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  • Black screen appears when booting new install of Ubuntu 11.10 on my desktop, cannot access Grub menu to fix

    - by izn
    I installed 11.10 on my desktop PC but get a black screen after the BIOS screen when I try to boot it. I was able to run 10.04.04 on my hard drive before installing 11.10 and I am also able to use 11.10 on my usb pendrive and CD ROM. I've tried unplugging all USB devices before booting and also upgrading from 11.10 to 11.10. Holding the shift key from the BIOS screen doesn't allow me to access the GRUB menu to try: Highlight the first entry, press “e” to edit it. Navigate to words “quiet splash”, delete them and type “nomodeset” in their place (without quotes). Press Ctrl + X to continue boot. Once on the desktop, go to System Administration Additional Drivers and activate the recommended drivers. So running 11.10 on my pendrive, I tried editing /etc/default/grub, commenting out the GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT setting by putting a '#' in front of it to display the grub menu and setting GRUB_TIMEOUT setting to a value greater than or equal to 1 e.g. GRUB_TIMEOUT=10. However, when I run sudo update-grub, I get: /usr/sbin/grub-probe: error: cannot find a device for / (is /dev mounted?) I get the same error with update-grub after: sudo mount /dev/sda1 /mnt and after: sudo grub-install --root-directory=/mnt /dev/sda reboot sudo update-grub Other suggestions to fix the update-grub problem: Open synaptic, then purge all the related grub installed packages and reinstall grub-pc then and finally: sudo update-grub Or use Grub Customizer http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1195275 What would be the best way to approach this? I'm concerned about purging "all the related grub installed packages" but if it's true some files are corrupted this would seem necessary. Also, was I executing the correct commands i.e. with mount and grub-install, before running grub-update?

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  • Server Crash Diagnosis...Are there any 'black box recorder' style programs available.

    - by columbo
    My redhat server is crashing every three weeks or so at 4:15am ish on Sunday mornings. (well it was sundays the last two have been Thursday mornings at 4:15ish) Looking at the logs (mysql, httpd, messages) there are no clues as to why. They just seem to stop. I ran a little script to take memory readings every 15 minutes and it too stops (with normal readings) at this time. The server is remote at a provider so I can only access it via the web. I use Plesk. It appears to be a set job or something that is causing the issue. I can see nothing in crontab. So my question is...has anyone else had this and can offer advice? Failing that. Does any one know of a way to get more detailed logging than that offered by the messages file? I was thinking of a black box style recording program or maybe something as simple as an option somewhere to increase the level of reporting in the messages log. Thanks

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  • Add collison detection to enemy sprites?

