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• How to install Delorme StreetAtlas (any version) + GPS inside VirtualBox VM?

  - by hotei

  When I try to run the install program I get a popup message that says the installer program is not a valid executable. Background: I want a GPS with maps on my laptop running Ubuntu 10.4LTS. Unfortunately I can't find a decent native Linux GPS solution with 50 state US street level coverage. I have VirtualBox VMs available for WinXP and Win7 (among others). The VMs work fine with MicroSoft Streets and Trips (2010) and MapNGo 5 (a very! old Delorme product), but while both these products support GPS, they don't support the Earthmate LT-40 USB GPS I already have. I've got pretty much every Delorme Street Atlas they've released in the last decade and none of them will install in a VM. Any help would be much appreciated. Clarification: I've installed the Delorme products from these CDs before and the disks are fine - as long as installation is done on a "physical" machine. Added: I've tried install from an iso as well as the real CD. No difference in result (setup.exe is not a valid executable) The WinXP is SP-2 (held back on purpose at this point - I'll snapshot and fork a later SP to test). The Win2K is SP-6a. Win7(32) VM is whatever updates came out last week. The USB setup is working at least to the point where the GPS device is active in the device list (has an x in the box). At this point its not relevant because the program that needs to read it can't even be installed. Added 9-19: Added wine as harrymc suggested. Initial result was no change. Here's wines error message. The file '/media/Disk1/setup.exe' is not marked as executable. If this was downloaded or copied form an untrusted source, it may be dangerous to run. For more details, read about the executable bit. At first I thought the execute bit was the problem, but looking at several other windows CDs I see that the execute bit is not set on their exe files (which install to VM without error). Still it was worth a shot so I copied the StreetAtlas 9 DVD to my hard disk, changed the on-disk exe files to have the execute bit set and tried to install again. This time the install via wine got me through the installation process. When I start the program it bombs immediately, so we haven't made much real progress so far. I very much prefer the VM solution to wine, so I'm going back to that for now. To recap the VM situation, using an updated XP with SP3 and all recommended hotfixes: StreetAtlas 2009 USA fails with "not marked as executable". StreetAtlas 2007 USA fails with "not marked as executable". StreetAtlas 9 (copyright 2001) fails with "not marked as executable". SteeetAtlas (copyright 1991) fails with "not marked as executable" Delorme Topo 4 (copyright 2002) fails with "not marked as executable". Just about ready to give up. So I switched from XP VM to Win7 VM and tried StreetAtlas 2009 again. This time it installs. Earthmate USB GPS works. WTH? I feel like the monkey who just wrote a line of Shakespear. I'm smiling because it worked, but I have no clue why. I'm awarding the bounty to harrymc because wine did give some useful insight into the problem and a +1 to goyiux as thanks for helping.

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• Server randomly freezes

  - by PsySkeletor

  Im facing a very strange issue, my debian squeeze freezes up always at night (Berlin, time). Here is what i get from a time and after doing this a few times, it becomes frozen and must be hard-reset. From /var/log/messages Dec 11 01:36:11 srv156 kernel: [125983.204251] CPU 1: Dec 11 01:36:11 srv156 kernel: [125983.204251] Modules linked in: xt_multiport nf_conntrack_ipv4 nf_defrag_ipv4 xt_recent xt_state nf_conntrack xt_tcpudp iptable_filter ip_tables x_tables hwmon_vid snd_hda_codec_atihdmi snd_hda_intel snd_hda_codec snd_hwdep snd_pcm radeon snd_timer ttm drm_kms_helper snd k10temp i2c_piix4 soundcore snd_page_alloc edac_core parport_pc drm i2c_algo_bit i2c_core shpchp pci_hotplug pcspkr edac_mce_amd parport wmi evdev processor button ext3 jbd mbcache raid1 md_mod sd_mod crc_t10dif ata_generic ahci ohci_hcd pata_atiixp e100 mii libata xhci floppy ehci_hcd thermal thermal_sys usbcore scsi_mod nls_base [last unloaded: i2c_dev] Dec 11 01:36:11 srv156 kernel: [125983.204251] Pid: 758, comm: flush-9:0 Tainted: G B 2.6.32-5-amd64 #1 GA-78LMT-USB3 Dec 11 01:36:11 srv156 kernel: [125983.204251] RIP: 0010:[<ffffffff810b3506>] [<ffffffff810b3506>] find_get_pages_tag+0x66/0xdd Dec 11 01:36:11 srv156 kernel: [125983.204251] RSP: 0018:ffff8804235e7b30 EFLAGS: 00000286 Dec 11 01:36:11 srv156 kernel: [125983.204251] RAX: ffffffffffffffff RBX: ffff8804235e7c00 RCX: 0000000000000000 Dec 11 01:36:11 srv156 kernel: [125983.204251] RDX: 0000000000040000 RSI: ffffea000496b2a8 RDI: ffffea000496b2a0 Dec 11 01:36:11 srv156 kernel: [125983.204251] RBP: ffffffff8101166e R08: ffff8804235e7af0 R09: 0000000000000000 Dec 11 01:36:11 srv156 kernel: [125983.204251] R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000040000 R12: ffff8804235e7c08 Dec 11 01:36:11 srv156 kernel: [125983.204251] R13: 0000000d22678a20 R14: ffff8804235e7af0 R15: 00000000091b9060 Dec 11 01:36:11 srv156 kernel: [125983.204251] FS: 0000000000000000(0000) GS:ffff880010440000(0000) knlGS:000000007ebf7b70 Dec 11 01:36:11 srv156 kernel: [125983.204522] CS: 0010 DS: 0018 ES: 0018 CR0: 000000008005003b Dec 11 01:36:11 srv156 kernel: [125983.204522] CR2: 00000000dec86000 CR3: 0000000001001000 CR4: 00000000000006e0 Dec 11 01:36:11 srv156 kernel: [125983.204522] DR0: 0000000000000000 DR1: 0000000000000000 DR2: 0000000000000000 Dec 11 01:36:11 srv156 kernel: [125983.204522] DR3: 0000000000000000 DR6: 00000000ffff0ff0 DR7: 0000000000000400 Dec 11 01:36:11 srv156 kernel: [125983.204522] Call Trace: Dec 11 01:36:11 srv156 kernel: [125983.204522] [<ffffffff810bb792>] ? pagevec_lookup_tag+0x1a/0x21 Dec 11 01:36:11 srv156 kernel: [125983.204522] [<ffffffff810ba330>] ? write_cache_pages+0x162/0x327 Dec 11 01:36:11 srv156 kernel: [125983.204522] [<ffffffff810b9d48>] ? __writepage+0x0/0x25 Dec 11 01:36:11 srv156 kernel: [125983.204522] [<ffffffff8110758a>] ? writeback_single_inode+0xe7/0x2da Dec 11 01:36:11 srv156 kernel: [125983.204522] [<ffffffff81108290>] ? writeback_inodes_wb+0x424/0x4ff Dec 11 01:36:11 srv156 kernel: [125983.204522] [<ffffffff81108497>] ? wb_writeback+0x12c/0x1ab Dec 11 01:36:11 srv156 kernel: [125983.204522] [<ffffffff8110870d>] ? wb_do_writeback+0x14f/0x165 Dec 11 01:36:11 srv156 kernel: [125983.204522] [<ffffffff81108754>] ? bdi_writeback_task+0x31/0xaa Dec 11 01:36:11 srv156 kernel: [125983.204522] [<ffffffff810c8664>] ? bdi_start_fn+0x0/0xd0 Dec 11 01:36:11 srv156 kernel: [125983.204522] [<ffffffff810c86d4>] ? bdi_start_fn+0x70/0xd0 Dec 11 01:36:11 srv156 kernel: [125983.204522] [<ffffffff810c8664>] ? bdi_start_fn+0x0/0xd0 Dec 11 01:36:11 srv156 kernel: [125983.204522] [<ffffffff81064ac1>] ? kthread+0x79/0x81 Dec 11 01:36:11 srv156 kernel: [125983.204522] [<ffffffff81011baa>] ? child_rip+0xa/0x20 Dec 11 01:36:11 srv156 kernel: [125983.204522] [<ffffffff81064a48>] ? kthread+0x0/0x81 Dec 11 01:36:11 srv156 kernel: [125983.204522] [<ffffffff81011ba0>] ? child_rip+0x0/0x20 From /var/log/syslog Dec 10 21:20:29 srv156 kernel: [110625.162930] BUG: Bad page map in process java pte:14fa4f067 pmd:424b54067 Dec 10 21:20:29 srv156 kernel: [110625.162937] page:ffffea000496c148 flags:0200000000000878 count:2 mapcount:-1 mapping:ffff88014f8d7de8 index:2f4 Dec 10 21:20:29 srv156 kernel: [110625.162946] addr:0000000009096000 vm_flags:00100077 anon_vma:ffff880422410d40 mapping:(null) index:9096 Dec 10 21:20:29 srv156 kernel: [110625.162955] Pid: 21356, comm: java Tainted: G B 2.6.32-5-amd64 #1 Dec 10 21:20:29 srv156 kernel: [110625.162961] Call Trace: Dec 10 21:20:29 srv156 kernel: [110625.162966] [<ffffffff810ca4bf>] ? print_bad_pte+0x232/0x24a Dec 10 21:20:29 srv156 kernel: [110625.162973] [<ffffffff810cb56f>] ? unmap_vmas+0x62d/0x931 Dec 10 21:20:29 srv156 kernel: [110625.162980] [<ffffffff810cfc74>] ? exit_mmap+0xc4/0x148 Dec 10 21:20:29 srv156 kernel: [110625.162986] [<ffffffff8104bbc1>] ? mmput+0x3c/0xdf Dec 10 21:20:29 srv156 kernel: [110625.162992] [<ffffffff8104f81e>] ? exit_mm+0x102/0x10d Dec 10 21:20:29 srv156 kernel: [110625.162998] [<ffffffff81051243>] ? do_exit+0x1f8/0x6c9 Dec 10 21:20:29 srv156 kernel: [110625.163004] [<ffffffff81071abb>] ? futex_wake+0xd6/0xe7 Dec 10 21:20:29 srv156 kernel: [110625.163010] [<ffffffff8105178a>] ? do_group_exit+0x76/0x9d Dec 10 21:20:29 srv156 kernel: [110625.163016] [<ffffffff8105df9f>] ? get_signal_to_deliver+0x310/0x339 Dec 10 21:20:29 srv156 kernel: [110625.163023] [<ffffffff81010037>] ? do_notify_resume+0x87/0x73f Dec 10 21:20:29 srv156 kernel: [110625.163029] [<ffffffff810cc664>] ? handle_mm_fault+0x7aa/0x80f Dec 10 21:20:29 srv156 kernel: [110625.163036] [<ffffffff81073f14>] ? compat_sys_futex+0x10d/0x12b Dec 10 21:20:29 srv156 kernel: [110625.163043] [<ffffffff812fb546>] ? do_page_fault+0x2e0/0x2fc Dec 10 21:20:29 srv156 kernel: [110625.163049] [<ffffffff81010e0e>] ? int_signal+0x12/0x17 Dec 10 21:20:29 srv156 kernel: [110625.163114] BUG: Bad page state in process java pfn:14fa0c Dec 10 21:20:29 srv156 kernel: [110625.163120] page:ffffea000496b2a0 flags:020000000002001c count:0 mapcount:-1 mapping:ffff88039dc0db30 index:11e3 Dec 10 21:20:29 srv156 kernel: [110625.164563] Pid: 21356, comm: java Tainted: G B 2.6.32-5-amd64 #1 Dec 10 21:20:29 srv156 kernel: [110625.164570] Call Trace: Dec 10 21:20:29 srv156 kernel: [110625.164578] [<ffffffff810b71a9>] ? bad_page+0x116/0x129 Dec 10 21:20:29 srv156 kernel: [110625.164586] [<ffffffff810b7692>] ? free_pages_check+0x38/0x57 Dec 10 21:20:29 srv156 kernel: [110625.164595] [<ffffffff810b89cf>] ? free_hot_cold_page+0x46/0x190 Dec 10 21:20:29 srv156 kernel: [110625.164603] [<ffffffff810b8b82>] ? __pagevec_free+0x69/0x7f Dec 10 21:20:29 srv156 kernel: [110625.164611] [<ffffffff810bba3f>] ? release_pages+0x137/0x18d Dec 10 21:20:29 srv156 kernel: [110625.164620] [<ffffffff810d8559>] ? free_pages_and_swap_cache+0x57/0x73 Dec 10 21:20:29 srv156 kernel: [110625.164629] [<ffffffff810cb5ed>] ? unmap_vmas+0x6ab/0x931 Dec 10 21:20:29 srv156 kernel: [110625.164637] [<ffffffff810cfc74>] ? exit_mmap+0xc4/0x148 Dec 10 21:20:29 srv156 kernel: [110625.164644] [<ffffffff8104bbc1>] ? mmput+0x3c/0xdf Dec 10 21:20:29 srv156 kernel: [110625.164652] [<ffffffff8104f81e>] ? exit_mm+0x102/0x10d Dec 10 21:20:29 srv156 kernel: [110625.164660] [<ffffffff81051243>] ? do_exit+0x1f8/0x6c9 Dec 10 21:20:29 srv156 kernel: [110625.164667] [<ffffffff81071abb>] ? futex_wake+0xd6/0xe7 Dec 10 21:20:29 srv156 kernel: [110625.164675] [<ffffffff8105178a>] ? do_group_exit+0x76/0x9d Dec 10 21:20:29 srv156 kernel: [110625.164683] [<ffffffff8105df9f>] ? get_signal_to_deliver+0x310/0x339 Dec 10 21:20:29 srv156 kernel: [110625.164692] [<ffffffff81010037>] ? do_notify_resume+0x87/0x73f Dec 10 21:20:29 srv156 kernel: [110625.164700] [<ffffffff810cc664>] ? handle_mm_fault+0x7aa/0x80f The last piece of log, has been recently posted, because I've just found it. It seems Java process do something and began to slowly eat all the resources of the server. I don't know exactly if this could be the root cause. Im using Debian Squeeze. uname -a Linux srv156 2.6.32-5-amd64 #1 SMP Sun Sep 23 11:00:33 UTC 2012 x86_64 GNU/Linux I really will appreciate your help, i dont know what more to do.

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• How to use BCDEdit to dual boot Windows installations?

  - by Ian Boyd

  What are the bcdedit commands necessary to setup dual boot between different installations of Windows?5 Background i recently installed Windows 8 onto a separate hard drive1. Now that Windows 8 in installed i want to dual-boot back to Windows 7. i have my two2 hard drives: So you can see that i have my two disks, with the partitions containing Windows: Windows 7: \\PhysicalDisk0 (partition 03) Windows 8: \\PhysicalDisk2 (partition 1) What i'm trying to figure out how is how to use bcdedit to instruct the thing that boots Windows that there is another Windows installation out there. Running bcdedit now, it shows current configuration: C:\WINDOWS\system32>bcdedit Windows Boot Manager -------------------- identifier {bootmgr} device partition=\Device\HarddiskVolume2 description Windows Boot Manager locale en-US inherit {globalsettings} integrityservices Enable default {current} resumeobject {ce153eb7-3786-11e2-87c0-e740e123299f} displayorder {current} toolsdisplayorder {memdiag} timeout 30 Windows Boot Loader ------------------- identifier {current} device partition=C: path \WINDOWS\system32\winload.exe description Windows 8 locale en-US inherit {bootloadersettings} recoverysequence {ce153eb9-3786-11e2-87c0-e740e123299f} integrityservices Enable recoveryenabled Yes allowedinmemorysettings 0x15000075 osdevice partition=C: systemroot \WINDOWS resumeobject {ce153eb7-3786-11e2-87c0-e740e123299f} nx OptIn bootmenupolicy Standard hypervisorlaunchtype Auto i cannot find any documentation on the difference between Windows Boot Manager and Windows Boot Loader. Documentation There is some documentation on Bcdedit: Technet: Command Line Reference - Bcdedit Technet: Windows Automated Installation Kit - BCDEdit Command Line Options Whitepaper - BCDEdit Commands for Boot Environment (Word Document) But they don't explain how edit the binary boot configuration data If i had to guess, i would think that a Windows Boot Manager instructs the BIOS what program it should run. That program would give the user a set of boot choices. That leaves Windows Boot Loader do be a particular boot choice, that represents a particular installation of Windows. If that is the case i would need to create a new Windows Boot Loader entry. This means i might want to use the /create parameter: /create Creates a new boot entry: bcdedit [/store filename] /create [id] /d description [/application apptype | /inherit [apptype] | /inherit DEVICE | /device] So i assume a syntax of: >bcdedit /create /d "The old Windows 7" /application osloader Where application can be one of the following types: Apptype Description BOOTSECTOR The boot sector application OSLOADER The Windows boot loader RESUME A resume application Unfortunately, the only documentation about osloader is "The Windows boot loader". i don't see how that can differentiate between Windows 8 on one hard drive, and Windows 7 on another. The other possible parameter when /create a boot loader is >bcdedit /create /D "Windows Vista" /device "The Quick Brown Fox" Unfortunately the documentation is missing for /device: /device Optional. If id is not set to a well-known identifier, the option that is used to specify the new boot entry as an additional device options entry. Since i did not set id to a well-known identifier, i must set /device to "the option that is used to specify the new boot entry as an additional device options entry". i know all those words; they're all English. But i have on idea what it is saying; those words in that order seem nonsensical. So i'm somewhat stymied. i don't want to be like Dan Stolts from Microsoft: I found no content that was particularly helpful when I hosed my machine by playing with BCDEdit. This post would have been ok if there was much more detail especially on the /set command OSDevice, etc. So once I got my machine fixed, I documented the solution and the information is here.... i mean, if a Microsoft guy can't even figure out how to use BCDEdit to edit his BCD, then what chance to i have? Bonus Reading BCDEdit Command-Line Options Bcdedit Server 2008 R2 or Windows 7 System Will NOT Boot After Making Changes To Boot Manager Using BCDEdit Visual BCD Editor4 Windows 7 and Windows 8 RTM Dual Boot Setup Footnotes 1 Since the Windows 8 installer would have damaged my Windows 7 install, i decided to unplug my "main" hard drive during the install. Which is a long-winded explanation of why the Windows 8 installer didn't detect the existing Windows 7 install. Normally the installer would have automatically created the required entries for dual-boot. Not that the reason i'm asking the question is important. 2 Really there's three drives, but the third is just bulk storage. The existence of a 3rd hard drive is irrelevant to the question. i only mention it in case someone wants to know why the screenshot has 3 hard drives when i only mention two. 3 i arbitrarily started numbering partitions at "zero"; not to imply that partitions are numbered starting at zero. i only mention partitions because i don't see how any boot-loader could do its job without knowing which partition, and which folder, an installation of Windows is located in. 4 i'm asking about BCDEdit. i tried Visual BCD Editor. It seems to be a visual BCD editor. That is to say that it's a GUI, but still uses the same terminology as BCDEdit, and requires the same knowledge that BCD doesn't document. 5 For simplicity sake we'll assume that all installation of Windows i want to dual-boot between are Windows Vista or later, making them all compatible with the BCDEdit and the binary boot loader. The alternative would require delving into the intricacies of the old ntloader. Nor am i asking about dual booting to Linux; or how to boot to a Virtual Hard Drive (vhd) image. Just modern versions of Windows on existing hard drives in the same machine. Note: You can ignore everything after the word Background. It's all pointless exposition to satisfy some people's need for "research effort" before they'll consider being helpful. Some people have even been known to summarily close questions unless there is research effort. Some people have been know to close questions if there is too much research effort. Some people close questions when i put the note saying that they can ignore everything after the Background out of spite. Some people are just grumpy.

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• MySQL is hogging my server resources

  - by Reacen

  Does anyone have any idea of what can cause this weird behaviour and how I go about fixing it? This is all coming from MySQL only (both RAM and CPU usage), for about 10 minutes after I reboot my Java game server (that has a pool of 256 connections). There are not that many queries and I think it may be more of a MySQL misconfiguration problem. My server: 3.20 GHz * 6 core / 24 GB RAM / 64 bit Windows Server 2003. My game server: Java server, with 256 MySQL connections pool (MyISAM engine), about 500,000 accounts, and 9 million rows of game items in database and about 3,000 players are connected. After about 15 minutes of the game server reboot, the server resumes its stability and CPU usage drop down to 1% ~ 5% and memory to 6 GB. Here is a copy of my MySQL configuration. Also, any advice about my MySQL configuration will be appreciated. I really set it up almost at random. # Example MySQL config file for very large systems. # # This is for a large system with memory of 1G-2G where the system runs mainly # MySQL. # # You can copy this file to # /etc/my.cnf to set global options, # mysql-data-dir/my.cnf to set server-specific options (in this # installation this directory is C:\mysql\data) or # ~/.my.cnf to set user-specific options. # # In this file, you can use all long options that a program supports. # If you want to know which options a program supports, run the program # with the "--help" option. # The following options will be passed to all MySQL clients [client] #password = your_password port = 3306 socket = /tmp/mysql.sock # Here follows entries for some specific programs # The MySQL server [mysqld] #log=c:\mysql.log port = 3306 socket = /tmp/mysql.sock skip-locking key_buffer_size = 2572M max_allowed_packet = 64M table_open_cache = 512 sort_buffer_size = 128M read_buffer_size = 128M read_rnd_buffer_size = 128M myisam_sort_buffer_size = 500M thread_cache_size = 32 query_cache_size = 1948M # Try number of CPU's*2 for thread_concurrency thread_concurrency = 12 max_connections = 5000 # Don't listen on a TCP/IP port at all. This can be a security enhancement, # if all processes that need to connect to mysqld run on the same host. # All interaction with mysqld must be made via Unix sockets or named pipes. # Note that using this option without enabling named pipes on Windows # (via the "enable-named-pipe" option) will render mysqld useless! # #skip-networking # Replication Master Server (default) # binary logging is required for replication log-bin=mysql-bin # required unique id between 1 and 2^32 - 1 # defaults to 1 if master-host is not set # but will not function as a master if omitted server-id = 1 # Replication Slave (comment out master section to use this) # # To configure this host as a replication slave, you can choose between # two methods : # # 1) Use the CHANGE MASTER TO command (fully described in our manual) - # the syntax is: # # CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=<host>, MASTER_PORT=<port>, # MASTER_USER=<user>, MASTER_PASSWORD=<password> ; # # where you replace <host>, <user>, <password> by quoted strings and # <port> by the master's port number (3306 by default). # # Example: # # CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='125.564.12.1', MASTER_PORT=3306, # MASTER_USER='joe', MASTER_PASSWORD='secret'; # # OR # # 2) Set the variables below. However, in case you choose this method, then # start replication for the first time (even unsuccessfully, for example # if you mistyped the password in master-password and the slave fails to # connect), the slave will create a master.info file, and any later # change in this file to the variables' values below will be ignored and # overridden by the content of the master.info file, unless you shutdown # the slave server, delete master.info and restart the slaver server. # For that reason, you may want to leave the lines below untouched # (commented) and instead use CHANGE MASTER TO (see above) # # required unique id between 2 and 2^32 - 1 # (and different from the master) # defaults to 2 if master-host is set # but will not function as a slave if omitted #server-id = 2 # # The replication master for this slave - required #master-host = <hostname> # # The username the slave will use for authentication when connecting # to the master - required #master-user = <username> # # The password the slave will authenticate with when connecting to # the master - required #master-password = <password> # # The port the master is listening on. # optional - defaults to 3306 #master-port = <port> # # binary logging - not required for slaves, but recommended #log-bin=mysql-bin # # binary logging format - mixed recommended #binlog_format=mixed # Point the following paths to different dedicated disks #tmpdir = /tmp/ #log-update = /path-to-dedicated-directory/hostname # Uncomment the following if you are using InnoDB tables #innodb_data_home_dir = C:\mysql\data/ #innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:2000M;ibdata2:10M:autoextend #innodb_log_group_home_dir = C:\mysql\data/ # You can set .._buffer_pool_size up to 50 - 80 % # of RAM but beware of setting memory usage too high #innodb_buffer_pool_size = 384M #innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 20M # Set .._log_file_size to 25 % of buffer pool size #innodb_log_file_size = 100M #innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M #innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1 #innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50 [mysqldump] quick max_allowed_packet = 64M [mysql] no-auto-rehash # Remove the next comment character if you are not familiar with SQL #safe-updates [myisamchk] key_buffer_size = 256M sort_buffer_size = 256M read_buffer = 8M write_buffer = 8M [mysqlhotcopy] interactive-timeout

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• Creating Persistent Drive Labels With UDEV Using /dev/disk/by-path

  - by Matt

  I have a new BackBlaze Pod (BackBlaze Pod 2.0). It has 45 3TB drives and they when I first set it up they were labeled /dev/sda through /dev/sdz and /dev/sdaa through /dev/sdas. I used mdadm to setup three really big 15 drive RAID6 arrays. However, since first setup a few weeks ago I had a couple of the hard drives fail on me. I've replaced them but now the arrays are complaining because they can't find the missing drives. When I list the the disks... ls -l /dev/sd* I see that /dev/sda /dev/sdf /dev/sdk /dev/sdp no longer appear and now there are 4 new ones... /dev/sdau /dev/sdav /dev/sdaw /dev/sdax I also just found that I can do this... ls -l /dev/disk/by-path/ total 0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Sep 19 18:08 pci-0000:02:04.0-scsi-0:0:0:0 -> ../../sdau lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 Sep 19 18:08 pci-0000:02:04.0-scsi-0:1:0:0 -> ../../sdb lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 Sep 19 18:08 pci-0000:02:04.0-scsi-0:2:0:0 -> ../../sdc lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 Sep 19 18:08 pci-0000:02:04.0-scsi-0:3:0:0 -> ../../sdd lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 Sep 19 18:08 pci-0000:02:04.0-scsi-0:4:0:0 -> ../../sde lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Sep 19 18:08 pci-0000:02:04.0-scsi-2:0:0:0 -> ../../sdae lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 Sep 19 18:08 pci-0000:02:04.0-scsi-2:1:0:0 -> ../../sdg lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 Sep 19 18:08 pci-0000:02:04.0-scsi-2:2:0:0 -> ../../sdh lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 Sep 19 18:08 pci-0000:02:04.0-scsi-2:3:0:0 -> ../../sdi lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 Sep 19 18:08 pci-0000:02:04.0-scsi-2:4:0:0 -> ../../sdj lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Sep 19 18:08 pci-0000:02:04.0-scsi-3:0:0:0 -> ../../sdav lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 Sep 19 18:08 pci-0000:02:04.0-scsi-3:1:0:0 -> ../../sdl lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 Sep 19 18:08 pci-0000:02:04.0-scsi-3:2:0:0 -> ../../sdm lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 Sep 19 18:08 pci-0000:02:04.0-scsi-3:3:0:0 -> ../../sdn lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 Sep 19 18:08 pci-0000:02:04.0-scsi-3:4:0:0 -> ../../sdo lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Sep 19 18:08 pci-0000:04:04.0-scsi-0:0:0:0 -> ../../sdax lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 Sep 19 18:08 pci-0000:04:04.0-scsi-0:1:0:0 -> ../../sdq lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 Sep 19 18:08 pci-0000:04:04.0-scsi-0:2:0:0 -> ../../sdr lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 Sep 19 18:08 pci-0000:04:04.0-scsi-0:3:0:0 -> ../../sds lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 Sep 19 18:08 pci-0000:04:04.0-scsi-0:4:0:0 -> ../../sdt lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 Sep 19 18:08 pci-0000:04:04.0-scsi-2:0:0:0 -> ../../sdu lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 Sep 19 18:08 pci-0000:04:04.0-scsi-2:1:0:0 -> ../../sdv lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 Sep 19 18:08 pci-0000:04:04.0-scsi-2:2:0:0 -> ../../sdw lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 Sep 19 18:08 pci-0000:04:04.0-scsi-2:3:0:0 -> ../../sdx lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 Sep 19 18:08 pci-0000:04:04.0-scsi-2:4:0:0 -> ../../sdy lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 Sep 19 18:08 pci-0000:04:04.0-scsi-3:0:0:0 -> ../../sdz I didn't list them all....you can see the problem above. They're sorted by scsi id here but sda is missing...replaced by sdau...etc... So obviously the arrays are complaining. Is it possible to get Linux to reread the drive labels in the correct order or am I screwed? My initial design with 15 drive arrays is not ideal. With 3TB drives the rebuild times were taking 3 or 4 days....maybe more. I'm scrapping the whole design and I think I am going to go with 6 x 7 RAID5 disk arrays and 3 hot spares to make the arrays a bit easier to manage and shorten the rebuild times. But I'd like to clean up the drive labels so they aren't out of order. I haven't figured out how to do this yet. Does anyone know how to get this straightened out? Thanks, Matt

