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  • Win 7 crashes, PC reboots and says "Hard drive 0 not found" until I turn if off and on again

    - by Danny T.
    I recently made the move from Windows XP to Windows 7. Since then, when my computer is on for a few hours it always ends up rebooting without warning. Then the BIOS won't recognize my hard drive (hard drive 0 not found). If I turn off my computer and then on again, it boots normally. Some details: Dell Dimension 9150 Windows 7 I updated the BIOS I updated all system drivers with the latest version from Dell (SATA, Chipset, etc.) Other drivers updated too (Graphic card, sound, etc.) There is one thing that I tried after some Googling: I turned off the DMA access to the drives, but it's still rebooting after a few hours. Any clue? UPDATE 2010/12/13 Here are the events from the Event Log for today, from when I turned the computer on until it crashed: 19:17 - Error - ID 10016 - DistributedCom 20:06 - Error - ID 1008 - Customer Improvement Program (could not send data to Microsoft) 21:48 - Critical - ID 41 - Kernel-Power (System was restarted without proper shutdown) 21:48 - Error - ID 6008 - EventLog (Previous system down was not planned) 21:48 - Error - ID 1101 - EventLog (Audit Event ignored) 21:49 - Error - ID 10016 - DistributedCom Both DistributedCom events have a description along these lines (translated from French): The authorisation parameters specific to the application are not allowing Local Execeution for the COM server application with the CLSID {C97FCC79-E628-407D-AE68-A06AD6D8B4D1} and the APPID {344ED43D-D086-4961-86A6-1106F4ACAD9B} to the SID AUTHORITY NT\User System (S-1-5-18) from the address LocalHost (LRPC usage). This security authorisation can be changed with the Component service administration tool. UPDATE 2010/12/31 Here are the error messages I have on blue screens : STOP C000007xA - Kernel_Data_Inpage_Error "Unkown hard error" C00000135 - Can't start because &hs is missing

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  • grub2 error : out of disk

    - by Nostradamnit
    Hi everyone, I recently install ArchBang on a machine with Ubuntu and XP. I ran update-grub from Ubuntu and it found the new install and created an entry. However, when I try to boot it, I get: error: out of disk error: you need to load kernel first I've tried several things, including adding a new entry in 40_custom, but nothing changes. Here are the entries I have: default found by update-grub ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ### menuentry "ArchBang Linux (on /dev/sda4)" { insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='(hd0,msdos4)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set 75f96b44-3a8f-4727-9959-d669b9244f2a linux /boot/vmlinuz26 root=/dev/sda4 rootfstype=ext4 ro xorg=vesa quiet nomodeset swapon initrd /boot/kernel26.img } menuentry "ArchBang Linux Fallback (on /dev/sda4)" { insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='(hd0,msdos4)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set 75f96b44-3a8f-4727-9959-d669b9244f2a linux /boot/vmlinuz26 root=/dev/sda4 rootfstype=ext4 ro xorg=vesa quiet nomodeset swapon initrd /boot/kernel26-fallback.img } ### END /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ### custom entry in 40_custom based on various ideas found on the internets menuentry "ArchBang Linux (on /dev/sda4)" { insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='(hd0,msdos4)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set 75f96b44-3a8f-4727-9959-d669b9244f2a linux /boot/vmlinuz26 root=/dev/disk/by-uuid/75f96b44-3a8f-4727-9959-d669b9244f2a rootfstype=ext4 ro xorg=vesa quiet nomodeset swapon initrd /boot/kernel26.img } I think the problem has something to do with the sda4 not being mounted at boot-time... Thanks in advance for you help, Sam

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  • When modern computers boot, what initial setup of RAM do they execute, and how does it exactly work?

    - by user272840
    I know the title reeks of confusion, and some of you might assume I am just wondering about how the computer boots in general, but I'm not. But I'll sort this out for you people now: 1.Onboard firmware is how mostly all modern computer devices work, whether or not with EFI/UEFI(even without "onboard firmware", older computers still employed bank switching, or similar methods with snap-in firmware, cartridges, etc.) 2.On startup there is no "programs" running in the traditional sense yet, i.e. no kernel, OS, user-applications; all of the instructions, especially the very first instruction, is specified by the Instruction Pointer, I am guessing. How is the IP/PC/etc. set to first point to an address for a BIOS/firmware/etc. instruction, and how do the BIOS instructions map themself out in memory prior to startup? 3.Aside from MMIO, BIOS uses certain RAM addresses to have instructions. The big ? comes in when I ask this ... how does BIOS do this? Conclusion: I am assuming that with the very first instruction there is an initial hardware setup for BIOS prior to complete OS bootup. What I want to know is if it's hardware engineered to always work this way, if there's another step in this bootup method I am missing, a gap of information I am unaware of, or how this all works from the very first instruction, and the RAM data itself.

