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  • Ubuntu 12.04 server froze during the first boot after it was installed.

    - by user69021
    I installed Ubuntu server 12.04 to my new server and it failed on the first boot. It just stopped and I can't proceed any further. Server's specifications: Dell PowerEdge T620 CPU : Xeon E5-2665 2.4G x 2 RAM : 8GB RDIMM, 1333MHz x 12 HDD : 3TB Near Line SAS 7.2K x 8 RAID controller : PERC H710 GPU : NVIDIA Tesla C2075 x 4 I have a screenshot of the screen it stopped on but I cannot attach it because my privilege level is currently too low. ![freeze on boot][1] Here are the last messages while booting. [5.048743] Freeing unused kernel memory : 920k freed [5.049046] Write protecting the kernel read-only data : 12288k [5.052973] Freeing unused kernel memory : 1608k freed [5.056132] Freeing unused kernel memory : 1196k freed Loading, please wait... [5.070236] udevd[218]: starting version 175 Begin: Loading essential drivers ... done. Begin: Running /scripts/init-premount ... done. Begin: Mounting root file system ... Begin: Running /scripts/local-top ... done. [5.089030] megasas: 00.00.06.12-rc1 Wed. Oct. 5 17:00:00 PDT 2011 [5.089518] megasas: 0x1000:0x005b:0x1028:0x1f35: bus 1:slot 0:func 0 [5.089739] megaraid_sas 0000:01:00.0: PCI INT A -> GSI 34 (level, low) -> IRQ 34 [5.089937] megasas: FW now in Ready state [5.090427] dca service started, version 1.12.1 [5.091463] Intel(R) Gigabit Ethernet Network Driver - version 3.2.10-k [5.091578] Copyright (c) 2007-2011 Intel Corporation. [5.091712] igb 0000:06:00.0: PCI INT A -> GSI 16 (level,low) -> IRQ 16 [5.111090] megasas:IOC Init cmd success [5.123124] usb 1-1:new high-speed USB device number 2 using ehci_hcd What can I do about this?

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  • Bitmap Font Displays in Center Always Without Coding it Manually (Fix Coordinate Problem onText)

    - by David Dimalanta
    Is there a way on how to stay the texts in center without manually coding it or something, especially when making an update? I'm making a display for the highest score. Let's say that the score is 9. However, if the score is 9,999,999, the text displays still only at the fixed X and Y coordinate. Is there really a way to stay the text in center especially when there is changes when a player beats the new world record? Here's my code inside Sprite Batch: font.setScale(1.5f); font.draw(batch, "HIGHEST SCORE:", (900/10)*1 + 60, (1280/16)*10); font.draw(batch, "" + 9999999 + "", (900/10)*4, (1280/16)*8); batch.draw(grid_guide, 0, 0, 900, 1280); // --> For testing purpose only. // Where 9999999 is a new record score for example. Here's the image shown as example. I add it some red grid so that I could check if the display of score when updated will always display on center no matter how many digits takes place in. However, it is fixed, so I have to figure it out how to display it automatically on center regardless of the number of digits while updating for the new highscore. I have used the LibGDX preferences very well though to save and load records for the highscore.

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  • Processing Kinect v2 Color Streams in Parallel

    - by Chris Gardner
    Originally posted on: http://geekswithblogs.net/freestylecoding/archive/2014/08/20/processing-kinect-v2-color-streams-in-parallel.aspxProcessing Kinect v2 Color Streams in Parallel I've really been enjoying being a part of the Kinect for Windows Developer's Preview. The new hardware has some really impressive capabilities. However, with great power comes great system specs. Unfortunately, my little laptop that could is not 100% up to the task; I've had to get a little creative. The most disappointing thing I've run into is that I can't always cleanly display the color camera stream in managed code. I managed to strip the code down to what I believe is the bear minimum: using( ColorFrame _ColorFrame = e.FrameReference.AcquireFrame() ) { if( null == _ColorFrame ) return;   BitmapToDisplay.Lock(); _ColorFrame.CopyConvertedFrameDataToIntPtr( BitmapToDisplay.BackBuffer, Convert.ToUInt32( BitmapToDisplay.BackBufferStride * BitmapToDisplay.PixelHeight ), ColorImageFormat.Bgra ); BitmapToDisplay.AddDirtyRect( new Int32Rect( 0, 0, _ColorFrame.FrameDescription.Width, _ColorFrame.FrameDescription.Height ) ); BitmapToDisplay.Unlock(); } With this snippet, I'm placing the converted Bgra32 color stream directly on the BackBuffer of the WriteableBitmap. This gives me pretty smooth playback, but I still get the occasional freeze for half a second. After a bit of profiling, I discovered there were a few problems. The first problem is the size of the buffer along with the conversion on the buffer. At this time, the raw image format of the data from the Kinect is Yuy2. This is great for direct video processing. It would be ideal if I had a WriteableVideo object in WPF. However, this is not the case. Further digging led me to the real problem. It appears that the SDK is converting the input serially. Let's think about this for a second. The color camera is a 1080p camera. As we should all know, this give us a native resolution of 1920 x 1080. This produces 2,073,600 pixels. Yuy2 uses 4 bytes per 2 pixel, for a buffer size of 4,147,200 bytes. Bgra32 uses 4 bytes per pixel, for a buffer size of 8,294,400 bytes. The SDK appears to be doing this on one thread. I started wondering if I chould do this better myself. I mean, I have 8 cores in my system. Why can't I use them all? The first problem is converting a Yuy2 frame into a Bgra32 frame. It is NOT trivial. I spent a day of research of just how to do this. In the end, I didn't even produce the best algorithm possible, but it did work. After I managed to get that to work, I knew my next step was the get the conversion operation off the UI Thread. This was a simple process of throwing the work into a Task. Of course, this meant I had to marshal the final write to the WriteableBitmap back to the UI thread. Finally, I needed to vectorize the operation so I could run it safely in parallel. This was, mercifully, not quite as hard as I thought it would be. I had my loop return an index to a pair of pixels. From there, I had to tell the loop to do everything for this pair of pixels. If you're wondering why I did it for pairs of pixels, look back above at the specification for the Yuy2 format. I won't go into full detail on why each 4 bytes contains 2 pixels of information, but rest assured that there is a reason why the format is described in that way. The first working attempt at this algorithm successfully turned my poor laptop into a space heater. I very quickly brought and maintained all 8 cores up to about 97% usage. That's when I remembered that obscure option in the Task Parallel Library where you could limit the amount of parallelism used. After a little trial and error, I discovered 4 parallel tasks was enough for most cases. This yielded the follow code: private byte ClipToByte( int p_ValueToClip ) { return Convert.ToByte( ( p_ValueToClip < byte.MinValue ) ? byte.MinValue : ( ( p_ValueToClip > byte.MaxValue ) ? byte.MaxValue : p_ValueToClip ) ); }   private void ColorFrameArrived( object sender, ColorFrameArrivedEventArgs e ) { if( null == e.FrameReference ) return;   // If you do not dispose of the frame, you never get another one... using( ColorFrame _ColorFrame = e.FrameReference.AcquireFrame() ) { if( null == _ColorFrame ) return;   byte[] _InputImage = new byte[_ColorFrame.FrameDescription.LengthInPixels * _ColorFrame.FrameDescription.BytesPerPixel]; byte[] _OutputImage = new byte[BitmapToDisplay.BackBufferStride * BitmapToDisplay.PixelHeight]; _ColorFrame.CopyRawFrameDataToArray( _InputImage );   Task.Factory.StartNew( () => { ParallelOptions _ParallelOptions = new ParallelOptions(); _ParallelOptions.MaxDegreeOfParallelism = 4;   Parallel.For( 0, Sensor.ColorFrameSource.FrameDescription.LengthInPixels / 2, _ParallelOptions, ( _Index ) => { // See http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/dd206750(v=vs.85).aspx int _Y0 = _InputImage[( _Index << 2 ) + 0] - 16; int _U = _InputImage[( _Index << 2 ) + 1] - 128; int _Y1 = _InputImage[( _Index << 2 ) + 2] - 16; int _V = _InputImage[( _Index << 2 ) + 3] - 128;   byte _R = ClipToByte( ( 298 * _Y0 + 409 * _V + 128 ) >> 8 ); byte _G = ClipToByte( ( 298 * _Y0 - 100 * _U - 208 * _V + 128 ) >> 8 ); byte _B = ClipToByte( ( 298 * _Y0 + 516 * _U + 128 ) >> 8 );   _OutputImage[( _Index << 3 ) + 0] = _B; _OutputImage[( _Index << 3 ) + 1] = _G; _OutputImage[( _Index << 3 ) + 2] = _R; _OutputImage[( _Index << 3 ) + 3] = 0xFF; // A   _R = ClipToByte( ( 298 * _Y1 + 409 * _V + 128 ) >> 8 ); _G = ClipToByte( ( 298 * _Y1 - 100 * _U - 208 * _V + 128 ) >> 8 ); _B = ClipToByte( ( 298 * _Y1 + 516 * _U + 128 ) >> 8 );   _OutputImage[( _Index << 3 ) + 4] = _B; _OutputImage[( _Index << 3 ) + 5] = _G; _OutputImage[( _Index << 3 ) + 6] = _R; _OutputImage[( _Index << 3 ) + 7] = 0xFF; } );   Application.Current.Dispatcher.Invoke( () => { BitmapToDisplay.WritePixels( new Int32Rect( 0, 0, Sensor.ColorFrameSource.FrameDescription.Width, Sensor.ColorFrameSource.FrameDescription.Height ), _OutputImage, BitmapToDisplay.BackBufferStride, 0 ); } ); } ); } } This seemed to yield a results I wanted, but there was still the occasional stutter. This lead to what I realized was the second problem. There is a race condition between the UI Thread and me locking the WriteableBitmap so I can write the next frame. Again, I'm writing approximately 8MB to the back buffer. Then, I started thinking I could cheat. The Kinect is running at 30 frames per second. The WPF UI Thread runs at 60 frames per second. This made me not feel bad about exploiting the Composition Thread. I moved the bulk of the code from the FrameArrived handler into CompositionTarget.Rendering. Once I was in there, I polled from a frame, and rendered it if it existed. Since, in theory, I'm only killing the Composition Thread every other hit, I decided I was ok with this for cases where silky smooth video performance REALLY mattered. This ode looked like this: private byte ClipToByte( int p_ValueToClip ) { return Convert.ToByte( ( p_ValueToClip < byte.MinValue ) ? byte.MinValue : ( ( p_ValueToClip > byte.MaxValue ) ? byte.MaxValue : p_ValueToClip ) ); }   void CompositionTarget_Rendering( object sender, EventArgs e ) { using( ColorFrame _ColorFrame = FrameReader.AcquireLatestFrame() ) { if( null == _ColorFrame ) return;   byte[] _InputImage = new byte[_ColorFrame.FrameDescription.LengthInPixels * _ColorFrame.FrameDescription.BytesPerPixel]; byte[] _OutputImage = new byte[BitmapToDisplay.BackBufferStride * BitmapToDisplay.PixelHeight]; _ColorFrame.CopyRawFrameDataToArray( _InputImage );   ParallelOptions _ParallelOptions = new ParallelOptions(); _ParallelOptions.MaxDegreeOfParallelism = 4;   Parallel.For( 0, Sensor.ColorFrameSource.FrameDescription.LengthInPixels / 2, _ParallelOptions, ( _Index ) => { // See http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/dd206750(v=vs.85).aspx int _Y0 = _InputImage[( _Index << 2 ) + 0] - 16; int _U = _InputImage[( _Index << 2 ) + 1] - 128; int _Y1 = _InputImage[( _Index << 2 ) + 2] - 16; int _V = _InputImage[( _Index << 2 ) + 3] - 128;   byte _R = ClipToByte( ( 298 * _Y0 + 409 * _V + 128 ) >> 8 ); byte _G = ClipToByte( ( 298 * _Y0 - 100 * _U - 208 * _V + 128 ) >> 8 ); byte _B = ClipToByte( ( 298 * _Y0 + 516 * _U + 128 ) >> 8 );   _OutputImage[( _Index << 3 ) + 0] = _B; _OutputImage[( _Index << 3 ) + 1] = _G; _OutputImage[( _Index << 3 ) + 2] = _R; _OutputImage[( _Index << 3 ) + 3] = 0xFF; // A   _R = ClipToByte( ( 298 * _Y1 + 409 * _V + 128 ) >> 8 ); _G = ClipToByte( ( 298 * _Y1 - 100 * _U - 208 * _V + 128 ) >> 8 ); _B = ClipToByte( ( 298 * _Y1 + 516 * _U + 128 ) >> 8 );   _OutputImage[( _Index << 3 ) + 4] = _B; _OutputImage[( _Index << 3 ) + 5] = _G; _OutputImage[( _Index << 3 ) + 6] = _R; _OutputImage[( _Index << 3 ) + 7] = 0xFF; } );   BitmapToDisplay.WritePixels( new Int32Rect( 0, 0, Sensor.ColorFrameSource.FrameDescription.Width, Sensor.ColorFrameSource.FrameDescription.Height ), _OutputImage, BitmapToDisplay.BackBufferStride, 0 ); } }

