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  • Code runs 6 times slower with 2 threads than with 1

    - by Edward Bird
    So I have written some code to experiment with threads and do some testing. The code should create some numbers and then find the mean of those numbers. I think it is just easier to show you what I have so far. I was expecting with two threads that the code would run about 2 times as fast. Measuring it with a stopwatch I think it runs about 6 times slower! void findmean(std::vector<double>*, std::size_t, std::size_t, double*); int main(int argn, char** argv) { // Program entry point std::cout << "Generating data..." << std::endl; // Create a vector containing many variables std::vector<double> data; for(uint32_t i = 1; i <= 1024 * 1024 * 128; i ++) data.push_back(i); // Calculate mean using 1 core double mean = 0; std::cout << "Calculating mean, 1 Thread..." << std::endl; findmean(&data, 0, data.size(), &mean); mean /= (double)data.size(); // Print result std::cout << " Mean=" << mean << std::endl; // Repeat, using two threads std::vector<std::thread> thread; std::vector<double> result; result.push_back(0.0); result.push_back(0.0); std::cout << "Calculating mean, 2 Threads..." << std::endl; // Run threads uint32_t halfsize = data.size() / 2; uint32_t A = 0; uint32_t B, C, D; // Split the data into two blocks if(data.size() % 2 == 0) { B = C = D = halfsize; } else if(data.size() % 2 == 1) { B = C = halfsize; D = hsz + 1; } // Run with two threads thread.push_back(std::thread(findmean, &data, A, B, &(result[0]))); thread.push_back(std::thread(findmean, &data, C, D , &(result[1]))); // Join threads thread[0].join(); thread[1].join(); // Calculate result mean = result[0] + result[1]; mean /= (double)data.size(); // Print result std::cout << " Mean=" << mean << std::endl; // Return return EXIT_SUCCESS; } void findmean(std::vector<double>* datavec, std::size_t start, std::size_t length, double* result) { for(uint32_t i = 0; i < length; i ++) { *result += (*datavec).at(start + i); } } I don't think this code is exactly wonderful, if you could suggest ways of improving it then I would be grateful for that also.

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  • OpenGL texture misaligned on quad

    - by user308226
    I've been having trouble with this for a while now, and I haven't gotten any solutions that work yet. Here is the problem, and the specifics: I am loading a 256x256 uncompressed TGA into a simple OpenGL program that draws a quad on the screen, but when it shows up, it is shifted about two pixels to the left, with the cropped part appearing on the right side. It has been baffling me for the longest time, people have suggested clamping and such, but somehow I think my problem is probably something really simple, but I just can't figure out what it is! Here is a screenshot comparing the TGA (left) and how it appears running in the program (right) for clarity. Also take note that there's a tiny black pixel on the upper right corner, I'm hoping that's related to the same problem. Here's the code for the loader, I'm convinced that my problem lies in the way that I'm loading the texture. Thanks in advance to anyone who can fix my problem. bool TGA::LoadUncompressedTGA(char *filename,ifstream &texturestream) { cout << "G position status:" << texturestream.tellg() << endl; texturestream.read((char*)header, sizeof(header)); //read 6 bytes into the file to get the tga header width = (GLuint)header[1] * 256 + (GLuint)header[0]; //read and calculate width and save height = (GLuint)header[3] * 256 + (GLuint)header[2]; //read and calculate height and save bpp = (GLuint)header[4]; //read bpp and save cout << bpp << endl; if((width <= 0) || (height <= 0) || ((bpp != 24) && (bpp !=32))) //check to make sure the height, width, and bpp are valid { return false; } if(bpp == 24) { type = GL_RGB; } else { type = GL_RGBA; } imagesize = ((bpp/8) * width * height); //determine size in bytes of the image cout << imagesize << endl; imagedata = new GLubyte[imagesize]; //allocate memory for our imagedata variable texturestream.read((char*)imagedata,imagesize); //read according the the size of the image and save into imagedata for(GLuint cswap = 0; cswap < (GLuint)imagesize; cswap += (bpp/8)) //loop through and reverse the tga's BGR format to RGB { imagedata[cswap] ^= imagedata[cswap+2] ^= //1st Byte XOR 3rd Byte XOR 1st Byte XOR 3rd Byte imagedata[cswap] ^= imagedata[cswap+2]; } texturestream.close(); //close ifstream because we're done with it cout << "image loaded" << endl; glGenTextures(1, &texID); // Generate OpenGL texture IDs glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, texID); glPixelStorei(GL_UNPACK_ALIGNMENT, 1); glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_REPEAT); glTexParameteri (GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_REPEAT); glTexParameteri (GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_NEAREST); glTexParameteri (GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_NEAREST); glTexEnvf(GL_TEXTURE_ENV, GL_TEXTURE_ENV_MODE, GL_MODULATE); glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, type, width, height, 0, type, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, imagedata); delete imagedata; return true; } //Public loading function for TGA images. Opens TGA file and determines //its type, if any, then loads it and calls the appropriate function. //Returns: TRUE on success, FALSE on failure bool TGA::loadTGA(char *filename) { cout << width << endl; ifstream texturestream; texturestream.open(filename,ios::binary); texturestream.read((char*)header,sizeof(header)); //read 6 bytes into the file, its the header. //if it matches the uncompressed header's first 6 bytes, load it as uncompressed LoadUncompressedTGA(filename,texturestream); return true; }

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  • Constructors taking references in C++

