /var/lock/subsys/mysql fi exit $return_value else log_failure_msg "Couldn't find MySQL manager ($manager) or server ($bindir/mysqld_safe)" fi ;; 'stop') # Stop daemon. We use a signal here to avoid having to know the # root password. # The RedHat / SuSE lock directory to remove lock_dir=/var/lock/subsys/mysqlmanager # If the manager pid_file doesn't exist, try the server's if test ! -s "$pid_file" then pid_file=$server_pid_file lock_dir=/var/lock/subsys/mysql fi if test -s "$pid_file" then mysqlmanager_pid=`cat $pid_file` echo $echo_n "Shutting down MySQL" kill $mysqlmanager_pid # mysqlmanager should remove the pid_file when it exits, so wait for it. wait_for_pid removed "$mysqlmanager_pid"; return_value=$? # delete lock for RedHat / SuSE if test -f $lock_dir then rm -f $lock_dir fi exit $return_value else log_failure_msg "MySQL manager or server PID file could not be found!" fi ;; 'restart') # Stop the service and regardless of whether it was # running or not, start it again. if $0 stop $other_args; then $0 start $other_args else log_failure_msg "Failed to stop running server, so refusing to try to start." exit 1 fi ;; 'reload'|'force-reload') if test -s "$server_pid_file" ; then read mysqld_pid < $server_pid_file kill -HUP $mysqld_pid && log_success_msg "Reloading service MySQL" touch $server_pid_file else log_failure_msg "MySQL PID file could not be found!" exit 1 fi ;; 'status') # First, check to see if pid file exists if test -s "$server_pid_file" ; then read mysqld_pid < $server_pid_file if kill -0 $mysqld_pid 2>/dev/null ; then log_success_msg "MySQL running ($mysqld_pid)" exit 0 else log_failure_msg "MySQL is not running, but PID file exists" exit 1 fi else # Try to find appropriate mysqld process mysqld_pid=`pidof $sbindir/mysqld` if test -z $mysqld_pid ; then if test "$use_mysqld_safe" = "0" ; then lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/mysqlmanager else lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/mysql fi if test -f $lockfile ; then log_failure_msg "MySQL is not running, but lock exists" exit 2 fi log_failure_msg "MySQL is not running" exit 3 else log_failure_msg "MySQL is running but PID file could not be found" exit 4 fi fi ;; *) # usage echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop|restart|reload|force-reload|status} [ MySQL server options ]" exit 1 ;; esac exit 0 An unimportant aside: The previous users of the machine kept a messy home directory. Their home directory was /root. I've pasted a copy at http://www.pastebin.ca/2167496. My question: Why is there a /etc/init.d/mysql file on this Slackware machine? How could it have gotten there? P.S. This question is far from perfect. Please feel free to edit it.

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• why i failed to build vsftp?

  - by hugemeow

  make, then failed with the following message. the main point is /lib/libcap.so.1: could not read symbols: File in wrong format, confusing... gcc -c readwrite.c -O2 -Wall -W -Wshadow -idirafter dummyinc gcc -c opts.c -O2 -Wall -W -Wshadow -idirafter dummyinc gcc -c ssl.c -O2 -Wall -W -Wshadow -idirafter dummyinc gcc -c sslslave.c -O2 -Wall -W -Wshadow -idirafter dummyinc gcc -c ptracesandbox.c -O2 -Wall -W -Wshadow -idirafter dummyinc gcc -c ftppolicy.c -O2 -Wall -W -Wshadow -idirafter dummyinc gcc -c sysutil.c -O2 -Wall -W -Wshadow -idirafter dummyinc gcc -c sysdeputil.c -O2 -Wall -W -Wshadow -idirafter dummyinc gcc -o vsftpd main.o utility.o prelogin.o ftpcmdio.o postlogin.o privsock.o tunables.o ftpdataio.o secbuf.o ls.o postprivparent.o logging.o str.o netstr.o sysstr.o strlist.o banner.o filestr.o parseconf.o secutil.o ascii.o oneprocess.o twoprocess.o privops.o standalone.o hash.o tcpwrap.o ipaddrparse.o access.o features.o readwrite.o opts.o ssl.o sslslave.o ptracesandbox.o ftppolicy.o sysutil.o sysdeputil.o -Wl,-s `./vsf_findlibs.sh` /lib/libcap.so.1: could not read symbols: File in wrong format collect2: ld returned 1 exit status make: *** [vsftpd] Error 1 [mirror@hugemeow vsftpd]$ ls /lib/libc libc-2.5.so libcap.so.1.10 libcidn.so.1 libcom_err.so.2.1 libcrypto.so.0.9.8e libcrypt.so.1 libcap.so.1 libcidn-2.5.so libcom_err.so.2 libcrypt-2.5.so libcrypto.so.6 libc.so.6 [mirror@hugemeow vsftpd]$ ls /lib/libc libc-2.5.so libcap.so.1.10 libcidn.so.1 libcom_err.so.2.1 libcrypto.so.0.9.8e libcrypt.so.1 libcap.so.1 libcidn-2.5.so libcom_err.so.2 libcrypt-2.5.so libcrypto.so.6 libc.so.6 [mirror@hugemeow vsftpd]$ ls /lib/libcap.so.1 -l lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 14 Mar 20 2012 /lib/libcap.so.1 -> libcap.so.1.10 [mirror@hugemeow vsftpd]$ ls /lib/libcap.so.1 -lh lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 14 Mar 20 2012 /lib/libcap.so.1 -> libcap.so.1.10 [mirror@hugemeow vsftpd]$ ls /lib/libcap.so.1 -lhL -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 12K Mar 15 2007 /lib/libcap.so.1 this may have something to do with 64 bit system, but i have make modification to vsf_findlibs.sh 48 # Look for libcap (capabilities) 49 if locate_library /lib64/libcap.so.1; then 50 echo "/lib/libcap.so.1"; 51 elif locate_library /lib64/libcap.so.2; then 52 echo "/lib/libcap.so.2"; 53 else 54 # locate_library /usr/lib/libcap.so && echo "-lcap"; 55 # locate_library /lib/libcap.so && echo "-lcap"; 56 locate_library /lib64/libcap.so.1 && echo "-lcap"; 57 fi but make failed with the same error, why?

