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• How to create partition when growing raid5 with mdadm.

  - by hometoast

  I have 4 drives, 2x640GB, and 2x1TB drives. My array is made up of the four 640GB partitions and the beginning of each drive. I want to replace both 640GB with 1TB drives. I understand I need to 1) fail a disk 2) replace with new 3) partition 4) add disk to array My question is, when I create the new partition on the new 1TB drive, do I create a 1TB "Raid Auto Detect" partition? Or do I create another 640GB partition and grow it later? Or perhaps the same question could be worded: after I replace the drives how to I grow the 640GB raid partitions to fill the rest of the 1TB drive? fdisk info: Disk /dev/sdb: 1000.2 GB, 1000204886016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 121601 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Disk identifier: 0xe3d0900f Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 1 77825 625129281 fd Linux raid autodetect /dev/sdb2 77826 121601 351630720 83 Linux Disk /dev/sdc: 1000.2 GB, 1000204886016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 121601 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Disk identifier: 0xc0b23adf Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdc1 1 77825 625129281 fd Linux raid autodetect /dev/sdc2 77826 121601 351630720 83 Linux Disk /dev/sdd: 640.1 GB, 640135028736 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 77825 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Disk identifier: 0x582c8b94 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdd1 1 77825 625129281 fd Linux raid autodetect Disk /dev/sde: 640.1 GB, 640135028736 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 77825 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Disk identifier: 0xbc33313a Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sde1 1 77825 625129281 fd Linux raid autodetect Disk /dev/md0: 1920.4 GB, 1920396951552 bytes 2 heads, 4 sectors/track, 468846912 cylinders Units = cylinders of 8 * 512 = 4096 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000

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• Missing BootMgr in Vista

  - by Selase

  Am in really deep trouble here and would use every advice available from everyone out there.. Am message just pooped on my screen and i had to restart my laptop. upon restarting the BootMgr got corrupted. Am running Windows Vista 32 bit by the way.. i got onto Google with a friend's PC and found two basic ways of fixing it. the first one that requires windows to automatically fix it using Startup repair ends up with the error message : "Startup REpair cannot repair this computer automatically" the second option that requires me to rebuild the BCD scans my system and finds the operating system on drive D:\Windows which i believe should be C:. if i hit Y(yes) for the rebuild process to take place i get the message "The required system device cannot be found" i then try the second option which requires me to recreate the BCD Store ends up with an error message that says "The store export operation has failed. The requested system device cannot be found". proceeding from there is meaningless since the system device cannot be found. I somehow believe the device cannot be found because its identifying the windows installation on D: instead of C: but how to change that i have no idea... I dot know how it happens to identify an O/S on D: when there's none there... How do i go about fixing the BootMgr? I have very important files on my system and cant afford to reinstall windows... i really need to fix this..Please help...

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• Setting up a Network Bridge on Linux VM (Windows 7 Host)

  - by GrandAdmiral

  I would like to use NetEm to simulate a low bandwidth environment while testing an Internet-connected device. My plan is to setup a bridge in a Linux VM (Linux Mint 13) on a Windows 7 host. Unfortunately I'm having trouble setting up the bridge. Then I can use NetEm in the Linux VM to limit the bandwidth to an external device. I went with the following script: ifconfig eth0 0.0.0.0 promisc up ifconfig eth1 0.0.0.0 promisc up Then create the bridge and bring it up: brctl addbr br0 brctl setfd br0 0 brctl addif br0 eth0 brctl addif br0 eth1 dhclient br0 ifconfig br0 up When I run that script, I see the following warning: Rather than invoking init scripts through /etc/init.d, use the service(8) utility, e.g. service smbd reload Since the script you are attempting to invoke has been converted to an Upstart job, you may also use the reload(8) utility, e.g. reload smbd The device connecting to the bridge is able to obtain an IP Address, but it can only ping the IP Address of the bridge (both are 10.2.32.xx). Then after a few minutes, other parts of our network go down. I'm not sure why, but once I kill the bridge the network is fine. Is it possible to setup a network bridge in a Linux VM? Do I need to do something else with the dhclient br0 part of the script? By the way, I'm using VirtualBox. The wired connection is eth0 and the wireless connection is eth1. The wired connection is connecting to the device and the wireless connection is going to the network. Both adapters are set up as bridged adapters with promiscuous mode set to "allow all".