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  • Reusing slot numbers in Linux software RAID arrays

    - by thkala
    When a hard disk drive in one of my Linux machines failed, I took the opportunity to migrate from RAID5 to a 6-disk software RAID6 array. At the time of the migration I did not have all 6 drives - more specifically the fourth and fifth (slots 3 and 4) drives were already in use in the originating array, so I created the RAID6 array with a couple of missing devices. I now need to add those drives in those empty slots. Using mdadm --add does result in a proper RAID6 configuration, with one glitch - the new drives are placed in new slots, which results in this /proc/mdstat snippet: ... md0 : active raid6 sde1[7] sdd1[6] sda1[0] sdf1[5] sdc1[2] sdb1[1] 25185536 blocks super 1.0 level 6, 64k chunk, algorithm 2 [6/6] [UUUUUU] ... mdadm -E verifies that the actual slot numbers in the device superblocks are correct, yet the numbers shown in /proc/mdstat are still weird. I would like to fix this glitch, both to satisfy my inner perfectionist and to avoid any potential sources of future confusion in a crisis. Is there a way to specify which slot a new device should occupy in a RAID array? UPDATE: I have verified that the slot number persists in the component device superblock. For the version 1.0 superblocks that I am using that would be the dev_number field as defined in include/linux/raid/md_p.h of the Linux kernel source. I am now considering direct modification of said field to change the slot number - I don't suppose there is some standard way to manipulate the RAID superblock?

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  • How to completely disable IPv6 for loopback interface on RHEL 5.6

    - by Marc D
    I've done lots of research on how to disable IPv6 on RedHat Linux and I have it almost completely disabled. However the loopback interface is still getting an inet6 loopback address (::1/128). I can't find where IPV6 is still enabled for loopback. To disable IPV6 I added the following settings to /etc/sysctl.conf: net.ipv6.conf.default.disable_ipv6=1 net.ipv6.conf.all.disable_ipv6=1 And also added the following line to /etc/sysconfig/network: NETWORKING_IPV6=no After rebooting, the inet6 address is gone from my physical interface (eth0), but is still there for lo: # ip addr show 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo inet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000 link/ether 00:50:56:xx:xx:xx brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 10.x.x.x/21 brd 10.x.x.x scope global eth0 If I manually remove the IPV6 address from loopback and then bounce the interface, it comes back: # ip addr del ::1/128 dev lo # ip addr show lo 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo # ip link set lo down # ip link set lo up # ip addr show lo 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo inet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever I believe IPV6 should be disabled at the kernel level as confirmed by sysctl: # sysctl net.ipv6.conf.lo.disable_ipv6 net.ipv6.conf.lo.disable_ipv6 = 1 Any ideas on what else would cause the loopback interface to get an IPV6 address?

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  • logrotate: neither rotate nor compress empty files

    - by Andrew Tobey
    i have just set up an (r)syslog server to receive the logs of various clients, which works fine. only logrotate is still not behaving as intending. i want logrotate to create a new logfile for each day, but only to keep and store i.e. compress non-empty files. my logrotate config looks currently like this # sample configuration for logrotate being a remote server for multiple clients /var/log/syslog { rotate 3 daily missingok notifempty delaycompress compress dateext nomail postrotate reload rsyslog >/dev/null 2>&1 || true endscript } # local i.e. the system's very own logs: keep logs for a whole month /var/log/kern.log /var/log/kernel-info /var/log/auth.log /var/log/auth-info /var/log/cron.log /var/log/cron-info /var/log/daemon.log /var/log/daemon-info /var/log/mail.log /var/log/rsyslog /var/log/rsyslog-info { rotate 31 daily missingok notifempty delaycompress compress dateext nomail sharedscripts postrotate reload rsyslog >/dev/null 2>&1 || true endscript } # received i.e. logs from the clients /var/log/path-to-logs/*/* { rotate 31 daily missingok notifempty delaycompress compress dateext nomail } what i end up with is having is some sort of "summarized" files such as filename-datestampDay-Day and corresponding .gz files. What I do have are empty files, which are eventually zipped. so does the notifempty directive is in fact responsible for these DayX-DayY files, days on which really nothing happened? what would be an efficient way to drop both, empty log files and their .gz files, so that I eventually only keep logs/compressed files that truly contain data?