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• Memcached Debuging/Server Logs Monitor the Memcached Servers?

  - by user1179459

  I have chat engine which is based on the Memcached variables, putting them into arrays and reading them in other end via jquery, which works fine 95% of the times, however when the server load is high memcached (presume its the memcached) the crash and browser gets stucks up. I dont think its jquery issue since this only happens when the server load is very high. I need a way to monitor the memcached servers or somehow write a log file into where the fails/errors comes in... Any idea on how i can do this ? or any idea why memcached servers fails ? I run the memcached as follows $GLOBALS['MemCached'] = FALSE; $GLOBALS['MemCached'] = new Memcache; $GLOBALS['MemCached']->pconnect('localhost', 11211); My memcached config is as follows #! /bin/sh # # chkconfig: - 55 45 # description: The memcached daemon is a network memory cache service. # processname: memcached # config: /etc/sysconfig/memcached # pidfile: /var/run/memcached/memcached.pid # Standard LSB functions #. /lib/lsb/init-functions # Source function library. . /etc/init.d/functions PORT=11211 USER=memcached MAXCONN=1024 CACHESIZE=128 OPTIONS="" if [ -f /etc/sysconfig/memcached ];then . /etc/sysconfig/memcached fi # Check that networking is up. . /etc/sysconfig/network if [ "$NETWORKING" = "no" ] then exit 0 fi RETVAL=0 prog="memcached" pidfile=${PIDFILE-/var/run/memcached/memcached.pid} lockfile=${LOCKFILE-/var/lock/subsys/memcached} start () { echo -n $"Starting $prog: " # Ensure that /var/run/memcached has proper permissions if [ "`stat -c %U /var/run/memcached`" != "$USER" ]; then chown $USER /var/run/memcached fi daemon --pidfile ${pidfile} memcached -d -p $PORT -u $USER -m $CACHESIZE -c $MAXCONN -P ${pidfile} $OPTIONS RETVAL=$? echo [ $RETVAL -eq 0 ] && touch ${lockfile} } stop () { echo -n $"Stopping $prog: " killproc -p ${pidfile} /usr/bin/memcached RETVAL=$? echo if [ $RETVAL -eq 0 ] ; then rm -f ${lockfile} ${pidfile} fi } restart () { stop start } # See how we were called. case "$1" in start) start ;; stop) stop ;; status) status -p ${pidfile} memcached RETVAL=$? ;; restart|reload|force-reload) restart ;; condrestart|try-restart) [ -f ${lockfile} ] && restart || : ;; *) echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|reload|force-reload|condrestart|try-restart}" RETVAL=2 ;; esac exit $RETVAL

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• Starting/Stopping Custom PHP Chat Server Linux Service (CentOS)

  - by chad

  I have been trying all night to get this service working properly. I created this script from a template and am very new to bash coding. I wrote a fully functioning chat server in php which runs endlessly, but now want to make it a dedicated service. I want to do this so that it starts on server boot and boots back up if possible when there are any down-times with the server. The issue is that I need this thing to run in a detached screen so that I can monitor packet data or send server commands via SSH when need-be. The main problem that i'm having is that it needs to have its own PID when it starts so that I can stop/restart it when needed. I am the type who grinds on coding until I figure it out, but this is so new to me that it seems the learning curve here is very steep and frustrating. Below is my code if anybody can please help me with this one, i've gotten so tired I can't even concentrate any more :( #!/bin/sh # # chatserver # # chkconfig: 345 20 90 # description: chatServer Linux Service Daemon \ # for general server handling ### BEGIN INIT INFO # Provides: chatserver # Required-Start: $local_fs $network $named $syslog # Required-Stop: $local_fs $syslog # Default-Start: 3 4 5 # Default-Stop: 0 1 2 6 # Short-Description: This service maintains the chatServer # Description: chatServer Linux Service Daemon # for general server handling ### END INIT INFO # Source function library. . /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions exec="screen php -q /var/www/html/chatServer.php" prog="chatserver" config="/etc/sysconfig/$prog" pidfile="/var/run/chatserver.pid" [ -e /etc/sysconfig/$prog ] && . /etc/sysconfig/$prog lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/$prog start() { #$exec || exit 5 echo -n $"Starting $prog: " daemon $exec --name=$exec --pidfile=$pidfile retval=$? echo [ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile return $retval } stop() { echo -n $"Stopping $prog: " killproc -p $pidfile rm -f $pidfile retval=$? echo [ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile return $retval } restart() { stop start } reload() { restart } force_reload() { restart } rh_status() { # run checks to determine if the service is running or use generic status status $prog } rh_status_q() { rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1 } case "$1" in start) rh_status_q && exit 0 $1 ;; stop) rh_status_q || exit 0 $1 ;; restart) $1 ;; reload) rh_status_q || exit 7 $1 ;; force-reload) force_reload ;; status) rh_status ;; condrestart|try-restart) rh_status_q || exit 0 restart ;; *) echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload}" exit 2 esac exit $?

