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  • How to save output from the shell?

    - by user2971553
    I want to save this in a file form the shell: Type the number of steps N 10 Type the initial values ti and ai 0 1 23.000000 24.000000 46.000000 576.000000 69.000000 13824.000000 92.000000 331776.000000 115.000000 7962624.000000 138.000000 191102976.000000 161.000000 4586471424.000000 184.000000 110075314176.000000 207.000000 2641807540224.000000 230.000000 63403380965376.000000 253.000000 1521681143169024.000000 how to do it? it does not work by just typing: >./a.out>lalalla.txt

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  • Working with Content Shell on windows 7

    - by JAre
    I can't run Content Shell on my system (Windows 7 x64): When i run --dump-render-tree with the stable release content_shell.exe crashes with message: [XXXX:XXXX:0522/XXXXXX:XXXXXXXXX:FATAL:content_main_runner.cc(735)] Check failed: base::i18n::InitializeICU() were X - some number. And i can't run dev build because it misses mojo_system.dll. Is there any way to fix it? Does it work on Linux or MacOS? If so i probably can run it in VM For the time being.

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  • Run a shell command from Django

    - by Badifunky
    Hello, I'm developing a web page in Django (using apache server) that needs to call a shell command to enable/dissable some daemons. I'm try to do it with os.system(service httpd restart 1>$HOME/out 2>$HOME/error) and this command doesn't return anything. Any idea how can i fix this?

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  • script to recursively check for and select dependencies

    - by rp.sullivan
    I have written a script that does this but it is one of my first scripts ever so i am sure there is a better way:) Let me know how you would go about doing this. I'm looking for a simple yet efficient way to do this. Here is some important background info: ( It might be a little confusing but hopefully by the end it will make sense. ) 1) This image shows the structure/location of the relevant dirs and files. 2) The packages.file located at ./config/default/config/packages is a space delimited file. field5 is the "package name" which i will call $a for explanations sake. field4 is the name of the dir containing the $a.dir i will call $b field1 shows if the package is selected or not, "X"(capital x) for selected and "O"(capital o as in orange) for not selected. Here is an example of what the packages.file might contain: ... X ---3------ 104.800 database gdbm 1.8.3 / base/library CROSS 0 O -1---5---- 105.000 base libiconv 1.13.1 / base/tool CROSS 0 X 01---5---- 105.000 base pkgconfig 0.25 / base/tool CROSS 0 X -1-3------ 105.000 base texinfo 4.13a / base/tool CROSS DIETLIBC 0 O -----5---- 105.000 develop duma 2_5_15 / base/development CROSS NOPARALLEL 0 O -----5---- 105.000 develop electricfence 2_4_13 / base/development CROSS 0 O -----5---- 105.000 develop gnupth 2.0.7 / extra/development CROSS NOPARALLEL FPIC-QUIRK 0 ... 3) For almost every package listed in the "packages.file" there is a corresponding ".cache file" The .cache file for package $a would be located at ./package/$b/$a/$a.cache The .cache files contain a list of dependencies for that particular package. Here is an example of one of the .cache files might look like. Note that the dependencies are field2 of lines containing "[DEP]" These dependencies are all names of packages in the "package.file" [TIMESTAMP] 1134178701 Sat Dec 10 02:38:21 2005 [BUILDTIME] 295 (9) [SIZE] 11.64 MB, 191 files [DEP] 00-dirtree [DEP] bash [DEP] binutils [DEP] bzip2 [DEP] cf [DEP] coreutils ... So with all that in mind... I'm looking for a shell script that: From within the "main dir" Looks at the ./config/default/config/packages file and finds the "selected" packages and reads the corresponding .cache Then compiles a list of dependencies that excludes the already selected packages Then selects the dependencies (by changing field1 to X) in the ./config/default/config/packages file and repeats until all the dependencies are met Note: The script will ultimately end up in the "scripts dir" and be called from the "main dir". If this is not clear let me know what need clarification. For those interested I'm playing around with T2 SDE. If you are into playing around with linux it might be worth taking a look.