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• Unable to access intel fake RAID 1 array in Fedora 14 after reboot

  - by Sim

  Hello everyone, 1st I am relatively new to linux (but not to *nix). I have 4 disks assembled in the following intel ahci bios fake raid arrays: 2x320GB RAID1 - used for operating systems md126 2x1TB RAID1 - used for data md125 I have used the raid of size 320GB to install my operating system and the second raid I didn't even select during the installation of Fedora 14. After successful partitioning and installation of Fedora, I tried to make the second array available, it was possible to make it visible in linux with mdadm --assembe --scan , after that I created one maximum size partition and 1 maximum size ext4 filesystem in it. Mounted, and used it. After restart - a few I/O errors during boot regarding md125 + inability to mount the filesystem on it and dropped into repair shell. I commented the filesystem in fstab and it booted. To my surprise, the array was marked as "auto read only": [root@localhost ~]# cat /proc/mdstat Personalities : [raid1] md125 : active (auto-read-only) raid1 sdc[1] sdd[0] 976759808 blocks super external:/md127/0 [2/2] [UU] md127 : inactive sdc[1](S) sdd[0](S) 4514 blocks super external:imsm md126 : active raid1 sda[1] sdb[0] 312566784 blocks super external:/md1/0 [2/2] [UU] md1 : inactive sdb[1](S) sda[0](S) 4514 blocks super external:imsm unused devices: <none> [root@localhost ~]# and the partition in it was not available as device special file in /dev: [root@localhost ~]# ls -l /dev/md125* brw-rw---- 1 root disk 9, 125 Jan 6 15:50 /dev/md125 [root@localhost ~]# But the partition is there according to fdisk: [root@localhost ~]# fdisk -l /dev/md125 Disk /dev/md125: 1000.2 GB, 1000202043392 bytes 19 heads, 10 sectors/track, 10281682 cylinders, total 1953519616 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x1b238ea9 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/md125p1 2048 1953519615 976758784 83 Linux [root@localhost ~]# I tried to "activate" the array in different ways (I'm not experienced with mdadm and the man page is gigantic so I was only browsing it looking for my answer) but it was impossible - the array would still stay in "auto read only" and the device special file for the partition it will not be in /dev. It was only after I recreated the partition via fdisk that it reappeared in /dev... until next reboot. So, my question is - How do I make the array automatically available after reboot? Here is some additional information: 1st I am able to see the UUID of the array in blkid: [root@localhost ~]# blkid /dev/sdc: UUID="b9a1149f-ae11-4fc8-a600-0d77354dc42a" SEC_TYPE="ext2" TYPE="ext3" /dev/sdd: UUID="b9a1149f-ae11-4fc8-a600-0d77354dc42a" SEC_TYPE="ext2" TYPE="ext3" /dev/md126p1: UUID="60C8D9A7C8D97C2A" TYPE="ntfs" /dev/md126p2: UUID="3d1b38a3-b469-4b7c-b016-8abfb26a5d7d" TYPE="ext4" /dev/md126p3: UUID="1Msqqr-AAF8-k0wi-VYnq-uWJU-y0OD-uIFBHL" TYPE="LVM2_member" /dev/mapper/vg00-rootlv: LABEL="_Fedora-14-x86_6" UUID="34cc1cf5-6845-4489-8303-7a90c7663f0a" TYPE="ext4" /dev/mapper/vg00-swaplv: UUID="4644d857-e13b-456c-ac03-6f26299c1046" TYPE="swap" /dev/mapper/vg00-homelv: UUID="82bd58b2-edab-4b4b-aec4-b79595ecd0e3" TYPE="ext4" /dev/mapper/vg00-varlv: UUID="1b001444-5fdd-41b6-a59a-9712ec6def33" TYPE="ext4" /dev/mapper/vg00-tmplv: UUID="bf7d2459-2b35-4a1c-9b81-d4c4f24a9842" TYPE="ext4" /dev/md125: UUID="b9a1149f-ae11-4fc8-a600-0d77354dc42a" SEC_TYPE="ext2" TYPE="ext3" /dev/sda: TYPE="isw_raid_member" /dev/md125p1: UUID="420adfdd-6c4e-4552-93f0-2608938a4059" TYPE="ext4" [root@localhost ~]# Here is how /etc/mdadm.conf looks like: [root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/mdadm.conf # mdadm.conf written out by anaconda MAILADDR root AUTO +imsm +1.x -all ARRAY /dev/md1 UUID=89f60dee:e46a251f:7475814b:d4cc19a9 ARRAY /dev/md126 UUID=a8775c90:cee66376:5310fc13:63bcba5b ARRAY /dev/md125 UUID=b9a1149f:ae114fc8:a6000d77:354dc42a [root@localhost ~]# here is how /proc/mdstat looks like after I recreate the partition in the array so that it becomes available: [root@localhost ~]# cat /proc/mdstat Personalities : [raid1] md125 : active raid1 sdc[1] sdd[0] 976759808 blocks super external:/md127/0 [2/2] [UU] md127 : inactive sdc[1](S) sdd[0](S) 4514 blocks super external:imsm md126 : active raid1 sda[1] sdb[0] 312566784 blocks super external:/md1/0 [2/2] [UU] md1 : inactive sdb[1](S) sda[0](S) 4514 blocks super external:imsm unused devices: <none> [root@localhost ~]# Detailed output regarding the array in subject: [root@localhost ~]# mdadm --detail /dev/md125 /dev/md125: Container : /dev/md127, member 0 Raid Level : raid1 Array Size : 976759808 (931.51 GiB 1000.20 GB) Used Dev Size : 976759940 (931.51 GiB 1000.20 GB) Raid Devices : 2 Total Devices : 2 Update Time : Fri Jan 7 00:38:00 2011 State : clean Active Devices : 2 Working Devices : 2 Failed Devices : 0 Spare Devices : 0 UUID : 30ebc3c2:b6a64751:4758d05c:fa8ff782 Number Major Minor RaidDevice State 1 8 32 0 active sync /dev/sdc 0 8 48 1 active sync /dev/sdd [root@localhost ~]# and /etc/fstab, with /data commented (the filesystem that is on this array): # # /etc/fstab # Created by anaconda on Thu Jan 6 03:32:40 2011 # # Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk' # See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info # /dev/mapper/vg00-rootlv / ext4 defaults 1 1 UUID=3d1b38a3-b469-4b7c-b016-8abfb26a5d7d /boot ext4 defaults 1 2 #UUID=420adfdd-6c4e-4552-93f0-2608938a4059 /data ext4 defaults 0 1 /dev/mapper/vg00-homelv /home ext4 defaults 1 2 /dev/mapper/vg00-tmplv /tmp ext4 defaults 1 2 /dev/mapper/vg00-varlv /var ext4 defaults 1 2 /dev/mapper/vg00-swaplv swap swap defaults 0 0 tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0 0 devpts /dev/pts devpts gid=5,mode=620 0 0 sysfs /sys sysfs defaults 0 0 proc /proc proc defaults 0 0 [root@localhost ~]# Thanks in advance to everyone that even read this whole issue :-)

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• Installing Windows on HP Proliant Servers without SmartStart

  - by Fitzroy

  I have a PXE server for deploying Windows XP and Windows 7 to workstations. The process is as follows: Boot the workstation from the NIC. Workstation sends a DHCP request. DHCP server responds with an IP address and the location of the PXE server. Workstation downloads WinPE image file from PXE server via TFTP Workstation stores WinPE image file in memory and executes it. Once booted into WinPE, I connect to a network share to gain access to either the Windows XP or Windows 7 installation files. A custom script is launched to guide you through the process of formatting and partitioning the hard drive(s) (using DISKPART and FORMAT). Another custom script asks for details such as the hostname to assign to the workstation. The answers provided are used to build an unattended answer file (SIF [Setup Information File] for WinXP and XML for Win7). The Windows setup EXE is launched, passing the unattended answer file to it as a parameter. The Windows XP and Windows 7 installation sources have been customised to include the drivers for our Dell workstations. They also run a number of scripts upon first booting up to install software packages. This process works very well for our workstations and I would now like to use it for building our servers too. The vast majority of our servers are HP Proliant DL360 G6, DL380 G5 and DL380 G6. They’re running Windows Server 2003 (various editions) or 2008 (various editions). To date, we have always built the HP Proliant servers using the SmartStart CD provided. SmartStart does three useful things for us: Setup RAID with HP Array Configuration Utility (ACU). Installs and configures SNMP Installs various HP Tools for Windows (HP Array Configuration Utility, HP Array Diagnostic Utility, HP Proliant Integrated Management Log Viewer, etc) Using SmartStart I have never had to manually download and install Windows drivers for network, sound, video, etc. I'm not sure if this is because SmartStart copies drivers from the CD during setup, or whether Windows just has the drivers natively in its driver CAB. If I abandon the SmartStart CD in favour of my PXE server I would have to do the following: As I wont have access to ACU, I'll configure the RAID (before booting to the PXE server) by pressing F8 (during the boot process) to access Option ROM Configuration for Arrays (ORCA). Installation of SNMP and the HP Tools will have to be installed once the Windows installation is complete using the Proliant Support Pack. Is this method OK? Is there anything that the SmartStart CD does that I'll be unable to do by other means? Are there any disadvantages to not using the SmartStart CD? Many thanks. UPDATE 05/01/12 I’ve been reading through the SmartStart Scripting Toolkit documentation. The scripting toolkit contains command line tools which work within WinPE and can such things as configure BIOS settings, configure an array and setup ILO. I’m personally not too bothered about configuring BIOS settings as I rarely deviate from the defaults (unless the server is to be a Hyper-V host). I’m not too fussed about being able to configure the array from within WinPE, as I’m happy to just press F8 and use Option ROM Configuration for Arrays (ORCA). Although, if it’s easy enough to do, I will explore this further, as it saves time if everything can be configured from within WinPE. One of the nice features all the tools possess is that you can pass input files to them. EG. Configure one server to your requirements, capture its configuration to a file (using the appropriate tool), you can then use the tool on other servers passing the input file with the captured configuration. Array controller drivers appear to be included with the toolkit along with example of how to incorporate them within a WinPE build. I suppose WinPE won’t be able to see logical volumes (I.E 2x physical disks in a RAID 1 configuration) without the array controller drivers? I mentioned in my post that SmartStart normally installs a bunch of Windows HP tools for you. I’ve had a look today, and if you run the SmartStart CD from within Windows all the tools can be installed. Therefore I can do this after the Windows installation is complete. The SmartStart CD appears to contain a lot Windows drivers. I can customise my Windows 2008 source to incorporate these drivers. However, I understand that incorporating an array controller driver is a little different to most drivers. I believe that you have to provide the driver during the very early stages of the Windows setup. I’m working through the Scripting Toolkit documentation to try and work this out...

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• OS Missing? Messed up the MBR on Win7 64-bit

  - by hom3lesshom3boy

  I have a Windows 7 machine with two hard drives: a 1TB C: drive and 500GB J:. I had Windows XP installed on C: and Windows 7 installed on J:. I installed Windows 7 after Windows XP from an installer .exe I (legally) bought and downloaded. It, and all of my other files, are sitting on my J: drive intact. While under my Windows 7 install, a few days ago I decided to use Priform's CCleaner and use its DriveWipe utility to wipe the C: drive. 1% into the process, I cancelled and attempted to use it again. It gives me an error saying it can't format the drive, so I poke around the Internet a bit, give up, and restart my computer. I first get an "OS is missing" error after the computer boots past the BIOS. I downloaded and put UBCD on a bootable USB to use another drivewiping tool to completely erase the C: drive, hoping it'll take the problem with it. No luck. I try to use TestDisk to make my J: my primary active drive, but no luck. I still get the "OS is missing" error. Or sometimes it'll hang at Verifying DMI Pool. Or sometimes I'll get the "NTLDR is missing" error. I get hold of Hiren's and put it on another bootable USB. I first I tried the Boot Windows 7 from Hard Drive option, and I get "Error 15: File Not Found". I tried the "Fix 'NTLDR is Missing'" option (I'm not quite sure why this is even showing up, since I'm trying to get into a HDD with Windows 7 installed. Probably messed up somewhere when I used TestDisk) and I get this list: I'll run through the error messages I get: 1st Try - Windows could not start because the following file is missing or corrupt: \system32\hal.dll 2nd Try - Windows could not start because the following file is missing or corrupt: \system32\ntoskrnl.exe 3rd Try - Windows could not start because of a computer disk hardware configuration problem. Could not read from the selected boot disk. Check boot path and disk hardware. 4th - 8th Try - Same as #3 9th Try - I/O Error accessing boot sector file multi(0)disk(0)fdisk(0)\BOOTSEC.DOS. And computer freezes. 10th Try - computer restarts Needless to say, not a single one of those works. I then tried to open up the Windows 7 exe I have sitting on my J: from the Mini-XP OS on Hiren's, but it won't run because I'm trying to run a 64-bit file from a 32-bit exe. At least, that's the problem according to these guys: http://social.technet.microsoft.com/...-b2f54e9c7d18/ I then borrowed a 64-bit Windows Home Premium CD from a friend to get to the recovery options. But I get the error message: This version of System Recovery Options is not compatible with the version of Windows you are trying to repair. Try using a recovery disc that is compatible with this version of Windows. I pressed Shift + F10 to get to the Command Prompt directly. These are the exact steps I took from there (paraphrased a little): X:\Sources>bootrec /Fixmbr The operation completed successfully. X:\Sources>bootrec /Fixboot The operation completed successfully. I restarted my computer, but it still didn't work. I unplugged the C: drive, then tried bootrec and Diskpart: X:\Sources> bootrec.exe X:\Sources> bootrec /RebuildBcd Total identified Windows installations: 1 [1] \\?\GLOBALROOT\Device\HarddiskVolume1\Windows Add installation to bootlist? Yes(Y)/No(N)/All(A):y The requested system device cannot be found. X:\Sources>DiskPart DISKPART> List Disk Disk # Status Size Free Dyn Gpt Disk 0_Online_465GB_0B_______* Disk 1 Online 1000MB 0B (this is Hiren's on a bootable usb) DISKPART> Select Disk 0 Disk 0 is now the selected disk. DISKPART> List Partition Partition # Type Size Offset Partition 1 System 465GB 31KB DISKPART> Select Partition 1 Partition 1 is now the selected partition DISKPART> Active The selected disk is not a fixed MBR disk. The ACTIVE command can only be used on fixed MBR disks. DISKPART> exit Leaving Diskpart... X:\Sources>bootrec /Fixmbr The operation completed successfully. X:\Sources>bootrec /Fixboot The operation completed successfully. Before I go any further, is there anything I'm overlooking/doing wrong? All I care about is making the J: and Windows 7 bootable again. SPECS: Windows 7 Professional 64-Bit GIGABYTE - Motherboard - Socket 775 - GA-P35-DS3R (rev. 2.1) Crucial Ballistix 2048MB PC6400 DDR2 800MHz (2x2GB) Intel Core 2 Duo E6700 Processor (2.6 (6GHZ) I think... not sure anymore C: HDD - SAMSUNG HD103UJ (1TB, not plugged in) J: HDD - WDC WD5000AKS-00V1A0 (500GB)

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• CentOS - Add additional hard drive raid arrays on Dell Perc 5/i card

  - by Quanano

  We have a Dell Poweredge 2900 system with Dell Perc 5/i card and 4 SAS hard drives attached, with NTFS partitions on them. We installed CentOS on one raid array on this controller with a different controller and it is working fine. We are now trying to access the drives shown above and they are not being shown in /dev as sdb, etc. sda is the drive that we installed centos on and it has sda1, sda2, sda3, etc. The CDROM has been picked up as well. If I scan for scsi devices then the perc and adaptec controllers are both found. sg0 is the CDROM and sg2 is the centos installed, however I think sg1 is the other drive but I cannot see anyway to mount the partitions, as only the drive is listed in /dev. Thanks. EXTRA INFO fdisk -l: Disk /dev/sda: 72.7 GB, 72746008576 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8844 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x11e3119f Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 1 64 512000 83 Linux Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sda2 64 8845 70528000 8e Linux LVM Disk /dev/mapper/vg_lal2server-lv_root: 34.4 GB, 34431041536 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 4186 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/mapper/vg_lal2server-lv_root doesn't contain a valid partition table Disk /dev/mapper/vg_lal2server-lv_swap: 21.1 GB, 21139292160 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2570 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/mapper/vg_lal2server-lv_swap doesn't contain a valid partition table Disk /dev/mapper/vg_lal2server-lv_home: 16.6 GB, 16647192576 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2023 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/mapper/vg_lal2server-lv_home doesn't contain a valid partition table These are all from the install hdd not the additional hard drives modprobe a320raid FATAL: Module a320raid not found. lsscsi -v: [0:0:0:0] cd/dvd TSSTcorp CDRWDVD TS-H492C DE02 /dev/sr0 dir: /sys/bus/scsi/devices/0:0:0:0 [/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.1/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0] [4:0:10:0] enclosu DP BACKPLANE 1.05 - dir: /sys/bus/scsi/devices/4:0:10:0 [/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:05.0/0000:01:00.0/0000:02:0e.0/host4/target4:0:10/4:0:10:0] [4:2:0:0] disk DELL PERC 5/i 1.03 /dev/sda dir: /sys/bus/scsi/devices/4:2:0:0 [/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:05.0/0000:01:00.0/0000:02:0e.0/host4/target4:2:0/4:2:0:0] . lsmod: Module Size Used by fuse 66285 0 des_generic 16604 0 ecb 2209 0 md4 3461 0 nls_utf8 1455 0 cifs 278370 0 autofs4 26888 4 ipt_REJECT 2383 0 ip6t_REJECT 4628 2 nf_conntrack_ipv6 8748 2 nf_defrag_ipv6 12182 1 nf_conntrack_ipv6 xt_state 1492 2 nf_conntrack 79453 2 nf_conntrack_ipv6,xt_state ip6table_filter 2889 1 ip6_tables 19458 1 ip6table_filter ipv6 322029 31 ip6t_REJECT,nf_conntrack_ipv6,nf_defrag_ipv6 bnx2 79618 0 ses 6859 0 enclosure 8395 1 ses dcdbas 9219 0 serio_raw 4818 0 sg 30124 0 iTCO_wdt 13662 0 iTCO_vendor_support 3088 1 iTCO_wdt i5000_edac 8867 0 edac_core 46773 3 i5000_edac i5k_amb 5105 0 shpchp 33482 0 ext4 364410 3 mbcache 8144 1 ext4 jbd2 88738 1 ext4 sd_mod 39488 3 crc_t10dif 1541 1 sd_mod sr_mod 16228 0 cdrom 39771 1 sr_mod megaraid_sas 77090 2 aic79xx 129492 0 scsi_transport_spi 26151 1 aic79xx pata_acpi 3701 0 ata_generic 3837 0 ata_piix 22846 0 radeon 1023359 1 ttm 70328 1 radeon drm_kms_helper 33236 1 radeon drm 230675 3 radeon,ttm,drm_kms_helper i2c_algo_bit 5762 1 radeon i2c_core 31276 4 radeon,drm_kms_helper,drm,i2c_algo_bit dm_mirror 14101 0 dm_region_hash 12170 1 dm_mirror dm_log 10122 2 dm_mirror,dm_region_hash dm_mod 81500 11 dm_mirror,dm_log blkid: /dev/sda1: UUID="bc4777d9-ae2c-4c58-96ea-cedb342b8338" TYPE="ext4" /dev/sda2: UUID="j2wRZr-Mlko-QWBR-BndC-V2uN-vdhO-iKCuYu" TYPE="LVM2_member" /dev/mapper/vg_lal2server-lv_root: UUID="9238208a-1daf-4c3c-aa9b-469f0387ebee" TYPE="ext4" /dev/mapper/vg_lal2server-lv_swap: UUID="dbefb39c-5871-4bc9-b767-1ef18f12bd3d" TYPE="swap" /dev/mapper/vg_lal2server-lv_home: UUID="ec698993-08b7-443e-84f0-9f9cb31c5da8" TYPE="ext4" dmesg shows: megaraid_sas: fw state:c0000000 megasas: fwstate:c0000000, dis_OCR=0 scsi2 : LSI SAS based MegaRAID driver scsi 2:0:0:0: Direct-Access SEAGATE ST3146855SS S527 PQ: 0 ANSI: 5 scsi 2:0:1:0: Direct-Access SEAGATE ST3146855SS S527 PQ: 0 ANSI: 5 scsi 2:0:2:0: Direct-Access SEAGATE ST3146855SS S527 PQ: 0 ANSI: 5 scsi 2:0:3:0: Direct-Access SEAGATE ST3146855SS S527 PQ: 0 ANSI: 5 scsi 2:0:4:0: Direct-Access HITACHI HUS154545VLS300 D590 PQ: 0 ANSI: 5 scsi 2:0:5:0: Direct-Access HITACHI HUS154545VLS300 D590 PQ: 0 ANSI: 5 scsi 2:0:8:0: Direct-Access FUJITSU MBA3073RC D305 PQ: 0 ANSI: 5 scsi 2:0:9:0: Direct-Access FUJITSU MBA3073RC D305 PQ: 0 ANSI: 5 i.e. the 3 RAID Arrays Seagate Hitatchi and Fujitsu hard drives respectively. FURTHER UPDATE I have installed the megaraid storage manager console and connected to the server. It appears that the two CentOS installation hard drives are OK. The other 6 drives, one raid array of 4 and one raid array of 2 disks. The other drives are listed as (Foreign) Unconfigured Good.

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• Why is my mdadm raid-1 recovery so slow?

  - by dimmer

  On a system I'm running Ubuntu 10.04. My raid-1 restore started out fast but quickly became ridiculously slow (at this rate the restore will take 150 days!): dimmer@paimon:~$ cat /proc/mdstat Personalities : [linear] [multipath] [raid0] [raid1] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [raid10] md0 : active raid1 sdc1[2] sdb1[1] 1953513408 blocks [2/1] [_U] [====>................] recovery = 24.4% (477497344/1953513408) finish=217368.0min speed=113K/sec unused devices: <none> Eventhough I have set the kernel variables to reasonably quick values: dimmer@paimon:~$ cat /proc/sys/dev/raid/speed_limit_min 1000000 dimmer@paimon:~$ cat /proc/sys/dev/raid/speed_limit_max 100000000 I am using 2 2.0TB Western Digital Hard Disks, WDC WD20EARS-00M and WDC WD20EARS-00J. I believe they have been partitioned such that their sectors are aligned. dimmer@paimon:/sys$ sudo parted /dev/sdb GNU Parted 2.2 Using /dev/sdb Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands. (parted) p Model: ATA WDC WD20EARS-00M (scsi) Disk /dev/sdb: 2000GB Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B Partition Table: gpt Number Start End Size File system Name Flags 1 1049kB 2000GB 2000GB ext4 (parted) unit s (parted) p Number Start End Size File system Name Flags 1 2048s 3907028991s 3907026944s ext4 (parted) q dimmer@paimon:/sys$ sudo parted /dev/sdc GNU Parted 2.2 Using /dev/sdc Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands. (parted) p Model: ATA WDC WD20EARS-00J (scsi) Disk /dev/sdc: 2000GB Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/4096B Partition Table: gpt Number Start End Size File system Name Flags 1 1049kB 2000GB 2000GB ext4 I am beginning to think that I have a hardware problem, otherwise I can't imagine why the mdadm restore should be so slow. I have done a benchmark on /dev/sdc using Ubuntu's disk utility GUI app, and the results looked normal so I know that sdc has the capability to write faster than this. I also had the same problem on a similar WD drive that I RMAd because of bad sectors. I suppose it's possible they sent me a replacement with bad sectors too, although there are no SMART values showing them yet. Any ideas? Thanks. As requested, output of top sorted by cpu usage (notice there is ~0 cpu usage). iowait is also zero which seems strange: top - 11:35:13 up 2 days, 9:40, 3 users, load average: 2.87, 2.58, 2.30 Tasks: 142 total, 1 running, 141 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie Cpu(s): 0.0%us, 0.2%sy, 0.0%ni, 99.8%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st Mem: 3096304k total, 1482164k used, 1614140k free, 617672k buffers Swap: 1526132k total, 0k used, 1526132k free, 535416k cached PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND 45 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 2:17.02 scsi_eh_0 1 root 20 0 2808 1752 1204 S 0 0.1 0:00.46 init 2 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 kthreadd 3 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.02 migration/0 4 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.17 ksoftirqd/0 5 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 watchdog/0 6 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.02 migration/1 ... dmesg errors, definitely looking like hardware: [202884.000157] ata5.00: exception Emask 0x0 SAct 0x0 SErr 0x0 action 0x6 frozen [202884.007015] ata5.00: failed command: FLUSH CACHE EXT [202884.013728] ata5.00: cmd ea/00:00:00:00:00/00:00:00:00:00/a0 tag 0 [202884.013730] res 40/00:00:ff:59:2e/00:00:35:00:00/e0 Emask 0x4 (timeout) [202884.033667] ata5.00: status: { DRDY } [202884.040329] ata5: hard resetting link [202889.400050] ata5: link is slow to respond, please be patient (ready=0) [202894.048087] ata5: COMRESET failed (errno=-16) [202894.054663] ata5: hard resetting link [202899.412049] ata5: link is slow to respond, please be patient (ready=0) [202904.060107] ata5: COMRESET failed (errno=-16) [202904.066646] ata5: hard resetting link [202905.840056] ata5: SATA link up 3.0 Gbps (SStatus 123 SControl 300) [202905.849178] ata5.00: configured for UDMA/133 [202905.849188] ata5: EH complete [203899.000292] ata5.00: exception Emask 0x0 SAct 0x0 SErr 0x0 action 0x6 frozen [203899.007096] ata5.00: failed command: IDENTIFY DEVICE [203899.013841] ata5.00: cmd ec/00:01:00:00:00/00:00:00:00:00/00 tag 0 pio 512 in [203899.013843] res 40/00:00:ff:f9:f6/00:00:38:00:00/e0 Emask 0x4 (timeout) [203899.041232] ata5.00: status: { DRDY } [203899.048133] ata5: hard resetting link [203899.816134] ata5: SATA link up 3.0 Gbps (SStatus 123 SControl 300) [203899.826062] ata5.00: configured for UDMA/133 [203899.826079] ata5: EH complete [204375.000200] ata5.00: exception Emask 0x0 SAct 0x0 SErr 0x0 action 0x6 frozen [204375.007421] ata5.00: failed command: IDENTIFY DEVICE [204375.014799] ata5.00: cmd ec/00:01:00:00:00/00:00:00:00:00/00 tag 0 pio 512 in [204375.014800] res 40/00:00:ff:0c:0f/00:00:39:00:00/e0 Emask 0x4 (timeout) [204375.044374] ata5.00: status: { DRDY } [204375.051842] ata5: hard resetting link [204380.408049] ata5: link is slow to respond, please be patient (ready=0) [204384.440076] ata5: SATA link up 3.0 Gbps (SStatus 123 SControl 300) [204384.449938] ata5.00: configured for UDMA/133 [204384.449955] ata5: EH complete [204395.988135] ata5.00: exception Emask 0x0 SAct 0x0 SErr 0x0 action 0x6 frozen [204395.988140] ata5.00: failed command: IDENTIFY DEVICE [204395.988147] ata5.00: cmd ec/00:01:00:00:00/00:00:00:00:00/00 tag 0 pio 512 in [204395.988149] res 40/00:00:ff:0c:0f/00:00:39:00:00/e0 Emask 0x4 (timeout) [204395.988151] ata5.00: status: { DRDY } [204395.988156] ata5: hard resetting link [204399.320075] ata5: SATA link up 3.0 Gbps (SStatus 123 SControl 300) [204399.330487] ata5.00: configured for UDMA/133 [204399.330503] ata5: EH complete

