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• Can SSH into remote server but can't SCP?

  - by ArtfulDodger2012

  I can SSH into remote server just fine using private key authentication with prompt for passphrase. However I'm getting permission denied when I try to SCP a file using the same passphrase. Here's my output: $ scp -v [file] [user]@[remoteserver.com]:/home/[my dir] Executing: program /usr/bin/ssh host [remoteserver.com], user [user], command scp -v -t /home/[my dir] OpenSSH_5.3p1 Debian-3ubuntu7, OpenSSL 0.9.8k 25 Mar 2009 debug1: Reading configuration data /home/[my dir].ssh/config debug1: Applying options for [remoteserver.com] debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh/ssh_config debug1: Applying options for * debug1: Connecting to [remoteserver.com] [[remoteserver.com]] port 22. debug1: Connection established. debug1: identity file /home/[user]/.ssh/aws_corp type -1 debug1: Remote protocol version 2.0, remote software version OpenSSH_5.3p1 Debian-3ubuntu7 debug1: match: OpenSSH_5.3p1 Debian-3ubuntu7 pat OpenSSH* debug1: Enabling compatibility mode for protocol 2.0 debug1: Local version string SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_5.3p1 Debian-3ubuntu7 debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT sent debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT received debug1: kex: server->client aes128-ctr hmac-md5 none debug1: kex: client->server aes128-ctr hmac-md5 none debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REQUEST(1024<1024<8192) sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_GROUP debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_INIT sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REPLY debug1: Host '[remoteserver.com]' is known and matches the RSA host key. debug1: Found key in /home/[my dir]/.ssh/known_hosts:12 debug1: ssh_rsa_verify: signature correct debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS received debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_REQUEST sent debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_ACCEPT received debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey debug1: Next authentication method: publickey debug1: Trying private key: /home/[my dir]/.ssh/aws_corp debug1: PEM_read_PrivateKey failed debug1: read PEM private key done: type <unknown> Enter passphrase for key '/home/[my dir]/.ssh/aws_corp': debug1: read PEM private key done: type RSA Connection closed by [remote server] lost connection I've searched for answers but can't find quite the same problem or am just being thick. Either way any help is much appreciated. Cheers!

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• Windows 7 scheduled task returns 0x2

  - by demmith

  I have identical scheduled tasks running in Windows XP Pro and Windows 7. The XP Pro one runs fine, the Windows 7 one always returns 0x2 (which means, "The system cannot find the file specified"; however, executing from the command line is no problem) in the Last Run Result column of the Task Scheduler UI. The scheduled task executes a .bat file daily. The .bat file contains a call to execute a Perl script. As I stated in the previous paragraph, it executes under XP without any trouble but under Windows 7, no dice. The task under Windows 7 is set to "run whether the user is logged on or not." In this case it is me, I am the only user of the system. It is also set to "Run with highest privileges." And it is not hidden. The .bat file executes perfectly well from the command line - it calls the Perl script as expected and the Perl script does its thing. I have searched far and wide looking for an appropriate answer to this issue. So far I have found nothing. What the devil is going on with this Win7 scheduled task? I am ready to pull my hair out.

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• Pull network or power? (for contianing a rooted server)

  - by Aleksandr Levchuk

  When a server gets rooted (e.g. a situation like this), one of the first things that you may decide to do is containment. Some security specialists advise not to enter remediation immediately and to keep the server online until forensics are completed. Those advises are usually for APT. It's different if you have occasional Script kiddie breaches. However, you may decide to remediate (fix things) early and one of the steps in remediation is containment of the server. Quoting from Robert Moir's Answer - "disconnect the victim from its muggers". A server can be contained by pulling the network cable or the power cable. Which method is better? Taking into consideration the need for: Protecting victims from further damage Executing successful forensics (Possibly) Protecting valuable data on the server Edit: 5 assumptions Assuming: You detected early: 24 hours. You want to recover early: 3 days of 1 systems admin on the job (forensics and recovery). The server is not a Virtual Machine or a Container able to take a snapshot capturing the contents of the servers memory. You decide not to attempt prosecuting. You suspect that the attacker may be using some form of software (possibly sophisticated) and this software is still running on the server.

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• suPHP not working

  - by amarc

  OS: Ubuntu 10.04 etc/suphp/suphp.conf: [global] ;Path to logfile logfile=/var/log/suphp/suphp.log ;Loglevel loglevel=info ;User Apache is running as webserver_user=www-data ;Path all scripts have to be in docroot=/home ;Path to chroot() to before executing script ;chroot=/mychroot ; Security options allow_file_group_writeable=false allow_file_others_writeable=false allow_directory_group_writeable=false allow_directory_others_writeable=false ;Check wheter script is within DOCUMENT_ROOT check_vhost_docroot=true ;Send minor error messages to browser errors_to_browser=false ;PATH environment variable env_path=/bin:/usr/bin ;Umask to set, specify in octal notation umask=0077 ; Minimum UID min_uid=100 ; Minimum GID min_gid=100 [handlers] ;Handler for php-scripts application/x-httpd-suphp="php:/usr/bin/php-cgi" ;Handler for CGI-scripts x-suphp-cgi="execute:!self" some vhost in sites-enabled: NameVirtualHost *:8080 <VirtualHost *:8080> ServerAdmin ... ServerName ... ServerAlias ... AddType application/x-httpd-php .php AddHandler application/x-httpd-php .php suPHP_Engine on suPHP_UserGroup user user suPHP_ConfigPath "/home/user/etc" suPHP_PHPPath /usr/bin DocumentRoot /home/user/web/site.com/ ErrorLog /var/log/apache2/site.com-error_log CustomLog /var/log/apache2/site.com-access_log common <Directory /home/user/web/site.com/> Order Deny,Allow Allow from all Options +Indexes </Directory> </VirtualHost> But when I did nano /home/user/web/id.php and paste <?php system('id'); ?> in it, result I get is: uid=33(www-data) gid=33(www-data) groups=33(www-data) Have no idea what to do so I was hoping comunity could help ty.