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  • Hang while starting several daemons [solved]

    - by Adrian Lang
    I’m running a Debian Squeeze AMD64 server. Target runlevel after boot is runlevel 2, which includes rsyslogd, cron, sshd and some other stuff, but not dovecot, postfix, apache2, etc. The system fails to reach runlevel 2 with several symptoms: The system hangs at trying to start rsyslogd Booting into runlevel 1 works, then login from the console works Starting rsyslogd from runlevel 1 via /etc/init.d/rsyslog hangs Starting runlevel 2 with rsyslogd disabled works But then, logging in via console fails: I get the motd, and then nothing Starting sshd from runlevel 1 succeeds But then, I cannot login via ssh. Sometimes password ssh login gives me the motd and then nothing, sometimes not even this. Trying to offer a public key seems to annoy the sshd enough to not talk to me any further. When rebooting from runlevel 1, the server hangs at trying to stop apache2 (which is not running, so this really should be trivial). Trying to stop apache2 when logged in in runleve 1 does hang as well. And that’s just the stuff which fails all the time. RAM has been tested, dmesg shows no problems. I have no clue. Update: (shortened) output from rsyslogd -c4 -d called in runlevel 1 rsyslogd 4.6.4 startup, compatibility mode 4, module path '' caller requested object 'net', not found (iRet -3003) Requested to load module 'lmnet' loading module '/user/lib/rsyslog/lmnet.so' module of type 2 being loaded conf.c requested ref for 'lmnet', refcount 1 rsylog runtime initialized, version 4.6.4, current users 1 syslogd.c requested ref for 'lmnet', refcount now 2 I can kill rsyslogd with Strg+C, then. /var/log shows none of the configured log files, though. Update2: Thanks to @DerfK I still have no clue, but at least I narrowed down the problem. I’m now testing with /etc/init.d/apache2 stop (without an apache2 running, of course) which hangs as well and looks like an even more obvious failure. After some testing I found out that a file with one single line: /usr/sbin/apache2ctl configtest /dev/null 2&1 hangs, while the same line executed in an interactive shell works. I was not able to further reduce this line while, i. e. every single part, the stream redirections and the commando itself is necessary to reproduce the hang. @DerfK also pointed me to strace which gave a shallow hint about what kind of hang we have here: wait4(-1for the init scripts futex(0xsomepointer, FUTEX_WAIT_PRIVATE, 2, NULL for rsyslogd / apache2 binaries called by the init scripts The system was installed as a Debian Lenny by my hoster in autumn 2011, I upgraded it to Squeeze immediately and kept it up to date with Squeeze, which then used to be testing. There were no big changes, though. I guess I never tried to reboot the system before. Update3: I found the problem. My /etc/nsswitch.conf specified ldap as hosts lookup backup, which is not available at that time of the boot. Relying on dns solely fixes my boot problems.

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  • Hang while starting several daemons

    - by Adrian Lang
    I’m running a Debian Squeeze AMD64 server. Target runlevel after boot is runlevel 2, which includes rsyslogd, cron, sshd and some other stuff, but not dovecot, postfix, apache2, etc. The system fails to reach runlevel 2 with several symptoms: The system hangs at trying to start rsyslogd Booting into runlevel 1 works, then login from the console works Starting rsyslogd from runlevel 1 via /etc/init.d/rsyslog hangs Starting runlevel 2 with rsyslogd disabled works But then, logging in via console fails: I get the motd, and then nothing Starting sshd from runlevel 1 succeeds But then, I cannot login via ssh. Sometimes password ssh login gives me the motd and then nothing, sometimes not even this. Trying to offer a public key seems to annoy the sshd enough to not talk to me any further. When rebooting from runlevel 1, the server hangs at trying to stop apache2 (which is not running, so this really should be trivial). Trying to stop apache2 when logged in in runleve 1 does hang as well. And that’s just the stuff which fails all the time. RAM has been tested, dmesg shows no problems. I have no clue. Update: (shortened) output from rsyslogd -c4 -d called in runlevel 1 rsyslogd 4.6.4 startup, compatibility mode 4, module path '' caller requested object 'net', not found (iRet -3003) Requested to load module 'lmnet' loading module '/user/lib/rsyslog/lmnet.so' module of type 2 being loaded conf.c requested ref for 'lmnet', refcount 1 rsylog runtime initialized, version 4.6.4, current users 1 syslogd.c requested ref for 'lmnet', refcount now 2 I can kill rsyslogd with Strg+C, then. /var/log shows none of the configured log files, though. Update2: Thanks to @DerfK I still have no clue, but at least I narrowed down the problem. I’m now testing with /etc/init.d/apache2 stop (without an apache2 running, of course) which hangs as well and looks like an even more obvious failure. After some testing I found out that a file with one single line: /usr/sbin/apache2ctl configtest /dev/null 2&1 hangs, while the same line executed in an interactive shell works. I was not able to further reduce this line while, i. e. every single part, the stream redirections and the commando itself is necessary to reproduce the hang. @DerfK also pointed me to strace which gave a shallow hint about what kind of hang we have here: wait4(-1for the init scripts futex(0xsomepointer, FUTEX_WAIT_PRIVATE, 2, NULL for rsyslogd / apache2 binaries called by the init scripts The system was installed as a Debian Lenny by my hoster in autumn 2011, I upgraded it to Squeeze immediately and kept it up to date with Squeeze, which then used to be testing. There were no big changes, though. I guess I never tried to reboot the system before.