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• Frequent Kernel Panic on CentOS 6.5

  - by Manuel Sopena Ballesteros

  I have a webserver with the configuration below: VMWare ESXi environemt CPanel installed CentOS release 6.5 (Final) 4 CPUs 2G RAM 2x VM disks 100G each LVM system My issue is I am getting kernel panic quite frequently. These is a list of some processes blocked I could see from the console: mysqld queueprocd httpd suphp vmtoolsd loop0 auditd this is my sar logs Linux 2.6.32-431.3.1.el6.x86_64 (test01) 08/22/2014 _x86_64_ (4 CPU) 12:00:01 AM CPU %user %nice %system %iowait %steal %idle 12:10:01 AM all 26.86 0.01 0.98 0.57 0.00 71.57 12:20:01 AM all 1.78 0.02 1.03 0.08 0.00 97.09 12:30:01 AM all 26.34 0.02 0.85 0.05 0.00 72.74 12:40:01 AM all 27.12 0.01 1.11 1.22 0.00 70.54 12:50:01 AM all 1.59 0.02 0.94 0.13 0.00 97.32 01:00:01 AM all 26.10 0.01 0.77 0.04 0.00 73.07 01:10:01 AM all 27.51 0.01 1.16 0.14 0.00 71.18 01:20:01 AM all 1.80 0.07 1.06 0.08 0.00 96.99 01:30:01 AM all 26.19 0.01 0.78 0.05 0.00 72.96 01:40:01 AM all 26.62 0.02 0.87 0.05 0.00 72.45 01:50:02 AM all 1.35 0.01 0.87 0.02 0.00 97.75 02:00:01 AM all 26.11 0.02 0.69 0.02 0.00 73.17 02:10:01 AM all 26.73 0.02 0.89 0.14 0.00 72.21 02:20:01 AM all 1.45 0.01 0.92 0.04 0.00 97.58 02:30:01 AM all 26.59 0.01 1.06 0.03 0.00 72.31 02:40:01 AM all 26.27 0.01 0.72 0.05 0.00 72.95 02:50:01 AM all 0.86 0.01 0.50 0.09 0.00 98.53 03:00:01 AM all 25.61 0.02 0.39 0.03 0.00 73.96 03:10:01 AM all 26.30 0.08 0.66 0.14 0.00 72.82 03:20:01 AM all 0.81 0.01 0.51 0.04 0.00 98.63 03:30:02 AM all 26.15 0.02 0.53 0.07 0.00 73.24 03:40:01 AM all 26.06 0.01 0.47 0.04 0.00 73.42 03:50:01 AM all 0.96 0.02 0.51 0.03 0.00 98.48 Average: all 17.69 0.02 0.79 0.14 0.00 81.36 06:58:14 AM LINUX RESTART 07:00:01 AM CPU %user %nice %system %iowait %steal %idle 07:10:01 AM all 1.04 0.02 0.57 0.95 0.00 97.42 07:20:02 AM all 0.66 0.01 0.39 0.06 0.00 98.87 07:30:01 AM all 25.71 0.01 0.45 0.16 0.00 73.67 07:40:01 AM all 25.88 0.01 0.35 0.08 0.00 73.68 As you can see the server became unresponsive at 03.50 AM and I had to reset the VM at 06.58 AM to fix it. sar -d 03:00:01 PM dev8-16 0.16 0.01 3.37 20.78 0.00 12.40 9.29 0.15 03:00:01 PM dev8-0 4.08 5.72 77.50 20.38 0.06 15.15 3.13 1.28 03:00:01 PM dev253-0 10.37 5.74 80.87 8.35 0.13 12.52 1.24 1.29 03:00:01 PM dev253-1 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 03:10:01 PM dev8-16 0.27 0.17 3.17 12.22 0.00 11.49 7.95 0.22 03:10:01 PM dev8-0 6.37 18.98 136.19 24.34 0.05 7.25 2.18 1.39 03:10:01 PM dev253-0 17.91 19.15 137.94 8.77 0.13 7.11 0.78 1.41 03:10:01 PM dev253-1 0.18 0.00 1.41 8.00 0.00 9.09 0.52 0.01 03:10:01 PM DEV tps rd_sec/s wr_sec/s avgrq-sz avgqu-sz await svctm %util 03:20:01 PM dev8-16 0.17 0.23 2.04 13.39 0.00 6.07 5.29 0.09 03:20:01 PM dev8-0 3.83 18.57 78.45 25.35 0.05 13.25 2.73 1.05 03:20:01 PM dev253-0 10.30 18.80 80.49 9.64 0.14 13.89 1.03 1.06 03:20:01 PM dev253-1 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 03:30:01 PM dev8-16 0.26 0.16 4.59 18.56 0.00 6.44 5.54 0.14 03:30:01 PM dev8-0 5.97 24.07 117.83 23.77 0.05 8.53 2.13 1.27 03:30:01 PM dev253-0 15.90 24.23 122.42 9.22 0.12 7.71 0.81 1.29 03:30:01 PM dev253-1 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 03:40:01 PM dev8-16 0.20 0.00 2.32 11.44 0.00 8.35 5.90 0.12 03:40:01 PM dev8-0 4.39 19.58 77.94 22.24 0.06 12.87 2.12 0.93 03:40:01 PM dev253-0 10.25 19.58 80.25 9.74 0.12 11.63 0.91 0.94 03:40:01 PM dev253-1 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 03:50:01 PM dev8-16 0.23 0.50 2.32 12.44 0.00 6.27 5.13 0.12 03:50:01 PM dev8-0 5.09 9.00 95.04 20.45 0.04 7.36 2.10 1.07 03:50:01 PM dev253-0 12.47 9.50 96.82 8.53 0.08 6.76 0.87 1.08 03:50:01 PM dev253-1 0.07 0.00 0.54 8.00 0.00 14.10 0.40 0.00 04:00:01 PM dev8-16 0.21 0.00 2.04 9.89 0.00 7.00 5.87 0.12 04:00:01 PM dev8-0 4.68 1.64 94.70 20.57 0.05 10.71 2.41 1.13 04:00:01 PM dev253-0 12.27 1.64 96.74 8.02 0.12 9.95 0.93 1.14 sar -q 01:00:01 AM 6 205 2.02 1.32 0.81 01:10:01 AM 3 187 0.08 0.72 0.86 01:20:01 AM 2 187 0.04 0.18 0.49 01:30:01 AM 4 205 2.04 1.34 0.82 01:40:01 AM 2 185 0.02 0.68 0.83 01:50:02 AM 1 185 0.08 0.15 0.45 02:00:01 AM 5 202 2.02 1.30 0.78 02:10:01 AM 4 185 0.11 0.72 0.84 02:20:01 AM 1 183 0.17 0.15 0.45 02:30:01 AM 5 206 2.03 1.32 0.79 02:40:01 AM 2 184 0.08 0.70 0.83 02:50:01 AM 1 183 0.00 0.10 0.43 03:00:01 AM 7 205 2.03 1.32 0.78 03:10:01 AM 2 194 0.34 0.73 0.83 03:20:01 AM 1 184 0.00 0.13 0.44 03:30:02 AM 4 201 2.04 1.32 0.78 03:40:01 AM 2 193 0.06 0.67 0.81 03:50:01 AM 1 183 0.06 0.12 0.43 Average: 3 192 0.68 0.70 0.69 06:58:14 AM LINUX RESTART 07:00:01 AM runq-sz plist-sz ldavg-1 ldavg-5 ldavg-15 07:10:01 AM 2 181 0.00 0.09 0.11 07:20:02 AM 1 179 0.00 0.00 0.04 07:30:01 AM 4 197 2.12 1.33 0.58 sar -r Linux 2.6.32-431.3.1.el6.x86_64 (test01) 08/22/2014 _x86_64_ (4 CPU) 12:00:01 AM kbmemfree kbmemused %memused kbbuffers kbcached kbcommit %commit 12:10:01 AM 227484 1694468 88.16 117444 917004 635308 10.50 12:20:01 AM 219692 1702260 88.57 119556 920540 630940 10.43 12:30:01 AM 196248 1725704 89.79 121376 923592 695048 11.49 12:40:01 AM 127524 1794428 93.36 125004 1016196 633048 10.46 12:50:01 AM 127156 1794796 93.38 128212 1014536 624992 10.33 01:00:01 AM 110764 1811188 94.24 129964 1001608 700016 11.57 01:10:01 AM 160560 1761392 91.65 132260 973472 628640 10.39 01:20:01 AM 133076 1788876 93.08 134144 982608 655524 10.83 01:30:01 AM 121512 1800440 93.68 135548 985676 700500 11.58 01:40:01 AM 140640 1781312 92.68 137220 988576 628280 10.38 01:50:02 AM 139160 1782792 92.76 138688 990672 625224 10.33 02:00:01 AM 106112 1815840 94.48 139940 993976 700360 11.57 02:10:01 AM 155400 1766552 91.91 142112 971864 625656 10.34 02:20:01 AM 154056 1767896 91.98 143732 975556 621352 10.27 02:30:01 AM 110856 1811096 94.23 145032 978288 709360 11.72 02:40:01 AM 140200 1781752 92.71 146568 980656 624872 10.33 02:50:01 AM 137600 1784352 92.84 148940 984484 621948 10.28 03:00:01 AM 105032 1816920 94.54 150208 985736 706060 11.67 03:10:01 AM 168996 1752956 91.21 154708 941500 656312 10.85 03:20:01 AM 169408 1752544 91.19 156096 944100 621780 10.28 03:30:02 AM 132360 1789592 93.11 157724 951612 701296 11.59 03:40:01 AM 159012 1762940 91.73 158940 942560 656292 10.85 03:50:01 AM 163192 1758760 91.51 160312 944576 624544 10.32 Average: 148089 1773863 92.29 140162 969973 653363 10.80 06:58:14 AM LINUX RESTART 07:00:01 AM kbmemfree kbmemused %memused kbbuffers kbcached kbcommit %commit 07:10:01 AM 1016628 905324 47.10 85568 447556 600932 9.93 07:20:02 AM 1009996 911956 47.45 87616 451200 596156 9.85 07:30:01 AM 961128 960824 49.99 89164 464332 658912 10.89 07:40:01 AM 973376 948576 49.35 90880 473084 600176 9.92 dmesg does not show any relevant information. I don't see any bottleneck in sar, any idea what can I check next? thank you very much

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• Windows 8, NVIDIA graphics recognition fails

  - by Roy Grubb

  I just installed Windows 8 Pro OEM 64-bit (clean install) and it won't properly recognize my graphics adapter. When I installed Win8, it automatically installed the BasicDisplay.sys driver dated 6/21/2006. 6.2.9200.16384 (win8_rtm.120725-1247). Hardware - Mobo:MSi G41M-P33 Combo CPU:Intel CoreDuo 6600 Graphics:NVIDIA GeForce 9400GT *OS* - Windows 8 Pro 64-bit OEM The graphics adapter worked fine in Windows XP. The PC is a generic box, bought locally and its mobo failed recently, so I replaced it with the G41M. Microsoft wouldn't let me re-activate Windows XP with a different mobo, so I installed Win8, which appears to work except as described next. Win8 only partially recognizes the graphics adapter and won't allow NVIDIA latest driver installer to see that it's an NVIDIA card. As a result, OpenGL doesn't work, and this is needed by the software I most use. Other than that the graphics look OK. When I say 'partially recognizes', I mean that via the Control Panel, I can see that the adapter is described as NVIDIA, but the driver remains stuck at Microsoft Basic Display Adapter no matter what I try, including "Update driver..." in adapter properties. Display Screen Resolution Advanced Settings Adapter shows: Adapter Type: Microsoft Basic Display Adapter Chip Type: NVIDIA DAC Type: NVIDIA Corporation Bios Information: G27 Board - p381n17 Don't know what this means ... no mention of 9400GT Total Available Graphics Memory: 256 MB Dedicated Video Memory: 0 MB In fact the adapter has 512MB on-board video memory. System Video Memory: 0 MB Shared System Memory: 256 MB And Control Panel Device Manager Display adapters just shows Microsoft Basic Display Adapter. No other graphics adapter, and no unknown device or yellow question mark. What I have tried so far: 1. Cleared CMOS and reset. Updated BIOS and all mobo drivers as follows: 1st I used Driver Reviver to see if any driver updates were required. It found some but I didn't use that to get the drivers. Then I switched to MSi's own mobo driver utility Live Update 5. This also showed the board needed to update several so I used it to fetch the new drivers. After that it showed that everything was up to date and I checked with Driver Reviver again, which also reported no drivers now needed updating. Rebooted. Went to the NVIDIA site to get the latest graphics adapter driver. Their auto-detect "Option 2: Automatically find drivers for my NVIDIA products" said "The NVIDIA Smart Scan was unable to evaluate your system hardware. Please use Option 1 to manually find drivers for your NVIDIA products." So I downloaded 310.70-desktop-win8-win7-winvista-64bit-international-whql.exe, which lists 9400 GT under supported products, but when I run it, it says: "NVIDIA Installer cannot continue This graphics driver could not find compatible graphics hardware." Connected the display to the on-board Intel graphics (G41 Intel Express), removed the NVIDIA card and rebooted, changed to internal graphics in CMOS. Again it installs the MS Basic Display Adapter, and can't properly run my s/w that needs OpenGL. It runs on other machines with Intel Express graphics (WinXP and 7) Shut down and pulled out the power cord. Held start button to discharge all capacitors. Removed and re-inserted NVIDIA adapter in PCI-E slot and made sure properly seated. Connected the monitor to the card, screwed plug to socket. Reconnected power cord. Started and checked in BIOS that Primary Graphics Adapter was set to PCI-E. Started Windows. Uninstalled MS Basic Display Adapter in Device Manager. Screen blanks briefly, reappears. No Graphics adapter entry was then visible in Device Manager. Restarted PC. MS Basic Display Adapter Visible again in Device Manager. Clicked in Device Manager View Show hidden devices. No other graphics adapter appears, no unknown devices. Rebooted. Tried Scan for Hardware changes. None detected. Tried right-click on MS Basic Display Adapter Properties Driver Update Driver... Search automatically. It replied that it had determined driver was up to date. I checked that there were no graphic driver-related entries in Programs and Features that I could delete (none). Searched for any other drivers with nvidia in their name and deleted them, just keeping the 306.97 installer exe file. Did a Windows Update. Ran GPU-Z which shows (main items): Microsoft Basic Display Adapter GPU G72 BIOS 5.72.22.76.88 Device ID 10DE - 01D5 DDR2 Bus Width 32 Bit Memory size 64MB Driver Version nvlddmkm 6.2.9200.16384 (ForceWare 0.00) / Win8 64 NVIDIA SLI Unknown in the drop-down at the foot, "Microsoft Basic Display Adapter" is the only option If I swap hard disks in that machine to one with a Ubuntu 10.4 installation (originally installed on the same PC), lspci shows "VGA compatible controller as NVIDIA Corporation Device 01d5 (rev a1) (prog-if 00 [VGA controller])" and "kernel driver in use: nvidia" I'm out of ideas for new things to try and would be really grateful of suggestions. Thanks!

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• Why would Linux VM in vSphere ESXi 5.5 show dramatically increased disk i/o latency?

  - by mhucka

  I'm stumped and I hope someone else will recognize the symptoms of this problem. Hardware: new Dell T110 II, dual-core Pentium G860 2.9 GHz, onboard SATA controller, one new 500 GB 7200 RPM cabled hard drive inside the box, other drives inside but not mounted yet. No RAID. Software: fresh CentOS 6.5 virtual machine under VMware ESXi 5.5.0 (build 174 + vSphere Client). 2.5 GB RAM allocated. The disk is how CentOS offered to set it up, namely as a volume inside an LVM Volume Group, except that I skipped having a separate /home and simply have / and /boot. CentOS is patched up, ESXi patched up, latest VMware tools installed in the VM. No users on the system, no services running, no files on the disk but the OS installation. I'm interacting with the VM via the VM virtual console in vSphere Client. Before going further, I wanted to check that I configured things more or less reasonably. I ran the following command as root in a shell on the VM: for i in 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10; do dd if=/dev/zero of=/test.img bs=8k count=256k conv=fdatasync done I.e., just repeat the dd command 10 times, which results in printing the transfer rate each time. The results are disturbing. It starts off well: 262144+0 records in 262144+0 records out 2147483648 bytes (2.1 GB) copied, 20.451 s, 105 MB/s 262144+0 records in 262144+0 records out 2147483648 bytes (2.1 GB) copied, 20.4202 s, 105 MB/s ... but after 7-8 of these, it then prints 262144+0 records in 262144+0 records out 2147483648 bytes (2.1 GG) copied, 82.9779 s, 25.9 MB/s 262144+0 records in 262144+0 records out 2147483648 bytes (2.1 GB) copied, 84.0396 s, 25.6 MB/s 262144+0 records in 262144+0 records out 2147483648 bytes (2.1 GB) copied, 103.42 s, 20.8 MB/s If I wait a significant amount of time, say 30-45 minutes, and run it again, it again goes back to 105 MB/s, and after several rounds (sometimes a few, sometimes 10+), it drops to ~20-25 MB/s again. Plotting the disk latency in vSphere's interface, it shows periods of high disk latency hitting 1.2-1.5 seconds during the times that dd reports the low throughput. (And yes, things get pretty unresponsive while that's happening.) What could be causing this? I'm comfortable that it is not due to the disk failing, because I also had configured two other disks as an additional volume in the same system. At first I thought I did something wrong with that volume, but after commenting the volume out from /etc/fstab and rebooting, and trying the tests on / as shown above, it became clear that the problem is elsewhere. It is probably an ESXi configuration problem, but I'm not very experienced with ESXi. It's probably something stupid, but after trying to figure this out for many hours over multiple days, I can't find the problem, so I hope someone can point me in the right direction. (P.S.: yes, I know this hardware combo won't win any speed awards as a server, and I have reasons for using this low-end hardware and running a single VM, but I think that's besides the point for this question [unless it's actually a hardware problem].) ADDENDUM #1: Reading other answers such as this one made me try adding oflag=direct to dd. However, it makes no difference in the pattern of results: initially the numbers are higher for many rounds, then they drop to 20-25 MB/s. (The initial absolute numbers are in the 50 MB/s range.) ADDENDUM #2: Adding sync ; echo 3 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches into the loop does not make a difference at all. ADDENDUM #3: To take out further variables, I now run dd such that the file it creates is larger than the amount of RAM on the system. The new command is dd if=/dev/zero of=/test.img bs=16k count=256k conv=fdatasync oflag=direct. Initial throughput numbers with this version of the command are ~50 MB/s. They drop to 20-25 MB/s when things go south. ADDENDUM #4: Here is the output of iostat -d -m -x 1 running in another terminal window while performance is "good" and then again when it's "bad". (While this is going on, I'm running dd if=/dev/zero of=/test.img bs=16k count=256k conv=fdatasync oflag=direct.) First, when things are "good", it shows this: When things go "bad", iostat -d -m -x 1 shows this:

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• What needs updating when moving a bootable Windows 7 (or Vista) partition?

  - by SuperTempel

  When I move a bootable NTFS partition with Windows on it to a different block offset, what needs updating to make it bootable again? In particular, here's what I tried: I have a disk with several partitions, one of which is the NTFS partition with Windows on it, and the disk uses the plain old MBR block 0 for the partitions layout (no more than 4 partitions). Now I format and partition a new, larger, disk. There I make room for the NTFS partition and copy the contents from the old disk's NTFS Windows partition into. And I make the partition "active". However, when I try to boot from this disk, I get a "read error" message immediately and the booting stops, the exact text is: A disk read error occurred Press Ctrl+Alt+Del to restart I verified that both disks have the same boot sector code in block 0. It seems to me that something else might need updating. I guess that somewhere there's a absolute block reference that I need to update, probably pointing to the next level loader or to the NT kernel. Update: I found this article going quite into the depth of what I want to know. However, it says to modify boot.ini, but I have Windows 7 installed here, where such things appear to have changed: No boot.ini but a folder called System Volume Information with GUID and other data in it that sounds related to my problem. Going to keep digging... Update 2: Thanks to the terrible looking but very informative website by starman, I was able to figure out the first step: The NTFS boot sector has a field for "hidden" sectors. This feld has to contain the sector number of the boot sector. This solves the "read error" message. Now, however, I get a "BOOTMGR is missing" error instead. Looks like there's another place where a block number has to be adjusted, but I can't find anything in the code listing about this. I do find a lot of help sites suggesting Windows tools for fixing this "BOOTMGR is missing" problem, but none seem to know what goes on behind the scenes. Kind of like suggesting to re-install Windows when there's a little problem with it. At least, those fixes seem to work, mostly involving the Bcdedit and Bootrec tools. Now, who knows what they do, especially the latter, in regards to a moved partition? Update 3: After lots of trial-and-error attempts, I believe now that the solution lies in the BCD-Template registry file, residing usually inside \Windows\System32\config. If I get this updated using the "bcdboot" command, Windows starts up from it. I am now in the middle of figuring out what information this registry contains relevant to the above question. Any pointers to the contents of this registry are welcome. Update 4: Turns out that while the BCD-Template file gets rewritten and has different binary contents than its predecessor, the values inside do not change. So it must be something else that bcdboot.exe writes. I had previously already checked if it changes the first 32 boot blocks of the partition, but they appear to remain unchanged. Parititon map doesn't get changed, either. So what is it that bcdboot modifies besides the BCD registry? Any tips on how I can trace that? Are there low level tools that show me what files a program writes to? Update 5: The answer seems to be: c:\Boot\BCD is also changed, and that appears to be the key file for the boot manager's process. I'll investigate this later... Update 6: It seems to be an important detail that I had originally two partitions created when I installed Windows 7: A small partition of 204800 sectors which appears to be a bootstrap partition, followed by the actual, large, partition containing the Windows system (drive C:). When I tried to transfer this installation to a new, larger, disk, I had kept the same two partitions intact on the new drive, although they ended up at a different offset. This alone led to the "BOOTMGR is missing" message. Since then, I've used bcdboot.exe only on the Windows partition, which added the \Boot\BCD file on that partition. That file (and folder) did originally only exist on the smaller partition. Hence, this problem may be more complicated in my case as one partition (the boot strapper) referred to another partition (the one containing the OS), whereas other people may only have to deal with one partition containing both, and maybe there the solution is simpler. Update 7: Found one more detail: The \Boot\BCD file records the MBR's serial number. If that number doesn't match, the system won't boot. Next I'll test if there's also an absolute block reference stored in there.

