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  • Lambda Functions in PHP aren't Logical

    - by Chacha102
    Note: I have condensed this article into my person wiki: http://wiki.chacha102.com/Lambda - Enjoy I am having some troubles with Lambda style functions in PHP. First, This Works: $foo = function(){ echo "bar"; }; $foo(); Second, This Works: class Bar{ public function foo(){ echo "Bar"; } Third, This works: $foo = new stdClass; $foo->bar = function(){ echo "bar"; }; $test = $foo->bar; $test(); But, this does not work: $foo = new stdClass; $foo->bar = function(){ echo "bar"; }; $foo->bar(); And, this does not work class Bar{ public function foo(){ echo "Bar"; } $foo = new Bar; $foo->foo = function(){ echo "foo"; }; $foo->foo(); // echo's bar instead of Foo. My Question is Why?, and how can I assure that both this: $foo->bar = function(){ echo "test"; }; $foo->bar(); and this $foo = new Bar; $foo->bar(); are called properly? Extra Points if you can point to documentation stating why this problem occurs.

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  • has_many relation doesn't seems right or logical, some thing like belongs_to_many looks right

    - by Vijendra
    My situation is like this. Company has many users and users may belongs to many companies. And current implementation is something like below. class Company has_many :employments has_many :users, :through = :employments end class Employment belongs_to :company belongs_to :user end class User has_many :employments has_many :companies, :through = :employments #This doesn't looks correct end User has many companies doesn't looks logically meaningful.It must be some thing like belongs_to_many companies. Do I need to use has_and_belongs_to_many? But that also will gives the same meaning. Can some one please suggest the right way for representing these relationships?

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  • has_many relation doesn't seems right or logical in business perceptive, needed some thing like belo

    - by Vijendra
    My situation is like this. Company has many users and users may belongs to many companies. And current implementation is something like below. class Company has_many :employments has_many :users, :through = :employments end class Employment belongs_to :company belongs_to :user end class User has_many :employments has_many :companies, :through = :employments #This doesn't looks correct end It works, but "user has many companies" doesn't looks logically meaningful. It must be some thing like belongs_to_many companies. Do I need to use has_and_belongs_to_many? Can some one please suggest the right way for representing these relationships?

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  • Hex to bin after logical operations

    - by user355926
    I want: 111 || 100 ---> 111, not 1 100 && 100 ---> 100, not 1 101 && 010 ---> 000, not 0 Broken code #include <stdio.h> main(void){ string hexa = 0xff; strig hexa2 = 0xf1; // CONVERT TO INT??? cast int hexa3 = hexa || hexa2; int hexa4 = hexa && hexa2; puts(hexa3); puts(hexa4); }

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  • Logical Programming Problem

    - by user353060
    Hello, I've been trying to solve this problem for quite sometime but I am having trouble with it. Let's say on a trigger, you receive values. First trigger: You get 1 Second trigger: You get 1, 2 Third trigger: You get 1, 2, 3 So, I store 1. For 2nd trigger, I store 2 since 1 already exist. For 3rd trigger, I store 3 since 1,2 already exist so in total I have stored 1,2,3 As you can see, we can easily check for new values, if old != new. Here's come the problem: Fourth trigger: You get 1, 2, 4 For 4th trigger, I store 1, 2 because it exists but how do I check against 3 and remove 3 from store and check if 4 is new? If you are having problems understanding this, feel free to clarify. Thanks!

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  • A logical problem with two tables

    - by Luke
    Hey guys, I created a list for fixtures. $result = mysql_query("SELECT date FROM ".TBL_FIXTURES." WHERE compname = '$comp_name' GROUP BY date"); $i = 1; $d = "Start"; while ($row = mysql_fetch_assoc($result)) { $odate = $row['date']; $date=date("F j Y", $row['date']); echo "<p>Fixture $i - $d to $date</p>"; } As you can see from the query, the date is displayed from the fixtures table. The way my system works is that when a fixture is "played", it is removed from this table. Therefore when the entire round of fixtures are complete, there wont be any dates for that round in this table. They will be in another table. Is there anyway I can run an other query for dates at the same time, and display only dates from the fixtures table if there isnt a date in the results table? "SELECT * FROM ".TBL_CONF_RESULTS." WHERE compid = '$_GET[id]' && type2 = '2' ORDER BY date" That would be the second query!

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  • Turning logical expression around

    - by BluePrint
    I have the following code: bool s = true; for (...; ...; ...) { // code that defines A, B, C, D // and w, x, y, z if (!(A < w) && s == true) { s = false; } if (!(B < x) && s == true) { s = false; } if (!(C < y) && s == true) { s = false; } if (!(D < z) && s == true) { s = false; } } This code is working well. However, I want to, for several (unimportant) reasons, change the code so that I can initiate s = false; and set it to true inside the if-statement. It tried the following: bool s = false; for (...; ...; ...) { // code that defines A, B, C, D // and w, x, y, z if (A >= w && s == false) { s = true; } if (B >= x && s == false) { s = true; } if (C >= y && s == false) { s = true; } if (D >= z && s == false) { s = true; } } However, this is not working properly as the code above is working. I know thought wrong somewhere in the logic, but I can't figure out where. Does anbyone see my probably obvious error? EDIT: Added three more if-statemets. Missed them since they were commented away.