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• Boot sequence unlike reboot

  - by samgoody

  When I turn on the computer it acts very differently than when I reboot it. [WinXP Pro, Intel Core2 6600, 2.4GHZ, 2GB RAM, NVIDA GeForce] Boot: Monitor must be plugged into the motherboard or no image. Screen resolution 800x600. Changes to the resolution cause only the top half of the screen to be usable, and are lost when I shut down the computer. Desktop icons arranged in neat rows on left of desktop. Nothing of note in system tray In Device Manger - Display adapter: Intel(R) Q965/Q963 Express Chipset Family In Device Manger - Monitors, two monitors are listed Hibernate and standby work. Reboot: Monitor must be plugged into the graphics card or no image. Screen resolution - 1280x1024 Desktop icons arranged in the cute circle that I put them in. NVIDIA icon shows in system tray. In Device Manger - Display adapter: NVIDA GeForce 6200LE In Device Manger - Monitors, one monitor is listed Hibernate and standby do not work. When awakened after a hibernation it says: The system could not be restarted from its previous location because the restoration image is corrupt. Delete restoration data & proceed to system boot? Double reboot (inconsistent): Monitor must be plugged into the graphics card. Screen resolution - 1024x768 Odd icon shows in system tray whose tooltip says "Intel Graphics" For a while my morning ritual was to boot, wait, reboot using (alt+ctrl+del - ctrl+u - R), wait. Keeping the monitor plugged into the graphics card. But aside for the inefficiency of this method, I sometimes want to standby and can't. On the other hand, the computer is unusable when set to 800x600. Please help, anyone?

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• Symantec Backup Exec 12 Tape Alert.

  - by Adam

  Every day, I run 5 backups using 6 tapes. Each day, when I run the inventory, I get a tape alert Error. This occurs every day, on the same job. The error is: Job 'Inventory Daily ********' has reported Multiple Tape Alerts on server '******' Please refer to job log *****.xml for more information. When i look at the Job log, the Utility Job Information says: The device has reported the following TapeAlert diagnostic information Information- The library has been manually turned offline and is unavailable for use. Robotic library for device: PV132T 500 Warning - Library security has been compromised. Robotic Library for device: PV132T 500. Critical - The library has detected a inconsistency in its inventory. 1.Redo the library inventory to correct the inconsistency. 2. Restart the operation. Check the applications users manual or hardware users manual for specific instructions on redoing the library inventory. Roboric Library for Device PV132T 500. When I run the same inventory for a second time, the job completes successfully. I am using Symantec Backup Exec 12 running on Windows Server 2008. I am using a Dell Powervault 132T 500 tape drive. If anyone can help me on how to resolve this problem, it would be very much appreciated.

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• Microsoft Licensing Scenario/Questions [closed]

  - by user17455

  Possible Duplicate: Can you help me with my software licensing question? I am a member of a team developing a third party application (APP) that listens for and services connections from remote devices via TCP. Also, some of these remote devices allow 1 or more users to interact with the remote device. On some of the remote devices, it is impossible for a user to interact with the device. The user/remote device makes no use of any Windows Server service - not DHCP, not IIS, not File Server, not Print Serer, not AD. The remote device's only connection to the Windows Server machine is through the APP's TCP ports. Our company has no interaction with Microsoft. We do not have a Microsoft sales team. Past inquiries have determined that it is cheaper for us to buy Microsoft software (and CALs) retail than to enter into any kind of "arrangement" with Microsoft. I have many questions about SQL Server CALs and Windows Server 2008 CALs. How can I obtain authoritative/legally binding answers? I am not looking for FREE legal advice. I AM looking for FREE advice about who/what/where I can responsibly spend my money to get meaningful information. I fear that passing this on to the local company law firm will just mean that I will be paying them to educate themselves on Microsoft licensing. And if that's like writing code to a new Microsoft API - they are not going to get it right the first time. Going to Microsoft for answers sounds like swimming up to a hungry shark and asking "One leg or two?" I am hoping someone has been down this road before and knows a law firm/lawyer that is experienced in these matters. Any help/suggestion welcome. Thanks.

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• Fedora 15: em1 recently dissapeared and hostapd no longer serves internet to wirelessly connected devices

  - by Daniel K

  I have a laptop running hostapd, phpd, and mysql. This laptop uses an Ethernet connection to connect to the internet and acts as a wireless access point for my workplace's wifi devices. After installing some software and reconnecting my Ethernet elsewhere, my "em1" device is no longer present and wirelessly connected devices can no longer reach the internet. The software I recently installed is: pptp, pptpd, and updated some fedora libraries. I have also recently moved my desk and laptop to another location and thus had to reconnect the Ethernet elsewhere. Wifi devices no longer have access to the internet. Wirelessly connected devices are able to successfully log into the laptop, showing full strength, correct SSID, and uses the proper password. However, when I tried to connect to a site like google, the request times out. The device "em1" also no longer appears on my machine. Running: # ifup em1 will give me the following output: ERROR : [/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifup-eth] Device em1 does not seem to be present, delaying initialization. And running: # dhclient em1 has the following output: Cannot find device "em1" When I run # dmesg|grep renamed, I get the following: renamed network interface eth0 to p4p1. I've tried to connect to the internet through p4p1 directly from the laptop and was successful. However, my wireless devices connected to my laptop are not able to connect to the internet. I have uninstalled pptp and pptpd using # yum erase ... but the problem still persists. To install pptp I used: # yum install pptp To install pptpd I did the following: # rpm -Uvh http://poptop.sourceforge.net/yum/stable/fc15/pptp-release-current.noarch.rpm # yum install pptpd To update my fedora libraries I used: # yum check-update # yum update EDIT: Running # route produces the following results: Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface default 10.11.200.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 p4p1 10.11.200.0 * 255.255.252.0 U 0 0 0 p4p1 172.16.100.0 * 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 wlan0