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  • Init script & the green [ OK ]

    - by Lord Loh.
    I am trying to install fast-cgi for nginx on an EC2 instance. I followed the steps explained here, but that is meant for Debian and does not work out of the box for a red-hat based system. I modified the script a bit to look like - #!/bin/bash ### BEGIN INIT INFO # Provides: php-fcgi # Required-Start: $nginx # Required-Stop: $nginx # Default-Start: 2 3 4 5 # Default-Stop: 0 1 6 # Short-Description: starts php over fcgi # Description: starts php over fcgi ### END INIT INFO . /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions (( EUID )) && echo .You need to have root priviliges.. && exit 1 BIND=/tmp/php.socket USER=nginx PHP_FCGI_CHILDREN=15 PHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS=1000 PHP_CGI=/usr/bin/php-cgi PHP_CGI_NAME=`basename $PHP_CGI` PHP_CGI_ARGS="- USER=$USER PATH=/usr/bin PHP_FCGI_CHILDREN=$PHP_FCGI_CHILDREN PHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS=$PHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS $PHP_CGI -b $BIND" RETVAL=0 start() { echo -n "Starting PHP FastCGI: " #ORIGINAL LINE #daemon $PHP_CGI --quiet --start --background --chuid "$USER" --exec /usr/bin/env -- $PHP_CGI_ARGS #MODIFIED LINE daemon --user=$USER $PHP_CGI -b $BIND& RETVAL=$? echo [ $RETVAL -eq 0 ] && touch /var/lock/subsys/php-fcgi #echo "$PHP_CGI_NAME." } stop() { echo -n "Stopping PHP FastCGI: " killall -q -w -u $USER $PHP_CGI RETVAL=$? echo "$PHP_CGI_NAME." rm /var/lock/subsys/php-fcgi } case "$1" in start) start ;; stop) stop ;; restart) stop start ;; *) echo "Usage: php-fastcgi {start|stop|restart}" exit 1 ;; esac exit $RETVAL The problem I have now is - service php-fcgi start keeps the shell blocked. If I run service php-fcgi start & and then ps aux, I see the php-cgi process running bound to the socket. I see the start command stop only when I execute service php-fcgi stop. How do I solve this blocking issue? I have tried adding an & at the end of the line spawning the daemon. But other scripts do not seem to be doing this. This is the most complicated script I am attempting to modify yet :-( How do I get the script to display the green [ OK ]? I checked scripts like httpd and saw that all they were doing was something as shown below. But I never see a green [ OK ] when I execute php-fcgi. I also discovered that putting echo_success with functions sourced displays the green [ OK ] but I do not see any other scripts in the /etc/rc.d/init.d/ executing echo_success or echo_failure. What have I got wrong? Also, How do i specify PHP_FCGI_CHILDREN with daemon? echo [ $RETVAL -eq 0 ] && touch /var/lock/subsys/

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  • cd Command Linux and Mystery Flags

    - by Jason R. Mick
    Platform: CentOS 6.2 Shell:tcsh I'm playing around with cd for a BASH script, and noticed the wondrous cd - option, but was left with many questions... Why the cd -? Isn't this redundant with cd ..? EDIT [As FatalError points out, these two commands don't do the same things... so the answer is "no"] Can you delve farther back into your history with - flag, a la in a browser? e.g. When I type cd -, it takes me to my previous directory, but then if I enter that command again, it takes me to the directory I just came from, creating a sort of loop. Is a shorthand for going back multiple levels supported?EDITI realize I can go back with cd .., but was hoping this could be a gateway to a less verbose deep back, e.g. cd -3 vs. cd ../../../ ... hopefully that clarifies what I'm asking....EDIT2As to the current feedback, while .. is a special directory, I don't see a reason why the built-in cd to the terminal couldn't use a shorthand for ../../ ... ../ e.g. cd ..5 or why the built-in also couldn't have a history (a la auto pushd/popd) that could be turned on and used like cd -3. I get that this could be somewhat of security/privacy risk, but I don't see how it's any worst than storing a command history, which most shells/terminals do. The manpage for cd, accessible via man cd and help cd (it's the same for either command), only lists -L and -P flags. However when I type in cd --help it outputs Usage: cd [-plvn][-|<dir>].. Am I right in assuming the other flags and the - (back) option are nonstandard? What are the -n and -v flags for? Both seem to take me back to my home directory, that's all I've been able to figure out via experimentation. A quick read on web resources [1][2] offered just the same sort of info that the man page did and didn't answer my questions. Note: The second Linux-centric resource above claimed cd only had two options (obviously not true in current CentOS) hence my assumption that this functionality could be non-standard.

