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  • python unit testing os.remove fails file system

    - by hwjp
    Am doing a bit of unit testing on a function which attempts to open a new file, but should fail if the file already exists. when the function runs sucessfully, the new file is created, so i want to delete it after every test run, but it doesn't seem to be working: class MyObject_Initialisation(unittest.TestCase): def setUp(self): if os.path.exists(TEMPORARY_FILE_NAME): try: os.remove(TEMPORARY_FILE_NAME) except WindowsError: #TODO: can't figure out how to fix this... #time.sleep(3) #self.setUp() #this just loops forever pass def tearDown(self): self.setUp() any thoughts? The Windows Error thrown seems to suggest the file is in use... could it be that the tests are run in parallel threads? I've read elsewhere that it's 'bad practice' to use the filesystem in unit testing, but really? Surely there's a way around this that doesn't invole dummying the filesystem?

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  • displaying a colored 2d array in matplotlib in Python

    - by user248237
    I'd like to plot a 2-d matrix from numpy as a colored matrix in Matplotlib. I have the following 9-by-9 array: my_array = diag(ones(9)) # plot the array pcolor(my_array) I'd like to set the first three elements of the diagonal to be a certain color, the next three to be a different color, and the last three a different color. I'd like to specify the color by a hex code string, like "#FF8C00". How can I do this? Also, how can I set the color of 0-valued elements for pcolor?

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  • Python - output from functions?

    - by Seafoid
    Hi I have a very rudimentary question. Assume I call a function, e.g., def foo(): x = 'hello world' How do I get the function to return x in such a way that I can use it as the input for another function or use the variable within the body of a program? When I use return and call the variable within another functions I get a NameError. Thanks, S :-)

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  • mathing string in python

    - by nani
    Write two functions, called countSubStringMatch and countSubStringMatchRecursive that take two arguments, a key string and a target string. These functions iteratively and recursively count the number of instances of the key in the target string. You should complete definitions forthe remaining problems, we are going to explore other substring matching ideas. These problems can be solved with either an iterative function or a recursive one. You are welcome to use either approach, though you may find iterative approaches more intuitive in these cases of matching linear structures

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  • Python OpenGL Can't Redraw Scene

    - by RobbR
    I'm getting started with OpenGL and shaders using GLUT and PyOpenGL. I can draw a basic scene but for some reason I can't get it to update. E.g. any changes I make during idle(), display(), or reshape() are not reflected. Here are the methods: def display(self): glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT ) glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW) glLoadIdentity() glUseProgram(self.shader_program) self.m_vbo.bind() glEnableClientState( GL_VERTEX_ARRAY ) glVertexPointerf(self.m_vbo) glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, len(self.m_vbo)) glutSwapBuffers() glutReportErrors() def idle(self): test_change += .1 self.m_vbo = vbo.VBO( array([ [ test_change, 1, 0 ], # triangle [ -1,-1, 0 ], [ 1,-1, 0 ], [ 2,-1, 0 ], # square [ 4,-1, 0 ], [ 4, 1, 0 ], [ 2,-1, 0 ], [ 4, 1, 0 ], [ 2, 1, 0 ], ],'f') ) glutPostRedisplay() def begin(self): glutInit() glutInitWindowSize(400, 400) glutCreateWindow("Simple OpenGL") glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_SINGLE | GLUT_RGB) glutDisplayFunc(self.display) glutReshapeFunc(self.reshape) glutMouseFunc(self.mouse) glutMotionFunc(self.motion) glutIdleFunc(self.idle) self.define_shaders() glutMainLoop() I'd like to implement a time step in idle() but even basic changes to the vertices or tranlastions and rotations on the MODELVIEW matrix don't display. It just puts up the initial state and does not update. Am I missing something?

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  • Python and .exe files, another way

    - by Sorush Rabiee
    How to build exe files (compatible with win32)? please don't refer to py2exe. that is blocked service in IRI. for Iranians only: do you know how to download something (like py2exe) from blocked sites? especially from sourceforge ande fontforge?