    - by xBroak
    i'd like to add the same collision detection used by the player sprite to the enemy sprites or 'creeps' ive added all the relevant code I can see yet collisons are still not being detected and handled, please find below the class, I have no idea what is wrong currently, the list of walls to collide with is 'wall_list' import pygame import pauseScreen as dm import re from pygame.sprite import Sprite from pygame import Rect, Color from random import randint, choice from vec2d import vec2d from simpleanimation import SimpleAnimation import displattxt black = (0,0,0) white = (255,255,255) blue = (0,0,255) green = (101,194,151) global currentEditTool currentEditTool = "Tree" global editMap editMap = False open('MapMaker.txt', 'w').close() def draw_background(screen, tile_img): screen.fill(black) img_rect = tile_img.get_rect() global rect rect = img_rect nrows = int(screen.get_height() / img_rect.height) + 1 ncols = int(screen.get_width() / img_rect.width) + 1 for y in range(nrows): for x in range(ncols): img_rect.topleft = (x * img_rect.width, y * img_rect.height) screen.blit(tile_img, img_rect) def changeTool(): if currentEditTool == "Tree": None elif currentEditTool == "Rock": None def pauseGame(): red = 255, 0, 0 green = 0,255, 0 blue = 0, 0,255 screen.fill(black) pygame.display.update() if editMap == False: choose = dm.dumbmenu(screen, [ 'Resume', 'Enable Map Editor', 'Quit Game'], 64,64,None,32,1.4,green,red) if choose == 0: print("hi") elif choose ==1: global editMap editMap = True elif choose ==2: print("bob") elif choose ==3: print("bob") elif choose ==4: print("bob") else: None else: choose = dm.dumbmenu(screen, [ 'Resume', 'Disable Map Editor', 'Quit Game'], 64,64,None,32,1.4,green,red) if choose == 0: print("Resume") elif choose ==1: print("Dis ME") global editMap editMap = False elif choose ==2: print("bob") elif choose ==3: print("bob") elif choose ==4: print("bob") else: None class Wall(pygame.sprite.Sprite): # Constructor function def __init__(self,x,y,width,height): pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self) self.image = pygame.Surface([width, height]) self.image.fill(green) self.rect = self.image.get_rect() self.rect.y = y self.rect.x = x class insertTree(pygame.sprite.Sprite): def __init__(self,x,y,width,height, typ): pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self) self.image = pygame.image.load("images/map/tree.png").convert() self.image.set_colorkey(white) self.rect = self.image.get_rect() self.rect.y = y self.rect.x = x class insertRock(pygame.sprite.Sprite): def __init__(self,x,y,width,height, typ): pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self) self.image = pygame.image.load("images/map/rock.png").convert() self.image.set_colorkey(white) self.rect = self.image.get_rect() self.rect.y = y self.rect.x = x class Creep(pygame.sprite.Sprite): """ A creep sprite that bounces off walls and changes its direction from time to time. """ change_x=0 change_y=0 def __init__( self, screen, creep_image, explosion_images, field, init_position, init_direction, speed): """ Create a new Creep. screen: The screen on which the creep lives (must be a pygame Surface object, such as pygame.display) creep_image: Image (surface) object for the creep explosion_images: A list of image objects for the explosion animation. field: A Rect specifying the 'playing field' boundaries. The Creep will bounce off the 'walls' of this field. init_position: A vec2d or a pair specifying the initial position of the creep on the screen. init_direction: A vec2d or a pair specifying the initial direction of the creep. Must have an angle that is a multiple of 45 degres. speed: Creep speed, in pixels/millisecond (px/ms) """ Sprite.__init__(self) self.screen = screen self.speed = speed self.field = field self.rect = creep_image.get_rect() # base_image holds the original image, positioned to # angle 0. # image will be rotated. # self.base_image = creep_image self.image = self.base_image self.explosion_images = explosion_images # A vector specifying the creep's position on the screen # self.pos = vec2d(init_position) # The direction is a normalized vector # self.direction = vec2d(init_direction).normalized() self.state = Creep.ALIVE self.health = 15 def is_alive(self): return self.state in (Creep.ALIVE, Creep.EXPLODING) def changespeed(self,x,y): self.change_x+=x self.change_y+=y def update(self, time_passed, walls): """ Update the creep. time_passed: The time passed (in ms) since the previous update. """ if self.state == Creep.ALIVE: # Maybe it's time to change the direction ? # self._change_direction(time_passed) # Make the creep point in the correct direction. # Since our direction vector is in screen coordinates # (i.e. right bottom is 1, 1), and rotate() rotates # counter-clockwise, the angle must be inverted to # work correctly. # self.image = pygame.transform.rotate( self.base_image, -self.direction.angle) # Compute and apply the displacement to the position # vector. The displacement is a vector, having the angle # of self.direction (which is normalized to not affect # the magnitude of the displacement) # displacement = vec2d( self.direction.x * self.speed * time_passed, self.direction.y * self.speed * time_passed) self.pos += displacement # When the image is rotated, its size is changed. # We must take the size into account for detecting # collisions with the walls. # self.image_w, self.image_h = self.image.get_size() bounds_rect = self.field.inflate( -self.image_w, -self.image_h) if self.pos.x < bounds_rect.left: self.pos.x = bounds_rect.left self.direction.x *= -1 elif self.pos.x > bounds_rect.right: self.pos.x = bounds_rect.right self.direction.x *= -1 elif self.pos.y < bounds_rect.top: self.pos.y = bounds_rect.top self.direction.y *= -1 elif self.pos.y > bounds_rect.bottom: self.pos.y = bounds_rect.bottom self.direction.y *= -1 # collision detection old_x=bounds_rect.left new_x=old_x+self.direction.x bounds_rect.left = new_x # hit a wall? collide = pygame.sprite.spritecollide(self, walls, False) if collide: # yes bounds_rect.left=old_x old_y=self.pos.y new_y=old_y+self.direction.y self.pos.y = new_y collide = pygame.sprite.spritecollide(self, walls, False) if collide: # yes self.pos.y=old_y elif self.state == Creep.EXPLODING: if self.explode_animation.active: self.explode_animation.update(time_passed) else: self.state = Creep.DEAD self.kill() elif self.state == Creep.DEAD: pass #------------------ PRIVATE PARTS ------------------# # States the creep can be in. # # ALIVE: The creep is roaming around the screen # EXPLODING: # The creep is now exploding, just a moment before dying. # DEAD: The creep is dead and inactive # (ALIVE, EXPLODING, DEAD) = range(3) _counter = 0 def _change_direction(self, time_passed): """ Turn by 45 degrees in a random direction once per 0.4 to 0.5 seconds. """ self._counter += time_passed if self._counter > randint(400, 500): self.direction.rotate(45 * randint(-1, 1)) self._counter = 0 def _point_is_inside(self, point): """ Is the point (given as a vec2d) inside our creep's body? """ img_point = point - vec2d( int(self.pos.x - self.image_w / 2), int(self.pos.y - self.image_h / 2)) try: pix = self.image.get_at(img_point) return pix[3] > 0 except IndexError: return False def _decrease_health(self, n): """ Decrease my health by n (or to 0, if it's currently less than n) """ self.health = max(0, self.health - n) if self.health == 0: self._explode() def _explode(self): """ Starts the explosion animation that ends the Creep's life. """ self.state = Creep.EXPLODING pos = ( self.pos.x - self.explosion_images[0].get_width() / 2, self.pos.y - self.explosion_images[0].get_height() / 2) self.explode_animation = SimpleAnimation( self.screen, pos, self.explosion_images, 100, 300) global remainingCreeps remainingCreeps-=1 if remainingCreeps == 0: print("all dead") def draw(self): """ Blit the creep onto the screen that was provided in the constructor. """ if self.state == Creep.ALIVE: # The creep image is placed at self.pos. To allow