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  • EC2 AMI won't boot after edit

    - by Eric Lars0n
    I did something stupid, I got a new laptop and copied everything over to the new one, then wiped the old one clean. Then I realized that I forgot to copy the private key out of .ssh that I use to connect to my AWS EBS backed instance. So I can't log in to my custom AMI. So I created a new Volume from the Snapshot of the AMI, then started up a public instance and attached the Volume to it, edit the sshd_config to allow for password log in. Unmounted the volume, detached it, made a snapshot of it, then made a new AMI from the snapshot. The new AMI launches, but never passes the Status Checks and is not reachable. What am I doing wrong? Or alternatively how can I fix my problem? Edit: Adding some of the console output Linux version 2.6.16-xenU ([email protected]) (gcc version 4.0.1 20050727 (Red Hat 4.0.1-5)) #1 SMP Mon May 28 03:41:49 SAST 2007 BIOS-provided physical RAM map: Xen: 0000000000000000 - 000000006a400000 (usable) 980MB HIGHMEM available. 727MB LOWMEM available. NX (Execute Disable) protection: active IRQ lockup detection disabled RAMDISK driver initialized: 16 RAM disks of 4096K size 1024 blocksize NET: Registered protocol family 2 Registering block device major 8 XENBUS: Timeout connecting to devices! Kernel panic - not syncing: VFS: Unable to mount root fs on unknown-block(8,0)

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  • How can I automatically synchronize a directory tree on multiple machines?

    - by Blacklight Shining
    I have two Mac laptops and a Debian server, each with a directory that I would like to keep in sync between the three. The solution should meet the following criteria (in rough order of importance): It must not use any third-party service (e.g. Dropbox, SugarSync, Google whatever). This does not include installing additional software (as long as it's free). It must not require me to use specific directories or change my way of storing things. (Dropbox does this IIRC) It must work in all directions (changes made on /any/ machine should be pushed to the others) All data sent must be encrypted (I have ssh keypairs set up already) It must work even when not all machines are available (changes should be pushed to a machine when it comes back online) It must work even when the /directories/ on some machines are not available (they may be stored on disk images which will not always be mounted) This can be solved for Macs by using launchd to automatically launch and kill (or in some way change the behavior of) whatever daemon is used for syncing when the images are mounted and unmounted. It must be immediate (using an event-based system, not a periodic one like cron) It must be flexible (if more machines are added, I should be able to incorporate them easily) I also have some preferences that I would like to be fulfilled, but do not have to be: It should notify me somehow if there are conflicts or other errors. It should recognize symbolic and hard links and create corresponding ones. It should allow me to create a list of exceptions (subdirectories which will not be synced at all). It should not require me to set up port forwarding or otherwise reconfigure a network. This can be solved by using an ssh tunnel with reverse port forwarding. If you have a solution that meets some, but not all of the criteria, please contribute it in the comments as it might be useful in some way, and it might be possible to meet some of the criteria separately. What I tried, and why it didn't work: rsync and lsyncd do not support bidirectional synchronization csync2 is designed for server clusters and does not appear to work with machines with dynamic IPs DRBD (suggested by amotzg) involves installing a kernel module and does not appear to work on systems running OS X

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  • hyper-v cluster behavior when losing network connectivity

    - by ChristopheD
    Setup: (rather new) Hyper-V R2 cluster with 2 nodes (in failover configuration). Fysical host OS: Windows Server 2008. About eight VM's (mixed: Windows Server 2008 and Linux) Yesterday we had a power outage of about 15 minutes. Our blades are on UPS so the fysical host machines (Windows Server 2008) never went down. Our main switches are not on UPS (yet) and we saw the behaviour similar to the following (as distilled from the event logs). The nodes in the cluster lost means of communication (because the external switches went down). The cluster wants to bring down one (the first) of the nodes (to start failover?). The previous step impacts clustered storage where the virtual machine VHD's are located. All VM's got brutally terminated and were found in a failed state in the failover manager in the host OS'es. The Linux VM's were kernel panicking and looked like they had their disk ripped out. This whole setup is rather new to us, so we are still learning about this. The question: We are putting switches on UPS soon but were wondering if the above is expected behavior (seems rather fragile) or if there are obvious improvements configuration-wise to handle such scenario's ? I can upload an evtx file concerning what exactly was going on in case that's necessary.

