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• Message queue proxy in Python + Twisted

  - by gasper_k

  Hi, I want to implement a lightweight Message Queue proxy. It's job is to receive messages from a web application (PHP) and send them to the Message Queue server asynchronously. The reason for this proxy is that the MQ isn't always avaliable and is sometimes lagging, or even down, but I want to make sure the messages are delivered, and the web application returns immediately. So, PHP would send the message to the MQ proxy running on the same host. That proxy would save the messages to SQLite for persistence, in case of crashes. At the same time it would send the messages from SQLite to the MQ in batches when the connection is available, and delete them from SQLite. Now, the way I understand, there are these components in this service: message listener (listens to the messages from PHP and writes them to a Incoming Queue) DB flusher (reads messages from the Incoming Queue and saves them to a database; due to SQLite single-threadedness) MQ connection handler (keeps the connection to the MQ server online by reconnecting) message sender (collects messages from SQlite db and sends them to the MQ server, then removes them from db) I was thinking of using Twisted for #1 (TCPServer), but I'm having problem with integrating it with other points, which aren't event-driven. Intuition tells me that each of these points should be running in a separate thread, because all are IO-bound and independent of each other, but I could easily put them in a single thread. Even though, I couldn't find any good and clear (to me) examples on how to implement this worker thread aside of Twisted's main loop. The example I've started with is the chatserver.py, which uses service.Application and internet.TCPServer objects. If I start my own thread prior to creating TCPServer service, it runs a few times, but the it stops and never runs again. I'm not sure, why this is happening, but it's probably because I don't use threads with Twisted correctly. Any suggestions on how to implement a separate worker thread and keep Twisted? Do you have any alternative architectures in mind?

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• Replace text in file with Python

  - by Aaron Hoffman

  I'm trying to replace some text in a file with a value. Everything works fine but when I look at the file after its completed there is a new (blank) line after each line in the file. Is there something I can do to prevent this from happening. Here is the code as I have it: import fileinput for line in fileinput.FileInput("testfile.txt",inplace=1): line = line.replace("newhost",host) print line Thank you, Aaron

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• Python large variable RAM useage

  - by PPTim

  Hi, Say there is a dict variable that grows very large during runtime- up into millions of key:value pairs. Does this variable get stored in RAM,effectively using up all the available memory and slowing down the rest of the system? Asking the interpreter to display the entire dict is a bad idea, but would it be okay as long as one key is accessed at a time? Tim

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• Disadvantage of Python eggs?

  - by Jorge

  Are there any disadvantages about using eggs through easy-install compared to the "traditional" packages/modules/libs?

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• Python PyQT4 - Adding an unknown number of QComboBox widgets to QGridLayout

  - by ZZ

  Hi all, I want to retrieve a list of people's names from a queue and, for each person, place a checkbox with their name to a QGridLayout using the addWidget() function. I can successfully place the items in a QListView, but they just write over the top of each other rather than creating a new row. Does anyone have any thoughts on how I could fix this? self.chk_People = QtGui.QListView() items = self.jobQueue.getPeopleOffQueue() for item in items: QtGui.QCheckBox('%s' % item, self.chk_People) self.jobQueue.getPeopleOffQueue() would return something like ['Bob', 'Sally', 'Jimmy'] if that helps.

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• Python alignment of assignments (style)

  - by ikaros45

  I really like following style standards, as those specified in PEP 8. I have a linter that checks it automatically, and definitely my code is much better because of that. There is just one point in PEP 8, the E251 & E221 don't feel very good. Coming from a JavaScript background, I used to align the variable assignments as following: var var1 = 1234; var2 = 54; longer_name = 'hi'; var lol = { 'that' : 65, 'those' : 87, 'other_thing' : true }; And in my humble opinion, this improves readability dramatically. Problem is, this is dis-recommended by PEP 8. With dictionaries, is not that bad because spaces are allowed after the colon: dictionary = { 'something': 98, 'some_other_thing': False } I can "live" with variable assignments without alignment, but what I don't like at all is not to be able to pass named arguments in a function call, like this: some_func(length= 40, weight= 900, lol= 'troll', useless_var= True, intelligence=None) So, what I end up doing is using a dictionary, as following: specs = { 'length': 40, 'weight': 900, 'lol': 'troll', 'useless_var': True, 'intelligence': None } some_func(**specs) or just simply some_func(**{'length': 40, 'weight': 900, 'lol': 'troll', 'useless_var': True, 'intelligence': None}) But I have the feeling this work around is just worse than ignoring the PEP 8 E251 / E221. What is the best practice?

