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• Cygwin Syntax Trouble

  - by mkrouse

  I'm on windows 7 using Cygwin. My script and text file are located in the same directory. #!/bin/bash while read name; do echo "Name read from file - $name" done < /home/Matt/servers.txt I get this error and I don't know why because this is correct while loop syntax..? u0146121@U0146121-TPD-A ~/Matt $ ./script.sh ./script.sh: line 4: syntax error near unexpected token `done' ./script.sh: line 4: `done < /home/Matt/servers.txt' Can anybody tell me what I'm doing wrong? I think it's because I'm on windows and using Cygwin.

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• How to parse pipe with multiple commands independently?

  - by yarun can

  How can I parse output of a single command by multiple commands without truncating at each step? For example ls -al|grep -i something will pass every line that has "something" in it to the next pipe which is fine, but that also means every other line in the pipe is discarded since there wont be matching the condition. What I want is to be able to operate on single pipe by many commands independently. In this case it a pipe from Mutt which passes the whole message body. I want to get grep, sed, delete and assign each of these to bash variables maybe. Initially what I want is to be able to assign "message id" to a variable, "subject" to another variable etc Then pass those into proper commands arguments. Here is how it will be MessageBodyFromMutt|grep something -Ax -Bx |grep another thing from the original message| sed some stuff from the original message| cut from here to there Obviously the above line does not do what I want. I want all these commands to operate on the original message body. I hope it makes sense

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• Long string insertion with sed

  - by Luis Varca

  I am trying to use this expression to insert the contents of one text file into another after a give string. This is a simple bash script: TEXT=`cat file1.txt` sed -i "/teststring/a \ $TEXT" file2.txt This returns an error, "sed: -e expression #1, char 37: unknown command: `M'" The issue is in the fact that the contents of file1.txt are actually a private certificate so it's a large amount of text and unusual characters which seems to be causing an issue. If I replace $TEXT with a simple ASCII value it works but when it reads the large content of file1.txt it fails with that error. Is there some way to carry out this action? Is my syntax off with sed or my quote placement wrong?

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• Why doesn't this script work?

  - by Devin

  I've been using this bash script: for i in $(ls); do mv $i a$i; done to prepend all filenames in a folder with the letter a. I'm afraid that at some point I'll accidentally use this script in the wrong directory and prepend a ton of filenames that I don't want prepended. So I decided to explicitly cite the path to the file. So now my script looks like this: for i in $(ls /cygdrive/c/Users/path/to/Images); do mv /cygdrive/c/Users/path/to/Images/$i /cygdrive/c/Users/path/to/Images/a$i; done It does prepend the filename with the letter a, but it also appends the filename with this ? symbol. Any ideas why it would do that? If it helps any, I'm using cygwin on a Windows 7 box. Thanks for the help!

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• List/remove files, with filenames containing string that's "more than a month ago"?

  - by Martin Tóth

  I store some data in files which follow this naming convention: /interesting/data/filename-YYYY-MM-DD-HH-MM How do I look for the ones with date in file name < now - 1 month and delete them? Files may have changed since they were created, so searching according to last modification date is not good. What I'm doing now, is filter-ing them in python: prefix = '/interesting/data/filename-' import commands names = commands.getoutput('ls {0}*'.format(prefix)).splitlines() from datetime import datetime, timedelta all_files = map(lambda name: { 'name': name, 'date': datetime.strptime(name, '{0}%Y-%m-%d-%H-%M'.format(prefix)) }, names) month = datetime.now() - timedelta(days = 30) to_delete = filter(lambda item: item['date'] < month, all_files) import os map(os.remove, to_delete) Is there a (oneliner) bash solution for this?

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• Grub: Legacy 'ask' parameter no longer supported

  - by leeand00

  I'm trying to change the resolution on my base shell (the Ctrl+Alt+1) shell in Debian so that it supports my ViewSonic monitor. The shell appears really fuzzy when it is displayed on my lcd monitor, but GRUB looks fine when it's displayed. In I tried changing part of the GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT to 'vga=ask', and now I get the error on booting up 'Legacy 'ask' parameter no longer supported' Has this 'vga=ask' value been changed to something else? Note, I tried setting it to 'vga=782' after finding a list of screen modes here and the shell font got real huge for a few seconds during boot up, and then switched back to it's awful fuzzy self again, when I went to use the Debian Bash shell. UPDATE Tried suggestion in this question, it works without fuzziness until the last resolution change which displays the user login to the shell.