    - by sasquatch
    I'm trying to create constructor taking reference to an object. After creating object using reference I need to prints field values of both objects. Then I must delete first object, and once again show values of fields of both objects. My class Person looks like this : class Person { char* name; int age; public: Person(){ int size=0; cout << "Give length of char*" << endl; cin >> size; name = new char[size]; age = 0; } ~Person(){ cout << "Destroying resources" << endl; delete[] name; delete age; } void init(char* n, int a) { name = n; age = a; } }; Here's my implementation (with the use of function show() ). My professor said that if this task is written correctly it will return an error. #include <iostream> using namespace std; class Person { char* name; int age; public: Person(){ int size=0; cout << "Give length of char*" << endl; cin >> size; name = new char[size]; age = 0; } Person(const Person& p){ name = p.name; age = p.age; } ~Person(){ cout << "Destroying resources" << endl; delete[] name; delete age; } void init(char* n, int a) { name = n; age = a; } void show(char* n, int a){ cout << "Name: " << name << "," << "age: " << age << "," << endl; } }; int main(void) { Person *p = new Person; p->init("Mary", 25); p->show(); Person &p = pRef; pRef->name = "Tom"; pRef->age = 18; Person *p2 = new Person(pRef); p->show(); p2->show(); system("PAUSE"); return 0; }

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  • I keep getting a no match for call to error!!??

    - by Timothy Poseley
    #include <iostream> #include <string> using namespace std; // Turns a digit between 1 and 9 into its english name // Turn a number into its english name string int_name(int n) { string digit_name; { if (n == 1) return "one"; else if (n == 2) return "two"; else if (n == 3) return "three"; else if (n == 4) return "four"; else if (n == 5) return "five"; else if (n == 6) return "six"; else if (n == 7) return "seven"; else if (n == 8) return "eight"; else if (n == 9) return "nine"; return ""; } string teen_name; { if (n == 10) return "ten"; else if (n == 11) return "eleven"; else if (n == 12) return "twelve"; else if (n == 13) return "thirteen"; else if (n == 14) return "fourteen"; else if (n == 14) return "fourteen"; else if (n == 15) return "fifteen"; else if (n == 16) return "sixteen"; else if (n == 17) return "seventeen"; else if (n == 18) return "eighteen"; else if (n == 19) return "nineteen"; return ""; } string tens_name; { if (n == 2) return "twenty"; else if (n == 3) return "thirty"; else if (n == 4) return "forty"; else if (n == 5) return "fifty"; else if (n == 6) return "sixty"; else if (n == 7) return "seventy"; else if (n == 8) return "eighty"; else if (n == 9) return "ninety"; return ""; } int c = n; // the part that still needs to be converted string r; // the return value if (c >= 1000) { r = int_name(c / 1000) + " thousand"; c = c % 1000; } if (c >= 100) { r = r + " " + digit_name(c / 100) + " hundred"; c = c % 100; } if (c >= 20) { r = r + " " + tens_name(c /10); c = c % 10; } if (c >= 10) { r = r + " " + teen_name(c); c = 0; } if (c > 0) r = r + " " + digit_name(c); return r; } int main() { int n; cout << endl << endl; cout << "Please enter a positive integer: "; cin >> n; cout << endl; cout << int_name(n); cout << endl << endl; return 0; } I Keep getting this Error code: intname2.cpp: In function âstd::string int_name(int)â: intname2.cpp:74: error: no match for call to â(std::string) (int)â intname2.cpp:80: error: no match for call to â(std::string) (int)â intname2.cpp:86: error: no match for call to â(std::string) (int&)â intname2.cpp:91: error: no match for call to â(std::string) (int&)â

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  • Counting number of times an item occurs in a linked list

    - by HanaCHaN92
    Here is the assignment: Here's the assignment: Implement a method countValue() that counts the number of times an item occurs in a linked list. Remember to use the STL list. int countValue(list front, const int item); Generate 20 random numbers in the range of 0 to 4, and insert each number in the linked list. Output the list by using a method which you would call writeLinkedList which you would add to the ListP.cpp. In a loop, call the method countValue() , and display the number of occurrences of each value from 0 to 4 in the list. Remember that all the above is to be included in the file ListP.ccp Run: 2 3 4 0 1 0 2 4 2 3 3 4 3 3 3 0 0 2 0 2 0 : 5, 1 : 1, 2 : 5, 3 : 6, 4 : 3 and here is what I have so far: #include<iostream> #include<list> #include<tchar.h> int countValue(list<int> front, const int item); using namespace std; int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[]){ list<int> front; int listCount; cout << "Enter the size of the list: "; cin >> listCount; for (int i = 1; i <= listCount; i++) front.insert(rand()%5); cout << "Original List of Values: " << endl; //writeLinkedList(front, " "); cout << endl; for(int j=0;j<5;++j) cout << countValue (front,j) << endl; cout << endl; return 0; } int countValue(list<int> front, const int item) { int count0; int count1; int count2; int count3; int count4; list<int> *List; for(list<int>::iterator i = front.begin(); i != front.end(); i++) { if(List->item == 0) { count0++; } if(List->item == 1) { count1++; } if(List->item == 2) { count2++; } if(List->item == 3) { count2++; }if(List->item == 4) { count4++; } } } And here are the errors: error C2065: 'list' : undeclared identifier line 5 error C2062: type 'int' unexpected line 5 error C2661: 'std::list<_Ty>::insert' : no overloaded function takes 1 arguments line 16 error C3861: 'countValue': identifier not found line 21 IntelliSense: no instance of overloaded function "std::list<_Ty, _Ax>::insert [with _Ty=int, _Ax=std::allocator<int>]" matches the argument list line 16 IntelliSense: too few arguments in function call line 16 error C2039: 'item': is not a member of 'std::list<_Ty>' lines 34, 38, 42, 46, 49 IntelliSense: declaration is incompatible with "int countValue" (declared at line 5) line 25 IntelliSense: class "std::list<int, std:: allocator<int>>" has no member "item" lines 34, 38, 42, 46, 49 I just want to know what I've done wrong and how to fix it and also if someone could help me figure out if I'm doing the countValue function wrong or not based on the instructions I would really appreciate it. I've read the chapter in our textbook several times, looked up tutorials on youtube and on Dream in Code, and still I can not figure this out. All helpful information is appreciated!

