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  • Java init method

    - by Johan Sjöberg
    What's a good way to make sure an init method is invoked in java? The alternatives I see are Don't test it, let the method fail by itself, likely by a NullPointerException Test if method was initialized or throw public void foo() { if (!inited) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("not initalized"); } ... } Delagate public void foo() { if (!inited) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("not initalized"); } fooInternal(); } private void fooInternal(){ ... }; Always init, and make init a noop otherwise public void foo() { init(); ... } public void init() { if(!inited) { ... } } Silently init public void foo() { if (!inited) { init(); } ... } Most of these approaches are very verbose and decreases overall readability.

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  • Can a binary tree or tree be always represented in a Database table as 1 table and self-referencing?

    - by Jian Lin
    I didn't feel this rule before, but it seems that a binary tree or any tree (each node can have many children but children cannot point back to any parent), then this data structure can be represented as 1 table in a database, with each row having an ID for itself and a parentID that points back to the parent node. That is in fact the classical Employee - Manager diagram: one boss can have many people under him... and each person under him can have n people under him, etc. This is a tree structure and is represented in database books as a common example as a single table Employee.

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  • Alternatives to static methods on interfaces for enforcing consistency

    - by jayshao
    In Java, I'd like to be able to define marker interfaces, that forced implementations to provide static methods. For example, for simple text-serialization/deserialization I'd like to be able to define an interface that looked something like this: public interface TextTransformable<T>{ public static T fromText(String text); public String toText(); Since interfaces in Java can't contain static methods though (as noted in a number of other posts/threads: here, here, and here this code doesn't work. What I'm looking for however is some reasonable paradigm to express the same intent, namely symmetric methods, one of which is static, and enforced by the compiler. Right now the best we can come up with is some kind of static factory object or generic factory, neither of which is really satisfactory. Note: in our case our primary use-case is we have many, many "value-object" types - enums, or other objects that have a limited number of values, typically carry no state beyond their value, and which we parse/de-parse thousands of time a second, so actually do care about reusing instances (like Float, Integer, etc.) and its impact on memory consumption/g.c. Any thoughts?

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  • Where are the readonly/const in .NET?

    - by acidzombie24
    In C++ you'll see void func(const T& t) everywhere. However, i havent seen anything similar in .NET. Why? I have notice a nice amount of parameters using struct. But i see no functions with readonly/const. In fact now that i tried it i couldnt use those keywords to make a function that promises to not modify a list being passed in. Is there no way to promise the caller that this function will never modify the contents of list? Is there no way to say to call code and say this list should never be modified? (I know i can clone the list or look at documentation but i like compile errors sometime)

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  • designing multi module J2EE application

    - by user728947
    Might be my question is abstract or out of context, but i am asking here since i have little idea how this happens. I am wondering how big application/ platform break down there application in to multiple module and how they able to manage modules dependencies. For example in some E-commerce application they tend to break down it in various modules like pricing,promotions,shipping.import/export and many more. when we develop those application we hardly think about the underlying modules and how they have been designed to provides functionalists. Most of those module are not web-applications but are standalone module and not deployed in the web-app as jar files. can any one help me to understand how they break up things or is there any standard way to do this.any help/resources to get insight will really be helpful

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  • When should I use a struct instead of a class?

    - by Esteban Araya
    MSDN says that you should use structs when you need lightweight objects. Are there any other scenarios when a struct is preferable over a class? Edit: Some people have forgotten that: 1. structs can have methods! 2. structs have no inheritance capabilites. Another Edit: I understand the technical differences, I just don't have a good feel for WHEN to use a struct.

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  • Inheritence and usage of dynamic_cast

    - by Mewzer
    Hello, Suppose I have 3 classes as follows (as this is an example, it will not compile!): class Base { public: Base(){} virtual ~Base(){} virtual void DoSomething() = 0; virtual void DoSomethingElse() = 0; }; class Derived1 { public: Derived1(){} virtual ~Derived1(){} virtual void DoSomething(){ ... } virtual void DoSomethingElse(){ ... } virtual void SpecialD1DoSomething{ ... } }; class Derived2 { public: Derived2(){} virtual ~Derived2(){} virtual void DoSomething(){ ... } virtual void DoSomethingElse(){ ... } virtual void SpecialD2DoSomething{ ... } }; I want to create an instance of Derived1 or Derived2 depending on some setting that is not available until run-time. As I cannot determine the derived type until run-time, then do you think the following is bad practice?... class X { public: .... void GetConfigurationValue() { .... // Get configuration setting, I need a "Derived1" b = new Derived1(); // Now I want to call the special DoSomething for Derived1 (dynamic_cast<Derived1*>(b))->SpecialD1DoSomething(); } private: Base* b; }; I have generally read that usage of dynamic_cast is bad, but as I said, I don't know which type to create until run-time. Please help!