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  • Host system resets (crashes) when using VMWare or VirtualBox and 64-bit guest systems

    - by sinni800
    I have been trying to install virtual systems on VMWare for a while now and encountered strange behaviour from my PC. The behaviour is as follows: On "automatic" virtualization mode it either outputs a cryptic error message (can MAYBE give later, if I can reproduce) right on startup (before even the BIOS) or it resets the complete HOST system (blackscreen, bios...) If I install a Windows XP on it it works well on "binary translation" mode. If I try installing Linux on it, in "binary translation" mode it crashes 1 or 2 seconds after I hit enter on the GRUB selection screen (after the first page of kernel messages rolled in) Using VirtualBox it crashes right in the BIOS. It gave me a Bluescreen though! 0x00000101: CLOCK_WATCHDOG_TIMEOUT: a clock interrupt was not received on a secondary processor within the allocated time interval NEWS: I tried VirtualBox again and it did not completely crash the computer this time. It gave me a critical error and a log file: http://pastebin.com/yKZSDs91 In conclusion, it will crash instantly if VT-x is activated. If not, it seemingly only crashed if I try to install something with 64 bits. Another update: Yes, it ONLY crashes when the guest is 64 bit! What I tried: Reinstalling Windows (my Windows installation was quite broken so it seemed natural. Didn't work though.) New BIOS What I am certain of: Virtualization extensions are activated in the BIOS What my computer specs are: ASUS P8P67 LE mainboard, newest BIOS/EFI firmware Intel Core i5 2500k Ati Radeon HD 5770 16 GB Corsair 1333mhz DDR3 RAM, 4 X 4 GB

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  • Spotlight has stopped indexing/returning anything in /Applications

    - by pra
    After a recent kernel panic & restart, Spotlight no longer seems to know anything about the files under my /Applications folder. I used to launch Safari.app, Opera.app, Textedit.app, etc via Spotlight as a matter of routine. Now, I get "No results found" for all of them (except Textedit.app, which launches a demo text editor from a Qt installation). The programs are still there & still launch directly from Finder. I've already run disk utility & verified the disk, no issues. I repaired disk permissions, which made several changes, but to no effect. Is there anything else I can do, short of re-installing MacOS? Update: I already verified that "Applications" was still checked in my Spotlight preferences. It was still returning applications located elsewhere (the Qt textedit sample app), so that shouldn't have been the issue. A few hours later it resolved itself; I guess there's a background process running on some interval.

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  • Diagnose remote desktop freezes in Windows 7 when no BSOD?

    - by Paul Smith
    Okay, I'm getting no joy from Asus or Microsoft on this, so hoping for some clues on how to narrow down the cause. I have very frequent OS freezes, always & only when running Remote Destkop Client (mstsc) in Windows 7 x64. I never have a bluescreen, and there is never a minidump. The display & input just freezes -- no keyboard, no mouse, and sound will just continue the last wavelength if any. So far, I can't find a way to trap the hang given that there's no bluescreen; advanced startup & recovery settings for system failure are "Write an event" checked, "Automatically restart" checked, and "Kernel memory dump". I've updated to the lasted BIOS, and tried a few different graphics drivers, both generic & ATI. I've also tried disabling Aero, and everything about the remote desktop experience (incrementally unchecked every box in the mstsc - options - experience tab), even disabled/unplugged external monitor to make sure it wasn't a dual-monitor issue. My specs are: Asus G73jh notebook 8GB RAM ATI Mobility Radeon HD 5800 Series graphics (recently tried driver versions 8.791.0.0, 8.801.0.0) American Megatrends G73jh.211 BIOS (7/27/2010) Windows 7 Home Premium x64 Windows Memory Diagnostic passed all of the following at least 3 times with no errors: MATS+ INVC LRAND Stride6 WMATS+ WINVC This notebook is better than most at removing heat (laudable vent design), so I'm not inclined to suspect thermal causes (especially since running 1080p video for hours has never caused a freeze, but mstsc does, reliably, within 5 minutes to an hour). This did seem to start happening after a Windows Update, but I've since reverted every patch applied since a week before the first occurrence, with no joy. (And I'd only had the PC for a couple weeks before that, so it could have been chance + less actual time spent remoting at the beginning.) I'm at my wits end, and I bought this laptop primarily as a remote terminal client (go figure, right?) Any ideas on how to identify the cause of this? Thanks!