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• Hibernation fails; The system cannot find the file specified

  - by GMMan

  Recently I installed Ubuntu 12.04.1 LTS on my Lenovo Y480. Hibernation was working properly after the Ubuntu install, but I was making sure all of the operating systems on my system worked, including OneKey Recovery (recovery partition). It is of note that I installed Windows 7 from scratch with a disk image I downloaded off of my university's DreamSpark program, and further to that I had to image the partition with Paragon Backup & Recovery, repartition to convert the Windows partition to extended, install Ubuntu, and then restore the image. During that process I also used the Windows disc to edit the BCD as to reuse the existing entry for the restored partition. I also used the automated "repair your computer" option. With verification, I noticed that the "repair your computer" option actually wrote to the wrong BCD (the recovery partition), and I mounted the partition and restored the original BCD (from a copy I made earlier), and rebooted. At this point my GRUB broke, and I was able to restore it. At this point hibernation broke. I tried powercfg /h off and powercfg /h on, rebooted, and nothing. Also tried increasing the hibernation file size as directed on this post, but it still doesn't work. Executing shutdown /h yields The system cannot find the file specified.(2). What file? It seems that mounting the system partition sometimes works, but I don't want to keep it mounted in case it gets written to accidentally. How do I permanently fix this?

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• Suggestions for cleaning up the mess after removing the "system tool" virus?

  - by Ross

  Hi! Last night I got infected with the "System Tool" virus. For those who don't know it disallows the user from executing any software, changes the desktop, stops all security software from running, and continually requests that you buy a Trojan security software. It took me a few hours but I finally managed to remove the software. To do this I went into my Ubuntu partition and searched out files that had been created around the time that I got infected and deleted the executable. Then I went back into my W7 partition and ran an MBAM full scan, an MSE full scan, an AVG bootable USB scan, and ran a ClamAV scan from my Ubuntu partition (Together these found 3 more infected executables). I also ran a Ccleaner full sweep and the registry cleaner just in case. I think I have found all of the problems but am still concerned that there might be a payload leftover from the virus that I didn't find. Do you have any suggestions of what else I can do to be sure. Just FYI I use W7 64 bit and MSE as my primary antivirus. I was using chrome when I got infected and it seems that it was due to a slightly out of date Java installation (MSE gave me a warning that the website had used a Java exploit and then my desktop changed to the classic "System Tools" desktop) Thank you very much for your help.

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• Hard drive causing BSOD

  - by JoshIrving

  I've come across a problem after building my new PC and installing a clean Windows 7. I originally planed on a RAID 1 or 0 but after further research I decided against it. So I was left with two 1TB Western Digital Black SATA 6Gb/s hard drives. My plan now was to use my second hard drive as a backup (using Windows Backup or 3rd party software). I set both hard drives to AHCI in the BIOS and installed Windows 7. I went through the lengthy process of downloading and installing each driver manually (latest versions), using the motherboard disk for a list of what I need. After a few restarts and before installing any software, I took an image backup onto DVD and the second hard drive. First witnessed the problem during the first scheduled Windows backup. The progress bar froze at about 70% (doc backup done, image backup in progress). It stayed still for 2 hours until it blue screened. Next time the backup froze, I tried shutting down. It logged me out and got stuck at the last step ("Shutting down" and blue spinner) for an hour, until I hard shutdown. I later realised this hasn't got anything to do with the backup. I ended up blue screening on almost every shut down (same place). Turns out, it's because of the second hard drive spinning down or turning off. The computer will now shutdown properly, as long as I remember to read or write to the second drive before executing shutdown. I've now set "Turn off hard disk after: Never" - No problems, so far. Do I have dodgy hard drive(s) or should I investigate the POWER_STATE_DRIVER_FAILURE BSOD - can it be a driver issue? AHCI?

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• Hard drive causing BSOD

  - by JoshIrving

  I've come across a problem after building my new PC and installing a clean Windows 7. I originally planed on a RAID 1 or 0 but after further research I decided against it. So I was left with two 1TB Western Digital Black SATA 6Gb/s hard drives. My plan now was to use my second hard drive as a backup (using Windows Backup or 3rd party software). I set both hard drives to AHCI in the BIOS and installed Windows 7. I went through the lengthy process of downloading and installing each driver manually (latest versions), using the motherboard disk for a list of what I need. After a few restarts and before installing any software, I took an image backup onto DVD and the second hard drive. First witnessed the problem during the first scheduled Windows backup. The progress bar froze at about 70% (doc backup done, image backup in progress). It stayed still for 2 hours until it blue screened. Next time the backup froze, I tried shutting down. It logged me out and got stuck at the last step ("Shutting down" and blue spinner) for an hour, until I hard shutdown. I later realised this hasn't got anything to do with the backup. I ended up blue screening on almost every shut down (same place). Turns out, it's because of the second hard drive spinning down or turning off. The computer will now shutdown properly, as long as I remember to read or write to the second drive before executing shutdown. I've now set "Turn off hard disk after: Never" - No problems, so far. Do I have dodgy hard drive(s) or should I investigate the POWER_STATE_DRIVER_FAILURE BSOD - can it be a driver issue? AHCI?

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• SMF restarting service whenever there's output?