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  • postgresql duplicate table names best practice

    - by veilig
    My company has a handful of apps that we deploy in the websites we build. Recently a very old app needed to be included along side a newer app and there was a conflict w/ a duplicate table name needed to be used by both apps. We are now in the process of updating an old app and there will be some DB updates. I'm curious what people consider best practice (or how do you do it) to help ensure these name collisions don't happen. I've looked at schema's but not sure if thats the right path we want to take. As the documentation prescribes, I don't want to "wire" a particular schema name into an application and if I add schema's to the user search path how would it know which table I was referring to if two schema's have the same table name. although, maybe I'm reading to much into this. Any insights or words of wisdom would be greatly appreciated!

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  • Repository, Service or Domain object - where does logic belong?

    - by betitall
    Take this simple, contrived example: UserRepository.GetAllUsers(); UserRepository.GetUserById(); Inevitably, I will have more complex "queries", such as: //returns users where active=true, deleted=false, and confirmed = true GetActiveUsers(); I'm having trouble determining where the responsibility of the repository ends. GetActiveUsers() represents a simple "query". Does it belong in the repository? How about something that involves a bit of logic, such as: //activate the user, set the activationCode to "used", etc. ActivateUser(string activationCode);

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  • What would be a good starting point for development of a 3D application for representation of struct

    - by Lela Dax
    I was thinking QT on OpenGL. Multiplatform ability and being able to be closed (at no cost) at a later point would be important points. But I'm very interested in finding a way that is not only viable but also has the least amount of reinvention of the wheel. e.g. "Why not Ogre? A ready powerful 3D engine without reinventing that part". But I'm very uncertain in what is the optimal collection of tools for that job.

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  • drawbacks of storing all ''things' in a central table

    - by naiquevin
    Hi, I am not sure if there is a term to describe this, but I have observed that content management systems store all kinds of data in a single table with their bare minimum properties while the meta data is stored in another table in form of key value pairs. for eg. everything (blog posts, pages, images, events etc) is stored in one table and considered as a post. I understand that this allows for abstraction and easy extensibility we are considering designing our new project this way. It is not exactly a CMS but we plan to keep adding modules to it in stages. Lets say initially there will be only posts and images on which comments can be posted. Later on we might add videos which will also have the commenting feature. what are the drawbacks of this approach ? and will it work for a requirement like ours ? Thanks

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  • Separating code logic from the actual data structures. Best practices?

    - by Patrick
    I have an application that loads lots of data into memory (this is because it needs to perform some mathematical simulation on big data sets). This data comes from several database tables, that all refer to each other. The consistency rules on the data are rather complex, and looking up all the relevant data requires quite some hashes and other additional data structures on the data. Problem is that this data may also be changed interactively by the user in a dialog. When the user presses the OK button, I want to perform all the checks to see that he didn't introduce inconsistencies in the data. In practice all the data needs to be checked at once, so I cannot update my data set incrementally and perform the checks one by one. However, all the checking code work on the actual data set loaded in memory, and use the hashing and other data structures. This means I have to do the following: Take the user's changes from the dialog Apply them to the big data set Perform the checks on the big data set Undo all the changes if the checks fail I don't like this solution since other threads are also continuously using the data set, and I don't want to halt them while performing the checks. Also, the undo means that the old situation needs to be put aside, which is also not possible. An alternative is to separate the checking code from the data set (and let it work on explicitly given data, e.g. coming from the dialog) but this means that the checking code cannot use hashing and other additional data structures, because they only work on the big data set, making the checks much slower. What is a good practice to check user's changes on complex data before applying them to the 'application's' data set?