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  • Vmware Workstation, Win7 host, Ubuntu guests with Nat + Host-only networks but they cannot connect to the Internet

    - by Ikon
    I have a Win7 host machine with Vmware Workstation. In the workstation I have 3 Ubuntu installed. All 3 Ubuntu guests have a Nat network - to access the internet without asking the router for a local address - and a Host-only network - to connect all Ubuntu quests and the host in a private network for internal communication, without touching the router. When I try to make any of the Ubuntu quests to get data from the internet - assuming that they would figure out that the Nat-ed interface can access the requested data - they fail and report that there is no route to my query. If I disconnect the 2nd interface on the Ubuntu guests with the Host-only network and restart networking, they start to know the route to the internet. Odd, during the installation of the guests they asked which of the 2 given interfaces - with Nat and Host-only config - should be used to get updates during installation and they oddly managed to get the updates. Not so after the installation has finished and rebooted. I have checked the Virtual Network Editor that the Nat interface should use my real network card to access the net, so there should be no problem. I wish not to use the router's dhcp service to give the Ubuntu quests an address, and also I don't want the guests to be accessable from the local network directly, but only by the host - that's the Host-only network is for. Any suggestions? Edit: 192.168.189.0 is the Nat interface and 192.168.7.0 is the Host-only. $ route -n Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 192.168.7.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth1 192.168.189.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 0.0.0.0 192.168.189.2 0.0.0.0 UG 100 0 0 eth0

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  • Unable to set initcwnd on a Hetzner server

    - by Sergi
    We just ordered a bunch of Hetzner EX40SSD servers with the minimal Debian install image that they provide and everything is just fine except that looking at tcpdumps for fine tuning the network from various locations the initcwnd param seems to be stuck at 6 no matter how we change it. By default Debian 3.2 kernels should have that setting to 10 so it's pretty strange. Is it possible that the NIC driver or a custom setting in the Hetzner Debian image is limiting this param? Even if we set it to 4, like the old kernel default, it doesn't work. Any ideas would be much appreciated! Does anyone know if the NIC drivers provided by default by Debian have some kind on limitation. In a long thread in http://www.webhostingtalk.com/showthread.php?t=1200617&highlight=hetzner they talk about a page http://wiki.hetzner.de/index.php/Installation_des_r8168-Treibers/en where Hetzner states that the included Realtek r8168 driver is not working properly, but nowhere do they say that the initcwnd could be affected. Tomorrow i will try to install a CentOs image and see if Debian is the problem...Last resort would be to install a custom debian image, but that is a pain in the ass! Thanks!

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  • DRBD as a block device for XEN VM (Centos 5.3)

    - by SaberTooth
    Hi all, I have setup a drbd resource between 2 server nodes - everything works correctly when doing sync tests between the two. (I want to create a HA cluster using drbd,xen and heartbeat) However, when I try and create a XEN VM with Centos as guest operating system, I get through to the partitioning screen on the install but when I select a partitioning type the next screen gives me the following error : "An error has occurred - no valid devices were found on which to create new file systems. Please check your hardware for the cause of this problem." This is the first time attempting create a setup like this and searching Google does not help much... my config files for DRBD and XEN.... DRBD (just the section that is pertinent) on xennode0 { device /dev/drbd0; disk /dev/sda5; address X.X.X.X:7788; flexible-meta-disk internal; } on xennode1 { device /dev/drbd0; disk /dev/sda5; address X.X.X.X:7788; meta-disk internal; } XEN kernel = "/boot/xeninstall/vmlinuz" ramdisk = "/boot/xeninstall/initrd.img" extra = "text" name = "VM" maxmem = 3000 memory = 3000 vcpus = 4 on_poweroff = "destroy" on_reboot = "restart" on_crash = "restart" vfb = [ ] disk = [ "phy:/dev/drbd0,sda1,w", "tap:aio:/srv/xen/xenswap.img,sda2,w" ] vif = [ "mac=00:16:3e:11:67:ae,bridge=xenbr0" ] root = "/dev/sda1 ro" Thanks in advance!

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  • How does one skip “Windows did not shut down successfully” in Win7-64?