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• Ubuntu/ Gnome : Open an application is a specific workspace

  - by bguiz

  How do tell an application to open in a specific workspace? More info: I like to have my C++ IDE in workspace 2, my Java IDE in workspace 3, and my email, browser and miscellaneous in workspace four. I also use a shell script that executes upon log in: #!/bin/bash gnome-terminal & # WS 1 netbeans-6-9-1 & # WS2 qtcreator-2-0-1 & # WS 3 firefox & # WS 4 thunderbird & # WS 4 Of course currently it all opens in the curent workspace... Is there a way for me to specify which workspace each command should start in? Thanks in advance!

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• Can't use command line – "command not found" after editing PATH

  - by MEM

  I'm running OS X Mavericks and was trying to install MAMP PRO 2.2. I was trying to configure the PATH variable to have the PHP binaries of MAMP PRO. I added the following line on my ~/.bash_profile file: export PATH=/Applications/MAMP PRO/bin/php/php5.5.3/bin:$PATH As you may notice, since I have MAMP PRO and not just MAMP, I've added a space. As a consequence, I know have the following error each time I run the terminal: -bash: export: `PRO/bin/php/php5.5.3/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/usr/local/bin': not a valid identifier Worst: I can't get any command to run, like: ls, clear etc. I always get: "command not found" I don't even know the absolute path for ls. How can I make the commands work again, so that I can properly fix the path I was trying to setup on the .bash_profile file?

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• How to delete files on the command line with regular expressions?

  - by Jack

  Lets say I have 20 files named FOOXX, where XX is the number of the file, eg 01, 02 etc. At the moment, if I want to delete all files lower than the number 10, this is easy and I just use a wildcard, eg rm FOO0* However, if I want to delete specific files ina range, eg 13-15, this becomes more difficult. rm FPP[13-15] does not work, and asks me if I wish to delete all files. Likewse rm FOO1[3-5] wishes to delete all files that begin with FOO1 So, what is the best way to delete ranges of files like this? I have tried with both bash and zsh, and I don't think they differ so much for such a basic task?

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• How to start a service at boot time in ubuntu 12.04, run as a different user?

  - by Alex

  I have a server ClueReleaseManager which I have installed on a Ubuntu 12.04 system from a separate user (named pypi), and I want to be able to start this server at startup. I already have tried to create a simple bash script with some commands (login as user pypi, use a virtual python environment, start the server), but this does not work properly. Either the terminal crashes or when I try to ask the status of the service it is started and I am logged in as user pypi ...? So, here the question: What are the steps to take to make sure the ClueReleaseManager service properly starts up on boot time, and which I can control (start/stop/..) during runtime, while the service is running from a user pypi? Additional information and constraints: I want to do this as simple as possible Without any other packages/programs to be installed I am not familiar with the Ubuntu 12.04 init structure All the information I found on the web is very sparse, confusing, incorrect or does not apply to my case of running a service as a different user from root.

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• CDPATH in windows command prompt?

  - by barlop

  The accepted answer of this question Fast Ways of Cd'ing on *nix? mentions bash having CDPATH is there an equivalent in windows? so from any directory e.g. c:\windows I could do c:\windowscd compbar* and it'd take me to m:\a\b\c\d\e\compbar what if there are many compbar directories? well, the CDPATH solution is one solution, I suppose you order them it'd search through the CDPATH environment variable and choose the first. I'd like that for windows.

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• All terminal commands (like ls, cd, edit, open) are returning errors on my Mac

  - by park

  From what I can tell from reading other questions/answers is that my .bash_profile file may be corrupt. If I type echo $PATH in terminal the result is: /usr/local/git/bin From what I've read, that's not what the result is supposed to be. But I also can't get any of the commands (like edit or subl, for Sublime Text 2) to open the .bash_profile file to edit it. I was able to open the file in TextEdit using "cmd-shift-.", and here's what's in the file: [[ -s "$HOME/.rvm/scripts/rvm" ]] && source "$HOME/.rvm/scripts/rvm" PATH=$PATH:~/bin export PATH export PATH=/usr/local/git/bin But the file is LOCKED, so I can't edit it there either. I'm very new to programming and in the middle of trying to install everything on my Mac to go through a Ruby on Rails tutorial. I can't even check my version of ruby, since even ruby -v returns -bash: ruby: command not found Any help would be greatly appreciated. Thanks.