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• How to disassembly an object creation in Python?

  - by systempuntoout

  Having a class like this: class Spam(object): def __init__(self, name=''): self.name = name eggs = Spam('systempuntoout') Using dis, is it possible to see how an instance of a class and the rispective identity are created?

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• how to create a dynamic sql statement w/ python and mysqldb

  - by Elias Bachaalany

  I have the following code: def sql_exec(self, sql_stmt, args = tuple()): """ Executes an SQL statement and returns a cursor. An SQL exception might be raised on error @return: SQL cursor object """ cursor = self.conn.cursor() if self.__debug_sql: try: print "sql_exec: " % (sql_stmt % args) except: print "sql_exec: " % sql_stmt cursor.execute(sql_stmt, args) return cursor def test(self, limit = 0): result = sql_exec(""" SELECT * FROM table """ + ("LIMIT %s" if limit else ""), (limit, )) while True: row = result.fetchone() if not row: break print row result.close() How can I nicely write test() so it works with or without 'limit' without having to write two queries?

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• Compute divergence of vector field using python

  - by nyvltak

  Is there a function that could be used for calculation of the divergence of the vectorial field? (in matlab http://www.mathworks.ch/help/techdoc/ref/divergence.html) I would expect it exists in numpy/scipy but I can not find it using google :(. # I need to calculate div[A * grad(F)], where F = np.array([[1,2,3,4],[5,6,7,8]]) (2D numpy ndarray) A = np.array([[1,2,3,4],[1,2,3,4]]) (2D numpy ndarray) so grad(F) is a set of 2D ndarrays # I know, I can calculate divergence like this: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Divergence#Application_in_Cartesian_coordinates but do not want to reinvent the wheel. (and also I expent there is some optimized function)

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• Python: Beginning problems

  - by Blogger

  ok so basically i very new to programming and have no idea how to go about these problems help if you will ^^ Numerologists claim to be able to determine a person’s character traits based on the “numeric value” of a name. The value of a name is determined by summing up the values of the letters of the name, where ‘a’ is 1, ‘b’ is 2, ‘c’ is 3 etc., up to ‘z’ being 26. For example, the name “Zelle” would have the value 26 + 5 + 12 + 12 + 5 = 60 (which happens to be a very suspicious number, by the way). Write a program that calculates the numeric value of a single name provided as input. Word count. A common utility on Unix/Linux systems is a small program called “wc”. This program counts the number of lines, words (strings of characters separated by blanks, tabs, or new lines), and characters in a file. Write your own version of this program. The program should accept a file name as input and then print three numbers showing the count of lines, words, and characters in the file.

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• How to substitute into a regular expression group in Python

  - by peter

  >>> s = 'foo: "apples", bar: "oranges"' >>> pattern = 'foo: "(.*)"' I want to be able to substitute into the group like this: >>> re.sub(pattern, 'pears', s, group=1) 'foo: "pears", bar: "oranges"' Is there a nice way to do this?

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• Python Script to check website for a tag

  - by LinuxGnut

  Hello all. I'm trying to figure out how to go about writing a website monitoring script (cron job in the end) to open up a given URL, check to see if a tag exists, and if the tag does not exist, or doesn't contain the expected data, then to write some to a log file, or to send an e-mail. The tag would be something like or something relatively similar. Anyone have any ideas?

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• Running a Python script outside of Django

  - by geejay

  I have a script which uses the Django ORM features, amongst other external libraries, that I want to run outside of Django (that is, executed from the command-line). Edit: At the moment, I can launch it by navigating to a URL... How do I setup the environment for this?

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• Queuing methods to be run on an object by different threads in Python

  - by Ben

  Let's say I have an object who's class definition looks like: class Command: foo = 5 def run(self, bar): time.sleep(1) self.foo = bar return self.foo If this class is instantiated once, but different threads are hitting its run method (via an HTTP request, handled separately) passing in different args, what is the best method to queue them? Can this be done in the class definition itself?