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  • SQL - logical AND among multiple rows

    - by potrnd
    Hello, First of all sorry that I could not think of a more descriptive title. What I want to do is the following using only SQL: I have some lists of strings, list1, list2 and list3. I have a dataset that contains two interesting columns, A and B. Column A contains a TransactionID and column B contains an ItemID. Naturally, there can be multiple rows that share the same TransactionIDs. I need to catch those transactions that have at least one item ID that exists whithin each list (list1, list2 AND list3). I also need to count how many times does that happen for each transaction. I hope that makes enough sense, perhaps I will be able to explain it better with a clear head. Thanks in advance

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  • Is It Possible To Recover A Partial LVM Logical Volume?

    - by Terry Wang
    Background It is an Ubuntu 12.04 VirtualBox VM with 5 virtual HDDs (VDI), NOTE this is just a test VM, so not well planned ahead: ubuntu.vdi for / (/dev/mapper/ubuntu-root AKA /dev/ubuntu/root) and /home (/dev/mapper/ubuntu-home) weblogic.vdi - /dev/sdb (mounted on /bea for weblogic and other stuff) btrfs1.vdi - /dev/sdc (part of btrfs -m raid1 -d raid1 configuration) btrfs2.vdi - /dev/sdd (part of btrfs -m raid1 -d raid1 configuration) more.vdi - /dev/sde (added this virtual HDD because / ran out of inodes and it wasn't easy to figure out what to delete so as to free up inodes, so I just added the new virtual HDD, created PV, added it to existing volume group ubuntu, grew the root logical volume to work around the inode issue -_-) What happened? Last Friday, before finishing up I wanted to free up some disk space on that box, for some reason I thought the more.vdi was useless and tried to detach it from the VM, I then clicked delete (should have clicked keep files damn!) by mistake when detaching. Unfortunately I didn't have backup for it. All too late. What I have tried Tried to undelete (use testdisk and photorec) the vdi files but it takes too long and recovered heaps of .vdi files that I didn't want (huge, filled the disk, damn!). I finally gave up. Fortunately most of data is on separate ext4 partition and btrfs volumes. Out of curiosity, I still tried to mount the logical volumes and see if it is possible to at least recover the /var and /etc I tried to use system rescue cd to boot and activate the volume groups, I got: Couldn't find device with uuid xxxx. Refusing activation of the partial LV root. Use --partial to override. 1 logical volume(s) in volume group "ubuntu" now active. I was able to mount home LV but not root LV. I am wondering if it is possible to access the root LV any more. Under the bonnet, data (on LV root - /) was striped to more.vdi (PV), I know it's almost impossible to to recover. But I am still curious about how system administrator/DevOps guys deal with this sort of situation;-) Thanks in advance.

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  • What is logical cohesion, and why is it bad or undesirable?

    - by Matt Fenwick
    From the c2wiki page on coupling & cohesion: Cohesion (interdependency within module) strength/level names : (from worse to better, high cohesion is good) Coincidental Cohesion : (Worst) Module elements are unrelated Logical Cohesion : Elements perform similar activities as selected from outside module, i.e. by a flag that selects operation to perform (see also CommandObject). i.e. body of function is one huge if-else/switch on operation flag Temporal Cohesion : operations related only by general time performed (i.e. initialization() or FatalErrorShutdown?()) Procedural Cohesion : Elements involved in different but sequential activities, each on different data (usually could be trivially split into multiple modules along linear sequence boundaries) Communicational Cohesion : unrelated operations except need same data or input Sequential Cohesion : operations on same data in significant order; output from one function is input to next (pipeline) Informational Cohesion: a module performs a number of actions, each with its own entry point, with independent code for each action, all performed on the same data structure. Essentially an implementation of an abstract data type. i.e. define structure of sales_region_table and its operators: init_table(), update_table(), print_table() Functional Cohesion : all elements contribute to a single, well-defined task, i.e. a function that performs exactly one operation get_engine_temperature(), add_sales_tax() (emphasis mine). I don't fully understand the definition of logical cohesion. My questions are: what is logical cohesion? Why does it get such a bad rap (2nd worst kind of cohesion)?

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  • Putting indexes in separate filegroup kills our queries

    - by womp
    Can anyone shed some light on this? On our dev boxes, our database resides entirely in the PRIMARY filegroup, and everything works fine. On one of our production servers, recently upgraded from 2005 to 2008, we noticed it was performing slower than it should. On this machine, there are two filegroups - PRIMARY and INDEXES. Both filegroups contain 1 file per logical volume, one logical volume per CPU, (and each logical volume is a RAID 10 of 4 physical disks). We isolated a few queries that were performing fast on the dev boxes and slow (up to 40x slower) on the production machine. Turned out these queries were using the non-clustered indexes that resided in the INDEXES filegroup. Tweaking some of the queries to only use clustered indexes that were in the PRIMARY filegroup dropped their times back to normal. As a final confirmation, we redeployed the same database on the same machine to have everything in PRIMARY, and things went back to normal! Here's the statistics output of one of the queries, run identically on the machine with different filegroup configurations (table names changed to protect the innocent): FAST (everything in PRIMARY filegroup): (3 row(s) affected) Table '0'. Scan count 2, logical reads 14, ... Table '1'. Scan count 0, logical reads 0, ... Table '1'. Scan count 0, logical reads 0, ... Table '2'. Scan count 2, logical reads 7, ... Table '3'. Scan count 2, logical reads 1012, ... Table '4'. Scan count 1, logical reads 3, ... SQL Server Execution Times: CPU time = 437 ms, elapsed time = 445 ms. SLOW (indexes split into their own filegroup): (3 row(s) affected) Table '0'. Scan count 209, logical reads 428, ... Table '1'. Scan count 0, logical reads 0,... Table '2'. Scan count 1021, logical reads 9043,.... Table '3'. Scan count 209, logical reads 105754, .... Table '4'. Scan count 0, logical reads 0, .... Table '5'. Scan count 1, logical reads 695, ... **Table '#46DA8CA9'. Scan count 205, logical reads 205, ...** Table '6'. Scan count 6, logical reads 436, ... Table '7'. Scan count 1, logical reads 12,.... SQL Server Execution Times: CPU time = 17581 ms, elapsed time = 17595 ms. Notice the weird temp table and extra tables involved in the slow query. It seems clear that having a second file group is making SQL Server batty with choosing an execution plan. What the heck is going on?