  - by Phillip Oldham

  I'm trying to add a custom service to SMF's configuration, which seems successful in that the service starts and there is a log file, but therein lies the problem; the service, on start-up, prints some logging messages to the stderr. It seems that SMF is seeing those messages and, believing them to be errors, restarts the service, giving up after a number of tries and leaving the service off. Here's part of the log output: [ Mar 30 14:59:54 Enabled. ] [ Mar 30 14:59:54 Executing start method ("java server.CustomServer"). ] Starting server... [ Mar 30 15:00:04 Method or service exit timed out. Killing contract 107. ] Running the server directly on the commandline is fine, and AFACS there are no errors being encountered during startup, other than the output. What would be the best way to manage this service with SMF? The logging is needed for diagnosing problems, and would be problematic to disable. Is it possible to configure this service to only restart if the service exists?

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• Java in a browser on Ubuntu

  - by Peter

  So I am running an old version of Ubuntu and all of a sudden, my capabilities to run Java in a browser have stopped and it no longer executes properly. Someone else set this up for me, but I believe it's running icedtea plugin 6 and jre 6. What would be the best ways to troubleshoot this? I suppose I could try downloading icedtea 7 and jre 7 (sun or openjdK) and see if that works? Also, in general, is installing icedtea, installing a java runtime environment, and then symlinking something to the plugins directory of your browser the best way to get Java working on most Linux systems? Unfortunately, there are many guides all over the internet offering totally different solutions, but this is probably the most common I've seen (not sure how well it works). My main use is downloading an executing .jnlp files (browsers should open it automatically). Although, I've seen people using "javasw" to run the file outside of a browser. Is this something I could consider doing? I can't seem to find javasw packaged for my version of Ubuntu.

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• Office 2010 Trust Center settings: How to enable data connections in the "old" way?

  - by GSerg

  We're planning an upgrade Office 2003 - 2010 and have identified a big problem. In Office 2003, if the workbook you're opening contains a query table that fetches data from a data source automatically (upon file open or in certain intervals), then a security dialog pops up - whether you want to allow that. If you say Yes, the queries will refresh automatically when they need to. If you say No, the queries will not refresh automatically, neither on file open nor on time intervals, but you will be able to refresh any of them manually at any time by right-clicking and selecting Refresh. There is also a registry parameter to say, Don't display that dialog, just allow the queries. This is exactly what we want. On users' computers we have the registry parameter applied, so the users never see any dialogs. On developers' computers the parameter is not applied, so every time a file is opened the developer decides whether to allow the auto-refreshing for the current session. Usually the answer is No, because for developing, it is essential to not have quieres refresh when they want to, but instead, refresh them when the developer wants. The problem is that in Office 2010 which we are testing we can't find a way to achieve this functionality: The allow/disallow messages are now grouped into one yellow button, that either allows everything or disallows everything (including, say, macros, if macro security is set to "Disable, but ask"). If you don't click the yellow Allow button, the queries are disabled completely, not just for automatic execution. You cannot right-click and refresh a particular query -- doing that would summon a security dialog prompting for enabling queries, and if you say Yes, all queries in the document will be enabled for auto-execution and will start executing immediately. This sort of ruins our development environment. Is there a way to get the trust thingies in Office 2010 to work in the same way as before? Is there a yet another registry parameter to say, Prompt for auto-refresh, but allow manual refresh even when auto-refresh is disabled?

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• How do I find the Serial Number of a USB Drive?

  - by jamuraa

  I'm trying to re-enable USB Autoplay in a secure way, by installing a program on each of the computers that I use so that I can run my launcher (PStart in this case) whenever I plug in my specific USB drive. The tool that I'm using to enable this - AutoRunGuard - needs the serial number of the USB drive that I am using. I can't figure out where to find this in Windows. Ideally I would not need to install and run a separate program to do this (seemingly) simple task. Since this is a pretty easy question, bonus points if you also tell me how to discover it in Linux as well. What steps do I need to take to retrieve a USB Drive's serial number? UPDATE: Just incase people come here looking for the answer for AutoRunGuard, I discovered that they don't want the USB device serial number, but the volume serial number. The drive serial can be found by going into the command line, navigating to the drive, and executing dir. The volume serial number is found in the top two lines - use it without the dash.

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• where is my disk space?

  - by user166241

  I recently had a problem with .xsession-errors file - it became very big ( 90GB) and took all disk space: How I can check what takes disk space in /tmp?. I cleaned it with command > .xsession-errors but after an hour it became large again. So I deleted it (rm .xsession-errors) - it helped because it wasn't recreated but again after hour disk space disappeared - now there is no .xsession-errors anymore but I don't know where is the memory: df Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on /dev/sda1 106640456 101223392 4 100% / udev 8166744 8 8166736 1% /dev tmpfs 3270224 972 3269252 1% /run none 5120 0 5120 0% /run/lock none 8175552 152 8175400 1% /run/shm du -sc * .[^.]* | sort -n 0 initrd.img 0 initrd.img.old 0 proc 0 sys 0 vmlinuz 0 vmlinuz.old 4 cdrom 4 lib64 4 media 4 mnt 4 selinux 8 dev 12 srv 16 lost+found 68 tmp 1124 run 3396 lib32 5164 .rpmdb 5540 root 8888 sbin 9120 bin 17132 etc 106080 opt 116956 boot 861908 lib 3530584 usr 3821836 var 13371260 home 21859112 total So there is around 100GB used but executing du -sc * .[^.]* | sort -n in root directory finds only ~21 GB - so what takes 80GB?? How to check it? I suspect that when I deleted the `.xsession-errors' file the errors were redirected somwhere else - but where?

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• Variable host IP address in iptables rule

  - by DrakeES

  I am running CentOS 6.4 with OpenVZ on my laptop. In order to provide Internet access for the VEs I have to apply the following rule on the laptop: iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -j SNAT --to-source <LAPTOP_IP> It works fine. However, I have to work in different places - office, home, partner's office etc. The IP of my laptop is different in those places, so have to alter the rule above each time I change place. I have created a workaround which basically determines the IP and applies the rule: #!/bin/bash IP=$(ifconfig | awk -F':' '/inet addr/&&!/127.0.0.1/{split($2,_," ");print _[1]}') iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -j SNAT --to-source $IP The workaround above works. I only still have to execute it manually. Perhaps I could make it a hook executing whenever my laptop obtains an IP address from DHCP - how can I do that? Also, I am just wondering if there is an elegant way of getting it done in the first place - iptables? Maybe there is a syntax allowing to specify "current hardware ip addres" in the rule?