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• Python Twisted Client Connection Lost

  - by MovieYoda

  I have this twisted client, which connects with a twisted server having an index. I ran this client from command-line. It worked fine. Now I modified it to run in loop (see main()) so that I can keep querying. But the client runs only once. Next time it simply says connection lost \n Connection lost - goodbye!. What am i doing wrong? In the loop I am reconnecting to the server, it that wrong? from twisted.internet import reactor from twisted.internet import protocol from settings import AS_SERVER_HOST, AS_SERVER_PORT # a client protocol class Spell_client(protocol.Protocol): """Once connected, send a message, then print the result.""" def connectionMade(self): self.transport.write(self.factory.query) def dataReceived(self, data): "As soon as any data is received, write it back." if data == '!': self.factory.results = '' else: self.factory.results = data self.transport.loseConnection() def connectionLost(self, reason): print "\tconnection lost" class Spell_Factory(protocol.ClientFactory): protocol = Spell_client def __init__(self, query): self.query = query self.results = '' def clientConnectionFailed(self, connector, reason): print "\tConnection failed - goodbye!" reactor.stop() def clientConnectionLost(self, connector, reason): print "\tConnection lost - goodbye!" reactor.stop() # this connects the protocol to a server runing on port 8090 def main(): print 'Connecting to %s:%d' % (AS_SERVER_HOST, AS_SERVER_PORT) while True: print query = raw_input("Query:") if query == '': return f = Spell_Factory(query) reactor.connectTCP(AS_SERVER_HOST, AS_SERVER_PORT, f) reactor.run() print f.results return if __name__ == '__main__': main()

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• Fetch wrong SVN credentials with Python

  - by user1029968

  Could anyone here let me know how can I check if provided SVN credentials (username and password) are proper? With pysvn there is callback_get_login parameter but in case credentials are wrong, callback is prompted over and over without any way to cancel this and return failure information. Please let me know how can I (not neccesserily with pysvn) check if provided SVN credentials are okay. Thank you in advance!

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• Python: needs more than 1 value to unpack

  - by Rosarch

  What am I doing wrong to get this error? replacements = {} replacements["**"] = ("<strong>", "</strong>") replacements["__"] = ("<em>", "</em>") replacements["--"] = ("<blink>", "</blink>") replacements["=="] = ("<marquee>", "</marquee>") replacements["@@"] = ("<code>", "</code>") for delimiter, (open_tag, close_tag) in replacements: # error here message = self.replaceFormatting(delimiter, message, open_tag, close_tag); The error: Traceback (most recent call last): File "", line 1, in for shit, (a, b) in replacements: ValueError: need more than 1 value to unpack All the values tuples have two values. Right?

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• Modify an XML file in Python

  - by michele

  Hi, I have two file. I have to modify the file one in a particular node and add in a list of child. The list is in the file2. Can I do it, and how? from xml.dom.minidom import Document from xml.dom import minidom file1=modificare.xml file2=sorgente.xml xmldoc=minidom.parse(file1) for Node in xmldoc.getElementsByTagName("Sampler"): # put in the file2 content Thanks a lot.

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• Python 4 step setup with progressBars

