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  • How to visualize code?

    - by gablin
    I've mostly only had to read my own code. As such, I've had no need to visualize the code as I already know how each and every class and module communicate with one another. But the few times I've had to read someone else's code - let us now assume we are talking about at least one larger module which contains several internal classes - I've almost always found myself wishing "This would have been so much easier to understand if I could just visualize it!" So what are the common methods or tools for enabling this? Which do you use, and why do you prefer them over the others? I've heard stuff like UML, module and class diagrams, but I imagine there are more. Furthermore, any of these is most likely better than anything I can devise on my own. EDIT: For those who answer with "Use pen and paper and just draw it": This isn't very helpful unless you explain this further. What exactly am I supposed to draw? A box for each class? Should I include the public methods? What about its fields? How should I draw connections that explain how one class uses another? What about modules? What if the language isn't object-oriented but functional or logical, or even just imperative (C, for instance)? What about global variables and functions? Is there an already-standardized way of drawing this, or do I need to think up of a method of my own? You get the drift.

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  • How do you keep track of the authors of code?

    - by dustyprogrammer
    This is something I was never taught. I have seen alot of different types of authoring styles. I code primarily in Java and Python. I was wondering if there was a standard authoring style or if everything is freestyle. Also if you answer would you mind attaching the style you use to author files that your create at home or at work. I usually just go @author garbagecollector @company garbage inc.

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  • I want to fix a bug. Where do I start?

    - by Ingo Gerth
    Although I am not a professional programmer, I have written a program or two. Yet, nowadays every engineer and scientist learns to program a bit as well, and as such I am used to writing programs in Python, C and MATLAB. Now I want to give back a bit to Ubuntu and its great folks and fix a bug! I had a look at the list of the bitesize campaign and had to find that most of them are not that easy for me to fix as I suspect they require a lot of time to get into the matter, and I do not have that. Still I discovered this one and it looks manageable and like a cool feature to me. As I have never written a patch or released a program to the wild before though, I have no idea where to start. What should be my first step to tackle that problem? Bottom line: Where and how do I start fixing that guy?

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  • Is there such a thing as having too many private functions/methods?

    - by shovonr
    I understand the importance of well documented code. But I also understand the importance of self-documenting code. The easier it is to visually read a particular function, the faster we can move on during software maintenance. With that said, I like to separate big functions into other smaller ones. But I do so to a point where a class can have upwards of five of them just to serve one public method. Now multiply five private methods by five public ones, and you get around twenty-five hidden methods that are probably going to be called only once by those public ones. Sure, it's now easier to read those public methods, but I can't help but think that having too many functions is bad practice.

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  • Immutable design with an ORM: How are sessions managed?

    - by Programmin Tool
    If I were to make a site with a mutable language like C# and use NHibernate, I would normally approach sessions with the idea of making them as create only when needed and dispose at request end. This has helped with keeping a session for multiple transactions by a user but keep it from staying open too long where the state might be corrupted. In an immutable system, like F#, I would think I shouldn't do this because it supposes that a single session could be updated constantly by any number of inserts/updates/deletes/ect... I'm not against the "using" solution since I would think that connecting pooling will help cut down on the cost of connecting every time, but I don't know if all database systems do connection pooling. It just seems like there should be a better way that doesn't compromise the immutability goal. Should I just do a simple "using" block per transaction or is there a better pattern for this?

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  • Is it bad practise to call a controller action from a view that was rendered by another controller?

    - by marco-fiset
    Let's say I have an OrderController which handles orders. The user adds products to it through the view, and then the final price gets calculated through an AJAX call to a controller action. The price calculation logic is implemented in a seperate class and used in a controller action. What happens is that I have many views from different controllers that need to use that particular action. I'd like to have some kind of a PriceController that I could call an action on. But then the view would have to know about that PriceController and call an action on it. Is it bad practice for a view to call an action on a different controller from which it was rendered?

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  • Is return-type-(only)-polymorphism in Haskell a good thing?