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  • Java ORM related question - SQL Vs Google DB (Big Table?) GAE

    - by StackerFlow
    I was wondering about the following two options when one is not using SQL tables but ORM based DBs (Example - when you are using GAE) Would the second option be less efficient? Requirement: There is an object. The object has a collection of similar items. I need to store this object. Example, say the object is a tree and it has a collection of leaves. Option 1: Traditional SQL type structure: Table for the Tree (with TreeId as the identifier for a row in the Table.) Table for the Leaves (where each leaf has a TreeId and to show the leaves of a tree, I query all leaves where the TreeId is the Id of the tree.) Here, the Tree structure DOES NOT have a field with leaves. Option 2: ORM / GAE Tables: Using the same example above, I have an object for Tree where the object has a collection (Set/List in Java/C++) of leaves. I store and retrieve the Tree together with the leaves (as the leaves are implemented as a Set in the Tree object) My question is, will the second one be less efficient that the first option? If so, why? Are there other alternatives? Thank you!

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  • replicating master tables mapping in transaction tables

    - by NoDisplay
    I have three master tables for location information Country {ID, Name} State {ID, Name, CountryID} City {ID, Name, StateID} Now I have one transcation table called Person which hold the person name and his location information. My Question is shall I have only CityID in the Person table like this: Person {ID, Name, CityID}' And have view of join query which give me detail like "Person{ID,Name,City,State,Country}" or Shall I replicate the mapping Person {ID, Name, CityID, StateID, CountryID} Please suggest which do you feel is to be selected and why? if there is any other option available, please suggest. Thanks in advance.

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  • Architecture/pattern resources for small applications and tools

    - by s73v3r
    I was wondering if anyone had any resources or advice related to using architecture patterns like MVVM/MVC/MVP/etc on small applications and tools, as opposed to large, enterprisy ones. EDIT: Most of the information I see on application architecture is directed at large, enterprise applications. I'm just writing small programs and tools. As far as using these architecture patterns, is it generally worthwhile to go through the overhead of using an MVC/MVVM framework? Or would I be better off keeping it simple?

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  • Best way to load application settings

    - by enzom83
    A simple way to keep the settings of a Java application is represented by a text file with ".properties" extension containing the identifier of each setting associated with a specific value (this value may be a number, string, date, etc..). C# uses a similar approach, but the text file must be named "App.config". In both cases, in source code you must initialize a specific class for reading settings: this class has a method that returns the value (as string) associated with the specified setting identifier. // Java example Properties config = new Properties(); config.load(...); String valueStr = config.getProperty("listening-port"); // ... // C# example NameValueCollection setting = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings; string valueStr = setting["listening-port"]; // ... In both cases we should parse strings loaded from the configuration file and assign the ??converted values to the related typed objects (parsing errors could occur during this phase). After the parsing step, we must check that the setting values ??belong to a specific domain of validity: for example, the maximum size of a queue should be a positive value, some values ??may be related (example: min < max), and so on. Suppose that the application should load the settings as soon as it starts: in other words, the first operation performed by the application is to load the settings. Any invalid values for the settings ??must be replaced automatically with default values??: if this happens to a group of related settings, those settings are all set with default values. The easiest way to perform these operations is to create a method that first parses all the settings, then checks the loaded values ??and finally sets any default values??. However maintenance is difficult if you use this approach: as the number of settings increases while developing the application, it becomes increasingly difficult to update the code. In order to solve this problem, I had thought of using the Template Method pattern, as follows. public abstract class Setting { protected abstract bool TryParseValues(); protected abstract bool CheckValues(); public abstract void SetDefaultValues(); /// <summary> /// Template Method /// </summary> public bool TrySetValuesOrDefault() { if (!TryParseValues() || !CheckValues()) { // parsing error or domain error SetDefaultValues(); return false; } return true; } } public class RangeSetting : Setting { private string minStr, maxStr; private byte min, max; public RangeSetting(string minStr, maxStr) { this.minStr = minStr; this.maxStr = maxStr; } protected override bool TryParseValues() { return (byte.TryParse(minStr, out min) && byte.TryParse(maxStr, out max)); } protected override bool CheckValues() { return (0 < min && min < max); } public override void SetDefaultValues() { min = 5; max = 10; } } The problem is that in this way we need to create a new class for each setting, even for a single value. Are there other solutions to this kind of problem? In summary: Easy maintenance: for example, the addition of one or more parameters. Extensibility: a first version of the application could read a single configuration file, but later versions may give the possibility of a multi-user setup (admin sets up a basic configuration, users can set only certain settings, etc..). Object oriented design.

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  • How can I implement a database TableView like thing in C++?