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• Debian Bluetooth headphones not working

  - by cYrus

  Hardware Headphones Bluetooth dongle Maybe not exactly these models. Setup I tried to follow some guides, here's what I've done so far: Install software: sudo apt-get install bluez-utils bluez-alsa Reboot (just to be sure): $ dmesg | grep -i bluetooth [ 20.268212] Bluetooth: Core ver 2.16 [ 20.268230] Bluetooth: HCI device and connection manager initialized [ 20.268233] Bluetooth: HCI socket layer initialized [ 20.268235] Bluetooth: L2CAP socket layer initialized [ 20.268239] Bluetooth: SCO socket layer initialized [ 20.284685] Bluetooth: RFCOMM TTY layer initialized [ 20.284692] Bluetooth: RFCOMM socket layer initialized [ 20.284693] Bluetooth: RFCOMM ver 1.11 [ 20.335375] Bluetooth: BNEP (Ethernet Emulation) ver 1.3 [ 20.335378] Bluetooth: BNEP filters: protocol multicast The deamon is running: $ /etc/init.d/bluetooth status [ ok ] bluetooth is running. Plug the dongle: $ dmesg | tail [...] [23108.352034] usb 5-2: new full-speed USB device number 2 using ohci_hcd [23108.571131] usb 5-2: New USB device found, idVendor=0a12, idProduct=0001 [23108.571136] usb 5-2: New USB device strings: Mfr=0, Product=0, SerialNumber=0 [23108.629042] usbcore: registered new interface driver btusb Put the headphones in pairing mode, and try scanning: $ hcitool scan Scanning ... Found nothing. What's next? What should I try? I'll update this answer as soon as you provide me hints.

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• Error when installing wubi on windows 7

  - by P'sao

  Im installing ubuntu on windows 7(wubi 11.10): when its nearly done it gives me this error in the log file: Usage: /cygdrive/c/Users/Psao/AppData/Local/Temp/pyl10D2.tmp/bin/resize2fs.exe -f C:/ubuntu/disks/root.disk 17744M [-d debug_flags] [-f] [-F] [-p] device [new_size] Traceback (most recent call last): File "\lib\wubi\backends\common\tasklist.py", line 197, in __call__ File "\lib\wubi\backends\win32\backend.py", line 461, in expand_diskimage File "\lib\wubi\backends\common\utils.py", line 66, in run_command Exception: Error executing command >>command=C:\Users\P'sao\AppData\Local\Temp\pyl10D2.tmp\bin\resize2fs.exe -f C:\ubuntu\disks\root.disk 17744M >>retval=1 >>stderr= >>stdout=resize2fs 1.40.6 (09-Feb-2008) Usage: /cygdrive/c/Users/Psao/AppData/Local/Temp/pyl10D2.tmp/bin/resize2fs.exe -f C:/ubuntu/disks/root.disk 17744M [-d debug_flags] [-f] [-F] [-p] device [new_size] 10-25 20:31 DEBUG TaskList: # Cancelling tasklist 10-25 20:31 DEBUG TaskList: # Finished tasklist 10-25 20:31 ERROR root: Error executing command >>command=C:\Users\P'sao\AppData\Local\Temp\pyl10D2.tmp\bin\resize2fs.exe -f C:\ubuntu\disks\root.disk 17744M >>retval=1 >>stderr= >>stdout=resize2fs 1.40.6 (09-Feb-2008) Usage: /cygdrive/c/Users/Psao/AppData/Local/Temp/pyl10D2.tmp/bin/resize2fs.exe -f C:/ubuntu/disks/root.disk 17744M [-d debug_flags] [-f] [-F] [-p] device [new_size] Traceback (most recent call last): File "\lib\wubi\application.py", line 58, in run File "\lib\wubi\application.py", line 132, in select_task File "\lib\wubi\application.py", line 158, in run_installer File "\lib\wubi\backends\common\tasklist.py", line 197, in __call__ File "\lib\wubi\backends\win32\backend.py", line 461, in expand_diskimage File "\lib\wubi\backends\common\utils.py", line 66, in run_command Exception: Error executing command >>command=C:\Users\P'sao\AppData\Local\Temp\pyl10D2.tmp\bin\resize2fs.exe -f C:\ubuntu\disks\root.disk 17744M >>retval=1 >>stderr= >>stdout=resize2fs 1.40.6 (09-Feb-2008) Usage: /cygdrive/c/Users/Psao/AppData/Local/Temp/pyl10D2.tmp/bin/resize2fs.exe -f C:/ubuntu/disks/root.disk 17744M [-d debug_flags] [-f] [-F] [-p] device [new_size] can some one help me?