    - by dainichi
    One thing that I've never quite come to terms with in Haskell is how you can have polymorphic constants and functions whose return type cannot be determined by their input type, like class Foo a where foo::Int -> a Some of the reasons that I do not like this: Referential transparency: "In Haskell, given the same input, a function will always return the same output", but is that really true? read "3" return 3 when used in an Int context, but throws an error when used in a, say, (Int,Int) context. Yes, you can argue that read is also taking a type parameter, but the implicitness of the type parameter makes it lose some of its beauty in my opinion. Monomorphism restriction: One of the most annoying things about Haskell. Correct me if I'm wrong, but the whole reason for the MR is that computation that looks shared might not be because the type parameter is implicit. Type defaulting: Again one of the most annoying things about Haskell. Happens e.g. if you pass the result of functions polymorphic in their output to functions polymorphic in their input. Again, correct me if I'm wrong, but this would not be necessary without functions whose return type cannot be determined by their input type (and polymorphic constants). So my question is (running the risk of being stamped as a "discussion quesion"): Would it be possible to create a Haskell-like language where the type checker disallows these kinds of definitions? If so, what would be the benefits/disadvantages of that restriction? I can see some immediate problems: If, say, 2 only had the type Integer, 2/3 wouldn't type check anymore with the current definition of /. But in this case, I think type classes with functional dependencies could come to the rescue (yes, I know that this is an extension). Furthermore, I think it is a lot more intuitive to have functions that can take different input types, than to have functions that are restricted in their input types, but we just pass polymorphic values to them. The typing of values like [] and Nothing seems to me like a tougher nut to crack. I haven't thought of a good way to handle them. I doubt I am the first person to have had thoughts like these. Does anybody have links to good discussions about this Haskell design decision and the pros/cons of it?

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  • How do I get a new license for gDEBugger after the 1 free year?

    - by Byte56
    I downloaded the gDEBugger from gremedy over a year ago, with their one year free license. The license has since expired and their site says that I'll be presented with the option for 1 year free license the first time I run it after install. This doesn't happen when re-installing, it just tells me the license has expired. How do I get a new license? I use this regularly for debugging shader problems and performance testing my game.

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  • SQL Server APPLY Basics

    One of the most interesting additions to SQL Server syntax in SQL Server 2005 was the APPLY operator. It allows several queries that were previously impossible. It is surprisingly difficult to find a simple explanation of what APPLY actually does. Rob Sheldon is the specialist in simple explanations, so we asked him.

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  • Callbacks: when to return value, and when to modify parameter?

    - by MarkN
    When writing a callback, when is best to have the callback return a value, and when is it best to have the callback modify a parameter? Is there a difference? For example, if we wanted to grab a list of dependencies, when would you do this: function GetDependencies(){ return [{"Dep1" : 1.1}, {"Dept2": 1.2}, {"Dep3" : 1.3}]; } And when would you do this? function RegisterDependencies(register){ register.add("Dep1", 1.1); register.add("Dep2", 1.2); register.add("Dep3", 1.3); }

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  • Best language or tool for automating tedious manual tasks [closed]

    - by Jon Hopkins
    We all have tasks that come up from time to time that we think we'd be better off scripting or automating than doing manually. Obviously some tools or languages are better for this than others - no-one (in their right mind) is doing a one off job of cross referencing a bunch of text lists their PM has just given them in assembler for instance. What one tool or language would you recommend for the sort of general quick and dirty jobs you get asked to do where time (rather than elegance) is of the essence? Background: I'm a former programmer, now development manager PM, looking to learn a new language for fun. If I'm going to learn something for fun I'd like it to be useful and this sort of use case is the most likely to come up.

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  • What is the actual problem with a prototype based design?

    - by WindScar
    I feel like anything that can be developed using OO/functional languages can be generally made 'better' using a prototype based language, because they appaer to have the best of them all: high order functions, flexibility to simulate any OO structure, productivity (low verbosity) and scalability because of concurrency. But it seems like they are avoided for the creation of executable applications and of bigger projects in general. Why that?