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  • Printing Stdout In Command Line App Without Overwriting Pending User Input

    - by Chris S
    In a basic Unix-shell app, how would you print to stdout without disturbing any pending user input. e.g. Below is a simple Python app that echos user input. A thread running in the background prints a counter every 1 second. import threading, time class MyThread( threading.Thread ): running = False def run(self): self.running = True i = 0 while self.running: i += 1 time.sleep(1) print i t = MyThread() t.daemon = True t.start() try: while 1: inp = raw_input('command> ') print inp finally: t.running = False Note how the thread mangles the displayed user input as they type it (e.g. hell1o wo2rld3). How would you work around that, so that the shell writes a new line while preserving the line the user's currently typing on?

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  • Resources to learn sh scripting 'just like a normal programming language'

    - by Homer J. Simpson
    Hi, what is the best resource (book would be nice) to learn sh scripting (the "standard" shell on Unix systems) just like when i would learn a "normal" programming/scripting language ? There are lots of tutorials on certain aspects of shell scripting, they mostly deal with shells in general and unix commands and so on, but i would rather like to find a more general approach - meaning a quick syntactic overview and an outlook on how to do things you normally do when programming, like implementing small algorithms and so on. Doing actual scripting, not just a structured batch file. And rather 100-liners than 1-to-3-liners. Can you recommend a good standard book on the topic ?

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  • Change Cursor for Netbeans on Linux

    - by Daziplqa
    Hi, I am recently have been successfully installed NetBean 6.8 on Ubuntu Box (10.04). But the problem is, NetBeans doesn't use the Gnome mouse Cursor by default. instead, It uses some freak mouse cursor that I hate! So, do you have any idea about how to change the cursor that appears inside netbeans.(I have looked inside tools options but without any output) Also I have did: $ grep -iR cursor * Binary file var/cache/all-resources.dat matches Binary file var/cache/all-layers.dat matches Binary file var/cache/index/s2/javascript/8/1/_0.cfs matches (note, I didn't talked here about how to change the cursor inside some Java program written in NetBeans) Thanks in advance.

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  • installing ruby/gnome2 on ruby1.9

    - by sawa
    My purpose is to install ruby/gnome2 and make it work with ruby1.9 on Ubuntu9.10. I already have ruby/gnome2 working with ruby1.8, but I need to make it work with ruby1.9. I also have ruby1.9 working. When I run within ruby-gnome2-all-0.19.3: ruby1.9 extconf.rb it eventually gives me: Target libraries: glib, gdkpixbuf, pango, atk, gtk, gconf, libglade Ignored libraries: gnomeprintui, panel-applet, gtksourceview, gtksourceview2, bonoboui, bonobo, libart, goocanvas, rsvg, gnomeprint, gstreamer, vte, gnomevfs, poppler, gnomecanvas, gtkglext, gnome, gtkmozembed, gtkhtml2 so it seems some packages failed to be installed. When I look for the log for example for the gnomeprintui part, it exits after returning: cheking for libgnomeprinrui-2.2... no but apt-get says I have the newest version of it. Can anyone tell me how to resolve this problem?

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  • « Linux a échoué sur le Desktop » pour le créateur de GNOME, un avis tranché qui divise la communauté open source

    « Linux a échoué sur le Desktop » pour le créateur de GNOME un avis tranché qui divise la communauté open source Miguel De Icaza, l'un des créateurs et meneur du développement de l'environnement de bureau libre pour Linux GNOME estime dans un article que « Linux est un échec en tant qu'OS grand public ». Un point de vue qui n'a pas manqué de créer une grosse polémique dans le monde de l'open source, entrainant des critiques acerbes de la part de Linus Torvalds. Déjà connu pour son franc-parler et son gout pour la polémique, Miguel De Icaza dans un long billet de blog intitulé « ce qui a tué le noyau Linux », fustige la communauté Linux et les choix de développement de celle...