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• VMware ESX Linux Guest Customization

  - by andyh_ky

  Hello, I am interested in deploying several RHEL 4 Update 8 virtual machines for creation of a test environment. Here are the steps I am taking: In off hours, P2V/V2V the production machines and convert them to templates Deploy the virtual machines with a customization specification that changes hostname, IP address I am interested in how these processes are done and if there are any options for further customization. Are the machines brought on the network when they are powered on, before they are reconfigured? Is there a potential IP address conflict? Is there an option to run additional scripts which reside on the guest as a part of the reconfiguration? For example, restoring an Oracle Database. This is an option with Windows guests and sysprep, but I have been unable to locate anything showing a RHEL equivalent. I am dealing with a multi tier application. The main issue I am attempting to mitigate is that the application servers reference database servers by hostname and in tnsnames files. I am interested in scripting the reconfiguration of the application in the deployment so that the app/db servers are pointing to the test environment. I am OK with placing the 'cleanup' script on the source and executing it after the machine has been brought up. I am interested in the automation of the script's execution post clone/boot, as well as if there could be an IP address conflict. (cross posted to VMTN's ESX 4 community)

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• Apache downloads php files instead of running their source

  - by Devils Child

  I have just recently upgraded PHP 5.3 to 5.4 on my Debian Squeeze server. Now, instead of executing PHP files, Apache just downloads them, which is really bad. When I try to follow these steps, I get "broken packages" upon installing the libapache2-mod-php5 package. Also the answer tells me to add something to my httpd.conf, but it's empty. Question: How can I make apache execute php files again, instead of just passing them through as download? dpkg -l | grep php returns this rc libapache2-mod-php5 5.3.3-7+squeeze15 server-side, HTML-embedded scripting language (Apache 2 module) rc php5-cli 5.3.3-7+squeeze15 command-line interpreter for the php5 scripting language ii php5-common 5.4.15-1~dotdeb.2 Common files for packages built from the php5 source rc php5-gd 5.3.3-7+squeeze15 GD module for php5 rc php5-mcrypt 5.3.3-7+squeeze15 MCrypt module for php5 rc php5-mysql 5.3.3-7+squeeze15 MySQL module for php5 rc php5-suhosin 0.9.32.1-1 advanced protection module for php5 rc phpmyadmin 4:3.3.7-7 MySQL web administration tool And apt-get install libapache2-mod-php5 produces this error The following packages have unmet dependencies: libapache2-mod-php5 : Depends: libdb5.1 but it is not installable Depends: libssl1.0.0 (>= 1.0.0) but it is not installable Depends: libxml2 (>= 2.8.0) but 2.7.8.dfsg-2+squeeze7 is to be installed Recommends: php5-cli but it is not going to be installed E: Broken packages

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• Could I have destroyed Partitioning-Scheme/Filesystem of HDDs with External Harddrive Case with builtin Raid-Controller?

  - by th3m3s

  I had just recently bought a Fantec QB-35US3R to have a nice box on my desk to make some backups to. Along with the HDD-Bay I had ordered some 4TB HDDs to let them run in Raid 5, which is handled by the hardware RAID controller of the Fantec HDD-Bay. The QB-35US3R arrived a few days before the hard drives, so I got impatient and had the idea to put three old 1TB disks in the Fantec device, just to test it... Long story short: I made a backup of the most important data on these three disks before they broke. I had set the configuration scheme to RAID 3 at the Fantec device. It seems, that the Fantec RAID controller has "somehow" destroyed the partitioning scheme or the file system, because when put into a HDD docking station, they get recognized by the OS (Ubuntu/Linux) but are not mountable anymore. I tried to recover the data from one HDD via gParted (parted), which ran some hours without success. Here I stopped, before trying other tools, cos I read that the longer a hard drive is running after a the partitioning got destroyed, the worse it gets. What could the HDD-Bay probably have done to my lovely hard drive disks? Is there some routine a RAID controller is executing, when it wants to create a RAID system? Like erasing the partition table (seems not plausible to me.) or writing some information to every hard drive in the RAID (seems more likely to me.)? Is there a chance to recover the data from these HDDs, or is the change a RAID controller makes so significant, that no software is of help?

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• How can I document and automate a system's configuration?

  - by Diomidis Spinellis

  Having a system's configuration represented by its current state is risky, inefficient, and opaque. At some point you may be left with an unsupported system and no upgrade path. Then configuring a new system compatible with the old is a process or trial and error. Furthermore, if at some point the system is damaged the only option is to go back to the most recent full backup, and try to remember what changes followed from that point. Also, the only way to create a system compatible with the original is through a complete dump/restore. Finally, in such a setup there's no way to know how you solved a particular problem; the only thing you can do is to look at the corresponding configuration files and try to guess what you changed to achieve the desired effect. Currently for each system I maintain, I keep a log file where I record all system administration activity, starting from the installation: installation options, added packages, changes in configuration files, updates, problem fixes etc. In theory this allows me to (manually) replay all changes to arrive at the current state, or to unroll an erroneous change by executing the reverse commands. However, this process is also inefficient, error-prone, and relies on human judgment. Another thing I've tried is to put /etc configuration files under version control with git. This helps me document the changes automatically and also apply them on a clean setup. But it's not without problems: git has to run under sudo, passwords and private keys may be stored in the repository, installed packages can't be meaningfully tracked, and git will have a fit if I try to extend this approach to all the system's directories. I've also thought about performing all changes through shell scripts or makefiles, but I think this process will require a lot of effort and will be fragile. Are there some better methods or tools that I'm missing?