for # smooth movement even when the creep rotates and the # image size changes, its placement is always # centered. # self.draw_rect = self.image.get_rect().move( self.pos.x - self.image_w / 2, self.pos.y - self.image_h / 2) self.screen.blit(self.image, self.draw_rect) # The health bar is 15x4 px. # health_bar_x = self.pos.x - 7 health_bar_y = self.pos.y - self.image_h / 2 - 6 self.screen.fill( Color('red'), (health_bar_x, health_bar_y, 15, 4)) self.screen.fill( Color('green'), ( health_bar_x, health_bar_y, self.health, 4)) elif self.state == Creep.EXPLODING: self.explode_animation.draw() elif self.state == Creep.DEAD: pass def mouse_click_event(self, pos): """ The mouse was clicked in pos. """ if self._point_is_inside(vec2d(pos)): self._decrease_health(3) #begin new player class Player(pygame.sprite.Sprite): change_x=0 change_y=0 frame = 0 def __init__(self,x,y): pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self) # LOAD PLATER IMAGES # Set height, width self.images = [] for i in range(1,17): img = pygame.image.load("images/player/" + str(i)+".png").convert() #player images img.set_colorkey(white) self.images.append(img) self.image = self.images[0] self.rect = self.image.get_rect() self.rect.y = y self.rect.x = x self.health = 15 self.image_w, self.image_h = self.image.get_size() health_bar_x = self.rect.x - 7 health_bar_y = self.rect.y - self.image_h / 2 - 6 screen.fill( Color('red'), (health_bar_x, health_bar_y, 15, 4)) screen.fill( Color('green'), ( health_bar_x, health_bar_y, self.health, 4)) def changespeed(self,x,y): self.change_x+=x self.change_y+=y def _decrease_health(self, n): """ Decrease my health by n (or to 0, if it's currently less than n) """ self.health = max(0, self.health - n) if self.health == 0: self._explode() def update(self,walls): # collision detection old_x=self.rect.x new_x=old_x+self.change_x self.rect.x = new_x # hit a wall? collide = pygame.sprite.spritecollide(self, walls, False) if collide: # yes self.rect.x=old_x old_y=self.rect.y new_y=old_y+self.change_y self.rect.y = new_y collide = pygame.sprite.spritecollide(self, walls, False) if collide: # yes self.rect.y=old_y # right to left if self.change_x < 0: self.frame += 1 if self.frame > 3*4: self.frame = 0 # Grab the image, divide by 4 # every 4 frames. self.image = self.images[self.frame//4] # Move left to right. # images 4...7 instead of 0...3. if self.change_x > 0: self.frame += 1 if self.frame > 3*4: self.frame = 0 self.image = self.images[self.frame//4+4] if self.change_y > 0: self.frame += 1 if self.frame > 3*4: self.frame = 0 self.image = self.images[self.frame//4+4+4] if self.change_y < 0: self.frame += 1 if self.frame > 3*4: self.frame = 0 self.image = self.images[self.frame//4+4+4+4] score = 0 # initialize pyGame pygame.init() # 800x600 sized screen global screen screen = pygame.display.set_mode([800, 600]) screen.fill(black) #bg_tile_img = pygame.image.load('images/map/grass.png').convert_alpha() #draw_background(screen, bg_tile_img) #pygame.display.flip() # Set title pygame.display.set_caption('Test') #background = pygame.Surface(screen.get_size()) #background = background.convert() #background.fill(black) # Create the player player = Player( 50,50 ) player.rect.x=50 player.rect.y=50 movingsprites = pygame.sprite.RenderPlain() movingsprites.add(player) # Make the walls. (x_pos, y_pos, width, height) global wall_list wall_list=pygame.sprite.RenderPlain() wall=Wall(0,0,10,600) # left wall wall_list.add(wall) wall=Wall(10,0,790,10) # top wall wall_list.add(wall) #wall=Wall(10,200,100,10) # poke wall wall_list.add(wall) wall=Wall(790,0,10,600) #(x,y,thickness, height) wall_list.add(wall) wall=Wall(10,590,790,10) #(x,y,thickness, height) wall_list.add(wall) f = open('MapMaker.txt') num_lines = sum(1 for line in f) print(num_lines) lineCount = 0 with open("MapMaker.txt") as infile: for line in infile: f = open('MapMaker.txt') print(line) coords = line.split(',') #print(coords[0]) #print(coords[1]) #print(coords[2]) #print(coords[3]) #print(coords[4]) if "tree" in line: print("tree in") wall=insertTree(int(coords[0]),int(coords[1]), int(coords[2]),int(coords[3]),coords[4]) wall_list.add(wall) elif "rock" in line: print("rock in") wall=insertRock(int(coords[0]),int(coords[1]), int(coords[2]),int(coords[3]),coords[4] ) wall_list.add(wall) width = 20 height = 540 height = height - 48 for i in range(0,23): width = width + 32 name = insertTree(width,540,790,10,"tree") #wall_list.add(name) name = insertTree(width,height,690,10,"tree") #wall_list.add(name) CREEP_SPAWN_TIME = 200 # frames creep_spawn = CREEP_SPAWN_TIME clock = pygame.time.Clock() bg_tile_img = pygame.image.load('images/map/grass.png').convert() img_rect = bg_tile_img FIELD_RECT = Rect(50, 50, 700, 500) CREEP_FILENAMES = [ 'images/player/1.png', 'images/player/1.png', 'images/player/1.png'] N_CREEPS = 3 creep_images = [ pygame.image.load(filename).convert_alpha() for filename in CREEP_FILENAMES] explosion_img = pygame.image.load('images/map/tree.png').convert_alpha() explosion_images = [ explosion_img, pygame.transform.rotate(explosion_img, 90)] creeps = pygame.sprite.RenderPlain() done = False #bg_tile_img = pygame.image.load('images/map/grass.png').convert() #draw_background(screen, bg_tile_img) totalCreeps = 0 remainingCreeps = 3 while done == False: creep_images = pygame.image.load("images/player/1.png").convert() creep_images.set_colorkey(white) draw_background(screen, bg_tile_img) if len(creeps) != N_CREEPS: if totalCreeps < N_CREEPS: totalCreeps = totalCreeps + 1 print(totalCreeps) creeps.add( Creep( screen=screen, creep_image=creep_images, explosion_images=explosion_images, field=FIELD_RECT, init_position=( randint(FIELD_RECT.left, FIELD_RECT.right), randint(FIELD_RECT.top, FIELD_RECT.bottom)), init_direction=(choice([-1, 1]), choice([-1, 1])), speed=0.01)) for creep in creeps: creep.update(60,wall_list) creep.draw() for event in pygame.event.get(): if event.type == pygame.QUIT: done=True if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN: if event.key == pygame.K_LEFT: player.changespeed(-2,0) creep.changespeed(-2,0) if event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT: player.changespeed(2,0) creep.changespeed(2,0) if event.key == pygame.K_UP: player.changespeed(0,-2) creep.changespeed(0,-2) if event.key == pygame.K_DOWN: player.changespeed(0,2) creep.changespeed(0,2) if event.key == pygame.K_ESCAPE: pauseGame() if event.key == pygame.K_1: global currentEditTool currentEditTool = "Tree" changeTool() if event.key == pygame.K_2: global currentEditTool currentEditTool = "Rock" changeTool() if event.type == pygame.KEYUP: if event.key == pygame.K_LEFT: player.changespeed(2,0) creep.changespeed(2,0) if event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT: player.changespeed(-2,0) creep.changespeed(-2,0) if event.key == pygame.K_UP: player.changespeed(0,2) creep.changespeed(0,2) if event.key == pygame.K_DOWN: player.changespeed(0,-2) creep.changespeed(0,-2) if event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN and pygame.mouse.get_pressed()[0]: for creep in creeps: creep.mouse_click_event(pygame.mouse.get_pos()) if editMap == True: x,y = pygame.mouse.get_pos() if currentEditTool == "Tree": name = insertTree(x-10,y-25, 10 , 10, "tree") wall_list.add(name) wall_list.draw(screen) f = open('MapMaker.txt', "a+") image = pygame.image.load("images/map/tree.png").convert() screen.blit(image, (30,10)) pygame.display.flip() f.write(str(x) + "," + str(y) + ",790,10, tree\n") #f.write("wall=insertTree(" + str(x) + "," + str(y) + ",790,10)\nwall_list.add(wall)\n") elif currentEditTool == "Rock": name = insertRock(x-10,y-25, 10 , 10,"rock") wall_list.add(name) wall_list.draw(screen) f = open('MapMaker.txt', "a+") f.write(str(x) + "," + str(y) + ",790,10,rock\n") #f.write("wall=insertRock(" + str(x) + "," + str(y) + ",790,10)\nwall_list.add(wall)\n") else: None #pygame.display.flip() player.update(wall_list) movingsprites.draw(screen) wall_list.draw(screen) pygame.display.flip() clock.tick(60) pygame.quit()

