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• How were some language communities (eg, Ruby and Python) able to prevent fragmentation while others (eg, Lisp or ML) were not?

  - by chrisaycock

  The term "Lisp" (or "Lisp-like") is an umbrella for lots of different languages, such as Common Lisp, Scheme, and Arc. There is similar fragmentation is other language communities, like in ML. However, Ruby and Python have both managed to avoid this fate, where innovation occurred more on the implementation (like PyPy or YARV) instead of making changes to the language itself. Did the Ruby and Python communities do something special to prevent language fragmentation?

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• Single responsibility principle - am I overusing it?

  - by Tarun

  For reference - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single_responsibility_principle I have a test scenario where in one module of application is responsible for creating ledger entries. There are three basic tasks which could be carried out - View existing ledger entries in table format. Create new ledger entry using create button. Click on a ledger entry in the table (mentioned in first pointer) and view its details in next page. You could nullify a ledger entry in this page. (There are couple more operation/validations in each page but fore sake of brevity I will limit it to these) So I decided to create three different classes - LedgerLandingPage CreateNewLedgerEntryPage ViewLedgerEntryPage These classes offer the services which could be carried out in those pages and Selenium tests use these classes to bring application to a state where I could make certain assertion. When I was having it reviewed with on of my colleague then he was over whelmed and asked me to make one single class for all. Though I yet feel my design is much clean I am doubtful if I am overusing Single Responsibility principle

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• Is it bad practice to call a controller action from a view that was rendered by another controller?

  - by marco-fiset

  Let's say I have an OrderController which handles orders. The user adds products to it through the view, and then the final price gets calculated through an AJAX call to a controller action. The price calculation logic is implemented in a seperate class and used in a controller action. What happens is that I have many views from different controllers that need to use that particular action. I'd like to have some kind of a PriceController that I could call an action on. But then the view would have to know about that PriceController and call an action on it. Is it bad practice for a view to call an action on a different controller from which it was rendered?

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• Are two database trips reasonable for a login system?

  - by Randolph Potter

  I am designing a login system for a project, and have an issue about it requiring two trips to the database when a user logs in. User types in username and password Database is polled and password hash is retrieved for comparative purposes (first trip) Code tests hash against entered password (and salt), and if verified, resets the session ID New session ID and username are sent back to the database to write a row to the login table, and generate a login ID for that session. EDIT: I am using a random salt. Does this design make sense? Am I missing something? Is my concern about two trips unfounded? Comments and suggestions are welcome.

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• LOD in modern games

  - by Firas Assaad

  I'm currently working on my master's thesis about LOD and mesh simplification, and I've been reading many academic papers and articles about the subject. However, I can't find enough information about how LOD is being used in modern games. I know many games use some sort of dynamic LOD for terrain, but what about elsewhere? Level of Detail for 3D Graphics for example points out that discrete LOD (where artists prepare several models in advance) is widely used because of the performance overhead of continuous LOD. That book was published in 2002 however, and I'm wondering if things are different now. There has been some research in performing dynamic LOD using the geometry shader (this paper for example, with its implementation in ShaderX6), would that be used in a modern game? To summarize, my question is about the state of LOD in modern video games, what algorithms are used and why? In particular, is view dependent continuous simplification used or does the runtime overhead make using discrete models with proper blending and impostors a more attractive solution? If discrete models are used, is an algorithm used (e.g. vertex clustering) to generate them offline, do artists manually create the models, or perhaps a combination of both methods is used?

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• Should Developers Perform All Tasks or Should They Specialize?

  - by Bob Horn

  Disclaimer: The intent of this question isn't to discern what is better for the individual developer, but for the system as a whole. I've worked in environments where small teams managed certain areas. For example, there would be a small team for every one of these functions: UI Framework code Business/application logic Database I've also worked on teams where the developers were responsible for all of these areas and more (QA, analsyt, etc...). My current environment promotes agile development (specifically scrum) and everyone has their hands in every area mentioned above. While there are pros and cons to each approach, I'd be curious to know if there are more pros and cons than I list below, and also what the generally feeling is about which approach is better. Devs Do It All Pros 1. Developers may be more well-rounded 2. Developers know more of the system Cons 1. Everyone has their hands in all areas, increasing the probability of creating less-than-optimal results in that area 2. It can take longer to do something with which you are unfamiliar (jack of all trades, master of none) Devs Specialize Pros 1. Developers can create policies and procedures for their area of expertise and more easily enforce them 2. Developers have more of a chance to become deeply knowledgeable about their specific area and make it the best it can be 3. Other developers don't cross boundaries and degrade another area Cons 1. As one colleague put it: "Why would you want to pigeon-hole yourself like that?" (Meaning some developers won't get a chance to work in certain areas.) It's easy to say how wonderful agile is, and that we should do it all, but I'm somewhat of a fan of having areas of expertise. Without that expertise, I've seen code degrade, database schemas become difficult to manage, hack UI code, etc... Let's face it, some people make careers out of doing just UI work, or just database work. It's not that easy to just fill in and do as good of a job as an expert in that area.