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  • Change the logical name of sql server express 2005 database file?

    - by oob
    In Microsoft SQL Server Management Studio Express for Sql Server Express 2005, I needed to copy a database for testing and keep it on the same server as the old database. I did the following: Right Click on Databases Created new database Detached the database I wanted to copy "Restored" my new database from the backup file of my old database. I did this by clicking the 'Overwrite the existing database' box on the Options pane, and I changed the paths in the 'restore as' options so that they pointed to my new .mdf and .ldf files. Everything is working like I want. Problem is, when I right-click - Properties - Files on my new database, the logical name of the .mdf file is the same as the logical name of the old .mdf file. They are actually different files - they just share the same logical name? I guess maybe this isn't a short-term problem, but I can see it confusing somebody down the road. Any way to change the logical name of the .mdf file? UPDATE EDIT - Apparently you can just change the logical name through the GUI by, get this, clicking on it and typing a new name. I could swear that was not possible when I posted this, but maybe it was and I somehow missed it! Either way - the solution below should still work but doing it through the GUI is also an option.

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  • ubuntu not detecting CDdrives

    - by Mirage
    Ihave insatlled ubuntu 10.4 on my compuer with 6 cd drives. Now initiallyi had window server 2008 and i had to install marvel raid sata controller and then my window detected all 6 drives. Now ubuntu is detecting only 3 drives and i have not found marvell drivers for ubuntu bt i have drives for window 2008. Now my question is if i have vrtual machine inside ubuntu using vmware workstation and i install that driver. then can VM dtect thse 6 drives or host has to detect those drives first to make VMs use that Ubuntu shows this thing from terminal *-cdrom:0 description: DVD-RAM writer product: DVDRAM GSA-H10N vendor: HL-DT-ST physical id: 0.0.0 bus info: scsi@0:0.0.0 logical name: /dev/cdrom2 logical name: /dev/cdrw2 logical name: /dev/dvd2 logical name: /dev/dvdrw2 logical name: /dev/scd0 logical name: /dev/sr0 version: JL10 capabilities: removable audio cd-r cd-rw dvd dvd-r dvd-ram configuration: ansiversion=5 status=nodisc *-cdrom:1 description: DVD writer product: DVDRRW GWA-4164B vendor: HL-DT-ST physical id: 0.1.0 bus info: scsi@0:0.1.0 logical name: /dev/cdrom logical name: /dev/cdrw logical name: /dev/dvd logical name: /dev/dvdrw logical name: /dev/scd1 logical name: /dev/sr1 version: 1.01 serial: [HL-DT-STDVDRRW GWA-4164B1.0105/05/12 capabilities: removable audio cd-r cd-rw dvd dvd-r configuration: ansiversion=5 status=nodisc Is t detecting all drives or thise local names just same

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  • ubuntu VM not detecting CDdrives

    - by Mirage
    Ihave insatlled ubuntu 10.4 on my compuer with 6 cd drives. Now initiallyi had window server 2008 and i had to install marvel raid sata controller and then my window detected all 6 drives. Now ubuntu is detecting only 3 drives and i have not found marvell drivers for ubuntu bt i have drives for window 2008. Now my question is if i have vrtual machine inside ubuntu using vmware workstation and i install that driver. then can VM dtect thse 6 drives or host has to detect those drives first to make VMs use that Ubuntu shows this thing from terminal *-cdrom:0 description: DVD-RAM writer product: DVDRAM GSA-H10N vendor: HL-DT-ST physical id: 0.0.0 bus info: scsi@0:0.0.0 logical name: /dev/cdrom2 logical name: /dev/cdrw2 logical name: /dev/dvd2 logical name: /dev/dvdrw2 logical name: /dev/scd0 logical name: /dev/sr0 version: JL10 capabilities: removable audio cd-r cd-rw dvd dvd-r dvd-ram configuration: ansiversion=5 status=nodisc *-cdrom:1 description: DVD writer product: DVDRRW GWA-4164B vendor: HL-DT-ST physical id: 0.1.0 bus info: scsi@0:0.1.0 logical name: /dev/cdrom logical name: /dev/cdrw logical name: /dev/dvd logical name: /dev/dvdrw logical name: /dev/scd1 logical name: /dev/sr1 version: 1.01 serial: [HL-DT-STDVDRRW GWA-4164B1.0105/05/12 capabilities: removable audio cd-r cd-rw dvd dvd-r configuration: ansiversion=5 status=nodisc Is t detecting all drives or thise local names just same

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  • How should I configure TRIM Support for LVM logical volumes?