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• add script on boot linux machine

  - by user1546679

  I have one script to start a service on my ubuntu. I added it on boot machine using "# update-rc.d projeto defaults". But it still doesn't start with the boot machine. I think is because I am using other user to start the script "su - www-data -c ...". But I am not sure, because I run the update-rc.d command as root. When I execute the script from a terminal, it asks the password of the user www-data. Does anyone know what is happening? Thanks a lot! Felipe #!/bin/bash # /var/www/boinc/projeto/bin/start function action { su - www-data -c "/var/www/boinc/projeto/bin/$1" } case $1 in start|stop|status) action $1 ;; *) echo "ERRO: usar $0 (start|stop|status)" exit 1 ;; esac

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• what to do when ctrl-c can't kill a process?

  - by Dustin Boswell

  Ctrl-c doesn't always work to kill the current process (for instance, if that process is busy in certain network operations). In that case, you just see "^C" by your cursor, and can't do much else. What's the easiest way to force that process to die now without losing my terminal? Summary of answers below: Usually, you can Ctrl-z to put the process to sleep, and then do "kill -9 process-pid", where you find the process's pid with 'ps' and other tools. On Bash (and possibly other shells) you can do "kill -9 %1" (or '%N' in general) which is easier. If Ctrl-z doesn't work, you'll have to open another terminal and kill from there.

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• running autobench (httperf)

  - by Matthew

  So I ran apt-get install httperf on my system and I can now run httperf. But how can I run 'autobench'? I downloaded the file and unarchived it and if I go in it and run autobench it says -bash command not found I think it's a perl script but if I run perl autobench, it says: root@example:/tmp/autobench-2.1.2# perl autobench Autobench configuration file not found - installing new copy in /root/.autobench.conf cp: cannot stat `/etc/autobench.conf': No such file or directory Installation complete - please rerun autobench Even if I run it again it says the same thing.

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• How to switch a Sound Ouput Device before the Mac goes to sleep?

  - by Konzepz

  I've connected my MacBook to a set of external speakers with a USB. Now, every time the computer goes to Sleep Mode, there's an awful static sound coming from the speakers. I guess this is some bad wiring; but that's what I've got. However, I can use an idea for a script (AppleScript, bash, whatever) that will switch off the USB output sound in (System Preferences) before the computer goes to sleep, and will switch it back on (if exists) on Wake. Any ideas? Thanks!

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• Can't pipe echo to netcat?

  - by user1641300

  I have the following command: echo 'HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n' | nc -l -p 8000 -c and when I curl localhost:8000 I am not seeing HTTP/1.1 200 .. being printed. I am on mac os x with netcat 0.7.1 Any ideas? #!/bin/bash trap 'my_exit; exit' SIGINT SIGQUIT my_exit() { echo "you hit Ctrl-C/Ctrl-\, now exiting.." # cleanup commands here if any } if test $# -eq 0 ; then echo "Usage: $0 PORT" echo "" exit 1 fi while true do echo "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n" | nc -l -p ${1} -c done and testing with: curl localhost:8000

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• cat contents of one file into another file

  - by Attila O.

  I have a large (binary) file that has some corruption near the beginning. Then, I have a second, smaller file that I obtain by starting to download the same file again, but interrupt after I have enough bytes to fix the original one. My question is, how do I simply overwrite the beginning of the large file with the contents of the second, smaller file? I could use cat, tail and head, but that would create a copy of the file. There must be a more efficient way. Oh yes, and I'm looking for a linux command-line solution, if that wasn't obvious. I'm using bash, but I have other shells if that helps.

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• find files their name is smaller or greater than a given parameter

  - by Tzury Bar Yochay

  Say that in a given directory I got tzury@x200:~/Desktop/sandbox$ ls -l total 20 drwxr-xr-x 2 tzury tzury 4096 2011-03-09 10:19 N00.P000 drwxr-xr-x 2 tzury tzury 4096 2011-03-09 10:19 N00.P001 drwxr-xr-x 2 tzury tzury 4096 2011-03-09 10:19 N00.P002 drwxr-xr-x 2 tzury tzury 4096 2011-03-09 10:19 N00.P003 drwxr-xr-x 2 tzury tzury 4096 2011-03-09 10:19 N00.P004 drwxr-xr-x 2 tzury tzury 4096 2011-03-09 10:19 N01.P000 drwxr-xr-x 2 tzury tzury 4096 2011-03-09 10:19 N01.P001 drwxr-xr-x 2 tzury tzury 4096 2011-03-09 10:19 N01.P002 I seek for a bash way to grab the list of files which their name is either grater or smaller than a given parameter, for instance: $ my_finder lt N00.P003 shall return N00.P000, N00.P001 and N00.P002 $ my_finder gt N00.P003 shall return N00.P004, N01.P000, N01.P001 and N01.P002 I was thinking of iterating over for name in $(ls) and while $name != $2 but believe there are more elegant way of doing so