    - by XenonofArcticus
    Migrating an app from an expensive and unreliable dedicated embedded x86 box running WinXP-embedded to COTS hardware (Dell E6410 laptop) running normal Win7-64. At this time, it's not feasible to deploy using Windows 7 embedded. The problem is, that the system is still sort of "embedded". The power could shut off at virtually any time without prior warning. We've stripped the OS down and removed the battery capability so that it will power down as desired. The app never writes to the disk, so it's not like we're going to corrupt anything terribly. The system is essentially idle after our app is up and running (with the exception of some computation, graphics, and TCP/IP and serial communications) so the OS enters a pretty stable state rather quickly. After a power-loss however, it rightly complains that Windows did not shut down successfully and presents the user with the Windows Error Recovery text screen. If left alone, it does eventually move on booting just fine, but we'd like to skip that step if possible. WinXP-embedded is designed to do this automatically, so I know it's possible. I've looked at the Kernel Switches but I didn't see anything documented for "Skip Windows Error Recovery". I've also read extensively on the startup process: http://homepage.ntlworld.com./jonathan.deboynepollard/FGA/windows-nt-6-boot-process.html I know I can disable the auto chkdsk in the registry, but that's not the same thing either. So, how do I streamline the boot process to not hassle the user about a situation that will be the regular normal situation?

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  • Change source address based on destination IP

    - by hgj
    We have several "router" machines that gather a lot of external IP addresses on the same host and redirect, NAT or proxy the traffic to the internal network. They also act as routers for the machines on the internal network. This works fine, however I am unable to make the routing table, so I can change the source address, based on the destination a machine from the internal network want to access. Let's say I have a router, that has public addresses P1 (5.5.5.1/24) and P2 (5.5.5.2/24). All traffic goes through P1, but if necessary, the host is reachable on P2 too. This looks like this and works fine: > ip addr ... 1: eth1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000 link/ether aa:bb:cc:dd:ee:11 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 5.5.5.1/24 brd 5.5.5.255 scope global eth1 inet 5.5.5.2/24 brd 5.5.5.255 scope global secondary eth1:p2 ... Now I want to use P2 as the source address, if I want to access the Google DNS service for example (8.8.8.8). So I add a row in the routing table like: > ip route add 8.8.8.8 via 5.5.5.254 dev eth1 src 5.5.5.2 > ip route ... default via 5.5.5.254 dev eth1 5.5.5.0/24 dev eth1 proto kernel scope link src 5.5.5.1 8.8.8.8 via 5.5.5.254 dev eth1 src 5.5.5.2 ... But this does not work. If I ping 8.8.8.8, the host still uses P1 as the source address, and does not use P2 at all for outgoing connections. Am I doing it right? I guess not...

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  • Route web traffic through a separate iterface

    - by tkane
    I'd like to route web traffic through the wlan0 interface and the rest through eth1. Can you please help me with the iptables commands to achieve this. Below is my configuration. Thank you :) Edit: This is about desktop configuration not a web server set up. Basically I want to use one of my connections to browse the web and the other one for everything else. ifconfig: eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:1d:09:59:80:70 inet addr:192.168.2.164 Bcast:192.168.2.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::21d:9ff:fe59:8070/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:33 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:41 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:4771 (4.7 KB) TX bytes:7081 (7.0 KB) Interrupt:17 wlan0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:1c:bf:90:8a:6d inet addr:192.168.1.70 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::21c:bfff:fe90:8a6d/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:77 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:102 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:14256 (14.2 KB) TX bytes:14764 (14.7 KB) route: Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 192.168.2.0 * 255.255.255.0 U 1 0 0 eth1 192.168.1.0 * 255.255.255.0 U 2 0 0 wlan0 link-local * 255.255.0.0 U 1000 0 0 wlan0 default adsl 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth1

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  • iptables, blocking large numbers of IP Addresses

    - by Twirrim
    I'm looking to block IP addresses in a relatively automated fashion if they look to be 'screen scraping' content from websites that we host. In the past this was achieved by some ingenious perl scripts and OpenBSD's pf. pf is great in that you can provide it nice tables of IP addresses and it will efficiently handle blocking based on them. However for various reasons (before my time) they made the decision to switch to CentOS. iptables doesn't natively provide the ability to block large numbers of addresses (I'm told it wasn't unusual to be blocking 5000+), and I'm a bit cautious over adding that many rules into an iptable. ipt_recent would be awesome for doing this, plus it provides a lot of flexibility for just severely slowing down access, but there is a bug in the CentOS kernel that is stopping me from using it (reported, but awaiting fix). Using ipset would entail compiling a more up-to-date version of iptables than comes with CentOS which whilst I'm perfectly capable of doing it, I'd rather not do from a patching, security and consistency perspective. Other than those two it looks like nfblock is a reasonable alternative. Is anyone aware of other ways of achieving this? Are my concerns about several thousand IP addresses in iptables as individual rules unfounded?