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• Explanation of the init.d/scripts Fedora

  - by Shahmir Javaid

  Below is a copy of vsftpd, i need some explanations of some of the scripts mentioned below in this script: #!/bin/bash # ### BEGIN INIT INFO # Provides: vsftpd # Required-Start: $local_fs $network $named $remote_fs $syslog # Required-Stop: $local_fs $network $named $remote_fs $syslog # Short-Description: Very Secure Ftp Daemon # Description: vsftpd is a Very Secure FTP daemon. It was written completely from # scratch ### END INIT INFO # vsftpd This shell script takes care of starting and stopping # standalone vsftpd. # # chkconfig: - 60 50 # description: Vsftpd is a ftp daemon, which is the program \ # that answers incoming ftp service requests. # processname: vsftpd # config: /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf # Source function library. . /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions # Source networking configuration. . /etc/sysconfig/network RETVAL=0 prog="vsftpd" start() { # Start daemons. # Check that networking is up. [ ${NETWORKING} = "no" ] && exit 1 [ -x /usr/sbin/vsftpd ] || exit 1 if [ -d /etc/vsftpd ] ; then CONFS=`ls /etc/vsftpd/*.conf 2>/dev/null` [ -z "$CONFS" ] && exit 6 for i in $CONFS; do site=`basename $i .conf` echo -n $"Starting $prog for $site: " daemon /usr/sbin/vsftpd $i RETVAL=$? echo if [ $RETVAL -eq 0 ]; then touch /var/lock/subsys/$prog break else if [ -f /var/lock/subsys/$prog ]; then RETVAL=0 break fi fi done else RETVAL=1 fi return $RETVAL } stop() { # Stop daemons. echo -n $"Shutting down $prog: " killproc $prog RETVAL=$? echo [ $RETVAL -eq 0 ] && rm -f /var/lock/subsys/$prog return $RETVAL } # See how we were called. case "$1" in start) start ;; stop) stop ;; restart|reload) stop start RETVAL=$? ;; condrestart|try-restart|force-reload) if [ -f /var/lock/subsys/$prog ]; then stop start RETVAL=$? fi ;; status) status $prog RETVAL=$? ;; *) echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|restart|try-restart|force-reload|status}" exit 1 esac exit $RETVAL Question I What the hell is the difference between the && and || signs in the below commands, and is it just an easy way to do a simple if check or is it completely different to a if[..something..]; then ..something.. fi: # Check that networking is up. [ ${NETWORKING} = "no" ] && exit 1 [ -x /usr/sbin/vsftpd ] || exit 1 Question II i get what -eq and -gt is (equal to, greater than) but is there a simple website that explains what -x, -d and -f are? Any help would be apreciated Running Fedora 12 on my OS. Script copied from /etc/init.d/vsftpd Question III It says required starts are $local_fs $network $named $remote_fs $syslog but i cant see any where it checks for those.

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• Dell Vostro 3560 bluetooth doesn't work

  - by Shein

  I installed the wireless driver using this instruction How do I install BCM43142 wireless drivers for Dell Vostro 3460/3560 and I have WiFi working. No problems here. But unfortunately the bluetooth doesn't work. The ubuntu bar shows the bluetooth sign and I can turn the bluetooth on/off but I can't discover any devices. And I can't find my laptop when I turn visibility On. So, obviously bluetooth doesn't work. I couldn't find the reports that blutooth can actually work with this adapter in Ubuntu. So, my question is: Is there anyone with BCM43142 adapter that have bluetooth working? Thank You in advance. PS. Ubuntu 12.10 x64 Update: After some fiddling around with different drivers from different sources I managed to get bluetooth working. Not flawlessly but at least I can pair a device. Bluetooth started working after installation of this package bt-bcm43142-onereic_0.0+20111116somerville2_amd64.deb Originally I found this package on the disk with Ubuntu which came with the Laptop. What this package does, it installs a firmware loader and a firmware itself. This firmware needs to get bluetooth working. Still bluetooth sometimes doesn't work even with this package. But manual loading the firmware helps. brcm_patchram_plus_usb --patchram /lib/firmware/BCM43142A0_001.001.011.0028.0036.hcd hci0 Also I found it strange that this package writes all different ids into /sys/bus/usb/drivers/btusb/new_id because only one from the list matches my device ID bcm43142.conf: install btusb /sbin/modprobe --ignore-install btusb && echo '0a5c 21d3' > /sys/bus/usb/drivers/btusb/new_id && echo '0a5c 21d7' > /sys/bus/usb/drivers/btusb/new_id && echo '0a5c 21e1' > /sys/bus/usb/drivers/btusb/new_id && echo '0a5c 21e3' > /sys/bus/usb/drivers/btusb/new_id && hciconfig hci0 up && /usr/bin/brcm_patchram_plus_usb --patchram /lib/firmware/BCM43142A0_001.001.011.0028.0036.hcd hci0 & My lsusb: ... Bus 002 Device 003: ID 0a5c:21d7 Broadcom Corp. In conclusion: bluetooth works not nearly as good as in windows :( once I even got a complete crash of the system because of the btusb module. Luckily WiFi works perfectly :)

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• why is $0 set to -bash?

  - by James Shimer

  First login process name seems to be set to "-bash", but if I subshell then it becomes "bash". for example: root@nowere:~# echo $0 -bash root@nowere:~# bash root@nowere:~# echo $0 bash -bash is causing some scripts to fail, such as . /usr/share/debconf/confmodule exec /usr/share/debconf/frontend -bash Can't exec "-bash": No such file or directory at /usr/share/perl/5.14/IPC/Open3.pm line 186. open2: exec of -bash failed at /usr/share/perl5/Debconf/ConfModule.pm line 59 Anyone know the reason $0 is set to -bash?

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• On configuring GC 10.2.0.5 to monitor LISTENER SCAN using UDMs ...

  - by [email protected]