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• Notepad and Regedit does not launch from C:\Windows or C:\Windows\System32, but will from C:\Windows\SysWOW64

  - by lordhog

  My work machine was recently updated from Windows XP 64-bit to Windows 7 64-bit. I have found a few odd things that I can not figure out why they are occurring. If I type in Notepad.exe or RegEdit.exe from the Run diaglog the applications will not launch. When executing RegEdit.exe from the Run dialog the UAC does display asking for admin privileges, but the application never launches. Also, if I go to the Start menu and click on Notepad from there, Notepad never launches either. Other programs seem to be okay, like mspaint, wordpad, etc. Now, if I launch Notepad or RegEdit from C:\Windows\SysWOW64 then these applications will run, though I think these are the 32-bit version and not the 64-bit version. I am not sure what is going on. Has anyone seen this behavior before and how to fix it? I have Windows 7 64-bit at home and I don't have this issue. I even copied Notepad.exe from home and place it in the C:\ folder and tried to launch it from there and it still doesn't work. Regards, Mark

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• Why is UITableView not reloading (even on the main thread)?

  - by radesix

  I have two programs that basically do the same thing. They read an XML feed and parse the elements. The design of both programs is to use an asynchronous NSURLConnection to get the data then to spawn a new thread to handle the parsing. As batches of 5 items are parsed it calls back to the main thread to reload the UITableView. My issue is it works fine in one program, but not the other. I know that the parsing is actually occuring on the background thread and I know that [tableView reloadData] is executing on the main thread; however, it doesn't reload the table until all parsing is complete. I'm stumped. As far as I can tell... both programs are structured exactly the same way. Here is some code from the app that isn't working correctly. - (void)startConnectionWithURL:(NSString *)feedURL feedList:(NSMutableArray *)list { self.feedList = list; // Use NSURLConnection to asynchronously download the data. This means the main thread will not be blocked - the // application will remain responsive to the user. // // IMPORTANT! The main thread of the application should never be blocked! Also, avoid synchronous network access on any thread. // NSURLRequest *feedURLRequest = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:feedURL]]; self.bloggerFeedConnection = [[[NSURLConnection alloc] initWithRequest:feedURLRequest delegate:self] autorelease]; // Test the validity of the connection object. The most likely reason for the connection object to be nil is a malformed // URL, which is a programmatic error easily detected during development. If the URL is more dynamic, then you should // implement a more flexible validation technique, and be able to both recover from errors and communicate problems // to the user in an unobtrusive manner. NSAssert(self.bloggerFeedConnection != nil, @"Failure to create URL connection."); // Start the status bar network activity indicator. We'll turn it off when the connection finishes or experiences an error. [UIApplication sharedApplication].networkActivityIndicatorVisible = YES; } - (void)connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection didReceiveResponse:(NSURLResponse *)response { self.bloggerData = [NSMutableData data]; } - (void)connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection didReceiveData:(NSData *)data { [bloggerData appendData:data]; } - (void)connectionDidFinishLoading:(NSURLConnection *)connection { self.bloggerFeedConnection = nil; [UIApplication sharedApplication].networkActivityIndicatorVisible = NO; // Spawn a thread to fetch the link data so that the UI is not blocked while the application parses the XML data. // // IMPORTANT! - Don't access UIKit objects on secondary threads. // [NSThread detachNewThreadSelector:@selector(parseFeedData:) toTarget:self withObject:bloggerData]; // farkData will be retained by the thread until parseFarkData: has finished executing, so we no longer need // a reference to it in the main thread. self.bloggerData = nil; } If you read this from the top down you can see when the NSURLConnection is finished I detach a new thread and call parseFeedData. - (void)parseFeedData:(NSData *)data { // You must create a autorelease pool for all secondary threads. NSAutoreleasePool *pool = [[NSAutoreleasePool alloc] init]; self.currentParseBatch = [NSMutableArray array]; self.currentParsedCharacterData = [NSMutableString string]; self.feedList = [NSMutableArray array]; // // It's also possible to have NSXMLParser download the data, by passing it a URL, but this is not desirable // because it gives less control over the network, particularly in responding to connection errors. // NSXMLParser *parser = [[NSXMLParser alloc] initWithData:data]; [parser setDelegate:self]; [parser parse]; // depending on the total number of links parsed, the last batch might not have been a "full" batch, and thus // not been part of the regular batch transfer. So, we check the count of the array and, if necessary, send it to the main thread. if ([self.currentParseBatch count] > 0) { [self performSelectorOnMainThread:@selector(addLinksToList:) withObject:self.currentParseBatch waitUntilDone:NO]; } self.currentParseBatch = nil; self.currentParsedCharacterData = nil; [parser release]; [pool release]; } In the did end element delegate I check to see that 5 items have been parsed before calling the main thread to perform the update. - (void)parser:(NSXMLParser *)parser didEndElement:(NSString *)elementName namespaceURI:(NSString *)namespaceURI qualifiedName:(NSString *)qName { if ([elementName isEqualToString:kItemElementName]) { [self.currentParseBatch addObject:self.currentItem]; parsedItemsCounter++; if (parsedItemsCounter % kSizeOfItemBatch == 0) { [self performSelectorOnMainThread:@selector(addLinksToList:) withObject:self.currentParseBatch waitUntilDone:NO]; self.currentParseBatch = [NSMutableArray array]; } } // Stop accumulating parsed character data. We won't start again until specific elements begin. accumulatingParsedCharacterData = NO; } - (void)addLinksToList:(NSMutableArray *)links { [self.feedList addObjectsFromArray:links]; // The table needs to be reloaded to reflect the new content of the list. if (self.viewDelegate != nil && [self.viewDelegate respondsToSelector:@selector(parser:didParseBatch:)]) { [self.viewDelegate parser:self didParseBatch:links]; } } Finally, the UIViewController delegate: - (void)parser:(XMLFeedParser *)parser didParseBatch:(NSMutableArray *)parsedBatch { NSLog(@"parser:didParseBatch:"); [self.selectedBlogger.feedList addObjectsFromArray:parsedBatch]; [self.tableView reloadData]; } If I write to the log when my view controller delegate fires to reload the table and when cellForRowAtIndexPath fires as it's rebuilding the table then the log looks something like this: parser:didParseBatch: parser:didParseBatch: tableView:cellForRowAtIndexPath tableView:cellForRowAtIndexPath tableView:cellForRowAtIndexPath tableView:cellForRowAtIndexPath tableView:cellForRowAtIndexPath parser:didParseBatch: parser:didParseBatch: parser:didParseBatch: tableView:cellForRowAtIndexPath tableView:cellForRowAtIndexPath tableView:cellForRowAtIndexPath tableView:cellForRowAtIndexPath tableView:cellForRowAtIndexPath parser:didParseBatch: tableView:cellForRowAtIndexPath tableView:cellForRowAtIndexPath tableView:cellForRowAtIndexPath tableView:cellForRowAtIndexPath tableView:cellForRowAtIndexPath parser:didParseBatch: parser:didParseBatch: parser:didParseBatch: parser:didParseBatch: tableView:cellForRowAtIndexPath tableView:cellForRowAtIndexPath tableView:cellForRowAtIndexPath tableView:cellForRowAtIndexPath tableView:cellForRowAtIndexPath Clearly, the tableView is not reloading when I tell it to every time. The log from the app that works correctly looks like this: parser:didParseBatch: tableView:cellForRowAtIndexPath tableView:cellForRowAtIndexPath tableView:cellForRowAtIndexPath tableView:cellForRowAtIndexPath tableView:cellForRowAtIndexPath parser:didParseBatch: tableView:cellForRowAtIndexPath tableView:cellForRowAtIndexPath tableView:cellForRowAtIndexPath tableView:cellForRowAtIndexPath tableView:cellForRowAtIndexPath parser:didParseBatch: tableView:cellForRowAtIndexPath tableView:cellForRowAtIndexPath tableView:cellForRowAtIndexPath tableView:cellForRowAtIndexPath tableView:cellForRowAtIndexPath parser:didParseBatch: tableView:cellForRowAtIndexPath tableView:cellForRowAtIndexPath tableView:cellForRowAtIndexPath tableView:cellForRowAtIndexPath tableView:cellForRowAtIndexPath parser:didParseBatch: tableView:cellForRowAtIndexPath tableView:cellForRowAtIndexPath tableView:cellForRowAtIndexPath tableView:cellForRowAtIndexPath tableView:cellForRowAtIndexPath