    - by Industrial-antidepressant
    How can I implement a TableView like thing in C++? I want to emulating a tiny relation database like thing in C++. I have data tables, and I want to transform it somehow, so I need a TableView like class. I want filtering, sorting, freely add and remove items and transforming (ex. view as UPPERCASE and so on). The whole thing is inside a GUI application, so datatables and views are attached to a GUI (or HTML or something). So how can I identify an item in the view? How can I signal it when the table is changed? Is there some design pattern for this? Here is a simple table, and a simple data item: #include <string> #include <boost/multi_index_container.hpp> #include <boost/multi_index/member.hpp> #include <boost/multi_index/ordered_index.hpp> #include <boost/multi_index/random_access_index.hpp> using boost::multi_index_container; using namespace boost::multi_index; struct Data { Data() {} int id; std::string name; }; struct row{}; struct id{}; struct name{}; typedef boost::multi_index_container< Data, indexed_by< random_access<tag<row> >, ordered_unique<tag<id>, member<Data, int, &Data::id> >, ordered_unique<tag<name>, member<Data, std::string, &Data::name> > > > TDataTable; class DataTable { public: typedef Data item_type; typedef TDataTable::value_type value_type; typedef TDataTable::const_reference const_reference; typedef TDataTable::index<row>::type TRowIndex; typedef TDataTable::index<id>::type TIdIndex; typedef TDataTable::index<name>::type TNameIndex; typedef TRowIndex::iterator iterator; DataTable() : row_index(rule_table.get<row>()), id_index(rule_table.get<id>()), name_index(rule_table.get<name>()), row_index_writeable(rule_table.get<row>()) { } TDataTable::const_reference operator[](TDataTable::size_type n) const { return rule_table[n]; } std::pair<iterator,bool> push_back(const value_type& x) { return row_index_writeable.push_back(x); } iterator erase(iterator position) { return row_index_writeable.erase(position); } bool replace(iterator position,const value_type& x) { return row_index_writeable.replace(position, x); } template<typename InputIterator> void rearrange(InputIterator first) { return row_index_writeable.rearrange(first); } void print_table() const; unsigned size() const { return row_index.size(); } TDataTable rule_table; const TRowIndex& row_index; const TIdIndex& id_index; const TNameIndex& name_index; private: TRowIndex& row_index_writeable; }; class DataTableView { DataTableView(const DataTable& source_table) {} // How can I implement this? // I want filtering, sorting, signaling upper GUI layer, and sorting, and ... }; int main() { Data data1; data1.id = 1; data1.name = "name1"; Data data2; data2.id = 2; data2.name = "name2"; DataTable table; table.push_back(data1); DataTable::iterator it1 = table.row_index.iterator_to(table[0]); table.erase(it1); table.push_back(data1); Data new_data(table[0]); new_data.name = "new_name"; table.replace(table.row_index.iterator_to(table[0]), new_data); for (unsigned i = 0; i < table.size(); ++i) std::cout << table[i].name << std::endl; #if 0 // using scenarios: DataTableView table_view(table); table_view.fill_from_source(); // synchronization with source table_view.remove(data_item1); // remove item from view table_view.add(data_item2); // add item from source table table_view.filter(filterfunc); // filtering table_view.sort(sortfunc); // sorting // modifying from source_able, hot to signal the table_view? // FYI: Table view is atteched to a GUI item table.erase(data); table.replace(data); #endif return 0; }

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  • Django - The included urlconf doesn't have any patterns in it