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• Wake-on-lan only works so many times

  - by Chance

  I have Wake-on-lan configured on my Windows XP machine so that the computer will wake up from Standby. Waking the computer from Standby via network traffic seems to work a certain number of times, say 4 or 5, then it stops working. If I restart the computer it seems to reset this behavior so that I can use WOL a few more times before it starts working. I use the command "wol" on my other, Linux machine with the appropriate IP address and MAC address of the card. I looked at the network card to see if it had different lights when WOL worked and when it didn't. When it has a solid amber light where the ethernet cable connects, WOL seems to work. When it has a flashing amber light, WOL does not. It seems that the system seems to almost "shut off" the card when it falls to sleep, but I don't know if this is a function of time or number of standby/wakeups. I have a 3Com 3c920 network card. If I look at the properties in Device Manager, I have "Allow this Device to bring the Computer out of Standby" checked. In the Advanced tab I have anything related to RWU (Remote Wake Up) enabled. I also believe I have the appropriate settings in BIOS related to Remote Wake-Up and I have tried both S1 and S3 power configurations in the BIOS. Intuitively, I would think I would uncheck "Allow the Computer to turn off this device to save power", but doing so disables the "Allow this Device to bring the Computer out of Standby" option. Does anyone know what is happening here or if there is a way to fix it? I have an integrated network card; would getting one that goes into a slot be better? I am running Windows XP on a Dell Optiplex GX240 with a 3Com 3c920 network card.

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• Hard Disk Not Counting Reallocated Sectors

  - by MetaNova

  I have a drive that is reporting that the current pending sectors is "45". I have used badblocks to identify the sectors and I have been trying to write zeros to them with dd. From what I understand, when I attempt writing data directly to the bad sectors, it should trigger a reallocation, reducing current pending sectors by one and increasing the reallocated sector count. However, on this disk both Reallocated_Sector_Ct and Reallocated_Event_Count raw values are 0, and dd fails with I/O errors when I attempt to write zeros to the bad sectors. dd works fine, however, when I write to a good sector. # dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sdb bs=512 count=1 seek=217152 dd: error writing ‘/dev/sdb’: Input/output error Does this mean that my drive, in some way, has no spare sectors to be used for reallocation? Is my drive just in general a terrible person? (The drive isn't actually mine, I'm helping a friend out. They might have just gotten a cheap drive or something.) In case it is relevant, here is the output of smartctl -i : Model Family: Western Digital Caviar Green (AF) Device Model: WDC WD15EARS-00Z5B1 Serial Number: WD-WMAVU3027748 LU WWN Device Id: 5 0014ee 25998d213 Firmware Version: 80.00A80 User Capacity: 1,500,301,910,016 bytes [1.50 TB] Sector Size: 512 bytes logical/physical Device is: In smartctl database [for details use: -P show] ATA Version is: ATA8-ACS (minor revision not indicated) SATA Version is: SATA 2.6, 3.0 Gb/s Local Time is: Fri Oct 18 17:47:29 2013 CDT SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability. SMART support is: Enabled UPDATE: I have run shred on the disk, which has caused Current_Pending_Sector to go to zero. However, Reallocated_Sector_Ct and Reallocated_Event_Count are still zero, and dd is now able to write data to the sectors it was previously unable to. This leads me with several other questions: Why aren't the reallocations being recored by the disk? I'm assuming the reallocation took place as I can now write data directly to the sector and couldn't before. Why did shred cause reallocation and not dd? Does the fact that shred writes random data instead of just zeros make a difference?

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• Changing the default boot option without losing the boot menu

  - by hvd

  I've had a working multi-boot setup with the Windows boot loader, containing menu items for two Windows 7 systems, and one for Grub. Grub in turn contains multiple menu items, but I think that's not relevant here. I've upgraded one system to Windows 8. When I now set a different system as the default, I lose the boot menu, and I lose the possibility of booting into the other systems. I've set Windows 7 as the default, rebooted, and get Windows 7, but I don't get to choose which system to boot into. I can run its own bcdedit to change the default back to Windows 8, and another reboot shows the boot menu again, but how can I avoid defaulting to Windows 8? Here are my current boot settings, is there anything that is misconfigured? C:\WINDOWS\system32>bcdedit Windows Boot Manager -------------------- identifier {bootmgr} device partition=F: description Windows Boot Manager locale nl-NL inherit {globalsettings} integrityservices Enable default {current} resumeobject {2f8b77f0-a30b-11e1-a9c6-a4bd8d37f662} displayorder {current} {2f8b77e3-a30b-11e1-a9c6-a4bd8d37f662} {2f8b77ee-a30b-11e1-a9c6-a4bd8d37f662} toolsdisplayorder {memdiag} timeout 30 Windows Boot Loader ------------------- identifier {current} device partition=C: path \WINDOWS\system32\winload.exe description Windows 8 locale nl-NL inherit {bootloadersettings} integrityservices Enable recoveryenabled No allowedinmemorysettings 0x15000075 osdevice partition=C: systemroot \WINDOWS resumeobject {2f8b77f0-a30b-11e1-a9c6-a4bd8d37f662} nx OptIn bootmenupolicy Standard Windows Boot Loader ------------------- identifier {2f8b77e3-a30b-11e1-a9c6-a4bd8d37f662} device partition=D: path \Windows\system32\winload.exe description Windows 7 locale nl-NL osdevice partition=D: systemroot \Windows resumeobject {59616f59-a2ba-11e1-b73a-806e6f6e6963} nx OptIn pae Default bootmenupolicy Standard hypervisorlaunchtype Auto detecthal Yes sos No debug No Real-mode Boot Sector --------------------- identifier {2f8b77ee-a30b-11e1-a9c6-a4bd8d37f662} device partition=C: path \grub\winloader\grub.boot description Grub 2

