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  • 2d, Top-down map with different levels

    - by Ktash
    So, I'm creating a 2d, top down, sprite based (tiled) game, and right now I'm working on maps (well, a map editor at the moment, but it will be creating my maps, so basically the same thing). The scenario So, I'm thinking about efficiency and creating a map in pieces. In each piece, I plan on having 'layers'. Basically, I plan on rendering it down to a 'below hero' level, and an 'above hero' level, with the hero rendered in between obviously. There will likely also be a 'on level with hero' layer, but I'm not quite there yet. Not even worrying about events or interaction yet. Just looking to get a hero on the screen. Now for movement, I obviously need to know what tiles can be moved and in what direction. My plan at the moment is each tile getting 8 bits (4 'can enter in direction' bits, 4 'can leave in direction'). This will allow me to limit movement and even allow one way directional movement. The dilemma This works great for a lot of scenarios. It will allow me to store a map in essentially 3 layers, a string, and gives me flexibility going forward. However, I can't create maps that themselves have layers. A good example is a bridge where the user can go under or over the bridge without invalid moves being allowed. I can't create a platform and allow movement underneath. These are things I would like to be able to include in my game. My idea In theory, I could allow multiple hero layers and then allow multiple sets of 'below' and 'above' layers (or sandwich layers). But this complicates my system, and makes movement between maps potentially tricky (If the hero is on the third layer at the edge of a map, but that corresponds to the second layer on the other map, how can I allow or disallow movement). My question Is there a better way to manage multiple maps with multiple levels like this where a users level may be 'connected' on different levels on different maps? Or even... Am I doing this the hard way? Is there a more standard way to handle top-down 2d tiled maps that I am just not aware of? Things to note or that might be helpful This will be done in Javascript (transferred around in JSON) State will need to be transferred quickly, so a map-id and x/y/direction should be enough to get me a boolean 'can move' value Maps will not be standard sized (though they will be in a certain number of tiles) Making an editor tool so that I can have others help, so something that I can create in a tool would be helpful 'Teleportation' locations will likely need to exist to get into building maps and to and from different map sets (which will not necessarily be connected), but have not been created yet (lumping in with events at the moment).

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  • Any good stories or blog posts of a startup's server/stack evolving as they got bigger? [closed]

    - by user72245
    I know lots of startups often go for practical, simple, efficient. So maybe tossing a Ruby program on a basic Apache server. Get some users up and running, etc. Then Ruby starts to not be fast enough, so they throw more servers at the problem? And load balancing or something? And then when stuff gets REALLY crazy, language changes, etc? I'm looking for someone who has cleanly and simply told their own company's story like this. Are there any good ones?

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  • When to unload graphics object from main memory?

    - by piotrek
    I writing my resource mangaer, and I consider about how it can work for graphics objects (like textures, meshes). I think about this : I want to load texture (in pseudocode): Texture t = resMgr.GetTex("image.png"); and GetTex make something like this: load texture from disk to main memory create texture object (load it to gpu memory) unload texture from main memory I consider about 3 step, does game engines that you know unload meshes/textures after load them into gpu memory ?

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  • How should game objects be aware of each other?

    - by Jefffrey
    I find it hard to find a way to organize game objects so that they are polymorphic but at the same time not polymorphic. Here's an example: assuming that we want all our objects to update() and draw(). In order to do that we need to define a base class GameObject which have those two virtual pure methods and let polymorphism kicks in: class World { private: std::vector<GameObject*> objects; public: // ... update() { for (auto& o : objects) o->update(); for (auto& o : objects) o->draw(window); } }; The update method is supposed to take care of whatever state the specific class object needs to update. The fact is that each objects needs to know about the world around them. For example: A mine needs to know if someone is colliding with it A soldier should know if another team's soldier is in proximity A zombie should know where the closest brain, within a radius, is For passive interactions (like the first one) I was thinking that the collision detection could delegate what to do in specific cases of collisions to the object itself with a on_collide(GameObject*). Most of the the other informations (like the other two examples) could just be queried by the game world passed to the update method. Now the world does not distinguish objects based on their type (it stores all object in a single polymorphic container), so what in fact it will return with an ideal world.entities_in(center, radius) is a container of GameObject*. But of course the soldier does not want to attack other soldiers from his team and a zombie doesn't case about other zombies. So we need to distinguish the behavior. A solution could be the following: void TeamASoldier::update(const World& world) { auto list = world.entities_in(position, eye_sight); for (const auto& e : list) if (auto enemy = dynamic_cast<TeamBSoldier*>(e)) // shoot towards enemy } void Zombie::update(const World& world) { auto list = world.entities_in(position, eye_sight); for (const auto& e : list) if (auto enemy = dynamic_cast<Human*>(e)) // go and eat brain } but of course the number of dynamic_cast<> per frame could be horribly high, and we all know how slow dynamic_cast can be. The same problem also applies to the on_collide(GameObject*) delegate that we discussed earlier. So what it the ideal way to organize the code so that objects can be aware of other objects and be able to ignore them or take actions based on their type?