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• How to Upgrade Your Netbook to Windows 7 Home Premium

  - by Matthew Guay

  Would you like more features and flash in Windows on your netbook?  Here’s how you can easily upgrade your netbook to Windows 7 Home Premium the easy way. Most new netbooks today ship with Windows 7 Starter, which is the cheapest edition of Windows 7.  It is fine for many computing tasks, and will run all your favorite programs great, but it lacks many customization, multimedia, and business features found in higher editions.  Here we’ll show you how you can quickly upgrade your netbook to more full-featured edition of Windows 7 using Windows Anytime Upgrade.  Also, if you want to upgrade your laptop or desktop to another edition of Windows 7, say Professional, you can follow these same steps to upgrade it, too. Please note: This is only for computers already running Windows 7.  If your netbook is running XP or Vista, you will have to run a traditional upgrade to install Windows 7. Upgrade Advisor First, let’s make sure your netbook can support the extra features, such as Aero Glass, in Windows 7 Home Premium.  Most modern netbooks that ship with Windows 7 Starter can run the advanced features in Windows 7 Home Premium, but let’s check just in case.  Download the Windows 7 Upgrade Advisor (link below), and install as normal. Once it’s installed, run it and click Start Check.   Make sure you’re connected to the internet before you run the check, or otherwise you may see this error message.  If you see it, click Ok and then connect to the internet and start the check again. It will now scan all of your programs and hardware to make sure they’re compatible with Windows 7.  Since you’re already running Windows 7 Starter, it will also tell you if your computer will support the features in other editions of Windows 7. After a few moments, the Upgrade Advisor will show you want it found.  Here we see that our netbook, a Samsung N150, can be upgraded to Windows 7 Home Premium, Professional, or Ultimate. We also see that we had one issue, but this was because a driver we had installed was not recognized.  Click “See all system requirements” to see what your netbook can do with the new edition. This shows you which of the requirements, including support for Windows Aero, your netbook meets.  Here our netbook supports Aero, so we’re ready to go upgrade. For more, check out our article on how to make sure your computer can run Windows 7 with Upgrade Advisor. Upgrade with Anytime Upgrade Now, we’re ready to upgrade our netbook to Windows 7 Home Premium.  Enter “Anytime Upgrade” in the Start menu search,and select Windows Anytime Upgrade. Windows Anytime Upgrade lets you upgrade using product key you already have or one you purchase during the upgrade process.  And, it installs without any downloads or Windows disks, so it works great even for netbooks without DVD drives. Anytime Upgrades are cheaper than a standard upgrade, and for a limited time, select retailers in the US are offering Anytime Upgrades to Windows 7 Home Premium for only $49.99 if purchased with a new netbook.  If you already have a netbook running Windows 7 Starter, you can either purchase an Anytime Upgrade package at a retail store or purchase a key online during the upgrade process for $79.95.  Or, if you have a standard Windows 7 product key (full or upgrade), you can use it in Anytime upgrade.  This is especially nice if you can purchase Windows 7 cheaper through your school, university, or office. Purchase an upgrade online To purchase an upgrade online, click “Go online to choose the edition of Windows 7 that’s best for you”.   Here you can see a comparison of the features of each edition of Windows 7.  Note that you can upgrade to either Home Premium, Professional, or Ultimate.  We chose home Premium because it has most of the features that home users want, including Media Center and Aero Glass effects.  Also note that the price of each upgrade is cheaper than the respective upgrade from Windows XP or Vista.  Click buy under the edition you want.   Enter your billing information, then your payment information.  Once you confirm your purchase, you will directly be taken to the Upgrade screen.  Make sure to save your receipt, as you will need the product key if you ever need to reinstall Windows on your computer. Upgrade with an existing product key If you purchased an Anytime Upgrade kit from a retailer, or already have a Full or Upgrade key for another edition of Windows 7, choose “Enter an upgrade key”. Enter your product key, and click Next.  If you purchased an Anytime Upgrade kit, the product key will be located on the inside of the case on a yellow sticker. The key will be verified as a valid key, and Anytime Upgrade will automatically choose the correct edition of Windows 7 based on your product key.  Click Next when this is finished. Continuing the Upgrade process Whether you entered a key or purchased a key online, the process is the same from here on.  Click “I accept” to accept the license agreement. Now, you’re ready to install your upgrade.  Make sure to save all open files and close any programs, and then click Upgrade. The upgrade only takes about 10 minutes in our experience but your mileage may vary.  Any available Microsoft updates, including ones for Office, Security Essentials, and other products, will be installed before the upgrade takes place. After a couple minutes, your computer will automatically reboot and finish the installation.  It will then reboot once more, and your computer will be ready to use!  Welcome to your new edition of Windows 7! Here’s a before and after shot of our desktop.  When you do an Anytime Upgrade, all of your programs, files, and settings will be just as they were before you upgraded.  The only change we noticed was that our pinned taskbar icons were slightly rearranged to the default order of Internet Explorer, Explorer, and Media Player.  Here’s a shot of our desktop before the upgrade.  Notice that all of our pinned programs and desktop icons are still there, as well as our taskbar customization (we are using small icons on the taskbar instead of the default large icons). Before, with the Windows 7 Starter background and the Aero Basic theme: And after, with Aero Glass and the more colorful default Windows 7 background.   All of the features of Windows 7 Home Premium are now ready to use.  The Aero theme was activate by default, but you can now customize your netbook theme, background, and more with the Personalization pane.  To open it, right-click on your desktop and select Personalize. You can also now use Windows Media Center, and can play-back DVD movies using an external drive. One of our favorite tools, the Snipping Tool, is also now available for easy screenshots and clips. Activating you new edition of Windows 7 You will still need to activate your new edition of Windows 7.  To do this right away, open the start menu, right-click on Computer, and select Properties.   Scroll to the bottom, and click “Activate Windows Now”. Make sure you’re connected to the internet, and then select “Activate Windows online now”. Activation may take a few minutes, depending on your internet connection speed. When it is done, the Activation wizard will let you know that Windows is activated and genuine.  Your upgrade is all finished! Conclusion Windows Anytime Upgrade makes it easy, and somewhat cheaper, to upgrade to another edition of Windows 7.  It’s useful for desktop and laptop owners who want to upgrade to Professional or Ultimate, but many more netbook owners will want to upgrade from Starter to Home Premium or another edition.  Links Download the Windows 7 Upgrade Advisor Windows Team Blog: Anytime Upgrade Special with new PC purchase Similar Articles Productive Geek Tips How To Upgrade from Vista to Windows 7 Home Premium EditionAnother Blog You Should Subscribe ToMysticgeek Blog: Turn Vista Home Premium Into Ultimate (Part 3) – Shadow CopyUpgrade Ubuntu from Breezy to DapperHow to Upgrade the Windows 7 RC to RTM (Final Release) TouchFreeze Alternative in AutoHotkey The Icy Undertow Desktop Windows Home Server – Backup to LAN The Clear & Clean Desktop Use This Bookmarklet to Easily Get Albums Use AutoHotkey to Assign a Hotkey to a Specific Window Latest Software Reviews Tinyhacker Random Tips DVDFab 6 Revo Uninstaller Pro Registry Mechanic 9 for Windows PC Tools Internet Security Suite 2010 Get Your Delicious Bookmarks In Firefox’s Awesome Bar Manage Photos Across Different Social Sites With Dropico Test Drive Windows 7 Online Download Wallpapers From National Geographic Site Spyware Blaster v4.3 Yes, it’s Patch Tuesday

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• SQL SERVER – Shrinking NDF and MDF Files – Readers’ Opinion

  - by pinaldave

  Previously, I had written a blog post about SQL SERVER – Shrinking NDF and MDF Files – A Safe Operation. After that, I have written the following blog post that talks about the advantage and disadvantage of Shrinking and why one should not be Shrinking a file SQL SERVER – SHRINKFILE and TRUNCATE Log File in SQL Server 2008. On this subject, SQL Server Expert Imran Mohammed left an excellent comment. I just feel that his comment is worth a big article itself. For everybody to read his wonderful explanation, I am posting this blog post here. Thanks Imran! Shrinking Database always creates performance degradation and increases fragmentation in the database. I suggest that you keep that in mind before you start reading the following comment. If you are going to say Shrinking Database is bad and evil, here I am saying it first and loud. Now, the comment of Imran is written while keeping in mind only the process showing how the Shrinking Database Operation works. Imran has already explained his understanding and requests further explanation. I have removed the Best Practices section from Imran’s comments, as there are a few corrections. Comments from Imran - Before I explain to you the concept of Shrink Database, let us understand the concept of Database Files. When we create a new database inside the SQL Server, it is typical that SQl Server creates two physical files in the Operating System: one with .MDF Extension, and another with .LDF Extension. .MDF is called as Primary Data File. .LDF is called as Transactional Log file. If you add one or more data files to a database, the physical file that will be created in the Operating System will have an extension of .NDF, which is called as Secondary Data File; whereas, when you add one or more log files to a database, the physical file that will be created in the Operating System will have the same extension as .LDF. The questions now are, “Why does a new data file have a different extension (.NDF)?”, “Why is it called as a secondary data file?” and, “Why is .MDF file called as a primary data file?” Answers: Note: The following explanation is based on my limited knowledge of SQL Server, so experts please do comment. A data file with a .MDF extension is called a Primary Data File, and the reason behind it is that it contains Database Catalogs. Catalogs mean Meta Data. Meta Data is “Data about Data”. An example for Meta Data includes system objects that store information about other objects, except the data stored by the users. sysobjects stores information about all objects in that database. sysindexes stores information about all indexes and rows of every table in that database. syscolumns stores information about all columns that each table has in that database. sysusers stores how many users that database has. Although Meta Data stores information about other objects, it is not the transactional data that a user enters; rather, it’s a system data about the data. Because Primary Data File (.MDF) contains important information about the database, it is treated as a special file. It is given the name Primary Data file because it contains the Database Catalogs. This file is present in the Primary File Group. You can always create additional objects (Tables, indexes etc.) in the Primary data file (This file is present in the Primary File group), by mentioning that you want to create this object under the Primary File Group. Any additional data file that you add to the database will have only transactional data but no Meta Data, so that’s why it is called as the Secondary Data File. It is given the extension name .NDF so that the user can easily identify whether a specific data file is a Primary Data File or a Secondary Data File(s). There are many advantages of storing data in different files that are under different file groups. You can put your read only in the tables in one file (file group) and read-write tables in another file (file group) and take a backup of only the file group that has read the write data, so that you can avoid taking the backup of a read-only data that cannot be altered. Creating additional files in different physical hard disks also improves I/O performance. A real-time scenario where we use Files could be this one: Let’s say you have created a database called MYDB in the D-Drive which has a 50 GB space. You also have 1 Database File (.MDF) and 1 Log File on D-Drive and suppose that all of that 50 GB space has been used up and you do not have any free space left but you still want to add an additional space to the database. One easy option would be to add one more physical hard disk to the server, add new data file to MYDB database and create this new data file in a new hard disk then move some of the objects from one file to another, and put the file group under which you added new file as default File group, so that any new object that is created gets into the new files, unless specified. Now that we got a basic idea of what data files are, what type of data they store and why they are named the way they are, let’s move on to the next topic, Shrinking. First of all, I disagree with the Microsoft terminology for naming this feature as “Shrinking”. Shrinking, in regular terms, means to reduce the size of a file by means of compressing it. BUT in SQL Server, Shrinking DOES NOT mean compressing. Shrinking in SQL Server means to remove an empty space from database files and release the empty space either to the Operating System or to SQL Server. Let’s examine this through an example. Let’s say you have a database “MYDB” with a size of 50 GB that has a free space of about 20 GB, which means 30GB in the database is filled with data and the 20 GB of space is free in the database because it is not currently utilized by the SQL Server (Database); it is reserved and not yet in use. If you choose to shrink the database and to release an empty space to Operating System, and MIND YOU, you can only shrink the database size to 30 GB (in our example). You cannot shrink the database to a size less than what is filled with data. So, if you have a database that is full and has no empty space in the data file and log file (you don’t have an extra disk space to set Auto growth option ON), YOU CANNOT issue the SHRINK Database/File command, because of two reasons: There is no empty space to be released because the Shrink command does not compress the database; it only removes the empty space from the database files and there is no empty space. Remember, the Shrink command is a logged operation. When we perform the Shrink operation, this information is logged in the log file. If there is no empty space in the log file, SQL Server cannot write to the log file and you cannot shrink a database. Now answering your questions: (1) Q: What are the USEDPAGES & ESTIMATEDPAGES that appear on the Results Pane after using the DBCC SHRINKDATABASE (NorthWind, 10) ? A: According to Books Online (For SQL Server 2000): UsedPages: the number of 8-KB pages currently used by the file. EstimatedPages: the number of 8-KB pages that SQL Server estimates the file could be shrunk down to. Important Note: Before asking any question, make sure you go through Books Online or search on the Google once. The reasons for doing so have many advantages: 1. If someone else already has had this question before, chances that it is already answered are more than 50 %. 2. This reduces your waiting time for the answer. (2) Q: What is the difference between Shrinking the Database using DBCC command like the one above & shrinking it from the Enterprise Manager Console by Right-Clicking the database, going to TASKS & then selecting SHRINK Option, on a SQL Server 2000 environment? A: As far as my knowledge goes, there is no difference, both will work the same way, one advantage of using this command from query analyzer is, your console won’t be freezed. You can do perform your regular activities using Enterprise Manager. (3) Q: What is this .NDF file that is discussed above? I have never heard of it. What is it used for? Is it used by end-users, DBAs or the SERVER/SYSTEM itself? A: .NDF File is a secondary data file. You never heard of it because when database is created, SQL Server creates database by default with only 1 data file (.MDF) and 1 log file (.LDF) or however your model database has been setup, because a model database is a template used every time you create a new database using the CREATE DATABASE Command. Unless you have added an extra data file, you will not see it. This file is used by the SQL Server to store data which are saved by the users. Hope this information helps. I would like to as the experts to please comment if what I understand is not what the Microsoft guys meant. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.SQLAuthority.com) Filed under: Readers Contribution, Readers Question, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Query, SQL Scripts, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology

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• Why i disconnect every few seconds? using USB wireless adapter