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• PE Header Requirements

  - by Pindatjuh

  What are the requirements of a PE file (PE/COFF)? What fields should be set, which value, at a bare minimum for enabling it to "run" on Windows (i.e. executing "ret" instruction and then close, without error). The library I am building first is the linker: Now, the problem I have is the PE file (PE/COFF). I don't know what is "required" for a PE file before it can actually execute on my platform. My testing platform is Vista. I get an error message, saying "This is not a valid Win32 executable." when I execute it by double-clicking, and I get an "Access Denied." when executing it with CLI cmd. I have two sections, .text and .data. I've implemented the PE headers as provided by several online documents, i.e. MSDN and some other thirdparty documentation. If I use a hex-editor, it looks almost like a regular PE file. I don't use any imports, nor IAT, nor any directories in the PE header. Edit: I've added an import table, still not a valid .exe-file, says my Windows. I've tried to use values which are also mentioned at the smallest PE-file guide. No luck. Really the only thing I can't seem to figure out is what is required and what isn't. Some guides tell me everything is required, whilst others say about deprications: and it can be zero. I hope this is enough information. Thank you, in advance. Raw data (as requested) of current PE header: 4D 5A 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 40 00 00 00 50 45 00 00 4C 01 02 00 C8 7A 55 4B 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 E0 00 82 01 0B 01 0D 25 00 10 00 00 00 10 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 10 00 00 00 10 00 00 00 20 00 00 00 00 40 00 00 10 00 00 00 02 00 00 01 00 0B 00 00 00 00 00 03 00 0A 00 00 00 00 00 00 22 00 00 38 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 03 00 00 00 00 40 00 00 00 40 00 00 00 40 00 00 00 40 00 00 00 00 00 00 0E 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 20 00 00 24 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 2E 74 65 78 74 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 10 00 00 00 02 00 00 00 02 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 20 00 00 60 2E 69 64 61 74 61 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 20 00 00 00 02 00 00 00 04 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 40 00 00 C0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 3C 20 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 24 20 00 00 34 20 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 4B 45 52 4E 45 4C 33 32 2E 64 6C 6C 00 00 00 00 01 00 00 80 00 00 00 00 01 00 00 80 00 00 00 00

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• 'Make' command compiling errors