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  • C++ Compound Interest Exercise

    - by Lameste
    I'm a beginner trying to learn C++ using "C++ Primer Plus Sixth Edition". I'm on Chapter 5, going over loops. Anyways I was doing this programming exercise from the book, the problem is: Daphne invests $100 at 10% simple interest.That is, every year, the investment earns 10% of the original investment, or $10 each and every year: interest = 0.10 × original balance At the same time, Cleo invests $100 at 5% compound interest.That is, interest is 5% of the current balance, including previous additions of interest: interest = 0.05 × current balance Cleo earns 5% of $100 the first year, giving her $105.The next year she earns 5% of $105, or $5.25, and so on.Write a program that finds how many years it takes for the value of Cleo’s investment to exceed the value of Daphne’s investment and then displays the value of both investments at that time. Here is the code I have written for this exercise, I'm not getting good results though. #include <iostream> #include <array> double Daphne(int, double, double); double Chleo(double, double); int main() { using namespace std; int p = 100; //Principle double i1 = 0.1; // 10% interest rate double i2 = 0.05; // 5% interest rate double dInv = 0; //Daphnes investment double cInv = 0; // Chleos investment int t=1; //Starting at year 1 double s1 = 0; //Sum 1 for Daphne double s2 = 0; // Sum 2 for Chleo s1 = p + 10; //Initial interest (base case after year 1) for Daphne s2 = p + (i2*p); //Initial interest (base case after year 1) for Chleo /*cout << s1 << endl; cout << s2 << endl;*/ while (cInv < dInv) { dInv = Daphne(p, i1, s1); cInv = Chleo(i2, s2); t++; } cout << "The time taken for Chleos investment to exceed Daphnes was: " << t << endl; cout << "Daphnes investment at " << t << " years is: " << dInv << endl; cout << "Chleos invesment at " << t << " years is: " << cInv << endl; system("pause"); return 0; } double Daphne(int p, double i, double s1) { s1 = s1 + (p*i); return s1; } double Chleo(double i, double s2){ s2 = s2 + (s2*i); return s2; } Output from console: The time taken for Chleos investment to exceed Daphnes was: 1 Daphnes investment at 1 years is: 0 Chleos invesment at 1 years is: 0 Press any key to continue . . . Can anyone explain why I'm getting this current result? The while loop is supposed to continue executing statements until Chleo's investment exceeds Daphnes.

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  • Query on simple C++ threadpool implementation