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  • Architecting persistence (and other internal systems). Interfaces, composition, pure inheritance or centralization?

    - by Vandell
    Suppose that you need to implement persistence, I think that you're generally limited to four options (correct me if I'm wrong, please) Each persistant class: Should implement an interface (IPersistent) Contains a 'persist-me' object that is a specialized object (or class) that's made only to be used the class that contains it. Inherit from Persistent (a base class) Or you can create a gigantic class (or package) called Database and make your persistence logic there. What are the advantages and problems that can come from each of one? In a small (5kloc) and algorithmically (or organisationally) simple app what is probably the best option?

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  • Is it dangerous for me to give some of my Model classes Control-like methods?

    - by Pureferret
    In my personal project I have tried to stick to MVC, but I've also been made aware that sticking to MVC too tightly can be a bad thing as it makes writing awkward and forces the flow of the program in odd ways (i.e. some simple functions can be performed by something that normally wouldn't, and avoid MVC related overheads). So I'm beginning to feel justified in this compromise: I have some 'manager programs' that 'own' data and have some way to manipulate it, as such I think they'd count as both part of the model, and part of the control, and to me this feels more natural than keepingthem separate. For instance: One of my Managers is the PlayerCharacterManager that has these methods: void buySkill(PlayerCharacter playerCharacter, Skill skill); void changeName(); void changeRole(); void restatCharacter(); void addCharacterToGame(); void createNewCharacter(); PlayerCharacter getPlayerCharacter(); List<PlayerCharacter> getPlayersCharacter(Player player); List<PlayerCharacter> getAllCharacters(); I hope the mothod names are transparent enough that they don't all need explaining. I've called it a manager because it will help manage all of the PlayerCharacter 'model' objects the code creates, and create and keep a map of these. I may also get it to store other information in the future. I plan to have another two similar classes for this sort of control, but I will orchestrate when and how this happens, and what to do with the returned data via a pure controller class. This splitting up control between informed managers and the controller, as opposed to operating just through a controller seems like it will simplify my code and make it flow more. My question is, is this a dangerous choice, in terms of making the code harder to follow/test/fix? Is this somethign established as good or bad or neutral? I oculdn't find anything similar except the idea of Actors but that's not quite why I'm trying to do. Edit: Perhaps an example is needed; I'm using the Controller to update the view and access the data, so when I click the 'Add new character to a player button' it'll call methods in the controller that then go and tell the PlayerCharacterManager class to create a new character instance, it'll call the PlayerManager class to add that new character to the player-character map, and then it'll add this information to the database, and tell the view to update any GUIs effected. That is the sort of 'control sequence' I'm hoping to create with these manager classes.

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  • Question about design

    - by lukeluke
    Two fast questions about two design decisions: Suppose that you are checking collisions between game elements. When you find a collision between object 1 and object 2, do you play immediately a sound effect or do you insert it in a list and, in a later a stage, do you process all sound effects? Same question as above for user input. When the user presses key 'keypad left' do you insert the event in a queue and process it later or do you update character position immediately? Thx

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  • C++ Game Engine Book/Tutorial/Anything recent?

