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• Iptables - Open Port Only for one Server IP (allow connections from a specific range)

  - by user1015314

  My server has multiple IPs, 1.1.1.1 1.1.1.2 and i have a service which listens to a port e.g. 88 Now i want, when somebody from outside, wants to connect to the port, that he can only connect, to that port, if he connects to the ip 1.1.1.2:88 but if he tries to connect to 1.1.1.1:88 it should not react and it should look like that it dont exists and drops all connections. Ok, than i need for 1.1.1.2:88 that only allows a specific ip range outside connecters. for example only 9.*.*.* can connect to that port and ip. I'm using Centos. Thank you for your help.

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• SVN + Active Directory

  - by rudigrobler

  How do I setup SVN (On a linux box - Centos 5.2) to authenticate using Active Directory? Also: Any tips or tricks? What should I watch out for? How fine grain can I set the access? This group have access to these projects, etc? And how does this work if I use something like tortoissvn to access my repository? What I have learned so far: you need the following modules installed for apache mod_ldap mod_authnz_ldap mod_dav mod_dav_svn mod_authz_svn?

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• Started an application through SSH, command line now gone, what happens next?

  - by Chris Dutrow

  Context: This is a very basic question Using Putty and SSH for the first time to do some serious server setup and run into the situation where I have started a process that I do not want to stop. The process is the gunicorn WSGI HTTP Server (running on Centos 6.3). The command I used to start the process is (as per their Quick Start): gunicorn -w 4 myapp:app At this point in the work session, I have lost the command prompt. This must be such a non-issue that it doesn't even enter into an experienced user's consciousness. But unfortunately at my level of experience, I am left with several fundamental questions: Does the fact that I have lost the command prompt mean that the process is still running? How do I get back to the command prompt without killing the process? How do I come back and monitor the process later? How do I eventually kill the process? Any help is appreciated, thanks so much!

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• OpenVPN and Squid Setup troubleshooting

  - by Adam

  I am trying to setup squid to tunnel via openvpn so that I can just enter an Ip and port in my browser settings and use it as a US proxy. My server is a OpenVZ VM. Running into some issues: I setup openvpn using : http://safesrv.net/install-openvpn-on-centos/ as part of that guide I also ran: iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o venet0 -j SNAT --to-source iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s 10.8.0.0/24 -j SNAT --to-source Installed squid using this guide: http://www.server-world.info/en/note?os=CentOS_6&p=squid from that guide changed acl lan src 10.0.0.0/24 to acl lan src 10.8.0.0/24 Next, I went to my browser proxy settings and put - 10.8.0.1 in the HTTP field. Put the port I had setup in the squid config file and tried to load a page. Nothing connecting. Any help? What am I doing wrong?

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• SVN Checkout error on large repositories

  - by Brian Mitchell

  I wonder if anyone can help me. We have recently migrated our Subversion repository from a VisualSVN Server on Windows to a subversion server on CentOS. The migration was succesfull however we are getting the following error message Error REPORT of svn'/svn/MangoRepository/!svn/vcc/default': Could not read chunk size: Error connection was closed by server (http://servername) Now the workaround for this is simply to perform a update on the repo and it will contine where is left off. Im just wondering if anyone was a permanent fix for this as it can be quite frustrating to repeat my self to 60-70 developers.

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• Grep /var/log for hacker/script kiddy activity and e-mail?

  - by Jason

  CentOS 6 Apache Server version: Apache/2.2.15 (Unix) Thinking about how to automatically, once a day, grep all the logs in /var/log/httpd for hacker, phishing, etc activity and e-mail it to myself so I can evaluate what I might need to do. But what are the patterns I can look for? IE, we dont run Wordpress and we see a lot of attempts to access Wordpress related content, obviously for an exploit. Same with PHPMyAdmin. I could do something like repeatedly, matching common patterns we see. # grep -r -i wp-content /var/log/httpd/ # grep -r -i php-my-admin /var/log/httpd/ How do I e-mail myself this the results of each grep command or better yet all Grep results in a single e-mail?

