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  • apache renew ssl not working [on hold]

    - by Varun S
    Downloaded a new ssl cert from go daddy and installed the cert on apache2 server put the cert in /etc/ssl/certs/ folder put the gd_bundle.crt in the /etc/ssl/ folder private key is in /etc/ssl/private/private.key I just replaced the original files with the new files, did not replace the private key. I restarted the server but the website is still showing old certificated date. What am I doing wrong and how do i resolve it ? my httpd.conf file is empty, the certificated config is in the sites-enabled/default-ssl file the server is apache2 running ubuntu 14.04 os SSLEngine on # A self-signed (snakeoil) certificate can be created by installing # the ssl-cert package. See # /usr/share/doc/apache2.2-common/README.Debian.gz for more info. # If both key and certificate are stored in the same file, only the # SSLCertificateFile directive is needed. SSLCertificateFile /etc/ssl/certs/2b1f6d308c2f9b.crt SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/ssl/private/private.key # Server Certificate Chain: # Point SSLCertificateChainFile at a file containing the # concatenation of PEM encoded CA certificates which form the # certificate chain for the server certificate. Alternatively # the referenced file can be the same as SSLCertificateFile # when the CA certificates are directly appended to the server # certificate for convinience. SSLCertificateChainFile /etc/ssl/gd_bundle.crt -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1944 Aug 16 06:34 /etc/ssl/certs/2b1f6d308c2f9b.crt -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 3197 Aug 16 06:10 /etc/ssl/gd_bundle.crt -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1679 Oct 3 2013 /etc/ssl/private/private.key /etc/apache2/sites-available/default-ssl: # SSLCertificateFile directive is needed. /etc/apache2/sites-available/default-ssl: SSLCertificateFile /etc/ssl/certs/2b1f6d308c2f9b.crt /etc/apache2/sites-available/default-ssl: SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/ssl/private/private.key /etc/apache2/sites-available/default-ssl: # Point SSLCertificateChainFile at a file containing the /etc/apache2/sites-available/default-ssl: # the referenced file can be the same as SSLCertificateFile /etc/apache2/sites-available/default-ssl: SSLCertificateChainFile /etc/ssl/gd_bundle.crt /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/default-ssl: # SSLCertificateFile directive is needed. /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/default-ssl: SSLCertificateFile /etc/ssl/certs/2b1f6d308c2f9b.crt /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/default-ssl: SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/ssl/private/private.key /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/default-ssl: # Point SSLCertificateChainFile at a file containing the /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/default-ssl: # the referenced file can be the same as SSLCertificateFile /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/default-ssl: SSLCertificateChainFile /etc/ssl/gd_bundle.crt

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  • Set default MySQL connect charset for PHP (in RHEL)?

    - by Martijn Heemels
    We're running a hundred or so legacy PHP websites on an older server which runs Gentoo Linux. When these sites were built latin1 was still the common charset, both in PHP and MySQL. To make sure those older sites used latin1 by default, while still allowing newer sites to use utf8 (our current standard), we set the default connect charset in php.ini: mysql.connect_charset = latin1 mysqli.connect_charset = latin1 pdo_mysql.connect_charset = latin1 Specific more modern sites could override this in their bootstrapping code with: <?php mysql_set_charset("utf8", $dsn ); ...and all was well. Now the server is overloaded and we're no longer with that hoster, so we're moving all these sites to a faster server at our standard hoster, which uses RHEL 5 as their OS of choice. In setting up this new server I discover to my surprise that the *.connect_charset directives are a Gentoo specific patch to PHP, and RHEL's version of PHP doesn't recognize them! Now how do I set PHP to connect to MySQL with the latin1 charset? I thought about setting a default in my.cnf but would prefer not to force every app and client to default to latin1. Our policy is to use utf8, and we'd like to restrict the exception to PHP only. Also, converting every legacy site to properly use utf8 is not doable since many are of the touch 'm and you break 'm kind. We simply don't have the time to go fix them all. How would I set a default mysql/mysqli/pdo_mysql connection charset to latin1 for PHP, while still allowing individual scripts to override this to utf8 with mysql_set_charset()?