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• Dealing with technical debt

  - by Desolate Planet

  This is a question that I often ask myself when working with developers. I've worked at four companies so far, and I've noticed a lack of attention to keeping code clean and dealing with technical debt that hinders future progress in a software app. For example, the first company I worked for had written a database from scratch rather than take something like MySQL and that created hell for the team when refacoring or extending the app. I've always tried to be honest and clear with my manager when he discusses projections, but management doesn't seem interested in fixing what's already there and it's horrible to see the impact it has on team morale and in their attitude towards others. What are your thoughts on the best way to tackle this problem? What I've seen is people packing up and leaving and the company becomes a revolving door with developers coming and and out and making the code worse. How do you communicate this to management to get them interested in sorting out technical debt?

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• Which is the best Question and Answers site ?

  - by Geek

  Hi, Which site do you think is the best site for Question/Answers for a developer incase of technical questions. Good old stackoverflow seems to be losing it's charm, if you go through it you will find loads and loads of questions with very few answers. Infact most questions dont even have enough reads on them. Has any new site come up which has gained recent popularity for technical questions ? thanks.

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• What Language is unity written in?

  - by John

  What Language is Unity written in? Also, where can i get its source code? I have an idea for a windowing enviroment or shell (dont know what to call it). What i want to do is teach myself to create it. i like some of several ideas i have seen, but i want to redo all of them, also the concept of how a desktop works. I figured learning the language Unity is written in, and studying Unity and Gnomes code would be a good start. i am on Ubuntu 12.04 acer aspire 5920 3 gb ram 160 gb hard drive

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• What is the career path for a software developer/ programmer? [closed]

  - by Lo Wai Lun

  I've been working as a programmer for a few months and I often study CCNA , CISSP for future. Besides simple coding I was working on specs, designing applications, and all those around-like things. My question is, I want to be a information / system security specialist. what's the career path I should be aiming for? Is it like working on code for the rest of my life? :) Restart my career from the network engineer ? Or do programmers make a good manager-position people ? I know it's very subjective. Thing is, lately I find myself much more into the designing/working on specs part of the development project then the coding itself. How do you see it? Would you like to go from development to information security? Would you like to work on a project with a manager that used to be a coder?

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• Calculating WPM given a variable stream of input

  - by Jaxo

  I'm creating an application that sits in the background and records all key presses (currently this is done and working; an event is fired every keydown/keyup). I want to offer a feature for the user that will show them their WPM over the entire session the program has been running for. This would be easy if I added a "Start" and "End" button to activate a timer, but I need to detect only when the user is typing continuously - ignoring all one-time keyboard shortcuts and breaks the user takes from typing. How in the world do I approach this? Is this even realistically & accurately possible?

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• Control Media via Arduino

  - by Ohad

  I want to create an application that controls the volume, play next\last, stop\play and things like this (I don't know what they called) like in a keyboard. I have tried to find how to do this with Python\Java but I couldn't find how. The main idea is (if some-one knows what is arduino) to connect it to my PC (Ubuntu) and to get from it signals that gives me values and with this values to be able to change the volume and to do next song\video. Thanks to any one who help :)

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• What should I learn from Scheme?

  - by bunglestink

  I was wondering what unique features I can learn from Scheme that would help me become a better programmer? I have a lot experience in mainstream languages, and I am looking to expand my horizons and learn about functional aspects that are missing from other languages. I am familiar with closures from javascript, lambda expressions from C#, and I was wondering what I can focus on that is lacking in other languages? Aside from the Lisp syntax, I feel like what I have seen so far I've already encountered in other languages. What is unique to Scheme/Lisp that will teach me something new?

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• Any tips to learn how to program with severe ADHD?