  - by Rev3rse

  i know it's for ubuntu questions..but mint and ubuntu are very similiar and i had the same problem with linux ubuntu too..so i think this is the right place for my question anyway i don't have experience with drivers and other things,after installing Linux on my machine( i did dist-upgrade btw) everything seem to be great because i didn't have to install any driver, after a while i realized that my connection stop after few minutes(actually it shows that I'm connected but it's not) so i have to reconnect and after few minutes it disconnect again. I'm using Alfa USB wireless adapter AWS036H, and my Linux version is 11 i think the driver i'm using is Realtek i searched in the Internet and i found nothing. these are some outputs of few things people usually ask for: Note: I'm NOT using a laptop. dmsg: [19445.604448] [UFW BLOCK] IN=wlan0 OUT= MAC=00:c0:ca:44:62:d1:00:24:c8:4b:46:e0:08:00 SRC=2.174.220.77 DST=192.168.1.6 LEN=52 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=104 ID=10466 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=55150 DPT=6881 WINDOW=8192 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 [19448.164050] [UFW BLOCK] IN=wlan0 OUT= MAC=00:c0:ca:44:62:d1:00:24:c8:4b:46:e0:08:00 SRC=192.168.1.254 DST=192.168.1.6 LEN=56 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=255 ID=41982 PROTO=ICMP TYPE=3 CODE=0 [SRC=192.168.1.6 DST=91.189.88.33 LEN=52 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=63 ID=7566 DF PROTO=TCP INCOMPLETE [8 bytes] ] [19465.079565] [UFW BLOCK] IN=wlan0 OUT= MAC=00:c0:ca:44:62:d1:00:24:c8:4b:46:e0:08:00 SRC=80.128.216.31 DST=192.168.1.6 LEN=48 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=113 ID=5100 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=50169 DPT=6881 WINDOW=8192 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 [19486.270328] [UFW BLOCK] IN=wlan0 OUT= MAC=00:c0:ca:44:62:d1:00:24:c8:4b:46:e0:08:00 SRC=90.130.13.122 DST=192.168.1.6 LEN=48 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=109 ID=22207 PROTO=UDP SPT=6881 DPT=6881 LEN=28 [19497.480522] wlan0: deauthenticating from 00:24:c8:4b:46:e0 by local choice (reason=3) [19497.593276] cfg80211: All devices are disconnected, going to restore regulatory settings [19497.593282] cfg80211: Restoring regulatory settings [19497.593346] cfg80211: Calling CRDA to update world regulatory domain [19497.638740] cfg80211: Updating information on frequency 2412 MHz for a 20 MHz width channel with regulatory rule: [19497.638745] cfg80211: 2402000 KHz - 2472000 KHz @ KHz), (300 mBi, 2000 mBm) [19497.638749] cfg80211: Updating information on frequency 2417 MHz for a 20 MHz width channel with regulatory rule: [19497.638753] cfg80211: 2402000 KHz - 2472000 KHz @ KHz), (300 mBi, 2000 mBm) [19497.638756] cfg80211: Updating information on frequency 2422 MHz for a 20 MHz width channel with regulatory rule: [19497.638760] cfg80211: 2402000 KHz - 2472000 KHz @ KHz), (300 mBi, 2000 mBm) [19497.638763] cfg80211: Updating information on frequency 2427 MHz for a 20 MHz width channel with regulatory rule: [19497.638766] cfg80211: 2402000 KHz - 2472000 KHz @ KHz), (300 mBi, 2000 mBm) [19497.638770] cfg80211: Updating information on frequency 2432 MHz for a 20 MHz width channel with regulatory rule: [19497.638773] cfg80211: 2402000 KHz - 2472000 KHz @ KHz), (300 mBi, 2000 mBm) [19497.638776] cfg80211: Updating information on frequency 2437 MHz for a 20 MHz width channel with regulatory rule: [19497.638780] cfg80211: 2402000 KHz - 2472000 KHz @ KHz), (300 mBi, 2000 mBm) [19497.638783] cfg80211: Updating information on frequency 2442 MHz for a 20 MHz width channel with regulatory rule: [19497.638787] cfg80211: 2402000 KHz - 2472000 KHz @ KHz), (300 mBi, 2000 mBm) [19497.638790] cfg80211: Updating information on frequency 2447 MHz for a 20 MHz width channel with regulatory rule: [19497.638794] cfg80211: 2402000 KHz - 2472000 KHz @ KHz), (300 mBi, 2000 mBm) [19497.638797] cfg80211: Updating information on frequency 2452 MHz for a 20 MHz width channel with regulatory rule: [19497.638801] cfg80211: 2402000 KHz - 2472000 KHz @ KHz), (300 mBi, 2000 mBm) [19497.638804] cfg80211: Updating information on frequency 2457 MHz for a 20 MHz width channel with regulatory rule: [19497.638807] cfg80211: 2402000 KHz - 2472000 KHz @ KHz), (300 mBi, 2000 mBm) [19497.638811] cfg80211: Updating information on frequency 2462 MHz for a 20 MHz width channel with regulatory rule: [19497.638814] cfg80211: 2402000 KHz - 2472000 KHz @ KHz), (300 mBi, 2000 mBm) [19497.638817] cfg80211: Updating information on frequency 2467 MHz for a 20 MHz width channel with regulatory rule: [19497.638821] cfg80211: 2457000 KHz - 2482000 KHz @ KHz), (300 mBi, 2000 mBm) [19497.638824] cfg80211: Updating information on frequency 2472 MHz for a 20 MHz width channel with regulatory rule: [19497.638828] cfg80211: 2457000 KHz - 2482000 KHz @ KHz), (300 mBi, 2000 mBm) [19497.638831] cfg80211: Updating information on frequency 2484 MHz for a 20 MHz width channel with regulatory rule: [19497.638835] cfg80211: 2474000 KHz - 2494000 KHz @ KHz), (300 mBi, 2000 mBm) [19497.638838] cfg80211: World regulatory domain updated: [19497.638841] cfg80211: (start_freq - end_freq @ bandwidth), (max_antenna_gain, max_eirp) [19497.638845] cfg80211: (2402000 KHz - 2472000 KHz @ 40000 KHz), (300 mBi, 2000 mBm) [19497.638848] cfg80211: (2457000 KHz - 2482000 KHz @ 20000 KHz), (300 mBi, 2000 mBm) [19497.638852] cfg80211: (2474000 KHz - 2494000 KHz @ 20000 KHz), (300 mBi, 2000 mBm) [19497.638855] cfg80211: (5170000 KHz - 5250000 KHz @ 40000 KHz), (300 mBi, 2000 mBm) [19497.638859] cfg80211: (5735000 KHz - 5835000 KHz @ 40000 KHz), (300 mBi, 2000 mBm) [19513.145150] wlan0: authenticate with 00:24:c8:4b:46:e0 (try 1) [19513.146910] wlan0: authenticated [19513.252775] wlan0: associate with 00:24:c8:4b:46:e0 (try 1) [19513.255149] wlan0: RX AssocResp from 00:24:c8:4b:46:e0 (capab=0x411 status=0 aid=2) [19513.255154] wlan0: associated [19515.675091] [UFW BLOCK] IN=wlan0 OUT= MAC=00:c0:ca:44:62:d1:00:24:c8:4b:46:e0:08:00 SRC=91.79.8.40 DST=192.168.1.6 LEN=48 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x20 TTL=110 ID=42720 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=1945 DPT=6881 WINDOW=65535 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 [19525.684312] [UFW BLOCK] IN=wlan0 OUT= MAC=00:c0:ca:44:62:d1:00:24:c8:4b:46:e0:08:00 SRC=78.13.80.169 DST=192.168.1.6 LEN=48 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=109 ID=49890 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=53401 DPT=6881 WINDOW=16384 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 [19551.856766] [UFW BLOCK] IN=wlan0 OUT= MAC=00:c0:ca:44:62:d1:00:24:c8:4b:46:e0:08:00 SRC=85.228.39.93 DST=192.168.1.6 LEN=48 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=103 ID=1162 PROTO=UDP SPT=6881 DPT=6881 LEN=28 [19564.623005] [UFW BLOCK] IN=wlan0 OUT= MAC=00:c0:ca:44:62:d1:00:24:c8:4b:46:e0:08:00 SRC=90.202.21.238 DST=192.168.1.6 LEN=48 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=114 ID=17881 PROTO=UDP SPT=6881 DPT=6881 LEN=28 [19584.855364] [UFW BLOCK] IN=wlan0 OUT= MAC=00:c0:ca:44:62:d1:00:24:c8:4b:46:e0:08:00 SRC=2.49.151.87 DST=192.168.1.6 LEN=48 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=117 ID=31716 PROTO=UDP SPT=6881 DPT=6881 LEN=28 [19604.688647] [UFW BLOCK] IN=wlan0 OUT= MAC=00:c0:ca:44:62:d1:00:24:c8:4b:46:e0:08:00 SRC=109.225.124.155 DST=192.168.1.6 LEN=48 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=112 ID=6656 PROTO=UDP SPT=6881 DPT=6881 LEN=28 [19626.362529] [UFW BLOCK] IN=wlan0 OUT= MAC=00:c0:ca:44:62:d1:00:24:c8:4b:46:e0:08:00 SRC=81.184.50.41 DST=192.168.1.6 LEN=48 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=114 ID=23241 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=1416 DPT=6881 WINDOW=65535 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 [19645.040906] [UFW BLOCK] IN=wlan0 OUT= MAC=00:c0:ca:44:62:d1:00:24:c8:4b:46:e0:08:00 SRC=92.250.245.244 DST=192.168.1.6 LEN=48 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=0 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=50061 DPT=6881 WINDOW=16384 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 [19665.212659] [UFW BLOCK] IN=wlan0 OUT= MAC=00:c0:ca:44:62:d1:00:24:c8:4b:46:e0:08:00 SRC=87.183.3.18 DST=192.168.1.6 LEN=52 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=111 ID=1689 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=62817 DPT=6881 WINDOW=8192 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 [19685.036415] [UFW BLOCK] IN=wlan0 OUT= MAC=00:c0:ca:44:62:d1:00:24:c8:4b:46:e0:08:00 SRC=78.13.80.169 DST=192.168.1.6 LEN=48 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=109 ID=50638 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=49624 DPT=6881 WINDOW=16384 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 [19705.487915] [UFW BLOCK] IN=wlan0 OUT= MAC=00:c0:ca:44:62:d1:00:24:c8:4b:46:e0:08:00 SRC=217.122.17.82 DST=192.168.1.6 LEN=56 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=112 ID=19070 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=54795 DPT=6881 WINDOW=8192 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 [19726.779185] [UFW BLOCK] IN=wlan0 OUT= MAC=00:c0:ca:44:62:d1:00:24:c8:4b:46:e0:08:00 SRC=80.88.116.239 DST=192.168.1.6 LEN=48 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=109 ID=32168 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57330 DPT=6881 WINDOW=8192 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 [19744.755673] [UFW BLOCK] IN=wlan0 OUT= MAC=00:c0:ca:44:62:d1:00:24:c8:4b:46:e0:08:00 SRC=109.124.5.43 DST=192.168.1.6 LEN=48 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=113 ID=2288 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=6475 DPT=6881 WINDOW=65535 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 [19764.449183] [UFW BLOCK] IN=wlan0 OUT= MAC=00:c0:ca:44:62:d1:00:24:c8:4b:46:e0:08:00 SRC=79.216.35.19 DST=192.168.1.6 LEN=48 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=113 ID=4281 PROTO=UDP SPT=6881 DPT=6881 LEN=28 [19784.456189] [UFW BLOCK] IN=wlan0 OUT= MAC=00:c0:ca:44:62:d1:00:24:c8:4b:46:e0:08:00 SRC=81.82.25.149 DST=192.168.1.6 LEN=52 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=114 ID=1866 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=59507 DPT=6881 WINDOW=8192 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 [19804.836687] [UFW BLOCK] IN=wlan0 OUT= MAC=00:c0:ca:44:62:d1:00:24:c8:4b:46:e0:08:00 SRC=81.56.199.3 DST=192.168.1.6 LEN=48 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=108 ID=14749 PROTO=UDP SPT=6881 DPT=6881 LEN=28 [19824.812685] [UFW BLOCK] IN=wlan0 OUT= MAC=00:c0:ca:44:62:d1:00:24:c8:4b:46:e0:08:00 SRC=186.28.7.159 DST=192.168.1.6 LEN=48 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=107 ID=44686 PROTO=UDP SPT=23418 DPT=6881 LEN=28 [19847.683314] [UFW BLOCK] IN=wlan0 OUT= MAC=00:c0:ca:44:62:d1:00:24:c8:4b:46:e0:08:00 SRC=78.13.80.169 DST=192.168.1.6 LEN=48 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=108 ID=63046 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=52192 DPT=6881 WINDOW=16384 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 [19884.711455] [UFW BLOCK] IN=wlan0 OUT= MAC=00:c0:ca:44:62:d1:00:24:c8:4b:46:e0:08:00 SRC=84.146.24.238 DST=192.168.1.6 LEN=48 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=113 ID=27914 PROTO=UDP SPT=6881 DPT=6881 LEN=28 [19884.983589] [UFW BLOCK] IN=wlan0 OUT= MAC=00:c0:ca:44:62:d1:00:24:c8:4b:46:e0:08:00 SRC=2.107.130.61 DST=192.168.1.6 LEN=48 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=112 ID=7742 PROTO=UDP SPT=6881 DPT=6881 LEN=28 [19905.681078] [UFW BLOCK] IN=wlan0 OUT= MAC=00:c0:ca:44:62:d1:00:24:c8:4b:46:e0:08:00 SRC=95.21.11.121 DST=192.168.1.6 LEN=48 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=114 ID=31775 PROTO=UDP SPT=6881 DPT=6881 LEN=28 [19926.035707] [UFW BLOCK] IN=wlan0 OUT= MAC=00:c0:ca:44:62:d1:00:24:c8:4b:46:e0:08:00 SRC=109.76.132.55 DST=192.168.1.6 LEN=48 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=113 ID=28140 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=51905 DPT=6881 WINDOW=8192 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 [19945.668326] [UFW BLOCK] IN=wlan0 OUT= MAC=00:c0:ca:44:62:d1:00:24:c8:4b:46:e0:08:00 SRC=188.92.0.197 DST=192.168.1.6 LEN=48 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=113 ID=7865 PROTO=UDP SPT=6881 DPT=6881 LEN=28 [19967.200339] [UFW BLOCK] IN=wlan0 OUT= MAC=00:c0:ca:44:62:d1:00:24:c8:4b:46:e0:08:00 SRC=83.252.102.172 DST=192.168.1.6 LEN=52 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=105 ID=28408 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=63505 DPT=6881 WINDOW=8192 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 [19999.752732] [UFW BLOCK] IN=wlan0 OUT= MAC=00:c0:ca:44:62:d1:00:24:c8:4b:46:e0:08:00 SRC=79.166.171.200 DST=192.168.1.6 LEN=48 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=110 ID=36405 PROTO=UDP SPT=6881 DPT=6881 LEN=28 [20007.928719] [UFW BLOCK] IN=wlan0 OUT= MAC=00:c0:ca:44:62:d1:00:24:c8:4b:46:e0:08:00 SRC=79.235.59.16 DST=192.168.1.6 LEN=48 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=112 ID=46415 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=4537 DPT=6881 WINDOW=16384 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 [20026.181726] [UFW BLOCK] IN=wlan0 OUT= MAC=00:c0:ca:44:62:d1:00:24:c8:4b:46:e0:08:00 SRC=81.182.169.36 DST=192.168.1.6 LEN=48 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=106 ID=25126 PROTO=UDP SPT=6881 DPT=6881 LEN=28 [20048.845358] [UFW BLOCK] IN=wlan0 OUT= MAC=00:c0:ca:44:62:d1:00:24:c8:4b:46:e0:08:00 SRC=87.66.118.104 DST=192.168.1.6 LEN=48 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=111 ID=18068 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=49928 DPT=6881 WINDOW=8192 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 [20064.341857] [UFW BLOCK] IN=wlan0 OUT= MAC=00:c0:ca:44:62:d1:00:24:c8:4b:46:e0:08:00 SRC=77.2.63.153 DST=192.168.1.6 LEN=48 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=107 ID=7242 PROTO=UDP SPT=6881 DPT=6881 LEN=28 [20090.093490] [UFW BLOCK] IN=wlan0 OUT= MAC=00:c0:ca:44:62:d1:00:24:c8:4b:46:e0:08:00 SRC=93.16.17.210 DST=192.168.1.6 LEN=48 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=108 ID=894 PROTO=UDP SPT=6881 DPT=6881 LEN=28 [20104.443995] [UFW BLOCK] IN=wlan0 OUT= MAC=00:c0:ca:44:62:d1:00:24:c8:4b:46:e0:08:00 SRC=89.83.235.99 DST=192.168.1.6 LEN=52 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=114 ID=17295 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=58979 DPT=6881 WINDOW=8192 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 [20128.625374] [UFW BLOCK] IN=wlan0 OUT= MAC=00:c0:ca:44:62:d1:00:24:c8:4b:46:e0:08:00 SRC=81.62.91.79 DST=192.168.1.6 LEN=48 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=107 ID=21793 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=51446 DPT=6881 WINDOW=8192 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 [20151.055506] [UFW BLOCK] IN=wlan0 OUT= MAC=00:c0:ca:44:62:d1:00:24:c8:4b:46:e0:08:00 SRC=84.135.217.213 DST=192.168.1.6 LEN=52 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=112 ID=32452 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=55136 DPT=6881 WINDOW=8192 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 [20164.618874] [UFW BLOCK] IN=wlan0 OUT= MAC=00:c0:ca:44:62:d1:00:24:c8:4b:46:e0:08:00 SRC=91.79.8.40 DST=192.168.1.6 LEN=48 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x20 TTL=110 ID=47784 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=2422 DPT=6881 WINDOW=65535 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 [20184.337745] [UFW BLOCK] IN=wlan0 OUT= MAC=00:c0:ca:44:62:d1:00:24:c8:4b:46:e0:08:00 SRC=83.252.212.71 DST=192.168.1.6 LEN=48 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=107 ID=14544 PROTO=UDP SPT=6881 DPT=6881 LEN=28 [20205.007512] [UFW BLOCK] IN=wlan0 OUT= MAC=00:c0:ca:44:62:d1:00:24:c8:4b:46:e0:08:00 SRC=91.62.158.247 DST=192.168.1.6 LEN=48 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=110 ID=21562 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=3933 DPT=6881 WINDOW=65535 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 [20225.204018] [UFW BLOCK] IN=wlan0 OUT= MAC=00:c0:ca:44:62:d1:00:24:c8:4b:46:e0:08:00 SRC=84.146.24.238 DST=192.168.1.6 LEN=52 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=113 ID=15045 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=49630 DPT=6881 WINDOW=8192 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 [20244.842290] [UFW BLOCK] IN=wlan0 OUT= MAC=00:c0:ca:44:62:d1:00:24:c8:4b:46:e0:08:00 SRC=82.82.190.168 DST=192.168.1.6 LEN=48 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=112 ID=23741 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=50766 DPT=6881 WINDOW=8192 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 [20266.701649] [UFW BLOCK] IN=wlan0 OUT= MAC=00:c0:ca:44:62:d1:00:24:c8:4b:46:e0:08:00 SRC=88.153.108.124 DST=192.168.1.6 LEN=48 TOS=0x02 PREC=0x00 TTL=111 ID=206 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=2451 DPT=6881 WINDOW=65535 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 [20286.305414] [UFW BLOCK] IN=wlan0 OUT= MAC=00:c0:ca:44:62:d1:00:24:c8:4b:46:e0:08:00 SRC=78.240.86.73 DST=192.168.1.6 LEN=52 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=107 ID=325 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=65184 DPT=6881 WINDOW=8192 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 [20294.293989] [UFW BLOCK] IN=wlan0 OUT= MAC=00:c0:ca:44:62:d1:00:24:c8:4b:46:e0:08:00 SRC=192.168.1.254 DST=192.168.1.6 LEN=56 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=255 ID=43133 PROTO=ICMP TYPE=3 CODE=0 [SRC=192.168.1.6 DST=91.189.88.33 LEN=52 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=63 ID=56899 DF PROTO=TCP INCOMPLETE [8 bytes] ] [20294.297015] [UFW BLOCK] IN=wlan0 OUT= MAC=00:c0:ca:44:62:d1:00:24:c8:4b:46:e0:08:00 SRC=192.168.1.254 DST=192.168.1.6 LEN=56 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=255 ID=43134 PROTO=ICMP TYPE=3 CODE=0 [SRC=192.168.1.6 DST=91.189.88.40 LEN=52 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=63 ID=12080 DF PROTO=TCP INCOMPLETE [8 bytes] ] [20294.297242] [UFW BLOCK] IN=wlan0 OUT= MAC=00:c0:ca:44:62:d1:00:24:c8:4b:46:e0:08:00 SRC=192.168.1.254 DST=192.168.1.6 LEN=56 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=255 ID=43135 PROTO=ICMP TYPE=3 CODE=0 [SRC=192.168.1.6 DST=91.189.88.33 LEN=52 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=63 ID=25195 DF PROTO=TCP INCOMPLETE [8 bytes] ] [20295.478338] wlan0: deauthenticating from 00:24:c8:4b:46:e0 by local choice (reason=3) [20295.552735] cfg80211: All devices are disconnected, going to restore regulatory settings [20295.552742] cfg80211: Restoring regulatory settings [20295.552748] cfg80211: Calling CRDA to update world regulatory domain [20295.680635] cfg80211: Updating information on frequency 2412 MHz for a 20 MHz width channel with regulatory rule: [20295.680641] cfg80211: 2402000 KHz - 2472000 KHz @ KHz), (300 mBi, 2000 mBm) [20295.680644] cfg80211: Updating information on frequency 2417 MHz for a 20 MHz width channel with regulatory rule: [20295.680648] cfg80211: 2402000 KHz - 2472000 KHz @ KHz), (300 mBi, 2000 mBm) [20295.680652] cfg80211: Updating information on frequency 2422 MHz for a 20 MHz width channel with regulatory rule: [20295.680655] cfg80211: 2402000 KHz - 2472000 KHz @ KHz), (300 mBi, 2000 mBm) [20295.680658] cfg80211: Updating information on frequency 2427 MHz for a 20 MHz width channel with regulatory rule: [20295.680662] cfg80211: 2402000 KHz - 2472000 KHz @ KHz), (300 mBi, 2000 mBm) [20295.680665] cfg80211: Updating information on frequency 2432 MHz for a 20 MHz width channel with regulatory rule: [20295.680669] cfg80211: 2402000 KHz - 2472000 KHz @ KHz), (300 mBi, 2000 mBm) [20295.680672] cfg80211: Updating information on frequency 2437 MHz for a 20 MHz width channel with regulatory rule: [20295.680676] cfg80211: 2402000 KHz - 2472000 KHz @ KHz), (300 mBi, 2000 mBm) [20295.680679] cfg80211: Updating information on frequency 2442 MHz for a 20 MHz width channel with regulatory rule: [20295.680683] cfg80211: 2402000 KHz - 2472000 KHz @ KHz), (300 mBi, 2000 mBm) [20295.680687] cfg80211: Updating information on frequency 2447 MHz for a 20 MHz width channel with regulatory rule: [20295.680690] cfg80211: 2402000 KHz - 2472000 KHz @ KHz), (300 mBi, 2000 mBm) [20295.680693] cfg80211: Updating information on frequency 2452 MHz for a 20 MHz width channel with regulatory rule: [20295.680697] cfg80211: 2402000 KHz - 2472000 KHz @ KHz), (300 mBi, 2000 mBm) [20295.680700] cfg80211: Updating information on frequency 2457 MHz for a 20 MHz width channel with regulatory rule: [20295.680704] cfg80211: 2402000 KHz - 2472000 KHz @ KHz), (300 mBi, 2000 mBm) [20295.680708] cfg80211: Updating information on frequency 2462 MHz for a 20 MHz width channel with regulatory rule: [20295.680711] cfg80211: 2402000 KHz - 2472000 KHz @ KHz), (300 mBi, 2000 mBm) [20295.680715] cfg80211: Updating information on frequency 2467 MHz for a 20 MHz width channel with regulatory rule: [20295.680718] cfg80211: 2457000 KHz - 2482000 KHz @ KHz), (300 mBi, 2000 mBm) [20295.680722] cfg80211: Updating information on frequency 2472 MHz for a 20 MHz width channel with regulatory rule: [20295.680725] cfg80211: 2457000 KHz - 2482000 KHz @ KHz), (300 mBi, 2000 mBm) [20295.680728] cfg80211: Updating information on frequency 2484 MHz for a 20 MHz width channel with regulatory rule: [20295.680732] cfg80211: 2474000 KHz - 2494000 KHz @ KHz), (300 mBi, 2000 mBm) [20295.680736] cfg80211: World regulatory domain updated: [20295.680738] cfg80211: (start_freq - end_freq @ bandwidth), (max_antenna_gain, max_eirp) [20295.680742] cfg80211: (2402000 KHz - 2472000 KHz @ 40000 KHz), (300 mBi, 2000 mBm) [20295.680745] cfg80211: (2457000 KHz - 2482000 KHz @ 20000 KHz), (300 mBi, 2000 mBm) [20295.680749] cfg80211: (2474000 KHz - 2494000 KHz @ 20000 KHz), (300 mBi, 2000 mBm) [20295.680752] cfg80211: (5170000 KHz - 5250000 KHz @ 40000 KHz), (300 mBi, 2000 mBm) [20295.680756] cfg80211: (5735000 KHz - 5835000 KHz @ 40000 KHz), (300 mBi, 2000 mBm) [20306.009341] wlan0: authenticate with 00:24:c8:4b:46:e0 (try 1) [20306.011225] wlan0: authenticated [20306.118095] wlan0: associate with 00:24:c8:4b:46:e0 (try 1) [20306.120963] wlan0: RX AssocResp from 00:24:c8:4b:46:e0 (capab=0x411 status=0 aid=2) [20306.120967] wlan0: associated [20307.364427] [UFW BLOCK] IN=wlan0 OUT= MAC=00:c0:ca:44:62:d1:00:24:c8:4b:46:e0:08:00 SRC=87.91.101.130 DST=192.168.1.6 LEN=64 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=49 ID=36839 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=62492 DPT=6881 WINDOW=65535 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 [20310.914290] [UFW BLOCK] IN=wlan0 OUT= MAC=00:c0:ca:44:62:d1:00:24:c8:4b:46:e0:08:00 SRC=192.168.1.254 DST=192.168.1.6 LEN=56 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=255 ID=43180 PROTO=ICMP TYPE=3 CODE=0 [SRC=192.168.1.6 DST=91.189.88.33 LEN=52 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=63 ID=56900 DF PROTO=TCP INCOMPLETE [8 bytes] ] [20310.936634] [UFW BLOCK] IN=wlan0 OUT= MAC=00:c0:ca:44:62:d1:00:24:c8:4b:46:e0:08:00 SRC=192.168.1.254 DST=192.168.1.6 LEN=56 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=255 ID=43181 PROTO=ICMP TYPE=3 CODE=0 [SRC=192.168.1.6 DST=91.189.88.40 LEN=52 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=63 ID=12081 DF PROTO=TCP INCOMPLETE [8 bytes] ] [20310.939017] [UFW BLOCK] IN=wlan0 OUT= MAC=00:c0:ca:44:62:d1:00:24:c8:4b:46:e0:08:00 SRC=192.168.1.254 DST=192.168.1.6 LEN=56 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=255 ID=43182 PROTO=ICMP TYPE=3 CODE=0 [SRC=192.168.1.6 DST=91.189.88.33 LEN=52 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=63 ID=25196 DF PROTO=TCP INCOMPLETE [8 bytes] ] [20325.941050] [UFW BLOCK] IN=wlan0 OUT= MAC=00:c0:ca:44:62:d1:00:24:c8:4b:46:e0:08:00 SRC=217.118.78.99 DST=192.168.1.6 LEN=48 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=113 ID=4407 PROTO=UDP SPT=2970 DPT=6881 LEN=28 [20328.801724] [UFW BLOCK] IN=wlan0 OUT= MAC=00:c0:ca:44:62:d1:00:24:c8:4b:46:e0:08:00 SRC=192.168.1.254 DST=192.168.1.6 LEN=56 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=255 ID=43196 PROTO=ICMP TYPE=3 CODE=0 [SRC=192.168.1.6 DST=91.189.88.33 LEN=52 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=63 ID=56901 DF PROTO=TCP INCOMPLETE [8 bytes] ] ... inxi -N Network: Card-1 Realtek RTL8101E/RTL8102E PCI Express Fast Ethernet controller driver r8169 Card-2 Realtek RTL-8139/8139C/8139C+ driver 8139too /usr/lib/linuxmint/mintWifi/mintWifi.py ------------------------- * I. scanning WIFI PCI devices... ------------------------- * II. querying ndiswrapper... ------------------------- * III. querying iwconfig... lo no wireless extensions. eth0 no wireless extensions. eth1 no wireless extensions. wlan0 IEEE 802.11bg ESSID:"Home" Mode:Managed Frequency:2.437 GHz Access Point: 00:24:C8:4B:46:E0 Bit Rate=54 Mb/s Tx-Power=20 dBm Retry long limit:7 RTS thr:off Fragment thr:off Power Management:off Link Quality=68/70 Signal level=-42 dBm Rx invalid nwid:0 Rx invalid crypt:0 Rx invalid frag:0 Tx excessive retries:0 Invalid misc:1132 Missed beacon:0 ------------------------- * IV. querying ifconfig... eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:1f:d0:c9:b8:8e UP BROADCAST MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B) Interrupt:43 Base address:0x4000 eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0e:2e:77:88:16 UP BROADCAST MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B) Interrupt:19 Base address:0xd000 lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:10696 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:10696 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:3823011 (3.8 MB) TX bytes:3823011 (3.8 MB) wlan0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:c0:ca:44:62:d1 inet addr:192.168.1.6 Bcast:255.255.255.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::2c0:caff:fe44:62d1/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:90424 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:65201 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:98024465 (98.0 MB) TX bytes:10345450 (10.3 MB) ------------------------- * V. querying DHCP... lspci 00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation 82G33/G31/P35/P31 Express DRAM Controller (rev 10) 00:01.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82G33/G31/P35/P31 Express PCI Express Root Port (rev 10) 00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation N10/ICH 7 Family High Definition Audio Controller (rev 01) 00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation N10/ICH 7 Family PCI Express Port 1 (rev 01) 00:1c.1 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation N10/ICH 7 Family PCI Express Port 2 (rev 01) 00:1d.0 USB Controller: Intel Corporation N10/ICH 7 Family USB UHCI Controller #1 (rev 01) 00:1d.1 USB Controller: Intel Corporation N10/ICH 7 Family USB UHCI Controller #2 (rev 01) 00:1d.2 USB Controller: Intel Corporation N10/ICH 7 Family USB UHCI Controller #3 (rev 01) 00:1d.3 USB Controller: Intel Corporation N10/ICH 7 Family USB UHCI Controller #4 (rev 01) 00:1d.7 USB Controller: Intel Corporation N10/ICH 7 Family USB2 EHCI Controller (rev 01) 00:1e.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801 PCI Bridge (rev e1) 00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation 82801GB/GR (ICH7 Family) LPC Interface Bridge (rev 01) 00:1f.2 IDE interface: Intel Corporation N10/ICH7 Family SATA IDE Controller (rev 01) 00:1f.3 SMBus: Intel Corporation N10/ICH 7 Family SMBus Controller (rev 01) 01:00.0 VGA compatible controller: nVidia Corporation G96 [GeForce 9400 GT] (rev a1) 03:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8101E/RTL8102E PCI Express Fast Ethernet controller (rev 02) 04:01.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL-8139/8139C/8139C+ (rev 10) lsmod Module Size Used by ipt_REJECT 12512 1 ipt_LOG 12784 5 xt_limit 12541 7 xt_tcpudp 12531 8 ipt_addrtype 12535 4 xt_state 12514 7 ip6table_filter 12711 1 ip6_tables 22545 1 ip6table_filter nf_nat_irc 12542 0 nf_conntrack_irc 13138 1 nf_nat_irc nf_nat_ftp 12548 0 nf_nat 24827 2 nf_nat_irc,nf_nat_ftp nf_conntrack_ipv4 19024 9 nf_nat nf_defrag_ipv4 12649 1 nf_conntrack_ipv4 nf_conntrack_ftp 13106 1 nf_nat_ftp nf_conntrack 69744 7 xt_state,nf_nat_irc,nf_conntrack_irc,nf_nat_ftp,nf_nat,nf_conntrack_ipv4,nf_conntrack_ftp iptable_filter 12706 1 ip_tables 18125 1 iptable_filter x_tables 21907 10 ipt_REJECT,ipt_LOG,xt_limit,xt_tcpudp,ipt_addrtype,xt_state,ip6table_filter,ip6_tables,iptable_filter,ip_tables nls_utf8 12493 10 udf 83795 1 crc_itu_t 12627 1 udf usb_storage 43946 1 uas 17676 0 snd_seq_dummy 12686 0 cryptd 19801 0 aes_i586 16956 1 aes_generic 38023 1 aes_i586 binfmt_misc 13213 1 dm_crypt 22463 0 vesafb 13449 1 nvidia 9766978 44 arc4 12473 2 rtl8187 56206 0 mac80211 257001 1 rtl8187 cfg80211 156212 2 rtl8187,mac80211 ppdev 12849 0 snd_hda_codec_realtek 255882 1 parport_pc 32111 1 psmouse 73312 0 eeprom_93cx6 12653 1 rtl8187 snd_hda_intel 24113 5 snd_hda_codec 90901 2 snd_hda_codec_realtek,snd_hda_intel snd_hwdep 13274 1 snd_hda_codec snd_pcm 80042 3 snd_hda_intel,snd_hda_codec snd_seq_midi 13132 0 snd_rawmidi 25269 1 snd_seq_midi snd_seq_midi_event 14475 1 snd_seq_midi snd_seq 51291 3 snd_seq_dummy,snd_seq_midi,snd_seq_midi_event snd_timer 28659 2 snd_pcm,snd_seq snd_seq_device 14110 4 snd_seq_dummy,snd_seq_midi,snd_rawmidi,snd_seq joydev 17322 0 snd 55295 18 snd_hda_codec_realtek,snd_hda_intel,snd_hda_codec,snd_hwdep,snd_pcm,snd_rawmidi,snd_seq,snd_timer,snd_seq_device serio_raw 12990 0 soundcore 12600 1 snd snd_page_alloc 14073 2 snd_hda_intel,snd_pcm lp 13349 0 parport 36746 3 ppdev,parport_pc,lp usbhid 41704 0 hid 77084 1 usbhid dm_raid45 88410 0 xor 21860 1 dm_raid45 btrfs 527388 0 zlib_deflate 26594 1 btrfs libcrc32c 12543 1 btrfs 8139too 23208 0 8139cp 22497 0 r8169 42534 0 floppy 60032 0

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• Issue 15: Oracle PartnerNetwork Exchange @ Oracle OpenWorld

  - by rituchhibber

       ORACLE FOCUS Oracle PartnerNetwork Exchange@ ORACLE OpenWorld Sylvie MichouSenior DirectorPartner Marketing & Communications and Strategic Programs RESOURCES -- Oracle OpenWorld 2012 Oracle PartnerNetwork Exchange @ OpenWorld Oracle PartnerNetwork Exchange @ OpenWorld Registration Oracle PartnerNetwork Exchange SpecializationTest Fest Oracle OpenWorld Schedule Builder Oracle OpenWorld Promotional Toolkit for Partners Oracle Partner Events Oracle Partner Webcasts Oracle EMEA Partner News SUBSCRIBE FEEDBACK PREVIOUS ISSUES If you are attending our forthcoming Oracle OpenWorld 2012 conference in San Francisco from 30 September to 4 October, you will discover a new dedicated programme of keynotes and sessions tailored especially for you, our valued partners. Oracle PartnerNetwork Exchange @ OpenWorld has been created to enhance the opportunities for you to learn from and network with Oracle executives and experts. The programme also provides more informal opportunities than ever throughout the week to meet up with the people who are most important to your business: customers, prospects, colleagues and the Oracle EMEA Alliances & Channels management team. Oracle remains fully focused on building the industry's most admired partner ecosystem—which today spans over 25,000 partners. This new OPN Exchange programme offers an exciting change of pace for partners throughout the conference. Now it will be possible to enjoy a fully-integrated, partner-dedicated session schedule throughout the week, as well as key social events such as the Sunday night Welcome Reception, networking lunches from Monday to Thursday at the Howard Street Tent, and a fantastic closing event on the last Thursday afternoon. In addition to the regular Oracle OpenWorld conference schedule, if you have registered for the Oracle PartnerNetwork Exchange @ OpenWorld programme, you will be invited to attend a much anticipated global partner keynote presentation, plus more than 40 conference sessions aimed squarely at what's most important to you, as partners. Prominent topics for discussion will include: Oracle technologies and roadmaps and how they fit with partners' business plans; business development; regional distinctions in business practices; and much more. Each session will provide plenty of food for thought ahead of the numerous networking opportunities throughout the week, encouraging the knowledge exchange with Oracle executives, customers, prospects, and colleagues that will make this conference of even greater value for you. At Oracle we always work closely with our partners to deliver solution offerings that improve business value, simplify the IT experience and drive innovation and efficiencies for joint customers. The most important element of our new OPN Exchange is content that helps you get more from technology investments, more from your peer-to-peer connections, and more from your interactions with customers. To this end we've created some partner-specific tools which can be used by OPN members ahead of the conference itself. Crucially, a comprehensive Content Catalog already lists and organises details of every OPN Exchange session, speaker, exhibitor, demonstration and related materials. This Content Catalog can be used by all our partners to identify interesting content that you can add to your own personalised Oracle OpenWorld Schedule Builder, allowing more effective planning and pre-enrolment for vital sessions. There are numerous highlights that you will definitely want to include in those personal schedules. On Sunday morning, 30 September we will start the week with partner dedicated OPN Exchange sessions, following our Global Partner Keynote at 13:00 with Judson Althoff, SVP, Worldwide Alliances & Channels and Embedded Sales and senior executives, giving insight into Oracle's partner vision, strategy, and resources—all designed to help build and strengthen market opportunities for you. This will be followed by a number of OPN Exchange general sessions, the Oracle OpenWorld Opening Keynote with Larry Ellison, CEO, Oracle and concluded with the OPN Exchange AfterDark Welcome Reception, starting at 19:30 at the Metreon. From Monday 1 to Thursday 4 October, you can attend the OPN Exchange sessions that are most relevant to your business today and over the coming year. Oracle's top product and sales leaders will be on hand to discuss Oracle's strategic direction in 40+ targeted and in-depth sessions focussing on critical success factors to develop your business. Oracle's dedication to innovation, specialization, enablement and engineering provides Oracle partners with a huge opportunity to create new services and solutions, differentiate themselves and deliver extreme value to joint customers across the globe. Oracle will even be helping over 1000 partners to earn OPN Specialization certification during the Oracle OpenWorld OPN Exchange Test Fest, which will be providing all the study materials and exams required to drive Specialization for free at the conference. You simply need to check the list of current certification tracks available, and make sure you pre-register to reserve a seat in one of the ten sessions being offered free to OPN Exchange registered attendees. And finally, let's not forget those all-important networking opportunities, which can so often provide partners with valuable long-term alliances as well as exciting new business leads. The Oracle PartnerNetwork Lounge, located at Moscone South, exhibition hall, room 100 is the place where partners can meet formally or informally with colleagues, customers, prospects, and other industry professionals. OPN Specialized partners with OPN Exchange passes can also visit the OPN Video Blogging room to record and share ideas, and at the OPN Information Station you will find consultants available to answer your questions. "For the first time ever we will have a full partner conference within OpenWorld. OPN Exchange @ OpenWorld will kick-off on the first Sunday and run the entire week. We'll have over 40 sessions throughout that time and partners will hear from our top development executives, with special sessions dedicated to partnering throughout. It's going to be a phenomenal event, and we look forward to seeing our partners there." Judson Althoff, SVP, Oracle Worldwide Alliances & Channels and Embedded Sales So if you haven't done so already, please register for Oracle PartnerNetwork Exchange @ OpenWorld today or add OPN Exchange to your existing registration for just $100 through My Account. And if you have any further questions regarding partner activities at Oracle OpenWorld, please don't hesitate to contact the Oracle PartnerNetwork team at [email protected] will be on hand to share the very latest information about: Oracle's SPARC Superclusters: the latest Engineered Systems from Oracle, delivering radically improved performance, faster deployment and greatly reduced operational costs for mixed database and enterprise application consolidation Oracle's SPARC T4 servers: with the newly developed T4 processor and Oracle Solaris providing up to five times the single threaded performance and better overall system throughput for expanded application versatility Oracle Database Appliance: a new way to take advantage of the world's most popular database, Oracle Database 11g, in a single, easy-to-deploy and manage system. It's a complete package engineered to deliver simple, reliable and affordable database services to small and medium size businesses and departmental systems. All hardware and software components are supported together and offer customers unique pay-as-you-grow software licensing to quickly scale from two to 24 processor cores without incurring the costs and downtime usually associated with hardware upgrades Oracle Exalogic: the world's only integrated cloud machine, featuring server hardware and middleware software engineered together for maximum performance with minimum set-up and operational cost Oracle Exadata Database Machine: the only database machine that provides extreme performance for both data warehousing and online transaction processing (OLTP) applications, making it the ideal platform for consolidating onto grids or private clouds. It is a complete package of servers, storage, networking and software that is massively scalable, secure and redundant Oracle Sun ZFS Storage Appliances: providing enterprise-class NAS performance, price-performance, manageability and TCO by combining third-generation software with high-performance controllers, flash-based caches and disks Oracle Pillar Axiom Quality-of-Service: confidently consolidate storage for multiple applications into a single datacentre storage solution Oracle Solaris 11: delivering secure enterprise cloud deployments with the ability to run hundreds of virtual application with no overhead and co-engineered with other Oracle software products to provide the highest levels of security, manageability and performance Oracle Enterprise Manager 12c: Oracle's integrated enterprise IT management product, providing the industry's only complete, integrated and business-driven enterprise cloud management solution Oracle VM 3.0: the latest release of Oracle's server virtualisation and management solution, helping to move datacentres beyond server consolidation to improve application deployment and management. Register today and ensure your place at the Extreme Performance Tour! Extreme Performance Tour events are free to attend, but places are limited. To make sure that you don't miss out, please visit Oracle's Extreme Performance Tour website, select the city that you'd be interest in attending an event in, and then click on the 'Register Now' button for that city to secure your interest. Each individual city page also contains more in-depth information about your local event, including logistics, agenda and maybe even a preview of VIP guest speakers. -- Oracle OpenWorld 2010 Whether you attended Oracle OpenWorld 2009 or not, don't forget to save the date now for Oracle OpenWorld 2010. The event will be held a little earlier next year, from 19th-23rd September, so please don't miss out. With thousands of sessions and hundreds of exhibits and demos already lined up, there's no better place to learn how to optimise your existing systems, get an inside line on upcoming technology breakthroughs, and meet with your partner peers, Oracle strategists and even the developers responsible for the products and services that help you get better results for your end customers. Register Now for Oracle OpenWorld 2010! Perhaps you are interested in learning more about Oracle OpenWorld 2010, but don't wish to register at this time? Great! Please just enter your contact information here and we will contact you at a later date. How to Exhibit at Oracle OpenWorld 2010 Sponsorship Opportunities at Oracle OpenWorld 2010 Advertising Opportunities at Oracle OpenWorld 2010 -- Back to the welcome page