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  • Java: How to Make a Player Class in a Tile-Based RPG

    - by A.K.
    So I've been following a JavaHub tutorial that basically uses a pixel engine similar to MiniCraft. I've attempted to make a Player Class as such, and I'm basically making a mock Pokemon game for learning's sake: package pokemon.entity; import java.awt.Rectangle; import pokemon.gfx.Screen; import pokemon.levelgen.Tile; import pokemon.entity.SpritesManage;; public class Player { int x, y; int vx, vy; public Rectangle AshRec; public Sprite AshSprite; Screen screen; Sprite[][] AshSheet; public Player() { AshSprite = SpritesManage.AshSheet[1][0]; AshRec = new Rectangle(0, 0, 16, 16); x = 0; y = 0; vx = 1; vy = 1; screen.renderSprite(0, 0, AshSprite); } public void update() { move(); checkCollision(); } private void checkCollision() { } private void move() { AshRec.x += vx; AshRec.y += vy; } public void render(Screen screen, int x, int y) { screen.renderSprite(x, y, AshSprite); } } I guess what I really want to do is have the Player centered in the screen and have the sprite drawn based on an Input Handler. I'm just stumped as to how to sync these together.

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  • X-notifier doesn't work in Chromium Browser

    - by cipricus
    It just keeps checking in vain. Also cannot import or export data, but get this error I use the latest versions of both in Lubuntu 12.04. In Google Chrome it works. What could it be the problem? Edit - following vasa1's comment - running sudo aa-status i get apparmor module is loaded. 16 profiles are loaded. 16 profiles are in enforce mode. /sbin/dhclient /usr/bin/evince /usr/bin/evince-previewer /usr/bin/evince-previewer//launchpad_integration /usr/bin/evince-previewer//sanitized_helper /usr/bin/evince-thumbnailer /usr/bin/evince-thumbnailer//sanitized_helper /usr/bin/evince//launchpad_integration /usr/bin/evince//sanitized_helper /usr/lib/NetworkManager/nm-dhcp-client.action /usr/lib/connman/scripts/dhclient-script /usr/lib/cups/backend/cups-pdf /usr/lib/lightdm/lightdm/lightdm-guest-session-wrapper /usr/sbin/cupsd /usr/sbin/ntpd /usr/sbin/tcpdump 0 profiles are in complain mode. 3 processes have profiles defined. 3 processes are in enforce mode. /sbin/dhclient (1562) /usr/sbin/cupsd (916) /usr/sbin/ntpd (1695) 0 processes are in complain mode. 0 processes are unconfined but have a profile defined.

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  • Wireless drivers

    - by Kencer
    The results for my laptop are as below. How will i install wireless drivers and graphics? $ lspci 00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation 2nd Generation Core Processor Family DRAM Controller (rev 09) 00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation 2nd Generation Core Processor Family Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 09) 00:14.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation Panther Point USB xHCI Host Controller (rev 04) 00:16.0 Communication controller: Intel Corporation Panther Point MEI Controller #1 (rev 04) 00:1a.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation Panther Point USB Enhanced Host Controller #2 (rev 04) 00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation Panther Point High Definition Audio Controller (rev 04) 00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Panther Point PCI Express Root Port 1 (rev c4) 00:1c.1 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Panther Point PCI Express Root Port 2 (rev c4) 00:1c.3 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Panther Point PCI Express Root Port 4 (rev c4) 00:1d.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation Panther Point USB Enhanced Host Controller #1 (rev 04) 00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation Panther Point LPC Controller (rev 04) 00:1f.2 SATA controller: Intel Corporation Panther Point 6 port SATA Controller [AHCI mode] (rev 04) 00:1f.3 SMBus: Intel Corporation Panther Point SMBus Controller (rev 04) 02:00.0 Network controller: Broadcom Corporation Device 4365 (rev 01) 03:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168B PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet controller (rev 07) $ sudo lshw -c network *-network UNCLAIMED description: Network controller product: Broadcom Corporation vendor: Broadcom Corporation physical id: 0 bus info: pci@0000:02:00.0 version: 01 width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list configuration: latency=0 resources: memory:f0500000-f0507fff *-network description: Ethernet interface product: RTL8111/8168B PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet controller vendor: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. physical id: 0 bus info: pci@0000:03:00.0 logical name: eth0 version: 07 serial: 3c:97:0e:85:c0:0d size: 100Mbit/s capacity: 1Gbit/s width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm msi pciexpress msix vpd bus_master cap_list ethernet physical tp mii 10bt 10bt-fd 100bt 100bt-fd 1000bt 1000bt-fd autonegotiation configuration: autonegotiation=on broadcast=yes driver=r8169 driverversion=2.3LK-NAPI duplex=full firmware=rtl8168e-3_0.0.4 03/27/12 ip=172.16.96.36 latency=0 link=yes multicast=yes port=MII speed=100Mbit/s resources: irq:43 ioport:2000(size=256) memory:f0404000-f0404fff memory:f0400000-f0403fff $ rfkill list all 0: tpacpi_bluetooth_sw: Bluetooth Soft blocked: no Hard blocked: no

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  • Mplayer not working after update

    - by R. Morgenstern
    After an update with update-manager in Unbuntu 12.04, Mplayer is not working anymore. It needs ffmpeg, but it can't be installed due to unmet dependencies. I added a ppa for fmpeg, but did not solve the problem. see output: Python (v2.7) requires to install .... GStreamer ffmpeg video plugin. Codecs to play mpeg, divx, mpeg4, ac3, wmv and asf files. Using Install, I get an error messages that it can't be installed due to unmet dependencies. see list below. How can I fix this problem? Thanks in advance for guidance. Renate The following packages have unmet dependencies: gstreamer0.10-ffmpeg: Depends: libavcodec-extra-53 (>= 4:0.7.3-1) but 4:0.8.3ubuntu0.12.04.1 is to be installed Depends: libavformat-extra-53 (>= 4:0.7.3-1) but 4:0.8.3ubuntu0.12.04.1 is to be installed Depends: libavutil-extra-51 (>= 4:0.7.3-1) but 6:0.10.4.0ubuntu0jon2.2 is to be installed Depends: libc6 (>= 2.7) but 2.15-0ubuntu10 is to be installed Depends: libglib2.0-0 (>= 2.31.2) but 2.32.3-0ubuntu1 is to be installed Depends: libgstreamer-plugins-base0.10-0 (>= 0.10.31) but 0.10.36-1 is to be installed Depends: libgstreamer0.10-0 (>= 0.10.31) but 0.10.36-1ubuntu1 is to be installed Depends: liborc-0.4-0 (>= 1:0.4.16) but 1:0.4.16-1ubuntu2 is to be installed Depends: libpostproc-extra-52 (>= 4:0.7.3-1) but 4:0.8.3ubuntu0.12.04.1 is to be installed Depends: libswscale-extra-2 (>= 4:0.7.3-1) but 4:0.8.3ubuntu0.12.04.1 is to be installed

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  • 2D Camera Acceleration/Lag

    - by Cyral
    I have a nice camera set up for my 2D xna game. Im wondering how I should make the camera have 'acceleration' or 'lag' so it smoothly follows the player, instead of 'exactly' like mine does now. Im thinking somehow I need to Lerp the values when I set CameraPosition. Heres my code private void ScrollCamera(Viewport viewport) { float ViewMargin = .35f; float marginWidth = viewport.Width * ViewMargin; float marginLeft = cameraPosition.X + marginWidth; float marginRight = cameraPosition.X + viewport.Width - marginWidth; float TopMargin = .3f; float BottomMargin = .1f; float marginTop = cameraPosition.Y + viewport.Height * TopMargin; float marginBottom = cameraPosition.Y + viewport.Height - viewport.Height * BottomMargin; Vector2 CameraMovement; Vector2 maxCameraPosition; CameraMovement.X = 0.0f; if (Player.Position.X < marginLeft) CameraMovement.X = Player.Position.X - marginLeft; else if (Player.Position.X > marginRight) CameraMovement.X = Player.Position.X - marginRight; maxCameraPosition.X = 16 * Width - viewport.Width; cameraPosition.X = MathHelper.Clamp(cameraPosition.X + CameraMovement.X, 0.0f, maxCameraPosition.X); CameraMovement.Y = 0.0f; if (Player.Position.Y < marginTop) //above the top margin CameraMovement.Y = Player.Position.Y - marginTop; else if (Player.Position.Y > marginBottom) //below the bottom margin CameraMovement.Y = Player.Position.Y - marginBottom; maxCameraPosition.Y = 16 * Height - viewport.Height; cameraPosition.Y = MathHelper.Clamp(cameraPosition.Y + CameraMovement.Y, 0.0f, maxCameraPosition.Y); }

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  • Ubuntu 14.04: Fine tuning Touchpad for ThinkPad S431

    - by ramgorur
    I am using Ubuntu 14.04 on Lenovo ThinkPad S431. The touchpad is very bumpy, tricky to use. Slides down with a small touch, sometimes jerks erratically. I have tried to modify the settings in /usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d/50-synaptics.conf file as below -- Section "InputClass" Identifier "touchpad catchall" Driver "synaptics" MatchIsTouchpad "on" MatchDevicePath "/dev/input/event*" Option "JumpyCursorThreshold" "250" Option "VertResolution" "100" # Option "HorizResolution" "65" # Option "MinSpeed" "1" # Option "MaxSpeed" "1" # Option "AccelerationProfile" "1" # Option "AdaptiveDeceleration" "8" # Option "ConstantDeceleration" "1" # Option "VelocityScale" "128" Option "HorizHysteresis" "150" Option "VertHysteresis" "150" EndSection There are lots of options here, does anyone know how to get a fine-tuned values for the above options (for ThinkPad S431)? The Hysteresis values seems to alleviate the problem a little bit, but failed to get a perfect result. EDIT: According to this bug report for ThinkPad X230 (+X230t), I set these values and quite good for now -- Option "VertResolution" "100" Option "HorizResolution" "65" Option "MinSpeed" "1" Option "MaxSpeed" "1" Option "AccelerationProfile" "2" Option "AdaptiveDeceleration" "16" Option "ConstantDeceleration" "16" Option "VelocityScale" "32" Option "HorizHysteresis" "50" Option "VertHysteresis" "50" and then you need to increase the cursor speed manually from the Unity mouse settings. But I am still looking for a fully functional (possibly with all the gestures) and a fine-tuned touchpad settings for S431. Further help is appreciated.