    - by unsorted
    My website, which was working before, suddenly started breaking with the error "ImproperlyConfigured at / The included urlconf resume.urls doesn't have any patterns in it" The project base is called resume. In settings.py I have set ROOT_URLCONF = 'resume.urls' Here's my resume.urls, which sits in the project root directory. from django.conf.urls.defaults import * # Uncomment the next two lines to enable the admin: from django.contrib import admin admin.autodiscover() urlpatterns = patterns('', # Example: # (r'^resume/', include('resume.foo.urls')), # Uncomment the admin/doc line below and add 'django.contrib.admindocs' # to INSTALLED_APPS to enable admin documentation: (r'^admin/doc/', include('django.contrib.admindocs.urls')), # Uncomment the next line to enable the admin: (r'^admin/', include(admin.site.urls)), (r'^accounts/login/$', 'django.contrib.auth.views.login'), #(r'^employer/', include(students.urls)), (r'^ajax/', include('urls.ajax')), (r'^student/', include('students.urls')), (r'^club/(?P<object_id>\d+)/$', 'resume.students.views.club_detail'), (r'^company/(?P<object_id>\d+)/$', 'resume.students.views.company_detail'), (r'^program/(?P<object_id>\d+)/$', 'resume.students.views.program_detail'), (r'^course/(?P<object_id>\d+)/$', 'resume.students.views.course_detail'), (r'^career/(?P<object_id>\d+)/$', 'resume.students.views.career_detail'), (r'^site_media/(?P<path>.*)$', 'django.views.static.serve', {'document_root': 'C:/code/django/resume/media'}), ) I have a folder called urls and a file ajax.py inside. (I also created a blank init.py in the same folder so that urls would be recognized.) This is ajax.py. from django.conf.urls.defaults import * urlpatterns = patterns('', (r'^star/(?P<object_id>\d+)$', 'resume.students.ajax-calls.star'), ) Anyone know what's wrong? This is driving me crazy. Thanks,

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  • CQRS without using others patterns

    - by John Smith
    I would like to explain CQRS to my team of developers. I just can't figure out how to explain it in the simplest way so they can implement the pattern rapidly without any others frameworks. I've read a lot of resources including video and articles but I don't find how to implement CQRS without using others patterns like a service Bus, event sourcing pattern, domain driven design. I know the purpose of these pattern but for the first step, I don't want them to think CQRS and theses patterns must be tied together. My first idea is to say that CQRS is about separating the read part and the write part. The read part is composed only of the UI project, and DAL project. Then the write part is composed of a typical multilayer architecture: UI/BLL/DAL. Then, does CQRS say we must also have two datastore ? What about the notion of commands which reveal the user's intention, is it also something part of CQRS or DDD ? Basically, how to implement CQRS without using others patterns. I concede it's also not that clear in my mind because I've used to work with NCQRS/DDD/Event Sourcing/ServiceBus in my personal project. Thanks

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  • What makes them click ?

    - by Piet
    The other day (well, actually some weeks ago while relaxing at the beach in Kos) I read ‘Neuro Web Design - What makes them click?’ by Susan Weinschenk. (http://neurowebbook.com) The book is a fast and easy read (no unnecessary filler) and a good introduction on how your site’s visitors can be steered in the direction you want them to go. The Obvious The book handles some of the more known/proven techniques, like for example that ratings/testimonials of other people can help sell your product or service. Another well known technique it talks about is inducing a sense of scarcity/urgency in the visitor. Only 2 seats left! Buy now and get 33% off! It’s not because these are known techniques that they stop working. Luckily 2/3rd of the book handles less obvious techniques, otherwise it wouldn’t be worth buying. The Not So Obvious A less known influencing technique is reciprocity. And then I’m not talking about swapping links with another website, but the fact that someone is more likely to do something for you after you did something for them first. The book cites some studies (I always love the facts and figures) and gives some actual examples of how to implement this in your site’s design, which is less obvious when you think about it. Want to know more ? Buy the book! Other interesting sources For a more general introduction to the same principles, I’d suggest ‘Yes! 50 Secrets from the Science of Persuasion’. ‘Yes!…’ cites some of the same studies (it seems there’s a rather limited pool of studies covering this subject), but of course doesn’t show how to implement these techniques in your site’s design. I read ‘Yes!…’ last year, making ‘Neuro Web Design’ just a little bit less interesting. !!!Always make sure you’re able to measure your changes. If you haven’t yet, check out the advanced segmentation in Google Analytics (don’t be afraid because it says ‘beta’, it works just fine) and Google Website Optimizer. Worth Buying? Can I recommend it ? Sure, why not. I think it can be useful for anyone who ever had to think about the design or content of a site. You don’t have to be a marketing guy to want a site you’re involved with to be successful. The content/filler ratio is excellent too: you don’t need to wade through dozens of pages to filter out the interesting bits. (unlike ‘The Design of Sites’, which contains too much useless info and because it’s in dead-tree format, you can’t google it) If you like it, you might also check out ‘Yes! 50 Secrets from the Science of Persuasion’. Tip for people living in Europe: check Amazon UK for your book buying needs. Because of the low UK Pound exchange rate, it’s usually considerably cheaper and faster to get a book delivered to your doorstep by Amazon UK compared to having to order it at the local book store or web-shop.

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