    - by Zack Perry
    I am setting up a notebook for software demo purpose. The machine has a Intel Core i7 CPU, 8GB RAM, a 128GB SSD, and runs Ubuntu 12.04 LTS 64bit desktop. As it is, the SSD is configured to have a single volume group, with /boot, /swap, and / all in their respective logical volumes. They collectively consume 30GB space. I plan to use the remaining for logical volumes for KVM guests, all run Ubuntu 12.04 Server I would like to ensure that the SSD is utilized optimally. Although on this site, there are some great info about setting up TRIM support for file system setups that do not involve LVM, I have not found explicit guide regarding my planned setup. I did found this page which talks about adding issue_discards in /etc/lvm/lvm.conf. But in said file on my machine, I didn't find the cited content. I double-checked man lvm.conf(5), didn't see any mentioning of this option either. Thus, I'm not sure what to do. Furthermore, even say adding the option is the right thing to do, should I in my machine's /etc/fstab still add mount options such as noatime etc? Any tips, pointers, and/or further guidance are greatly appreciated.

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  • Kubuntu 12.04 - Touchpad and keyboard stopped working at random

    - by StepTNT
    As in the title, I've got this problem with my Kubuntu 12.04. At first I've thought that the whole system was hung, but it happened again 5 minutes ago and, while the keyboard and the touchpad stopped working, the music was still playing, so I guess that's just an "input" problem, because the system was still working! Any solution? Is there some data that you need to know about my setup? EDIT: Added my lshw outout description: Notebook product: N53SV () vendor: ASUSTeK Computer Inc. version: 1.0 serial: B2N0AS17695408A width: 64 bits capabilities: smbios-2.6 dmi-2.6 vsyscall32 configuration: boot=normal chassis=notebook family=N uuid=8083F2DA-A43E-E081-3F3F-BCAEC55F8AA1 *-core description: Motherboard product: N53SV vendor: ASUSTeK Computer Inc. physical id: 0 version: 1.0 serial: BSN12345678901234567 slot: MIDDLE *-firmware description: BIOS vendor: American Megatrends Inc. physical id: 0 version: N53SV.214 date: 08/10/2011 size: 64KiB capacity: 2496KiB capabilities: pci upgrade shadowing cdboot bootselect edd int13floppy1200 int13floppy720 int13floppy2880 int5printscreen int9keyboard int14serial int17printer acpi usb smartbattery biosbootspecification *-cpu description: CPU product: Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-2630QM CPU @ 2.00GHz vendor: Intel Corp. physical id: 4 bus info: cpu@0 version: Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-2630QM CPU @ 2.00GHz serial: To Be Filled By O.E.M. slot: CPU 1 size: 800MHz capacity: 4GHz width: 64 bits clock: 100MHz capabilities: x86-64 fpu fpu_exception wp vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe syscall nx rdtscp constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts rep_good nopl xtopology nonstop_tsc aperfmperf pni pclmulqdq dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx est tm2 ssse3 cx16 xtpr pdcm pcid sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic popcnt tsc_deadline_timer xsave avx lahf_lm ida arat epb xsaveopt pln pts tpr_shadow vnmi flexpriority ept vpid cpufreq configuration: cores=4 enabledcores=1 threads=2 *-cache description: L1 cache physical id: 5 slot: L1-Cache size: 32KiB capacity: 32KiB capabilities: internal write-back instruction *-memory description: System Memory physical id: 40 slot: System board or motherboard size: 10GiB *-bank:0 description: SODIMM DDR3 Synchronous 1333 MHz (0,8 ns) product: 99U5428-040.A00LF vendor: Kingston physical id: 0 serial: 103C28C3 slot: ChannelA-DIMM0 size: 4GiB width: 64 bits clock: 1333MHz (0.8ns) *-bank:1 description: SODIMM DDR3 Synchronous 1333 MHz (0,8 ns) product: HMT325S6BFR8C-H9 vendor: Hynix/Hyundai physical id: 1 serial: 58383D1F slot: ChannelA-DIMM1 size: 2GiB width: 64 bits clock: 1333MHz (0.8ns) *-bank:2 description: SODIMM DDR3 Synchronous 1333 MHz (0,8 ns) product: HMT325S6BFR8C-H9 vendor: Hynix/Hyundai physical id: 2 serial: 58183D19 slot: ChannelB-DIMM0 size: 2GiB width: 64 bits clock: 1333MHz (0.8ns) *-bank:3 description: SODIMM DDR3 Synchronous 1333 MHz (0,8 ns) product: HMT325S6BFR8C-H9 vendor: Hynix/Hyundai physical id: 3 serial: 58183C8F slot: ChannelB-DIMM1 size: 2GiB width: 64 bits clock: 1333MHz (0.8ns) *-pci description: Host bridge product: 2nd Generation Core Processor Family DRAM Controller vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 100 bus info: pci@0000:00:00.0 version: 09 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz configuration: driver=agpgart-intel resources: irq:0 *-pci:0 description: PCI bridge product: Xeon E3-1200/2nd Generation Core Processor Family PCI Express Root Port vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1 bus info: pci@0000:00:01.0 version: 09 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pci pm msi pciexpress normal_decode bus_master cap_list configuration: driver=pcieport resources: irq:40 ioport:d000(size=4096) memory:db000000-dc0fffff ioport:c0000000(size=301989888) *-generic UNCLAIMED description: Unassigned class product: Illegal Vendor ID vendor: Illegal Vendor ID physical id: 0 bus info: pci@0000:01:00.0 version: ff width: 32 bits clock: 66MHz capabilities: bus_master vga_palette cap_list configuration: latency=255 maxlatency=255 mingnt=255 resources: memory:db000000-dbffffff memory:c0000000-cfffffff memory:d0000000-d1ffffff ioport:d000(size=128) memory:dc000000-dc07ffff *-display description: VGA compatible controller product: 2nd Generation Core Processor Family Integrated Graphics Controller vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 2 bus info: pci@0000:00:02.0 version: 09 width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: msi pm vga_controller bus_master cap_list rom configuration: driver=i915 latency=0 resources: irq:47 memory:dc400000-dc7fffff memory:b0000000-bfffffff ioport:e000(size=64) *-communication description: Communication controller product: 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family MEI Controller #1 vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 16 bus info: pci@0000:00:16.0 version: 04 width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm msi bus_master cap_list configuration: driver=mei latency=0 resources: irq:48 memory:df00b000-df00b00f *-usb:0 description: USB controller product: 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family USB Enhanced Host Controller #2 vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1a bus info: pci@0000:00:1a.0 version: 05 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm debug ehci bus_master cap_list configuration: driver=ehci_hcd latency=0 resources: irq:16 memory:df008000-df0083ff *-multimedia description: Audio device product: 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family High Definition Audio Controller vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1b bus info: pci@0000:00:1b.0 version: 05 width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list configuration: driver=snd_hda_intel latency=0 resources: irq:49 memory:df000000-df003fff *-pci:1 description: PCI bridge product: 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port 1 vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1c bus info: pci@0000:00:1c.0 version: b5 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pci pciexpress msi pm normal_decode bus_master cap_list configuration: driver=pcieport resources: irq:41 ioport:c000(size=4096) memory:de600000-deffffff ioport:d4200000(size=10485760) *-pci:2 description: PCI bridge product: 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port 2 vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1c.1 bus info: pci@0000:00:1c.1 version: b5 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pci pciexpress msi pm normal_decode bus_master cap_list configuration: driver=pcieport resources: irq:42 ioport:b000(size=4096) memory:ddc00000-de5fffff ioport:d3700000(size=10485760) *-network description: Wireless interface product: AR9285 Wireless Network Adapter (PCI-Express) vendor: Atheros Communications Inc. physical id: 0 bus info: pci@0000:03:00.0 logical name: wlan0 version: 01 serial: 48:5d:60:f2:2c:fd width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list ethernet physical wireless configuration: broadcast=yes driver=ath9k driverversion=3.2.0-24-generic firmware=N/A ip=192.168.1.6 latency=0 link=yes multicast=yes wireless=IEEE 802.11bgn resources: irq:17 memory:ddc00000-ddc0ffff *-pci:3 description: PCI bridge product: 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port 4 vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1c.3 bus info: pci@0000:00:1c.3 version: b5 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pci pciexpress msi pm normal_decode bus_master cap_list configuration: driver=pcieport resources: irq:43 ioport:a000(size=4096) memory:dd200000-ddbfffff ioport:d2c00000(size=10485760) *-usb description: USB controller product: FL1000G USB 3.0 Host Controller vendor: Fresco Logic physical id: 0 bus info: pci@0000:04:00.0 version: 04 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm msi pciexpress xhci bus_master cap_list configuration: driver=xhci_hcd latency=0 resources: irq:19 memory:dd200000-dd20ffff *-pci:4 description: PCI bridge product: 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port 6 vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1c.5 bus info: pci@0000:00:1c.5 version: b5 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pci pciexpress msi pm normal_decode bus_master cap_list configuration: driver=pcieport resources: irq:44 ioport:9000(size=4096) memory:dc800000-dd1fffff ioport:d2100000(size=10485760) *-network description: Ethernet interface product: RTL8111/8168B PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet controller vendor: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. physical id: 0 bus info: pci@0000:05:00.0 logical name: eth0 version: 06 serial: bc:ae:c5:5f:8a:a1 size: 10Mbit/s capacity: 1Gbit/s width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm msi pciexpress msix vpd bus_master cap_list ethernet physical tp mii 10bt 10bt-fd 100bt 100bt-fd 1000bt 1000bt-fd autonegotiation configuration: autonegotiation=on broadcast=yes driver=r8169 driverversion=2.3LK-NAPI duplex=half firmware=rtl_nic/rtl8168e-2.fw latency=0 link=no multicast=yes port=MII speed=10Mbit/s resources: irq:46 ioport:9000(size=256) memory:d2104000-d2104fff memory:d2100000-d2103fff *-usb:1 description: USB controller product: 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family USB Enhanced Host Controller #1 vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1d bus info: pci@0000:00:1d.0 version: 05 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm debug ehci bus_master cap_list configuration: driver=ehci_hcd latency=0 resources: irq:23 memory:df007000-df0073ff *-isa description: ISA bridge product: HM65 Express Chipset Family LPC Controller vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1f bus info: pci@0000:00:1f.0 version: 05 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: isa bus_master cap_list configuration: latency=0 *-storage description: SATA controller product: 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family 6 port SATA AHCI Controller vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1f.2 bus info: pci@0000:00:1f.2 logical name: scsi0 logical name: scsi2 version: 05 width: 32 bits clock: 66MHz capabilities: storage msi pm ahci_1.0 bus_master cap_list emulated configuration: driver=ahci latency=0 resources: irq:45 ioport:e0b0(size=8) ioport:e0a0(size=4) ioport:e090(size=8) ioport:e080(size=4) ioport:e060(size=32) memory:df006000-df0067ff *-disk description: ATA Disk product: ST9750420AS vendor: Seagate physical id: 0 bus info: scsi@0:0.0.0 logical name: /dev/sda version: 0002 serial: 5WS0A7QR size: 698GiB (750GB) capabilities: partitioned partitioned:dos configuration: ansiversion=5 signature=e0c5913d *-volume:0 description: Windows FAT volume vendor: MSDOS5.0 physical id: 1 bus info: scsi@0:0.0.0,1 logical name: /dev/sda1 version: FAT32 serial: 4ce5-3acb size: 3004MiB capacity: 3004MiB capabilities: primary fat initialized configuration: FATs=2 filesystem=fat *-volume:1 description: EXT4 volume vendor: Linux physical id: 2 bus info: scsi@0:0.0.0,2 logical name: /dev/sda2 logical name: / version: 1.0 serial: c198cc2a-d86a-4460-a4d5-3fc0b21e439c size: 28GiB capacity: 28GiB capabilities: primary journaled extended_attributes large_files huge_files dir_nlink recover extents ext4 ext2 initialized configuration: created=2012-03-15 16:53:54 filesystem=ext4 lastmountpoint=/ modified=2012-05-02 18:52:04 mount.fstype=ext4 mount.options=rw,relatime,errors=remount-ro,user_xattr,acl,barrier=1,data=ordered mounted=2012-05-09 19:06:01 state=mounted *-volume:2 description: Windows NTFS volume physical id: 3 bus info: scsi@0:0.0.0,3 logical name: /dev/sda3 version: 3.1 serial: 4c1cdebc-ec09-2947-a3b5-c1f9f1cddc1c size: 152GiB capacity: 152GiB capabilities: primary bootable ntfs initialized configuration: clustersize=4096 created=2011-02-22 16:02:47 filesystem=ntfs label=OS state=clean *-volume:3 description: Extended partition physical id: 4 bus info: scsi@0:0.0.0,4 logical name: /dev/sda4 size: 514GiB capacity: 514GiB capabilities: primary extended partitioned partitioned:extended *-logicalvolume:0 description: Linux swap / Solaris partition physical id: 5 logical name: /dev/sda5 capacity: 10GiB capabilities: nofs *-logicalvolume:1 description: HPFS/NTFS partition physical id: 6 logical name: /dev/sda6 capacity: 504GiB *-cdrom description: DVD-RAM writer product: BD-MLT UJ240AS vendor: MATSHITA physical id: 1 bus info: scsi@2:0.0.0 logical name: /dev/cdrom logical name: /dev/cdrw logical name: /dev/dvd logical name: /dev/dvdrw logical name: /dev/sr0 version: 1.00 capabilities: removable audio cd-r cd-rw dvd dvd-r dvd-ram configuration: ansiversion=5 status=nodisc *-serial UNCLAIMED description: SMBus product: 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family SMBus Controller vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 1f.3 bus info: pci@0000:00:1f.3 version: 05 width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz configuration: latency=0 resources: memory:df005000-df0050ff ioport:e040(size=32)