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• Why can't I use my Bluetooth Headset with my laptop?

  - by Michael Haren

  I just received a new Plantronics M50 bluetooth headset. It works great with my phone, but I can't get it working with my laptop. What are the things I should be checking? Here's what I've done so far: It pairs successfully: It's not in multipoint mode--it's only paired to my laptop I've installed all available drivers from Plantronics and Dell I have no (!) in Device Manager (though I don't see the headset there either--would I?) I can "configure" the headset by double clicking on it: "Allow the computer to turn off this device to save power" is unchecked in the Bluetooth radio settings Apps that let me choose the playback/mic device only list my laptop, not the headset [UPDATE] I went into the Bluetooth device's properties and Checked "headset" under the services tab. This was successful but hasn't delivered any functionality as far as I can tell I'd like to use this headset for VOIP conferencing (Goto meeting, Gmail voice chat, G+ hangouts, Skype, etc.) and listening to music (iTunes). Where else should I be digging? Is it possible that this new headset is simply not compatible with computers (i.e. it's only compatible with phones)?

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• Missing Boot Manager in Vista

  - by Selase

  I am in really deep trouble here and would need advice. A message just pop up on my screen and I had to restart my laptop. Upon restarting the Boot Manager got corrupted. I am running Windows Vista 32 bit by the way. I got onto Google with a friend's PC and found two basic ways of fixing it. The first one that requires Windows to automatically fix it using Startup repair ends up with the error message: Startup REpair cannot repair this computer automatically The second option that requires me to rebuild the BCD scans my system and finds the operating system on drive D:\Windows which I believe should be C:. If I hit Y(yes) for the rebuild process to take place I get the message The required system device cannot be found I then try the second option which requires me to recreate the BCD Store. It ends up with an error message that says: The store export operation has failed. The requested system device cannot be found Proceeding from there is meaningless since the system device cannot be found. I somehow believe the device cannot be found because it's identifying the Windows installation on D: instead of C: but how to change that I have no idea. I don't know how it happens to identify an operating system on D: when there's none there. How do I go about fixing the Boot Manager? I have very important files on my system and can't afford to reinstall Windows. I really need to fix this.

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• Booting Ubuntu as VM with KVM on Ubuntu 12.04

  - by CrazycodeMonkey

  I am trying to boot my very first VM using KVM. I have Ubuntu 12.04 installed, i made sure the BIOS had the right virtualization flag enabled for intel processor by running kvm-ok. I have researched this on google and all the instructions that i have found so far are outdated. for e.g. most instructions talk about booting a virtual machine with the following commands qemu-img create -f qcow2 foo.img 100G --- create a virtual disk for your VM kvm --name foo -m 1024 -hda foo.img -cdrom whatever.iso -boot d -- This runs kvm. This command line is incomplete. First you need to be root to run this. Second- it is missing option for the video device. When you run this command you get the following error "Could not initialize SDL(No available video device) - exiting" Googled this error and looked it up on stackover flow http://stackoverflow.com/questions/4841908/sdl-init-failure-reason-is-no-available-video-device The answer provided here does not work on Ubuntu 12.04 Googled this problem further and found out that i need to specify a video device so I finally ran the following command sudo kvm --name mymachine -m 8096 -hda myimage.img --cdrom ubuntu.iso -boot d -vga cirruss -k en-us -vmc :0 This was after I had created the myimage.img image on the drive. Now this command does not give me an error but it just hangs. Does anyone have clear instructions on how to run a VM using KVM on Ubuntu?