    - by TheNoob
    Before I get flamed, please understand that I have been looking for a while now. Yes, I have found a good amount of game engine tutorials...except filled with errors, out of date syntax, missing crucial information, and so on. Is there anywhere with a recent tutorial, or a book, anything at all? I'm not asking for an opinion in graphics API's, just a point in the right direction to get started on game engine development. I just want to make it clear, I have googled/stacked like crazy. Any help appreciated. Thank you.

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  • C# calendar needs BL for real-time reminders?

    - by lazfish
    The calendar is done and now we are wanting to add email, SMS and voice-call reminders. We are using jQuery, C#, .Net & SQL Server 08. No restrictions on our options. I know how to add the API calls and services to initiate these reminders. I am asking for advise about how to approach a reliable timely listener service that knows to call the service or API for the reminder before an appointment. EG. SMS: "You have a conference call in 30 minutes."

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  • Efficient Algorithm for Recording gameplay's objects positions

    - by Scorch
    So, I have a game idea in mind, and for that I need to record the game around the player. I'me not talking about recording it as video, but rather recording the scene objects, and their positions within the game, and then render them, giving the player the ability to go back and forth, to stop time and move around. I've made a prototype with some data structures in C#, since this is going to be the programming language we'll be using in our game, but if we want the player to be able to go back just five minutes back with the data of just 100 NPC's, it takes almost 1GB of RAM. Right now, I'm just storing a Doubly linked list, each item with the object position. In the game, I'll need to store even more data in each node, so I need something even more ligher. Of course, this algorithm is zero optimized, but still, that is a lot. The alternatives would be create the NPC's that aren't really important to the game when the user is viewing the past, but I don't really like it very much for the sake of realism. I wonder if there is a better way to store this? Thanks in advance, Scorch

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  • How do I keep user input and rendering independent of the implementation environment?

    - by alex
    I'm writing a Tetris clone in JavaScript. I have a fair amount of experience in programming in general, but am rather new to game development. I want to separate the core game code from the code that would tie it to one environment, such as the browser. My quick thoughts led me to having the rendering and input functions external to my main game object. I could pass the current game state to the rendering method, which could render using canvas, elements, text, etc. I could also map input to certain game input events, such as move piece left, rotate piece clockwise, etc. I am having trouble designing how this should be implemented in my object. Should I pass references to functions that the main object will use to render and process user input? For example... var TetrisClone = function(renderer, inputUpdate) { this.renderer = renderer || function() {}; this.inputUpdate = input || function() {}; this.state = {}; }; TetrisClone.prototype = { update: function() { // Get user input via function passed to constructor. var inputEvents = this.inputUpdate(); // Update game state. // Render the current game state via function passed to constructor. this.renderer(this.state); } }; var renderer = function(state) { // Render blocks to browser page. } var inputEvents = {}; var charCodesToEvents = { 37: "move-piece-left" /* ... */ }; document.addEventListener("keypress", function(event) { inputEvents[event.which] = true; }); var inputUpdate = function() { var translatedEvents = [], event, translatedEvent; for (event in inputEvents) { if (inputEvents.hasOwnProperty(event)) { translatedEvent = charCodesToEvents[event]; translatedEvents.push(translatedEvent); } } inputEvents = {}; return translatedEvents; } var game = new TetrisClone(renderer, inputUpdate); Is this a good game design? How would you modify this to suit best practice in regard to making a game as platform/input independent as possible?

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  • How to setup users for desktop app with SQL Azure as backend?

    - by Manuel
    I'm considering SQL Azure as DB for a new application I'm developing. The reason I want to go with Azure is because I don't want to have to maintain yet another database(s) and I want my users to be able to access the data from anywhere. The problem is that I'm not clear regarding how to users will connect. The application is a basic CRUD type of windows app. I've read that you need to add your IP to SQL Azure's firewall to connect to it, but I don't know if it's only for administration purposes only. Can anyone clarify if anyone (anywhere) can access the data with the proper credentials? Which of the following scenarios would work best (if at all)? A) Add each user to SQL Azure and have the app connect directly to Azure as if it was connecting to SQL Server B) Add an anonymous user SQL Azure and pass the real user's password/hash with every call so the Azure database can service the requests accordingly. C) Put a WCF service in between so that it handles the authentication stuff. The service will only serve the appropriate information to the user given his/her authentication and SQL Azure would be open to the service exclusively. D) - ideas are welcomed - This is confusing because all Azure examples I see are for websites. I have a hard time believing SQL Azure wouldn't handle the case of desktop apps connecting to it. So what's the best practice?

