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  • C# struct with an array

    - by Whitey
    I am making a game using C# with the XNA framework. The player is a 2D soldier on screen and the user is able to fire bullets. The bullets are stored in an array. I have looked into using Lists and arrays for this and I came to the conclusion that an array is a lot better for me, as there will be a lot of bullets firing and being destroyed at once, something that I read Lists don't handle so well. After reading through some posts on the XNA forums, this came to my attention: http://forums.xna.com/forums/p/16037/84353.aspx I have created a struct like so: // Bullets struct Bullet { Vector2 Position; Vector2 Velocity; float Rotation; Rectangle BoundingRect; bool Active; } And I made the array like this: Bullet[] bulletCollection = new Bullet[100]; But when I try to do some code like this: // Fire bullet if (mouseState.LeftButton == ButtonState.Pressed) { for (int i = 0; i < bulletCollection.Length; i++) { if (!bulletCollection[i].Active) { // something } } I get the following error: 'Zombie_Apocalypse.Game1.Bullet.Active' is inaccessible due to its protection level Can anyone lend a hand? I have no idea why this error is popping up, or even if I'm declaring the array properly or anything... as the post on the XNA forums doesn't go into detail about that. Thank you for any help you can provide. :)

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  • passing reference of class to another class android error

    - by prolink007
    I recently asked the precursor to this question and had a great reply. However, when i was working this into my android application i am getting an unexpected error and was wondering if everyone could take a look at my code and help me see what i am doing wrong. Link to the initial question: passing reference of class to another class My ERROR: "The constructor ConnectDevice(new View.OnClickListener(){}) is undefined" The above is an error detected by eclipse. Thanks in advance! Below are My code snippets: public class SmartApp extends Activity { /** Called when the activity is first created. */ @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.intro); final Button connectDeviceButton = (Button) findViewById(R.id.connectDeviceButton); connectDeviceButton.setOnClickListener( new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { Thread cThread = new Thread(new ConnectDevice(this)); cThread.start(); } }); } } public class ConnectDevice implements Runnable { private boolean connected; private SmartApp smartAppRef; private ObjectInputStream ois; public ConnectDevice(SmartApp smartAppRef) { this.smartAppRef = smartAppRef; } }

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  • C++ Problem: Class Promotion using derived class

    - by Michael Fitzpatrick
    I have a class for Float32 that is derived from Float32_base class Float32_base { public: // Constructors Float32_base(float x) : value(x) {}; Float32_base(void) : value(0) {}; operator float32(void) {return value;}; Float32_base operator =(float x) {value = x; return *this;}; Float32_base operator +(float x) const { return value + x;}; protected: float value; } class Float32 : public Float32_base { public: float Tad() { return value + .01; } } int main() { Float32 x, y, z; x = 1; y = 2; // WILL NOT COMPILE! z = (x + y).Tad(); // COMPILES OK z = ((Float32)(x + y)).Tad(); } The issue is that the + operator returns a Float32_base and Tad() is not in that class. But 'x' and 'y' are Float32's. Is there a way that I can get the code in the first line to compile without having to resort to a typecast like I did on the next line?

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  • Class or Dictionary

    - by user2038134
    I want to create a immutable Scale class in C#. public sealed class Scale { string _Name; string _Description; SomeOrderedCollection _ScaleValueDefinitions; Unit _Unit // properties .... // methods ContainsValue(double value) .... // constructors // all parameters except scalevaluedefinitions are optional // for a Scale to be useful atleast 1 ScaleValueDefinition should exist public Scale(string name, string description, SomeOrderedCollection scaleValueDefinitions, unit) { /* initialize */} } so first a ScaleValueDefinition should be represented by to values: Value (double) Definition (string) these values are known before the Scale class is created and should be unique. so what is the best approach. create a immutable class ScaleValueDefinition with value and definition as properties and use it in a list. use a dictionary. use another way i didn't think of... and how to implement it. for option 1. i can use params ScaleValueDefinition[] ValueDefinitions in the constructor, but how to do it for the other options? and as last at what amount of value's (properties) should i choose one option over the other?

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  • Class Versus Struct

    - by Prometheus87
    In C++ and other influenced languages there is a construct called Structure (struct) and we all know the class. Both are capable of holding functions and variables. some differences are 1. Class is given memory in heap and struct is given memory in stack 2. in class variable are private by default and in struct thy are public My question is that struct was somehow abandoned for Class. Why? other that abstraction, a struct can do all the same stuff a class does. Then why abandon it?

