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• Load JSON in Python as header chracterset

  - by mridang

  Hi everyone, I've always found character-sets and encodings complicated to understand and here I'm faced with another problem. My apologies for any inaccuracies. I'll do my best. I'm requesting data from a server which returns JSON. In the HTTP headers it also returns the character.set like so: Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8 I'm using the JSON library in python to load the JSON using the json.loads method. When I pass it the returned JSON, it gives me a dictionary in Unicode. I've Googled around and I know that JSON should return Unicode as JavaScript strings are Unicode objects. How can I load the JSON as UTF-8. I would like to use the same encoding as specified in the response header. I've read this post but it didn't help. Thank you.

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• Simulating C-style for loops in python

  - by YGA

  (even the title of this is going to cause flames, I realize) Python made the deliberate design choice to have the for loop use explicit iterables, with the benefit of considerably simplified code in most cases. However, sometimes it is quite a pain to construct an iterable if your test case and update function are complicated, and so I find myself writing the following while loops: val = START_VAL while <awkward/complicated test case>: # do stuff ... val = <awkward/complicated update> The problem with this is that the update is at the bottom of the while block, meaning that if I want to have a continue embedded somewhere in it I have to: use duplicate code for the complicated/awkard update, AND run the risk of forgetting it and having my code infinite loop I could go the route of hand-rolling a complicated iterator: def complicated_iterator(val): while <awkward/complicated test case>: yeild val val = <awkward/complicated update> for val in complicated_iterator(start_val): if <random check>: continue # no issues here # do stuff This strikes me as waaaaay too verbose and complicated. Do folks in stack overflow have a simpler suggestion?

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• Testing with Unittest Python

  - by chrissygormley

  Hello, I am runninig test's with Python Unittest. I am running tests but I want to do negative testing and I would like to test if a function throw's an exception, it passes but if no exception is thrown the test fail's. The script I have is: try: result = self.client.service.GetStreamUri(self.stream, self.token) self.assertFalse except suds.WebFault, e: self.assertTrue else: self.assertTrue This alway's passes as True even when the function work's perfectly. I have also tried various other way's including: try: result = self.client.service.GetStreamUri(self.stream, self.token) self.assertFalse except suds.WebFault, e: self.assertTrue except Exception, e: self.assertTrue Does anyone have any suggestions? Thanks

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• Python command line UI

  - by hdx

  Hey guys/gals I'm writing a python script that fixes some duplicate issues on my database. I would like to display some progress status to the users, currently I just print it like this: print "Merged " + str(idx) + " out of " + str(totalCount); The problem is that it prints that in a new line for every record and that does not look so good :) I'd like to either always print the string above on the same line on the screen or use some smart widget that displays it in some sort of progress bar. I intent to run this on the command line, any suggestions will be much appreciated.

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• Instantiating a python class in C#

  - by Jekke

  I've written a class in python that I want to wrap into a .net assembly via IronPython and instantiate in a C# application. I've migrated the class to IronPython, created a library assembly and referenced it. Now, how do I actually get an instance of that class? The class looks (partially) like this: class PokerCard: "A card for playing poker, immutable and unique." def __init__(self, cardName): The test stub I wrote in C# is: using System; namespace pokerapp { class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { var card = new PokerCard(); // I also tried new PokerCard("Ah") Console.WriteLine(card.ToString()); Console.ReadLine(); } } } What do I have to do in order to instantiate this class in C#?

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• How to use OpenCV in Python?

  - by Roman

  I have just installed OpenCV on my Windows 7 machine. As a result I get a new directory: C:\OpenCV2.2\Python2.7\Lib\site-packages In this directory I have two files: cv.lib and cv.pyd. Then I try to use the opencv from Python. I do the following: import sys sys.path.append('C:\OpenCV2.2\Python2.7\Lib\site-packages') import cv As a result I get the following error message: File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module> ImportError: DLL load failed: The specified module could not be found. What am I doing wrong? ADDED As it was recommended here, I have copied content of C:\OpenCV2.0\Python2.6\Lib\site-packages to the C:\Python26\Lib\site-packages. It did not help.