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• Does Guest WiFi on an Access Point make any sense? [migrated]

  - by Jason

  I have a Belkin WiFi Router which offers a feature of a secondary Guest Access WiFi network. Of course, the idea is that the Guest network doesn't have access to the computers/devices on the main network. I also have a Comcast-issues Cable Modem/Router device with mutliple wired ports, but no WiFi-capabilities. I prefer to only run one router/DHCP/NAT instead of both the Comcast Router and the Belkin Router, so I can disable the Routing functions of the Belkin and allow the Comcast Router to But if I disable the Routing functions of the Belkin device, the Guest WiFi network is still available. Is this configuration just as secure as when the Belkin acts as a Router? I guess the question comes down to this: Do Guest WiFi's provide security by 1) only allowing requests to IPs found in-front of the device, or do they work by 2) disallowing requests to IPs on the same subnet? 1) Would mean that Guest WiFi on an access point provides no benefit 2) Would mean that the Guest WiFi functionality can work even if the device is just an access point. Or maybe something else entirely?

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• grub refuses to install to raid array

  - by ronno

  I have a software raid 0 setup with dual booting Windows 7 and Ubuntu 12.04. The GRUB bootloader that is already on the hard drive seems to work fine. However, since the latest package update for grub, it refuses to install the new version to the hard disk. grub-install throws the following error: /usr/sbin/grub-probe: error: cannot find a GRUB drive for /dev/mapper/< raid name_RAID0p9. Check your device.map. Auto-detection of a filesystem of /dev/mapper/< raid name_RAID0p9 failed. Try with --recheck. If the problem persists please report this together with the output of "/usr/sbin/grub-probe --device-map="/boot/grub/device.map" --target=fs -v /boot/grub" to < [email protected] update-grub pops the same "/usr/sbin/grub-probe: error: cannot find a GRUB drive for /dev/mapper/< raid name_RAID0p9. Check your device.map." every alternate line. I don't understand what exactly is going on. I'm afraid to reinstall the grub package because it might mess up the boot, which currently works fine. Is it safe to just ignore this?

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• Latitude D600 USB port problem

  - by Moab

  Both USB ports stopped communicating on my D600, they have power, my optical mouse still lights up, no device works on the ports, everything is fine in Device manager in Dual boot XP and W7. Checked the bios, not much in there for USB. No usb device shows up when I use the F12 boot device menu either, so it must be some hardware issue. I have another hard drive with Ubuntu on it, popped it in and USB does not communicate with it either. Appears to have 5v but no communication, any Ideas besides another motherboard or USB card for the pcmcia slot (these don't work to well from my research)? I mostly use them for mass storage devices and pcmcia slots don't supply enough power for these devices. Thanks to all who answer with last ditch efforts. I hate to give up on it, its been good to me and still runs rather well for its vintage. EDIT: I did inspect the ports with a flashlight and did a partial disassembly of the laptop in an attempt to check the solder joints, but would require complete motherboard removal to see them, that is where I stopped. .

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• Laptop Synaptics Touchpad No Longer Functional After Windows 7 Upgrade

  - by Chance

  I have a Toshiba laptop, with an integral Synaptics (PS/2 port) touch pad, that I bought pre-installed with 32-bit Windows Vista. After doing a clean install of 32-bit Windows 7, I can no longer get the touch pad to respond. The function (FN) keys on the laptop still operate correctly, but they no longer display on screen when used. I have no way of knowing if the function key to enable / disable the touch pad is working correctly, although the function keys for dim / brighten display, as well as others, work fine. I have removed the device from the device manager and allowed it to reinstall with no success. I have removed the previous drivers and updated them with the current 32-bit Win7 compatible versions from Synaptics website, with no success. The Synaptics icon displays in the taskbar, and the touch pad is available in the Device Manager, both of which say the device is installed and working correctly. I have checked to make sure that the touch pad is enabled in the Synaptics menu, and have tried toggling enabled / disabled with no success. If anyone has any suggestions, or knows where I can find a solution, I would be very appreciative.

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• Sound doesn't work anymore after replacing RAM

  - by thejh

  Hello, today, I replaced one old RAM module with two newer, bigger ones, but now, the sound doesn't seem to work anymore. Already ran alsaconf and it didn't help. Output of lspci for the audio device: 00:07.0 Audio device: nVidia Corporation MCP67 High Definition Audio (rev a1) Subsystem: Giga-byte Technology Device a002 Control: I/O- Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx- Status: Cap+ 66MHz+ UDF- FastB2B+ ParErr- DEVSEL=fast >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx- Latency: 0 (500ns min, 1250ns max) Interrupt: pin A routed to IRQ 21 Region 0: Memory at f5100000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16K] Capabilities: [44] Power Management version 2 Flags: PMEClk- DSI- D1- D2- AuxCurrent=0mA PME(D0-,D1-,D2-,D3hot+,D3cold+) Status: D0 PME-Enable- DSel=0 DScale=0 PME- Capabilities: [50] Message Signalled Interrupts: Mask+ 64bit+ Queue=0/0 Enable- Address: 0000000000000000 Data: 0000 Masking: 00000000 Pending: 00000000 Capabilities: [6c] HyperTransport: MSI Mapping Enable+ Fixed+ Kernel driver in use: HDA Intel Kernel modules: snd-hda-intel The audio device is onboard and has six configurable outputs, two or so are also capable of being an input (if I remember it correctly), but I don't know how to control it under linux. Does somebody know how/whether replacing the RAM could be related to my problem and/or how to fix it?