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  • Should I concentrate on writing code for money or my studies while in college?

    - by A-Cube
    I am college student of Software Engineering. My worries are that while I am concentrating on my studies, my peers are getting down with the code (e.g. HTML, ASP, PHP, etc) to earn money. Should I be worried that I am not doing coding like them? I was asked to be Microsoft Student Partner but I refused because the person what was doing before me told it was just arranging events. Nothing as such like getting with Microsoft and coding. Should I be writing code and earning money as I still am in 4th semester? I only have C++ as learning language in college. Will my job count on these projects that I do, or should I concentrate on studies for now to get maximum benefit?

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  • Draw contour around object in Opengl

    - by Maciekp
    I need to draw contour around 2d objects in 3d space. I tried drawing lines around object(+points to fill the gap), but due to line width, some part of it(~50%) was covering object. I tried to use stencil buffer, to eliminate this problem, but I got sth like this(contour is green): http://goo.gl/OI5uc (sorry I can't post images, due to my reputation) You can see(where arrow points), that some parts of line are behind object, and some are above. This changes when I move camera, but always there is some part, that is covering it. Here is code, that I use for drawing object: glColorMask(1,1,1,1); std::list<CObjectOnScene*>::iterator objIter=ptr->objects.begin(),objEnd=ptr->objects.end(); int countStencilBit=1; while(objIter!=objEnd) { glColorMask(1,1,1,1); glStencilFunc(GL_ALWAYS,countStencilBit,countStencilBit); glStencilOp(GL_REPLACE,GL_KEEP,GL_REPLACE ); (*objIter)->DrawYourVertices(); glStencilFunc(GL_NOTEQUAL,countStencilBit,countStencilBit); glStencilOp(GL_KEEP,GL_KEEP,GL_REPLACE); (*objIter)->DrawYourBorder(); ++objIter; ++countStencilBit; } I've tried different settings of stencil buffer, but always I was getting sth like that. Here is question: 1.Am I setting stencil buffer wrong? 2. Are there any other simple ways to create contour on such objects? Thanks in advance. EDIT: 1. I don't have normals of objects. 2. Object can be concave. 3. I can't use shaders(see below why).

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  • is jargon related to a frameWork (concept)

    - by MaKo
    If this is not the right place to ask this question please inform where it would belong, to change it... I have a doubt for the correct word or concept in english language [not my native], about the relationship of language to framework for example i work with objective C, with the cocoa touch frame work || python with the django frame work My comparison is between natural languages and formal languages, So would be in a natural language english and the frame work a [computer, it]jargon? Does this make sense? Or what other concept would be the relationship between natural language - framework?

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  • How Is there anyway to Compile Notepad++?

    - by user44179
    I really like using Notepad++ to write HTML and such. After I started using Ubuntu I looked around for an alternative to Notpad++. I found a thread which lead me to try Geany and a few others, but I really miss Notepad++. Is there anyway I could compile it from the source code to use on Ubuntu? I know its written in C++. Could I just open it in Code::Blocks and compile it? You can get the source here. I wouldn't mind hearing about other alternatives, but really want to know if compiling it is possible. Thanks

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  • Recreating Doodle Jump in Canvas - Platforms spawning out of reach

    - by kushsolitary
    I have started to recreate Doodle Jump in HTML using Canvas. Here's my current progress. As you can see, if you play it for a few seconds, some platforms will be out of the player's reach. I don't know why is this happening. Here's the code which is responsible for the re-spawning of platforms. //Movement of player affected by gravity if(player.y > (height / 2) - (player.height / 2)) { player.y += player.vy; player.vy += gravity; } else { for(var i = 0; i < platforms.length; i++) { var p = platforms[i]; if(player.vy < 0) { p.y -= player.vy; player.vy += 0.08; } if(p.y > height) { position = 0; var h = p.y; platforms[i] = new Platform(); } if(player.vy >= 0) { player.y += player.vy; player.vy += gravity; } } } Also, here's the platform class. //Platform class function Platform(y) { this.image = new Image(); this.image.src = platformImg; this.width = 105; this.height = 25; this.x = Math.random() * (width - this.width); this.y = y || position; position += height / platformCount; //Function to draw it this.draw = function() { try { ctx.drawImage(this.image, this.x, this.y, this.width, this.height); } catch(e) {} }; } You can also see the whole code on the link I provided. Also, when a platform goes out of the view port, the jump animation becomes quirky. I am still trying to find out what's causing this but can't find any solution.