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  • Find possible variations of one item out of multiple baskets.

    - by tugberk
    I have three baskets of balls and each of them has 10 balls which have the following numbers: Basket 1: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 Basket 2: 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20 Basket 3: 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30 What would be the possible variations If I were to pick one ball from each basket? I guess this is called as Probability in Mathematics but not sure. How would you write this code in C# (or any other programming language) to get the correct results? Edit: Based on @Kilian Foth's comment, here is the solution in C#: class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { IEnumerable<string> basket1 = new List<string> { "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8", "9", "10" }; IEnumerable<string> basket2 = new List<string> { "11", "12", "13", "14", "15", "16", "17", "18", "19", "20" }; IEnumerable<string> basket3 = new List<string> { "21", "22", "23", "24", "25", "26", "27", "28", "29", "30" }; foreach (var item1 in basket1) foreach (var item2 in basket2) foreach (var item3 in basket3) { Console.WriteLine("{0}, {1}, {2}", item1, item2, item3); } Console.ReadLine(); } }

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  • M-Audio Delta 1010LT on 12.04

    - by user74039
    I have 12.04 64bit installed, my soundcard is a Delta 1010LT, it seems to be partially detected, I've been following steps here: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/SoundTroubleshooting/ lspci -v | grep -A7 -i "audio" shows this: 04:07.0 Multimedia audio controller: VIA Technologies Inc. ICE1712 [Envy24] PCI Multi-Channel I/O Controller (rev 02) Subsystem: VIA Technologies Inc. M-Audio Delta 1010LT Flags: bus master, medium devsel, latency 64, IRQ 22 I/O ports at ec00 [size=32] I/O ports at e880 [size=16] I/O ports at e800 [size=16] I/O ports at e480 [size=64] Capabilities: <access denied> Kernel driver in use: snd_ice1712 aplay shows this: **** List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices **** card 0: M1010LT [M Audio Delta 1010LT], device 0: ICE1712 multi [ICE1712 multi] Subdevices: 1/1 Subdevice #0: subdevice #0 In the sound settings on the desktop all I see is the ICE1712 S/PDIF, which I don't use, I want to use the individual outputs on the card, I'm not so bothered about inputs, I just want the playback for now. If I open alsamixer in the console, I see all of the output and input channels, i've raised the volume on them but I don't get anything in the sound settings on the desktop and when I play any sound, I hear nothing. Can someone help?

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  • OSSEC HIDS Notification "Unknown problem somewhere in the system." (seems like hdd issue)

    - by John
    from what i understand somethings is wrong with hdd i am trying to find some commands in order to run some tests to check if hard disk is OK I will post a full list of logs after REBOOT of system: "Unknown problem somewhere in the system." kernel: ata2.00: failed command: READ FPDMA QUEUED kernel: res 51/40:c8:38:5c:16/00:00:00:00:00/40 Emask 0x409 (media error) <F> kernel: ata2.00: error: { UNC } kernel: ata2.00: failed command: READ FPDMA QUEUED kernel: res 51/40:78:88:5c:16/00:00:00:00:00/40 Emask 0x409 (media error) <F> kernel: sd 1:0:0:0: [sda] Sense Key : Medium Error [current] [descriptor] kernel: sd 1:0:0:0: [sda] Add. Sense: Unrecovered read error - auto reallocate failed kernel: md/raid1:md1: read error corrected (8 sectors at 1461400 on sda1) kernel: sd 1:0:0:0: [sda] Add. Sense: Unrecovered read error - auto reallocate failed kernel: sd 1:0:0:0: [sda] Add. Sense: Unrecovered read error - auto reallocate failed kernel: md/raid1:md1: read error corrected (8 sectors at 1461672 on sda1) Also some of this logs are duplicate or even more. Thanks.

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  • How do I configure an Intel HD Graphics 4000?

    - by derabbink
    First off, please note that last night I already posted this question to a launchpad mailing list, so this could be considered a cross post. However, I think this is a better place to ask the same question The question: How can I configure my Ubuntu 12.04, with upgraded kernel (3.6), to use the Intel HD Graphics 4000 adapter? (Intel HD 4000 is the standard of 3rd gen Intel Core i7 (Ivy Bridge) graphics adapter) Some output: $ glxinfo name of display: :0 X Error of failed request: BadRequest (invalid request code or no such operation) Major opcode of failed request: 154 (GLX) Minor opcode of failed request: 19 (X_GLXQueryServerString) Serial number of failed request: 12 Current serial number in output stream: 12 $ cat /etc/X11/xorg.conf this is probably the farthest from what it should be Section "Screen" Identifier "Default Screen" DefaultDepth 24 EndSection Section "Module" Load "glx" EndSection $ lspci I only listed the line I think are relevant. If you want more info in order to help me, please comment :) 00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation Ivy Bridge Graphics Controller (rev 09) 00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation Panther Point High Definition Audio Controller (rev 04) 16:00.0 VGA compatible controller: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] nee ATI Whistler XT [AMD Radeon HD 6700M Series] 16:00.1 Audio device: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] nee ATI Turks HDMI Audio [Radeon HD 6000 Series]

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  • Trying to wrap my head around class structure for domain-specific language

    - by svaha
    My work is mostly in embedded systems programming in C, and the proper class structure to pull this off eludes me. Currently we communicate via C# and Visual Basic with a large collection of servos, pumps, and sensors via a USB-to-CAN hid device. Right now, it is quite cumbersome to communicate with the devices. To read the firmware version of controller number 1 you would use: SendCan(Controller,1,ReadFirmwareVersion) or SendCan(8,1,71) This sends three bytes on the CAN bus: (8,1,71) Connected to controllers are various sensors. SendCan(Controller,1,PassThroughCommand,O2Sensor,2,ReadO2) would tell Controller number 1 to pass a command to O2 Sensor number 2 to read O2 by sending the bytes 8,1,200,16,2,0 I would like to develop a domain-specific language for this setup. Instead of commands issued like they are currently, commands would be written like this: Controller1.SendCommand.O2Sensor2.ReadO2 to send the bytes 8,1,200,16,0 What's the best way to do this? Some machines have 20 O2 Sensors, others have 5 controllers, so the numbers and types of controllers and sensors, pumps, etc. aren't static.

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  • Matrix loading problems with jbullet and lwjgl

    - by Quintin
    The following code does not load the matrix correctly from jbullet. //box is a RigidBody Transform trans = new Transform(); trans = box.getMotionState().getWorldTransform(trans); float[] matrix = new float[16]; trans.getOpenGLMatrix(matrix); // pass that matrix to OpenGL and render the cube FloatBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(4*16).asFloatBuffer().put(matrix); buffer.rewind(); glPushMatrix(); glMultMatrix(buffer); glBegin(GL_POINTS); glVertex3f(0,0,0); glEnd(); glPopMatrix(); the jbullet is configured as so: CollisionConfiguration = new DefaultCollisionConfiguration(); dispatcher = new CollisionDispatcher(collisionConfiguration); Vector3f worldAabbMin = new Vector3f(-10000,-10000,-10000); Vector3f worldAabbMax = new Vector3f(10000,10000,10000); AxisSweep3 overlappingPairCache = new AxisSweep3(worldAabbMin, worldAabbMax); SequentialImpulseConstraintSolver solver = new SequentialImpulseConstraintSolver(); dynamicWorld = new DiscreteDynamicsWorld(dispatcher, overlappingPairCache, solver, collisionConfiguration); dynamicWorld.setGravity(new Vector3f(0,-10,0)); dynamicWorld.getDispatchInfo().allowedCcdPenetration = 0f; CollisionShape groundShape = new BoxShape(new Vector3f(1000.f, 50.f, 1000.f)); Transform groundTransform = new Transform(); groundTransform.setIdentity(); groundTransform.origin.set(new Vector3f(0.f, -60.f, 0.f)); float mass = 0f; Vector3f localInertia = new Vector3f(0, 0, 0); DefaultMotionState myMotionState = new DefaultMotionState(groundTransform); RigidBodyConstructionInfo rbInfo = new RigidBodyConstructionInfo(mass, myMotionState, groundShape, localInertia); RigidBody body = new RigidBody(rbInfo); dynamicWorld.addRigidBody(body); dynamicWorld.clearForces(); Nothing is rendered on the screen. What am I doing wrong?

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  • How to load chunks of 2d map segments when player reaches a certain point?

    - by 2kan
    In my 2d platformer (made with Java and Slick2d), random maps are made by combining different segments together and displaying them one after the other. My problem is that I can't load too many segments or the game will run out of memory, so I want to load n number of segments at a time in chunks, then load the next chunk when the player comes near the end of one. I've attempted to do this for a couple of hours now, but I just can't get it to work at all. This is my chunk generation function where chunkLoad is the number of segments to load and BLOCK_WIDTH is the number of blocks/tiles each segment is across. Chunk1 and map are arrays of segments. Random r = new Random(); for(int i=0; i<chunkLoad; i++) { int id = r.nextInt(4)+2; chunk1[i] = new BlockMap("res/window/map"+id+".tmx", i*BLOCK_WIDTH); } map = chunk1; chunksLoaded++; The map is then drawn on the screen like this. tmap is a TiledMap object and each block/tile is 16 pixels wide for(int i=0; i<chunkLoad; i++) { map[i].tmap.render((i * BLOCK_WIDTH * 16) + (cameraX), 0); } I can successfully load new chunks, but I can't display them in the correct position, nor the hitboxes. Any suggestions? Thanks.

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  • Map rendering Libgdx Java

    - by user3165683
    Ok, so I am trying to create a 2D non-movable random tiled map. This is what I have so far: private void generateTile(){ System.out.print("tiletry1"); while(loadedTiles != 8100){ System.out.print("tiletry"); Texture currentTile = null; int tileX = 0; int tileY = 0; if (tileX == 120); tileY = 16; tileX = 0; game.batch.begin(); switch(MathUtils.random(2)){ case 0: //game.batch.draw(tile1, tileX, tileY); System.out.print("tile1"); currentTile = tile1; break; case 1: //game.batch.draw(tile2, tileX, tileY); System.out.print("tile2"); currentTile = tile2; break; case 2: //game.batch.draw(tile3, tileX, tileY); System.out.print("tile3"); currentTile = tile3; break; } tileX+=16; loadedTiles ++; game.batch.draw(currentTile, tileX, tileY); game.batch.end(); } } However, I can't see any of the tiles and the screen just looks green. This method is above my render method which I have: camera.update(); batch.setProjectionMatrix(camera.combined); Gdx.gl.glClear(GL20.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT); game.batch.begin(); //other render stuff Why am I not able to see the tiles?

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  • libapt-inst1.4:i386 fais to install

    - by user92834
    Today I was notifed of updates, some of them being libapt. So I press "Install Updates", and I got this error: The following packages have unmet dependencies: libapt-inst1.4:i386: Depends: libapt-pkg4.12 (>= 0.8.16~exp12ubuntu10.2) but 0.8.16~exp12ubuntu10.3 is installed Depends: libc6 (>= 2.4) but 2.15-0ubuntu10 is installed Depends: libgcc1 (>= 1:4.1.1) but 1:4.6.3-1ubuntu5 is installed Depends: libstdc++6 (>= 4.4.0) but 4.6.3-1ubuntu5 is installed So I open the terminal and typed sudo apt-get install -f I was shown this: The following extra packages will be installed: libapt-inst1.4 libapt-inst1.4:i386 libapt-pkg4.12:i386 The following NEW packages will be installed: libapt-pkg4.12:i386 The following packages will be upgraded: libapt-inst1.4 libapt-inst1.4:i386 2 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 18 not upgraded. 1 not fully installed or removed. Need to get 0 B/1,146 kB of archives. After this operation, 3,031 kB of additional disk space will be used. Do you want to continue [Y/n]? I selected "yes". And then: E: Internal Error, No file name for libapt-pkg4.12 Also, when I open the software center, I get a message that the database is broken... I'm using 12.04 64bit But why it wants to install the i386 version? I'm using 64 bit ubuntu...