  Hi,Looks like Grid Control 10.2.0.5 is not fully prepared for monitoringthe Grid Infrastructure (11gR2).Even I'm pretty sure the upcoming version of GC (11g) will of course support all the new features of 11gR2, some customersare asking for some "hand-made" procedures for monitoring all the new stuff.I think one of the most critical components that cant be monitored are the LISTENER SCAN, so I have developed a little script for doing sousing the GC User Defined Metrics ( at host level )I am more than happy to share with you:#!/bin/ksh   ###    NAME###     monitor_scan.sh######    DESCRIPTION###      SCAN Listener monitoring######    RETURNS######    NOTES######    MODIFIED           (DD/MM/YY)###      Oracle            25/03/10     - Creation###export ORACLE_HOME=/opt/oracle/soft/11.2/gridRSC_KEY=$1AWK=/sbin/awk   LISTENER_DOWN_COUNT=$(${ORACLE_HOME}/bin/crsctl status resource -w 'TYPE = ora.scan_listener.type' | grep OFFLINE | wc -l)if [ ${LISTENER_DOWN_COUNT} != 0 ]; then  SCAN_DOWN_LIST=$(${ORACLE_HOME}/bin/crsctl status resource  -w 'TYPE = ora.scan_listener.type' | $AWK \ 'BEGIN { FS="="; state = 0; }  $1~/NAME/ && $2~/'$RSC_KEY'/ {appname = $2; state=1};  state == 0 {next;}  $1~/TARGET/ && state == 1 {apptarget = $2; state=2;}  $1~/STATE/ && state == 2 {appstate = $2; state=3;}  state == 3 {printf "%-45s %-10s %-18s\n", appname, apptarget, appstate; state=0;}' | grep OFFLINE | awk '{ print $1 }')  echo em_result=ALERT  echo em_message=There are LISTENER SCAN with down status: [${SCAN_DOWN_LIST}]else  echo em_result=NORMAL  echo em_message=All SCAN Listener are UPfiHope it helpsL

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• JMS Step 5 - How to Create an 11g BPEL Process Which Reads a Message Based on an XML Schema from a JMS Queue