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  • PHP class data implementation

    - by Bakanyaka
    I'm studying OOP PHP and have watched two tutorials that implement user login\registration system as an example. But implementation varies. Which way will be more correct one to work with data such as this? Load all data retrieved from database as array into a property called something like _data on class creation and further methods operate with this property Create separate properties for each field retrieved from database, on class creation load all data fields into respective properties and operate with that properties separately? Then let's say I want to create a method that returns a list of all users with their data. Which way is better? Method that returns just an array of userdata like this: Array([0]=>array([id] => 1, [username] => 'John', ...), [1]=>array([id] => 2, [username] => 'Jack', ...), ...) Method that creates a new instance of it's class for each user and returns an array of objects

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  • Help with infrequent segmentation fault in accessing struct

    - by Sarah
    I'm having trouble debugging a segmentation fault. I'd appreciate tips on how to go about narrowing in on the problem. The error appears when an iterator tries to access an element of a struct Infection, defined as: struct Infection { public: explicit Infection( double it, double rt ) : infT( it ), recT( rt ) {} double infT; // infection start time double recT; // scheduled recovery time }; These structs are kept in a special structure, InfectionMap: typedef boost::unordered_multimap< int, Infection > InfectionMap; Every member of class Host has an InfectionMap carriage. Recovery times and associated host identifiers are kept in a priority queue. When a scheduled recovery event arises in the simulation for a particular strain s in a particular host, the program searches through carriage of that host to find the Infection whose recT matches the recovery time (double recoverTime). (For reasons that aren't worth going into, it's not as expedient for me to use recT as the key to InfectionMap; the strain s is more useful, and coinfections with the same strain are possible.) assert( carriage.size() > 0 ); pair<InfectionMap::iterator,InfectionMap::iterator> ret = carriage.equal_range( s ); InfectionMap::iterator it; for ( it = ret.first; it != ret.second; it++ ) { if ( ((*it).second).recT == recoverTime ) { // produces seg fault carriage.erase( it ); } } I get a "Program received signal EXC_BAD_ACCESS, Could not access memory. Reason: KERN_INVALID_ADDRESS at address..." on the line specified above. The recoverTime is fine, and the assert(...) in the code is not tripped. As I said, this seg fault appears 'randomly' after thousands of successful recovery events. How would you go about figuring out what's going on? I'd love ideas about what could be wrong and how I can further investigate the problem.

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  • Access static class variable of parent class in Python

    - by fuenfundachtzig
    I have someting like this class A: __a = 0 def __init__(self): A.__a = A.__a + 1 def a(self): return A.__a class B(A): def __init__(self): # how can I access / modify A.__a here? A.__a = A.__a + 1 # does not work def a(self): return A.__a Can I access the __astatic variable in B? It's possible writing a instead of __a, is this the only way? (I guess the answer might be rather short: yes :)

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  • Making Global Struct in C++ Program

    - by mosg
    Hello world! I am trying to make global structure, which will be seen from any part of the source code. I need it for my big Qt project, where some global variables needed. Here it is: 3 files (global.h, dialog.h & main.cpp). For compilation I use Visual Studio (Visual C++). global.h #ifndef GLOBAL_H_ #define GLOBAL_H_ typedef struct TNumber { int g_nNumber; } TNum; TNum Num; #endif dialog.h #ifndef DIALOG_H_ #define DIALOG_H_ #include <iostream> #include "global.h" using namespace std; class ClassB { public: ClassB() {}; void showNumber() { Num.g_nNumber = 82; cout << "[ClassB][Change Number]: " << Num.g_nNumber << endl; } }; #endif and main.cpp #include <iostream> #include "global.h" #include "dialog.h" using namespace std; class ClassA { public: ClassA() { cout << "Hello from class A!\n"; }; void showNumber() { cout << "[ClassA]: " << Num.g_nNumber << endl; } }; int main(int argc, char **argv) { ClassA ca; ClassB cb; ca.showNumber(); cb.showNumber(); ca.showNumber(); cout << "Exit.\n"; return 0; } When I`m trying to build this little application, compilation works fine, but the linker gives me back an error: 1>dialog.obj : error LNK2005: "struct TNumber Num" (?Num@@3UTNumber@@A) already defined in main.obj Is there exists any solution? Thanks.

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  • Rails 3 Abstract Class vs Inherited Class

    - by R. Yanchuleff
    In my rails 3 model, I have two classes: Product, Service. I want both to be of type InventoryItem because I have another model called Store and Store has_many :InventoryItems This is what I'm trying to get to, but I'm not sure how to model this in my InventoryItem model and my Product and Service models. Should InventoryItem just be a parent class that Product and Service inherit from, or should InventoryItem be modeled as a class abstract of which Product and Service extend from. Thanks in advance for the advice!