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  • StreamInsight 2.1, meet LINQ

    - by Roman Schindlauer
    Someone recently called LINQ “magic” in my hearing. I leapt to LINQ’s defense immediately. Turns out some people don’t realize “magic” is can be a pejorative term. I thought LINQ needed demystification. Here’s your best demystification resource: http://blogs.msdn.com/b/mattwar/archive/2008/11/18/linq-links.aspx. I won’t repeat much of what Matt Warren says in his excellent series, but will talk about some core ideas and how they affect the 2.1 release of StreamInsight. Let’s tell the story of a LINQ query. Compile time It begins with some code: IQueryable<Product> products = ...; var query = from p in products             where p.Name == "Widget"             select p.ProductID; foreach (int id in query) {     ... When the code is compiled, the C# compiler (among other things) de-sugars the query expression (see C# spec section 7.16): ... var query = products.Where(p => p.Name == "Widget").Select(p => p.ProductID); ... Overload resolution subsequently binds the Queryable.Where<Product> and Queryable.Select<Product, int> extension methods (see C# spec sections 7.5 and 7.6.5). After overload resolution, the compiler knows something interesting about the anonymous functions (lambda syntax) in the de-sugared code: they must be converted to expression trees, i.e.,“an object structure that represents the structure of the anonymous function itself” (see C# spec section 6.5). The conversion is equivalent to the following rewrite: ... var prm1 = Expression.Parameter(typeof(Product), "p"); var prm2 = Expression.Parameter(typeof(Product), "p"); var query = Queryable.Select<Product, int>(     Queryable.Where<Product>(         products,         Expression.Lambda<Func<Product, bool>>(Expression.Property(prm1, "Name"), prm1)),         Expression.Lambda<Func<Product, int>>(Expression.Property(prm2, "ProductID"), prm2)); ... If the “products” expression had type IEnumerable<Product>, the compiler would have chosen the Enumerable.Where and Enumerable.Select extension methods instead, in which case the anonymous functions would have been converted to delegates. At this point, we’ve reduced the LINQ query to familiar code that will compile in C# 2.0. (Note that I’m using C# snippets to illustrate transformations that occur in the compiler, not to suggest a viable compiler design!) Runtime When the above program is executed, the Queryable.Where method is invoked. It takes two arguments. The first is an IQueryable<> instance that exposes an Expression property and a Provider property. The second is an expression tree. The Queryable.Where method implementation looks something like this: public static IQueryable<T> Where<T>(this IQueryable<T> source, Expression<Func<T, bool>> predicate) {     return source.Provider.CreateQuery<T>(     Expression.Call(this method, source.Expression, Expression.Quote(predicate))); } Notice that the method is really just composing a new expression tree that calls itself with arguments derived from the source and predicate arguments. Also notice that the query object returned from the method is associated with the same provider as the source query. By invoking operator methods, we’re constructing an expression tree that describes a query. Interestingly, the compiler and operator methods are colluding to construct a query expression tree. The important takeaway is that expression trees are built in one of two ways: (1) by the compiler when it sees an anonymous function that needs to be converted to an expression tree, and; (2) by a query operator method that constructs a new queryable object with an expression tree rooted in a call to the operator method (self-referential). Next we hit the foreach block. At this point, the power of LINQ queries becomes apparent. The provider is able to determine how the query expression tree is evaluated! The code that began our story was intentionally vague about the definition of the “products” collection. Maybe it is a queryable in-memory collection of products: var products = new[]     { new Product { Name = "Widget", ProductID = 1 } }.AsQueryable(); The in-memory LINQ provider works by rewriting Queryable method calls to Enumerable method calls in the query expression tree. It then compiles the expression tree and evaluates it. It should be mentioned that the provider does not blindly rewrite all Queryable calls. It only rewrites a call when its arguments have been rewritten in a way that introduces a type mismatch, e.g. the first argument to Queryable.Where<Product> being rewritten as an expression of type IEnumerable<Product> from IQueryable<Product>. The type mismatch is triggered initially by a “leaf” expression like the one associated with the AsQueryable query: when the provider recognizes one of its own leaf expressions, it replaces the expression with the original IEnumerable<> constant expression. I like to think of this rewrite process as “type irritation” because the rewritten leaf expression is like a foreign body that triggers an immune response (further rewrites) in the tree. The technique ensures that only those portions of the expression tree constructed by a particular provider are rewritten by that provider: no type irritation, no rewrite. Let’s consider the behavior of an alternative LINQ provider. If “products” is a collection created by a LINQ to SQL provider: var products = new NorthwindDataContext().Products; the provider rewrites the expression tree as a SQL query that is then evaluated by your favorite RDBMS. The predicate may ultimately be evaluated using an index! In this example, the expression associated with the Products property is the “leaf” expression. StreamInsight 2.1 For the in-memory LINQ to Objects provider, a leaf is an in-memory collection. For LINQ to SQL, a leaf is a table or view. When defining a “process” in StreamInsight 2.1, what is a leaf? To StreamInsight a leaf is logic: an adapter, a sequence, or even a query targeting an entirely different LINQ provider! How do we represent the logic? Remember that a standing query may outlive the client that provisioned it. A reference to a sequence object in the client application is therefore not terribly useful. But if we instead represent the code constructing the sequence as an expression, we can host the sequence in the server: using (var server = Server.Connect(...)) {     var app = server.Applications["my application"];     var source = app.DefineObservable(() => Observable.Range(0, 10, Scheduler.NewThread));     var query = from i in source where i % 2 == 0 select i; } Example 1: defining a source and composing a query Let’s look in more detail at what’s happening in example 1. We first connect to the remote server and retrieve an existing app. Next, we define a simple Reactive sequence using the Observable.Range method. Notice that the call to the Range method is in the body of an anonymous function. This is important because it means the source sequence definition is in the form of an expression, rather than simply an opaque reference to an IObservable<int> object. The variation in Example 2 fails. Although it looks similar, the sequence is now a reference to an in-memory observable collection: var local = Observable.Range(0, 10, Scheduler.NewThread); var source = app.DefineObservable(() => local); // can’t serialize ‘local’! Example 2: error referencing unserializable local object The Define* methods support definitions of operator tree leaves that target the StreamInsight server. These methods all have the same basic structure. The definition argument is a lambda expression taking between 0 and 16 arguments and returning a source or sink. The method returns a proxy for the source or sink that can then be used for the usual style of LINQ query composition. The “define” methods exploit the compile-time C# feature that converts anonymous functions into translatable expression trees! Query composition exploits the runtime pattern that allows expression trees to be constructed by operators taking queryable and expression (Expression<>) arguments. The practical upshot: once you’ve Defined a source, you can compose LINQ queries in the familiar way using query expressions and operator combinators. Notably, queries can be composed using pull-sequences (LINQ to Objects IQueryable<> inputs), push sequences (Reactive IQbservable<> inputs), and temporal sequences (StreamInsight IQStreamable<> inputs). You can even construct processes that span these three domains using “bridge” method overloads (ToEnumerable, ToObservable and To*Streamable). Finally, the targeted rewrite via type irritation pattern is used to ensure that StreamInsight computations can leverage other LINQ providers as well. Consider the following example (this example depends on Interactive Extensions): var source = app.DefineEnumerable((int id) =>     EnumerableEx.Using(() =>         new NorthwindDataContext(), context =>             from p in context.Products             where p.ProductID == id             select p.ProductName)); Within the definition, StreamInsight has no reason to suspect that it ‘owns’ the Queryable.Where and Queryable.Select calls, and it can therefore defer to LINQ to SQL! Let’s use this source in the context of a StreamInsight process: var sink = app.DefineObserver(() => Observer.Create<string>(Console.WriteLine)); var query = from name in source(1).ToObservable()             where name == "Widget"             select name; using (query.Bind(sink).Run("process")) {     ... } When we run the binding, the source portion which filters on product ID and projects the product name is evaluated by SQL Server. Outside of the definition, responsibility for evaluation shifts to the StreamInsight server where we create a bridge to the Reactive Framework (using ToObservable) and evaluate an additional predicate. It’s incredibly easy to define computations that span multiple domains using these new features in StreamInsight 2.1! Regards, The StreamInsight Team