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  • Chef: nested data bag data to template file returns "can't convert String into Integer"

    - by Dalho Park
    I'm creating simple test recipe with a template and data bag. What I'm trying to do is creating a config file from data bag that has simple nested information, but I receive error "can't convert String into Integer" Here are my setting file 1) recipe/default.rb data1 = data_bag_item( 'mytest', 'qa' )['test'] data2 = data_bag_item( 'mytest', 'qa' ) template "/opt/env/test.cfg" do source "test.erb" action :create_if_missing mode 0664 owner "root" group "root" variables({ :pepe1 = data1['part.name'], :pepe2 = data2['transport.tcp.ip2'] }) end 2)my data bag named "mytest" $knife data bag show mytest qa id: qa test: part.name: L12 transport.tcp.ip: 111.111.111.111 transport.tcp.port: 9199 transport.tcp.ip2: 222.222.222.222 3)template file test.erb part.name=<%= @pepe1 % transport.tcp.binding=<%= @pepe2 % Error reurns when I run chef-client on my server, [2013-06-24T19:50:38+00:00] DEBUG: filtered backtrace of compile error: /var/chef/cache/cookbooks/config_test/recipes/default.rb:19:in []',/var/chef/cache/cookbooks/config_test/recipes/default.rb:19:inblock in from_file',/var/chef/cache/cookbooks/config_test/recipes/default.rb:12:in from_file' [2013-06-24T19:50:38+00:00] DEBUG: filtered backtrace of compile error: /var/chef/cache/cookbooks/config_test/recipes/default.rb:19:in[]',/var/chef/cache/cookbooks/config_test/recipes/default.rb:19:in block in from_file',/var/chef/cache/cookbooks/config_test/recipes/default.rb:12:infrom_file' [2013-06-24T19:50:38+00:00] DEBUG: backtrace entry for compile error: '/var/chef/cache/cookbooks/config_test/recipes/default.rb:19:in `[]'' [2013-06-24T19:50:38+00:00] DEBUG: Line number of compile error: '19' Recipe Compile Error in /var/chef/cache/cookbooks/config_test/recipes/default.rb TypeError can't convert String into Integer Cookbook Trace: /var/chef/cache/cookbooks/config_test/recipes/default.rb:19:in []' /var/chef/cache/cookbooks/config_test/recipes/default.rb:19:inblock in from_file' /var/chef/cache/cookbooks/config_test/recipes/default.rb:12:in `from_file' Relevant File Content: /var/chef/cache/cookbooks/config_test/recipes/default.rb: 12: template "/opt/env/test.cfg" do 13: source "test.erb" 14: action :create_if_missing 15: mode 0664 16: owner "root" 17: group "root" 18: variables({ 19 :pepe1 = data1['part.name'], 20: :pepe2 = data2['transport.tcp.ip2'] 21: }) 22: end 23: I tried many things and if I comment out "pepe1 = data1['part.name'],", then :pepe2 = data2['transport.tcp.ip2'] works fine. only nested data "part.name" cannot be set to @pepe1. Does anyone knows why I receive the errors? thanks,

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  • Can you make a Windows network default user profile NOT apply to a certain operating system?

    - by Jordan Weinstein
    I would like to create a network Default User account for Windows 7 only. This is on a Windows 2003 domain with servers from Windows 2000 to 2008 R2 and Windows XP on workstation side. We're about to do a full migration to Windows 7 and I'd like to start using the network default user profile functionality as we're not migrating user profiles over. Want everyone to start clean. I followed the simple steps from this page: http://support.microsoft.com/kb/973289 under the heading: "How to turn the default user profile into a network default user profile in Windows 7 and in Windows Server 2008 R2" but the problem is that profile would then apply to a new user\admin logging into a 2008 server. That's no good. Anyone have any ideas on how to limit what actually uses that network profile? I was thinking about setting deny permissions for all my admin\service accounts on that "\\dcserver\netlogon\Default User.v2" folder but then it might be timing out and cause other problems. Haven't tried yet as that seems like a bad way of making this work.

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  • How do I change the default for the "df" command in the Unix terminal from KILOBYTES TO MEGABYTES?

    - by user1656014
    I can't really show the code in Unix, but I can explain it very clearly. In the terminal, when you type "df", you get information on the disk free space all in KILOBYTE units. KILOBYTES is currently set as the default in Unix. My problem is trying to change the default from KILOBYTES to MEGABYTES. After changing of the default, I should be able to type in "df" and all the disk free space should come up in MEGABYTES.

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  • How can I change the default domain in an OTRS installation?

    - by Jamie
    I used a turnkeylinux.org otrs installation and I'm trying to configure the default domain of 'yourhost.example.com'. I tried the following: sed -ri 's/yourhost.example.com/mydomain.com/' /usr/share/otrs/Kernel/Config/Defaults.pm sudo shutdown -r now The next time I logged and tried to create a user, the default domain was still there. How can I change default doamin in an OTRS installation?