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  • Guidelines or Design pattern to develop configurable software

    - by Rumit Parakhiya
    I want to develop an application which would have it's own framework, using which developer can implement functionality very easily. Developer shouldn't have to code for each and every page or report. But, he can do it very easily by just configuring it using the framework provided. Some nice examples of it is SAP and Tally. They have got their own framework, using which anybody having knowledge of it can customize or extend functionality of the product. But, as I am beginner in this direction, I don't have any idea about where to start. Can anybody point me to some design pattern which I can follow or some similar open source software which I can refer?

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  • What parts of functionality should be refactored into a directive?

    - by Sprottenwels
    I am creating an application from legacy code using AngularJS. I wonder what parts of my code should be moved into a directive. For example, iI had thought of moving a table which is used multiple times across the application into a directive. The tables alter from headings and size. Is it worth the effort or even a good practice to turn such things into their own directives or should I create each table in a unique way?

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  • DDD: service contains two repository

    - by tikhop
    Does it correct way to have two repository inside one service and will it be an application or domain service? Suppose I have a Passenger object that should contains Passport (government id) object. I am getting Passenger from PassengerRepository. PassengerRepository create request to server and obtain data (json) than parse received data and store inside repository. I have confused because I want to store Passport as Entity and put it to PassportRepository but all information about password contains inside json than i received above. I guess that I should create a PassengerService that will be include PassengerRepository and PassportRepository with several methods like removePassport, addPassport, getAllPassenger and etc. UPDATE: So I guess that the better way is represent Passport as VO and store all passports inside Passenger aggregate. However there is another question: Where I should put the methods (methods calls server api) for management passenger's passport. I think the better place is so within Passenger aggregate.

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  • First Steps. Windows Phone game development

    - by anatoliiG
    I'm pretty new in game development. Have a couple ideas wich could be cool. First that comes to mind is to develop a 2D game (kinda puzzles) for Windows Phone Mango. You may ask: "Why Windows Phone?". I answer - I've got solid experience in Silverlight and C#. For me, this is a major advantage compared to other platforms. Please, give advice and suggestions about: What should I read? Best practices. Third party libraries. Silverlight(Only) vs XNA. Whatever I should pay attention to.

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  • Without using a pre-built physics engine, how can I implement 3-D collision detection from scratch?

    - by Andy Harglesis
    I want to tackle some basic 3-D collision detection and was wondering how engines handle this and give you a pretty interface and make it so easy ... I want to do it all myself, however. 2-D collision detection is extremely simple and can be done multiple ways that even beginner programmers could think up: 1.When the pixels touch; 2.when a rectangle range is exceeded; 3.when a pixel object is detected near another one in a pixel-based rendering engine. But 3-D is different with one dimension, but complex in many more so ... what are the general, basic understanding/examples on how 3-D collision detection can be implemented? Think two shaded, OpenGL cubes that are moved next to each other with a simple OpenGL rendering context and keyboard events.

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  • How to make this design closer to proper DDD?