    - by ticketman
    Stackoverflow has been a tremendous help to me and I'd to give something back to the community. I have been implementing a simple threadpool using the tinythread C++ portable thread library, using what I have learnt from Stackoverflow. I am new to thread programming, so not that comfortable with mutexes, etc. I have a question best asked after presenting the code (which runs quite well under Linux): // ThreadPool.h class ThreadPool { public: ThreadPool(); ~ThreadPool(); // Creates a pool of threads and gets them ready to be used void CreateThreads(int numOfThreads); // Assigns a job to a thread in the pool, but doesn't start the job // Each SubmitJob call will use up one thread of the pool. // This operation can only be undone by calling StartJobs and // then waiting for the jobs to complete. On completion, // new jobs may be submitted. void SubmitJob( void (*workFunc)(void *), void *workData ); // Begins execution of all the jobs in the pool. void StartJobs(); // Waits until all jobs have completed. // The wait will block the caller. // On completion, new jobs may be submitted. void WaitForJobsToComplete(); private: enum typeOfWorkEnum { e_work, e_quit }; class ThreadData { public: bool ready; // thread has been created and is ready for work bool haveWorkToDo; typeOfWorkEnum typeOfWork; // Pointer to the work function each thread has to call. void (*workFunc)(void *); // Pointer to work data void *workData; ThreadData() : ready(false), haveWorkToDo(false) { }; }; struct ThreadArgStruct { ThreadPool *threadPoolInstance; int threadId; }; // Data for each thread ThreadData *m_ThreadData; ThreadPool(ThreadPool const&); // copy ctor hidden ThreadPool& operator=(ThreadPool const&); // assign op. hidden // Static function that provides the function pointer that a thread can call // By including the ThreadPool instance in the void * parameter, // we can use it to access other data and methods in the ThreadPool instance. static void ThreadFuncWrapper(void *arg) { ThreadArgStruct *threadArg = static_cast<ThreadArgStruct *>(arg); threadArg->threadPoolInstance->ThreadFunc(threadArg->threadId); } // The function each thread calls void ThreadFunc( int threadId ); // Called by the thread pool destructor void DestroyThreadPool(); // Total number of threads available // (fixed on creation of thread pool) int m_numOfThreads; int m_NumOfThreadsDoingWork; int m_NumOfThreadsGivenJobs; // List of threads std::vector<tthread::thread *> m_ThreadList; // Condition variable to signal each thread has been created and executing tthread::mutex m_ThreadReady_mutex; tthread::condition_variable m_ThreadReady_condvar; // Condition variable to signal each thread to start work tthread::mutex m_WorkToDo_mutex; tthread::condition_variable m_WorkToDo_condvar; // Condition variable to signal the main thread that // all threads in the pool have completed their work tthread::mutex m_WorkCompleted_mutex; tthread::condition_variable m_WorkCompleted_condvar; }; cpp file: // // ThreadPool.cpp // #include "ThreadPool.h" // This is the thread function for each thread. // All threads remain in this function until // they are asked to quit, which only happens // when terminating the thread pool. void ThreadPool::ThreadFunc( int threadId ) { ThreadData *myThreadData = &m_ThreadData[threadId]; std::cout << "Hello world: Thread " << threadId << std::endl; // Signal that this thread is ready m_ThreadReady_mutex.lock(); myThreadData->ready = true; m_ThreadReady_condvar.notify_one(); // notify the main thread m_ThreadReady_mutex.unlock(); while(true) { //tthread::lock_guard<tthread::mutex> guard(m); m_WorkToDo_mutex.lock(); while(!myThreadData->haveWorkToDo) // check for work to do m_WorkToDo_condvar.wait(m_WorkToDo_mutex); // if no work, wait here myThreadData->haveWorkToDo = false; // need to do this before unlocking the mutex m_WorkToDo_mutex.unlock(); // Do the work switch(myThreadData->typeOfWork) { case e_work: std::cout << "Thread " << threadId << ": Woken with work to do\n"; // Do work myThreadData->workFunc(myThreadData->workData); std::cout << "#Thread " << threadId << ": Work is completed\n"; break; case e_quit: std::cout << "Thread " << threadId << ": Asked to quit\n"; return; // ends the thread } // Now to signal the main thread that my work is completed m_WorkCompleted_mutex.lock(); m_NumOfThreadsDoingWork--; // Unsure if this 'if' would make the program more efficient // if(NumOfThreadsDoingWork == 0) m_WorkCompleted_condvar.notify_one(); // notify the main thread m_WorkCompleted_mutex.unlock(); } } ThreadPool::ThreadPool() { m_numOfThreads = 0; m_NumOfThreadsDoingWork = 0; m_NumOfThreadsGivenJobs = 0; } ThreadPool::~ThreadPool() { if(m_numOfThreads) { DestroyThreadPool(); delete [] m_ThreadData; } } void ThreadPool::CreateThreads(int numOfThreads) { // Check a thread pool has already been created if(m_numOfThreads > 0) return; m_NumOfThreadsGivenJobs = 0; m_NumOfThreadsDoingWork = 0; m_numOfThreads = numOfThreads; m_ThreadData = new ThreadData[m_numOfThreads]; ThreadArgStruct threadArg; for(int i=0; i<m_numOfThreads; ++i) { threadArg.threadId = i; threadArg.threadPoolInstance = this; // Creates the thread and save in a list so we can destroy it later m_ThreadList.push_back( new tthread::thread( ThreadFuncWrapper, (void *)&threadArg ) ); // It takes a little time for a thread to get established. // Best wait until it gets established before creating the next thread. m_ThreadReady_mutex.lock(); while(!m_ThreadData[i].ready) // Check if thread is ready m_ThreadReady_condvar.wait(m_ThreadReady_mutex); // If not, wait here m_ThreadReady_mutex.unlock(); } } // Adds a job to the batch, but doesn't start the job void ThreadPool::SubmitJob(void (*workFunc)(void *), void *workData) { // Check that the thread pool has been created if(!m_numOfThreads) return; if(m_NumOfThreadsGivenJobs >= m_numOfThreads) return; m_ThreadData[m_NumOfThreadsGivenJobs].workFunc = workFunc; m_ThreadData[m_NumOfThreadsGivenJobs].workData = workData; std::cout << "Submitted job " << m_NumOfThreadsGivenJobs << std::endl; m_NumOfThreadsGivenJobs++; } void ThreadPool::StartJobs() { // Check that the thread pool has been created // and some jobs have been assigned if(!m_numOfThreads || !m_NumOfThreadsGivenJobs) return; // Set 'haveworkToDo' flag for all threads m_WorkToDo_mutex.lock(); for(int i=0; i<m_NumOfThreadsGivenJobs; ++i) m_ThreadData[i].haveWorkToDo = true; m_NumOfThreadsDoingWork = m_NumOfThreadsGivenJobs; // Reset this counter so we can resubmit jobs later m_NumOfThreadsGivenJobs = 0; // Notify all threads they have work to do m_WorkToDo_condvar.notify_all(); m_WorkToDo_mutex.unlock(); } void ThreadPool::WaitForJobsToComplete() { // Check that a thread pool has been created if(!m_numOfThreads) return; m_WorkCompleted_mutex.lock(); while(m_NumOfThreadsDoingWork > 0) // Check if all threads have completed their work m_WorkCompleted_condvar.wait(m_WorkCompleted_mutex); // If not, wait here m_WorkCompleted_mutex.unlock(); } void ThreadPool::DestroyThreadPool() { std::cout << "Ask threads to quit\n"; m_WorkToDo_mutex.lock(); for(int i=0; i<m_numOfThreads; ++i) { m_ThreadData[i].haveWorkToDo = true; m_ThreadData[i].typeOfWork = e_quit; } m_WorkToDo_condvar.notify_all(); m_WorkToDo_mutex.unlock(); // As each thread terminates, catch them here for(int i=0; i<m_numOfThreads; ++i) { tthread::thread *t = m_ThreadList[i]; // Wait for thread to complete t->join(); } m_numOfThreads = 0; } Example of usage: (this calculates pi-squared/6) struct CalculationDataStruct { int inputVal; double outputVal; }; void LongCalculation( void *theSums ) { CalculationDataStruct *sums = (CalculationDataStruct *)theSums; int terms = sums->inputVal; double sum; for(int i=1; i<terms; i++) sum += 1.0/( double(i)*double(i) ); sums->outputVal = sum; } int main(int argc, char** argv) { int numThreads = 10; // Create pool ThreadPool threadPool; threadPool.CreateThreads(numThreads); // Create thread workspace CalculationDataStruct sums[numThreads]; // Set up jobs for(int i=0; i<numThreads; i++) { sums[i].inputVal = 3000*(i+1); threadPool.SubmitJob(LongCalculation, &sums[i]); } // Run the jobs threadPool.StartJobs(); threadPool.WaitForJobsToComplete(); // Print results for(int i=0; i<numThreads; i++) std::cout << "Sum of " << sums[i].inputVal << " terms is " << sums[i].outputVal << std::endl; return 0; } Question: In the ThreadPool::ThreadFunc method, would better performance be obtained if the following if statement if(NumOfThreadsDoingWork == 0) was included? Also, I'd be grateful of criticisms and ways to improve the code. At the same time, I hope the code is of use to others.