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  • Precise exposition of an image for set number of frames (Vsync?)

    - by Istrebitel
    I need to make a simple enough program in C#, but it seems to be impossible via usual WinForms means. I need to show something (a string of text, an image) on the screen for very small time interval. Since typical monitors are 60Hz, this interval would be 1 or 2 frames (16,6 or 33,3 ms). I tried doing this with usual WinForms, and it is not possible because, apparently, there is no way to know how many frames were output to the monitor since some point in time. I can only draw on the controls, and monitor output is totally independant. So even if I run the timer, say, for 17 ms, between showing and hiding the image, it still sometimes manages not to draw a single frame of my image on the screen (even though theoretically it should, because 17ms 16,6ms). Moreover, even 20ms seems to slow (even though i should be more than enough). I did some game development as a hobby in the past (Delphi X, XNA) and I know that you usually draw the whole screen by yourself, each frame. Also, I know that there is an option called Vsync in most modern games, that allows you to synchronize your framerate to your monitor's frame rate. So, is it possible? I mean, to actually know how many frames were sent to the monitor with w/e I want to show?

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  • 2013?1?~2??OTN????????

    - by OTN-J Master
    ?????????????????????? ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????~??????????????!??????????????????????????????(??????????????)12?13?????????????????????????????????????????OTN Twitter????????????¦?¦?¦?¦?¦?¦?¦?¦?¦?¦?¦?¦?¦?¦?¦?¦?¦?¦?¦?¦?¦?¦?¦?¦?¦?¦?¦?¦?¦?¦?¦?¦?¦?¦?¦?¦?2013?1??????? ?96? ????! ???????? -????????????????????¦ ??: 2013?1?16?(?)18:30 ~20:00 ¦ ??: ?????? ???????????? ??????????????????1??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????>> ??????? ????!!??????? ?1? [????] ?90?????! Oracle Database???????????????? ¦ ??: 2013?1?16?(?)18:30 ~20:00 ¦ ??: ?????????? ???? ??????? ??????????????????????????··????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????????????Oracle Database??????????????????????????????????????????????????? >> ??????? ¦?¦?¦?¦?¦?¦?¦?¦?¦?¦?¦?¦?¦?¦?¦?¦?¦?¦?¦?¦?¦?¦?¦?¦?¦?¦?¦?¦?¦?¦?¦?¦?¦?¦?¦?¦?2013?2??????? WebLogic Server 12c Forum 2013~ Java EE???????WebLogic????????? ~¦ ??: 2013?2?1?(?)13:30~17:30¦ ??: ??????????????????????WebLogic Server?????????????·???????????Java EE 6??????2012?10????Oracle OpenWorld????WebLogic Server????????????WebLogic????????????????????????????????Java EE???????????·???????Java EE????????????Java?????????? ???????????????????????????????????????????Java EE????????????????????????????????????????????Candy?????????????????????!>> ???????  

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  • ?????????????:3?15?~17?

    - by Yusuke.Yamamoto
    2011?3?15?~2011?3?17?????????????????(Oracle Direct Seminar)?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????????????????OTN???? ?????? ????? ?????????????? ????????????? ?OTN???? ?????? ????? http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/jp/ondemand/db-basic/index.html ??????????????????????????????? 3/15 11:00~:???!?????????????????? http://eventreg.oracle.com/webapps/events/ns/EventsDetail.jsp?p_eventId=124542&src=7013395&src=7013395&Act=388 3/15 15:00~:????????! ?????????????? http://eventreg.oracle.com/webapps/events/ns/EventsDetail.jsp?p_eventId=124543&src=7013395&src=7013395&Act=389 3/16 11:00~:?ORACLE MASTER [Bronze DBA11g] ? http://eventreg.oracle.com/webapps/events/ns/EventsDetail.jsp?p_eventId=124572&src=7013395&src=7013395&Act=391 3/16 15:00~:?Oracle Database???????XML?????? http://eventreg.oracle.com/webapps/events/ns/EventsDetail.jsp?p_eventId=124573&src=7013395&src=7013395&Act=392 3/17 11:00~:?????????·?????????????GoldenGate? http://eventreg.oracle.com/webapps/events/ns/EventsDetail.jsp?p_eventId=124574&src=7013395&src=7013395&Act=393 3/17 15:00~:???????!Web????????/?????????????? http://eventreg.oracle.com/webapps/events/ns/EventsDetail.jsp?p_eventId=124578&src=7013395&src=7013395&Act=395 ?????????? Oracle Direct Seminar??? [email protected]

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  • Installing sSMTP from SSH

    - by James
    I'm on a Web Hosting Buzz reseller account. They have some very stringent mail sending rules, including blocking of authenticated SMTP socket mail sending using PEAR. It was suggested in WHB forum that this was possible with sSMTP. I've since gotten SSH access and googled how to install sSMTP from SSH: rpm -Uvh http://download.fedora.redhat.com/pub/epel/5/i386/epel-release-5-3.noarch.rpm yum install ssmtp However, the first line fails with: Retrieving http://download.fedora.redhat.com/pub/epel/5/i386/epel-release-5-3.noarch.rpm error: skipping http://download.fedora.redhat.com/pub/epel/5/i386/epel-release-5-3.noarch.rpm - transfer failed - Unknown or unexpected error It was a very old thread in WHB forum and the thread poster could not be reached for assistance. Any help would be much appreciated!

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  • What approach to take for SIMD optimizations

    - by goldenmean
    Hi, I am trying to optimize below code for SIMD operations (8way/4way/2way SIMD whiechever possible and if it gives gains in performance) I am tryin to analyze it first on paper to understand the algorithm used. How can i optimize it for SIMD:- void idct(uint8_t *dst, int stride, int16_t *input, int type) { int16_t *ip = input; uint8_t *cm = ff_cropTbl + MAX_NEG_CROP; int A, B, C, D, Ad, Bd, Cd, Dd, E, F, G, H; int Ed, Gd, Add, Bdd, Fd, Hd; int i; /* Inverse DCT on the rows now */ for (i = 0; i < 8; i++) { /* Check for non-zero values */ if ( ip[0] | ip[1] | ip[2] | ip[3] | ip[4] | ip[5] | ip[6] | ip[7] ) { A = M(xC1S7, ip[1]) + M(xC7S1, ip[7]); B = M(xC7S1, ip[1]) - M(xC1S7, ip[7]); C = M(xC3S5, ip[3]) + M(xC5S3, ip[5]); D = M(xC3S5, ip[5]) - M(xC5S3, ip[3]); Ad = M(xC4S4, (A - C)); Bd = M(xC4S4, (B - D)); Cd = A + C; Dd = B + D; E = M(xC4S4, (ip[0] + ip[4])); F = M(xC4S4, (ip[0] - ip[4])); G = M(xC2S6, ip[2]) + M(xC6S2, ip[6]); H = M(xC6S2, ip[2]) - M(xC2S6, ip[6]); Ed = E - G; Gd = E + G; Add = F + Ad; Bdd = Bd - H; Fd = F - Ad; Hd = Bd + H; /* Final sequence of operations over-write original inputs. */ ip[0] = (int16_t)(Gd + Cd) ; ip[7] = (int16_t)(Gd - Cd ); ip[1] = (int16_t)(Add + Hd); ip[2] = (int16_t)(Add - Hd); ip[3] = (int16_t)(Ed + Dd) ; ip[4] = (int16_t)(Ed - Dd ); ip[5] = (int16_t)(Fd + Bdd); ip[6] = (int16_t)(Fd - Bdd); } ip += 8; /* next row */ } ip = input; for ( i = 0; i < 8; i++) { /* Check for non-zero values (bitwise or faster than ||) */ if ( ip[1 * 8] | ip[2 * 8] | ip[3 * 8] | ip[4 * 8] | ip[5 * 8] | ip[6 * 8] | ip[7 * 8] ) { A = M(xC1S7, ip[1*8]) + M(xC7S1, ip[7*8]); B = M(xC7S1, ip[1*8]) - M(xC1S7, ip[7*8]); C = M(xC3S5, ip[3*8]) + M(xC5S3, ip[5*8]); D = M(xC3S5, ip[5*8]) - M(xC5S3, ip[3*8]); Ad = M(xC4S4, (A - C)); Bd = M(xC4S4, (B - D)); Cd = A + C; Dd = B + D; E = M(xC4S4, (ip[0*8] + ip[4*8])) + 8; F = M(xC4S4, (ip[0*8] - ip[4*8])) + 8; if(type==1){ //HACK E += 16*128; F += 16*128; } G = M(xC2S6, ip[2*8]) + M(xC6S2, ip[6*8]); H = M(xC6S2, ip[2*8]) - M(xC2S6, ip[6*8]); Ed = E - G; Gd = E + G; Add = F + Ad; Bdd = Bd - H; Fd = F - Ad; Hd = Bd + H; /* Final sequence of operations over-write original inputs. */ if(type==0){ ip[0*8] = (int16_t)((Gd + Cd ) >> 4); ip[7*8] = (int16_t)((Gd - Cd ) >> 4); ip[1*8] = (int16_t)((Add + Hd ) >> 4); ip[2*8] = (int16_t)((Add - Hd ) >> 4); ip[3*8] = (int16_t)((Ed + Dd ) >> 4); ip[4*8] = (int16_t)((Ed - Dd ) >> 4); ip[5*8] = (int16_t)((Fd + Bdd ) >> 4); ip[6*8] = (int16_t)((Fd - Bdd ) >> 4); }else if(type==1){ dst[0*stride] = cm[(Gd + Cd ) >> 4]; dst[7*stride] = cm[(Gd - Cd ) >> 4]; dst[1*stride] = cm[(Add + Hd ) >> 4]; dst[2*stride] = cm[(Add - Hd ) >> 4]; dst[3*stride] = cm[(Ed + Dd ) >> 4]; dst[4*stride] = cm[(Ed - Dd ) >> 4]; dst[5*stride] = cm[(Fd + Bdd ) >> 4]; dst[6*stride] = cm[(Fd - Bdd ) >> 4]; }else{ dst[0*stride] = cm[dst[0*stride] + ((Gd + Cd ) >> 4)]; dst[7*stride] = cm[dst[7*stride] + ((Gd - Cd ) >> 4)]; dst[1*stride] = cm[dst[1*stride] + ((Add + Hd ) >> 4)]; dst[2*stride] = cm[dst[2*stride] + ((Add - Hd ) >> 4)]; dst[3*stride] = cm[dst[3*stride] + ((Ed + Dd ) >> 4)]; dst[4*stride] = cm[dst[4*stride] + ((Ed - Dd ) >> 4)]; dst[5*stride] = cm[dst[5*stride] + ((Fd + Bdd ) >> 4)]; dst[6*stride] = cm[dst[6*stride] + ((Fd - Bdd ) >> 4)]; } } else { if(type==0){ ip[0*8] = ip[1*8] = ip[2*8] = ip[3*8] = ip[4*8] = ip[5*8] = ip[6*8] = ip[7*8] = ((xC4S4 * ip[0*8] + (IdctAdjustBeforeShift<<16))>>20); }else if(type==1){ dst[0*stride]= dst[1*stride]= dst[2*stride]= dst[3*stride]= dst[4*stride]= dst[5*stride]= dst[6*stride]= dst[7*stride]= cm[128 + ((xC4S4 * ip[0*8] + (IdctAdjustBeforeShift<<16))>>20)]; }else{ if(ip[0*8]){ int v= ((xC4S4 * ip[0*8] + (IdctAdjustBeforeShift<<16))>>20); dst[0*stride] = cm[dst[0*stride] + v]; dst[1*stride] = cm[dst[1*stride] + v]; dst[2*stride] = cm[dst[2*stride] + v]; dst[3*stride] = cm[dst[3*stride] + v]; dst[4*stride] = cm[dst[4*stride] + v]; dst[5*stride] = cm[dst[5*stride] + v]; dst[6*stride] = cm[dst[6*stride] + v]; dst[7*stride] = cm[dst[7*stride] + v]; } } } ip++; /* next column */ dst++; } }