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  • Is it possible to use the IE10 App without making Internet Explorer the default browser?

    - by nhinkle
    Windows 8 comes with two versions of Internet Explorer: the normal desktop version, which looks just like IE9, and the Modern UI version, which is a full-screen tablet-style app. By default, links opened in desktop mode open in desktop IE, and links opened in Modern UI apps open in the full-screen app. When you set a new default browser (like Google Chrome, which has a Modern UI mode now), you can no longer access IE10 in the Modern UI at all - the tile disappears from the start screen, and there's no way to manually invoke it. I don't use IE10 much, but I'd like to have access to it in Metro mode, because it's handy for testing things out. I don't want to have IE be my default browser though. Is there any way to get the IE10 "App" to show up without setting IE to be the default browser everywhere?

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  • Can I use @import to import Kod's default style sheet into my own?

    - by Thomas Upton
    I understand that Kod is being actively developed and is prone to drastic changes in any area. I would like to modify some small things (like font face and size or certain colors) while still being able to benefit from any changes or updates to the default Kod stylesheet. I thought that I would be able to @import the default stylesheet into my own to achieve this. This is what ~/.kod/custom.css would look like, @import url("file:///Applications/Kod.app/Contents/Resources/style/default.css"); /* Change the default font face and color. */ body { font-family: Menlo, monospace; color: #efefef; } This stylesheet was set with the following defaults command, per the comments at the top of Kod's default CSS file: defaults write se.hunch.kod style/url ~/.kod/custom.css Unfortunately, this didn't work. When I first tried to reload the style, Kod crashed. It opened fine again, but the @import statement wasn't working, and Kod crashed every time I saved the custom.css file. Am I doing something wrong? Did I write my @import statement wrong? Is that not how @import is supposed to work? Did I miss some sort of documentation or Kod Google Groups post that mentions that Kod explicitly disallows this?

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  • How to set default permissions for automounted FAT drives in Ubuntu 9.10?

    - by piman
    I've got many FAT32 drives that I'd like to mount in Ubuntu such that they have permission mode 700 for directories and 600 for all other files. By default, they have 755 for all files, which is not particularly useful since almost no non-directories should be executable, and it screws up version control repos hosted on the drives. "Back in the day" I would have had the drives listed in /etc/fstab with the umask/dmask I want and there was no such thing as a default. These days, drives automount under their volume names. Which is great, except now I have no idea how to set the default. I have tried changing the /system/storage/default_options/vfat/mount_options gconf key with no apparently effect. It was 077 initially but the mounted drive reflected a default of 022; changing it and re-inserting the drives resulted in the files still having permission bits of 755.

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  • Is there a way to have "default" or "placeholder" values in Excel?

    - by Iszi
    I've got a spreadsheet with cells that I want to be user-editable, but that I also want to have "default" or "placeholder" values in, whenever there is no user-entered data. There's a couple good use cases for this: Prevent formula errors, while providing reasonable assumptions when a user has not entered (or has deleted) their own value. I could use conditional formatting to alert the user to default values, so as to prevent their ignorance of them - they can then make an informed choice as to whether that value is still appropriate or not for the intended calculations. Give a short description of what is intended to be entered in the cell, without having to have a separate "instructions" segment or document. This would also eliminate the need for a nearby "Label" cell, in some cases where it's really not appropriate. To accomplish what I want, I need some formula, script, or other advanced spreadsheet option that will do the following: Show the default value in the cell before user enters data. Allow the default value to be found by any formulas referencing the cell, when there is no user-entered data in that cell. Allow the user to freely (naturally, exactly as they would do with any "normal" cell) overwrite the displayed value with their own value or formula, and have the user-entered data found by any formulas referencing the cell. When cell is blanked by deletion of user input, revert to default value. Is there a way to do this in Excel, or am I asking too much of a spreadsheet program here?

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  • How do I set Windows 7 as default OS but retain Windows 8 Boot screen?

    - by PJC
    I am dual-booting between Windows 7 and Windows 8 on a test workstation, and typically reboot 3-4 times per day. If I set Windows 8 as the default OS, I get the Windows 8 graphical boot screen, which is easy to 'see' during the boot process, but if I set Windows 7 as the default OS, I only get the Windows 7 text-mode boot screen. While I mostly want Windows 7 (at the moment), on the occasions I restart to get to Windows 8, I often 'miss' seeing the text-only boot and have to restart twice. Is it possible to (and if so, how do I) configure this such that Windows 7 is the default OS, but still having the Windows 8 boot screen appear? Edit: Just so you guys know, I've tried setting Windows 7 as the default both from the Windows 8 Boot screen itself, and from within Windows 8 -- neither of these have the desired effect.