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  • Using commands with ApplicationBarMenuItem and ApplicationBarButton in Windows Phone 7

    - by Laurent Bugnion
    Unfortunately, in the current version of the Windows Phone 7 Silverlight framework, it is not possible to attach any command on the ApplicationBarMenuItem and ApplicationBarButton controls. These two controls appear in the Application Bar, for example with the following markup: <phoneNavigation:PhoneApplicationPage.ApplicationBar> <shell:ApplicationBar x:Name="MainPageApplicationBar"> <shell:ApplicationBar.MenuItems> <shell:ApplicationBarMenuItem Text="Add City" /> <shell:ApplicationBarMenuItem Text="Add Country" /> </shell:ApplicationBar.MenuItems> <shell:ApplicationBar.Buttons> <shell:ApplicationBarIconButton IconUri="/Resources/appbar.feature.video.rest.png" /> <shell:ApplicationBarIconButton IconUri="/Resources/appbar.feature.settings.rest.png" /> <shell:ApplicationBarIconButton IconUri="/Resources/appbar.refresh.rest.png" /> </shell:ApplicationBar.Buttons> </shell:ApplicationBar> </phoneNavigation:PhoneApplicationPage.ApplicationBar> This code will create the following UI: Application bar, collapsed Application bar, expanded ApplicationBarItems are not, however, controls. A quick look in MSDN shows the following hierarchy for ApplicationBarMenuItem, for example: Unfortunately, this prevents all the mechanisms that are normally used to attach a Command (for example a RelayCommand) to a control. For example, the attached behavior present in the class ButtonBaseExtension (from the Silverlight 3 version of the MVVM Light toolkit) can only be attached to a DependencyObject. Similarly, Blend behaviors (such as EventToCommand from the toolkit’s Extras library) needs a FrameworkElement to work. Using code behind The alternative is to use code behind. As I said in my MIX10 talk, the MVVM police will not take your family away if you use code behind (this quote was actually suggested to me by Glenn Block); the code behind is there for a reason. In our case, invoking a command in the ViewModel requires the following code: In MainPage.xaml: <shell:ApplicationBarMenuItem Text="My Menu 1" Click="ApplicationBarMenuItemClick"/> In MainPage.xaml.cs private void ApplicationBarMenuItemClick( object sender, System.EventArgs e) { var vm = DataContext as MainViewModel; if (vm != null) { vm.MyCommand.Execute(null); } } Conclusion Resorting to code behind to bridge the gap between the View and the ViewModel is less elegant than using attached behaviors, either through an attached property or through a Blend behavior. It does, however, work fine. I don’t have any information if future changes in the Windows Phone 7 Application Bar API will make this easier. In the mean time, I would recommend using code behind instead.   Laurent Bugnion (GalaSoft) Subscribe | Twitter | Facebook | Flickr | LinkedIn

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  • Birt 2.5.2 report generates empty table data when run from a cron job

    - by Trueblood
    I've got a shell script that runs genReport.sh in order to create a .pdf formatted report, and it works perfectly when it's run from the command line. The data source for the report is a ClearQuest database. When it's run from a CRON job the .pdf file is created, except that only the various report and column headers are displayed, and the data of the report is missing. There are no errors reported to STDERR during the execution of the script. This screams "environment variable" to me. Currently, the shell script is defining the following: CQ_HOME BIRT_HOME ODBCINI ODBCINST LD_LIBRARY_PATH If it's an environmental thing, what part of the environment am I missing?

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  • How do i use RVM w/ Hudson CI server on Debian?

    - by JoshReedSchramm
    I'm trying to setup an automated "build" server for my rails projects using Hudson CI. SO far it's able to run specs and do metrics on the code but I have 2 different projects dependent on 2 different versions of ruby. So i'm trying to use RVM to run multiple copies of ruby then switch back and forth in a pre-build step. I found a couple posts like this one that try and explain how to make this work, but I'm not running a startup script for hudson, it starts on boot which is how it worked out of the box when i installed it via the debian instructions. The problem seems to be that even though hudson runs under the "hudson" account and that account has rvm installed (and working) when it tries to run a shell based prebuild step to call rvm switch 1.8.7 it fails with the error "rvm: command not found" Not sure what I'm doing wrong. Hudson is using SH as its shell but i also tried using bash. no luck. Has anyone gotten this working before in this setup?