    - by Seralize
    I've read about DDD for days now and need help with this sample design. All the rules of DDD make me very confused to how I'm supposed to build anything at all when domain objects are not allowed to show methods to the application layer; where else to orchestrate behaviour? Repositories are not allowed to be injected into entities and entities themselves must thus work on state. Then an entity needs to know something else from the domain, but other entity objects are not allowed to be injected either? Some of these things makes sense to me but some don't. I've yet to find good examples of how to build a whole feature as every example is about Orders and Products, repeating the other examples over and over. I learn best by reading examples and have tried to build a feature using the information I've gained about DDD this far. I need your help to point out what I do wrong and how to fix it, most preferably with code as "I would not recomment doing X and Y" is very hard to understand in a context where everything is just vaguely defined already. If I can't inject an entity into another it would be easier to see how to do it properly. In my example there are users and moderators. A moderator can ban users, but with a business rule: only 3 per day. I did an attempt at setting up a class diagram to show the relationships (code below): interface iUser { public function getUserId(); public function getUsername(); } class User implements iUser { protected $_id; protected $_username; public function __construct(UserId $user_id, Username $username) { $this->_id = $user_id; $this->_username = $username; } public function getUserId() { return $this->_id; } public function getUsername() { return $this->_username; } } class Moderator extends User { protected $_ban_count; protected $_last_ban_date; public function __construct(UserBanCount $ban_count, SimpleDate $last_ban_date) { $this->_ban_count = $ban_count; $this->_last_ban_date = $last_ban_date; } public function banUser(iUser &$user, iBannedUser &$banned_user) { if (! $this->_isAllowedToBan()) { throw new DomainException('You are not allowed to ban more users today.'); } if (date('d.m.Y') != $this->_last_ban_date->getValue()) { $this->_ban_count = 0; } $this->_ban_count++; $date_banned = date('d.m.Y'); $expiration_date = date('d.m.Y', strtotime('+1 week')); $banned_user->add($user->getUserId(), new SimpleDate($date_banned), new SimpleDate($expiration_date)); } protected function _isAllowedToBan() { if ($this->_ban_count >= 3 AND date('d.m.Y') == $this->_last_ban_date->getValue()) { return false; } return true; } } interface iBannedUser { public function add(UserId $user_id, SimpleDate $date_banned, SimpleDate $expiration_date); public function remove(); } class BannedUser implements iBannedUser { protected $_user_id; protected $_date_banned; protected $_expiration_date; public function __construct(UserId $user_id, SimpleDate $date_banned, SimpleDate $expiration_date) { $this->_user_id = $user_id; $this->_date_banned = $date_banned; $this->_expiration_date = $expiration_date; } public function add(UserId $user_id, SimpleDate $date_banned, SimpleDate $expiration_date) { $this->_user_id = $user_id; $this->_date_banned = $date_banned; $this->_expiration_date = $expiration_date; } public function remove() { $this->_user_id = ''; $this->_date_banned = ''; $this->_expiration_date = ''; } } // Gathers objects $user_repo = new UserRepository(); $evil_user = $user_repo->findById(123); $moderator_repo = new ModeratorRepository(); $moderator = $moderator_repo->findById(1337); $banned_user_factory = new BannedUserFactory(); $banned_user = $banned_user_factory->build(); // Performs ban $moderator->banUser($evil_user, $banned_user); // Saves objects to database $user_repo->store($evil_user); $moderator_repo->store($moderator); $banned_user_repo = new BannedUserRepository(); $banned_user_repo->store($banned_user); Should the User entitity have a 'is_banned' field which can be checked with $user->isBanned();? How to remove a ban? I have no idea.

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  • engine for responsive gameplay

    - by zaftcoAgeiha
    Many games have been praised for its responsive gameplay, where each user action input correspond to a quick and precise character movement (eg: super meat boy, shank...) What makes those games responsive? and what prevents other games from achieving the same? How much of it is due to the game framework used to queue mouse/keyboard events and render/update the game and how much is attributed to better coding?

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  • How can I efficiently create/store/implement animations as I add to my game?

    - by nickbadal
    My game's characters are made up of different parts (head/body/legs/etc), and whatever items they have equipped. As I'm creating the animation system for my game, I want to try to anticipate a large number of combinations for different pieces for each character. Originally, I had planned on having a frame-by frame animation for each piece for each animation, and then layer them to combine them into a character, but this seems like it would be a lot of work for my artist, and that the memory/disk size would start to add up as well since we would need a sprite for every frame, of every customization of every piece, in every animation, for every character. What efficient ways are there to create/implement these animations as we add more and more configurations to our game?

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  • How to find the reason for a weekly downtime on an Ubuntu web server hosted by AWS?