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• Node.js Adventure - Node.js on Windows

  - by Shaun

  Two weeks ago I had had a talk with Wang Tao, a C# MVP in China who is currently running his startup company and product named worktile. He asked me to figure out a synchronization solution which helps his product in the future. And he preferred me implementing the service in Node.js, since his worktile is written in Node.js. Even though I have some experience in ASP.NET MVC, HTML, CSS and JavaScript, I don’t think I’m an expert of JavaScript. In fact I’m very new to it. So it scared me a bit when he asked me to use Node.js. But after about one week investigate I have to say Node.js is very easy to learn, use and deploy, even if you have very limited JavaScript skill. And I think I became love Node.js. Hence I decided to have a series named “Node.js Adventure”, where I will demonstrate my story of learning and using Node.js in Windows and Windows Azure. And this is the first one.   (Brief) Introduction of Node.js I don’t want to have a fully detailed introduction of Node.js. There are many resource on the internet we can find. But the best one is its homepage. Node.js was created by Ryan Dahl, sponsored by Joyent. It’s consist of about 80% C/C++ for core and 20% JavaScript for API. It utilizes CommonJS as the module system which we will explain later. The official definition of Node.js is Node.js is a platform built on Chrome's JavaScript runtime for easily building fast, scalable network applications. Node.js uses an event-driven, non-blocking I/O model that makes it lightweight and efficient, perfect for data-intensive real-time applications that run across distributed devices. First of all, Node.js utilizes JavaScript as its development language and runs on top of V8 engine, which is being used by Chrome. It brings JavaScript, a client-side language into the backend service world. So many people said, even though not that actually, “Node.js is a server side JavaScript”. Additionally, Node.js uses an event-driven, non-blocking IO model. This means in Node.js there’s no way to block currently working thread. Every operation in Node.js executed asynchronously. This is a huge benefit especially if our code needs IO operations such as reading disks, connect to database, consuming web service, etc.. Unlike IIS or Apache, Node.js doesn’t utilize the multi-thread model. In Node.js there’s only one working thread serves all users requests and resources response, as the ST star in the figure below. And there is a POSIX async threads pool in Node.js which contains many async threads (AT stars) for IO operations. When a user have an IO request, the ST serves it but it will not do the IO operation. Instead the ST will go to the POSIX async threads pool to pick up an AT, pass this operation to it, and then back to serve any other requests. The AT will actually do the IO operation asynchronously. Assuming before the AT complete the IO operation there is another user comes. The ST will serve this new user request, pick up another AT from the POSIX and then back. If the previous AT finished the IO operation it will take the result back and wait for the ST to serve. ST will take the response and return the AT to POSIX, and then response to the user. And if the second AT finished its job, the ST will response back to the second user in the same way. As you can see, in Node.js there’s only one thread serve clients’ requests and POSIX results. This thread looping between the users and POSIX and pass the data back and forth. The async jobs will be handled by POSIX. This is the event-driven non-blocking IO model. The performance of is model is much better than the multi-threaded blocking model. For example, Apache is built in multi-threaded blocking model while Nginx is in event-driven non-blocking mode. Below is the performance comparison between them. And below is the memory usage comparison between them. These charts are captured from the video NodeJS Basics: An Introductory Training, which presented at Cloud Foundry Developer Advocate.   Node.js on Windows To execute Node.js application on windows is very simple. First of you we need to download the latest Node.js platform from its website. After installed, it will register its folder into system path variant so that we can execute Node.js at anywhere. To confirm the Node.js installation, just open up a command windows and type “node”, then it will show the Node.js console. As you can see this is a JavaScript interactive console. We can type some simple JavaScript code and command here. To run a Node.js JavaScript application, just specify the source code file name as the argument of the “node” command. For example, let’s create a Node.js source code file named “helloworld.js”. Then copy a sample code from Node.js website. 1: var http = require("http"); 2:  3: http.createServer(function (req, res) { 4: res.writeHead(200, {"Content-Type": "text/plain"}); 5: res.end("Hello World\n"); 6: }).listen(1337, "127.0.0.1"); 7:  8: console.log("Server running at http://127.0.0.1:1337/"); This code will create a web server, listening on 1337 port and return “Hello World” when any requests come. Run it in the command windows. Then open a browser and navigate to http://localhost:1337/. As you can see, when using Node.js we are not creating a web application. In fact we are likely creating a web server. We need to deal with request, response and the related headers, status code, etc.. And this is one of the benefit of using Node.js, lightweight and straightforward. But creating a website from scratch again and again is not acceptable. The good news is that, Node.js utilizes CommonJS as its module system, so that we can leverage some modules to simplify our job. And furthermore, there are about ten thousand of modules available n the internet, which covers almost all areas in server side application development.   NPM and Node.js Modules Node.js utilizes CommonJS as its module system. A module is a set of JavaScript files. In Node.js if we have an entry file named “index.js”, then all modules it needs will be located at the “node_modules” folder. And in the “index.js” we can import modules by specifying the module name. For example, in the code we’ve just created, we imported a module named “http”, which is a build-in module installed alone with Node.js. So that we can use the code in this “http” module. Besides the build-in modules there are many modules available at the NPM website. Thousands of developers are contributing and downloading modules at this website. Hence this is another benefit of using Node.js. There are many modules we can use, and the numbers of modules increased very fast, and also we can publish our modules to the community. When I wrote this post, there are totally 14,608 modules at NPN and about 10 thousand downloads per day. Install a module is very simple. Let’s back to our command windows and input the command “npm install express”. This command will install a module named “express”, which is a MVC framework on top of Node.js. And let’s create another JavaScript file named “helloweb.js” and copy the code below in it. I imported the “express” module. And then when the user browse the home page it will response a text. If the incoming URL matches “/Echo/:value” which the “value” is what the user specified, it will pass it back with the current date time in JSON format. And finally my website was listening at 12345 port. 1: var express = require("express"); 2: var app = express(); 3:  4: app.get("/", function(req, res) { 5: res.send("Hello Node.js and Express."); 6: }); 7:  8: app.get("/Echo/:value", function(req, res) { 9: var value = req.params.value; 10: res.json({ 11: "Value" : value, 12: "Time" : new Date() 13: }); 14: }); 15:  16: console.log("Web application opened."); 17: app.listen(12345); For more information and API about the “express”, please have a look here. Start our application from the command window by command “node helloweb.js”, and then navigate to the home page we can see the response in the browser. And if we go to, for example http://localhost:12345/Echo/Hello Shaun, we can see the JSON result. The “express” module is very populate in NPM. It makes the job simple when we need to build a MVC website. There are many modules very useful in NPM. - underscore: A utility module covers many common functionalities such as for each, map, reduce, select, etc.. - request: A very simple HTT request client. - async: Library for coordinate async operations. - wind: Library which enable us to control flow with plain JavaScript for asynchronous programming (and more) without additional pre-compiling steps.   Node.js and IIS I demonstrated how to run the Node.js application from console. Since we are in Windows another common requirement would be, “can I host Node.js in IIS?” The answer is “Yes”. Tomasz Janczuk created a project IISNode at his GitHub space we can find here. And Scott Hanselman had published a blog post introduced about it.   Summary In this post I provided a very brief introduction of Node.js, includes it official definition, architecture and how it implement the event-driven non-blocking model. And then I described how to install and run a Node.js application on windows console. I also described the Node.js module system and NPM command. At the end I referred some links about IISNode, an IIS extension that allows Node.js application runs on IIS. Node.js became a very popular server side application platform especially in this year. By leveraging its non-blocking IO model and async feature it’s very useful for us to build a highly scalable, asynchronously service. I think Node.js will be used widely in the cloud application development in the near future.   In the next post I will explain how to use SQL Server from Node.js.   Hope this helps, Shaun All documents and related graphics, codes are provided "AS IS" without warranty of any kind. Copyright © Shaun Ziyan Xu. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons License.

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• Recover Data Like a Forensics Expert Using an Ubuntu Live CD

  - by Trevor Bekolay

  There are lots of utilities to recover deleted files, but what if you can’t boot up your computer, or the whole drive has been formatted? We’ll show you some tools that will dig deep and recover the most elusive deleted files, or even whole hard drive partitions. We’ve shown you simple ways to recover accidentally deleted files, even a simple method that can be done from an Ubuntu Live CD, but for hard disks that have been heavily corrupted, those methods aren’t going to cut it. In this article, we’ll examine four tools that can recover data from the most messed up hard drives, regardless of whether they were formatted for a Windows, Linux, or Mac computer, or even if the partition table is wiped out entirely. Note: These tools cannot recover data that has been overwritten on a hard disk. Whether a deleted file has been overwritten depends on many factors – the quicker you realize that you want to recover a file, the more likely you will be able to do so. Our setup To show these tools, we’ve set up a small 1 GB hard drive, with half of the space partitioned as ext2, a file system used in Linux, and half the space partitioned as FAT32, a file system used in older Windows systems. We stored ten random pictures on each hard drive. We then wiped the partition table from the hard drive by deleting the partitions in GParted. Is our data lost forever? Installing the tools All of the tools we’re going to use are in Ubuntu’s universe repository. To enable the repository, open Synaptic Package Manager by clicking on System in the top-left, then Administration > Synaptic Package Manager. Click on Settings > Repositories and add a check in the box labelled “Community-maintained Open Source software (universe)”. Click Close, and then in the main Synaptic Package Manager window, click the Reload button. Once the package list has reloaded, and the search index rebuilt, search for and mark for installation one or all of the following packages: testdisk, foremost, and scalpel. Testdisk includes TestDisk, which can recover lost partitions and repair boot sectors, and PhotoRec, which can recover many different types of files from tons of different file systems. Foremost, originally developed by the US Air Force Office of Special Investigations, recovers files based on their headers and other internal structures. Foremost operates on hard drives or drive image files generated by various tools. Finally, scalpel performs the same functions as foremost, but is focused on enhanced performance and lower memory usage. Scalpel may run better if you have an older machine with less RAM. Recover hard drive partitions If you can’t mount your hard drive, then its partition table might be corrupted. Before you start trying to recover your important files, it may be possible to recover one or more partitions on your drive, recovering all of your files with one step. Testdisk is the tool for the job. Start it by opening a terminal (Applications > Accessories > Terminal) and typing in: sudo testdisk If you’d like, you can create a log file, though it won’t affect how much data you recover. Once you make your choice, you’re greeted with a list of the storage media on your machine. You should be able to identify the hard drive you want to recover partitions from by its size and label. TestDisk asks you select the type of partition table to search for. In most cases (ext2/3, NTFS, FAT32, etc.) you should select Intel and press Enter. Highlight Analyse and press enter. In our case, our small hard drive has previously been formatted as NTFS. Amazingly, TestDisk finds this partition, though it is unable to recover it. It also finds the two partitions we just deleted. We are able to change their attributes, or add more partitions, but we’ll just recover them by pressing Enter. If TestDisk hasn’t found all of your partitions, you can try doing a deeper search by selecting that option with the left and right arrow keys. We only had these two partitions, so we’ll recover them by selecting Write and pressing Enter. Testdisk informs us that we will have to reboot. Note: If your Ubuntu Live CD is not persistent, then when you reboot you will have to reinstall any tools that you installed earlier. After restarting, both of our partitions are back to their original states, pictures and all. Recover files of certain types For the following examples, we deleted the 10 pictures from both partitions and then reformatted them. PhotoRec Of the three tools we’ll show, PhotoRec is the most user-friendly, despite being a console-based utility. To start recovering files, open a terminal (Applications > Accessories > Terminal) and type in: sudo photorec To begin, you are asked to select a storage device to search. You should be able to identify the right device by its size and label. Select the right device, and then hit Enter. PhotoRec asks you select the type of partition to search. In most cases (ext2/3, NTFS, FAT, etc.) you should select Intel and press Enter. You are given a list of the partitions on your selected hard drive. If you want to recover all of the files on a partition, then select Search and hit enter. However, this process can be very slow, and in our case we only want to search for pictures files, so instead we use the right arrow key to select File Opt and press Enter. PhotoRec can recover many different types of files, and deselecting each one would take a long time. Instead, we press “s” to clear all of the selections, and then find the appropriate file types – jpg, gif, and png – and select them by pressing the right arrow key. Once we’ve selected these three, we press “b” to save these selections. Press enter to return to the list of hard drive partitions. We want to search both of our partitions, so we highlight “No partition” and “Search” and then press Enter. PhotoRec prompts for a location to store the recovered files. If you have a different healthy hard drive, then we recommend storing the recovered files there. Since we’re not recovering very much, we’ll store it on the Ubuntu Live CD’s desktop. Note: Do not recover files to the hard drive you’re recovering from. PhotoRec is able to recover the 20 pictures from the partitions on our hard drive! A quick look in the recup_dir.1 directory that it creates confirms that PhotoRec has recovered all of our pictures, save for the file names. Foremost Foremost is a command-line program with no interactive interface like PhotoRec, but offers a number of command-line options to get as much data out of your had drive as possible. For a full list of options that can be tweaked via the command line, open up a terminal (Applications > Accessories > Terminal) and type in: foremost –h In our case, the command line options that we are going to use are: -t, a comma-separated list of types of files to search for. In our case, this is “jpeg,png,gif”. -v, enabling verbose-mode, giving us more information about what foremost is doing. -o, the output folder to store recovered files in. In our case, we created a directory called “foremost” on the desktop. -i, the input that will be searched for files. This can be a disk image in several different formats; however, we will use a hard disk, /dev/sda. Our foremost invocation is: sudo foremost –t jpeg,png,gif –o foremost –v –i /dev/sda Your invocation will differ depending on what you’re searching for and where you’re searching for it. Foremost is able to recover 17 of the 20 files stored on the hard drive. Looking at the files, we can confirm that these files were recovered relatively well, though we can see some errors in the thumbnail for 00622449.jpg. Part of this may be due to the ext2 filesystem. Foremost recommends using the –d command-line option for Linux file systems like ext2. We’ll run foremost again, adding the –d command-line option to our foremost invocation: sudo foremost –t jpeg,png,gif –d –o foremost –v –i /dev/sda This time, foremost is able to recover all 20 images! A final look at the pictures reveals that the pictures were recovered with no problems. Scalpel Scalpel is another powerful program that, like Foremost, is heavily configurable. Unlike Foremost, Scalpel requires you to edit a configuration file before attempting any data recovery. Any text editor will do, but we’ll use gedit to change the configuration file. In a terminal window (Applications > Accessories > Terminal), type in: sudo gedit /etc/scalpel/scalpel.conf scalpel.conf contains information about a number of different file types. Scroll through this file and uncomment lines that start with a file type that you want to recover (i.e. remove the “#” character at the start of those lines). Save the file and close it. Return to the terminal window. Scalpel also has a ton of command-line options that can help you search quickly and effectively; however, we’ll just define the input device (/dev/sda) and the output folder (a folder called “scalpel” that we created on the desktop). Our invocation is: sudo scalpel /dev/sda –o scalpel Scalpel is able to recover 18 of our 20 files. A quick look at the files scalpel recovered reveals that most of our files were recovered successfully, though there were some problems (e.g. 00000012.jpg). Conclusion In our quick toy example, TestDisk was able to recover two deleted partitions, and PhotoRec and Foremost were able to recover all 20 deleted images. Scalpel recovered most of the files, but it’s very likely that playing with the command-line options for scalpel would have enabled us to recover all 20 images. These tools are lifesavers when something goes wrong with your hard drive. If your data is on the hard drive somewhere, then one of these tools will track it down! Similar Articles Productive Geek Tips Recover Deleted Files on an NTFS Hard Drive from a Ubuntu Live CDUse an Ubuntu Live CD to Securely Wipe Your PC’s Hard DriveReset Your Ubuntu Password Easily from the Live CDBackup Your Windows Live Writer SettingsAdding extra Repositories on Ubuntu TouchFreeze Alternative in AutoHotkey The Icy Undertow Desktop Windows Home Server – Backup to LAN The Clear & Clean Desktop Use This Bookmarklet to Easily Get Albums Use AutoHotkey to Assign a Hotkey to a Specific Window Latest Software Reviews Tinyhacker Random Tips DVDFab 6 Revo Uninstaller Pro Registry Mechanic 9 for Windows PC Tools Internet Security Suite 2010 Awe inspiring, inter-galactic theme (Win 7) Case Study – How to Optimize Popular Wordpress Sites Restore Hidden Updates in Windows 7 & Vista Iceland an Insurance Job? Find Downloads and Add-ins for Outlook Recycle !

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• Begin the Clone Wars Have!

  - by Antony Reynolds

  Creating a New Virtual Machine from an Existing Virtual Disk In previous posts I described how I set up an OEL6 machine under VirtualBox that can run an 11gR2 database and FMW 11.1.1.5.  That is great if you want the DB and FMW running in the same virtual image and it has served me well for some proof of concepts and also for some testing of different JVMs.  However I also wanted to run some testing of FMW with the database running on a separate physical machine.  So in this post I will show how to take a VirtualBox image and create a new image based on the disks from that original image. What are my Options? There is more than one way to skin a cat, or in this case to create two separate VMs that can run on different hardware.  Some of the options include: Create new virtual disk images for each new VM. Clone the existing disk images and point the new VM at the cloned images. Point the new VM at the existing snapshots. #1 is too much like hard work, install OEL twice, install a database again, install FMW again, run RCU again!  Life is too short! #2 is probably the safest way of doing things.  VirtualBox allows you to clone a disk image for use in a separate machine.  However this of course duplicates the disk and means that it is now occupying 3 times the space, once for the original disk and twice more for the two clones I would need. #3 is the most space efficient way of doing things.  It does mean however that I can only run the new “cloned” images if I have access to the original image because that is where the base snapshots reside.  However this is not a problem for me as long as I remember to keep all threee images together.  So this is the approach we will follow. Snapshot, What Snapshot? As we are going to create new virtual machines based on existing snapshots we need to figure out which snapshot to use.  We do this by opening the “Media Manager” from within VirtualBox and moving the mouse over the snapshot images until we find the snapshots we want – the snapshot name is identified in the “Attached to:” comment.  In my case I wanted the FMW installed snapshot because that had a database configured for FMW alongside the FMW software.  I made a note of the filename of that snapshot (actually I just noted the first 5 characters as that was all that was needed to uniquely identify the snapshot file). When we create the new machines we will point them at the snapshot filename we have just checked. Network or NotWork? Because we want the two new machines to communicate with each other when hosted in different physical machines we can’t use the default NAT networking mode without a lot of hassle.  But at the same time we need them to have fixed IP addresses relative to each other so that they can see each other whilst also being able to see the outside world. To achieve all these requirements I created two network adapters for each machine.  Adapter 1 was a standard NAT mapping.  This will allow each machine to get a dynamic IP address (10.0.2.15 by default) that can be used to access the external world through the VBox provided NAT gateway.  This is the same as the existing configuration. The second adapter I created as a bridged adapter.  This gives the virtual machine direct access to the host network card and by using fixed IP addresses each machine can see the other.  It is important to choose fixed IP addresses that are not routable across your internal network so you don’t get any clashes with other machines on your network.  Of course you could always get proper fixed IP addresses from your network people, but I have serveral people using my images and as long as I don’t have two instances of the same VM on the same network segment this is easier and avoids reconfiguring the network every time someone wants a copy of my VM.  If it is available I would suggest using the 10.0.3.* network as 10.0.2.* is the default NAT network.  You can check availability by pinging 10.0.3.1 and 10.0.3.2 from your host machine.  If it times out then you are probably safe to use that. Creating the New VMs Now that I had collected the data that I needed I went ahead and created the new VMs. When asked for a “Boot Hard Disk” I used the “Choose a virtual hard disk file…” link to find the snapshot I had previously selected and set that to be the existing hard disk.  I chose the previously existing SOA 11.1.1.5 install for both the new DB and FMW machines because that snapshot had the database with the RCU completed that I wanted for my DB machine and it had the SOA software installed which I wanted for my FMW machine. After the initial creation of the virtual machine go into the network setting section and enable a second adapter which will be bridged.  Make a note of the MAC addresses (the last four digits should be sufficient) of the two adapters so that you can later set the bridged adapter to use fixed IP and the NAT adapter to use DHCP. We are now ready to start the VMs and reconfigure Linux. Reconfiguring Linux Because I now have two new machines I need to change their network configuration.  In particular I need to change the hostname, update the hosts file and change the network settings. Changing the Hostname I renamed both hosts by running the hostname command as root: hostname vboxfmw.oracle.com I also edited the /etc/sysconfig file and set the correct hostname in there. HOSTNAME=vboxfmw.oracle.com Changing the Network Settings I needed to change the network configuration to give the bridged network a fixed IP address.  I first explicitly set the MAC addresses of the two adapters, because the order of the virtual adapters in the VirtualBox Manager is not necessarily the same as the order of the adapters in the guest OS.  So I went in to the System->Preferences->Network Connections screen and explicitly set the “Device MAC address” for the two adapters. Having correctly mapped the Linux adapters to the VirtualBox adapters I then set the Bridged adapter to use fixed IP addressing rather than DHCP.  There is no need for additional routing or default gateways because we expect the two machine to be on the same LAN segment. Updating the Hosts File Having renamed the machines and reconfigured the network I then updated the /etc/hosts file to refer to the new machine name add a new line to the hosts file to provide an additional IP address for my server (the new fixed IP address) add a new line for the fixed IP address of the other virtual machine 10.0.3.101      vboxdb.oracle.com       vboxdb  # Added by NetworkManager 10.0.2.15       vboxdb.oracle.com       vboxdb  # Added by NetworkManager 10.0.3.102      vboxfmw.oracle.com      vboxfmw # Added by NetworkManager 127.0.0.1       localhost.localdomain   localhost ::1     vboxdb.oracle.com       vboxdb  localhost6.localdomain6 localhost6 To make sure everything takes effect I restarted the server. Reconfiguring the Database on the DB Machine Because we changed the hostname the listener and the EM console no longer start so I need to modify the listener.ora to use the new hostname and I also need to rebuild the EM configuration because it also relies on the hostname. I edited the $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/listener.ora and changed the listening address to the new hostname:       (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = vboxdb.oracle.com)(PORT = 1521)) After changing the listener.ora I was able to start the listener using: lsnrctl start I also had to reconfigure the EM database control.  I first deconfigured it using the command: emca -deconfig dbcontrol db -repos drop This drops the repository and removes any existing registered dbcontrols. I then re-configured it using the following command: emca -config dbcontrol db -repos create This creates the EM repository and then configures and starts dbcontrol. Now my database machine is ready so I can close it down and take a snapshot. Disabling the Database on the FMW Machine I set up the database to start automatically by creating a service called “dbora”.  On the FMW machine I do not need the database running so I can prevent it auto-starting by running the following command: chkconfig –del dbora Note that because I am using a snapshot it is not a waste of disk space to have the DB installed but not used.  As long as I don’t run it, it won’t cost me anything. I can now close the FMW machine down and take a snapshot. Creating a New Domain The FMW machine is now ready to create a new domain.  When creating the domain I can point it at the second machine which is running the database.  I can potentially run these machines on two separate physical machines as long as I have the original virtual machine available to both of the physical machines. Gotchas in Snapshotting VirtualBox does not support the concept of linked machines in a network like some virtualization technologies so when creating a snapshot it is a good idea to shut both VMs down and then take a snapshot on both of them.  This is because we want to keep the database in sync with the middleware.  One way to make sure that this happens would be to place all the domain configuration files on the database server via an NFS share, this would mean that all we would need to snapshot would be the database machine because that would hold all the state and configuration. The Sky’s the Limit We have covered a simple case of having just two machines.  I have a more complicated configuration in which two machine run a RAC database off the same base OS image, and two more machines run a SOA cluster based on the same OS image.  Just remember what machine holds state and what are the consequences of taking a snapshot.