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  • R: How to pass a list of selection expressions (strings in this case) to the subset function?

    - by John
    Here is some example data: data = data.frame(series = c("1a", "1b", "1e"), reading = c(0.1, 0.4, 0.6)) > data series reading 1 1a 0.1 2 1b 0.4 3 1e 0.6 Which I can pull out selective single rows using subset: > subset (data, series == "1a") series reading 1 1a 0.1 And pull out multiple rows using a logical OR > subset (data, series == "1a" | series == "1e") series reading 1 1a 0.1 3 1e 0.6 But if I have a long list of series expressions, this gets really annoying to input, so I'd prefer to define them in a better way, something like this: series_you_want = c("1a", "1e") (although even this sucks a little) and be able to do something like this, subset (data, series == series_you_want) The above obviously fails, I'm just not sure what the best way to do this is?

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  • Any way to recover ext4 filesystems from a deleted LVM logical volume?

    - by Vegar Nilsen
    The other day I had a proper brain fart moment while expanding a disk on a Linux guest under Vmware. I stretched the Vmware disk file to the desired size and then I did what I usually do on Linux guests without LVM: I deleted the LVM partition and recreated it, starting in the same spot as the old one, but extended to the new size of the disk. (Which will be followed by fsck and resize2fs.) And then I realized that LVM doesn't behave the same way as ext2/3/4 on raw partitions... After restoring the Linux guest from the most recent backup (taken only five hours earlier, luckily) I'm now curious on how I could have recovered from the following scenario. It's after all virtually guaranteed that I'll be a dumb ass in the future as well. Virtual Linux guest with one disk, partitioned into one /boot (primary) partition (/dev/sda1) of 256MB, and the rest in a logical, extended partition (/dev/sda5). /dev/sda5 is then setup as a physical volume with pvcreate, and one volume group (vgroup00) created on top of it with the usual vgcreate command. vgroup00 is then split into two logical volumes root and swap, which are used for / and swap, logically. / is an ext4 file system. Since I had backups of the broken guest I was able to recreate the volume group with vgcfgrestore from the backup LVM setup found under /etc/lvm/backup, with the same UUID for the physical volume and all that. After running this I had two logical volumes with the same size as earlier, with 4GB free space where I had stretched the disk. However, when I tried to run "fsck /dev/mapper/vgroup00-root" it complained about a broken superblock. I tried to locate backup superblocks by running "mke2fs -n /dev/mapper/vgroup00-root" but none of those worked either. Then I tried to run TestDisk but when I asked it to find superblocks it only gave an error about not being able to open the file system due to a broken file system. So, with the default allocation policy for LVM2 in Ubuntu Server 10.04 64-bit, is it possible that the logical volumes are allocated from the end of the volume group? That would definitely explain why the restored logical volumes didn't contain the expected data. Could I have recovered by recreating /dev/sda5 with exactly the same size and disk position as earlier? Are there any other tools I could have used to find and recover the file system? (And clearly, the question is not whether or not I should have done this in a different way from the start, I know that. This is a question about what to do when shit has already hit the fan.)