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  • iPhone like red badge notification in a WPF project?

    - by Norbert
    I have a C# WPF project which generates daily and weekly reports automatically. I want to inform the user when new reports are available, so I thought of a badge like on the iPhone where the number of new messages appears on a little red circle: I thought of three images: Two images with semi circles on the left and right if the number to display is small. And a third image for the middle for the case that the number is large (123) and wouldn't fit in a circle. I want a glossy effect, so I've thought of pictures. Does anyone have a good idea how to do this without pictures but programmatically?

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  • How to route tree-structured URLs with ASP.NET Routing?

    - by Venemo
    Hello Everyone, I would like to achieve something very similar to this question, with some enhancements. There is an ASP.NET MVC web application. I have a tree of entities. For example, a Page class which has a property called Children, which is of type IList<Page>. (An instance of the Page class corresponds to a row in a database.) I would like to assign a unique URL to every Page in the database. I handle Page objects with a Controller called PageController. Example URLs: http://mysite.com/Page1/ http://mysite.com/Page1/SubPage/ http://mysite.com/Page/ChildPage/GrandChildPage/ You get the picture. So, I'd like every single Page object to have its own URL that is equal to its parent's URL plus its own name. In addition to that, I also would like the ability to map a single Page to the / (root) URL. I would like to apply these rules: If a URL can be handled with any other route, or a file exists in the filesystem in the specified URL, let the default URL mapping happen If a URL can be handled by the virtual path provider, let that handle it If there is no other, map the other URLs to the PageController class I also found this question, and also this one and this one, but they weren't of much help, since they don't provide an explanation about my first two points. I see the following possible soutions: Map a route for each page invidually. This requires me to go over the entire tree when the application starts, and adding an exact match route to the end of the route table. I could add a route with {*path} and write a custom IRouteHandler that handles it, but I can't see how could I deal with the first two rules then, since this handler would get to handle everything. So far, the first solution seems to be the right one, because it is also the simplest. I would really appreciate your thoughts on this. Thank you in advance!