  - by John-Brown.Evans

  JMS Step 5 - How to Create an 11g BPEL Process Which Reads a Message Based on an XML Schema from a JMS Queue .jblist{list-style-type:disc;margin:0;padding:0;padding-left:0pt;margin-left:36pt} ol{margin:0;padding:0} .c12_5{vertical-align:top;width:468pt;border-style:solid;background-color:#f3f3f3;border-color:#000000;border-width:1pt;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt} .c8_5{vertical-align:top;border-style:solid;border-color:#000000;border-width:1pt;padding:5pt 5pt 0pt 5pt} .c10_5{vertical-align:top;width:207pt;border-style:solid;border-color:#000000;border-width:1pt;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt} .c14_5{vertical-align:top;border-style:solid;border-color:#000000;border-width:1pt;padding:0pt 5pt 0pt 5pt} .c21_5{background-color:#ffffff} .c18_5{color:#1155cc;text-decoration:underline} .c16_5{color:#666666;font-size:12pt} .c5_5{background-color:#f3f3f3;font-weight:bold} .c19_5{color:inherit;text-decoration:inherit} .c3_5{height:11pt;text-align:center} .c11_5{font-weight:bold} .c20_5{background-color:#00ff00} .c6_5{font-style:italic} .c4_5{height:11pt} .c17_5{background-color:#ffff00} .c0_5{direction:ltr} .c7_5{font-family:"Courier New"} .c2_5{border-collapse:collapse} .c1_5{line-height:1.0} .c13_5{background-color:#f3f3f3} .c15_5{height:0pt} .c9_5{text-align:center} .title{padding-top:24pt;line-height:1.15;text-align:left;color:#000000;font-size:36pt;font-family:"Arial";font-weight:bold;padding-bottom:6pt} .subtitle{padding-top:18pt;line-height:1.15;text-align:left;color:#666666;font-style:italic;font-size:24pt;font-family:"Georgia";padding-bottom:4pt} li{color:#000000;font-size:10pt;font-family:"Arial"} p{color:#000000;font-size:10pt;margin:0;font-family:"Arial"} h1{padding-top:0pt;line-height:1.15;text-align:left;color:#888;font-size:24pt;font-family:"Arial";font-weight:normal} h2{padding-top:0pt;line-height:1.15;text-align:left;color:#888;font-size:18pt;font-family:"Arial";font-weight:normal} h3{padding-top:0pt;line-height:1.15;text-align:left;color:#888;font-size:14pt;font-family:"Arial";font-weight:normal} h4{padding-top:0pt;line-height:1.15;text-align:left;color:#888;font-size:12pt;font-family:"Arial";font-weight:normal} h5{padding-top:0pt;line-height:1.15;text-align:left;color:#888;font-size:11pt;font-family:"Arial";font-weight:normal} h6{padding-top:0pt;line-height:1.15;text-align:left;color:#888;font-size:10pt;font-family:"Arial";font-weight:normal} Welcome to another post in the series of blogs which demonstrates how to use JMS queues in a SOA context. The previous posts were: JMS Step 1 - How to Create a Simple JMS Queue in Weblogic Server 11g JMS Step 2 - Using the QueueSend.java Sample Program to Send a Message to a JMS Queue JMS Step 3 - Using the QueueReceive.java Sample Program to Read a Message from a JMS Queue JMS Step 4 - How to Create an 11g BPEL Process Which Writes a Message Based on an XML Schema to a JMS Queue Today we will create a BPEL process which will read (dequeue) the message from the JMS queue, which we enqueued in the last example. The JMS adapter will dequeue the full XML payload from the queue. 1. Recap and Prerequisites In the previous examples, we created a JMS Queue, a Connection Factory and a Connection Pool in the WebLogic Server Console. Then we designed and deployed a BPEL composite, which took a simple XML payload and enqueued it to the JMS queue. In this example, we will read that same message from the queue, using a JMS adapter and a BPEL process. As many of the configuration steps required to read from that queue were done in the previous samples, this one will concentrate on the new steps. A summary of the required objects is listed below. To find out how to create them please see the previous samples. They also include instructions on how to verify the objects are set up correctly. WebLogic Server Objects Object Name Type JNDI Name TestConnectionFactory Connection Factory jms/TestConnectionFactory TestJMSQueue JMS Queue jms/TestJMSQueue eis/wls/TestQueue Connection Pool eis/wls/TestQueue Schema XSD File The following XSD file is used for the message format. It was created in the previous example and will be copied to the new process. stringPayload.xsd <?xml version="1.0" encoding="windows-1252" ?> <xsd:schema xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"                 xmlns="http://www.example.org"                 targetNamespace="http://www.example.org"                 elementFormDefault="qualified">   <xsd:element name="exampleElement" type="xsd:string">   </xsd:element> </xsd:schema> JMS Message After executing the previous samples, the following XML message should be in the JMS queue located at jms/TestJMSQueue: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?><exampleElement xmlns="http://www.example.org">Test Message</exampleElement> JDeveloper Connection You will need a valid Application Server Connection in JDeveloper pointing to the SOA server which the process will be deployed to. 2. Create a BPEL Composite with a JMS Adapter Partner Link In the previous example, we created a composite in JDeveloper called JmsAdapterWriteSchema. In this one, we will create a new composite called JmsAdapterReadSchema. There are probably many ways of incorporating a JMS adapter into a SOA composite for incoming messages. One way is design the process in such a way that the adapter polls for new messages and when it dequeues one, initiates a SOA or BPEL instance. This is possibly the most common use case. Other use cases include mid-flow adapters, which are activated from within the BPEL process. In this example we will use a polling adapter, because it is the most simple to set up and demonstrate. But it has one disadvantage as a demonstrative model. When a polling adapter is active, it will dequeue all messages as soon as they reach the queue. This makes it difficult to monitor messages we are writing to the queue, because they will disappear from the queue as soon as they have been enqueued. To work around this, we will shut down the composite after deploying it and restart it as required. (Another solution for this would be to pause the consumption for the queue and resume consumption again if needed. This can be done in the WLS console JMS-Modules -> queue -> Control -> Consumption -> Pause/Resume.) We will model the composite as a one-way incoming process. Usually, a BPEL process will do something useful with the message after receiving it, such as passing it to a database or file adapter, a human workflow or external web service. But we only want to demonstrate how to dequeue a JMS message using BPEL and a JMS adapter, so we won’t complicate the design with further activities. However, we do want to be able to verify that we have read the message correctly, so the BPEL process will include a small piece of embedded java code, which will print the message to standard output, so we can view it in the SOA server’s log file. Alternatively, you can view the instance in the Enterprise Manager and verify the message. The following steps are all executed in JDeveloper. Create the project in the same JDeveloper application used for the previous examples or create a new one. Create a SOA Project Create a new project and choose SOA Tier > SOA Project as its type. Name it JmsAdapterReadSchema. When prompted for the composite type, choose Empty Composite. Create a JMS Adapter Partner Link In the composite editor, drag a JMS adapter over from the Component Palette to the left-hand swim lane, under Exposed Services. This will start the JMS Adapter Configuration Wizard. Use the following entries: Service Name: JmsAdapterRead Oracle Enterprise Messaging Service (OEMS): Oracle WebLogic JMS AppServer Connection: Use an application server connection pointing to the WebLogic server on which the JMS queue and connection factory mentioned under Prerequisites above are located. Adapter Interface > Interface: Define from operation and schema (specified later) Operation Type: Consume Message Operation Name: Consume_message Consume Operation Parameters Destination Name: Press the Browse button, select Destination Type: Queues, then press Search. Wait for the list to populate, then select the entry for TestJMSQueue , which is the queue created in a previous example. JNDI Name: The JNDI name to use for the JMS connection. As in the previous example, this is probably the most common source of error. This is the JNDI name of the JMS adapter’s connection pool created in the WebLogic Server and which points to the connection factory. JDeveloper