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  • How to resize / enlarge / grow a non-LVM ext4 partition

    - by Mischa
    I have already searched the forums, but couldnt find a good suitable answer: I have an Ubuntu Server 10.04 as KVM Host and a guest system, that also runs 10.04. The host system uses LVM and there are three logical volumes, which are provided to the guest as virtual block devices - one for /, one for /home and one for swap. The guest had been partitioned without LVM. I have already enlarged the logical volume in the host system - the guest successfully sees the bigger virtual disk. However, this virtual disk contains one "good old" partition, which still has the old small size. The output of fdisk -l is me@produktion:/$ LC_ALL=en_US sudo fdisk -l Disk /dev/vda: 32.2 GB, 32212254720 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 3916 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x000c8ce7 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/vda1 * 1 3917 31455232 83 Linux Disk /dev/vdb: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes 244 heads, 47 sectors/track, 365 cylinders Units = cylinders of 11468 * 512 = 5871616 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x000f2bf7 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/vdb1 1 366 2095104 82 Linux swap / Solaris Partition 1 has different physical/logical beginnings (non-Linux?): phys=(0, 32, 33) logical=(0, 43, 28) Partition 1 has different physical/logical endings: phys=(260, 243, 47) logical=(365, 136, 44) Disk /dev/vdc: 225.5 GB, 225485783040 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 27413 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00027f25 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/vdc1 1 9138 73398272 83 Linux The output of parted print all is Model: Virtio Block Device (virtblk) Disk /dev/vda: 32.2GB Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B Partition Table: msdos Number Start End Size Type File system Flags 1 1049kB 32.2GB 32.2GB primary ext4 boot Model: Virtio Block Device (virtblk) Disk /dev/vdb: 2147MB Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B Partition Table: msdos Number Start End Size Type File system Flags 1 1049kB 2146MB 2145MB primary linux-swap(v1) Model: Virtio Block Device (virtblk) Disk /dev/vdc: 225GB Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B Partition Table: msdos Number Start End Size Type File system Flags 1 1049kB 75.2GB 75.2GB primary ext4 What I want to achieve is to simply grow or resize the partition /dev/vdc1 so that it uses the whole space provided by the virtual block device /dev/vdc. The problem is, that when I try to do that with parted, it complains: (parted) select /dev/vdc Using /dev/vdc (parted) print Model: Virtio Block Device (virtblk) Disk /dev/vdc: 225GB Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B Partition Table: msdos Number Start End Size Type File system Flags 1 1049kB 75.2GB 75.2GB primary ext4 (parted) resize 1 WARNING: you are attempting to use parted to operate on (resize) a file system. parted's file system manipulation code is not as robust as what you'll find in dedicated, file-system-specific packages like e2fsprogs. We recommend you use parted only to manipulate partition tables, whenever possible. Support for performing most operations on most types of file systems will be removed in an upcoming release. Start? [1049kB]? End? [75.2GB]? 224GB Error: File system has an incompatible feature enabled. Compatible features are has_journal, dir_index, filetype, sparse_super and large_file. Use tune2fs or debugfs to remove features. So what can I do? This is a headless production system. What is a safe way to grow this partition? I CAN unmount it, though - so this is not the problem.

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  • NEC Corporation uPD720200 USB 3.0 controller doesn't run at full speed