  - by twinbornJoint

  I have a difficult time trying to learn how to program from straight text-books. Video training seems to work well for me in my past experiences with PHP. I am trying my hardest to stay focussed and push through. Specifically I am looking to start indie game development. Over the last two weeks I have been trying to pick the "right" language and framework to develop with. I started going through Python, but I am not really enjoying the language so far. I am constantly looking through this website to compare this language to that, and keep getting distracted. Aside from all of this, is it possible to become a programmer when you have trouble focussing? Has anyone been through this that can recommend some advice? edit - you guys can check my new question out with detailed information thanks to all of the responses from this thread. http://programmers.stackexchange.com/questions/15916/what-is-the-best-language-and-framework-for-my-situation

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• What is the value of a let expression

  - by Grzegorz Slawecki

  From what I understand, every code in f# is an expression, including let binding. Say we got the following code: let a = 5 printfn "%d" a I've read that this would be seen by the compiler as let a = 5 in ( printfn "%d" a ) And so the value of all this would be value of inner expression, which is value of printf. On the other hand, in f# interactive: > let a = 5;; val a : int = 5 Which clearly indicates that the value of let expression is the value bound to the identifier. Q: Can anyone explain what is the value of a let expression? Can it be different in compiled code than in F# interactive?

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• Draw contour around object in Opengl

  - by Maciekp

  I need to draw contour around 2d objects in 3d space. I tried drawing lines around object(+points to fill the gap), but due to line width, some part of it(~50%) was covering object. I tried to use stencil buffer, to eliminate this problem, but I got sth like this(contour is green): http://goo.gl/OI5uc (sorry I can't post images, due to my reputation) You can see(where arrow points), that some parts of line are behind object, and some are above. This changes when I move camera, but always there is some part, that is covering it. Here is code, that I use for drawing object: glColorMask(1,1,1,1); std::list<CObjectOnScene*>::iterator objIter=ptr->objects.begin(),objEnd=ptr->objects.end(); int countStencilBit=1; while(objIter!=objEnd) { glColorMask(1,1,1,1); glStencilFunc(GL_ALWAYS,countStencilBit,countStencilBit); glStencilOp(GL_REPLACE,GL_KEEP,GL_REPLACE ); (*objIter)->DrawYourVertices(); glStencilFunc(GL_NOTEQUAL,countStencilBit,countStencilBit); glStencilOp(GL_KEEP,GL_KEEP,GL_REPLACE); (*objIter)->DrawYourBorder(); ++objIter; ++countStencilBit; } I've tried different settings of stencil buffer, but always I was getting sth like that. Here is question: 1.Am I setting stencil buffer wrong? 2. Are there any other simple ways to create contour on such objects? Thanks in advance.

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• Parallel.For Inconsistency results

  - by ni Gue ???

  I am using VB.net to write a parallel based code. I use Parallel.For to generate pairs of 500 objects or in combination C(500,2) such as the following code; but I found that it didn't always generate all combinations which should be 124750 (shown from variable Counter). No other thread was runing when this code was run. I am using a Win-7 32 Bit desktop with Intel Core i5 CPU [email protected], 3.33 GHz and RAM 2GB. What's wrong with the code and how to solve this problem? Thank You. Dim Counter As Integer = 0 Parallel.For(0, 499, Sub(i) For j As Integer = i + 1 To 499 Counter += 1 Console.Write(i & ":" & j) Next End Sub) Console.Writeline("Iteration number: " & Counter)

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• How do I get away from PHP in the web industry?

  - by Kurtis

  I'm just looking for some tips on getting away from using PHP for web development. I'm self-employed but it seems like all of the work I find deals with PHP. I'm not complaining about the work -- just the poor choice of a language that is incredibly popular. I'd love to do my web development in Python, Perl, C#, or even a fun and fancy functional language. There's the old saying that you don't tell a carpenter what kind of a hammer to use. At the same time, you do tell them what kind of material to build your house out of and how much you're willing to spend. The problem I am running in to is that I don't know how to get out of this spiral. I can't just turn down work because then I wouldn't have any. I really don't want to go work for another company -- and even if I did, I'd probably still be stuck using something I don't enjoy. I'm hoping someone has "been there" before and might have some good ideas on how to get out of this situation. Thanks!

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• Optimal way to learn DirectX?