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• Why am I unable to mount my USB drive (unknown partition table)?

  - by Pat

  I'm a real newbie to linux. Anyway the problem is that my USB doesn't get recognized anymore which is really annoying because I need information from it. I've read like a zillion threads how to manually mount it but I really can't it to work. I hope it's just some easy, stupid problem where any of you could help me out quickly.. Here is the syslog: kernel: [ 6872.420125] usb 2-2: new high-speed USB device number 11 using ehci_hcd mtp-probe: checking bus 2, device 11: "/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.7/usb2/2-2" kernel: [ 6872.556295] scsi8 : usb-storage 2-2:1.0 mtp-probe: bus: 2, device: 11 was not an MTP device kernel: [ 6873.558081] scsi 8:0:0:0: Direct-Access SanDisk Cruzer 8.01 PQ: 0 ANSI: 0 CCS kernel: [ 6873.559964] sd 8:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg3 type 0 kernel: [ 6873.562833] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdc] 15682559 512-byte logical blocks: (8.02 GB/7.47 GiB) kernel: [ 6873.564867] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdc] Write Protect is off kernel: [ 6873.564878] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdc] Mode Sense: 45 00 00 08 kernel: [ 6873.565485] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdc] No Caching mode page present kernel: [ 6873.565495] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdc] Assuming drive cache: write through kernel: [ 6873.568377] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdc] No Caching mode page present kernel: [ 6873.568387] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdc] Assuming drive cache: write through kernel: [ 6873.574330] sdc: unknown partition table kernel: [ 6873.576853] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdc] No Caching mode page present kernel: [ 6873.576863] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdc] Assuming drive cache: write through kernel: [ 6873.576871] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdc] Attached SCSI removable disk Thanks in advance

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• Reread partition table without rebooting?

  - by Teddy

  Sometimes, when resizing or otherwise mucking about with partitions on a disk, cfdisk will say: Wrote partition table, but re-read table failed. Reboot to update table. (This also happens with other partitioning tools, so I'm thinking this is a Linux issue rather than a cfdisk issue.) Why is this, and why does it only happens sometimes, and what can I do to avoid it? Note: Please assume that none of the partitions I am actually editing are opened, mounted or otherwise in use. Update: cfdisk uses ioctl(fd, BLKRRPART, NULL) to tell Linux to reread the partition table. Two of the other tools recommended so far (hdparm -z DEVICE, sfdisk -R DEVICE) does exactly the same thing. The partprobe DEVICE command, on the other hand, seems to use a new ioctl called BLKPG, which might be better; I don't know. (It also falls back on BLKRRPART if BLKPG fails.) BLKPG seems to be a "this partition has changed; here is the new size" operation, and it looked like partprobe called it individually on all the partitions on the device passed, so it should work if the individual partitions are unused. However, I have not had the opportunity to try it.

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• Why is there an extra HDD under /dev being added in my Linux Kernel?

  - by user1279156

  I have created a Linux kernel and for some reason an extra drive is always added at bootup. My hard drive is listed as /dev/sdb. /dev/sda is created too, and it is 8 MB in size. I can't find anything in the kernel config that is creating this, but if I use a different kernel it is not there. Kernel logs show it as an attached SCSI device, looks just like my hard drive but only 8 MB, and has no partition table. It also doesn't appear to be a physical device. I've tried the kernel on many different models of PCs and it is always there. Does anyone know how to remove it? /dev/disk/by-id gives me: scsi-1AMCC_U21413034D98EB000584 scsi-1AMCC_U21413034D98EB000584-part1 scsi-353333330000007d0 scsi-SATA_ST3250312AS_5VY7SH42 scsi-SATA_WDC_WD800JD-60L_WD-WMAM9Y085675 scsi-SATA_WDC_WD800JD-60L_WD-WMAM9Y085675-part1 scsi-SATA_WDC_WD800JD-60L_WD-WMAM9Y085675-part2 hdparm -i /dev/sda gives me an "invalid argument". dd if=/dev/sda of=sda.img the resulting file does not have any content sdparm results: /dev/sda: Linux scsi_debug 0004 Device identification VPD page: Addressed logical unit: designator type: T10 vendor identification, code set: ASCII vendor id: Linux vendor specific: scsi_debug 2000 designator type: NAA, code set: Binary 0x53333330000007d0 Target port: designator type: Relative target port, code set: Binary transport: Serial Attached SCSI (SAS) Relative target port: 0x1 designator type: NAA, code set: Binary transport: Serial Attached SCSI (SAS) 0x52222220000007ce designator type: Target port group, code set: Binary transport: Serial Attached SCSI (SAS) Target port group: 0x100 Target device that contains addressed lu: designator type: NAA, code set: Binary transport: Serial Attached SCSI (SAS) 0x52222220000007cd designator type: SCSI name string, code set: UTF-8 transport: Serial Attached SCSI (SAS) SCSI name string: naa.52222220000007CD