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• Crontab + .sh + php

  - by Kristaps Karlsons

  Hi. I'm trying to call a shell script every 5 minutes, witch executes php file under root. # crontab -l */5 * * * * /home/regularuser/call.sh permissions: -rw-rw-rw- 1 root root 162 Jun 6 23:40 call.php -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 66 Jun 7 01:20 call.sh call.sh contents: #!/bin/bash php -q /home/regularuser/call.php echo "request processed" My problem is that my php file doesn't get executed via crontab. However, if I call call.sh - everything works perfectly. I'm new to crontab and shell scripting, so any advice/resources are welcome.

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• -w test on OS X gives command not found error

  - by RobV

  I'm writing a bash script which I'm testing on OS X though it will ultimately run on a standard Linux environment and running into a weird error. I have tests like this in my script: if [ ! -w $BP ]; then echo "'$1' not writable" exit 1 fi Which seems pretty sane to me and works fine under Linux but when trying to test on OS X I get the following error message: startSvr.sh: line 135: [: missing `]' startSvr.sh: line 135: -w: command not found So is this a case of OS X not supporting the -w test or is there some other reason this isn't working for me? e.g. environment

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• what to do when ctrl-c can't kill a process?

  - by Dustin Boswell

  Ctrl-c doesn't always work to kill the current process (for instance, if that process is busy in certain network operations). In that case, you just see "^C" by your cursor, and can't do much else. What's the easiest way to force that process to die now without losing my terminal? Summary of answers below: Usually, you can Ctrl-z to put the process to sleep, and then do "kill -9 process-pid", where you find the process's pid with 'ps' and other tools. On Bash (and possibly other shells) you can do "kill -9 %1" (or '%N' in general) which is easier. If Ctrl-z doesn't work, you'll have to open another terminal and kill from there.

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• Why is the Python interpreter provided by Django suddenly showing me Python tab completion upon a single Tab press?

  - by ysim

  This issue seems to have just started happening; basically I just noticed that whenever I press the Tab key in the Python interpreter that comes with Django, it gives me the Display all ... possibilities? (y or no) prompt. I opened a similar question just now, where I noticed that removing set show-all-if-ambiguous on from .inputrc fixed the problem in the non-Django Python interpreter that was showing me bash tab completion, but the problem persists with the Django one, only with Python tab completion. It's very odd and it seems to have come out of nowhere. There's nothing else in my .inputrc other than set completion-ignore-case on, which shouldn't be conflicting with the Python interpreter, but I've also tried removing that (leaving my .inputrc blank), but it's still happening. I'm not sure why this is suddenly happening, but it would be great if someone had an idea of why and how to fix it.

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• Looking for a way execute a task on all files in a directory (recursively) on Windows

  - by stzzz1

  I have a huge number of mp4 video files that needs to have a volume boost. I need a way to execute a ffmpeg audio filter on all files in a specified base directory (and in subdirectories as well). My problem is that I'm working on a Windows computer and I have no knowledge of its shell syntax. I would like to do the equivalent of what this bash script does : TARGET_FILES=$(find /path/to/dir -type f -name *.mp4) for f in $TARGET_FILES do ffmpeg -i $f -af 'volume=4.0' output.$f done I spent quite some time this afternoon looking for a solution but the recursive nature of what I need (that is so simple with find!) isn't too clear. Any help would be greatly appreciated!

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• How to print index in a 'for-loop' being executed in remote host through SSH?

  - by YShin

  I want to ssh into a remote host, and then execute a for loop that goes through sequence of numbers to control number of different nodes. ssh user@host /bin/bash << EOF for i in {1..10} do echo $i done EOF If I do this, the output is just 10 blank lines, instead of printing out numbers from 1 through 10. If I execute same code on my local machine, I get the desired output which is ten lines each line printing from 1 through 10. How would one achieve the intended functionality, that is accessing the index in a for loop that is being executed in SSH?

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