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• Parsing files with python

  - by iHeartDucks

  My input file is going to be something like this key "value" key "value" ... the above lines repeat What I do is read the file contents, populate an object with the data and return it. There are only a set number of keys that can be present in the file. Since I am a beginner in python, I feel that my code to read the file is not that good My code is something like this ObjInstance = CustomClass() fields = ['key1', 'key2', 'key3'] for field in fields: for line in f: if line.find(field) >= 0: if pgn_field == 'key1': objInstance.DataOne = get_value_using_re(line) elif pgn_field == 'key2': objInstance.DataTwo = get_value_using_re(line) return objInstance; The function "get_value_using_re" is very simple, it looks for a string in between the double quotes and returns it. I fear that I will have multiple if elif statements and I don't know if this is the right way or not. Am I doing the right thing here?

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• python - sys.argv and flag identification

  - by tekknolagi

  when I accept arguments how do I check if two show up at the same time without having a compound conditional i.e. #!/usr/bin/python import random, string import mymodule import sys z = ' '.join(sys.argv[2:]) q = ''.join(sys.argv[3:]) a = ''.join(sys.argv[2:]) s = ' '.join(sys.argv[1:]) flags = sys.argv[1:5] commands = [["-r", "reverse string passed next with no quotes needed."], ["-j", "joins arguments passed into string. no quotes needed."], ["--palindrome", "tests whether arguments passed are palindrome or not. collective."],["--rand","passes random string of 10 digits/letters"]] try: if "-r" in flags: if "-j" in flags: print mymodule.reverse(q) if not "-j" in flags: print mymodule.reverse(z) if "-j" in flags: if not "-r" in flags: print a if "--palindrome" in flags: mymodule.ispalindrome(z) if (not "-r" or not "-j" or not "--palindrome") in flags: mymodule.say(s) if "--rand" in flags: print(''.join([random.choice(string.ascii_letters+"123456789") for f in range(10)])) if not sys.argv[1]: print mymodule.no_arg_error if "--help" in flags: print commands except: print mymodule.no_arg_error i just want to be able to say if "-r" and "-j" in flags in no particular order: do whatever

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• List of IP addresses/hostnames from local network in Python

  - by joshhunt

  How can I get a list of the IP addresses or host names from a local network easily in Python? It would be best if it was multi-platform, but it needs to work on Mac OS X first, then others follow. Edit: By local I mean all active addresses within a local network, such as 192.168.xxx.xxx. So, if the IP address of my computer (within the local network) is 192.168.1.1, and I have three other connected computers, I would want it to return the IP addresses 192.168.1.2, 192.168.1.3, 192.168.1.4, and possibly their hostnames.

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• float change from python 3.0.1 to 3.1.2

  - by Jeremy

  Im trying to learn python. I am using 3.1.2 and the o'reilly book is using 3.0.1 here is my code import urllib.request price = (99.99) while price 4.74: page = urllib.request.urlopen ("http://www.beans-r-us.biz/prices-loyalty.html") text = page.read().decode("utf8") where = text.find('>$') start_of_price = where + 2 end_of_price = start_of_price + 6 price = float(text[start_of_price:end_of_price]) print ("Buy!") - here is my error Traceback (most recent call last): File "/Users/odin/Desktop/Coffe.py", line 14, in price = float(text[start_of_price:end_of_price]) ValueError: invalid literal for float(): 4.59 what is wrong? please help!!

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• Python list as *args?

  - by Cap

  I have two Python functions, both of which take variable arguments in their function definitions. To give a simple example: def func1(*args): for arg in args: print arg def func2(*args): return [2 * arg for arg in args] I'd like to compose them -- as in func1(func2(3, 4, 5)) -- but I don't want args in func1 to be ([6, 7, 8],), I want it to be (6, 7, 8), as if it was called as func1(6, 7, 8) rather than func1([6, 7, 8]). Normally, I would just use func1(*func2(3, 4, 5)) or have func1 check to see if args[0] was a list. Unfortunately, I can't use the first solution in this particular instance and to apply the second would require doing such a check in many places (there are a lot of functions in the role of func1). Does anybody have an idea how to do this? I imagine some sort of introspection could be used, but I could be wrong.

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• Python / Django : emulating a multidimensional layer on a MySQL database

  - by Sébastien Piquemal

  Hi, I'm working on a Django project where I need to provide a lot of different visualizations on the same data (for example average of a value for each month, for each year / for a location, etc...). I have been using an OLAP database once in college, and I thought that it would fit my needs, but it appears that it is much too heavy for what I need. Actually the volume of data is not very big, so I don't need any optimization, just a way to present different visualizations of the same data without having to write 1000 times the same code. So, to recap, I need a python library: to emulate a multidimensional database (OLAP style would be nice because I think it is quite convenient : star structure, and everything) non-intrusive, because I can't modify anything on the existing MySQL database easy-to-use, because otherwise there's no point in replacing some overhead by another.