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  • How to set the default command prompt properties in Windows 7?

    - by Tom
    I have a command prompt shortcut which I customized to have a different font, etc. than the default. It works well, but when I start a batch file with the task scheduler then it uses the default command prompt settings to display batch progress. How can I customize the default command prompt which the system uses to have the same settings as my customized shortcut?

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  • Is it necessary to change the default users and groups in VMware esxi 4.0 in order to have a secure

    - by Teevus
    By default esxi creates a number of users and groups including: daemon nfsnobody root nobody vimuser dcui How secure is this default security setup? Besides changing the root password, is it advisable to modify the default users and groups? E.g. does esxi use default passwords for the accounts or anything else that could be exploited by malicious users? My scenario is very basic and I don't require any custom users or groups as only sysadmins will ever need to administer the virtual infrastructure, and they can do so using the root account. Thanks

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  • Is there a way to make IE7 default to ms-image-mode:bicubic?

    - by Mark Ransom
    Internet Explorer 7 uses a rather crude method to resize images by default. There's a CSS tag img { -ms-interpolation-mode: bicubic; } to get better results, but I'm unable to change the source of the page. IE8 uses the better method as the default, but this is a corporate environment that is unable to upgrade at this moment. Is there anything in the options or a registry hack to change the default resizing mode in IE7?

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  • How do I prevent skype from starting another instance when it's already running?

    - by con-f-use
    Just a little unnecessary annoyance to fix here: Suppose you have Skype for Ubuntu running. You accidentally click on the launcher again. The way it is now, Skype starts a second instance, which promptly tells you it can't log in. There is another instance already running. To make things worse: On the next regular start of Skype it you will have to re-enter your saved password, due to the "Sign in failure". I thought this would be fixed soon but neither Canonical nor Microsoft care enough. The annoyance continues to exist for the last three updates at least. So in an approach to provide a workaround I will post what I've done to prevent this behaviour. Maybe it's useful for some of you. Maybe it will rise awareness and cause a fix. I'm happy for any better solution btw. and that's the real purpose of my question. Usually I don't answer them myself. So doesn anyone know of a better solution to fix dual instancing of Skype?

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  • Should one generally develop a client library for REST services to help prevent API breakages?

    - by BestPractices
    We have a project where UI code will be developed by the same team but in a different language (Python/Django) from the services layer (REST/Java). The code for each layer exits in different code repositories and which can follow different release cycles. I'm trying to come up with a process that will prevent/reduce breaking changes in the services layer from the perspective of the UI layer. I've thought to write integration tests at the UI layer level that we'll run whenever we build the UI or the services layer (we're using Jenkins as our CI tool to build the code which is in two Git repos) and if there are failures then something in the services layer broke and the commit is not accepted. Would it also be a good idea (is it a best practice?) to have the developer of the services layer create and maintain a client library for the REST service that exists in the UI layer that they will update whenever there is a breaking change in their Service API? Conceivably, we would then have the advantage of a statically-typed API that the UI code builds against. If the client library API changes, then the UI code won't compile (so we'll know sooner that there was a breaking change). I'd also still run the integration tests upon building the UI or services layer to further validate that the integration between UI and the service(s) still works.

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  • Prevent mail flagged as spam when switching mail servers (new SPF records)?

    - by Jakobud
    For our business, we send out a significant amount of newsletter alerts to customers that sign up for it on our website. We used to send this mail directly from our web server via PHP. But because the web server limited us to the number of emails we could send per day, we purchased a VM server at a different host (that doesn't throttle email) and we are going to use that account solely for sending out the emails. Anyways, now that the SPF records are going to be different from what they used to be and the source mail server is different, what steps need to be taken to prevent these emails being flagged as spam? I know in Gmail, it's pretty smart about determining if the person actually sending the email is sending it from the server it expects (for flagging Phishing emails, etc). We don't want that to happen to our emails. Just sending a couple test emails out, Gmail's shows the SPF record saying: Authentication-Results: mx.google.com; spf=neutral (google.com: XXX.XXX.23.176 is neither permitted nor denied by best guess record for domain of [email protected]) [email protected] So is there anything we need to do with regards to SPF records as we move forward?