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  • Diving into OpenStack Network Architecture - Part 2 - Basic Use Cases

    - by Ronen Kofman
      rkofman Normal rkofman 4 138 2014-06-05T03:38:00Z 2014-06-05T05:04:00Z 3 2735 15596 Oracle Corporation 129 36 18295 12.00 Clean Clean false false false false EN-US X-NONE HE /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0in; mso-para-margin-right:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0in; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language:AR-SA;} In the previous post we reviewed several network components including Open vSwitch, Network Namespaces, Linux Bridges and veth pairs. In this post we will take three simple use cases and see how those basic components come together to create a complete SDN solution in OpenStack. With those three use cases we will review almost the entire network setup and see how all the pieces work together. The use cases we will use are: 1.       Create network – what happens when we create network and how can we create multiple isolated networks 2.       Launch a VM – once we have networks we can launch VMs and connect them to networks. 3.       DHCP request from a VM – OpenStack can automatically assign IP addresses to VMs. This is done through local DHCP service controlled by OpenStack Neutron. We will see how this service runs and how does a DHCP request and response look like. In this post we will show connectivity, we will see how packets get from point A to point B. We first focus on how a configured deployment looks like and only later we will discuss how and when the configuration is created. Personally I found it very valuable to see the actual interfaces and how they connect to each other through examples and hands on experiments. After the end game is clear and we know how the connectivity works, in a later post, we will take a step back and explain how Neutron configures the components to be able to provide such connectivity.  We are going to get pretty technical shortly and I recommend trying these examples on your own deployment or using the Oracle OpenStack Tech Preview. Understanding these three use cases thoroughly and how to look at them will be very helpful when trying to debug a deployment in case something does not work. Use case #1: Create Network Create network is a simple operation it can be performed from the GUI or command line. When we create a network in OpenStack the network is only available to the tenant who created it or it could be defined as “shared” and then it can be used by all tenants. A network can have multiple subnets but for this demonstration purpose and for simplicity we will assume that each network has exactly one subnet. Creating a network from the command line will look like this: # neutron net-create net1 Created a new network: +---------------------------+--------------------------------------+ | Field                     | Value                                | +---------------------------+--------------------------------------+ | admin_state_up            | True                                 | | id                        | 5f833617-6179-4797-b7c0-7d420d84040c | | name                      | net1                                 | | provider:network_type     | vlan                                 | | provider:physical_network | default                              | | provider:segmentation_id  | 1000                                 | | shared                    | False                                | | status                    | ACTIVE                               | | subnets                   |                                      | | tenant_id                 | 9796e5145ee546508939cd49ad59d51f     | +---------------------------+--------------------------------------+ Creating a subnet for this network will look like this: # neutron subnet-create net1 10.10.10.0/24 Created a new subnet: +------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | Field            | Value                                          | +------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | allocation_pools | {"start": "10.10.10.2", "end": "10.10.10.254"} | | cidr             | 10.10.10.0/24                                  | | dns_nameservers  |                                                | | enable_dhcp      | True                                           | | gateway_ip       | 10.10.10.1                                     | | host_routes      |                                                | | id               | 2d7a0a58-0674-439a-ad23-d6471aaae9bc           | | ip_version       | 4                                              | | name             |                                                | | network_id       | 5f833617-6179-4797-b7c0-7d420d84040c           | | tenant_id        | 9796e5145ee546508939cd49ad59d51f               | +------------------+------------------------------------------------+ We now have a network and a subnet, on the network topology view this looks like this: Now let’s dive in and see what happened under the hood. Looking at the control node we will discover that a new namespace was created: # ip netns list qdhcp-5f833617-6179-4797-b7c0-7d420d84040c   The name of the namespace is qdhcp-<network id> (see above), let’s look into the namespace and see what’s in it: # ip netns exec qdhcp-5f833617-6179-4797-b7c0-7d420d84040c ip addr 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN     link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00     inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo     inet6 ::1/128 scope host        valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 12: tap26c9b807-7c: <BROADCAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN     link/ether fa:16:3e:1d:5c:81 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff     inet 10.10.10.3/24 brd 10.10.10.255 scope global tap26c9b807-7c     inet6 fe80::f816:3eff:fe1d:5c81/64 scope link        valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever   We see two interfaces in the namespace, one is the loopback and the other one is an interface called “tap26c9b807-7c”. This interface has the IP address of 10.10.10.3 and it will also serve dhcp requests in a way we will see later. Let’s trace the connectivity of the “tap26c9b807-7c” interface from the namespace.  First stop is OVS, we see that the interface connects to bridge  “br-int” on OVS: # ovs-vsctl show 8a069c7c-ea05-4375-93e2-b9fc9e4b3ca1     Bridge "br-eth2"         Port "br-eth2"             Interface "br-eth2"                 type: internal         Port "eth2"             Interface "eth2"         Port "phy-br-eth2"             Interface "phy-br-eth2"     Bridge br-ex         Port br-ex             Interface br-ex                 type: internal     Bridge br-int         Port "int-br-eth2"             Interface "int-br-eth2"         Port "tap26c9b807-7c"             tag: 1             Interface "tap26c9b807-7c"                 type: internal         Port br-int             Interface br-int                 type: internal     ovs_version: "1.11.0"   In the picture above we have a veth pair which has two ends called “int-br-eth2” and "phy-br-eth2", this veth pair is used to connect two bridge in OVS "br-eth2" and "br-int". In the previous post we explained how to check the veth connectivity using the ethtool command. It shows that the two are indeed a pair: # ethtool -S int-br-eth2 NIC statistics:      peer_ifindex: 10 . .   #ip link . . 10: phy-br-eth2: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000 . . Note that “phy-br-eth2” is connected to a bridge called "br-eth2" and one of this bridge's interfaces is the physical link eth2. This means that the network which we have just created has created a namespace which is connected to the physical interface eth2. eth2 is the “VM network” the physical interface where all the virtual machines connect to where all the VMs are connected. About network isolation: OpenStack supports creation of multiple isolated networks and can use several mechanisms to isolate the networks from one another. The isolation mechanism can be VLANs, VxLANs or GRE tunnels, this is configured as part of the initial setup in our deployment we use VLANs. When using VLAN tagging as an isolation mechanism a VLAN tag is allocated by Neutron from a pre-defined VLAN tags pool and assigned to the newly created network. By provisioning VLAN tags to the networks Neutron allows creation of multiple isolated networks on the same physical link.  The big difference between this and other platforms is that the user does not have to deal with allocating and managing VLANs to networks. The VLAN allocation and provisioning is handled by Neutron which keeps track of the VLAN tags, and responsible for allocating and reclaiming VLAN tags. In the example above net1 has the VLAN tag 1000, this means that whenever a VM is created and connected to this network the packets from that VM will have to be tagged with VLAN tag 1000 to go on this particular network. This is true for namespace as well, if we would like to connect a namespace to a particular network we have to make sure that the packets to and from the namespace are correctly tagged when they reach the VM network. In the example above we see that the namespace interface “tap26c9b807-7c” has vlan tag 1 assigned to it, if we examine OVS we see that it has flows which modify VLAN tag 1 to VLAN tag 1000 when a packet goes to the VM network on eth2 and vice versa. We can see this using the dump-flows command on OVS for packets going to the VM network we see the modification done on br-eth2: #  ovs-ofctl dump-flows br-eth2 NXST_FLOW reply (xid=0x4):  cookie=0x0, duration=18669.401s, table=0, n_packets=857, n_bytes=163350, idle_age=25, priority=4,in_port=2,dl_vlan=1 actions=mod_vlan_vid:1000,NORMAL  cookie=0x0, duration=165108.226s, table=0, n_packets=14, n_bytes=1000, idle_age=5343, hard_age=65534, priority=2,in_port=2 actions=drop  cookie=0x0, duration=165109.813s, table=0, n_packets=1671, n_bytes=213304, idle_age=25, hard_age=65534, priority=1 actions=NORMAL   For packets coming from the interface to the namespace we see the following modification: #  ovs-ofctl dump-flows br-int NXST_FLOW reply (xid=0x4):  cookie=0x0, duration=18690.876s, table=0, n_packets=1610, n_bytes=210752, idle_age=1, priority=3,in_port=1,dl_vlan=1000 actions=mod_vlan_vid:1,NORMAL  cookie=0x0, duration=165130.01s, table=0, n_packets=75, n_bytes=3686, idle_age=4212, hard_age=65534, priority=2,in_port=1 actions=drop  cookie=0x0, duration=165131.96s, table=0, n_packets=863, n_bytes=160727, idle_age=1, hard_age=65534, priority=1 actions=NORMAL   To summarize we can see that when a user creates a network Neutron creates a namespace and this namespace is connected through OVS to the “VM network”. OVS also takes care of tagging the packets from the namespace to the VM network with the correct VLAN tag and knows to modify the VLAN for packets coming from VM network to the namespace. Now let’s see what happens when a VM is launched and how it is connected to the “VM network”. Use case #2: Launch a VM Launching a VM can be done from Horizon or from the command line this is how we do it from Horizon: Attach the network: And Launch Once the virtual machine is up and running we can see the associated IP using the nova list command : # nova list +--------------------------------------+--------------+--------+------------+-------------+-----------------+ | ID                                   | Name         | Status | Task State | Power State | Networks        | +--------------------------------------+--------------+--------+------------+-------------+-----------------+ | 3707ac87-4f5d-4349-b7ed-3a673f55e5e1 | Oracle Linux | ACTIVE | None       | Running     | net1=10.10.10.2 | +--------------------------------------+--------------+--------+------------+-------------+-----------------+ The nova list command shows us that the VM is running and that the IP 10.10.10.2 is assigned to this VM. Let’s trace the connectivity from the VM to VM network on eth2 starting with the VM definition file. The configuration files of the VM including the virtual disk(s), in case of ephemeral storage, are stored on the compute node at/var/lib/nova/instances/<instance-id>/. Looking into the VM definition file ,libvirt.xml,  we see that the VM is connected to an interface called “tap53903a95-82” which is connected to a Linux bridge called “qbr53903a95-82”: <interface type="bridge">       <mac address="fa:16:3e:fe:c7:87"/>       <source bridge="qbr53903a95-82"/>       <target dev="tap53903a95-82"/>     </interface>   Looking at the bridge using the brctl show command we see this: # brctl show bridge name     bridge id               STP enabled     interfaces qbr53903a95-82          8000.7e7f3282b836       no              qvb53903a95-82                                                         tap53903a95-82    The bridge has two interfaces, one connected to the VM (“tap53903a95-82 “) and another one ( “qvb53903a95-82”) connected to “br-int” bridge on OVS: # ovs-vsctl show 83c42f80-77e9-46c8-8560-7697d76de51c     Bridge "br-eth2"         Port "br-eth2"             Interface "br-eth2"                 type: internal         Port "eth2"             Interface "eth2"         Port "phy-br-eth2"             Interface "phy-br-eth2"     Bridge br-int         Port br-int             Interface br-int                 type: internal         Port "int-br-eth2"             Interface "int-br-eth2"         Port "qvo53903a95-82"             tag: 3             Interface "qvo53903a95-82"     ovs_version: "1.11.0"   As we showed earlier “br-int” is connected to “br-eth2” on OVS using the veth pair int-br-eth2,phy-br-eth2 and br-eth2 is connected to the physical interface eth2. The whole flow end to end looks like this: VM è tap53903a95-82 (virtual interface)è qbr53903a95-82 (Linux bridge) è qvb53903a95-82 (interface connected from Linux bridge to OVS bridge br-int) è int-br-eth2 (veth one end) è phy-br-eth2 (veth the other end) è eth2 physical interface. The purpose of the Linux Bridge connecting to the VM is to allow security group enforcement with iptables. Security groups are enforced at the edge point which are the interface of the VM, since iptables nnot be applied to OVS bridges we use Linux bridge to apply them. In the future we hope to see this Linux Bridge going away rules.  VLAN tags: As we discussed in the first use case net1 is using VLAN tag 1000, looking at OVS above we see that qvo41f1ebcf-7c is tagged with VLAN tag 3. The modification from VLAN tag 3 to 1000 as we go to the physical network is done by OVS  as part of the packet flow of br-eth2 in the same way we showed before. To summarize, when a VM is launched it is connected to the VM network through a chain of elements as described here. During the packet from VM to the network and back the VLAN tag is modified. Use case #3: Serving a DHCP request coming from the virtual machine In the previous use cases we have shown that both the namespace called dhcp-<some id> and the VM end up connecting to the physical interface eth2  on their respective nodes, both will tag their packets with VLAN tag 1000.We saw that the namespace has an interface with IP of 10.10.10.3. Since the VM and the namespace are connected to each other and have interfaces on the same subnet they can ping each other, in this picture we see a ping from the VM which was assigned 10.10.10.2 to the namespace: The fact that they are connected and can ping each other can become very handy when something doesn’t work right and we need to isolate the problem. In such case knowing that we should be able to ping from the VM to the namespace and back can be used to trace the disconnect using tcpdump or other monitoring tools. To serve DHCP requests coming from VMs on the network Neutron uses a Linux tool called “dnsmasq”,this is a lightweight DNS and DHCP service you can read more about it here. If we look at the dnsmasq on the control node with the ps command we see this: dnsmasq --no-hosts --no-resolv --strict-order --bind-interfaces --interface=tap26c9b807-7c --except-interface=lo --pid-file=/var/lib/neutron/dhcp/5f833617-6179-4797-b7c0-7d420d84040c/pid --dhcp-hostsfile=/var/lib/neutron/dhcp/5f833617-6179-4797-b7c0-7d420d84040c/host --dhcp-optsfile=/var/lib/neutron/dhcp/5f833617-6179-4797-b7c0-7d420d84040c/opts --leasefile-ro --dhcp-range=tag0,10.10.10.0,static,120s --dhcp-lease-max=256 --conf-file= --domain=openstacklocal The service connects to the tap interface in the namespace (“--interface=tap26c9b807-7c”), If we look at the hosts file we see this: # cat  /var/lib/neutron/dhcp/5f833617-6179-4797-b7c0-7d420d84040c/host fa:16:3e:fe:c7:87,host-10-10-10-2.openstacklocal,10.10.10.2   If you look at the console output above you can see the MAC address fa:16:3e:fe:c7:87 which is the VM MAC. This MAC address is mapped to IP 10.10.10.2 and so when a DHCP request comes with this MAC dnsmasq will return the 10.10.10.2.If we look into the namespace at the time we initiate a DHCP request from the VM (this can be done by simply restarting the network service in the VM) we see the following: # ip netns exec qdhcp-5f833617-6179-4797-b7c0-7d420d84040c tcpdump -n 19:27:12.191280 IP 0.0.0.0.bootpc > 255.255.255.255.bootps: BOOTP/DHCP, Request from fa:16:3e:fe:c7:87, length 310 19:27:12.191666 IP 10.10.10.3.bootps > 10.10.10.2.bootpc: BOOTP/DHCP, Reply, length 325   To summarize, the DHCP service is handled by dnsmasq which is configured by Neutron to listen to the interface in the DHCP namespace. Neutron also configures dnsmasq with the combination of MAC and IP so when a DHCP request comes along it will receive the assigned IP. Summary In this post we relied on the components described in the previous post and saw how network connectivity is achieved using three simple use cases. These use cases gave a good view of the entire network stack and helped understand how an end to end connection is being made between a VM on a compute node and the DHCP namespace on the control node. One conclusion we can draw from what we saw here is that if we launch a VM and it is able to perform a DHCP request and receive a correct IP then there is reason to believe that the network is working as expected. We saw that a packet has to travel through a long list of components before reaching its destination and if it has done so successfully this means that many components are functioning properly. In the next post we will look at some more sophisticated services Neutron supports and see how they work. We will see that while there are some more components involved for the most part the concepts are the same. @RonenKofman