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• Java's TreeSet equivalent in Python?

  - by viksit

  I recently came across some Java code that simply put some strings into a Java TreeSet, implemented a distance based comparator for it, and then made its merry way into the sunset to compute a given score to solve the given problem. My questions, Is there an equivalent data structure available for Python? The Java treeset looks basically to be an ordered dictionary that can use a comparator of some sort to achieve this ordering. I see there's a PEP for Py3K for an OrderedDict, but I'm using 2.6.x. There are a bunch of ordered dict implementations out there - anyone in particular that can be recommended? Thanks.

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• Python `.pth` files and using relative paths

  - by kRON

  I have a lot of development versions of packages installed with virtualenv under the default /src directory in the environment. Normally, I decided to do the development of my project under the /src directory afterwards. To add my directory to the Python path, I decided to eschew from using any absolute paths, since I'm going to have to move the project around with my friends. It's a Django application, so I was happy with putting environment.pth under the root that contained the path to my project and a wsgi in the same directory would call the sites module to parse environment.pth. All good. I was also looking to move the .pth file into site-packages, but I'm having trouble with relative paths that move up the directory tree. For: /env /lib /site-pacakges /src /myproject So, the .pth entry in site-packages to myproject should look like ../../src/myproject, but this doesn't seem to be working for me on Windows.

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• python: list modules within the package

  - by ak

  I have a package with a few modules, each module has a class (or a few classes) defined within it. I need to get the list of all modules within the package. Is there an API for this in python? Here is the file structure: \pkg\ \pkg\__init__.py \pkg\module1.py -> defines Class1 \pkg\module2.py -> defines Class2 \pkg\module3.py -> defines Class3 and Class31 from within module1 I need to get the list of modules within pkg, and then import all the classes defined in these modules Thanks ak

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• First programming language: PHP, Ruby, Python?

  - by Victor

  I've been a Web developer for over 5 years and am looking to start building more complex Web apps. Currently, I know HTML/CSS/Javascript but I feel it's time to start learning something else. I work with a lot of applications based on PHP. I created a vBulletin forum on my own time and I would definitely want to build off of that since it has gained a bit of popularity. I also work with Wordpress quite often. All of the software I work with tends to be based on PHP but I hear a lot of people say Ruby or Python is better. Since I'm starting out, I really don't care which one I learn but I want to start right. Any recommendations for someone with HTML/CSS/Javascript knowledge but wants to branch out?

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• taking intersection of N-many lists in python

  - by user248237

  what's the easiest way to take the intersection of N-many lists in python? if I have two lists a and b, I know I can do: a = set(a) b = set(b) intersect = a.intersection(b) but I want to do something like a & b & c & d & ... for an arbitrary set of lists (ideally without converting to a set first, but if that's the easiest / most efficient way, I can deal with that.) I.e. I want to write a function intersect(*args) that will do it for arbitrarily many sets efficiently. What's the easiest way to do that? EDIT: My own solution is reduce(set.intersection, [a,b,c]) -- is that good? thanks.

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• Parsing dbpedia JSON in Python

  - by givp

  Hello, I'm trying to get my head around the dbpedia JSON schema and can't figure out an efficient way of extracting a specific node: This is what dbpedia gives me: http://dbpedia.org/data/Ceramic_art.json I've got the whole thing as a JSON object in Python but don't really understand how to get the english abstract from this data. I've gotten this far: u = "http://dbpedia.org/data/Ceramic_art.json" data = urlfetch.fetch(url=u) json_data = json.loads(data.content) for j in json_data["http://dbpedia.org/resource/Ceramic_art"]: if(j == "http://dbpedia.org/ontology/abstract"): print "it's here" Not sure how to proceed from here. As you can see there are multiple languages. I need to get the english abstract. Thanks for your help, g

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• Manipulating binary data in Python

  - by Dominic Bou-Samra

  I am opening up a binary file like so: file = open("test/test.x", 'rb') and reading in lines to a list. Each line looks a little like: '\xbe\x00\xc8d\xf8d\x08\xe4.\x07~\x03\x9e\x07\xbe\x03\xde\x07\xfe\n' I am having a hard time manipulating this data. If I try and print each line, python freezes, and emits beeping noises (I think there's a binary beep code in there somewhere). How do I go about using this data safely? How can I convert each hex number to decimal?