  - by Samuel Taylor

  I'm having a problem with the code below. When I run it the progress bar will pulse for around 10 secs as meant to and then move on to downloading and will show the progress but when finished it will not move on to the next step it just locks up. import sys import time import pygtk import gtk import gobject import threading import urllib import urlparse class WorkerThread(threading.Thread): def __init__ (self, function, parent, arg = None): threading.Thread.__init__(self) self.function = function self.parent = parent self.arg = arg self.parent.still_working = True def run(self): # when does "run" get executed? self.parent.still_working = True if self.arg == None: self.function() else: self.function(self.arg) self.parent.still_working = False def stop(self): self = None class MainWindow: def __init__(self): gtk.gdk.threads_init() self.wTree = gtk.Builder() self.wTree.add_from_file("gui.glade") self.mainWindows() def mainWindows(self): self.mainWindow = self.wTree.get_object("frmMain") dic = { "on_btnNext_clicked" : self.mainWindowNext, } self.wTree.connect_signals(dic) self.mainWindow.show() self.installerStep = 0 # 0 = none, 1 = preinstall, 2 = download, 3 = install info, 4 = install #gtk.main() self.mainWindowNext() def pulse(self): self.wTree.get_object("progress").pulse() if self.still_working == False: self.mainWindowNext() return self.still_working def preinstallStep(self): self.wTree.get_object("progress").set_fraction(0) self.wTree.get_object("btnNext").set_sensitive(0) self.wTree.get_object("notebook1").set_current_page(0) self.installerStep = 1 WT = WorkerThread(self.heavyWork, self) #Would do a heavy function here like setup some thing WT.start() gobject.timeout_add(75, self.pulse) def downloadStep(self): self.wTree.get_object("progress").set_fraction(0) self.wTree.get_object("btnNext").set_sensitive(0) self.wTree.get_object("notebook1").set_current_page(0) self.installerStep = 2 urllib.urlretrieve('http://mozilla.mirrors.evolva.ro//firefox/releases/3.6.3/win32/en-US/Firefox%20Setup%203.6.3.exe', '/tmp/firefox.exe', self.updateHook) self.mainWindowNext() def updateHook(self, blocks, blockSize, totalSize): percentage = float ( blocks * blockSize ) / totalSize if percentage > 1: percentage = 1 self.wTree.get_object("progress").set_fraction(percentage) while gtk.events_pending(): gtk.main_iteration() def installInfoStep(self): self.wTree.get_object("btnNext").set_sensitive(1) self.wTree.get_object("notebook1").set_current_page(1) self.installerStep = 3 def installStep(self): self.wTree.get_object("progress").set_fraction(0) self.wTree.get_object("btnNext").set_sensitive(0) self.wTree.get_object("notebook1").set_current_page(0) self.installerStep = 4 WT = WorkerThread(self.heavyWork, self) #Would do a heavy function here like setup some thing WT.start() gobject.timeout_add(75, self.pulse) def mainWindowNext(self, widget = None): if self.installerStep == 0: self.preinstallStep() elif self.installerStep == 1: self.downloadStep() elif self.installerStep == 2: self.installInfoStep() elif self.installerStep == 3: self.installStep() elif self.installerStep == 4: sys.exit(0) def heavyWork(self): time.sleep(10) if __name__ == '__main__': MainWindow() gtk.main()

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• Change/Update a pane using python wx.AUI

  - by Dan

  I'm using wx.AUI and having a bit of a problem managing panes. Once you have created a new pane using AddPane(), what is the syntax to update or change the pane? I've seen the SetPane command but I can't find any examples. Can someone direct me to an example? Or perhaps it makes sense to use some command to delete the pane and create a new one? Thanks in advance for your time.

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• Python, add tailing slash to directory string, os independently

  - by Horace Ho

  how to add a tailing slash (/ for *nix, \ for win32) to a directory string, if the tailing slash is not ready there? thanks!

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• Python: writing a program to compute the area of a circle and square

  - by user1672504

  I have a question with an assignment. I'm not sure how to write this program and I really need help! Could someone help me with this? This is the assignment: Write a program that asks the user to enter two values: an integer choice and a real number x. If choice is 1, compute and display the area of a circle of radius x. If choice is 2, compute and display the are of a square with sides of length x. If choice is neither 1, nor 2, will display the text Invalid choice. Sample run: Enter choice: 2 Enter x: 8 The area is: 64.0 Sample run: Enter choice: 1 Enter x: 8 The area is: 201.06176 My attempt: choice = input ('Enter Choice:') choice_1 = int (choice) if (choice_1==1): radius = (int) print('Enter x:',radius) pi = 3.14159 area = ( radius ** 2 ) * pi print ( 'The Area is=' , area )

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• Detect workstation/System Screen Lock using Python(ubuntu)

  - by UK

  Is there anyway that we can detect when the system/screen gets locked and notify some event to trigger in Ubuntu ?

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• Use of infix operator hack in production code (Python)

  - by Casebash

  What is your opinion of using the infix operator hack in production code? Issues: The effect this will have on speed. The potential for a clashes with an object with these operators already defined. This seems particularly dangerous with generic code that is intended to handle objects of any type. It is a shame that this isn't built in - it really does improve readability

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• Python regular expression help

  - by dlw

  Hi SO, I can't seem to create the correct regular expression to extract the correct tokens from my string. Padding the beginning of the string with a space generates the correct output, but seems less than optimal: >>> import re >>> s = '-edge_0triggered a-b | -level_Sensitive c-d | a-b-c' >>> re.findall(r'\W(-[\w_]+)',' '+s) ['-edge_0triggered', '-level_Sensitive'] # correct output Here are some of the regular expressions I've tried, does anyone have a regex suggestion that doesn't involve changing the original string and generates the correct output >>> re.findall(r'(-[\w_]+)',s) ['-edge_0triggered', '-b', '-level_Sensitive', '-d', '-b', '-c'] >>> re.findall(r'\W(-[\w_]+)',s) ['-level_Sensitive'] Thanks -- DW

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