does not verify the value entered here. If you enter a wrong value, the JMS adapter won’t find the queue and you will get an error message at runtime, which is very difficult to trace. In our example, this is the value eis/wls/TestQueue . (See the earlier step on how to create a JMS Adapter Connection Pool in WebLogic Server for details.) Messages/Message SchemaURL: We will use the XSD file created during the previous example, in the JmsAdapterWriteSchema project to define the format for the incoming message payload and, at the same time, demonstrate how to import an existing XSD file into a JDeveloper project. Press the magnifying glass icon to search for schema files. In the Type Chooser, press the Import Schema File button. Select the magnifying glass next to URL to search for schema files. Navigate to the location of the JmsAdapterWriteSchema project > xsd and select the stringPayload.xsd file. Check the “Copy to Project” checkbox, press OK and confirm the following Localize Files popup. Now that the XSD file has been copied to the local project, it can be selected from the project’s schema files. Expand Project Schema Files > stringPayload.xsd and select exampleElement: string . Press Next and Finish, which will complete the JMS Adapter configuration.Save the project. Create a BPEL Component Drag a BPEL Process from the Component Palette (Service Components) to the Components section of the composite designer. Name it JmsAdapterReadSchema and select Template: Define Service Later and press OK. Wire the JMS Adapter to the BPEL Component Now wire the JMS adapter to the BPEL process, by dragging the arrow from the adapter to the BPEL process. A Transaction Properties popup will be displayed. Set the delivery mode to async.persist. This completes the steps at the composite level. 3 . Complete the BPEL Process Design Invoke the BPEL Flow via the JMS Adapter Open the BPEL component by double-clicking it in the design view of the composite.xml, or open it from the project navigator by selecting the JmsAdapterReadSchema.bpel file. This will display the BPEL process in the design view. You should see the JmsAdapterRead partner link in the left-hand swim lane. Drag a Receive activity onto the BPEL flow diagram, then drag a wire (left-hand yellow arrow) from it to the JMS adapter. This will open the Receive activity editor. Auto-generate the variable by pressing the green “+” button and check the “Create Instance” checkbox. This will result in a BPEL instance being created when a new JMS message is received. At this point it would actually be OK to compile and deploy the composite and it would pick up any messages from the JMS queue. In fact, you can do that to test it, if you like. But it is very rudimentary and would not be doing anything useful with the message. Also, you could only verify the actual message payload by looking at the instance’s flow in the Enterprise Manager. There are various other possibilities; we could pass the message to another web service, write it to a file using a file adapter or to a database via a database adapter etc. But these will all introduce unnecessary complications to our sample. So, to keep it simple, we will add a small piece of Java code to the BPEL process which will write the payload to standard output. This will be written to the server’s log file, which will be easy to monitor. Add a Java Embedding Activity First get the full name of the process’s input variable, as this will be needed for the Java code. Go to the Structure pane and expand Variables > Process > Variables. Then expand the input variable, for example, "Receive1_Consume_Message_InputVariable > body > ns2:exampleElement”, and note variable’s name and path, if they are different from this one. Drag a Java Embedding activity from the Component Palette (Oracle Extensions) to the BPEL flow, after the Receive activity, then open it to edit. Delete the example code and replace it with the following, replacing the variable parts with those in your sample, if necessary.: System.out.println("JmsAdapterReadSchema process picked up a message"); oracle.xml.parser.v2.XMLElement inputPayload =    (oracle.xml.parser.v2.XMLElement)getVariableData(                           "Receive1_Consume_Message_InputVariable",                           "body",                           "/ns2:exampleElement");   String inputString = inputPayload.getFirstChild().getNodeValue(); System.out.println("Input String is " + inputPayload.getFirstChild().getNodeValue()); Tip. If you are not sure of the exact syntax of the input variable, create an Assign activity in the BPEL process and copy the variable to another, temporary one. Then check the syntax created by the BPEL designer. This completes the BPEL process design in JDeveloper. Save, compile and deploy the process to the SOA server. 3. Test the Composite Shut Down the JmsAdapterReadSchema Composite After deploying the JmsAdapterReadSchema composite to the SOA server it is automatically activated. If there are already any messages in the queue, the adapter will begin polling them. To ease the testing process, we will deactivate the process first Log in to the Enterprise Manager (Fusion Middleware Control) and navigate to SOA > soa-infra (soa_server1) > default (or wherever you deployed your composite to) and click on JmsAdapterReadSchema [1.0] . Press the Shut Down button to disable the composite and confirm the following popup. Monitor Messages in the JMS Queue In a separate browser window, log in to the WebLogic Server Console and navigate to Services > Messaging > JMS Modules > TestJMSModule > TestJMSQueue > Monitoring. This is the location of the JMS queue we created in an earlier sample (see the prerequisites section of this sample). Check whether there are any messages already in the queue. If so, you can dequeue them using the QueueReceive Java program created in an earlier sample. This will ensure that the queue is empty and doesn’t contain any messages in the wrong format, which would cause the JmsAdapterReadSchema to fail. Send a Test Message In the Enterprise Manager, navigate to the JmsAdapterWriteSchema created earlier, press Test and send a test message, for example “Message from JmsAdapterWriteSchema”. Confirm that the message was written correctly to the queue by verifying it via the queue monitor in the WLS Console. Monitor the SOA Server’s Output A program deployed on the SOA server will write its standard output to the terminal window in which the server was started, unless this has been redirected to somewhere else, for example to a file. If it has not been redirected, go to the terminal session in which the server was started, otherwise open and monitor the file to which it was redirected. Re-Enable the JmsAdapterReadSchema Composite In the Enterprise Manager, navigate to the JmsAdapterReadSchema composite again and press Start Up to re-enable it. This should cause the JMS adapter to dequeue the test message and the following output should be written to the server’s standard output: JmsAdapterReadSchema process picked up a message. Input String is Message from JmsAdapterWriteSchema Note that you can also monitor the payload received by the process, by navigating to the the JmsAdapterReadSchema’s Instances tab in the Enterprise Manager. Then select the latest instance and view the flow of the BPEL component. The Receive activity will contain and display the dequeued message too. 4 . Troubleshooting This sample demonstrates how to dequeue an XML JMS message using a BPEL process and no additional functionality. For example, it doesn’t contain any error handling. Therefore, any errors in the payload will result in exceptions being written to the log file or standard output. If you get any errors related to the payload, such as Message handle error ... ORABPEL-09500 ... XPath expression failed to execute. An error occurs while processing the XPath expression; the expression is /ns2:exampleElement. ... etc. check that the variable used in the Java embedding part of the process was entered correctly. Possibly follow the tip mentioned in previous section. If this doesn’t help, you can delete the Java embedding part and simply verify the message via the flow diagram in the Enterprise Manager. Or use a different method, such as writing it to a file via a file adapter. This concludes this example. In the next post, we will begin with an AQ JMS example, which uses JMS to write to an Advanced Queue stored in the database. Best regards John-Brown Evans Oracle Technology Proactive Support Delivery