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  • Is deserializing complex objects instead of creating them a good idea, in test setup?

    - by Chris Bye
    I'm writing tests for a component that takes very complex objects as input. These tests are mixes of tests against already existing components, and test-first tests for new features. Instead of re-creating my input objects (this would be a large chunk of code) or reading one from our data store, I had the thought to serialize a live instance of one of these objects, and just deserialize it into test setup. I can't decide if this is a reasonable idea that will save effort in long run, or whether it's the worst idea that I've ever had, causing those that will maintain this code will hunt me down as soon as they read it. Is deserialization of inputs a valid means of test setup in some cases? To give a sense of scale of what I'm dealing with, the size of serialization output for one of these input objects is 93KB. Obtained by, in C#: new BinaryFormatter().Serialize((Stream)fileStream, myObject);

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  • Languages with C/C++ output [closed]

    - by Vag
    Which languages have compilers able to emit plain standard C/C++ code? For a start: Haxe // uses Boehm GC Haskell (JHC) Haskell (old GHC) // -fvia-c, removed recently (emitted code is super ugly) Clay ATS Cython RPython (Shed Skin) // experimental RPython (PyPy) Python (Nuitka) // although author claims there are no speedups Common Lisp (ECL) COBOL (OpenCobol) Scheme (Chicken) APL // So far I've not found working implementation available for free download Ur/Web // GCC-specific output, and intended to be used only for web developments (included for completeness only) I'd like to build comprehensive up-to-date list but found only these ones so far. I've tested only Haxe and it works pretty well and quite fast. What about other ones? What is your expirience? How much ugly is generated code? Update. Any language chains (e.g. X - Scheme - C) will be perfectly OK as answer if its use is practical enough and suited for production use.

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  • Why is this beat detection code failing to register some beats properly?

    - by Quincy
    I made this SoundAnalyzer class to detect beats in songs: class SoundAnalyzer { public SoundBuffer soundData; public Sound sound; public List<double> beatMarkers = new List<double>(); public SoundAnalyzer(string path) { soundData = new SoundBuffer(path); sound = new Sound(soundData); } // C = threshold, N = size of history buffer / 1024 B = bands public void PlaceBeatMarkers(float C, int N, int B) { List<double>[] instantEnergyList = new List<double>[B]; GetEnergyList(B, ref instantEnergyList); for (int i = 0; i < B; i++) { PlaceMarkers(instantEnergyList[i], N, C); } beatMarkers.Sort(); } private short[] getRange(int begin, int end, short[] array) { short[] result = new short[end - begin]; for (int i = 0; i < end - begin; i++) { result[i] = array[begin + i]; } return result; } // get a array of with a list of energy for each band private void GetEnergyList(int B, ref List<double>[] instantEnergyList) { for (int i = 0; i < B; i++) { instantEnergyList[i] = new List<double>(); } short[] samples = soundData.Samples; float timePerSample = 1 / (float)soundData.SampleRate; int sampleIndex = 0; int nextSamples = 1024; int samplesPerBand = nextSamples / B; // for the whole song while (sampleIndex + nextSamples < samples.Length) { complex[] FFT = FastFourier.Calculate(getRange(sampleIndex, nextSamples + sampleIndex, samples)); // foreach band for (int i = 0; i < B; i++) { double energy = 0; for (int j = 0; j < samplesPerBand; j++) energy += FFT[i * samplesPerBand + j].GetMagnitude(); energy /= samplesPerBand; instantEnergyList[i].Add(energy); } if (sampleIndex + nextSamples >= samples.Length) nextSamples = samples.Length - sampleIndex - 1; sampleIndex += nextSamples; samplesPerBand = nextSamples / B; } } // place the actual markers private void PlaceMarkers(List<double> instantEnergyList, int N, float C) { double timePerSample = 1 / (double)soundData.SampleRate; int index = N; int numInBuffer = index; double historyBuffer = 0; //Fill the history buffer with n * instant energy for (int i = 0; i < index; i++) { historyBuffer += instantEnergyList[i]; } // If instantEnergy / samples in buffer < instantEnergy for the next sample then add beatmarker. while (index + 1 < instantEnergyList.Count) { if(instantEnergyList[index + 1] > (historyBuffer / numInBuffer) * C) beatMarkers.Add((index + 1) * 1024 * timePerSample); historyBuffer -= instantEnergyList[index - numInBuffer]; historyBuffer += instantEnergyList[index + 1]; index++; } } } For some reason it's only detecting beats from 637 sec to around 641 sec, and I have no idea why. I know the beats are being inserted from multiple bands since I am finding duplicates, and it seems that it's assigning a beat to each instant energy value in between those values. It's modeled after this: http://www.flipcode.com/misc/BeatDetectionAlgorithms.pdf So why won't the beats register properly?