  - by G_T

  Im trying to locally install a program which is written in C++. I have downloaded the program and am attempting to use the "make" command to compile the program as the programs instructions dictate. However when I do I get this error: /usr/include/stdc-predef.h:30:26: fatal error: bits/predefs.h: No such file or directory compilation terminated. Looking around on the internet some people seem to address this problem by sudo apt-get install libc6-dev-i386 I checked to see if this package was installed and it was not. When I try to install it I get E: Unable to locate package libc6-dev-i386 I have already run sudo apt get update Im sure this is a rookie question but any help is appreciated, I'm running 13.10 32-bit. UPDATE: I've tried other suggestions I've found on similar error. All I have managed is a different but similar error. Here is what I get. Geoffrey@Geoffrey-Latitude-E6400:/usr/local/src/trinityrnaseq_r2013_08_14$ make Using gnu compiler for Inchworm and Chrysalis cd Inchworm && (test -e configure || autoreconf) \ && ./configure --prefix=`pwd` && make install checking for a BSD-compatible install... /usr/bin/install -c checking whether build environment is sane... yes checking for gawk... no checking for mawk... mawk checking whether make sets $(MAKE)... yes checking for g++... g++ checking for C++ compiler default output file name... a.out checking whether the C++ compiler works... yes checking whether we are cross compiling... no checking for suffix of executables... checking for suffix of object files... o checking whether we are using the GNU C++ compiler... yes checking whether g++ accepts -g... yes checking for style of include used by make... GNU checking dependency style of g++... gcc3 checking for library containing cos... none required configure: creating ./config.status config.status: creating Makefile config.status: creating src/Makefile config.status: creating config.h config.status: config.h is unchanged config.status: executing depfiles commands make[1]: Entering directory `/usr/local/src/trinityrnaseq_r2013_08_14/Inchworm' Making install in src make[2]: Entering directory `/usr/local/src/trinityrnaseq_r2013_08_14/Inchworm/src' if g++ -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -I. -I.. -pedantic -fopenmp -Wall -Wextra -Wno-long-long -Wno-deprecated -m64 -g -O2 -MT Fasta_entry.o -MD -MP -MF ".deps/Fasta_entry.Tpo" -c -o Fasta_entry.o Fasta_entry.cpp; \ then mv -f ".deps/Fasta_entry.Tpo" ".deps/Fasta_entry.Po"; else rm -f ".deps/Fasta_entry.Tpo"; exit 1; fi In file included from Fasta_entry.hpp:4:0, from Fasta_entry.cpp:1: /usr/include/c++/4.8/string:38:28: fatal error: bits/c++config.h: No such file or directory #include <bits/c++config.h> ^ compilation terminated. make[2]: *** [Fasta_entry.o] Error 1 make[2]: Leaving directory `/usr/local/src/trinityrnaseq_r2013_08_14/Inchworm/src' make[1]: *** [install-recursive] Error 1 make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/local/src/trinityrnaseq_r2013_08_14/Inchworm' make: *** [inchworm] Error 2

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• Challenge 19 – An Explanation of a Query

  - by Dave Ballantyne

  I have received a number of requests for an explanation of my winning query of TSQL Challenge 19. This involved traversing a hierarchy of employees and rolling a count of orders from subordinates up to superiors. The first concept I shall address is the hierarchyId , which is constructed within the CTE called cteTree.   cteTree is a recursive cte that will expand the parent-child hierarchy of the personnel in the table @emp.  One useful feature with a recursive cte is that data can be ‘passed’ from the parent to the child data.  The hierarchyId column is similar to the hierarchyId data type that was introduced in SQL Server 2008 and represents the position of the person within the organisation. Let us start with a simplistic example Albert manages Bob and Eddie.  Bob manages Carl and Dave. The hierarchyId will represent each person’s position in this relationship in a single field.  In this simple example we could append the userID together into a varchar field as detailed below. This will enable us to select a branch of the tree by filtering using Where hierarchyId  ‘1,2%’ to select Bob and all his subordinates.  Naturally, this is not comprehensive enough to provide a full solution, but as opposed to concatenating the Id’s together into a varchar datatyped column, we can apply the same theory to a varbinary.  By CASTing the ID’s into a datatype of varbinary(4) ,4 is used as 4 bytes of data are used to store an integer and building a hierarchyId  from those.  For example: The important point to bear in mind for later in the query is that the binary data generated is 'byte order comparable'. ie We can ORDER a dataset with it and the resulting data, will be in the order required. Now, would probably be a good time to download the example file and, after the cte ‘cteTree’, uncomment the line ‘select * from cteTree’.  Mark this and all prior code and execute.  This will show you how this theory directly relates to the actual challenge data.  The only deviation from the above, is that instead of using the ID of an employee, I have used the row_number() ranking function to order each level by LastName,Firstname.  This enables me to order by the HierarchyId in the final result set so that the result set is in the required order. Your output should be something like the below.  Notice also the ‘Level’ Column that contains the depth that the employee is within the tree.  I would encourage you to ‘play’ with the query, change the order in the row_number() or the length of the cast in the hierarchyId to see how that effects the outcome.  The next cte, ‘cteTreeWithOrderCount’, is a join between cteTree and the @ord table, and COUNT’s the number of orders per employee.  A LEFT JOIN is employed here to account for the occasion where an employee has made no sales.   Executing a ‘Select * from cteTreeWithOrderCount’ will return the result set as below.  The order here is unimportant as this is only a staging point of the data and only the final result set in a cte chain needs an Order by clause, unless TOP is utilised. cteExplode joins the above result set to the tally table (Nums) for Level Occurances.  So, if level is 2 then 2 rows are required.  This is done to expand the dataset, to create a new column (PathInc), which is the (n+1) integers contained within the heirarchyid.  For example, with the data for Robert King as given above, the below 3 rows will be returned. From this you can see that the pathinc column now contains the values for Andrew Fuller and Steven Buchanan who are Robert King’s superiors within the tree.    Finally cteSumUp, sums the orders for each person and their subordinates using the PathInc generated above, and the final select does the final simple mathematics and filters to restrict the result set to only the ‘original’ row per employee.