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  • How can I update fontconfig to a newer version in Red Hat 5.3?

    - by yan bellavance
    I want to update fontconfig to a newer version but it seems that the OS is still finding the old fontconfig and I need the newer version to build qt. How do I make Red Hat 5.3 see the newer version? I do not know if this helps but when I did a search for fontconfig I found some files in a folder called cache. When I do yum update it tells me everything is up to date but that version is too old and is missing FcFreeTypeQueryFace. Just send me a comment if this is wrong site and ill change it.

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  • TortoiseSVN shows red ! decorator for folder, but no files within it are marked with !

    - by Clay Nichols
    I'm new to SVN. I'm using the latest version (svn 1.6.9, TortoiseSVN 1.6.7.18415). Some folders who a red exclamation point next to them. If I drill down, I find a sub folder with ! as well but no files within that are marked with ! (all are either a green checkmark or no icon (because they are Ignored (like .exe files) . What I've tried: Cleanup {reported success} Add {reports nothing to add. All files either under version control has been ignored per the .ignore property. Commit {succeeds} SVNupdate {succeeds} Restarted computer. Some oddities: -I had a bunch of CVS folders (these files were copied over from a PC that was using CVS but we don't need that version history so I didn't import it into SVN). I deleted those CVS\ folders and they are showing up (as unversioned files) when I CheckIn. Any ideas?

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  • What techniques can be used to detect so called "black holes" (a spider trap) when creating a web crawler?

    - by Tom
    When creating a web crawler, you have to design somekind of system that gathers links and add them to a queue. Some, if not most, of these links will be dynamic, which appear to be different, but do not add any value as they are specifically created to fool crawlers. An example: We tell our crawler to crawl the domain evil.com by entering an initial lookup URL. Lets assume we let it crawl the front page initially, evil.com/index The returned HTML will contain several "unique" links: evil.com/somePageOne evil.com/somePageTwo evil.com/somePageThree The crawler will add these to the buffer of uncrawled URLs. When somePageOne is being crawled, the crawler receives more URLs: evil.com/someSubPageOne evil.com/someSubPageTwo These appear to be unique, and so they are. They are unique in the sense that the returned content is different from previous pages and that the URL is new to the crawler, however it appears that this is only because the developer has made a "loop trap" or "black hole". The crawler will add this new sub page, and the sub page will have another sub page, which will also be added. This process can go on infinitely. The content of each page is unique, but totally useless (it is randomly generated text, or text pulled from a random source). Our crawler will keep finding new pages, which we actually are not interested in. These loop traps are very difficult to find, and if your crawler does not have anything to prevent them in place, it will get stuck on a certain domain for infinity. My question is, what techniques can be used to detect so called black holes? One of the most common answers I have heard is the introduction of a limit on the amount of pages to be crawled. However, I cannot see how this can be a reliable technique when you do not know what kind of site is to be crawled. A legit site, like Wikipedia, can have hundreds of thousands of pages. Such limit could return a false positive for these kind of sites. Any feedback is appreciated. Thanks.

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  • Red Hat cluster: Failure of one of two services sharing the same virtual IP tears down IP

    - by js.
    I'm creating a 2+1 failover cluster under Red Hat 5.5 with 4 services of which 2 have to run on the same node, sharing the same virtual IP address. One of the services on each node needs a (SAN) disk, the other doesn't. I'm using HA-LVM. When I shut down (via ifdown) the two interfaces connected to the SAN to simulate SAN failure, the service needing the disk is disabled, the other keeps running, as expected. Surprisingly (and unfortunately), the virtual IP address shared by the two services on the same machine is also removed, rendering the still-running service useless. How can I configure the cluster to keep the IP address up?

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  • Given a string of red and blue balls, find min number of swaps to club the colors together

    - by efficiencyIsBliss
    We are given a string of the form: RBBR, where R - red and B - blue. We need to find the minimum number of swaps required in order to club the colors together. In the above case that answer would be 1 to get RRBB or BBRR. I feel like an algorithm to sort a partially sorted array would be useful here since a simple sort would give us the number of swaps, but we want the minimum number of swaps. Any ideas? This is allegedly a Microsoft interview question according to this.

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  • Rails 3 HABTM Strange Association: Project and Employee in a tree.

    - by Mauricio
    Hi guys I have to adapt an existing model to a new relation. I have this: A Project has many Employees. the Employees of a Project are organized in some kind of hierarchy (nothing fancy, I resolved this adding a parent_id for each employee to build the 'tree') class Employee < AR:Base belongs_to :project belongs_to :parent, :class_name => 'Employee' has_many :childs, :class_name => 'Employee', :foreign_column => 'parent_id' end class Project < AR:Base has_many :employees, end That worked like a charm, now the new requirement is: The Employees can belong to many Projects at the same time, and the hierarchy will be different according to the project. So I though I will need a new table to build the HABTM, and a new class to access the parent_id to build the tree. Something like class ProjectEmployee < AR:Base belongs_to :project belongs_to :employee belongs_to :parent, :class_name => 'Employee' # <--- ?????? end class Project < AR:Base has_many :project_employee has_many :employees, :through => :project_employee end class Employee < AR:Base has_many :project_employee has_many :projects, :through => :project_employee end How can I access the parent and the childs of an employee for a given project? I need to add and remove childs as wish from the employees of a project. Thank you!

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  • How to SSH into Red Hat Linux (virtual box guest) from Windows 7 (host)?

    - by Gary Hunter
    I have RHEL running in Virtual Box and my native OS is Win 7. From a purely educational standpoint, I want to be able to access RHEL from Win 7 over SSH. I download putty but don;t know how to make it do what I want. Ideally, I would like to use the linux command prompt at a minimum and preferably access the GUI apps also. IS this possible? I am just trying to explore and expand my linux knowledge. Thanks for your time. Gary Hunter

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  • How to install software packages on a shared Red Hat Linux host account without root access or rpm?