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  • Logic or Algorithm to solve this problem [closed]

    - by jade
    I have two lists. List1 {a,b,c,d,e} and List2 {f,g,h,i,j} The relation between the two list is as follows a->g,a->h,h->c,h->d,d->i,d->j Now I have these two lists displayed. Based on the relation above on selecting element a from List1, List2 shows g,h. On selecting h from List2, in List1 c,d are shown in List1. On selecting d from List1 it shows i,j in List2. How to trace back to initial state by deselecting the elements in reverse order in which they have been selected?

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  • Dealing with a gfortran error?

    - by user293253
    I usually do some pieces of code in Fortran and C for my job, but since some days ago I get the following error: $ gfortran D.f -o D.x gfortran: error trying to exec 'f951': execvp: No such file or directory (I have Ubuntu 14.04 on a I7, 8cores and 64b) I did try searching on the forums and several option but nothing seems to work ... Could somebody help ... ? I guess the problem started when I did something to install adobereader and/or skype.

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  • What are the benefits of Android way of "saving memory" - explicitly passing Context objects everywhere?

    - by Sarge Borsch
    Turned out, this question is not easy to formulate for me, but let's try. In Android, pretty much any UI object depends on a Context, and has defined lifetime. It also can destroy and recreate UI objects and even whole application process at any time, and so on. This makes coding asynchronous operations correctly not straightforward. (and sometimes very cumbersome) But I never have seen a real explanation, why it's done that way? There are other OSes, including mobile OSes (iOS, for example), that don't do such things. So, what are the wins of Android way (Activities & Contexts)? Does that allow Android applications to use much less RAM, or maybe there are other benefits?

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  • Automatic language transformation in editor or IDE [on hold]

    - by Rumca
    Are there any tools that are capable of editing code but in different language? To be more concrete, I want to parse java source file in editor, compile it to my language X, edit in X and compile back to java on save. Or edit pom.xml file using non-XML syntax. Which editor or IDE would be easiest to use for implementing such prototype? Option to transform only a snippet would be ideal to limit effort on parsing. For one example, Intellij IDEA can display anonymous class so it looks like lambda expression hiding some of boilerplate.

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  • Deferent ways of solving problems in code.

    - by Erin
    I now program in C# for a living but before that I programmed in python for 5 years. I have found that I write C# very that most examples I see on the web. Rather then writing things like: foreach (string bar in foo) { //bar has something doen to it here } I write code that looks like this. foo.ForEach( c => c.someActionhere() ) Or var result = foo.Select( c => { //Some code here to transform the item. }).ToList(); I think my using code like above came form my love of map and reduce in python while not exactly the same thing the concepts are close. Now it's time for my question. What concepts do you take and move with you from language to language. That allow you to solve a problem in a way that is not the normal accepted solution in that language?

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