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• Python Scraper for Javascript?

  - by Diego

  Hey all, Can anyone direct me to a good Python screen scraping library for javascript code (hopefully one with good documentation/tutorials)? I'd like to see what options are out there, but most of all the easiest to learn with fastest results... wondering if anyone had experience. I've heard some stuff about spidermonkey, but maybe there are better ones out there? Specifically, I use BeautifulSoup and Mechanize to get to here, but need a way to open the javascript popup, submit data, and download/parse the results in the javascript popup. <a href="javascript:openFindItem(12510109)" onclick="s_objectID=&quot;javascript:openFindItem(12510109)_1&quot;;return this.s_oc?this.s_oc(e):true">Find Item</a> I'd like to implement this with Google App engine and Django. Thanks!

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• Python namespace in between builtins and global?

  - by Paul

  Hello, As I understand it python has the following outermost namespaces: Builtin - This namespace is global across the entire interpreter and all scripts running within an interpreter instance. Globals - This namespace is global across a module, ie across a single file. I am looking for a namespace in between these two, where I can share a few variables declared within the main script to modules called by it. For example, script.py: import Log from Log import foo from foo log = Log() foo() foo.py: def foo(): log.Log('test') # I want this to refer to the callers log object I want to be able to call script.py multiple times and in each case, expose the module level log object to the foo method. Any ideas if this is possible? It won't be too painful to pass down the log object, but I am working with a large chunk of code that has been ported from Javascript. I also understand that this places constraints on the caller of foo to expose its log object. Thanks, Paul

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• Python: Elegant way to check if at least one regex in list matches a string

  - by houbysoft

  Hi. I have a list of regexes in python, and a string. Is there an elegant way to check if the at least one regex in the list matches the string? By elegant, I mean something better than simply looping through all of the regexes and checking them against the string and stopping if a match is found. Basically, I had this code: list = ['something','another','thing','hello'] string = 'hi' if string in list: pass # do something else: pass # do something else Now I would like to have some regular expressions in the list, rather than just strings, and I am wondering if there is an elegant solution to check for a match to replace if string in list:. Thanks in advance.

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• Python 3 - Module: subprocess

  - by Rhys

  Hi Stack Overflow users, I've encountered a frustrating problem, can't find the answer to it. Yesterday I was trying to find a way to HIDE a subprocess.Popen. So for example, if i was opening the cmd. I would like it to be hidden, permanently. I found this code: kwargs = {} if subprocess.mswindows: su = subprocess.STARTUPINFO() su.dwFlags |= subprocess.STARTF_USESHOWWINDOW su.wShowWindow = subprocess.SW_HIDE kwargs['startupinfo'] = su subprocess.Popen("cmd.exe", **kwargs) It worked like a charm! But today, for reasons I don't need to get into, I had to reinstall python 3 (32bit) Now, when I run my program I get this error: Traceback (most recent call last): File "C:\Python31\hello.py", line 7, in <module> su.dwFlags |= subprocess.STARTF_USESHOWWINDOW AttributeError: 'module' object has no attribute 'STARTF_USESHOWWINDOW' I'm using 32bit, python3.1.3 ... just like before. If you have any clues/alternatives PLEASE post, thanks. NOTE: I am looking for a SHORT method to hide the app, not like two pages of code please

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• python - checking if a user has admin privileges

  - by Matt

  Hi, I'm writing a little program as a self-learning project in Python 3.x. my idea is for the program to allow two fields of text entry to the user, and then plug the user's input into the value of two specific registry keys. What I was wondering, and something my books don't seem to cover, is if there is a simple way to make it check if the current user can access the registry. I'd rather it cleanly tell the user that he needs admin privileges than for the program to go nuts and crash because it's trying to access a restricted area. I'd like it to make this check as soon as the program launches, before the user is given any input options. What code is needed for this? thanks for the help

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• Unable to access LinkedIn conections using python rauth library

  - by srinath sastry

  I was trying out this example at https://github.com/litl/rauth/blob/master/examples/linkedin-web.py I get a 403, Access to connections denied error and it returns KeyError: '_total'. r_network option is present. Has anyone faced this issue? Also if you look at http://docs.python-requests.org/en/latest/user/quickstart/#oauth-authentication, the 'requests' library is initializing resource_owner_key, resource_owner_secret apart from the application keys. Not sure how these are getting passed from the 'rauth' library, Was wondering if that was causing this 403 error.

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