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  • GLFW 3 initialized, yet not?

    - by mSkull
    I'm struggling with creating a window with the GLFW 3 function, glfwCreateWindow. I have set an error callback function, that pretty much just prints out the error number and description, and according to that the GLFW library have not been initialized, even though the glfwInit function just returned success? Here's an outtake from my code // Error callback function prints out any errors from GFLW to the console static void error_callback( int error, const char *description ) { cout << error << '\t' << description << endl; } bool Base::Init() { // Set error callback /*! * According to the documentation this can be use before glfwInit, * and removing won't change anything anyway */ glfwSetErrorCallback( error_callback ); // Initialize GLFW /*! * This return succesfull, but... */ if( !glfwInit() ) { cout << "INITIALIZER: Failed to initialize GLFW!" << endl; return false; } else { cout << "INITIALIZER: GLFW Initialized successfully!" << endl; } // Create window /*! * When this is called, or any other glfw functions, I get a * "65537 The GLFW library is not initialized" in the console, through * the error_callback function */ window = glfwCreateWindow( 800, 600, "GLFW Window", NULL, NULL ); if( !window ) { cout << "INITIALIZER: Failed to create window!" << endl; glfwTerminate(); return false; } // Set window to current context glfwMakeContextCurrent( window ); ... return true; } And here's what's printed out in the console INITIALIZER: GLFW Initialized succesfully! 65537 The GLFW library is not initialized INITIALIZER: Failed to create window! I think I'm getting the error because of the setup isn't entirely correct, but I've done the best I can with what I could find around the place I downloaded the windows 32 from glfw.org and stuck the 2 includes files from it into minGW/include/GLFW, the 2 .a files (from the lib-mingw folder) into minGW/lib and the dll, also from the lib-mingw folder, into Windows/System32 In code::blocks I have, from build options - linker settings, linked the 2 .a files from the download. I believe I need to link more things, but I can figure out what, or where I should get those things from.

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  • error C2784: Could not deduce template argument

    - by atch
    Hi guys, Still fighting with templates. In this example, despite the fact that is copied straight from a book I'm getting the following error message: Error 2 error C2784: 'IsClassT<T>::One IsClassT<T>::test(int C::* )' : could not deduce template argument for 'int C::* ' from 'int'. This is an example from a book Templates - The Complete Guide. (I work with Visual Studio 2010 RC). template<typename T> class IsClassT { private: typedef char One; typedef struct { char a[2]; } Two; template<typename C> static One test(int C::*); template<typename C> static Two test(…); public: enum { Yes = sizeof(IsClassT<T>::test<T>(0)) == 1 }; enum { No = !Yes }; }; class MyClass { }; struct MyStruct { }; union MyUnion { }; void myfunc() { } enum E {e1} e; // check by passing type as template argument template <typename T> void check() { if (IsClassT<T>::Yes) { std::cout << " IsClassT " << std::endl; } else { std::cout << " !IsClassT " << std::endl; } } // check by passing type as function call argument template <typename T> void checkT (T) { check<T>(); } int main() { /*std::cout << "int: "; check<int>(); */ std::cout << "MyClass: "; check<MyClass>(); } And although I know roughly what's going on in this example I cannot fix this error. Thanks for help.

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  • Why is my Pre to Postfix code not working?