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  • Iterating through struct fieldnames in MATLAB.

    - by Noio
    My question is easily summarized as: "Why does the following not work?" teststruct = struct('a',3,'b',5,'c',9) fields = fieldnames(teststruct) for i=1:numel(fns) fns(i) teststruct.(fns(i)) end output: ans = 'a' ??? Argument to dynamic structure reference must evaluate to a valid field name. Especially since teststruct.('a') does work. And fns(i) prints out ans = 'a'. I can't get my head around it.

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  • Setting attributes of a class during construction from **kwargs

    - by Carson Myers
    Python noob here, Currently I'm working with SQLAlchemy, and I have this: from __init__ import Base from sqlalchemy.schema import Column, ForeignKey from sqlalchemy.types import Integer, String from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship class User(Base): __tablename__ = "users" id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True) username = Column(String, unique=True) email = Column(String) password = Column(String) salt = Column(String) openids = relationship("OpenID", backref="users") User.__table__.create(checkfirst=True) #snip definition of OpenID class def create(**kwargs): user = User() if "username" in kwargs.keys(): user.username = kwargs['username'] if "email" in kwargs.keys(): user.username = kwargs['email'] if "password" in kwargs.keys(): user.password = kwargs['password'] return user This is in /db/users.py, so it would be used like: from db import users new_user = users.create(username="Carson", password="1234") new_user.email = "[email protected]" users.add(new_user) #this function obviously not defined yet but the code in create() is a little stupid, and I'm wondering if there's a better way to do it that doesn't require an if ladder, and that will fail if any keys are added that aren't in the User object already. Like: for attribute in kwargs.keys(): if attribute in User: user.__attribute__[attribute] = kwargs[attribute] else: raise Exception("blah") that way I could put this in its own function (unless one hopefully already exists?) So I wouldn't have to do the if ladder again and again, and so I could change the table structure without modifying this code. Any suggestions?

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  • Declaration of struct variables in other class when obtained by getters

    - by liaK
    Hi, I am using Qt 4.5 so do C++. I have a class like this class CClass1 { private: struct stModelDetails { QString name; QString code; ..... // only variables and no functions over here }; QList<stModelDetails> m_ModelDetailsList; public: QList<stModelDetails> getModelDetailsList(); ... }; In this I have functions that will populate the m_ModelDetailsList; I have another class say CClassStructureUsage, where I will call the getModelDetailsList() function. Now my need is that I have to traverse the QList and obtain the name, code from each of the stModelDetails. Now the problem is even the CClass1's header file is included it is not able to identify the type of stModelDetails in CClassStructureUsage. When I get the structure list by QList<stModelDetails> ModelList = obj->getModelInformationList(); it says stModelDetails : undeclared identifier. How I can able to fetch the values from the structure? Am I doing anything wrong over here?

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  • base class , inheritate class sizeof()

    - by user1279988
    why sizeof(X) is 4 and sizeof(Y) is 8? and another question, in class X, only the int(i) count as sizeof() 4? member function does take any memory space? Plz tell me, thanks! class X { int i; public: X() { i = 0; } void set(int ii) { i = ii; } int read() const { return i; } int permute() { return i = i * 47; } }; class Y : public X { int i; // Different from X's i public: Y() { i = 0; } int change() { i = permute(); // Different name call return i; } void set(int ii) { i = ii; X::set(ii); // Same-name function call } }; cout << "sizeof(X) = " << sizeof(X) << endl; cout << "sizeof(Y) = "

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  • Performance - FunctionCall vs Event vs Action vs Delegate