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• Web-Server directory permissions

  - by MLS

  Hello All, I would like some help understanding web-server directory permissions. Apache, CentOS, PHP, Mysql Example, I have multiple sites in /var/www/html They are in paths like: /var/www/html/www_domainname_com inside each site I might have a path like /lib/mysql/ like PHP connect stuff, database config, etc. What should me permissions be so that someone cannot just browse to that directory? Should I just .htaccess them? I have apache:apache as the owner of all my web directories. Can I prevent someone from crawling certain directories of my web-server? I have a robots.txt, but what is to say the crawler obeys it? So to sum up: 1. What is the best owner/permission set for my sensitive files that the web-server or php or mysql needs, but I dont want people browsing to? Can I prevent straight out crawling of portions?

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• Where to export a truly global environment variable?

  - by Socio

  I want to set an environment variable that will be visible to all processes launched by Upstart. This is on a CentOS system, but I presume the same applies to Ubuntu given that they both use Upstart. Somewhere in /etc/init/ perhaps? Note that adding it in /etc/profile.d only applies to login shells. I want all processes (e.g cron, rc.local, etc) to see it. Obviously I'd prefer not to edit existing sys config files if it can be avoided.

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• EC2 Image to start

  - by HD.

  I'm starting to test EC2 for a couple of new projects. I need to choose an AMI (Amazon Machine Image) and Amazon offered me as first option Fedora Core 8, which is a very old version of one of my favorites distributions. There is a lot of choices, but it's not clear for me which one is the better option. I have my own reasons in order to choice a distro and a version when I need to install a new server but I don't know If I can apply the same for EC2. I know there is a beta for RHEL, how stable is this beta?, How can I choose between all the CentOS AMIs in the list? So this is my question: Do you recommend an AMI to start with EC2? Thanks

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• force installation of cPanel VPS optimized

  - by Anoosh Ravan

  I have a dedicated server which I have virtualized with ESXi 5.0 . In the VPS ( CentOS 5.7 64 bit ) when I do install cPanel with the help of the documentation, it always installs the Accelerated 2 edition, which I have learnt is meant for dedicated server not VPS es. I want to install the VPS optimized edition. Can anyone help me how to force installation of cPanel VPS Optimized on the VPS? How does cPanel detect if it should install as Acc. or VPSO. ? Do I have to install ESXi 5.0 tools into the VPS in order to achieve this? Thanks!

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• Where are incoming messages queued/stored when sendmail is communicating with a milter?

  - by Mike B

  CentOS 5.x | SendMail I'd like to better understand how milter hand-offs work. We a remote MTA initiates an SMTP session, my understanding is that Sendmail hands the message data off to the milter during that session. Where/how is this message data stored? Is this all done in memory? Or is there a "queue" area where message data for milter is stored for pickup by the milter? If it helps, let's say I'm calling a milter like this: INPUT_MAIL_FILTER(`foo', `S=unix:/var/lib/foo/foo.sock, F=T, T=C:5m;S:3m;R:5m;E:5m')dnl

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• mysql wont stop, mysqld_safe appeared in top

  - by power4

  my server (CentOS) contains lots of website, which collect data from lots of sources with cron. the mysql config is the default recently, PHP failed to communicate with mysql. Firstly I just restart the server but after restarted, PHP still failed to communicate with mysql I've tried: ps ax | grep mysql Then run: kill -9 #### (I've also tried killall -9 ####) - this failed, ps ax | grep mysql showing the killed process id is still there service mysqld start (I've also tried /etc/init.d/mysqld start) - I got reply Timeout error occurred trying to start MySQL Daemon. when run top, mysqld_safe is appeared on top with about 50% of CPU usage. I dont know the size of all the database. I really confused

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• Shrink NTFS Partition Windows 2003

  - by Coops

  We have an iSCSI target provided by a CentOS server attached to a Windows Server 2003 Standard box, formatted in NTFS. My question is this - I know we can resize the backend block device fine (LVM et al.), however how do you tell Windows the NTFS filesystem has shrunk afterwards? [note we want to shrink]. I'm imagining a world of pain if it's not done correctly! This is a production box, so ideally we'd like the process to keep the drive mounted and online during the process, but downtime can be scheduled if need be. 90% of what I've found on the subject so far basically involves using the 'ntfsresize' command in Linux to do the job -- but surely Windows can do this itself? Cheers!