  - by BluePhase

  I am finding it very difficult to learn DirectX 11. The MSDN website is just full of unorganized information that doesn't seem to help at all. I am particularly looking for something that explains many if not all aspects of developing with DirectX 11. I have been searching for weeks and still come up empty. I have found some books but they don't really explain the fundamentals of the language at all. Thanks in advanced.

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• Passing data between engine layers

  - by spaceOwl

  I am building a software system (game engine with networking support ) that is made up of (roughly) these layers: Game Layer Messaging Layer Networking Layer Game related data is passed to the messaging layer (this could be anything that is game specific), where they are to be converted to network specific messages (which are then serialized to byte arrays). I'm looking for a way to be able to convert "game" data into "network" data, such that no strong coupling between these layers will exist. As it looks now, the Messaging layer sits between both layers (game and network) and "knows" both of them (it contains Converter objects that know how to translate between data objects of both layers back and forth). I am not sure this is the best solution. Is there a good design for passing objects between layers? I'd like to learn more about the different options.

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• how to detect keylogger in windows that hooked up key-press?

  - by saber tabatabaee yazdi

  For security reasons we have to detect all key-loggers and log them in somewhere like windows events. I have piece of C# code that it is very easy to install all clients and up and running every day in system trays and no one can close it. We want to modify that code and send logs to central web service in our network (that this also web service is installed last year and receive and log all another security logs).

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• When should one use "out" parameters?

  - by qegal

  In Objective-C, there are several methods like initWithContentsOfFile:encoding:error: where one passes in a reference to an NSError object for the error: parameter. In this example, the value of the NSError object passed in can change based on what goes on at runtime when the method is being called and whether the body of the method was executed in a certain way successfully. In a way I think of this NSError object as sort of like a second return value from the method, and only differs from an object anObject in the statement return anObject; in that when this statement is called, execution leaves the method. So my question is, not only in the context of error handling in Objective-C, but in general, when should one use an "out" parameter in place of returning said value in a return statement?

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• Picking Core Language For Large Scale Web Platform

  - by ryanzec

  Now I have work with PHP and ASP.NET quite a bit and also played around few other language for web development. I am now at a point where need to start building a backend platform that will have the ability to support a large set of applications and I am trying to figure out which language I want to choose as my core language. When I say core language I mean the language that the majority of the backend code is going to be in. This is not to say that other languages won't be used because my guess is that they will but I want a large majority of the code (90%-98%) to be in 1 language. While I see to benefit of using the language that is best for the job, having 15% in php, 15% in ASP.NET, 5% in perl, 10% in python, 15% in ruby, etc… seems like a very bad idea to me (not to mention integrating everything seamlessly would probably add a bit of overhead). If you were going to be building a large scale web platform that need to support multiple applications from scratch, what would you choose as your core language and why?

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• Parsing an header with two different version [ID3] avoiding code duplication?

  - by user66141

  I really hope you could give me some interesting viewpoints for my situation, my ways to approach my issue are not to my liking . I am writing an mp3 parser , starting with an ID3v2 parser . Right now I`m working on the extended header parsing , my issue is that the optional header is defined differently in version 2.3 and 2.4 of the tag . The 2.3 version optional header is defined as follows : struct ID3_3_EXTENDED_HEADER{ DWORD dwExtHeaderSize; //Extended header size (either 6 or 8 bytes , excluded) WORD wExtFlags; //Extended header flags DWORD dwSizeOfPadding; //Size of padding (size of the tag excluding the frames and headers) }; While the 2.4 version is defined : struct ID3_4_EXTENDED_HEADER{ DWORD dwExtHeaderSize; //Extended header size (synchsafe int) BYTE bNumberOfFlagBytes; //Number of flag bytes BYTE bFlags; //Flags }; How could I parse the header while minimizing code duplication ? Using two different functions to parse each version sounds less great , using a single function with a different flow for each occasion is similar , any good practices for this kind of issues ? any tips for avoiding code duplication ? anything would be great .

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• Should I use AND or should I use OR

  - by BDotA

  An order can be in the "status" of Completed, Corrected or some other stratus. I saw some code that is checking it like this, the purpose is to disable some stuff when the status is in Completed or Corrected status. if (model.CurrentStatus != DSRHelper.OrderStatusEnum.Complete && model.CurrentStatus != DSRHelper.OrderStatusEnum.Corrected) I can't get it why the engineer has used "AND" for this, shouldn't it be an "OR"?

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