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• Framework 4 Features: Support for Timed Jobs

  - by Anthony Shorten

  One of the new features of the Oracle Utilities Application Framework V4 is the ability for the batch framework to support Timed Batch. Traditionally batch is associated with set processing in the background in a fixed time frame. For example, billing customers. Over the last few versions their has been functionality required by the products required a more monitoring style batch process. The monitor is a batch process that looks for specific business events based upon record status or other pieces of data. For example, the framework contains a fact monitor (F1-FCTRN) that can be configured to look for specific status's or other conditions. The batch process then uses the instructions on the object to determine what to do. To support monitor style processing, you need to run the process regularly a number of times a day (for example, every ten minutes). Traditional batch could support this but it was not as optimal as expected (if you are a site using the old Workflow subsystem, you understand what I mean). The Batch framework was extended to add additional facilities to support times (and continuous batch which is another new feature for another blog entry). The new facilities include: The batch control now defines the job as Timed or Not Timed. Non-Timed batch are traditional batch jobs. The timer interval (the interval between executions) can be specified The timer can be made active or inactive. Only active timers are executed. Setting the Timer Active to inactive will stop the job at the next time interval. Setting the Timer Active to Active will start the execution of the timed job. You can specify the credentials, language to view the messages and an email address to send the a summary of the execution to. The email address is optional and requires an email server to be specified in the relevant feature configuration. You can specify the thread limits and commit intervals to be sued for the multiple executions. Once a timer job is defined it will be executed automatically by the Business Application Server process if the DEFAULT threadpool is active. This threadpool can be started using the online batch daemon (for non-production) or externally using the threadpoolworker utility. At that time any batch process with the Timer Active set to Active and Batch Control Type of Timed will begin executing. As Timed jobs are executed automatically then they do not appear in any external schedule or are managed by an external scheduler (except via the DEFAULT threadpool itself of course). Now, if the job has no work to do as the timer interval is being reached then that instance of the job is stopped and the next instance started at the timer interval. If there is still work to complete when the interval interval is reached, the instance will continue processing till the work is complete, then the instance will be stopped and the next instance scheduled for the next timer interval. One of the key ways of optimizing this processing is to set the timer interval correctly for the expected workload. This is an interesting new feature of the batch framework and we anticipate it will come in handy for specific business situations with the monitor processes.

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• “Query cost (relative to the batch)” <> Query cost relative to batch

  - by Dave Ballantyne

  OK, so that is quite a contradictory title, but unfortunately it is true that a common misconception is that the query with the highest percentage relative to batch is the worst performing.  Simply put, it is a lie, or more accurately we dont understand what these figures mean. Consider the two below simple queries: SELECT * FROM Person.BusinessEntity JOIN Person.BusinessEntityAddress ON Person.BusinessEntity.BusinessEntityID = Person.BusinessEntityAddress.BusinessEntityID go SELECT * FROM Sales.SalesOrderDetail JOIN Sales.SalesOrderHeader ON Sales.SalesOrderDetail.SalesOrderID = Sales.SalesOrderHeader.SalesOrderID After executing these and looking at the plans, I see this : So, a 13% / 87% split ,  but 13% / 87% of WHAT ? CPU ? Duration ? Reads ? Writes ? or some magical weighted algorithm ?  In a Profiler trace of the two we can find the metrics we are interested in. CPU and duration are well out but what about reads (210 and 1935)? To save you doing the maths, though you are more than welcome to, that’s a 90.2% / 9.8% split.  Close, but no cigar. Lets try a different tact.  Looking at the execution plan the “Estimated Subtree cost” of query 1 is 0.29449 and query 2 its 1.96596.  Again to save you the maths that works out to 13.03% and 86.97%, round those and thats the figures we are after.  But, what is the worrying word there ? “Estimated”.  So these are not “actual”  execution costs,  but what’s the problem in comparing the estimated costs to derive a meaning of “Most Costly”.  Well, in the case of simple queries such as the above , probably not a lot.  In more complicated queries , a fair bit. By modifying the second query to also show the total number of lines on each order SELECT *,COUNT(*) OVER (PARTITION BY Sales.SalesOrderDetail.SalesOrderID) FROM Sales.SalesOrderDetail JOIN Sales.SalesOrderHeader ON Sales.SalesOrderDetail.SalesOrderID = Sales.SalesOrderHeader.SalesOrderID The split in percentages is now 6% / 94% and the profiler metrics are : Even more of a discrepancy. Estimates can be out with actuals for a whole host of reasons,  scalar UDF’s are a particular bug bear of mine and in-fact the cost of a udf call is entirely hidden inside the execution plan.  It always estimates to 0 (well, a very small number). Take for instance the following udf Create Function dbo.udfSumSalesForCustomer(@CustomerId integer) returns money as begin Declare @Sum money Select @Sum= SUM(SalesOrderHeader.TotalDue) from Sales.SalesOrderHeader where CustomerID = @CustomerId return @Sum end If we have two statements , one that fires the udf and another that doesn't: Select CustomerID from Sales.Customer order by CustomerID go Select CustomerID,dbo.udfSumSalesForCustomer(Customer.CustomerID) from Sales.Customer order by CustomerID The costs relative to batch is a 50/50 split, but the has to be an actual cost of firing the udf. Indeed profiler shows us : No where even remotely near 50/50!!!! Moving forward to window framing functionality in SQL Server 2012 the optimizer sees ROWS and RANGE ( see here for their functional differences) as the same ‘cost’ too SELECT SalesOrderDetailID,SalesOrderId, SUM(LineTotal) OVER(PARTITION BY salesorderid ORDER BY Salesorderdetailid RANGE unbounded preceding) from Sales.SalesOrderdetail go SELECT SalesOrderDetailID,SalesOrderId, SUM(LineTotal) OVER(PARTITION BY salesorderid ORDER BY Salesorderdetailid Rows unbounded preceding) from Sales.SalesOrderdetail By now it wont be a great display to show you the Profiler trace reads a *tiny* bit different. So moral of the story, Percentage relative to batch can give a rough ‘finger in the air’ measurement, but dont rely on it as fact.

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