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  • how to write or create (when no exist) a file using python and Google AppEngine

    - by zjm1126
    this is my code: f = open('text/a.log', 'wb') f.write('hahaha') f.close() and it is not create a new file when not exist how to do this , thanks updated class MyThread(threading.Thread): def run(self): f = open('a.log', 'w') f.write('hahaha') f.close() error is : Traceback (most recent call last): File "D:\Python25\lib\threading.py", line 486, in __bootstrap_inner self.run() File "D:\zjm_code\helloworld\views.py", line 15, in run f = open('a.log', 'w') File "d:\Program Files\Google\google_appengine\google\appengine\tools\dev_appserver.py", line 1188, in __init__ raise IOError('invalid mode: %s' % mode) IOError: invalid mode: w

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  • how to init binary buffer in python

    - by ace
    so, I read from DB binary field i.e. 'field1' to var Buf1, and then do something like: unpack_from('I', Buf1, 0) so, all is ok. but question is how can I ini Buf1 without going to DB? I can get value from DB manually and init my var statically, but how? in DB field 'field1' I see something like '0x7B0500000100000064000000B80100006'. and how can I init valid binary buffer from it?

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  • Python unittest: Generate multiple tests programmatically?

    - by Rosarch
    I have a function to test, under_test, and a set of expected input/output pairs: [ (2, 332), (234, 99213), (9, 3), # ... ] I would like each one of these input/output pairs to be tested in its own test_* method. Is that possible? This is sort of what I want, but forcing every single input/output pair into a single test: class TestPreReqs(unittest.TestCase): def setUp(self): self.expected_pairs = [(23, 55), (4, 32)] def test_expected(self): for exp in self.expected_pairs: self.assertEqual(under_test(exp[0]), exp[1]) if __name__ == '__main__': unittest.main()

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  • How to lazy load a data structure (python)

    - by Anton Geraschenko
    I have some way of building a data structure (out of some file contents, say): def loadfile(FILE): return # some data structure created from the contents of FILE So I can do things like puppies = loadfile("puppies.csv") # wait for loadfile to work kitties = loadfile("kitties.csv") # wait some more print len(puppies) print puppies[32] In the above example, I wasted a bunch of time actually reading kitties.csv and creating a data structure that I never used. I'd like to avoid that waste without constantly checking if not kitties whenever I want to do something. I'd like to be able to do puppies = lazyload("puppies.csv") # instant kitties = lazyload("kitties.csv") # instant print len(puppies) # wait for loadfile print puppies[32] So if I don't ever try to do anything with kitties, loadfile("kitties.csv") never gets called. Is there some standard way to do this? After playing around with it for a bit, I produced the following solution, which appears to work correctly and is quite brief. Are there some alternatives? Are there drawbacks to using this approach that I should keep in mind? class lazyload: def __init__(self,FILE): self.FILE = FILE self.F = None def __getattr__(self,name): if not self.F: print "loading %s" % self.FILE self.F = loadfile(self.FILE) return object.__getattribute__(self.F, name) What might be even better is if something like this worked: class lazyload: def __init__(self,FILE): self.FILE = FILE def __getattr__(self,name): self = loadfile(self.FILE) # this never gets called again # since self is no longer a # lazyload instance return object.__getattribute__(self, name) But this doesn't work because self is local. It actually ends up calling loadfile every time you do anything.

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  • Python: concatenate generator and item

    - by TarGz
    I have a generator (numbers) and a value (number). I would like to iterate over these as if they were one sequence: i for i in tuple(my_generator) + (my_value,) The problem is, as far as I undestand, this creates 3 tuples only to immediately discard them and also copies items in "my_generator" once. Better approch would be: def con(seq, item): for i in seq: yield seq yield item i for i in con(my_generator, my_value) But I was wondering whether it is possible to do it without that function definition

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  • Python + Expat: Error on &#0; entities

    - by clacke
    I have written a small function, which uses ElementTree and xpath to extract the text contents of certain elements in an xml file: #!/usr/bin/env python2.5 import doctest from xml.etree import ElementTree from StringIO import StringIO def parse_xml_etree(sin, xpath): """ Takes as input a stream containing XML and an XPath expression. Applies the XPath expression to the XML and returns a generator yielding the text contents of each element returned. >>> parse_xml_etree( ... StringIO('<test><elem1>one</elem1><elem2>two</elem2></test>'), ... '//elem1').next() 'one' >>> parse_xml_etree( ... StringIO('<test><elem1>one</elem1><elem2>two</elem2></test>'), ... '//elem2').next() 'two' >>> parse_xml_etree( ... StringIO('<test><null>&#0;</null><elem3>three</elem3></test>'), ... '//elem2').next() 'three' """ tree = ElementTree.parse(sin) for element in tree.findall(xpath): yield element.text if __name__ == '__main__': doctest.testmod(verbose=True) The third test fails with the following exception: ExpatError: reference to invalid character number: line 1, column 13 Is the � entity illegal XML? Regardless whether it is or not, the files I want to parse contain it, and I need some way to parse them. Any suggestions for another parser than Expat, or settings for Expat, that would allow me to do that?