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• Failed Software RAID0 on Linux - Attempting to recover data

  - by Gizmo_the_Great

  I have a two disk RAID0 software raid (not hardware raid) that is reported to have failed during boot and my OS won't start. Using a Live CD, I get the following output : sudo mdadm -E /dev/sdc1 /dev/sdd1 /dev/sdc1: Magic : a92b4efc Version : 1.2 Feature Map : 0x0 Array UUID : 3710713d:fb301031:84b61247:d1d53e0f Name : HP-xw9300:0 Creation Time : Sun Sep 1 15:22:26 2013 Raid Level : -unknown- Raid Devices : 0 Avail Dev Size : 1465145328 (698.64 GiB 750.15 GB) Data Offset : 16 sectors Super Offset : 8 sectors State : active Device UUID : ad427cd2:9f885f57:7f41015f:90f8f6af Update Time : Sun Jun 8 12:35:11 2014 Checksum : a37407ff - correct Events : 1 Device Role : spare Array State : ('A' == active, '.' == missing) /dev/sdd1: Magic : a92b4efc Version : 1.2 Feature Map : 0x0 Array UUID : 3710713d:fb301031:84b61247:d1d53e0f Name : HP-xw9300:0 Creation Time : Sun Sep 1 15:22:26 2013 Raid Level : -unknown- Raid Devices : 0 Avail Dev Size : 976771056 (465.76 GiB 500.11 GB) Data Offset : 16 sectors Super Offset : 8 sectors State : active Device UUID : 2ea0199d:cb08d9e7:0830448a:a1e1e348 Update Time : Sun Jun 8 13:06:19 2014 Checksum : 8883c492 - correct Events : 1 Device Role : spare Array State : ('A' == active, '.' == missing) GParted lists both disks, detects the flags as 'Raid' and lists the data usage. Can anyone please help me re-assemble just so that I can copy some of the data off that I have not backed up recently? Thanks

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• Hungry hungry BIOS: why do I have less than 4 GiB of memory?

  - by Rhymoid

  I thought I had 4 GiB of memory, but just to be sure, let's ask the BIOS about that: ?: sudo dmidecode --type 20 # dmidecode 2.12 SMBIOS 2.6 present. Handle 0x000B, DMI type 20, 19 bytes Memory Device Mapped Address Starting Address: 0x00000000000 Ending Address: 0x0007FFFFFFF Range Size: 2 GB Physical Device Handle: 0x000A Memory Array Mapped Address Handle: 0x000E Partition Row Position: Unknown Interleave Position: Unknown Interleaved Data Depth: Unknown Handle 0x000D, DMI type 20, 19 bytes Memory Device Mapped Address Starting Address: 0x00080000000 Ending Address: 0x000FFFFFFFF Range Size: 2 GB Physical Device Handle: 0x000C Memory Array Mapped Address Handle: 0x000E Partition Row Position: Unknown Interleave Position: Unknown Interleaved Data Depth: Unknown Alright, 4 GiB it is. But I can't use all of it: ?: cat /proc/meminfo | head -n 1 MemTotal: 3913452 kB Somehow, somewhere, I lost 274 MiB. Where did 6% of my memory go? Now I know the address ranges in DMI are incorrect, because the ACPI memory map reports usable ranges well beyond the ending address of the second memory module: ?: dmesg | grep -E "BIOS-e820: .* usable" [ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000000000000-0x000000000009e7ff] usable [ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000000100000-0x00000000dee7bfff] usable [ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000100000000-0x0000000117ffffff] usable I get pretty much the same info from /proc/iomem (except for the 4 kiB hole 0x000-0xFFF), which also shows that the kernel only accounts for less than 8 MiB. I guess 0x00000000-0x7FFFFFFF is indeed mapped to the first memory module, and 0x80000000-0xDFFFFFFF to part of the second memory module (a bunch of ACPI NVS things live between 0xDEE7C000 and 0xDEF30FFF, and the remaining 16-something MiB of that range are just 'reserved'). I guess the highest 0x18000000 bytes of the second memory module are mapped above the 4 GiB mark. But even then, there are two problems: 128 MiB (0x08000000 bytes, living somewhere between 0xE0000000 and 0xFFFFFFFF) are still completely unaccounted for. To note, my graphics card is on PCI-Express and (allegedly) has 1 GiB dedicated memory, so that shouldn't be the culprit. Did the BIOS screw up in moving the memory, leaving it partially shadowed by MMIO? Even with this mediocre explanation, I only 'found' 128 MiB. But /proc/meminfo is reporting a much larger deficit; where's the other 146 MiB? How does Linux count MemTotal?

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