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  • What is wrong with my gtkrc file?

    - by PP
    I have written following gtkrc file from some other theme gtkrc file. This theme is normal theme with buttons using pixmap theme engine. I have also given background image to GtkEntry. Problem is that, When i use this theme my buttons doesn't show text one them and my entry box does not show cursor. Plus in engine "pixmap" tag I need to specify image name with it's path as I have already mentioned pixmap_path on the top of rc file but why I still need to specify the path in file = "xxx" # gtkrc file. pixmap_path "./backgrounds:./icons:./buttons:./emotions" gtk-button-images = 1 #Icon Sizes and color definitions gtk-icon-sizes = "gtk-small-toolbar=16,16:gtk-large-toolbar=24,24:gtk-button=16,16" gtk-toolbar-icon-size = GTK_ICON_SIZE_SMALL_TOOLBAR gtk_color_scheme = "fg_color:#000000\nbg_color:#848484\nbase_color:#000000\ntext_color:#000000\nselected_bg_color:#f39638\nselected_fg_color:#000000\ntooltip_bg_color:#634110\ntooltip_fg_color:#ffffff" style "theme-default" { xthickness = 10 ythickness = 10 GtkEntry::honors-transparent-bg-hint = 0 GtkMenuItem::arrow-spacing = 20 GtkMenuItem::horizontal-padding = 50 GtkMenuItem::toggle-spacing = 30 GtkOptionMenu::indicator-size = {11, 5} GtkOptionMenu::indicator-spacing = {6, 5, 4, 4} GtkTreeView::horizontal_separator = 5 GtkTreeView::odd_row_color = "#efefef" GtkTreeView::even_row_color = "#e3e3e3" GtkWidget::link-color = "#0062dc" # blue GtkWidget::visited-link-color = "#8c00dc" #purple GtkButton::default_border = { 0, 0, 0, 0 } GtkButton::child-displacement-x = 0 GtkButton::child-displacement-y = 1 GtkWidget::focus-padding = 0 GtkRange::trough-border = 0 GtkRange::slider-width = 19 GtkRange::stepper-size = 19 GtkScrollbar::min_slider_length = 36 GtkScrollbar::has-secondary-backward-stepper = 1 GtkPaned::handle_size = 8 GtkMenuBar::internal-padding = 0 GtkTreeView::expander_size = 13 #15 GtkExpander::expander_size = 13 #17 GtkScale::slider-length = 35 GtkScale::slider-width = 17 GtkScale::trough-border = 0 GtkWidget::link-color = "#0062dc" GtkWidget::visited-link-color = "#8c00dc" #purple WnckTasklist::fade-overlay-rect = 0 WnckTasklist::fade-loop-time = 5.0 # 5 seconds WnckTasklist::fade-opacity = 0.5 # final opacity #makes menu only overlap border GtkMenu::horizontal-offset = -1 #removes extra padding at top and bottom of menus. Makes menuitem overlap border GtkMenu::vertical-padding = 0 #set to the same as roundness, used for better hotspot selection of tabs GtkNotebook::tab-curvature = 2 GtkNotebook::tab-overlap = 4 GtkMenuItem::arrow-spacing = 10 GtkOptionMenu ::indicator-size = {11, 5} GtkCheckButton ::indicator-size = 16 GtkCheckButton ::indicator-spacing = 1 GtkRadioButton ::indicator-size = 16 GtkTreeView::horizontal_separator = 2 GtkTreeView::odd_row_color = "#efefef" GtkTreeView::even_row_color = "#e3e3e3" NautilusIconContainer::normal_icon_color = "#ff0000" GtkEntry::inner-border = {0, 0, 0, 0} GtkScrolledWindow::scrollbar-spacing = 0 GtkScrolledWindow::scrollbars-within-bevel = 1 fg[NORMAL] = @fg_color fg[ACTIVE] = @fg_color fg[PRELIGHT] = @fg_color fg[SELECTED] = @selected_fg_color fg[INSENSITIVE] = shade (3.0,@fg_color) bg[NORMAL] = @bg_color bg[ACTIVE] = shade (0.95,@bg_color) bg[PRELIGHT] = mix(0.92, shade (1.1,@bg_color), @selected_bg_color) bg[SELECTED] = @selected_bg_color bg[INSENSITIVE] = shade (1.06,@bg_color) base[NORMAL] = @base_color base[ACTIVE] = shade (0.65,@base_color) base[PRELIGHT] = @base_color base[SELECTED] = @selected_bg_color base[INSENSITIVE] = shade (1.025,@bg_color) text[NORMAL] = @text_color text[ACTIVE] = shade (0.95,@base_color) text[PRELIGHT] = @text_color text[SELECTED] = @selected_fg_color text[INSENSITIVE] = mix (0.675,shade (0.95,@bg_color),@fg_color) } style "theme-entry" { xthickness = 10 ythickness = 10 GtkEntry::inner-border = {10, 10, 10, 10} GtkEntry::progress-border = {10, 10, 10, 10} GtkEntry::icon-prelight = 1 GtkEntry::state-hintt = 1 #GtkEntry::honors-transparent-bg-hint = 1 text[NORMAL] = "#000000" text[ACTIVE] = "#787878" text[INSENSITIVE] = "#787878" text[SELECTED] = "#FFFFFF" engine "pixmap" { image { function = FLAT_BOX state = NORMAL recolorable = FALSE file = "./backgrounds/entry_background.png" border = { 0, 0, 0, 0 } stretch = TRUE } image { function = FLAT_BOX state = PRELIGHT recolorable = FALSE file = "./backgrounds/entry_background.png" border = { 0, 0, 0, 0 } stretch = TRUE } image { function = FLAT_BOX state = ACTIVE recolorable = FALSE file = "./backgrounds/entry_background.png" border = { 0, 0, 0, 0 } stretch = TRUE } } } #----------------------------------------------- #Chat Balloon Incoming background. style "theme-event-box-top-in" { xthickness = 1 ythickness = 1 GtkEventBox::inner-border = {0, 0, 0, 0} engine "pixmap" { image { function = FLAT_BOX state = NORMAL recolorable = TRUE file = "./backgrounds/chat_in_top.png" border = { 0, 0, 0, 0 } stretch = TRUE } } } style "theme-event-box-mid-in" { xthickness = 1 ythickness = 1 GtkEventBox::inner-border = {0, 0, 0, 0} engine "pixmap" { image { function = FLAT_BOX state = NORMAL recolorable = TRUE file = "./backgrounds/chat_in_mid.png" border = { 0, 0, 0, 0 } stretch = TRUE } } } style "theme-event-box-bot-in" { xthickness = 1 ythickness = 1 GtkEventBox::inner-border = {0, 0, 0, 0} engine "pixmap" { image { function = FLAT_BOX state = NORMAL recolorable = TRUE file = "./backgrounds/chat_in_bot.png" border = { 0, 0, 0, 0 } stretch = TRUE } } } #----------------------------------------------- #Chat Balloon Outgoing background. style "theme-event-box-top-out" { xthickness = 1 ythickness = 1 GtkEventBox::inner-border = {0, 0, 0, 0} engine "pixmap" { image { function = FLAT_BOX state = NORMAL recolorable = TRUE file = "./backgrounds/chat_out_top.png" border = { 0, 0, 0, 0 } stretch = TRUE } } } style "theme-event-box-mid-out" { xthickness = 1 ythickness = 1 GtkEventBox::inner-border = {0, 0, 0, 0} engine "pixmap" { image { function = FLAT_BOX state = NORMAL recolorable = TRUE file = "./backgrounds/chat_out_mid.png" border = { 0, 0, 0, 0 } stretch = TRUE } } } style "theme-event-box-bot-out" { xthickness = 1 ythickness = 1 GtkEventBox::inner-border = {0, 0, 0, 0} engine "pixmap" { image { function = FLAT_BOX state = NORMAL recolorable = TRUE file = "./backgrounds/chat_out_bot.png" border = { 0, 0, 0, 0 } stretch = TRUE } } } style "theme-wide" = "theme-default" { xthickness = 2 ythickness = 2 } style "theme-wider" = "theme-default" { xthickness = 3 ythickness = 3 } style "theme-button" { GtkButton::inner-border = {0, 0, 0, 0} GtkWidget::focus-line-width = 0 GtkWidget::focus-padding = 0 bg[NORMAL] = "#414143" bg[ACTIVE] = "#c19676" bg[PRELIGHT] = "#7f4426" bg[SELECTED] = "#ff0000" bg[INSENSITIVE] = "#434346" fg[NORMAL] = "#ffffff" fg[INSENSITIVE] = "#000000" fg[PRELIGHT] = "#ffffff" fg[SELECTED] = "#ffffff" fg[ACTIVE] = "#ffffff" text[NORMAL] = "#ff0000" text[INSENSITIVE] = "#ff0000" text[PRELIGHT] = "#ff0000" text[SELECTED] = "#ff0000" text[INSENSITIVE] = "#434346" text[ACTIVE] = "#ff0000" base[NORMAL] = "#ff0000" base[INSENSITIVE] = "#ff0000" base[PRELIGHT] = "#ff0000" base[SELECTED] = "#ff0000" base[INSENSITIVE] = "#ff0000" engine "pixmap" { image { function = BOX state = NORMAL recolorable = TRUE file = "./buttons/LightButtonAct.png" border = { 0, 0, 0, 0 } stretch = TRUE } image { function = BOX state = PRELIGHT recolorable = TRUE file = "./buttons/LightButtonRoll.png" border = { 0, 0, 0, 0 } stretch = TRUE } image { function = BOX state = ACTIVE recolorable = TRUE file = "./buttons/LightButtonClicked.png" border = { 0, 0, 0, 0 } stretch = TRUE } image { function = BOX state = INSENSITIVE recolorable = TRUE file = "./buttons/LightButtonInact.png" border = { 0, 0, 0, 0 } stretch = TRUE } } } style "theme-toolbar" { xthickness = 2 ythickness = 2 bg[NORMAL] = shade (1.078,@bg_color) } style "theme-handlebox" { bg[NORMAL] = shade (0.95,@bg_color) } style "theme-scale" { bg[NORMAL] = shade (1.06, @bg_color) bg[PRELIGHT] = mix(0.85, shade (1.1,@bg_color), @selected_bg_color) bg[SELECTED] = "#4d4d55" } style "theme-range" { bg[NORMAL] = shade (1.12,@bg_color) bg[ACTIVE] = @bg_color bg[PRELIGHT] = mix(0.95, shade (1.10,@bg_color), @selected_bg_color) #Arrows text[NORMAL] = shade (0.275,@selected_fg_color) text[PRELIGHT] = @selected_fg_color text[ACTIVE] = shade (0.10,@selected_fg_color) text[INSENSITIVE] = mix (0.80,shade (0.90,@bg_color),@fg_color) } style "theme-notebook" = "theme-wider" { xthickness = 4 ythickness = 4 GtkNotebook::tab-curvature = 5 GtkNotebook::tab-vborder = 1 GtkNotebook::tab-overlap = 1 GtkNotebook::tab-vborder = 1 bg[NORMAL] = "#d2d2d2" bg[ACTIVE] = "#e3e3e3" bg[PRELIGHT] = "#848484" bg[SELECTED] = "#848484" bg[INSENSITIVE] = "#848484" text[PRELIGHT] = @selected_fg_color text[NORMAL] = "#000000" text[ACTIVE] = "#737373" text[SELECTED] = "#000000" text[INSENSITIVE] = "#737373" fg[PRELIGHT] = @selected_fg_color fg[NORMAL] = "#000000" fg[ACTIVE] = "#737373" fg[SELECTED] = "#000000" fg[INSENSITIVE] = "#737373" } style "theme-paned" { bg[PRELIGHT] = shade (1.1,@bg_color) } style "theme-panel" { # Menu fg[PRELIGHT] = @selected_fg_color font_name = "Bold 9" text[PRELIGHT] = @selected_fg_color } style "theme-menu" { xthickness = 0 ythickness = 0 bg[NORMAL] = shade (1.16,@bg_color) bg[SELECTED] = "#ff9a00" text[PRELIGHT] = @selected_fg_color fg[PRELIGHT] = @selected_fg_color } style "theme-menu-item" = "theme-menu" { xthickness = 3 ythickness = 3 base[SELECTED] = "#ff9a00" base[NORMAL] = "#ff9a00" base[PRELIGHT] = "#ff9a00" base[INSENSITIVE] = "#ff9a00" base[ACTIVE] = "#ff9a00" bg[SELECTED] = "#ff9a00" bg[NORMAL] = shade (1.16,@bg_color) } style "theme-menubar" { #TODO } style "theme-menubar-item" = "theme-menu-item" { #TODO bg[SELECTED] = "#ff9a00" } style "theme-tree" { xthickness = 2 ythickness = 1 font_name = "Bold 9" GtkWidget::focus-padding = 0 bg[NORMAL] = "#5a595a" bg[PRELIGHT] = "#5a595a" bg[ACTIVE] = "#5a5a5a" fg[NORMAL] = "#ffffff" fg[ACTIVE] = "#ffffff" fg[SELECTED] = "#ff9a00" fg[PRELIGHT] = "#ffffff" bg[SELECTED] = "#ff9a00" base[SELECTED] = "#ff9a00" base[NORMAL] = "#ff9a00" base[PRELIGHT] = "#ff9a00" base[INSENSITIVE] = "#ff9a00" base[ACTIVE] = "#ff9a00" text[NORMAL] = "#000000" text[PRELIGHT] = "#ff9a00" text[ACTIVE] = "#ff9a00" text[SELECTED] = "#ff9a00" text[INSENSITIVE] = "#434346" } style "theme-tree-arrow" { bg[NORMAL] = mix(0.70, shade (0.60,@bg_color), shade (0.80,@selected_bg_color)) bg[PRELIGHT] = mix(0.80, @bg_color, @selected_bg_color) } style "theme-progressbar" { font_name = "Bold" bg[SELECTED] = @selected_bg_color fg[PRELIGHT] = @selected_fg_color bg[ACTIVE] = "#fe7e00" bg[NORMAL] = "#ffba00" } style "theme-tooltips" = "theme-wider" { font_name = "Liberation sans 10" bg[NORMAL] = @tooltip_bg_color fg[NORMAL] = @tooltip_fg_color text[NORMAL] = @tooltip_fg_color } style "theme-combo" = "theme-button" { xthickness = 4 ythickness = 4 text[NORMAL] = "#fd7d00" text[INSENSITIVE] = "#8a8a8a" base[NORMAL] = "#e0e0e0" base[INSENSITIVE] = "#aeaeae" } style "theme-combo-box" = "theme-button" { xthickness = 3 ythickness = 2 bg[NORMAL] = "#343539" bg[PRELIGHT] = "#343539" bg[ACTIVE] = "#26272b" bg[INSENSITIVE] = "#404145" } style "theme-entry-combo-box" { xthickness = 6 ythickness = 3 text[NORMAL] = "#000000" text[INSENSITIVE] = "#8a8a8a" base[NORMAL] = "#ffffff" base[INSENSITIVE] = "#aeaeae" } style "theme-combo-arrow" = "theme-button" { xthickness = 1 ythickness = 1 } style "theme-view" { xthickness = 0 ythickness = 0 } style "theme-check-radio-buttons" { GtkWidget::interior-focus = 0 GtkWidget::focus-padding = 1 text[NORMAL] = "#ff0000" base[NORMAL] = "#ff0000" text[SELECTED] = "#ffffff" text[INSENSITIVE] = shade (0.625,@bg_color) base[PRELIGHT] = mix(0.80, @base_color, @selected_bg_color) bg[NORMAL] = "#438FC6" bg[INSENSITIVE] = "#aeaeae" bg[SELECTED] = "#ff8a01" } style "theme-radio-buttons" = "theme-button" { GtkWidget::interior-focus = 0 GtkWidget::focus-padding = 1 text[SELECTED] = @selected_fg_color text[INSENSITIVE] = shade (0.625,@bg_color) base[PRELIGHT] = mix(0.80, @base_color, @selected_bg_color) bg[NORMAL] = "#ffffff" bg[INSENSITIVE] = "#dcdcdc" bg[SELECTED] = @selected_bg_color } style "theme-spin-button" { bg[NORMAL] = "#d2d2d2" bg[ACTIVE] = "#868686" bg[PRELIGHT] = "#7f4426" bg[SELECTED] = shade(1.10,@selected_bg_color) bg[INSENSITIVE] = "#dcdcdc" base[NORMAL] = "#ffffff" base[INSENSITIVE] = "#dcdcdc" text[NORMAL] = "#000000" text[INSENSITIVE] = "#aeaeae" } style "theme-calendar" { xthickness = 0 ythickness = 0 bg[NORMAL] = "#676767" bg[PRELIGHT] = shade(0.92,@bg_color) bg[ACTIVE] = "#ff0000" bg[INSENSITIVE] = "#ff0000" bg[SELECTED] = "#ff0000" text[PRELIGHT] = "#000000" text[NORMAL] = "#000000" text[INSENSITIVE]= "#000000" text[SELECTED] = "#ffffff" text[ACTIVE] = "#000000" fg[NORMAL] = "#ffffff" fg[PRELIGHT] = "#ffffff" fg[INSENSITIVE] = "#ffffff" fg[SELECTED] = "#ffffff" fg[ACTIVE] = "#ffffff" base[NORMAL] = "#ff0000" base[NORMAL] = "#aeaeae" base[INSENSITIVE] = "#00ff00" base[SELECTED] = "#f3720d" base[ACTIVE] = "#f3720d" } style "theme-separator-menu-item" { xthickness = 1 ythickness = 0 GtkSeparatorMenuItem::horizontal-padding = 2 # We are setting the desired height by using wide-separators # There is no other way to get the odd height ... GtkWidget::wide-separators = 1 GtkWidget::separator-width = 1 GtkWidget::separator-height = 5 } style "theme-frame" { xthickness = 10 ythickness = 0 GtkWidget::LABEL-SIDE-PAD = 14 GtkWidget::LABEL-PAD = 23 fg[NORMAL] = "#000000" fg[ACTIVE] = "#000000" fg[PRELIGHT] = "#000000" fg[SELECTED] = "#000000" fg[INSENSITIVE] = "#000000" bg[NORMAL] = "#e2e2e2" bg[ACTIVE] = "#000000" bg[PRELIGHT] = "#000000" bg[SELECTED] = "#000000" bg[INSENSITIVE] = "#000000" base[NORMAL] = "#000000" base[ACTIVE] = "#000000" base[PRELIGHT] = "#000000" base[SELECTED] = "#000000" base[INSENSITIVE]= "#000000" text[NORMAL] = "#000000" text[ACTIVE] = "#000000" text[PRELIGHT] = "#000000" text[SELECTED] = "#000000" text[INSENSITIVE]= "#000000" } style "theme-textview" { text[NORMAL] = "#000000" text[ACTIVE] = "#000000" text[PRELIGHT] = "#000000" text[SELECTED] = "#000000" text[INSENSITIVE] = "#434648" bg[NORMAL] = "#ffffff" bg[ACTIVE] = "#ffffff" bg[PRELIGHT] = "#ffffff" bg[SELECTED] = "#ffffff" bg[INSENSITIVE] = "#ffffff" fg[NORMAL] = "#ffffff" fg[ACTIVE] = "#ffffff" fg[PRELIGHT] = "#ffffff" fg[SELECTED] = "#ffffff" fg[INSENSITIVE] = "#ffffff" base[NORMAL] = "#ffffff" base[ACTIVE] = "#ffffff" base[PRELIGHT] = "#ffffff" base[SELECTED] = "#ff9a00" base[INSENSITIVE] = "#ffffff" } style "theme-clist" { text[NORMAL] = "#000000" text[ACTIVE] = "#000000" text[PRELIGHT] = "#000000" text[SELECTED] = "#000000" text[INSENSITIVE] = "#434648" bg[NORMAL] = "#353438" bg[ACTIVE] = "#ff9a00" bg[PRELIGHT] = "#ff9a00" bg[SELECTED] = "#ff9a00" bg[INSENSITIVE] = "#ffffff" fg[NORMAL] = "#000000" fg[ACTIVE] = "#ff9a00" fg[PRELIGHT] = "#ff9a00" fg[SELECTED] = "#fdff00" fg[INSENSITIVE] = "#757575" base[NORMAL] = "#ffffff" base[ACTIVE] = "#fdff00" base[PRELIGHT] = "#000000" base[SELECTED] = "#fdff00" base[INSENSITIVE] = "#757575" } style "theme-label" { bg[NORMAL] = "#414143" bg[ACTIVE] = "#c19676" bg[PRELIGHT] = "#7f4426" bg[SELECTED] = "#000000" bg[INSENSITIVE] = "#434346" fg[NORMAL] = "#000000" fg[INSENSITIVE] = "#434346" fg[PRELIGHT] = "#000000" fg[SELECTED] = "#000000" fg[ACTIVE] = "#000000" text[NORMAL] = "#ffffff" text[INSENSITIVE] = "#434346" text[PRELIGHT] = "#ffffff" text[SELECTED] = "#ffffff" text[ACTIVE] = "#ffffff" base[NORMAL] = "#000000" base[INSENSITIVE] = "#00ff00" base[PRELIGHT] = "#0000ff" base[ACTIVE] = "#f39638" } style "theme-button-label" { bg[NORMAL] = "#414143" bg[ACTIVE] = "#c19676" bg[PRELIGHT] = "#7f4426" bg[SELECTED] = "#000000" bg[INSENSITIVE] = "#434346" fg[NORMAL] = "#ffffff" fg[INSENSITIVE] = "#434346" fg[PRELIGHT] = "#ffffff" fg[SELECTED] = "#ffffff" fg[ACTIVE] = "#ffffff" text[NORMAL] = "#000000" text[INSENSITIVE] = "#434346" text[PRELIGHT] = "#000000" text[SELECTED] = "#000000" text[ACTIVE] = "#000000" base[NORMAL] = "#000000" base[INSENSITIVE] = "#00ff00" base[PRELIGHT] = "#0000ff" base[SELECTED] = "#ff00ff" base[ACTIVE] = "#ffff00" } style "theme-button-check-radio-label" { bg[NORMAL] = "#414143" bg[ACTIVE] = "#c19676" bg[PRELIGHT] = "#7f4426" bg[SELECTED] = "#000000" bg[INSENSITIVE] = "#434346" fg[NORMAL] = "#000000" fg[INSENSITIVE] = "#434346" fg[PRELIGHT] = "#000000" fg[SELECTED] = "#000000" fg[ACTIVE] = "#000000" text[NORMAL] = "#ffffff" text[INSENSITIVE] = "#434346" text[PRELIGHT] = "#ffffff" text[SELECTED] = "#000000" text[ACTIVE] = "#ffffff" base[NORMAL] = "#000000" base[INSENSITIVE] = "#00ff00" base[PRELIGHT] = "#0000ff" base[SELECTED] = "#ff00ff" base[ACTIVE] = "#ffff00" } style "theme-table" { bg[NORMAL] = "#848484" bg[ACTIVE] = "#c19676" bg[PRELIGHT] = "#7f4426" bg[SELECTED] = "#000000" bg[INSENSITIVE] = "#434346" } style "theme-iconview" { GtkWidget::focus-line-width=1 bg[NORMAL] = "#000000" bg[ACTIVE] = "#c19676" bg[PRELIGHT] = "#c19676" bg[SELECTED] = "#c19676" bg[INSENSITIVE] = "#969696" fg[NORMAL] = "#ffffff" fg[INSENSITIVE] = "#ffffff" fg[PRELIGHT] = "#ffffff" fg[SELECTED] = "#ffffff" fg[ACTIVE] = "#ffffff" text[NORMAL] = "#000000" text[INSENSITIVE] = "#434346" text[PRELIGHT] = "#000000" text[SELECTED] = "#000000" text[ACTIVE] = "#000000" base[NORMAL] = "#ffffff" base[INSENSITIVE] = "#434346" base[PRELIGHT] = "#FAD184" base[SELECTED] = "#FAD184" base[ACTIVE] = "#FAD184" } # Set Widget styles class "GtkWidget" style "theme-default" class "GtkScale" style "theme-scale" class "GtkRange" style "theme-range" class "GtkPaned" style "theme-paned" class "GtkFrame" style "theme-frame" class "GtkMenu" style "theme-menu" class "GtkMenuBar" style "theme-menubar" class "GtkEntry" style "theme-entry" class "GtkProgressBar" style "theme-progressbar" class "GtkToolbar" style "theme-toolbar" class "GtkSeparator" style "theme-wide" class "GtkCalendar" style "theme-calendar" class "GtkTable" style "theme-table" widget_class "*<GtkMenuItem>*" style "theme-menu-item" widget_class "*<GtkMenuBar>.<GtkMenuItem>*" style "theme-menubar-item" widget_class "*<GtkSeparatorMenuItem>*" style "theme-separator-menu-item" widget_class "*<GtkLabel>" style "theme-label" widget_class "*<GtkButton>" style "theme-button" widget_class "*<GtkButton>*<GtkLabel>*" style "theme-button-label" widget_class "*<GtkCheckButton>" style "theme-check-radio-buttons" widget_class "*<GtkToggleButton>.<GtkLabel>*" style "theme-button" widget_class "*<GtkCheckButton>.<GtkLabel>*" style "theme-button-check-radio-label" widget_class "*<GtkRadioButton>.<GtkLabel>*" style "theme-button-check-radio-label" widget_class "*<GtkTextView>" style "theme-textview" widget_class "*<GtkList>" style "theme-textview" widget_class "*<GtkCList>" style "theme-clist" widget_class "*<GtkIconView>" style "theme-iconview" widget_class "*<GtkHandleBox>" style "theme-handlebox" widget_class "*<GtkNotebook>" style "theme-notebook" widget_class "*<GtkNotebook>*<GtkEventBox>" style "theme-notebook" widget_class "*<GtkNotebook>*<GtkDrawingArea>" style "theme-notebook" widget_class "*<GtkNotebook>*<GtkLayout>" style "theme-notebook" widget_class "*<GtkNotebook>*<GtkViewport>" style "theme-notebook" widget_class "*<GtkNotebook>.<GtkLabel>*" style "theme-notebook" #for tabs # Combo Box Stuff widget_class "*<GtkCombo>*" style "theme-combo" widget_class "*<GtkComboBox>*<GtkButton>" style "theme-combo-box" widget_class "*<GtkComboBoxEntry>*" style "theme-entry-combo-box" widget_class "*<GtkSpinButton>*" style "theme-spin-button" widget_class "*<GtkSpinButton>*<GtkArrow>*" style:highest "theme-tree-arrow" # Tool Tips Stuff widget "gtk-tooltip*" style "theme-tooltips" # Tree View Stuff widget_class "*<GtkTreeView>.<GtkButton>*" style "theme-tree" widget_class "*<GtkCTree>.<GtkButton>*" style "theme-tree" widget_class "*<GtkList>.<GtkButton>*" style "theme-tree" widget_class "*<GtkCList>.<GtkButton>*" style "theme-tree" # For arrow bg widget_class "*<GtkTreeView>.<GtkButton>*<GtkArrow>" style "theme-tree-arrow" widget_class "*<GtkCTree>.<GtkButton>*<GtkArrow>" style "theme-tree-arrow" widget_class "*<GtkList>.<GtkButton>*<GtkArrow>" style "theme-tree-arrow" ####################################################### ## GNOME specific ####################################################### widget_class "*.ETree.ECanvas" style "theme-tree" widget_class "*.ETable.ECanvas" style "theme-tree" style "panelbuttons" = "theme-button" { # As buttons are draw lower this helps center text xthickness = 3 ythickness = 3 } widget_class "*Panel*<GtkButton>*" style "panelbuttons" style "murrine-fg-is-text-color-workaround" { text[NORMAL] = "#000000" text[ACTIVE] = "#fdff00" text[SELECTED] = "#fdff00" text[INSENSITIVE] = "#757575" bg[SELECTED] = "#b85e03" bg[ACTIVE] = "#b85e03" bg[SELECTED] = "#b85e03" fg[SELECTED] = "#ffffff" fg[NORMAL] = "#ffffff" fg[ACTIVE] = "#ffffff" fg[INSENSITIVE] = "#434348" fg[PRELIGHT] = "#ffffff" base[SELECTED] = "#ff9a00" base[NORMAL] = "#ffffff" base[ACTIVE] = "#ff9a00" base[INSENSITIVE] = "#434348" base[PRELIGHT] = "#ffffff" } widget_class "*.<GtkTreeView>*" style "murrine-fg-is-text-color-workaround" style "murrine-combobox-text-color-workaround" { text[NORMAL] = "#FFFFF" text[PRELIGHT] = "#FFFFF" text[SELECTED] = "#FFFFF" text[ACTIVE] = "#FFFFF" text[INSENSITIVE] = "#FFFFF" } widget_class "*.<GtkComboBox>.<GtkCellView>" style "murrine-combobox-text-color-workaround" style "murrine-menuitem-text-is-fg-color-workaround" { bg[NORMAL] = "#0000ff" text[NORMAL] = "#ffffff" text[PRELIGHT] = "#ffffff"#"#FD7D00" text[SELECTED] = "#ffffff"#"#ff0000"# @selected_fg_color text[ACTIVE] = "#ffffff"#"#ff0000"# "#FD7D00" text[INSENSITIVE] = "#ffffff"#ff0000"# "#414143" } widget "*.gtk-combobox-popup-menu.*" style "murrine-menuitem-text-is-fg-color-workaround"

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