    - by Anthony Glyadchenko
    For a class assignment, I have to use two stacks in C++ to make an equation to be converted to its left to right equivalent: 2+4*(3+4*8) -- 35*4+2 -- 142 Here is the main code: #include <iostream> #include <cstring> #include "ctStack.h" using namespace std; int main (int argc, char * const argv[]) { string expression = "2+4*2"; ctstack *output = new ctstack(expression.length()); ctstack *stack = new ctstack(expression.length()); bool previousIsANum = false; for(int i = 0; i < expression.length(); i++){ switch (expression[i]){ case '(': previousIsANum = false; stack->cmstackPush(expression[i]); break; case ')': previousIsANum = false; char x; while (x != '('){ stack->cmstackPop(x); output->cmstackPush(x); } break; case '0': case '1': case '2': case '3': case '4': case '5': case '6': case '7': case '8': case '9': cout << "A number" << endl; previousIsANum = true; output->cmstackPush(expression[i]); break; case '+': previousIsANum = false; cout << "+" << endl; break; case '-': previousIsANum = false; cout << "-" << endl; break; case '*': previousIsANum = false; cout << "*" << endl; break; case '/': previousIsANum = false; cout << "/" << endl; break; default: break; } } char i = ' '; while (stack->ltopOfStack > 0){ stack->cmstackPop(i); output->cmstackPush(i); cout << i << endl; } return 0; } Here is the stack code (watch out!): #include <cstdio> #include <assert.h> #include <new.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <iostream> class ctstack { private: long* lpstack ; // the stack itself long ltrue ; // constructor sets to 1 long lfalse ; // constructor sets to 0 // offset to top of the stack long lmaxEleInStack ; // maximum possible elements of stack public: long ltopOfStack ; ctstack ( long lnbrOfEleToAllocInStack ) { // Constructor lfalse = 0 ; // set to zero ltrue = 1 ; // set to one assert ( lnbrOfEleToAllocInStack > 0 ) ; // assure positive argument ltopOfStack = -1 ; // ltopOfStack is really an index lmaxEleInStack = lnbrOfEleToAllocInStack ; // set lmaxEleInStack to max ele lpstack = new long [ lmaxEleInStack ] ; // allocate stack assert ( lpstack ) ; // assure new succeeded } ~ctstack ( ) { // Destructor delete [ ] lpstack ; // Delete the stack itself } ctstack& operator= ( const ctstack& ctoriginStack) { // Assignment if ( this == &ctoriginStack ) // verify x not assigned to x return *this ; if ( this -> lmaxEleInStack < ctoriginStack . lmaxEleInStack ) { // if destination stack is smaller than delete [ ] this -> lpstack ; // original stack, delete dest and alloc this -> lpstack = // sufficient memory new long [ ctoriginStack . lmaxEleInStack ] ; assert ( this -> lpstack ) ; // assure new succeeded // reset stack size attribute this -> lmaxEleInStack = ctoriginStack . lmaxEleInStack ; } // copy original to destination stack for ( long i = 0 ; i < ctoriginStack . lmaxEleInStack ; i ++ ) *( this -> lpstack + i ) = *( ctoriginStack . lpstack + i ) ; this -> ltopOfStack = ctoriginStack . ltopOfStack ; // reset stack position attribute return *this ; } long cmstackPush (char lplaceInStack ) { // Push Method if ( ltopOfStack == lmaxEleInStack - 1 ) // stack is full can't add element return lfalse ; ltopOfStack ++ ; // acquire free slot *(lpstack + ltopOfStack ) = lplaceInStack ; // add element return ltrue ; // any number other than zero is true } long cmstackPop (char& lretrievedStackEle ) { // Pop Method if ( ltopOfStack < 0 ) { // stack has no elements lretrievedStackEle = -1 ; // dummy element return lfalse ; } lretrievedStackEle = *( lpstack + ltopOfStack ) ; // stack has element -- return it ltopOfStack -- ; // stack is pop'd return ltrue ; // any number other than zero is true } long cmstackLookAtTop (char& lretrievedStackEle ) { // Pop Method if ( ltopOfStack < 0 ) { // stack has no elements lretrievedStackEle = -1 ; // dummy element return lfalse ; } lretrievedStackEle = *( lpstack + ltopOfStack ) ; // stack has element -- return it return ltrue ; // any number other than zero is true } long cmstackHasAnEle (char& lretrievedTopOfStack ) { // Has element method lretrievedTopOfStack = ltopOfStack ; return ltopOfStack < 0 ? lfalse : ltrue ; // 0 - false stack does not have any ele } // 1 - true stack has at least one element long cmstackMaxNbrOfEle (char& lretrievedMaxStackEle ) { // Maximum element method lretrievedMaxStackEle = lmaxEleInStack ; // return stack size in reference var return ltrue ; // Return Maximum Size of Stack } } ; Thanks, Anthony.

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  • Is there any reasonable use of a function returning an anonymous struct?

    - by Akanksh
    Here is an (artificial) example of using a function that returns an anonymous struct and does "something" useful: #include <iostream> template<typename T> T* func( T* t, float a, float b ) { if(!t) { t = new T; t->a = a; t->b = b; } else { t->a += a; t->b += b; } return t; } struct { float a, b; }* foo(float a, float b) { if(a==0) return 0; return func(foo(a-1,b), a, b); } int main() { std::cout << foo(5,6)->a << std::endl; std::cout << foo(5,6)->b << std::endl; void* v = (void*)(foo(5,6)); float* f = (float*)(v); //[1] delete f now because I know struct is floats only. std::cout << f[0] << std::endl; std::cout << f[1] << std::endl; delete[] f; return 0; } There are a few points I would like to discuss: As is apparent, this code leaks, is there anyway I can NOT leak without knowing what the underlying struct definition is? see Comment [1]. I have to return a pointer to an anonymous struct so I can create an instance of the object within the templatized function func, can I do something similar without returning a pointer? I guess the most important, is there ANY (real-world) use for this at all? As the example given above leaks and is admittedly contrived. By the way, what the function foo(a,b) does is, to return a struct containing two numbers, the sum of all numbers from 1 to a and the product of a and b. EDIT: Maybe the line new T could use a boost::shared_ptr somehow to avoid leaks, but I haven't tried that. Would that work?