    - by hwcverwe
    Currently I am using Microsoft Sync Framework to synchronize databases. I need to gather information per record which is inserted/updated/deleted by Microsoft Sync Framework and do something with this information. The sync speed can go over 50.000 records per minute. So that means my additional code need to be very lightweight otherwise it will be a huge performance penalty. Microsoft Sync Framework raises an SyncProgress event for each record. I am subscribed to that code like this: // Assembly1 SyncProvider.SyncProgress += OnSyncProgress; // .... private void OnSyncProgress(object sender, DbSyncProgressEventArgs e) { switch (args.Stage) { case DbSyncStage.ApplyingInserts: // MethodCall/Delegate/Action<>/EventHandler<> => HandleInsertedRecordInformation // Do something with inserted record info break; case DbSyncStage.ApplyingUpdates: // MethodCall/Delegate/Action<>/EventHandler<> => HandleUpdatedRecordInformation // Do something with updated record info break; case DbSyncStage.ApplyingDeletes: // MethodCall/Delegate/Action<>/EventHandler<> => HandleDeletedRecordInformation // Do something with deleted record info break; } } Somewhere else in another assembly I have three methods: // Assembly2 public class SyncInformation { public void HandleInsertedRecordInformation(...) {...} public void HandleUpdatedRecordInformation(...) {...} public void HandleInsertedRecordInformation(...) {...} } Assembly2 has a reference to Assembly1. So Assembly1 does not know anything about the existence of the SyncInformation class which need to handle the gathered information. So I have the following options to trigger this code: use events and subscribe on it in Assembly2 1.1. EventHandler< 1.2. Action< 1.3. Delegates using dependency injection: public class Assembly2.SyncInformation : Assembly1.ISyncInformation Other? I know the performance depends on: OnSyncProgress switch using a method call, delegate, Action< or EventHandler< Implementation of SyncInformation class I currently don't care about the implementation of the SyncInformation class. I am mainly focused on the OnSyncProgress method and how to call the SyncInformation methods. So my questions are: What is the most efficient approach? What is the most in-efficient approach? Is there a better way than using a switch in OnSyncProgress?

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  • Help with infrequent segmentation fault in accessing boost::unordered_multimap or struct

    - by Sarah
    I'm having trouble debugging a segmentation fault. I'd appreciate tips on how to go about narrowing in on the problem. The error appears when an iterator tries to access an element of a struct Infection, defined as: struct Infection { public: explicit Infection( double it, double rt ) : infT( it ), recT( rt ) {} double infT; // infection start time double recT; // scheduled recovery time }; These structs are kept in a special structure, InfectionMap: typedef boost::unordered_multimap< int, Infection > InfectionMap; Every member of class Host has an InfectionMap carriage. Recovery times and associated host identifiers are kept in a priority queue. When a scheduled recovery event arises in the simulation for a particular strain s in a particular host, the program searches through carriage of that host to find the Infection whose recT matches the recovery time (double recoverTime). (For reasons that aren't worth going into, it's not as expedient for me to use recT as the key to InfectionMap; the strain s is more useful, and coinfections with the same strain are possible.) assert( carriage.size() > 0 ); pair<InfectionMap::iterator,InfectionMap::iterator> ret = carriage.equal_range( s ); InfectionMap::iterator it; for ( it = ret.first; it != ret.second; it++ ) { if ( ((*it).second).recT == recoverTime ) { // produces seg fault carriage.erase( it ); } } I get a "Program received signal EXC_BAD_ACCESS, Could not access memory. Reason: KERN_INVALID_ADDRESS at address..." on the line specified above. The recoverTime is fine, and the assert(...) in the code is not tripped. As I said, this seg fault appears 'randomly' after thousands of successful recovery events. How would you go about figuring out what's going on? I'd love ideas about what could be wrong and how I can further investigate the problem. Update I added a new assert and a check just inside the for loop: assert( carriage.size() > 0 ); assert( carriage.count( s ) > 0 ); pair<InfectionMap::iterator,InfectionMap::iterator> ret = carriage.equal_range( s ); InfectionMap::iterator it; cout << "carriage.count(" << s << ")=" << carriage.count(s) << endl; for ( it = ret.first; it != ret.second; it++ ) { cout << "(*it).first=" << (*it).first << endl; // error here if ( ((*it).second).recT == recoverTime ) { carriage.erase( it ); } } The EXC_BAD_ACCESS error now appears at the (*it).first call, again after many thousands of successful recoveries. Can anyone give me tips on how to figure out how this problem arises? I'm trying to use gdb. Frame 0 from the backtrace reads "#0 0x0000000100001d50 in Host::recover (this=0x100530d80, s=0, recoverTime=635.91148029170529) at Host.cpp:317" I'm not sure what useful information I can extract here. Update 2 I added a break; after the carriage.erase(it). This works, but I have no idea why (e.g., why it would remove the seg fault at (*it).first.

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  • Compare base class part of sub class instance to another base class instance

    - by Anders Abel
    I have number of DTO classes in a system. They are organized in an inheritance hierarchy. class Person { public int Id { get; set; } public string FirstName { get; set; } public string ListName { get; set; } } class PersonDetailed : Person { public string WorkPhone { get; set; } public string HomePhone { get; set; } public byte[] Image { get; set; } } The reason for splitting it up is to be able to get a list of people for e.g. search results, without having to drag the heavy image and phone numbers along. Then the full PersonDetail DTO is loaded when the details for one person is selected. The problem I have run into is comparing these when writing unit tests. Assume I have Person p1 = myService.GetAPerson(); PersonDetailed p2 = myService.GetAPersonDetailed(); // How do I compare the base class part of p2 to p1? Assert.AreEqual(p1, p2); The Assert above will fail, as p1 and p2 are different classes. Is it possible to somehow only compare the base class part of p2 to p1? Should I implement IEquatable<> on Person? Other suggestions?