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  • How to analyze a scenario where a bug didn't get caught and adjust development workflow to prevent similar errors

    - by durron597
    I had a bug that was really difficult to track down, because all the unit tests were green, but the production application didn't work properly. Here's what happened: I had a filter class that set my application to ignore data that was not in some specified time windows. The unit test, which seemed thorough to me, turned green. Additionally, my integration tests also produced results as expected. Production, however, did not work. As a result of the first two bullets, this problem was very difficult to find. It turned out the problem was that my test dates were using my time zone (America/Chicago) but the production data was providing dates in UTC, which I did not realize, and the logic for the filter wasn't correct for UTC dates. (I was using joda time DateTime objects). Where did my workflow break down? Did I fail to produce a spec that specified that the logic needed to handle dates in any time zone? Did I fail to thoroughly consider all cases at the unit test level? Did I fail to insure the integration test was sufficiently similar to production? Other? What changes can I make to my workflow to better prevent this sort of mistake in the future? How can I more effectively debug a problem when there is an issue in production but not in testing?

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  • How do I prevent my filesystems from being mounted read-only after suspending?

    - by Chas. Owens
    I have Ubuntu 12.04 installed on an SDHC card (only one ext2 partition, no swap). When I suspend using pm-suspend, my root filesystem is mounted read-only. I am currently "fixing" this with the following file: /etc/pm/sleep.d/99_make_disk_rw: #!/bin/sh mount -o remount,rw / But the disk is marked as needing an fsck on reboot. How can I prevent the filesystem from being mounted read-only or whatever is going wrong here. Update: It looks like it is getting mounted read-only because an error occurred. I have changed the mount options for / in /etc/fstab to noatime,nodiratime,errors=continue and it no longer mounts the SDHC card as read-only after it resumes. So the problem is happening when it suspends, not when it resumes as I had thought. I checked /sys/bus/usb/devices/1-4/power/persist and it is set to 1. So the SDHC card shouldn't appear disconnected to the OS (or more accurately it should recover from the disconnection without error). Here seems to be the relevant section of the syslog Sep 10 10:34:23 iubit kernel: [ 748.246226] sd 4:0:0:0: [sdb] Media Changed Sep 10 10:34:23 iubit kernel: [ 748.246234] sd 4:0:0:0: [sdb] Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE Sep 10 10:34:23 iubit kernel: [ 748.246243] sd 4:0:0:0: [sdb] Sense Key : Unit Attention [current] Sep 10 10:34:23 iubit kernel: [ 748.246253] Info fld=0x0 Sep 10 10:34:23 iubit kernel: [ 748.246258] sd 4:0:0:0: [sdb] Add. Sense: Not ready to ready change, medium may have changed Sep 10 10:34:23 iubit kernel: [ 748.246271] sd 4:0:0:0: [sdb] CDB: Read(10): 28 00 00 5d 3e f0 00 00 08 00 Sep 10 10:34:23 iubit kernel: [ 748.246291] end_request: I/O error, dev sdb, sector 6110960 Sep 10 10:34:23 iubit kernel: [ 748.247027] EXT2-fs (sdb1): error: ext2_fsync: detected IO error when writing metadata buffers Sep 10 10:34:23 iubit anacron[6954]: Anacron 2.3 started on 2012-09-10 Sep 10 10:34:23 iubit anacron[6954]: Normal exit (0 jobs run) Sep 10 10:34:24 iubit laptop-mode: Laptop mode Sep 10 10:34:24 iubit laptop-mode: enabled, not active Sep 10 10:34:24 iubit kernel: [ 749.055376] sd 4:0:0:0: [sdb] No Caching mode page present Sep 10 10:34:24 iubit kernel: [ 749.055387] sd 4:0:0:0: [sdb] Assuming drive cache: write through Sep 10 10:34:25 iubit anacron[7555]: Anacron 2.3 started on 2012-09-10 Sep 10 10:34:25 iubit anacron[7555]: Normal exit (0 jobs run) Sep 10 10:34:31 iubit kernel: [ 756.090861] EXT2-fs (sdb1): previous I/O error to superblock detected

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  • How do I prevent other dynamic bodies from affecting the player's velocity with Box2D?