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• What's up with LDoms: Part 1 - Introduction & Basic Concepts

  - by Stefan Hinker

  LDoms - the correct name is Oracle VM Server for SPARC - have been around for quite a while now.  But to my surprise, I get more and more requests to explain how they work or to give advise on how to make good use of them.  This made me think that writing up a few articles discussing the different features would be a good idea.  Now - I don't intend to rewrite the LDoms Admin Guide or to copy and reformat the (hopefully) well known "Beginners Guide to LDoms" by Tony Shoumack from 2007.  Those documents are very recommendable - especially the Beginners Guide, although based on LDoms 1.0, is still a good place to begin with.  However, LDoms have come a long way since then, and I hope to contribute to their adoption by discussing how they work and what features there are today.  In this and the following posts, I will use the term "LDoms" as a common abbreviation for Oracle VM Server for SPARC, just because it's a lot shorter and easier to type (and presumably, read). So, just to get everyone on the same baseline, lets briefly discuss the basic concepts of virtualization with LDoms.  LDoms make use of a hypervisor as a layer of abstraction between real, physical hardware and virtual hardware.  This virtual hardware is then used to create a number of guest systems which each behave very similar to a system running on bare metal:  Each has its own OBP, each will install its own copy of the Solaris OS and each will see a certain amount of CPU, memory, disk and network resources available to it.  Unlike some other type 1 hypervisors running on x86 hardware, the SPARC hypervisor is embedded in the system firmware and makes use both of supporting functions in the sun4v SPARC instruction set as well as the overall CPU architecture to fulfill its function. The CMT architecture of the supporting CPUs (T1 through T4) provide a large number of cores and threads to the OS.  For example, the current T4 CPU has eight cores, each running 8 threads, for a total of 64 threads per socket.  To the OS, this looks like 64 CPUs.  The SPARC hypervisor, when creating guest systems, simply assigns a certain number of these threads exclusively to one guest, thus avoiding the overhead of having to schedule OS threads to CPUs, as do typical x86 hypervisors.  The hypervisor only assigns CPUs and then steps aside.  It is not involved in the actual work being dispatched from the OS to the CPU, all it does is maintain isolation between different guests. Likewise, memory is assigned exclusively to individual guests.  Here,  the hypervisor provides generic mappings between the physical hardware addresses and the guest's views on memory.  Again, the hypervisor is not involved in the actual memory access, it only maintains isolation between guests. During the inital setup of a system with LDoms, you start with one special domain, called the Control Domain.  Initially, this domain owns all the hardware available in the system, including all CPUs, all RAM and all IO resources.  If you'd be running the system un-virtualized, this would be what you'd be working with.  To allow for guests, you first resize this initial domain (also called a primary domain in LDoms speak), assigning it a small amount of CPU and memory.  This frees up most of the available CPU and memory resources for guest domains.  IO is a little more complex, but very straightforward.  When LDoms 1.0 first came out, the only way to provide IO to guest systems was to create virtual disk and network services and attach guests to these services.  In the meantime, several different ways to connect guest domains to IO have been developed, the most recent one being SR-IOV support for network devices released in version 2.2 of Oracle VM Server for SPARC. I will cover these more advanced features in detail later.  For now, lets have a short look at the initial way IO was virtualized in LDoms: For virtualized IO, you create two services, one "Virtual Disk Service" or vds, and one "Virtual Switch" or vswitch.  You can, of course, also create more of these, but that's more advanced than I want to cover in this introduction.  These IO services now connect real, physical IO resources like a disk LUN or a networt port to the virtual devices that are assigned to guest domains.  For disk IO, the normal case would be to connect a physical LUN (or some other storage option that I'll discuss later) to one specific guest.  That guest would be assigned a virtual disk, which would appear to be just like a real LUN to the guest, while the IO is actually routed through the virtual disk service down to the physical device.  For network, the vswitch acts very much like a real, physical ethernet switch - you connect one physical port to it for outside connectivity and define one or more connections per guest, just like you would plug cables between a real switch and a real system. For completeness, there is another service that provides console access to guest domains which mimics the behavior of serial terminal servers. The connections between the virtual devices on the guest's side and the virtual IO services in the primary domain are created by the hypervisor.  It uses so called "Logical Domain Channels" or LDCs to create point-to-point connections between all of these devices and services.  These LDCs work very similar to high speed serial connections and are configured automatically whenever the Control Domain adds or removes virtual IO. To see all this in action, now lets look at a first example.  I will start with a newly installed machine and configure the control domain so that it's ready to create guest systems. In a first step, after we've installed the software, let's start the virtual console service and downsize the primary domain.  root@sun # ldm list NAME STATE FLAGS CONS VCPU MEMORY UTIL UPTIME primary active -n-c-- UART 512 261632M 0.3% 2d 13h 58m root@sun # ldm add-vconscon port-range=5000-5100 \ primary-console primary root@sun # svcadm enable vntsd root@sun # svcs vntsd STATE STIME FMRI online 9:53:21 svc:/ldoms/vntsd:default root@sun # ldm set-vcpu 16 primary root@sun # ldm set-mau 1 primary root@sun # ldm start-reconf primary root@sun # ldm set-memory 7680m primary root@sun # ldm add-config initial root@sun # shutdown -y -g0 -i6 So what have I done: I've defined a range of ports (5000-5100) for the virtual network terminal service and then started that service.  The vnts will later provide console connections to guest systems, very much like serial NTS's do in the physical world. Next, I assigned 16 vCPUs (on this platform, a T3-4, that's two cores) to the primary domain, freeing the rest up for future guest systems.  I also assigned one MAU to this domain.  A MAU is a crypto unit in the T3 CPU.  These need to be explicitly assigned to domains, just like CPU or memory.  (This is no longer the case with T4 systems, where crypto is always available everywhere.) Before I reassigned the memory, I started what's called a "delayed reconfiguration" session.  That avoids actually doing the change right away, which would take a considerable amount of time in this case.  Instead, I'll need to reboot once I'm all done.  I've assigned 7680MB of RAM to the primary.  That's 8GB less the 512MB which the hypervisor uses for it's own private purposes.  You can, depending on your needs, work with less.  I'll spend a dedicated article on sizing, discussing the pros and cons in detail. Finally, just before the reboot, I saved my work on the ILOM, to make this configuration available after a powercycle of the box.  (It'll always be available after a simple reboot, but the ILOM needs to know the configuration of the hypervisor after a power-cycle, before the primary domain is booted.) Now, lets create a first disk service and a first virtual switch which is connected to the physical network device igb2. We will later use these to connect virtual disks and virtual network ports of our guest systems to real world storage and network. root@sun # ldm add-vds primary-vds root@sun # ldm add-vswitch net-dev=igb2 switch-primary primary You are free to choose whatever names you like for the virtual disk service and the virtual switch.  I strongly recommend that you choose names that make sense to you and describe the function of each service in the context of your implementation.  For the vswitch, for example, you could choose names like "admin-vswitch" or "production-network" etc. This already concludes the configuration of the control domain.  We've freed up considerable amounts of CPU and RAM for guest systems and created the necessary infrastructure - console, vts and vswitch - so that guests systems can actually interact with the outside world.  The system is now ready to create guests, which I'll describe in the next section. For further reading, here are some recommendable links: The LDoms 2.2 Admin Guide The "Beginners Guide to LDoms" The LDoms Information Center on MOS LDoms on OTN

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• Internet doesn't work by default

  - by Adam Martinez

  After upgrading to Precise, I am required to run 'sudo dhclient eth0' in a terminal in order to get the internet to work. Everything worked perfectly fine on Oneiric, so It's really puzzling me. I'm thinking it could possibly be something with the kernel, but who knows. Output of dmesg: [ 0.247891] system 00:01: [io 0x0290-0x030f] has been reserved [ 0.247896] system 00:01: [io 0x0290-0x0297] has been reserved [ 0.247901] system 00:01: [io 0x0880-0x088f] has been reserved [ 0.247908] system 00:01: Plug and Play ACPI device, IDs PNP0c02 (active) [ 0.247931] pnp 00:02: [dma 4] [ 0.247935] pnp 00:02: [io 0x0000-0x000f] [ 0.247939] pnp 00:02: [io 0x0080-0x0090] [ 0.247943] pnp 00:02: [io 0x0094-0x009f] [ 0.247947] pnp 00:02: [io 0x00c0-0x00df] [ 0.248033] pnp 00:02: Plug and Play ACPI device, IDs PNP0200 (active) [ 0.248125] pnp 00:03: [io 0x0070-0x0073] [ 0.248187] pnp 00:03: Plug and Play ACPI device, IDs PNP0b00 (active) [ 0.248205] pnp 00:04: [io 0x0061] [ 0.248260] pnp 00:04: Plug and Play ACPI device, IDs PNP0800 (active) [ 0.248277] pnp 00:05: [io 0x00f0-0x00ff] [ 0.248292] pnp 00:05: [irq 13] [ 0.248348] pnp 00:05: Plug and Play ACPI device, IDs PNP0c04 (active) [ 0.248583] pnp 00:06: [io 0x03f0-0x03f5] [ 0.248588] pnp 00:06: [io 0x03f7] [ 0.248597] pnp 00:06: [irq 6] [ 0.248601] pnp 00:06: [dma 2] [ 0.248690] pnp 00:06: Plug and Play ACPI device, IDs PNP0700 (active) [ 0.248998] pnp 00:07: [io 0x03f8-0x03ff] [ 0.249008] pnp 00:07: [irq 4] [ 0.249122] pnp 00:07: Plug and Play ACPI device, IDs PNP0501 (active) [ 0.249479] pnp 00:08: [io 0x0400-0x04bf] [ 0.249584] system 00:08: [io 0x0400-0x04bf] has been reserved [ 0.249591] system 00:08: Plug and Play ACPI device, IDs PNP0c02 (active) [ 0.249628] pnp 00:09: [mem 0xffb80000-0xffbfffff] [ 0.249690] pnp 00:09: Plug and Play ACPI device, IDs INT0800 (active) [ 0.250049] pnp 00:0a: [mem 0xe0000000-0xefffffff] [ 0.250167] system 00:0a: [mem 0xe0000000-0xefffffff] has been reserved [ 0.250173] system 00:0a: Plug and Play ACPI device, IDs PNP0c02 (active) [ 0.250302] pnp 00:0b: [mem 0x000f0000-0x000fffff] [ 0.250307] pnp 00:0b: [mem 0x7ff00000-0x7fffffff] [ 0.250311] pnp 00:0b: [mem 0xfed00000-0xfed000ff] [ 0.250316] pnp 00:0b: [mem 0x0000046e-0x0000056d] [ 0.250320] pnp 00:0b: [mem 0x7fee0000-0x7fefffff] [ 0.250324] pnp 00:0b: [mem 0x00000000-0x0009ffff] [ 0.250328] pnp 00:0b: [mem 0x00100000-0x7fedffff] [ 0.250332] pnp 00:0b: [mem 0xfec00000-0xfec00fff] [ 0.250336] pnp 00:0b: [mem 0xfed14000-0xfed1dfff] [ 0.250341] pnp 00:0b: [mem 0xfed20000-0xfed9ffff] [ 0.250345] pnp 00:0b: [mem 0xfee00000-0xfee00fff] [ 0.250349] pnp 00:0b: [mem 0xffb00000-0xffb7ffff] [ 0.250353] pnp 00:0b: [mem 0xfff00000-0xffffffff] [ 0.250357] pnp 00:0b: [mem 0x000e0000-0x000effff] [ 0.250409] pnp 00:0b: disabling [mem 0x0000046e-0x0000056d] because it overlaps 0000:01:00.0 BAR 6 [mem 0x00000000-0x0007ffff pref] [ 0.250419] pnp 00:0b: disabling [mem 0x0000046e-0x0000056d disabled] because it overlaps 0000:03:00.0 BAR 6 [mem 0x00000000-0x0000ffff pref] [ 0.250430] pnp 00:0b: disabling [mem 0x0000046e-0x0000056d disabled] because it overlaps 0000:04:00.0 BAR 6 [mem 0x00000000-0x0001ffff pref] [ 0.250524] system 00:0b: [mem 0x000f0000-0x000fffff] could not be reserved [ 0.250530] system 00:0b: [mem 0x7ff00000-0x7fffffff] has been reserved [ 0.250536] system 00:0b: [mem 0xfed00000-0xfed000ff] has been reserved [ 0.250541] system 00:0b: [mem 0x7fee0000-0x7fefffff] could not be reserved [ 0.250547] system 00:0b: [mem 0x00000000-0x0009ffff] could not be reserved [ 0.250552] system 00:0b: [mem 0x00100000-0x7fedffff] could not be reserved [ 0.250558] system 00:0b: [mem 0xfec00000-0xfec00fff] could not be reserved [ 0.250563] system 00:0b: [mem 0xfed14000-0xfed1dfff] has been reserved [ 0.250568] system 00:0b: [mem 0xfed20000-0xfed9ffff] has been reserved [ 0.250574] system 00:0b: [mem 0xfee00000-0xfee00fff] has been reserved [ 0.250579] system 00:0b: [mem 0xffb00000-0xffb7ffff] has been reserved [ 0.250585] system 00:0b: [mem 0xfff00000-0xffffffff] has been reserved [ 0.250590] system 00:0b: [mem 0x000e0000-0x000effff] has been reserved [ 0.250596] system 00:0b: Plug and Play ACPI device, IDs PNP0c01 (active) [ 0.250614] pnp: PnP ACPI: found 12 devices [ 0.250617] ACPI: ACPI bus type pnp unregistered [ 0.250624] PnPBIOS: Disabled by ACPI PNP [ 0.288725] PCI: max bus depth: 1 pci_try_num: 2 [ 0.288786] pci 0000:01:00.0: BAR 6: assigned [mem 0xfb000000-0xfb07ffff pref] [ 0.288792] pci 0000:00:01.0: PCI bridge to [bus 01-01] [ 0.288797] pci 0000:00:01.0: bridge window [io 0xa000-0xafff] [ 0.288804] pci 0000:00:01.0: bridge window [mem 0xf8000000-0xfbffffff] [ 0.288811] pci 0000:00:01.0: bridge window [mem 0xd0000000-0xdfffffff 64bit pref] [ 0.288820] pci 0000:00:1c.0: PCI bridge to [bus 02-02] [ 0.288825] pci 0000:00:1c.0: bridge window [io 0x9000-0x9fff] [ 0.288833] pci 0000:00:1c.0: bridge window [mem 0xfdb00000-0xfdbfffff] [ 0.288840] pci 0000:00:1c.0: bridge window [mem 0xfd800000-0xfd8fffff 64bit pref] [ 0.288851] pci 0000:03:00.0: BAR 6: assigned [mem 0xfde00000-0xfde0ffff pref] [ 0.288856] pci 0000:00:1c.4: PCI bridge to [bus 03-03] [ 0.288861] pci 0000:00:1c.4: bridge window [io 0xd000-0xdfff] [ 0.288869] pci 0000:00:1c.4: bridge window [mem 0xfd700000-0xfd7fffff] [ 0.288876] pci 0000:00:1c.4: bridge window [mem 0xfde00000-0xfdefffff 64bit pref] [ 0.288887] pci 0000:04:00.0: BAR 6: assigned [mem 0xfdc00000-0xfdc1ffff pref] [ 0.288891] pci 0000:00:1c.5: PCI bridge to [bus 04-04] [ 0.288897] pci 0000:00:1c.5: bridge window [io 0xb000-0xbfff] [ 0.288904] pci 0000:00:1c.5: bridge window [mem 0xfdd00000-0xfddfffff] [ 0.288911] pci 0000:00:1c.5: bridge window [mem 0xfdc00000-0xfdcfffff 64bit pref] [ 0.288920] pci 0000:00:1e.0: PCI bridge to [bus 05-05] [ 0.288926] pci 0000:00:1e.0: bridge window [io 0xc000-0xcfff] [ 0.288933] pci 0000:00:1e.0: bridge window [mem 0xfda00000-0xfdafffff] [ 0.288940] pci 0000:00:1e.0: bridge window [mem 0xfd900000-0xfd9fffff 64bit pref] [ 0.288971] pci 0000:00:01.0: PCI INT A -> GSI 16 (level, low) -> IRQ 16 [ 0.288979] pci 0000:00:01.0: setting latency timer to 64 [ 0.288991] pci 0000:00:1c.0: PCI INT A -> GSI 16 (level, low) -> IRQ 16 [ 0.288998] pci 0000:00:1c.0: setting latency timer to 64 [ 0.289008] pci 0000:00:1c.4: PCI INT A -> GSI 16 (level, low) -> IRQ 16 [ 0.289014] pci 0000:00:1c.4: setting latency timer to 64 [ 0.289030] pci 0000:00:1c.5: PCI INT B -> GSI 17 (level, low) -> IRQ 17 [ 0.289037] pci 0000:00:1c.5: setting latency timer to 64 [ 0.289047] pci 0000:00:1e.0: setting latency timer to 64 [ 0.289054] pci_bus 0000:00: resource 4 [io 0x0000-0x0cf7] [ 0.289058] pci_bus 0000:00: resource 5 [io 0x0d00-0xffff] [ 0.289063] pci_bus 0000:00: resource 6 [mem 0x000a0000-0x000bffff] [ 0.289067] pci_bus 0000:00: resource 7 [mem 0x000c0000-0x000dffff] [ 0.289072] pci_bus 0000:00: resource 8 [mem 0x7ff00000-0xfebfffff] [ 0.289077] pci_bus 0000:01: resource 0 [io 0xa000-0xafff] [ 0.289081] pci_bus 0000:01: resource 1 [mem 0xf8000000-0xfbffffff] [ 0.289086] pci_bus 0000:01: resource 2 [mem 0xd0000000-0xdfffffff 64bit pref] [ 0.289092] pci_bus 0000:02: resource 0 [io 0x9000-0x9fff] [ 0.289096] pci_bus 0000:02: resource 1 [mem 0xfdb00000-0xfdbfffff] [ 0.289101] pci_bus 0000:02: resource 2 [mem 0xfd800000-0xfd8fffff 64bit pref] [ 0.289106] pci_bus 0000:03: resource 0 [io 0xd000-0xdfff] [ 0.289110] pci_bus 0000:03: resource 1 [mem 0xfd700000-0xfd7fffff] [ 0.289115] pci_bus 0000:03: resource 2 [mem 0xfde00000-0xfdefffff 64bit pref] [ 0.289120] pci_bus 0000:04: resource 0 [io 0xb000-0xbfff] [ 0.289124] pci_bus 0000:04: resource 1 [mem 0xfdd00000-0xfddfffff] [ 0.289129] pci_bus 0000:04: resource 2 [mem 0xfdc00000-0xfdcfffff 64bit pref] [ 0.289134] pci_bus 0000:05: resource 0 [io 0xc000-0xcfff] [ 0.289138] pci_bus 0000:05: resource 1 [mem 0xfda00000-0xfdafffff] [ 0.289143] pci_bus 0000:05: resource 2 [mem 0xfd900000-0xfd9fffff 64bit pref] [ 0.289148] pci_bus 0000:05: resource 4 [io 0x0000-0x0cf7] [ 0.289152] pci_bus 0000:05: resource 5 [io 0x0d00-0xffff] [ 0.289157] pci_bus 0000:05: resource 6 [mem 0x000a0000-0x000bffff] [ 0.289161] pci_bus 0000:05: resource 7 [mem 0x000c0000-0x000dffff] [ 0.289166] pci_bus 0000:05: resource 8 [mem 0x7ff00000-0xfebfffff] [ 0.289233] NET: Registered protocol family 2 [ 0.289360] IP route cache hash table entries: 32768 (order: 5, 131072 bytes) [ 0.289754] TCP established hash table entries: 131072 (order: 8, 1048576 bytes) [ 0.290351] TCP bind hash table entries: 65536 (order: 7, 524288 bytes) [ 0.290670] TCP: Hash tables configured (established 131072 bind 65536) [ 0.290674] TCP reno registered [ 0.290680] UDP hash table entries: 512 (order: 2, 16384 bytes) [ 0.290703] UDP-Lite hash table entries: 512 (order: 2, 16384 bytes) [ 0.290868] NET: Registered protocol family 1 [ 0.290911] pci 0000:00:1a.0: PCI INT A -> GSI 16 (level, low) -> IRQ 16 [ 0.290932] pci 0000:00:1a.0: PCI INT A disabled [ 0.290956] pci 0000:00:1a.1: PCI INT B -> GSI 21 (level, low) -> IRQ 21 [ 0.290975] pci 0000:00:1a.1: PCI INT B disabled [ 0.290992] pci 0000:00:1a.2: PCI INT D -> GSI 19 (level, low) -> IRQ 19 [ 0.291012] pci 0000:00:1a.2: PCI INT D disabled [ 0.291031] pci 0000:00:1a.7: PCI INT C -> GSI 18 (level, low) -> IRQ 18 [ 0.291068] pci 0000:00:1a.7: PCI INT C disabled [ 0.291104] pci 0000:00:1d.0: PCI INT A -> GSI 23 (level, low) -> IRQ 23 [ 0.291123] pci 0000:00:1d.0: PCI INT A disabled [ 0.291135] pci 0000:00:1d.1: PCI INT B -> GSI 19 (level, low) -> IRQ 19 [ 0.291155] pci 0000:00:1d.1: PCI INT B disabled [ 0.291166] pci 0000:00:1d.2: PCI INT C -> GSI 18 (level, low) -> IRQ 18 [ 0.291185] pci 0000:00:1d.2: PCI INT C disabled [ 0.291198] pci 0000:00:1d.7: PCI INT A -> GSI 23 (level, low) -> IRQ 23 [ 0.291219] pci 0000:00:1d.7: PCI INT A disabled [ 0.291258] pci 0000:01:00.0: Boot video device [ 0.291273] PCI: CLS 4 bytes, default 64 [ 0.291857] audit: initializing netlink socket (disabled) [ 0.291876] type=2000 audit(1336753420.284:1): initialized [ 0.337724] highmem bounce pool size: 64 pages [ 0.337734] HugeTLB registered 2 MB page size, pre-allocated 0 pages [ 0.349241] VFS: Disk quotas dquot_6.5.2 [ 0.349365] Dquot-cache hash table entries: 1024 (order 0, 4096 bytes) [ 0.350418] fuse init (API version 7.17) [ 0.350611] msgmni has been set to 1685 [ 0.351179] Block layer SCSI generic (bsg) driver version 0.4 loaded (major 253) [ 0.351229] io scheduler noop registered [ 0.351233] io scheduler deadline registered [ 0.351247] io scheduler cfq registered (default) [ 0.351450] pcieport 0000:00:01.0: setting latency timer to 64 [ 0.351502] pcieport 0000:00:01.0: irq 40 for MSI/MSI-X [ 0.351585] pcieport 0000:00:1c.0: setting latency timer to 64 [ 0.351639] pcieport 0000:00:1c.0: irq 41 for MSI/MSI-X [ 0.351728] pcieport 0000:00:1c.4: setting latency timer to 64 [ 0.351779] pcieport 0000:00:1c.4: irq 42 for MSI/MSI-X [ 0.351875] pcieport 0000:00:1c.5: setting latency timer to 64 [ 0.351927] pcieport 0000:00:1c.5: irq 43 for MSI/MSI-X [ 0.352094] pci_hotplug: PCI Hot Plug PCI Core version: 0.5 [ 0.352143] pciehp: PCI Express Hot Plug Controller Driver version: 0.4 [ 0.352311] intel_idle: MWAIT substates: 0x22220 [ 0.352315] intel_idle: does not run on family 6 model 23 [ 0.352446] input: Power Button as /devices/LNXSYSTM:00/device:00/PNP0C0C:00/input/input0 [ 0.352455] ACPI: Power Button [PWRB] [ 0.352556] input: Power Button as /devices/LNXSYSTM:00/LNXPWRBN:00/input/input1 [ 0.352562] ACPI: Power Button [PWRF] [ 0.352650] ACPI: Fan [FAN] (on) [ 0.355667] thermal LNXTHERM:00: registered as thermal_zone0 [ 0.355673] ACPI: Thermal Zone [THRM] (26 C) [ 0.355750] ERST: Table is not found! [ 0.355753] GHES: HEST is not enabled! [ 0.355898] Serial: 8250/16550 driver, 32 ports, IRQ sharing enabled [ 0.376332] serial8250: ttyS0 at I/O 0x3f8 (irq = 4) is a 16550A [ 0.376582] isapnp: Scanning for PnP cards... [ 0.709133] Freeing initrd memory: 13792k freed [ 0.729743] isapnp: No Plug & Play device found [ 0.816786] 00:07: ttyS0 at I/O 0x3f8 (irq = 4) is a 16550A [ 0.832385] Linux agpgart interface v0.103 [ 0.835605] brd: module loaded [ 0.837138] loop: module loaded [ 0.837452] ata_piix 0000:00:1f.2: version 2.13 [ 0.837473] ata_piix 0000:00:1f.2: PCI INT A -> GSI 19 (level, low) -> IRQ 19 [ 0.837480] ata_piix 0000:00:1f.2: MAP [ P0 P2 P1 P3 ] [ 0.837546] ata_piix 0000:00:1f.2: setting latency timer to 64 [ 0.838099] scsi0 : ata_piix [ 0.838253] scsi1 : ata_piix [ 0.839183] ata1: SATA max UDMA/133 cmd 0xf900 ctl 0xf800 bmdma 0xf500 irq 19 [ 0.839192] ata2: SATA max UDMA/133 cmd 0xf700 ctl 0xf600 bmdma 0xf508 irq 19 [ 0.839239] ata_piix 0000:00:1f.5: PCI INT A -> GSI 19 (level, low) -> IRQ 19 [ 0.839246] ata_piix 0000:00:1f.5: MAP [ P0 -- P1 -- ] [ 0.839300] ata_piix 0000:00:1f.5: setting latency timer to 64 [ 0.839708] scsi2 : ata_piix [ 0.839841] scsi3 : ata_piix [ 0.840301] ata3: SATA max UDMA/133 cmd 0xf200 ctl 0xf100 bmdma 0xee00 irq 19 [ 0.840308] ata4: SATA max UDMA/133 cmd 0xf000 ctl 0xef00 bmdma 0xee08 irq 19 [ 0.840429] pata_acpi 0000:03:00.0: PCI INT A -> GSI 16 (level, low) -> IRQ 16 [ 0.840467] pata_acpi 0000:03:00.0: setting latency timer to 64 [ 0.840488] pata_acpi 0000:03:00.0: PCI INT A disabled [ 0.841159] Fixed MDIO Bus: probed [ 0.841205] tun: Universal TUN/TAP device driver, 1.6 [ 0.841210] tun: (C) 1999-2004 Max Krasnyansky <[email protected]> [ 0.841322] PPP generic driver version 2.4.2 [ 0.841515] ehci_hcd: USB 2.0 'Enhanced' Host Controller (EHCI) Driver [ 0.841542] ehci_hcd 0000:00:1a.7: PCI INT C -> GSI 18 (level, low) -> IRQ 18 [ 0.841567] ehci_hcd 0000:00:1a.7: setting latency timer to 64 [ 0.841573] ehci_hcd 0000:00:1a.7: EHCI Host Controller [ 0.841658] ehci_hcd 0000:00:1a.7: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 1 [ 0.845582] ehci_hcd 0000:00:1a.7: cache line size of 4 is not supported [ 0.845610] ehci_hcd 0000:00:1a.7: irq 18, io mem 0xfdfff000 [ 0.860022] ehci_hcd 0000:00:1a.7: USB 2.0 started, EHCI 1.00 [ 0.860264] hub 1-0:1.0: USB hub found [ 0.860272] hub 1-0:1.0: 6 ports detected [ 0.860404] ehci_hcd 0000:00:1d.7: PCI INT A -> GSI 23 (level, low) -> IRQ 23 [ 0.860424] ehci_hcd 0000:00:1d.7: setting latency timer to 64 [ 0.860430] ehci_hcd 0000:00:1d.7: EHCI Host Controller [ 0.860512] ehci_hcd 0000:00:1d.7: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 2 [ 0.864413] ehci_hcd 0000:00:1d.7: cache line size of 4 is not supported [ 0.864438] ehci_hcd 0000:00:1d.7: irq 23, io mem 0xfdffe000 [ 0.880021] ehci_hcd 0000:00:1d.7: USB 2.0 started, EHCI 1.00 [ 0.880227] hub 2-0:1.0: USB hub found [ 0.880234] hub 2-0:1.0: 6 ports detected [ 0.880369] ohci_hcd: USB 1.1 'Open' Host Controller (OHCI) Driver [ 0.880396] uhci_hcd: USB Universal Host Controller Interface driver [ 0.880431] uhci_hcd 0000:00:1a.0: PCI INT A -> GSI 16 (level, low) -> IRQ 16 [ 0.880443] uhci_hcd 0000:00:1a.0: setting latency timer to 64 [ 0.880449] uhci_hcd 0000:00:1a.0: UHCI Host Controller [ 0.880529] uhci_hcd 0000:00:1a.0: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 3 [ 0.880574] uhci_hcd 0000:00:1a.0: irq 16, io base 0x0000ff00 [ 0.880803] hub 3-0:1.0: USB hub found [ 0.880811] hub 3-0:1.0: 2 ports detected [ 0.880929] uhci_hcd 0000:00:1a.1: PCI INT B -> GSI 21 (level, low) -> IRQ 21 [ 0.880940] uhci_hcd 0000:00:1a.1: setting latency timer to 64 [ 0.880946] uhci_hcd 0000:00:1a.1: UHCI Host Controller [ 0.881039] uhci_hcd 0000:00:1a.1: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 4 [ 0.881081] uhci_hcd 0000:00:1a.1: irq 21, io base 0x0000fe00 [ 0.881302] hub 4-0:1.0: USB hub found [ 0.881310] hub 4-0:1.0: 2 ports detected [ 0.881427] uhci_hcd 0000:00:1a.2: PCI INT D -> GSI 19 (level, low) -> IRQ 19 [ 0.881438] uhci_hcd 0000:00:1a.2: setting latency timer to 64 [ 0.881443] uhci_hcd 0000:00:1a.2: UHCI Host Controller [ 0.881523] uhci_hcd 0000:00:1a.2: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 5 [ 0.881551] uhci_hcd 0000:00:1a.2: irq 19, io base 0x0000fd00 [ 0.881774] hub 5-0:1.0: USB hub found [ 0.881781] hub 5-0:1.0: 2 ports detected [ 0.881899] uhci_hcd 0000:00:1d.0: PCI INT A -> GSI 23 (level, low) -> IRQ 23 [ 0.881910] uhci_hcd 0000:00:1d.0: setting latency timer to 64 [ 0.881915] uhci_hcd 0000:00:1d.0: UHCI Host Controller [ 0.881993] uhci_hcd 0000:00:1d.0: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 6 [ 0.882021] uhci_hcd 0000:00:1d.0: irq 23, io base 0x0000fc00 [ 0.882244] hub 6-0:1.0: USB hub found [ 0.882252] hub 6-0:1.0: 2 ports detected [ 0.882370] uhci_hcd 0000:00:1d.1: PCI INT B -> GSI 19 (level, low) -> IRQ 19 [ 0.882381] uhci_hcd 0000:00:1d.1: setting latency timer to 64 [ 0.882386] uhci_hcd 0000:00:1d.1: UHCI Host Controller [ 0.882467] uhci_hcd 0000:00:1d.1: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 7 [ 0.882495] uhci_hcd 0000:00:1d.1: irq 19, io base 0x0000fb00 [ 0.882735] hub 7-0:1.0: USB hub found [ 0.882742] hub 7-0:1.0: 2 ports detected [ 0.882858] uhci_hcd 0000:00:1d.2: PCI INT C -> GSI 18 (level, low) -> IRQ 18 [ 0.882869] uhci_hcd 0000:00:1d.2: setting latency timer to 64 [ 0.882875] uhci_hcd 0000:00:1d.2: UHCI Host Controller [ 0.882954] uhci_hcd 0000:00:1d.2: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 8 [ 0.882982] uhci_hcd 0000:00:1d.2: irq 18, io base 0x0000fa00 [ 0.883205] hub 8-0:1.0: USB hub found [ 0.883213] hub 8-0:1.0: 2 ports detected [ 0.883435] usbcore: registered new interface driver libusual [ 0.883535] i8042: PNP: No PS/2 controller found. Probing ports directly. [ 0.883926] serio: i8042 KBD port at 0x60,0x64 irq 1 [ 0.883936] serio: i8042 AUX port at 0x60,0x64 irq 12 [ 0.884187] mousedev: PS/2 mouse device common for all mice [ 0.884433] rtc_cmos 00:03: RTC can wake from S4 [ 0.884582] rtc_cmos 00:03: rtc core: registered rtc_cmos as rtc0 [ 0.884612] rtc0: alarms up to one month, 242 bytes nvram, hpet irqs [ 0.884719] device-mapper: uevent: version 1.0.3 [ 0.884854] device-mapper: ioctl: 4.22.0-ioctl (2011-10-19) initialised: [email protected] [ 0.884917] EISA: Probing bus 0 at eisa.0 [ 0.884921] EISA: Cannot allocate resource for mainboard [ 0.884925] Cannot allocate resource for EISA slot 1 [ 0.884929] Cannot allocate resource for EISA slot 2 [ 0.884932] Cannot allocate resource for EISA slot 3 [ 0.884936] Cannot allocate resource for EISA slot 4 [ 0.884940] Cannot allocate resource for EISA slot 5 [ 0.884943] Cannot allocate resource for EISA slot 6 [ 0.884947] Cannot allocate resource for EISA slot 7 [ 0.884950] Cannot allocate resource for EISA slot 8 [ 0.884954] EISA: Detected 0 cards. [ 0.884969] cpufreq-nforce2: No nForce2 chipset. [ 0.884973] cpuidle: using governor ladder [ 0.884976] cpuidle: using governor menu [ 0.884980] EFI Variables Facility v0.08 2004-May-17 [ 0.885476] TCP cubic registered [ 0.885708] NET: Registered protocol family 10 [ 0.886771] NET: Registered protocol family 17 [ 0.886799] Registering the dns_resolver key type [ 0.886837] Using IPI No-Shortcut mode [ 0.887028] PM: Hibernation image not present or could not be loaded. [ 0.887047] registered taskstats version 1 [ 0.902579] Magic number: 12:339:388 [ 0.902592] usb usb6: hash matches [ 0.902687] rtc_cmos 00:03: setting system clock to 2012-05-11 16:23:41 UTC (1336753421) [ 0.903185] BIOS EDD facility v0.16 2004-Jun-25, 0 devices found [ 0.903189] EDD information not available. [ 1.170710] ata3: SATA link down (SStatus 0 SControl 300) [ 1.181439] ata4: SATA link down (SStatus 0 SControl 300) [ 1.288020] Refined TSC clocksource calibration: 2499.999 MHz. [ 1.288028] Switching to clocksource tsc [ 1.292016] usb 1-5: new high-speed USB device number 3 using ehci_hcd [ 1.486745] ata2.00: SATA link down (SStatus 0 SControl 300) [ 1.486762] ata2.01: SATA link down (SStatus 0 SControl 300) [ 1.640115] ata1.00: SATA link up 1.5 Gbps (SStatus 113 SControl 300) [ 1.640130] ata1.01: SATA link down (SStatus 0 SControl 300) [ 1.648342] ata1.00: ATA-7: Maxtor 7Y250M0, YAR511W0, max UDMA/133 [ 1.648348] ata1.00: 490234752 sectors, multi 0: LBA48 [ 1.664325] ata1.00: configured for UDMA/133 [ 1.664531] scsi 0:0:0:0: Direct-Access ATA Maxtor 7Y250M0 YAR5 PQ: 0 ANSI: 5 [ 1.664745] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] 490234752 512-byte logical blocks: (251 GB/233 GiB) [ 1.664809] sd 0:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg0 type 0 [ 1.664838] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Write Protect is off [ 1.664843] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Mode Sense: 00 3a 00 00 [ 1.664884] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Write cache: enabled, read cache: enabled, doesn't support DPO or FUA [ 1.691699] sda: sda1 sda2 sda3 sda4 [ 1.692348] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Attached SCSI disk [ 1.692461] Freeing unused kernel memory: 740k freed [ 1.692820] Write protecting the kernel text: 5828k [ 1.692851] Write protecting the kernel read-only data: 2376k [ 1.692854] NX-protecting the kernel data: 4412k [ 1.723980] udevd[92]: starting version 175 [ 1.865339] Floppy drive(s): fd0 is 1.44M [ 1.865429] pata_jmicron 0000:03:00.0: PCI INT A -> GSI 16 (level, low) -> IRQ 16 [ 1.865478] pata_jmicron 0000:03:00.0: setting latency timer to 64 [ 1.867875] sky2: driver version 1.30 [ 1.867926] sky2 0000:04:00.0: PCI INT A -> GSI 17 (level, low) -> IRQ 17 [ 1.867942] sky2 0000:04:00.0: setting latency timer to 64 [ 1.867979] sky2 0000:04:00.0: Yukon-2 EC chip revision 2 [ 1.868111] sky2 0000:04:00.0: irq 44 for MSI/MSI-X [ 1.868174] scsi4 : pata_jmicron [ 1.869802] sky2 0000:04:00.0: eth0: addr 00:01:29:a4:16:0a [ 1.869828] scsi5 : pata_jmicron [ 1.869943] ata5: PATA max UDMA/100 cmd 0xdf00 ctl 0xde00 bmdma 0xdb00 irq 16 [ 1.869949] ata6: PATA max UDMA/100 cmd 0xdd00 ctl 0xdc00 bmdma 0xdb08 irq 16 [ 1.880053] usb 4-1: new full-speed USB device number 2 using uhci_hcd [ 1.884052] FDC 0 is a post-1991 82077 [ 2.032611] ata5.00: ATAPI: _NEC DVD+/-RW ND-3450A, 103C, max UDMA/33 [ 2.048585] ata5.00: configured for UDMA/33 [ 2.049777] scsi 4:0:0:0: CD-ROM _NEC DVD+-RW ND-3450A 103C PQ: 0 ANSI: 5 [ 2.051048] sr0: scsi3-mmc drive: 48x/48x writer cd/rw xa/form2 cdda tray [ 2.051054] cdrom: Uniform CD-ROM driver Revision: 3.20 [ 2.051283] sr 4:0:0:0: Attached scsi CD-ROM sr0 [ 2.051483] sr 4:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg1 type 5 [ 2.079838] usbcore: registered new interface driver usbhid [ 2.079844] usbhid: USB HID core driver [ 2.236660] EXT4-fs (sda1): mounted filesystem with ordered data mode. Opts: (null) [ 12.150230] ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): eth0: link is not ready [ 12.177342] udevd[333]: starting version 175 [ 12.195524] Adding 417684k swap on /dev/sda2. Priority:-1 extents:1 across:417684k [ 12.278032] lp: driver loaded but no devices found [ 12.516456] logitech-djreceiver 0003:046D:C52B.0003: hiddev0,hidraw0: USB HID v1.11 Device [Logitech USB Receiver] on usb-0000:00:1a.1-1/input2 [ 12.520297] input: Logitech Unifying Device. Wireless PID:1024 as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1a.1/usb4/4-1/4-1:1.2/0003:046D:C52B.0003/input/input2 [ 12.520753] logitech-djdevice 0003:046D:C52B.0004: input,hidraw1: USB HID v1.11 Mouse [Logitech Unifying Device. Wireless PID:1024] on usb-0000:00:1a.1-1:1 [ 12.523286] input: Logitech Unifying Device. Wireless PID:2011 as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1a.1/usb4/4-1/4-1:1.2/0003:046D:C52B.0003/input/input3 [ 12.524439] logitech-djdevice 0003:046D:C52B.0005: input,hidraw2: USB HID v1.11 Keyboard [Logitech Unifying Device. Wireless PID:2011] on usb-0000:00:1a.1-1:2 [ 12.545746] type=1400 audit(1336771433.137:2): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" name="/sbin/dhclient" pid=502 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 12.546574] type=1400 audit(1336771433.137:3): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" name="/usr/lib/NetworkManager/nm-dhcp-client.action" pid=502 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 12.547034] type=1400 audit(1336771433.137:4): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" name="/usr/lib/connman/scripts/dhclient-script" pid=502 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 12.626869] Linux video capture interface: v2.00 [ 12.649104] uvcvideo: Found UVC 1.00 device <unnamed> (046d:081a) [ 12.668665] input: UVC Camera (046d:081a) as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1a.7/usb1/1-5/1-5:1.0/input/input4 [ 12.668909] usbcore: registered new interface driver uvcvideo [ 12.668914] USB Video Class driver (1.1.1) [ 12.697645] snd_hda_intel 0000:00:1b.0: PCI INT A -> GSI 22 (level, low) -> IRQ 22 [ 12.697721] snd_hda_intel 0000:00:1b.0: irq 45 for MSI/MSI-X [ 12.697760] snd_hda_intel 0000:00:1b.0: setting latency timer to 64 [ 12.706772] nvidia: module license 'NVIDIA' taints kernel. [ 12.706778] Disabling lock debugging due to kernel taint [ 12.735428] EXT4-fs (sda1): re-mounted. Opts: errors=remount-ro [ 13.350252] nvidia 0000:01:00.0: PCI INT A -> GSI 16 (level, low) -> IRQ 16 [ 13.350267] nvidia 0000:01:00.0: setting latency timer to 64 [ 13.350275] vgaarb: device changed decodes: PCI:0000:01:00.0,olddecodes=io+mem,decodes=none:owns=io+mem [ 13.351464] NVRM: loading NVIDIA UNIX x86 Kernel Module 295.40 Thu Apr 5 21:28:09 PDT 2012 [ 13.356785] hda_codec: ALC889A: BIOS auto-probing. [ 13.357267] init: failsafe main process (658) killed by TERM signal [ 13.372756] input: HDA Intel Line as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1b.0/sound/card0/input5 [ 13.373173] input: HDA Intel Front Mic as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1b.0/sound/card0/input6 [ 13.373568] input: HDA Intel Rear Mic as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1b.0/sound/card0/input7 [ 13.373954] input: HDA Intel Front Headphone as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1b.0/sound/card0/input8 [ 13.374339] input: HDA Intel Line-Out Side as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1b.0/sound/card0/input9 [ 13.374715] input: HDA Intel Line-Out CLFE as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1b.0/sound/card0/input10 [ 13.375109] input: HDA Intel Line-Out Surround as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1b.0/sound/card0/input11 [ 13.375724] input: HDA Intel Line-Out Front as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1b.0/sound/card0/input12 [ 13.475252] type=1400 audit(1336771434.065:5): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_replace" name="/sbin/dhclient" pid=735 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 13.477026] type=1400 audit(1336771434.069:6): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_replace" name="/usr/lib/NetworkManager/nm-dhcp-client.action" pid=735 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 13.477695] type=1400 audit(1336771434.069:7): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_replace" name="/usr/lib/connman/scripts/dhclient-script" pid=735 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 13.479048] type=1400 audit(1336771434.069:8): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" name="/usr/lib/lightdm/lightdm/lightdm-guest-session-wrapper" pid=734 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 13.488994] type=1400 audit(1336771434.081:9): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" name="/usr/lib/telepathy/mission-control-5" pid=738 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 13.489972] type=1400 audit(1336771434.081:10): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" name="/usr/lib/telepathy/telepathy-*" pid=738 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 13.