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• Software Raid1 with Trim

  - by Penetal

  I have two Crucial C300 SSD disks that I would like to use as my OS disks in my new home server. I have read around a little and some places say that TRIM is simply not supported on any raid config, hw or sw. Then on some other sites I have seen that new support have come for SW raid via LVM somehow, and this is what I'm curious to know about. Can I get Raid 1 and still have TRIM enabled on SW raid by abstracting it with LVM or in any other way? I will most likely be using either Debian or CentOS.

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• High system cpu load (%sys), system locks

  - by Mark

  For the last two weeks we are having intermittent severe spikes in system cpu usage (shown as %sys), which last for maybe half a minute, locking most processes, including ssh. I've been trying to figure this out, but atop doesn't show anything relevant (system usage for processes it shows is insignificant), spikes are intermittent and I could not reproduce the spike using any workload for the web application this webserver hosts. If you have any ideas on how to debug high %sys and (sometimes) %si CPU usage, please share them. System specs (don't know if any of this is relevant): Dedicated server, CentOS 6, core i7 950, consistent 4 to 8 GB RAM free at any time, hard drives are in RAID-1. Additional info: dmesg output doesn't change between spikes /var/log/messages doesn't change between spikes Here is cat /proc/vmstat Here is output of mpstat 1 during a typical spike Add 07.11.11: looks like simple reboot restored system state, and we might never know what caused the disturbance in first place.

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• Iptables to lock down compromised server to a single ip

  - by ollybee

  I have a Linux server which is compromised, I can see nasty looking perl scripts executing with root privileges. I want to get some data off it before I wipe it. How can I block all inbound and outbound traffic except for my ip? It's a Centos server I assume i can do this with iptables? I'm aware a the server is rooted there is a possibility that attackers could have made changes on the server that would prevent this from working. Ill be testing to make sure and only have the server online for a couple of hours before it is nuked.

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• NFSv4 with idmap

  - by HTF

  The following errors appear on the NFS server, could you please advise how I can fix this? Details: System: CentOS release 6.4, NFS: nfs-utils-1.2.3-36 # cat /etc/idmapd.conf [General] Domain = domain.com [Mapping] Nobody-User = nobody Nobody-Group = nobody [Translation] Method = nsswitch Sep 3 08:25:28 snode1 rpc.idmapd[1382]: nss_getpwnam: name '0' does not map into domain 'domain.com' Sep 3 08:25:29 snode1 rpc.idmapd[1382]: nss_getpwnam: name '500' does not map into domain 'domain.com' EDIT: 03 Sep 2013 10:41 Please note that I'm using NFSv4 and these errors appear on NFS server only (not NFS clients). Server: # cat /etc/sysconfig/nfs MOUNTD_NFS_V2="no" MOUNTD_NFS_V3="no" ... RPCNFSDARGS="-N 2 -N 3" Clients: # cat /etc/fstab server:/ /data nfs4 defaults,hard,intr,timeo=15,_netdev,noatime,nodiratime,nosuid 0 0

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• Need data on disk drive management by OS: getting base I/O unit size, “sync” option, Direct Memory A

  - by Richard T

  Hello All, I want to ensure I have done all I can to configure a system's disks for serious database use. The three areas I know of (any others?) to be concerned about are: I/O size: the database engine and disk's native size should either match, or the database's native I/O size should be a multiple of the disk's native I/O size. Disks that are capable of Direct Memory Access (eg. IDE) should be configured for it. When a disk says it has written data persistently, it must be so! No keeping it in cache and lying about it. I have been looking for information on how to ensure these are so for CENTOS and Ubuntu, but can't seem to find anything at all! I want to be able to check these things and change them if needed. Any and all input appreciated.