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• Wine 1.5 %ProgramFiles% error

  - by elclanrs

  I'm trying to install d3dx9 with winetricks on wine 1.5 from ppa and I keep getting an error. I tried: WINEARCH=win32 WINEPREFIX=~/.win32 winecfg sudo WINEARCH=win32 WINEPREFIX=~/.win32 winetricks And still get this error: wine cmd.exe /c echo '%ProgramFiles%' returned empty string If I type wine cmd.exe /c echo '%ProgramFiles%' into the terminal I get C:\Program Files so the path seems correct but not when I run winetricks. I also tried this regedit fix with no luck. Any ideas?

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• How to enable bluetooth when there is no hardware switch

  - by Robert Mutke

  My laptop Thinkpad Edge e320 got out of standby with bluetooth and wireless disabled. WiFi got enabled normally in unity but bluetooth says that "bluetooth is disabled by hardware switch". There is no hw switch on my laptop. I tried: # echo 1 > /sys/devices/platform/thinkpad_acpi/bluetooth_enable bash: echo: write error: Operation not permitted but as you see no results. Fn-F9, which is radio control, does not work. Any help?

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• Only run CRON job if connected to specific wifi network

  - by Herbert

  I am a newbie to scripting on Linux (Lubuntu), but I would like to make a script that runs a cron job only if my laptop is connected to my home wifi. Is this possible? I guess, I could do something with iwconfig and pull the ESSID from there with grep? So far, I tried this and it seems to work: #!/bin/bash # CRON, connected to specific WIFI clear netid=HOFF216 if iwconfig | grep $netid then clear echo "True, we are connected to $netid" rsync ........... else clear echo "False, we are not connected to $netid" fi

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• how to execute for loop with sed in terminal

  - by vipin8169

  I want to execute the for loop with sed command, and is getting an error for the same for i in <comma-separated server name list>;do "command";echo $i;done where command=sed '/^$/d' /home/nextag/instance.properties|grep -vc '#' I'm getting the following error :- -bash: sed "/^$/d" /home/nextag/instance.properties|grep -vc#: No such file or directory lu1 What is the correct way to execute this command to get the perfect output I tried this as well for i in lu1;do 'sed \'/^$/d\' /home/nextag/instance.properties|grep -vc \'#\'';echo $i;done Also, can some explain the part '/^$/d'in sed '/^$/d' /home/nextag/instance.properties|grep -vc '#'

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• Current activity logger

  - by user72605

  Very inexperienced coder here: Does anyone know of an app (for iOS or Mac) that asks for my current activity every hour or so? I see tons of apps that let you log your activities, but none that use popups/notifications to actively ask you. I found a script that looks promising (source), but I'm having trouble implementing it so that it repeats every hour: #!/bin/bash echo What are you doing right now? read -e what echo `date` - $what >> timelog.txt Thanks!

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• How to set system-wide proxy address using shell script?

  - by skg

  I want to set system Proxy address through my Qt application. So i was wondering if i could write a script which can be executed by my application every time to change the proxy address. I tried : #! /bin/sh echo "# Generated by Application" export $1 echo "Proxy Address ${1} but this script was not successful. I think it was unable to execute "export" command. Can anyone help me resolving this issue ?

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• Non-responsive mouse and keyboard fix

  - by JacobusR

  I'm using Ubuntu 12.10 and found that after about 20 minutes of work that my mouse and keyboard became very unresponsive. So I found the following fix: sudo -i To test if this is the problem: echo N> /sys/module/drm_kms_helper/parameters/poll To make the fix permanent: echo "options drm_kms_helper poll=N">/etc/modprobe.d/local.conf It appears that the fix does work, but what does this do? Am I breaking something else in doing this?

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• PHP Fingerprinting CMS Versions by their meta tags [migrated]

  - by Mud

  Hey guys I'm having some issues with the speed of my script. I'm a novice I know so getting past that - what suggestions would you have to speed up my script? I was originally just reading in the index.php and then searching the <head> of the page for an array of strings. Then I read about the get_meta_tags and went that way. Then I had issues with some sites having 300 redirects in place so I used curl to check the URL existed and to speed up things but it's still taking 5 minutes or so to execute. <?php function url_exist($url){ $c=curl_init(); curl_setopt($c,CURLOPT_URL,$url); curl_setopt($c,CURLOPT_HEADER,1); curl_setopt($c,CURLOPT_NOBODY,1); curl_setopt($c,CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER,1); curl_setopt($c,CURLOPT_FRESH_CONNECT,1); if(!curl_exec($c)){ return false; }else{ return true; } curl_close($c); } function checkVersion($url){ $tags = get_meta_tags($url); if (is_array($tags) && array_key_exists('generator', $tags)) { $v = "<span style='background-color:#7BF55D;color:#A3A0A0'>".$tags['generator']."</span"; }else{ $v="<span style='background-color:#F55D67;color:#A3A0A0'>Metatag not found!</span>"; } return $v; } $row = 1; echo "<table>"; if (($handle = fopen("url.csv", "r")) !== FALSE) { while (($data = fgetcsv($handle, 1000, ",")) !== FALSE) { $num = count($data); $row++; for ($c=0; $c < $num; $c++) { if(url_exist($data[$c])){ echo "<tr><td>".$data[$c]."</td><td>".checkVersion($data[$c])."</td></tr>"; sleep(2); }else{ echo "<tr><td>".$data[$c]."</td><td><td><span style='background-color:#F55D5D;color:#A3A0A0'>URL not valid!<span></td></tr>"; } } } fclose($handle); } echo "</table>"; ?>

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• when including a file using php function not work?

  - by John Smiith

  MY PHP FUNCTION IS function functionName() { include($_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT']."/path/file.php"); } Content of File.php is $foo = 'bar'; Calling function (content of file test.php) functionName(); When call function and variable not work echo $foo; <- not works But when adding code below its works (content of file test.php) include($_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT']."/path/file.php"); echo $foo; <- its works

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• When using sudo, I get 'premission denied'

  - by JacobusR

  When using sudo to allow edits to files, I regularly get 'permission denied'. For example, my mouse is jittery and sluggish, so I want to disable polling: sudo echo "options drm_kms_helper poll=N">/etc/modprobe.d/local.conf I'm prompted for a password, and then get: bash: /etc/modprobe.d/local.conf: Permission denied So I tried to do a temporary change to disable polling by using: sudo echo N> /sys/module/drm_kms_helper/parameters/poll Yet again the system responded with: bash: /sys/module/drm_kms_helper/parameters/poll: Permission denied Any ideas?

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• read file in shell script

  - by moata_u

  how can i read file in shell script , then assign each line to an variable that i can use later ,,,(am thinking in way to load an default setting from file) i already try : process (){ } FILE='' read -p "Please enter name of default file : " FILE if [ ! -f $FILE ]; then echo "$FILE : does not exists " exit 1 elif [ ! -r $FILE ]; then echo "$FILE : can not read " fi exec 0<"$FILE" n=0 while read -r line do (assign each line to an variable) done

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• Asynchrony in C# 5 (Part I)