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• CodePlex Daily Summary for Sunday, April 25, 2010

  CodePlex Daily Summary for Sunday, April 25, 2010New Projects281slides: 281slides is a project to demonstrate how one could go about implementing something similar to http://280slides.com in Silverlight3.Alex.XP's ARMA2 Chinese Language Pack Tools: Alex.XP's ARMA2 Chinese Language ToolsAuto Version Web Assets: The AVWA project is an HTTP Module written in C# that is designed to allow for versioning of various web assets such as .CSS and .JS files. This a...CAECE Twitter Clon: Proyecto para hacer un clon de twitter alumnos CAECE 2010DNSExchanger: Provides users to switch their PC's DNSs with pre-defined DNS with one click. Fluent ViewModel Configuration for WPF (MVVM): Fluent MVVM Configuration for WPF. A powerful yet simple interface for configuring view models for WPF. Eliminates INotifyPropertyChanged duplic...Genetic Algorithm N-Queens Solver: Genetic Algorithm N-Queens Solver with Multithreaded GUI.Hangmanondotnet: Just a starterHelium Frog Animator: Here is the Source code for the Helium Frog Animator. It is released under the GNU General Public Licence. The software enables stop motion animati...LISCH Collision Resolution, AVL Trees: LISCH Collision Resolution, AVL Trees Last Insertion Standart Colesced HashingNetPE: NetPE is a Portable Executable(PE) editor with full Metadata support. It is developed in pure C#.Proyecto Nilo: nada por ahoraSQL Schema Source Control: Track database schema changes automatically C# application that you can run against your SQL Databases (supports SQL 2008 right now, but you cou...uTorrent-Net-Client: A network client for uTorrent over the uTorrent-WebAPI. The Client use the API implementation from "uTorrent Web Client API Wrapper Library" (http:...Visual Leak Detector for Visual C++ 2008/2010: Enhanced Memory Leak Detection for Visual C++Visual Studio 2010 AutoScroller Extension: This is an extension to provide auto-scrolling to the Visual Studio 2010 environment. Simply middle click and drag the mouse in the direction yo...Vje: Vje projectVs2010-TipSite - Enter Island: This project is a visual studio 2010 project created in Silverligt. The project used to give using tips about visual studio 2010 by movies clips an...WKURM: Research Methods project @ western kentucky universityYupsky: yupsky webNew Releases.NET DiscUtils: Version 0.8: This is the 0.8 release of DiscUtils. New in this release are: An NFS client, supporting access to virtual disks held on an NFS server. A PowerS...Bluetooth Radar: Version 2.2: Add Settings window Get installed services on the deveice Check if Object Exchange is installed and changed properties. Add Windows Bluetooth...CSharp Intellisense: V1.7: major improvements: - Select best suggestion - on going changes filters (the filters will changed according to the current typing) - remember last ...DNSExchanger: DNSExchanger Beta v0.1: First release of the project, DNSExchanger. It requires, 32-bit Operating System (XP, Vista, 7) and need to be runned with administration credent...DotNetNuke® Form and List (formerly User Defined Table): 05.01.03: Form and List 05.01.03What's New: This release, Form and List 05.01.03, will be a stabilization release. It requires at least DotNetNuke 5.1.3 for...Enki Char 2 BIN: Enki Char 2 Bin: This program converts Characters to Binary and vice versaFluent ViewModel Configuration for WPF (MVVM): FluentViewModel Alpha1: This is a debug build of the FluentViewModel library. This has been provided to get feed back on the API and to look for bugs. For an example on h...Hangmanondotnet: Hangman: Just a previewHelium Frog Animator: Helium Frog 2.06 Documentation: Complete User Guide documentation in html formatHelium Frog Animator: Helium Frog 2.06 Source Code: Zip file contains all Visual Basic 6 source code, Artwork, sound files etc.Helium Frog Animator: Helium Frog Version 2.06: This file is the released version on Helium Frog 2.06. It contains binary files and required runtime libraries.Helium Frog Animator: Motion Jpeg Handling 10: Source code , module and debugging application in C# a) Module concatenates .jpg files to motion jpeg .avi file. b) Module retrieves any required ...Helium Frog Animator: Sample Grabber 03: Source code and debug program in C# a) Module lists all the available DirextX source devices b) Sets up video streaming to a picturebox by creating...Henge3D Physics Library for XNA: Henge3D Source (2010-04): The biggest change in this release was the addition of the OnCollision and OnSeparation "events" in the RigidBody class. An attached handler will r...HouseFly controls: HouseFly controls alpha 0.9.4.1: HouseFly controls release 0.9.4.1 alphaHTML Ruby: 6.22.0: Added new options for adjusting ruby line height and text line height Live preview for options Adjusted applied styles Added option to report...HTML Ruby: 6.22.1: space by word if ASCII character improved handling of unclosed ruby tagMultiwfn: Multiwfn1.3_binary: Multiwfn1.3_binaryMultiwfn: multiwfn1.3_source: multiwfn1.3_sourceRapid Dictionary: Rapid Dictionary Alpha 1.0: Try auto updatable version: http://install.rapiddict.com/index.html Rapid Dictionary Alpha 1.0 includes such functionality:you can run translation...Silverlight Input Keyboard: Version 1.5 for Silverlight 4: Dependency System.Windows.Interactivity.dll from Blend 4 RC http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/details.aspx?FamilyID=88484825-1b3c-4e8c-8b14-b05d02...SQL Schema Source Control: 1.0: Initial ReleaseUDC indexes parser: UDC indexex parser Beta: LALR(1): 1) Невозможно использовать знак распространения на общие и специальные определители, за исключением определителей в скобках (), (0), (=), ...uTorrent-Net-Client: uTorrent-Net-Client: This download contains the uTorrentNetClient and the 7Zip Windows-Service. Before you can use both, you must configuration some points in the App.C...VidCoder: 0.3.0: Changes: Added customizable columns on the Queue. Right click->Customize columns, then drag and drop to choose and reorder. Column sizes will also...Visual Leak Detector for Visual C++ 2008/2010: v2.0: New version of VLD. This adds support for x64 applications and VS 2010.Visual Studio 2010 AutoScroller Extension: AutoScroller v0.1: Initial release of Visual studio 2010 auto-scroller extension. Simply middle click and drag the mouse in the direction you wish to scroll, further...Yasbg: It's Static GUI: Many changes have been made from the previous release. Read the README! This release adds a GUI and RSS support. From now on, this program is only...Most Popular ProjectsRawrWBFS ManagerAJAX Control ToolkitSilverlight ToolkitMicrosoft SQL Server Product Samples: Databasepatterns & practices – Enterprise LibraryWindows Presentation Foundation (WPF)ASP.NETMicrosoft SQL Server Community & SamplesPHPExcelMost Active Projectspatterns & practices – Enterprise LibraryRawrGMap.NET - Great Maps for Windows Forms & PresentationBlogEngine.NETParticle Plot PivotNB_Store - Free DotNetNuke Ecommerce Catalog ModuleDotNetZip LibraryN2 CMSFarseer Physics Enginepatterns & practices: Composite WPF and Silverlight

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• How I Work: A Cloud Developer's Workstation

  - by BuckWoody

  I've written here a little about how I work during the day, including things like using a stand-up desk (still doing that, by the way). Inspired by a Twitter conversation yesterday, I thought I might explain how I set up my computing environment. First, a couple of important points. I work in Cloud Computing, specifically (but not limited to) Windows Azure. Windows Azure has features to run a Virtual Machine (IaaS), run code without having to control a Virtual Machine (PaaS) and use databases, video streaming, Hadoop and more (a kind of SaaS for tech pros). As such, my designs run the gamut of on-premises, VM's in the Cloud, and software that I write for a platform. I focus on data primarily, meaning that I design a lot of systems that use an RDBMS (like SQL Server or Windows Azure Databases) or a NoSQL approach (MongoDB on Azure or large-scale Key-Value Pairs in Table storage) and even Hadoop and R, and also Cloud Numerics in F#. All that being said, those things inform my choices below. Hardware I have a Lenovo X220 tablet/laptop which I really like a great deal - it's a light, tough, extremely fast system. When I travel, that's the system I take. It has 8GB of RAM, and an SSD drive. I sometimes use that to develop or work at a client's site, on the road, or in the living room when I'm not in my home office. My main system is a GateWay DX430017 - I've maxed it out on RAM, and I have two 1TB drives in it. It's not only my workstation for work; I leave it on all the time and it streams our videos, music and books. I have about 3400 e-books, and I've just started using Calibre to stream the library. I run Windows 8 on it so I can set up Hyper-V images, since Windows Azure allows me to move regular Hyper-V disks back and forth to the Cloud. That's where all my "servers" are, when I have to use an IaaS approach. The reason I use a desktop-style system rather than a laptop only approach is that a good part of my job is setting up architectures to solve really big, complex problems. That means I have to simulate entire networks on-premises, along with the Hybrid Cloud approach I use a lot. I need a lot of disk space and memory for that, and I use two huge monitors on my stand-up desk. I could probably use 10 monitors if I had the room for them. Also, since it's our home system as well, I leave it on all the time and it doesn't travel.   Software For the software for my systems, it's important to keep in mind that I not only write code, but I design databases, teach, present, and create Linux and other environments. Windows 8 - While the jury is out for me on the new interface, the context-sensitive search, integrated everything, and speed is just hands-down the right choice. I've evaluated a server OS, Linux, even an Apple, but I just am not as efficient on those as I am with Windows 8. Visual Studio Ultimate - I develop primarily in .NET (C# and F# mostly) and I use the Team Foundation Server in the cloud, and I'm asked to do everything from UI to Services, so I need everything. Windows Azure SDK, Windows Azure Training Kit - I need the first to set up my Azure PaaS coding, and the second has all the info I need for PaaS, IaaS and SaaS. This is primarily how I get paid. :) SQL Server Developer Edition - While I might install Oracle, MySQL and Postgres on my VM's, the "outside" environment is SQL Server for an RDBMS. I install the Developer Edition because it has the same features as Enterprise Edition, and comes with all the client tools and documentation. Microsoft Office -  Even if I didn't work here, this is what I would use. I've just grown too accustomed to doing business this way to change, so my advice is always "use what works", and this does. The parts I use are: OneNote (and a Math Add-in) - I do almost everything - and I mean everything in OneNote. I can code, do high-end math, present, design, collaborate and more. All my notebooks are on my Skydrive. I can use them from any system, anywhere. If you take the time to learn this program, you'll be hooked. Excel with PowerPivot - Don't make that face. Excel is the world's database, and every Data Scientist I know - even the ones where I teach at the University of Washington - know it, use it, and love it.  Outlook - Primary communications, CRM and contact tool. I have all of my social media hooked up to it, so when I get an e-mail from you, I see everything, see all the history we've had on e-mail, find you on a map and more. Lync - I was fine with LiveMeeting, although it has it's moments. For me, the Lync client is tres-awesome. I use this throughout my day, present on it, stay in contact with colleagues and the folks on the dev team (who wish I didn't have it) and more.  PowerPoint - Once again, don't make that face. Whenever I see someone complaining about PowerPoint, I have 100% of the time found they don't know how to use it. If you suck at presenting or creating content, don't blame PowerPoint. Works great on my machine. :) Zoomit - Magnifier - On Windows 7 (and 8 as well) there's a built-in magnifier, but I install Zoomit out of habit. It enlarges the screen. If you don't use one of these tools (or their equivalent on some other OS) then you're presenting/teaching wrong, and you should stop presenting/teaching until you get them and learn how to show people what you can see on your tiny, tiny monitor. :) Cygwin - Unix for Windows. OK, that's not true, but it's mostly that. I grew up on mainframes and Unix (IBM and HP, thank you) and I can't imagine life without  sed, awk, grep, vim, and bash. I also tend to take a lot of the "Science" and "Development" and "Database" packages in it as well. PuTTY - Speaking of Unix, when I need to connect to my Linux VM's in Windows Azure, I want to do it securely. This is the tool for that. Notepad++ - Somewhere between torturing myself in vim and luxuriating in OneNote is Notepad++. Everyone has a favorite text editor; this one is mine. Too many features to name, and it's free. Browsers - I install Chrome, Firefox and of course IE. I know it's in vogue to rant on IE, but I tend to think for myself a great deal, and I've had few (none) problems with it. The others I have for the haterz that make sites that won't run in IE. Visio - I've used a lot of design packages, but none have the extreme meta-data edit capabilities of Visio. I don't use this all the time - it can be rather heavy, but what it does it does really well. I also present this way when I'm not using PowerPoint. Yup, I just bring up Visio and diagram away as I'm chatting with clients. Depending on what we're covering, this can be the right tool for that. Tweetdeck - The AIR one, not that new disaster they came out with. I live on social media, since you, dear readers, are my cube-mates. When I get tired of you all, I close Tweetdeck. When I need help or someone needs help from me, or if I want to see a picture of a cat while I'm coding, I bring it up. It's up most all day and night. Windows Media Player - I listen to Trance or Classical when I code, and I find music managers overbearing and extra. I just use what comes in the box, and it works great for me. R - F# and Cloud Numerics now allows me to load in R libraries (yay!) and I use this for statistical work on big data loads. Microsoft Math - One of the most amazing, free, rich, amazing, awesome, amazing calculators out there. I get the 64-bit version for quick math conversions, plots and formula-checks. Python - I know, right? Who knew that the scientific community loved Python so much. But they do. I use 2.7; not as much runs with 3+. I also use IronPython in Visual Studio, or I edit in Notepad++ Camstudio recorder - Windows PSR - In much of my training, and all of my teaching at the UW, I need to show a process on a screen. Camstudio records screen and voice, and it's free. If I need to make static training, I use the Windows PSR tool that's built right in. It's ostensibly for problem duplication, but I use it to record for training.   OK - your turn. Post a link to your blog entry below, and tell me how you set your system up.  

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