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  • Python. Draw rectangle in basemap

    - by user2928318
    I need to add several rectangles in my basemap. I nee four rectangles with lat and log ranges as below. 1) llcrnrlon=-10, urcrnrlon=10, llcrnrlat=35,urcrnrlat=60 2) llcrnrlon=10.5, urcrnrlon=35, llcrnrlat=35,urcrnrlat=60 3) llcrnrlon=35.5, urcrnrlon=52, llcrnrlat=30,urcrnrlat=55 4) llcrnrlon=-20, urcrnrlon=35, llcrnrlat=20,urcrnrlat=34.5 My script is below. I found "polygon" packages to add lines but I do not exactly know how to do. Please help me!! Thanks a lot for your help in advance! from mpl_toolkits.basemap import Basemap m=basemaputpart.Basemap(llcrnrlon=-60, llcrnrlat=20, urcrnrlon=60, urcrnrlat=70, resolution='i', projection='cyl', lon_0=0, lat_0=45) lon1=np.array([[-180.+j*0.5 for j in range(721)] for i in range(181)]) lat1=np.array([[i*0.5 for j in range(721)] for i in range(181) ]) Nx1,Ny1=m(lon1,lat1,inverse=False) toplot=data[:,:] toplot[data==0]=np.nan toplot=np.ma.masked_invalid(toplot) plt.pcolor(Nx1,Ny1,np.log(toplot),vmin=0, vmax=5) cbar=plt.colorbar() m.drawcoastlines(zorder=2) m.drawcountries(zorder=2) plt.show()

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  • Converting html entities into their values in python

    - by tipu
    I use this regex on some input, [^a-zA-Z0-9@#] However this ends up removing lots of html special characters within the input, such as 227;, #1606;, #1588; (i had to remove the & prefix so that it wouldn't show up as the actual value..) is there a way that I can convert them to their values so that it will satisfy the regexp expression? I also have no idea why the text decided to be so big.

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  • Python ctypes in_dll string assignment

    - by ackdesha
    I could use some help assigning to a global C variable in DLL using ctypes. The following is an example of what I'm trying: test.c contains the following #include <stdio.h> char name[60]; void test(void) { printf("Name is %s\n", name); } On windows (cygwin) I build a DLL (Test.dll) as follows: gcc -g -c -Wall test.c gcc -Wall -mrtd -mno-cygwin -shared -W1,--add-stdcall-alias -o Test.dll test.o When trying to modify the name variable and then calling the C test function using the ctypes interface I get the following... >>> from ctypes import * >>> dll = windll.Test >>> dll <WinDLL 'Test', handle ... at ...> >>> f = c_char_p.in_dll(dll, 'name') >>> f c_char_p(None) >>> f.value = 'foo' >>> f c_char_p('foo') >>> dll.test() Name is Name is 48+? 13 Why does the test function print garbage in this case?

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  • Help with authorization and redirection decorator in python (pylons)

    - by ensnare
    I'm trying to write a simple decorator to check the authentication of a user, and to redirect to the login page if s/he is not authenticated: def authenticate(f): try: if user['authenticated'] is True: return f except: redirect_to(controller='login', action='index') class IndexController(BaseController): @authenticate def index(self): return render('/index.mako' ) But this approach doesn't work. When a user is authenticated, everything is fine. But when the user is not authenticated, redirect_to() doesn't work and I am given this error: HTTPFound: 302 Found Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8 Content-Length: 0 location: /login Thank for your help!

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  • Python stdout, \r progress bar and sshd with Putty not updating regularly

    - by Kyle MacFarlane
    I have a dead simple progress "bar" using something like the following: import sys from time import sleep current = 0 limit = 50 while current <= limit: sys.stdout.write('\rSynced %s/%s orders' % (current, limit)) current_order += 1 sleep(1) Works fine, except over ssh with Putty. Putty only updates every 3 minutes or if a line ends with \n. Is this a Putty setting, sshd_config, or can I code around it?

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