    - by Milo
    I'm working on my player object for my game. PhysicsBodyDef def; def.fixedRotation = true; def.density = 1.0f; def.position = Vec2(200.0f, 200.0f); def.isDynamic = true; def.size = Vec2(50.0f,200.0f); m_player.init(def,&m_physicsEngine.getWorld()); This is how he moves: b2Vec2 vel = getBody()->GetLinearVelocity(); float desiredVel = 0; if (m_keys[ALLEGRO_KEY_A] || m_keys[ALLEGRO_KEY_LEFT]) { desiredVel = -5; } else if (m_keys[ALLEGRO_KEY_D] || m_keys[ALLEGRO_KEY_RIGHT]) { desiredVel = 5; } else { desiredVel = 0; } float velChange = desiredVel - vel.x; float impulse = getBody()->GetMass() * velChange; //disregard time factor getBody()->ApplyLinearImpulse( b2Vec2(impulse,0), getBody()->GetWorldCenter(),true); This creates a few problems. First, to move the player at a constant speed he must be given a high velocity. The problem with this is if he just comes in contact with a small box, he makes it move a lot. Now, I can fix this by lowering his density, but then comes my main issue: I need other objects to be able to run into him, but when they do, he should be like a static wall and not move. I'm not sure how to do that without high density. I cannot use collision groups since I still need him to be solid toward other dynamic things. How can this be done? Essentially, how do I prevent other dynamic bodies from affecting the player's velocity?

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  • Massive 404 attack with non existent URLs. How to prevent this?

    - by tattvamasi
    The problem is a whole load of 404 errors, as reported by Google Webmaster Tools, with pages and queries that have never been there. One of them is viewtopic.php, and I've also noticed a scary number of attempts to check if the site is a WordPress site (wp_admin) and for the cPanel login. I block TRACE already, and the server is equipped with some defense against scanning/hacking. However, this doesn't seem to stop. The referrer is, according to Google Webmaster, totally.me. I have looked for a solution to stop this, because it isn't certainly good for the poor real actual users, let alone the SEO concerns. I am using the Perishable Press mini black list (found here), a standard referrer blocker (for porn, herbal, casino sites), and even some software to protect the site (XSS blocking, SQL injection, etc). The server is using other measures as well, so one would assume that the site is safe (hopefully), but it isn't ending. Does anybody else have the same problem, or am I the only one seeing this? Is it what I think, i.e., some sort of attack? Is there a way to fix it, or better, prevent this useless resource waste? EDIT I've never used the question to thank for the answers, and hope this can be done. Thank you all for your insightful replies, which helped me to find my way out of this. I have followed everyone's suggestions and implemented the following: a honeypot a script that listens to suspect urls in the 404 page and sends me an email with user agent/ip, while returning a standard 404 header a script that rewards legitimate users, in the same 404 custom page, in case they end up clicking on one of those urls. In less than 24 hours I have been able to isolate some suspect IPs, all listed in Spamhaus. All the IPs logged so far belong to spam VPS hosting companies. Thank you all again, I would have accepted all answers if I could.

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  • is a factory pattern to prevent multuple instances for same object (instance that is Equal) good design?

    - by dsollen
    I have a number of objects storing state. There are essentially two types of fields. The ones that uniquly define what the object is (what node, what edge etc), and the oens that store state describing how these things are connected (this node is connected to these edges, this edge is part of these paths) etc. My model is updating the state variables using package methdos, so these objects all act as immutable to anyone not in Model scope. All Objects extend one base type. I've toyed with the idea of a Factory approch which accepts a Builder object and construct the applicable object. However, if an instance of the object already exists (ie would return true if I created the object defined by the builder and passed it to the equal method for the existing instance) the factory returns the current object instead of creating a new instance. Because the Equal method would only compare what uniquly defines the type of object (this is node A nto node B) but won't check the dynamic state stuff (node A is currently connected to nodes C and E) this would be a way of ensuring anyone that wants my Node A automatically knows it's state connections. More importantly it would prevent aliasing nightmares of someone trying to pass an instance of node A with different state then the node A in my model has. I've never heard of this pattern before, and it's a bit odd. I would have to do some overiding of serlization methods to make it work (ensure when I read in a serilized object I add it to my facotry list of known instances, and/or return an existing factory in it's place), as well as using a weakHashMap as if it was a weakHashSet to know rather an instance exists without worrying about a quasi-memory leak occuring. I don't know if this is too confusing or prone to it's own obscure bugs. One thing I know is that plugins interface with lowest level hardware. The plugins have to be able to return state taht is different then my memory; to tell my memory when it's own state is inconsistent. I believe this is possible despit their fetching objects that exist in my memory; we allow building of objects without checking their consistency with the model until the addToModel is called anyways; and the existing plugins design was written before all this extra state existed and worked fine without ever being aware of it. Should I just be using some other design to avoid this crazyness? (I have another question to that affect I'm posting).

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