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  • Ubuntu Screenshot Window Class

    - by Weylin Schreck
    I would like to know the class for the "thing" that pops up when you take a screen shot using the default screen capture utility in Ubuntu 12.04. When I do a full screen capture it lags a lot because of particular animation I use to open things like drop down menus. Therefore I’d like to disable that only. If someone could provide me with the window "class=" or however I would disable the animation there it would be greatly appreciated.

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  • Php 2d array as C# 2d array/struct

    - by ile
    I'm using MailChimp's API to subscribe email to a list. Function listsubscribe() is used for email subscription: public static listSubscribe(string apikey, string id, string email_address, array merge_vars, string email_type, boolean double_optin, boolean update_existing, boolean replace_interests, boolean send_welcome) I downloaded MailChimp's official .NET wrapper for their API When looking in Visual Studio, this is one of overloaded functions: listSubscribe(string apikey, string id, string email_address, MCMergeVar[] merges) When I click on definition of MCMergeVar[], this comes out: [XmlRpcMissingMapping(MappingAction.Ignore)] public struct MCMergeVar { public string name; public bool req; [XmlRpcMissingMapping(MappingAction.Error)] public string tag; public string val; } In a php example on MailChimp's website, this is how merges variable is declared: $merge_vars = array('FNAME'=>'Test', 'LNAME'=>'Account', 'INTERESTS'=>''); How to write this array correctly for my C# wrapper? I tried something like this: MCMergeVar[] subMergeVars = new MCMergeVar[1]; subMergeVars["FNAME"] = "Test User"; But it requires an int in place where "FNAME" is now placed, so this doesn't work... Thanks in advance, Ile

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  • How do I set an array in one class with another array in another class

    - by Stef
    I've populated and array with data like this in one class... PowerClass.h NSMutableArray pickerArray; @property (nonatomic, retain) NSMutableArray pickerArray; - PowerClass.m @synthesize pickerArray; @implementation NSMutableArray *array = [[NSArray alloc] initWithObjects:@"stef", @"steve", @"baddamans", @"jonny", nil]; pickerArray = [NSMutableArray arrayWithArray:array]; And I'm trying to set the Array in another class WeekClass.h PowerClass *powerClass; NSMutableArray *pickerData; @property (nonatomic, retain) NSMutableArray pickerData; @property (nonatomic, retain) PowerClass *powerClass; WeekClass.m @implementation pickerData = [NSMutableArray arrayWithArray:powerClass.pickerArray]; I have no errors or warnings. It just crashes. The NSLog says that the powerClass.pickerArray is NULL. Please help point me in the right direction.

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  • Why freed struct in C still has data?

    - by kliketa
    When I run this code: #include <stdio.h> typedef struct _Food { char name [128]; } Food; int main (int argc, char **argv) { Food *food; food = (Food*) malloc (sizeof (Food)); snprintf (food->name, 128, "%s", "Corn"); free (food); printf ("%d\n", sizeof *food); printf ("%s\n", food->name); } I still get 128 Corn although I have freed food. Why is this? Is memory really freed?

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  • Sending object C from class A to class B

    - by user278618
    Hi, I can't figure out how to design classes in my system. In classA I create object selenium (it simulates user actions at website). In this ClassA I create another objects like SearchScreen, Payment_Screen and Summary_Screen. # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- from selenium import selenium import unittest, time, re class OurSiteTestCases(unittest.TestCase): def setUp(self): self.verificationErrors = [] self.selenium = selenium("localhost", 5555, "*chrome", "http://www.someaddress.com/") time.sleep(5) self.selenium.start() def test_buy_coffee(self): sel = self.selenium sel.open('/') sel.window_maximize() search_screen=SearchScreen(self.selenium) search_screen.choose('lavazza') payment_screen=PaymentScreen(self.selenium) payment_screen.fill_test_data() summary_screen=SummaryScreen(selenium) summary_screen.accept() def tearDown(self): self.selenium.stop() self.assertEqual([], self.verificationErrors) if __name__ == "__main__": unittest.main() It's example SearchScreen module: class SearchScreen: def __init__(self,selenium): self.selenium=selenium def search(self): self.selenium.click('css=button.search') I want to know if there is anything ok with a design of those classes?

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