    - by Radek Zyskowski
    I have fresh install of Ubuntu 10.10. I have external HD on USB 3.0. Trying to connect this via PCI Express NEC controller. dmesg: [ 8966.820078] usb 6-3: new high speed USB device using xhci_hcd and address 0 [ 8966.839831] xhci_hcd 0000:02:00.0: WARN: short transfer on control ep [ 8966.840580] xhci_hcd 0000:02:00.0: WARN: short transfer on control ep [ 8966.841329] xhci_hcd 0000:02:00.0: WARN: short transfer on control ep [ 8966.842079] xhci_hcd 0000:02:00.0: WARN: short transfer on control ep [ 8966.843343] scsi8 : usb-storage 6-3:1.0 [ 8967.847144] scsi 8:0:0:0: Direct-Access SAMSUNG HD204UI 1AQ1 PQ: 0 ANSI: 5 [ 8967.847589] sd 8:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg2 type 0 [ 8967.847923] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdb] 3907029168 512-byte logical blocks: (2.00 TB/1.81 TiB) [ 8967.848341] xhci_hcd 0000:02:00.0: WARN: Stalled endpoint [ 8967.850959] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdb] Write Protect is off [ 8967.850963] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdb] Mode Sense: 23 00 00 00 [ 8967.850966] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdb] Assuming drive cache: write through [ 8967.851818] xhci_hcd 0000:02:00.0: WARN: Stalled endpoint [ 8967.852365] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdb] Assuming drive cache: write through [ 8967.852370] sdb: sdb1 [ 8967.871315] xhci_hcd 0000:02:00.0: WARN: Stalled endpoint [ 8967.871853] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdb] Assuming drive cache: write through [ 8967.871856] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdb] Attached SCSI disk [ 8967.950728] xhci_hcd 0000:02:00.0: WARN: Stalled endpoint [ 8967.951355] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdb] Sense Key : Recovered Error [current] [descriptor] [ 8967.951361] Descriptor sense data with sense descriptors (in hex): [ 8967.951363] 72 01 04 1d 00 00 00 0e 09 0c 00 00 00 00 00 00 [ 8967.951375] 00 00 00 00 00 50 [ 8967.951380] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdb] ASC=0x4 ASCQ=0x1d [ 8968.790076] xhci_hcd 0000:02:00.0: HC died; cleaning up [ 8968.790076] usb 6-3: USB disconnect, address 2 [ 8999.008554] scsi 8:0:0:0: [sdb] Unhandled error code [ 8999.008558] scsi 8:0:0:0: [sdb] Result: hostbyte=DID_TIME_OUT driverbyte=DRIVER_OK [ 8999.008562] scsi 8:0:0:0: [sdb] CDB: Read(10): 28 00 74 70 97 39 00 00 3e 00 [ 8999.008573] end_request: I/O error, dev sdb, sector 1953535801 [ 8999.008578] Buffer I/O error on device sdb1, logical block 1953535738 [ 8999.008582] Buffer I/O error on device sdb1, logical block 1953535739 [ 8999.008585] Buffer I/O error on device sdb1, logical block 1953535740 [ 8999.008589] Buffer I/O error on device sdb1, logical block 1953535741 [ 8999.008592] Buffer I/O error on device sdb1, logical block 1953535742 [ 8999.008595] Buffer I/O error on device sdb1, logical block 1953535743 [ 8999.008600] Buffer I/O error on device sdb1, logical block 1953535744 [ 8999.008603] Buffer I/O error on device sdb1, logical block 1953535745 [ 8999.008606] Buffer I/O error on device sdb1, logical block 1953535746 [ 8999.008609] Buffer I/O error on device sdb1, logical block 1953535747 [ 8999.008642] scsi 8:0:0:0: rejecting I/O to offline device [ 8999.008747] scsi 8:0:0:0: [sdb] Unhandled error code [ 8999.008749] scsi 8:0:0:0: [sdb] Result: hostbyte=DID_NO_CONNECT driverbyte=DRIVER_OK [ 8999.008752] scsi 8:0:0:0: [sdb] CDB: Read(10): 28 00 74 70 97 77 00 00 3e 00 [ 8999.008760] end_request: I/O error, dev sdb, sector 1953535863 sudo lspci -v 2:00.0 USB Controller: NEC Corporation uPD720200 USB 3.0 Host Controller (rev 03) (prog-if 30) Physical Slot: 32 Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 16 Memory at fe9fe000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=8K] Capabilities: [50] Power Management version 3 Capabilities: [70] MSI: Enable- Count=1/8 Maskable- 64bit+ Capabilities: [90] MSI-X: Enable- Count=8 Masked- Capabilities: [a0] Express Endpoint, MSI 00 Capabilities: [100] Advanced Error Reporting Capabilities: [140] Device Serial Number ff-ff-ff-ff-ff-ff-ff-ff Capabilities: [150] #18 Kernel driver in use: xhci_hcd Kernel modules: xhci-hcd If I try to put into this controller any USB 2.0, it works fine. But USB 3.0 nope. Any idea?

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  • Cannot view, use, or open CDs or DVDs in Ubuntu 12.04

    - by user67592
    I am fairly new to Ubuntu 12.04 and I have encountered a rather irritating problem. Whenever I insert a CD or DVD (whether it have data, music, movies, or nothing at all), nothing pops up saying "you have inserted a CD", "play with Rhythmbox?" etc. It doesn't show the CD in the launcher/dock or anything of the sort. This is especially peculiar because not only do I have a standard IDE built-in optical drive, but I have an external USB optical drive. Neither work. In addition, whenever I go to "Computer///" and I click (double click, right click, or even left click) on "CD/DVD Drive" nothing happens, when I right click and select "Open" nothing happens either [for either of the two drives (both are listed in Computer///)] And if I insert a blank disk and go to a disk burning program such as Brasero, and try to burn to the drive it detects no CDs or DVDs of any kind. I'm rather stumped and can't seem to find a question similar to this. :( Thanks for all your help in advance!! :) ~Preston Output of sudo lshw *-cdrom description: DVD-RAM writer product: CD/DVDW TS-H652M vendor: TSSTcorp physical id: 0.0.0 bus info: scsi@5:0.0.0 logical name: /dev/cdrom logical name: /dev/cdrw logical name: /dev/dvd logical name: /dev/dvdrw logical name: /dev/sr0 version: 0414 capabilities: removable audio cd-r cd-rw dvd dvd-r dvd-ram configuration: ansiversion=5 status=nodisc *-cdrom description: DVD reader product: DVD Writer 300n vendor: HP physical id: 0.0.0 bus info: scsi@4:0.0.0 logical name: /dev/cdrom2 logical name: /dev/cdrw2 logical name: /dev/dvd2 logical name: /dev/sr1 version: 1.25 serial: [ capabilities: removable audio cd-r cd-rw dvd configuration: status=nodisc

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