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  • Bypass network stack. Which options do we have? Pros and cons of each option [on hold]

    - by javapowered
    I'm writing trading application. I want to bypass network stack in Linux but I don't know how this can be done. I'm looking for complete list of options with pros and cons of each of them. The only option I know - is to buy solarflare network card which supports OpenOnLoad. What other options should I consider and what is pros and cons of each of them? Well the question is pretty simple - what is the best way to bypass network stack? upd: OpenOnload It achieves performance improvements in part by performing network processing at user-level, bypassing the OS kernel entirely on the data path. Intel DDIO to allow Intel® Ethernet Controllers and adapters to talk directly with the processor cache of the Intel® Xeon® processor E5. What's key difference between these techologies? Do they do roughly the same things? I much better like Intel DDIO because it's much easy to use, but OpenOnload required a lot of installation and tuning. If good OpenOnload application is much faster than good Intel DDIO application?

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  • OpenVPN bridge network from routed clients

    - by gphilip
    I have the following setup: subnet 1 - 10.0.1.0/24 with a machine used as NAT and also running an OpenVPN client subnet 2 - 192.168.1/24 with an OpenVPN server (the server in subnet 1 connect here) subnet 3 - 10.0.2.0/24 that uses the NAT machine (subnet 1) to access the internet, so all non-local traffic is routed there to the eth0 interface The OpenVPN client creates the tun0 interface and appropriate routing so that I can access machines from 192.168.1/24 [root@ip-10-0-1-208 ~]# telnet 192.168.1.186 8081 Trying 192.168.1.186... Connected to 192.168.1.186. Escape character is '^]'. [root@ip-10-0-1-208 ~]# route -n Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 0.0.0.0 10.0.1.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 10.0.1.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 10.8.0.1 10.8.0.5 255.255.255.255 UGH 0 0 0 tun0 10.8.0.5 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 UH 0 0 0 tun0 169.254.169.254 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 UH 0 0 0 eth0 192.168.0.0 10.8.0.5 255.255.0.0 UG 0 0 0 tun0 However, when I try the same from subnet 3, it can't reach that machine. [root@ip-10-0-2-61 ~]# telnet 192.168.1.186 8081 Trying 192.168.1.186... I suspect that it's because subnet 3 is routed to eth0 on the NAT machine in subnet 1 and it cannot jump to tun0. What's the easiest way to resolve it? I don't want to use iptables. I can't change the routing from machines in subnet 1 because it's done in AWS and so it works only with specific interfaces. Also, the NAT machine gets its IP with DHCP and so bridging is a bit complicated. IP forwarding is set on the NAT machine [root@ip-10-0-1-208 ~]# cat /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward 1 Thank you!

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  • Ubuntu on VPS becomes unresponsive: BUG: soft lockup - CPU#0 stuck for 22s

    - by Bhante Nandiya
    We have a VPS running Ubuntu, on Xen. The problem is this, about once a day, for about 20-50 minutes, at a random time, the server becomes completely unresponsive to the outside world. After this period, it becomes responsive again, as if nothing had happened, it doesn't lose uptime, it doesn't restart. It just starts responding again as if it had been in suspended animation. These outages occur under conditions of non-exceptional memory and cpu, for example 70% mem, 5% cpu. I have stopped all non-essential services so the usage is very even. These outages don't particularly occur during times of increased memory/cpu (during daily tasks), they sometimes occur at times of very low cpu use (<2%), but in the past also occured during swapping. These blackouts have been occurring both under Ubuntu 12.04 LTS, and Ubuntu 14.04 LTS - no change at all (I upgraded Ubuntu specifically to see if it helped this problem). It is possible to log into our webhosts site, and use their administration console to see error messages from during this time. Presumably, these messages are from the Xen virtualization, the main message goes like this: BUG: soft lockp - CPU#0 stuck for 22s! [ksoftireqd/0:3] (repeats many times) SysRq : Emergency Sync (Sometimes this is the only message in the console) Others seen previously under different load situations include: BUG: soft lockup - CPU#0 stuck for 22s! [swapper/0:0] (repeated many times) or: INFO: rcu_sched detected stall on CPU 0 (t=15000 jiffies) (repeated many times with t getting bigger) From googling around I've tried various kernel parameters such as nohz=off and acpi=off to no avail. All tech support has said is that other Ubuntu installations are not suffering the same problem. Anyone got any ideas or experience with this problem?