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• Manage Kickstart library with Puppet

  - by Tim Brigham

  I maintain a library of different kickstart configurations, mostly for CentOS 5 and 6. It has recently gotten to the point I want to deduplicate as much of this information as possible. I am aware of a couple options out there which can dynamically generate kickstart files. Not interested at this point unless I really need to do that route. I would like to create my Kickstart files using a template along the following line: deploy1-centos5.erb .... install=http://.../$arch/... repo=http://.../$arch/... .... My output naming schema is "deploy1-centos5-x86_64". I'd like to be able to create several kickstart files from a given template, one for 32 bit, one 64, ppc, etc. This would work perfectly if I could readily set the value of arch per each time the template is called to create a file. What is the most ready way to address this?

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• sticky bit on NFS file system

  - by Kris_R

  I have a system where to the main server (homes, nfs, ntp, queue...) can log-in only root – all the other users use front-end host with NFS-mounted home directories (RW) and all other software directories (read-only). My problem is, that time to time, if root or normal user with sudo makes some administrative works on front-end some homes of normal users getting sticky bits (drwsr-sr-x). If it happens usually the user can't log-in (as long as permission for his home are not changed to drwxr-xr-x). The last time I saw it after compiling some new software (normal user configure;make) and installation from the same directory as root (su and make install or direct as normal user sudo make install). Can somebody explain me why it happens and what should I do to get rid of this problem? p.s. I'm using CentOS 5.7

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• How to remote install Ubuntu on a server?

  - by cedivad

  I actually have a server powered by ubuntu 10.10 with my isp custom raid 5 installation. I want raid 10, than i want to reinstall everything. Actually i have access to SSH to the machine, only. I want to reinstall ubuntu on this machine. How can i do it my own? I've already did it with CentOS and trought VNC i had a view on the grapich installer. It was great. What can i do this time? Thank you a lot!

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• Unix / linux permissions setup for shared hosting with Apache

  - by weiyin

  I'm in the process of setting up a server from a clean CentOS 5 install. What is the best permission structure (users, groups, unix permissions) for running a single instance of apache for multiple users? Ideally, it should satisfy these requirements: Each user's websites are stored in a subdirectory of their home directory. Users can edit files and permissions. Apache can read the websites of all users. No user can read the website files of other users. Bonus question: how to add PHP and/or Perl and/or Ruby to Apache without allowing any users to access any other user's files?

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• Extract X11 configuration information from running instance.

  - by kasterma

  Since I had a hard disk die on me, I figured I could easily try some other OS (I usually run Ubuntu). Turns out that Ubuntu flawlessly recognizes my video card and monitor (X11 works right out of the box), and none of the other systems I tried gets anything working (I tried CentOS and FreeBSD). In my now working version of Ubuntu I cannot find a configuration file with information I could try to use with one of the other versions, which makes me guess that it just detects the hardware every time. Can I extract its choice for drivers and configuration options somehow (so I can try these same options in the other systems)?

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• What is an Automated way to Access a Virtual Machine's Webserver from its Host Machine? [closed]

  - by Jonnybojangles

  As a Web-Developer what is the most efficient (automated) way to connect to a Virtual Machine (VM) running a development webserver from it’s Host Machine (the machine running the VM) when you do not have control over the networks (home, Startbucks, work, etc) you are connected to? Currently I start my VM (a VirtualBox VM running CentOS), run ifconfig to determine the VM’s current IP. I then take that IP and map it my Host machine’s host file so that I can access the VM’s webserver from the Host. I feel that this is not an efficient way to connect to my VM’s webserver because each time I connect to a new network (a few times a day) I need to repeat the IP look up and host file update, and sometimes restart the VM's network service.

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• Dropping Cached Memory on FreeBSD

  - by user1066698

  i use FreeNAS server which is built on OS version FreeBSD 8.2-RELEASE-p6. I use ZFS file system with 13TB HDD on my 8GB physical ram installed box. It almost uses all of RAM installed while proccessing some request. However, it still uses same amount of memory on idle times. So this is becoming a problem sometimes. On my centos web server; i use following command to drop cached memory with a cronjob; sync; echo 3 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches However, this command does not work on my Freenas server. How can i drop cached memory on my FreeNAS box which is built on FreeBSD 8.2 Thank you

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