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  • list of polymorphic objects

    - by LivingThing
    I have a particular scenario below. The code below should print 'say()' function of B and C class and print 'B says..' and 'C says...' but it doesn't .Any ideas.. I am learning polymorphism so also have commented few questions related to it on the lines of code below. class A { public: // A() {} virtual void say() { std::cout << "Said IT ! " << std::endl; } virtual ~A(); //why virtual destructor ? }; void methodCall() // does it matters if the inherited class from A is in this method { class B : public A{ public: // virtual ~B(); //significance of virtual destructor in 'child' class virtual void say () // does the overrided method also has to be have the keyword 'virtual' { cout << "B Sayssss.... " << endl; } }; class C : public A{ public: //virtual ~C(); virtual void say () { cout << "C Says " << endl; } }; list<A> listOfAs; list<A>::iterator it; # 1st scenario B bObj; C cObj; A *aB = &bObj; A *aC = &cObj; # 2nd scenario // A aA; // B *Ba = &aA; // C *Ca = &aA; // I am declaring the objects as in 1st scenario but how about 2nd scenario, is this suppose to work too? listOfAs.insert(it,*aB); listOfAs.insert(it,*aC); for (it=listOfAs.begin(); it!=listOfAs.end(); it++) { cout << *it.say() << endl; } } int main() { methodCall(); retrun 0; }

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  • What is the proper use of boost::fusion::push_back?

    - by Kyle
    // ... snipped includes for iostream and fusion ... namespace fusion = boost::fusion; class Base { protected: int x; public: Base() : x(0) {} void chug() { x++; cout << "I'm a base.. x is now " << x << endl; } }; class Alpha : public Base { public: void chug() { x += 2; cout << "Hi, I'm an alpha, x is now " << x << endl; } }; class Bravo : public Base { public: void chug() { x += 3; cout << "Hello, I'm a bravo; x is now " << x << endl; } }; struct chug { template<typename T> void operator()(T& t) const { t->chug(); } }; int main() { typedef fusion::vector<Base*, Alpha*, Bravo*, Base*> Stuff; Stuff stuff(new Base, new Alpha, new Bravo, new Base); fusion::for_each(stuff, chug()); // Mutates each element in stuff as expected /* Output: I'm a base.. x is now 1 Hi, I'm an alpha, x is now 2 Hello, I'm a bravo; x is now 3 I'm a base.. x is now 1 */ cout << endl; // If I don't put 'const' in front of Stuff... typedef fusion::result_of::push_back<const Stuff, Alpha*>::type NewStuff; // ... then this complains because it wants stuff to be const: NewStuff newStuff = fusion::push_back(stuff, new Alpha); // ... But since stuff is now const, I can no longer mutate its elements :( fusion::for_each(newStuff, chug()); return 0; }; How do I get for_each(newStuff, chug()) to work? (Note: I'm only assuming from the overly brief documentation on boost::fusion that I am supposed to create a new vector every time I call push_back.)

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  • cuda/thrust: Trying to sort_by_key 2.8GB of data in 6GB of gpu RAM throws bad_alloc

    - by Sven K
    I have just started using thrust and one of the biggest issues I have so far is that there seems to be no documentation as to how much memory operations require. So I am not sure why the code below is throwing bad_alloc when trying to sort (before the sorting I still have 50% of GPU memory available, and I have 70GB of RAM available on the CPU)--can anyone shed some light on this? #include <thrust/device_vector.h> #include <thrust/sort.h> #include <thrust/random.h> void initialize_data(thrust::device_vector<uint64_t>& data) { thrust::fill(data.begin(), data.end(), 10); } #define BUFFERS 3 int main(void) { size_t N = 120 * 1024 * 1024; char line[256]; try { std::cout << "device_vector" << std::endl; typedef thrust::device_vector<uint64_t> vec64_t; // Each buffer is 900MB vec64_t c[3] = {vec64_t(N), vec64_t(N), vec64_t(N)}; initialize_data(c[0]); initialize_data(c[1]); initialize_data(c[2]); std::cout << "initialize_data finished... Press enter"; std::cin.getline(line, 0); // nvidia-smi reports 48% memory usage at this point (2959MB of // 6143MB) std::cout << "sort_by_key col 0" << std::endl; // throws bad_alloc thrust::sort_by_key(c[0].begin(), c[0].end(), thrust::make_zip_iterator(thrust::make_tuple(c[1].begin(), c[2].begin()))); std::cout << "sort_by_key col 1" << std::endl; thrust::sort_by_key(c[1].begin(), c[1].end(), thrust::make_zip_iterator(thrust::make_tuple(c[0].begin(), c[2].begin()))); } catch(thrust::system_error &e) { std::cerr << "Error: " << e.what() << std::endl; exit(-1); } return 0; }

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  • Resize an array of images with OpenCV