  - by javarg

  I’ve been playing around with the new Async CTP preview available for download from Microsoft. It’s amazing how language trends are influencing the evolution of Microsoft’s developing platform. Much effort is being done at language level today than previous versions of .NET. In these post series I’ll review some major features contained in this release: Asynchronous functions TPL Dataflow Task based asynchronous Pattern Part I: Asynchronous Functions This is a mean of expressing asynchronous operations. This kind of functions must return void or Task/Task<> (functions returning void let us implement Fire & Forget asynchronous operations). The two new keywords introduced are async and await. async: marks a function as asynchronous, indicating that some part of its execution may take place some time later (after the method call has returned). Thus, all async functions must include some kind of asynchronous operations. This keyword on its own does not make a function asynchronous thought, its nature depends on its implementation. await: allows us to define operations inside a function that will be awaited for continuation (more on this later). Async function sample: Async/Await Sample async void ShowDateTimeAsync() {     while (true)     {         var client = new ServiceReference1.Service1Client();         var dt = await client.GetDateTimeTaskAsync();         Console.WriteLine("Current DateTime is: {0}", dt);         await TaskEx.Delay(1000);     } } The previous sample is a typical usage scenario for these new features. Suppose we query some external Web Service to get data (in this case the current DateTime) and we do so at regular intervals in order to refresh user’s UI. Note the async and await functions working together. The ShowDateTimeAsync method indicate its asynchronous nature to the caller using the keyword async (that it may complete after returning control to its caller). The await keyword indicates the flow control of the method will continue executing asynchronously after client.GetDateTimeTaskAsync returns. The latter is the most important thing to understand about the behavior of this method and how this actually works. The flow control of the method will be reconstructed after any asynchronous operation completes (specified with the keyword await). This reconstruction of flow control is the real magic behind the scene and it is done by C#/VB compilers. Note how we didn’t use any of the regular existing async patterns and we’ve defined the method very much like a synchronous one. Now, compare the following code snippet  in contrast to the previuous async/await: Traditional UI Async void ComplicatedShowDateTime() {     var client = new ServiceReference1.Service1Client();     client.GetDateTimeCompleted += (s, e) =>     {         Console.WriteLine("Current DateTime is: {0}", e.Result);         client.GetDateTimeAsync();     };     client.GetDateTimeAsync(); } The previous implementation is somehow similar to the first shown, but more complicated. Note how the while loop is implemented as a chained callback to the same method (client.GetDateTimeAsync) inside the event handler (please, do not do this in your own application, this is just an example).  How it works? Using an state workflow (or jump table actually), the compiler expands our code and create the necessary steps to execute it, resuming pending operations after any asynchronous one. The intention of the new Async/Await pattern is to let us think and code as we normally do when designing and algorithm. It also allows us to preserve the logical flow control of the program (without using any tricky coding patterns to accomplish this). The compiler will then create the necessary workflow to execute operations as the happen in time.

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• Subterranean IL: Exception handling 2

  - by Simon Cooper

  Control flow in and around exception handlers is tightly controlled, due to the various ways the handler blocks can be executed. To start off with, I'll describe what SEH does when an exception is thrown. Handling exceptions When an exception is thrown, the CLR stops program execution at the throw statement and searches up the call stack looking for an appropriate handler; catch clauses are analyzed, and filter blocks are executed (I'll be looking at filter blocks in a later post). Then, when an appropriate catch or filter handler is found, the stack is unwound to that handler, executing successive finally and fault handlers in their own stack contexts along the way, and program execution continues at the start of the catch handler. Because catch, fault, finally and filter blocks can be executed essentially out of the blue by the SEH mechanism, without any reference to preceding instructions, you can't use arbitary branches in and out of exception handler blocks. Instead, you need to use specific instructions for control flow out of handler blocks: leave, endfinally/endfault, and endfilter. Exception handler control flow try blocks You cannot branch into or out of a try block or its handler using normal control flow instructions. The only way of entering a try block is by either falling through from preceding instructions, or by branching to the first instruction in the block. Once you are inside a try block, you can only leave it by throwing an exception or using the leave <label> instruction to jump to somewhere outside the block and its handler. The leave instructions signals the CLR to execute any finally handlers around the block. Most importantly, you cannot fall out of the block, and you cannot use a ret to return from the containing method (unlike in C#); you have to use leave to branch to a ret elsewhere in the method. As a side effect, leave empties the stack. catch blocks The only way of entering a catch block is if it is run by the SEH. At the start of the block execution, the thrown exception will be the only thing on the stack. The only way of leaving a catch block is to use throw, rethrow, or leave, in a similar way to try blocks. However, one thing you can do is use a leave to branch back to an arbitary place in the handler's try block! In other words, you can do this: .try { // ... newobj instance void [mscorlib]System.Exception::.ctor() throw MidTry: // ... leave.s RestOfMethod } catch [mscorlib]System.Exception { // ... leave.s MidTry } RestOfMethod: // ... As far as I know, this mechanism is not exposed in C# or VB. finally/fault blocks The only way of entering a finally or fault block is via the SEH, either as the result of a leave instruction in the corresponding try block, or as part of handling an exception. The only way to leave a finally or fault block is to use endfinally or endfault (both compile to the same binary representation), which continues execution after the finally/fault block, or, if the block was executed as part of handling an exception, signals that the SEH can continue walking the stack. filter blocks I'll be covering filters in a separate blog posts. They're quite different to the others, and have their own special semantics. Phew! Complicated stuff, but it's important to know if you're writing or outputting exception handlers in IL. Dealing with the C# compiler is probably best saved for the next post.

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• Program Structure Design Tools? (Top Down Design)

  - by Lee Olayvar

  I have been looking to expand my methodologies to better involve Unit testing, and i stumbled upon Behavioral Driven Design (Namely Cucumber, and a few others). I am quite intrigued by the concept as i have never been able to properly design top down, only because keeping track of the design gets lost without a decent way to record it. So on that note, in a mostly language agnostic way, are there any useful tools out there i am (probably) unaware of? Eg, i have often been tempted to try building flow charts for my programs, but i am not sure how much that will help, and it seems a bit confusing to me how i could make a complex enough flow chart to handle the logic of a full program, and all its features.. ie, it just seems like flow charts would be limiting in the design scheme.. or possibly grow to an unmaintainable scale. BDD methods are nice, but with a system that is so tied to structure, tying into the language and unit testing seems like a must (for it to be worth it) and it seems to be hard to find something to work well with both Python and Java (my two main languages). So anyway.. on that note, any comments are much appreciated. I have searched around on here and it seems like top down design is a well discussed topic, but i haven't seen too much reference to tools themselves, eg, flow chart programs, etc. I am on Linux, if it matters (in the case of programs).

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