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  • How to fix high Load_Cycle_Count laptop drive (TOSHIBA MK6006GAH in Vaio TX1XP)?

    - by Sam Brightman
    Hoping someone knows exactly what's going on here. It seems this drive has some combination of aggressive power saving settings and Ubuntu defaults that has massively increased the Load_Cycle_Count for the drive: https://wiki.ubuntu.com/DanielHahler/Bug59695 So the drive is now so slow that it cannot boot because it takes long enough to access the data that the kernel will not recognise it properly. I'm not worried about the data on the drive, but would really like to keep the laptop functioning. There is some indication that this is possible because the figure is still low 200,000s and most drives supposedly go to 600,000. Additionally, SMART tests pass and consider the drive healthy and without errors. But the really surprising thing was when I ran mhdd... Every single read came up red (slow) until I pressed 'R' for reset drive. I noticed the next read was normal speed, so held down 'R'. Magically the drive read perfectly for as long as I held the key BUT resumed slow (and noisy) seeking/reading after releasing. I don't think the source code to mhdd is available, so I'm not exactly sure what this means (besides, I don't know enough low-level HDD stuff either). It seems like the drive should be able to work, but is stuck trying to power save or something. There are no BIOS options on the laptop. Does anyone know how I can stop the drive from doing extremely slow/noisy operations like this? Or is constantly resetting the drive also damanging, and only causing it to work well by luck (i.e. not a suggestion that it's fixable)?

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  • Route web browsing through a separate iterface

    - by tkane
    I'd like to route web browsing through the wlan0 interface and the rest through eth1. Can you please help me with the iptables commands to achieve this. Below is my configuration. Thank you :) Edit: This is about desktop configuration not a web server set up. Basically I want to use one of my connections to browse the web and the other one for everything else. ifconfig: eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:1d:09:59:80:70 inet addr:192.168.2.164 Bcast:192.168.2.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::21d:9ff:fe59:8070/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:33 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:41 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:4771 (4.7 KB) TX bytes:7081 (7.0 KB) Interrupt:17 wlan0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:1c:bf:90:8a:6d inet addr:192.168.1.70 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::21c:bfff:fe90:8a6d/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:77 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:102 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:14256 (14.2 KB) TX bytes:14764 (14.7 KB) route: Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 192.168.2.0 * 255.255.255.0 U 1 0 0 eth1 192.168.1.0 * 255.255.255.0 U 2 0 0 wlan0 link-local * 255.255.0.0 U 1000 0 0 wlan0 default adsl 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth1

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  • TCP dies on a Linux laptop

    - by Roman Cheplyaka
    Once in several days I have the following problem. My laptop (Debian GNU/Linux testing) suddenly becomes unable to work with TCP connections to the internet. The following things continue to work fine: UDP (DNS), ICMP (ping) — I get instant response TCP connections to other machines in the local network (e.g. I can ssh to a neighbour laptop) everything is ok for other machines in my LAN But when I try TCP connections from my laptop, they time out (no response to SYN packets). Here's a typical curl output: % curl -v google.com * About to connect() to google.com port 80 (#0) * Trying 173.194.39.105... * Connection timed out * Trying 173.194.39.110... * Connection timed out * Trying 173.194.39.97... * Connection timed out * Trying 173.194.39.102... * Timeout * Trying 173.194.39.98... * Timeout * Trying 173.194.39.96... * Timeout * Trying 173.194.39.103... * Timeout * Trying 173.194.39.99... * Timeout * Trying 173.194.39.101... * Timeout * Trying 173.194.39.104... * Timeout * Trying 173.194.39.100... * Timeout * Trying 2a00:1450:400d:803::1009... * Failed to connect to 2a00:1450:400d:803::1009: Network is unreachable * Success * couldn't connect to host * Closing connection #0 curl: (7) Failed to connect to 2a00:1450:400d:803::1009: Network is unreachable Restarting the connection and/or reloading the network card kernel module doesn't help. The only thing that helps is reboot. Clearly something is wrong with my system (everything else works fine), but I have no idea what exactly. I don't know how to reproduce this, but as I said, it happens every several days. My setup is a wireless router that is connected to the ISP via PPPoE. Any advice?

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