    - by jeff
    I have a shared RHEL 4 host account where I do not have root privileges. I would like to install Git and Bash Complete in a way that they can be upgraded easily. To date, I've just been installing from source providing $HOME as a prefix to autoconf. Obviously this isn't ideal as I need to hunt down the files associated with the version I'm upgrading away from and delete them. I've tried using rpm but I just get -bash: rpm: command not found back so it's not available. I also looked into checkinstall but it looks like that requires rpm, dpkg, or Slackware's package manager to be available. Is there anything out there that can be used like a package manager without requiring root access or an existing package manager?

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  • Intel video driver upgrade now makes my external monitor display red-only with HDMI cable.

    - by Eli
    I have an HP G60 notebook with a Mobile Intel 4 Series Express Chipset video display (Driver version is 8.15.10.2021). OS is Win7 Home Premium. I also have an LG widescreen display that I was connecting to the laptop using an HDMI cable. It was working great, until I applied an Intel 4 Series Express Chipset update from Windows Update. After the update, if I plug the laptop to the monitor using the HDMI cable, it appears I only get the Magenta channel, cause that is all I see. If I connect with the VGA cable, it works fine. So, is it possible it is just the HDMI cable (which IS cheap in this case - fire sale at Blockbuster), and not related to the video driver update at all?

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  • How can I remount an NFS volume on Red Hat Linux?

    - by user76177
    I changed the user id of a user on an NFS client that mounts a volume from another server. My goal is to get the 2 users to have the same id, so that both servers can read and write to the volume. I changed the id successfully on the client system, but now when I look at the NFS mount from that system, it reports the files being owned by the old id. So it looks like I need to "refresh" that mount. I have found many instructions on how to remount, but each seems slightly different according to the type of system. Is there a simple command I can run to get the mounted volume to refresh so that it interprets the new user settings?

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  • Java Iterators - Trying to get a for each loop to work

    - by CS Student
    So I have a Tree<E> class where E is the datatype held and organized by the tree. I'd like to iterate through the Tree like this, or in a way similar to this: 1. Tree<String> tree=new Tree<String>(); 2. ...add some nodes... 3. for (String s : tree) 4. System.out.println(s); It gives me an error on line 3 though. Incompatible types required: java.lang.String found: java.lang.Object The following works fine and as expected though, performing a proper in-order traversal of the tree and printing each node out as it should: for (TreeIterator<String> i = tree.iterator(); i.hasNext(); ) System.out.println(i.next()); Any idea what I'm doing wrong? Do you need to see more of the code?

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  • How to focus a control in an MDIParent when all child windows have closed?

    - by Tim Gradwell
    I have a control in my parent mdi form which I wish to be given the focus if all mdi children have closed. I've tried hooking into the child form's FormClosed event and setting the focus from there but when I test it, my control is not left with focus when I close the mdi child. Can anyone tell me what I'm missing? In the sample below, "first focus" gets hit and does its job correctly (if I comment out the first focus line, my tree does not get focus on startup, so it must be doing its job, right?) Unfortunately, even though "second focus" gets hit, my tree does not end up with the focus when I close the child window. Sample using System; using System.Windows.Forms; namespace mdiFocus { class ParentForm : Form { public ParentForm() { IsMdiContainer = true; tree = new TreeView(); tree.Nodes.Add("SomeNode"); tree.Dock = DockStyle.Left; Controls.Add(tree); } protected override void OnShown(EventArgs e) { Form child = new Form(); child.MdiParent = this; child.Show(); child.FormClosed += new FormClosedEventHandler(child_FormClosed); tree.Focus(); // first focus works ok } void child_FormClosed(object sender, FormClosedEventArgs e) { tree.Focus(); // second focus doesn't seem to work, even though it is hit :( } TreeView tree; } static class Program { [STAThread] static void Main() { Application.Run(new ParentForm()); } } }

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  • How to change tooltip background color in Unity?

    - by kayahr
    In a lot of applications the tooltips are just plain ugly (White text on black background, way too much contrast) or even unreadable (black or dark blue text (Hyperlinks) on black background). I want to change the background color of the tooltips to some medium gray or even some yellow or something like that, maybe even something semi-transparent. Here is a screenshot of Eclipse which displays some source code in a tool tip with black text on black background: Switching to a different theme (Something other than Ambiance or Radiance) helps but I like Ambiance and I want to keep it. It's just this darn tooltip color which is absolutely unacceptable. I found several solutions for older Ubuntu versions but they no longer work with Unity in Ubuntu 11.10 because I can't find any function to customize the Ambiance or Radiance theme. So how do I do that in the current Ubuntu version?

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  • I want to consolidate two sites into a third. Will my search engine rankings be penalized if I rewrite and redirect pages one by one?

    - by Patrick Kenny
    I have two Drupal sites with different content-- let's call them Apple and Orange. I recently developed a much more sophisticated third Drupal site-- let's call it Tree. For a large number of reasons, the content on Apple and Orange is useful for the users of Tree, so I want to move the content to Tree. However, much of the content is out of date. (This whole process took about five years.) To update the content, I will rewrite it one article at a time myself. Now here's my question: if I move the articles one by one (as I rewrite them) and then redirect the old articles (using a 301 redirect) on Apple/Orange to the new site on Tree, will this have a huge negative effect on my search engine rankings? Is there a good way to redirect among sites when they merge like this, or would I be better off keeping the old articles on Apple/Orange and simply linking them to the new, rewritten articles on Tree?

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  • ????????2012?11??: ?SQLTXPLAIN???????SQL??(???)