    - by IceSheep
    We started monitoring our web server using Pingdom and found out that we have a downtime of a few minutes every Sunday at 0:00 UTC. The test runs every minute and checks if a successful HTTP response (code 200) is returned on port 80. The test fails due to a timeout (no response after 30 seconds). Here's what we've already checked – without success: Since we run our webserver behind a load balancer, I've set the Pingdom test on the load balancer's public DNS and the webserver's public DNS in order to find out if there's a problem with the AWS load balancer – both tests return the same result We set up Munin on our webserver. Everything looked fine even after the failure. Since the last failure lasted only 2 minutes I suppose Munin couldn't capture a potential problem (it only checks every 5 minutes) I have checked /var/log/apache2/error.log and /var/log/syslog for suspicious entries I have checked /etc/cron.weekly and /etc/crontab for suspicious entries I have searched for files created or last-modified during 0:00 and 0:15 using this method: touch -t 201209020000 start touch -t 201209020015 end find / -newer start -and ! -newer end (nothing found) Has anybody experienced a similar problem? Any proposals on how to find the reason for this behavior? It's Ubuntu 10.04 LTS running on an AWS m1.large instance. Thanks!

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  • Should I create repositories with special functions like getStaffActive()?

    - by Parhs
    I have seen lots of articles but none really help me. That is because I want to use dapper as a DAL. Should I create repositories with special functions? Like getStaffActive()? If I use repositories I can implement with dapper-extension a generic crud I have no idea how to handle database connection. Where to open the connection? If I do this at every function then how am I supposed to use transaction scope? Somehow the repositories I work with should share a connection in order transaction to work. But how to do this? Openning connection in BLL? If I use queries and execute them directly then still the same thing.

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  • Are areas a good organizational feature, or just extra work?

    - by SOfanatic
    Do Areas in ASP.NET MVC end up being a help or just a drag in the end (because of the URL construction)? Would it be better to have subdirectories inside the main Controllers folder? or are there any other options to organizing a project? EDIT For example, this is your average link without Areas: @Html.ActionLink("Home","Index","Home") and this is your average link with Areas: @Html.ActionLink("Home","Index", new { Area = "", Controller = "Home"}) Could the following work? (Main controller with subdirectories) I'm just trying to find out if implementing Areas in a project is worthwhile, because I also read that it can be problematic when using Dependency Injection. And is there an alternative to Areas?

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  • 3D Location Handling

    - by tgrosinger
    I am thinking about making a simulator type game that will involve having lots of small objects in a 3D space. What is the typical solution for handling these objects? The first thing that comes to mind is a 3D Array, but I can't help but think there is a more efficient solution. Another idea that comes to mind is objects having possession of smaller items. For example a House possesses a Table which possesses a Cup and Bowl. The final way I can think of handling this is just having an array of "objects" that each have an x, y, z value. While this would make storing them easy I do not understand how you would detect collisions without just looking at every possible object and checking to see if it is in the way. Are there other ways of holding onto these objects that is more efficient?

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  • Is it okay to just add a page or two PHP page to add some functionality to a Drupal site?

    - by Zaemz
    I'm not familiar with Drupal, really. I can dig around the admin interface and navigate the directories and find the files that I need to just fine as well. What I'm really not familiar with is adding modules or extending modules. The site currently takes an order and sets up recurring payments through Ubercart and uses Authorize.net as a gateway. Right now, when a payment fails, a single e-mail gets sent out to the admin. We'd like to extend it to send an e-mail to the user and let them change their payment information through another page on the site. Authorize has a service called Silent Post URL that basically just posts a carbon copy in XML to whatever URL you give it. We'd like to accept that XML, deserialize it, parse the data, send a notice to the user and give them the page for updating their information. So, I guess it'll be two PHP pages. One for the XML API call from Authorize.net, and then one for the page for the users' to update their payment information. Could I just create two simple pages each handling their own tasks, or should I check out properly extending a module? If it's appropriate for me to write up the pages and not have to hook them into the module, what would be the best way to handle setting up what needs to get done? (The most experience I've had with extending a PHP site has been hacking away at someone else' poorly constructed, custom framework, so if anyone has any good resources perhaps on PHP best practices that they could share through a PM or a comment, I'd appreciate It) (Also, I'm still getting the hang of Stack Exchange, so if this isn't appropriate please let me know. I'll delete it.)

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