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  • set proxy for vpn server on ubuntu server 12.4

    - by Morteza Soltanabadiyan
    I have a vpn server with HTTPS, L2TP , OPENVPN , PPTP. i want to set proxy in the server so all connection that comes from vpn clients use the proxy that i set in my server. I made a bash script file for it , but proxy not working. gsettings set org.gnome.system.proxy mode 'manual' gsettings set org.gnome.system.proxy.http enabled true gsettings set org.gnome.system.proxy.http host 'cproxy.anadolu.edu.tr' gsettings set org.gnome.system.proxy.http port 8080 gsettings set org.gnome.system.proxy.http authentication-user 'admin' gsettings set org.gnome.system.proxy.http authentication-password 'admin' gsettings set org.gnome.system.proxy use-same-proxy true export http_proxy=http://admin:[email protected]:8080 export https_proxy=http://admin:[email protected]:8080 export HTTP_PROXY=http://admin:[email protected]:8080 export HTTPS_PROXY=http://admin:[email protected]:8080 Now , I don't know what to do to make a global proxy for server and all vpn clients use it automatically.

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  • Other users on my Server?

    - by Jennifer Weinberg
    I'm buying a Server from a person (that I don't know really well) and I want to make sure that the previous owner hasn't got any access anymore. It's an Ubuntu Virtual Server and I already received the admin access (via shell). How can I find out if there are still other accounts left, who are still able to access my server (e.g. with a still existing shell account, ftp or another type of user account)? And how can I delete them if these accounts exist? Best regards, Jennifer

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  • How do I launch a subprocess in C# with an argv? (Or convert agrv to a legal arg string)

    - by lucas
    I have a C# command-line application that I need to run in windows and under mono in unix. At some point I want to launch a subprocess given a set of arbitrary paramaters passed in via the command line. For instance: Usage: mycommandline [-args] -- [arbitrary program] Unfortunately, System.Diagnostics.ProcessStartInfo only takes a string for args. This is a problem for commands such as: ./my_commandline myarg1 myarg2 -- grep "a b c" foo.txt In this case argv looks like : argv = {"my_commandline", "myarg1", "myarg2", "--", "grep", "a b c", "foo.txt"} Note that the quotes around "a b c" are stripped by the shell so if I simply concatenate the arguments in order to create the arg string for ProcessStartInfo I get: args = "my_commandline myarg1 myarg2 -- grep a b c foo.txt" Which is not what I want. Is there a simple way to either pass an argv to subprocess launch under C# OR to convert an arbitrary argv into a string which is legal for windows and linux shell? Any help would be greatly appreciated.

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  • Auto SSH and execute script

    - by rohanbk
    I have roughly 12 computers that each have the same script on them. This script merely pings all the other machines, and prints out whether the machine is "reachable" or "unreachable". However, it is inefficient to login to each machine manually using ssh to execute this script. Suppose I'm logged into node 1. Is there any way to for me to login to node 2-12 automatically using SSH, execute the ping script, pipe the results to a file, logout and proceed to the next machine? Some kind of bash shell script? I'm afraid I'm at a loss here since I haven't had experience with shell-scripting before.

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  • Is it bad practice to use python's getattr extensively?

    - by Wilduck
    I'm creating a shell-like environment. My original method of handleing user input was to use a dictionary mapping commands (strings) to methods of various classes, making use of the fact that functions are first class objects in python. For flexibility's sake (mostly for parsing commands), I'm thinking of changing my setup such that I'm using getattr(command), to grab the method I need and then passing arguments to it at the end of my parser. Another advantage of this approach is not having to update my (currently statically implemented) command dictionary every time I add a new method/command. My question is, will I be taking a hit to the efficiency of my shell? Does it matter how many methods/commands I have? I'm currently looking at 30 some commands, which could eventually double.

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  • How can I find out the original username a process was started with?

    - by szabgab
    There is a perl script that needs to run as root but the we must make sure the user who runs the script did not log-in originally as user foo as it will be removed during the script. So how can I find out if the user, who might have su-ed several times since she logged in has not impersonated 'foo' at any time in that chain? I found an interesting perl script that was calling the following two shell scripts, but I think that would only work on Solaris. my $shell_paren = `ps -ef | grep -v grep | awk \'{print \$2\" \"\$3}\' | egrep \"^@_\" | awk \'{print \$2}'`; my $parent_owner = `ps -ef | grep -v grep | awk \'{print \$1\" \"\$2}\' | grep @_ | awk \'{print \$1}\'`; This needs to work on both Linux and Solaris and I'd rather eliminate the repeated calls to he the shell and keep the whole thing in Perl.

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