    - by lanwang
    ????11?????????????(???)???????????OSWatcher Black Box????????;??OSWbb?????????????????;???????OSWatcher Black Box;???????????OSWatcher Black Box Analyzer (OSWbba)?????OSWbb??????  OSWatcher Black Box????????????????????????????,?????:”??OSW (OSWatcher Black Box) ????“??2012?6????????“?RAC????????????” WebEx??????(???)?????:2012?11?15?15:00(????)  ????: 250 409 927 ????????  1. ??????:https://oracleaw.webex.com/oracleaw/onstage/g.php?d=250409927&t=a2. ?????????????????,???????????,????????? InterCall????????Webex???????,???????????,??????:    - ????ID: 31151003   - ????????: 1080 044 111 82   - ?????????: 1080 074 413 29   - ????: 8009 661 55   - ????: 00801148720   - ????????????????MOS?? 1148600.1 ???????:????????????,??????????(31151003)??????(First Name and Last Name)

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  • asp.net, how to change text color to red in child nodes in VB codes?

    - by StudentIT
    I got everything worked now by list of server Name but I want to add a IF statement by checking a column from SQL Server called Compliance by either True or False value listed. If it False, the Name will change text color to Red. If it True, the Name won't change text color. I am not sure how add that in VB codes side. I am pretty sure that I would need to put IF statement inside While dr.Read(). I am pretty new to VB.Net and not sure which VB code that change text color. Here is my VB codes, Sub loadData() 'clear treeview control TreeViewGroups.Nodes.Clear() 'fetch owner data and save to in memory table Dim sqlConn As New System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection((ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings("SOCT").ConnectionString)) Dim strSqlSecondary As String = "SELECT [Name] FROM [dbo].[ServerOwners] where SecondaryOwner like @uid order by [name]" 'Getting a list of True or False from Compliance column Dim strSqlCompliance As String = "SELECT [Compliance] FROM [dbo].[ServerOwners] where SecondaryOwner like @uid order by [name]" Dim cmdSecondary As New System.Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand(strSqlSecondary, sqlConn) Dim cmdCompliance As New System.Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand(strSqlCompliance, sqlConn) cmdSecondary.Parameters.AddWithValue("@uid", TNN.NEAt.GetUserID()) cmdCompliance.Parameters.AddWithValue("@uid", TNN.NEAt.GetUserID()) Dim dr As System.Data.SqlClient.SqlDataReader Try sqlConn.Open() Dim root As TreeNode Dim rootNode As TreeNode Dim firstNode As Integer = 0 'Load Primary Owner Node 'Create RootTreeNode dr = cmdSecondary.ExecuteReader() If dr.HasRows Then 'Load Secondary Owner Node 'Create RootTreeNode root = New TreeNode("Secondary Owner", "Secondary Owner") TreeViewGroups.Nodes.Add(root) root.SelectAction = TreeNodeSelectAction.None rootNode = TreeViewGroups.Nodes(firstNode) 'populate the child nodes While dr.Read() Dim child As TreeNode = New TreeNode(dr("Name"), dr("Name")) rootNode.ChildNodes.Add(child) child.SelectAction = TreeNodeSelectAction.None End While dr.Close() cmdSecondary.Dispose() End If 'check if treeview has nodes If TreeViewGroups.Nodes.Count = 0 Then noServers() End If Catch ex As Exception hide() PanelError.Visible = True LabelError.Text = ex.ToString() Finally sqlConn.Dispose() End Try End Sub

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  • Is a red-black tree my ideal data structure?

    - by Hugo van der Sanden
    I have a collection of items (big rationals) that I'll be processing. In each case, processing will consist of removing the smallest item in the collection, doing some work, and then adding 0-2 new items (which will always be larger than the removed item). The collection will be initialised with one item, and work will continue until it is empty. I'm not sure what size the collection is likely to reach, but I'd expect in the range 1M-100M items. I will not need to locate any item other than the smallest. I'm currently planning to use a red-black tree, possibly tweaked to keep a pointer to the smallest item. However I've never used one before, and I'm unsure whether my pattern of use fits its characteristics well. 1) Is there a danger the pattern of deletion from the left + random insertion will affect performance, eg by requiring a significantly higher number of rotations than random deletion would? Or will delete and insert operations still be O(log n) with this pattern of use? 2) Would some other data structure give me better performance, either because of the deletion pattern or taking advantage of the fact I only ever need to find the smallest item? Update: glad I asked, the binary heap is clearly a better solution for this case, and as promised turned out to be very easy to implement. Hugo

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  • Jquery hiding all descendents of a ul tag...showing child elements as tree menu...

    - by Ronedog
    I want to hide all the descendents of the "ul" for my tree menu when the page loads up, then as each "main" "li" link is clicked display the direct child, and if the direct child has children (grandchild), when the the "Child" is clicked I want it to show the "grandchild" elements. should be simple, but some how I screwed things up and when i click on the main "li" (Heading 1) it displays all of the descendents (Including the "Sub page A - 1"), instead of just the direct children ("Sub Page A"). Which I think means the children, grandchildren, etc. were never hidden to begin with with the .hide(). What I really want to happen is to hide all the descendents (except the main top-level headings) and as I walk down the tree display the children as needed. Any tips on how to make this work? Here's the HTML: <ul id="nav"> <li>Heading 1 <ul> <li>Sub page A <ul> <li>Sub page A - 1</li> <li>Sub page A - 3</li> <li>Sub page A - 2</li> </ul> </li> <li>Sub page B</li> <li>Sub page C</li> </ul> </li> <li>Heading 2 <ul> <li>Sub page D</li> <li>Sub page E</li> <li>Sub page F</li> </ul> </li> <li>Heading 3 <ul> <li>Sub page G</li> <li>Sub page H</li> <li>Sub page I</li> </ul> </li> Here's my Jquery: $(function(){ $('#nav ul').hide(); //Supposed to Hide all <ul> tags for all descendents, but doesn't work $('#nav>li').mouseover(function(){ $(this).addClass("a_hand") }); //Add the class that displays the hand $('#nav>li').toggle(function() { $(this).find('ul').slideDown(200); }, function() { $(this).find('ul').slideUp(200); });//END TOGGLE });//END MAIN FUNCTION thanks.

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