    - by amr
    I'm passing an array of images (IplImage**) to an object in C++ using OpenCV. I'm then trying to iterate over that array and resize them all to a fixed size (150x150) I'm doing it this way: for(int i = 0; i< this->numTrainingFaces; i++) { IplImage* frame_copy = cvCreateImage( cvSize(150,150), this->faceImageArray[0]->depth, this->faceImageArray[0]->nChannels ); cout << "Created image" << endl; cvResize(this->faceImageArray[i], frame_copy); cout << "Resized image" << endl; IplImage* grey_image = cvCreateImage( cvSize( frame_copy->width, frame_copy->height ), IPL_DEPTH_8U, 1 ); cout << "Created grey image" << endl; cvCvtColor( frame_copy, grey_image, CV_RGB2GRAY ); cout << "Converted image" << endl; this->faceImageArray[i] = grey_image; cvReleaseImage(&frame_copy); cvReleaseImage(&grey_image); } But I'm getting this output, and I'm not sure why: Created image Resized image Created grey image Converted image Created image OpenCV Error: Assertion failed (src.type() == dst.type()) in cvResize, file /build/buildd/opencv-2.1.0/src/cv/cvimgwarp.cpp, line 3102 terminate called after throwing an instance of 'cv::Exception' what(): /build/buildd/opencv-2.1.0/src/cv/cvimgwarp.cpp:3102: error: (-215) src.type() == dst.type() in function cvResize Aborted I'm basically just trying to replace the image in the array with the resized one in as few steps as possible. Edit: Revised my code as follows: for(int i = 0; i< this->numTrainingFaces; i++) { IplImage* frame_copy = cvCreateImage( cvSize(150,150), this->faceImageArray[i]->depth, this->faceImageArray[i]->nChannels ); cvResize(this->faceImageArray[i], frame_copy); IplImage* grey_image = cvCreateImage( cvSize( frame_copy->width, frame_copy->height ), IPL_DEPTH_8U, 1 ); cvCvtColor( frame_copy, grey_image, CV_RGB2GRAY ); faceImageArray[i] = cvCreateImage( cvSize(grey_image->width, grey_image->height), grey_image->depth, grey_image->nChannels); cvCopy(grey_image,faceImageArray[i]); cvReleaseImage(&frame_copy); cvReleaseImage(&grey_image); } Then later on I'm performing some PCA, and get this output: OpenCV Error: Null pointer (Null pointer to the written object) in cvWrite, file /build/buildd/opencv-2.1.0/src/cxcore/cxpersistence.cpp, line 4740 But I don't think my code has got to the point where I'm explicitly calling cvWrite, so it must be part of the library. I can give a full implementation if necessary - is there anything in my code that's going to create a null pointer?

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  • Cannot run public class in one .java from another

    - by DIOS
    I have created a basic program that takes whatever is input into two textfields and exports them to a file. I would now like to encrypt that file, and alredy have the encryptor. The problem is that I cannot call it. Here is my code for the encryptor: import java.io.File; import java.io.FileInputStream; import java.io.FileOutputStream; import java.io.*; import javax.crypto.Cipher; import javax.crypto.CipherInputStream; import javax.crypto.CipherOutputStream; import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec; public class FileEncryptor { private String algo; private File file; public FileEncryptor(String algo,String path) { this.algo=algo; //setting algo this.file=new File(path); //settong file } public void encrypt() throws Exception{ //opening streams FileInputStream fis =new FileInputStream(file); file=new File(file.getAbsolutePath()); FileOutputStream fos =new FileOutputStream(file); //generating key byte k[] = "HignDlPs".getBytes(); SecretKeySpec key = new SecretKeySpec(k,algo.split("/")[0]); //creating and initialising cipher and cipher streams Cipher encrypt = Cipher.getInstance(algo); encrypt.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, key); CipherOutputStream cout=new CipherOutputStream(fos, encrypt); byte[] buf = new byte[1024]; int read; while((read=fis.read(buf))!=-1) //reading data cout.write(buf,0,read); //writing encrypted data //closing streams fis.close(); cout.flush(); cout.close(); } public static void main (String[] args)throws Exception { new FileEncryptor("DES/ECB/PKCS5Padding","C:\\Users\\*******\\Desktop\\newtext").encrypt();//encrypts the current file. } } Here is the section of my file creator that is failing to call this: FileWriter fWriter = null; BufferedWriter writer = null; try{ fWriter = new FileWriter("C:\\Users\\*******\\Desktop\\newtext"); writer = new BufferedWriter(fWriter); writer.write(Data); writer.close(); f.dispose(); FileEncryptor encr = new FileEncryptor(); //problem lies here. encr.encrypt //public void that does the encryption. new complete(); //different .java that is working fine.

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  • Who calls the Destructor of the class when operator delete is used in multiple inheritance.

    - by dicaprio-leonard
    This question may sound too silly, however , I don't find concrete answer any where else. With little knowledge on how late binding works and virtual keyword used in inheritance. As in the code sample, when in case of inheritance where a base class pointer pointing to a derived class object created on heap and delete operator is used to deallocate the memory , the destructor of the of the derived and base will be called in order only when the base destructor is declared virtual function. Now my question is : 1) When the destructor of base is not virtual, why the problem of not calling derived dtor occur only when in case of using "delete" operator , why not in the case given below: derived drvd; base *bPtr; bPtr = &drvd; //DTOR called in proper order when goes out of scope. 2) When "delete" operator is used, who is reponsible to call the destructor of the class? The operator delete will have an implementation to call the DTOR ? or complier writes some extra stuff ? If the operator has the implementation then how does it looks like , [I need sample code how this would have been implemented]. 3) If virtual keyword is used in this example, how does operator delete now know which DTOR to call? Fundamentaly i want to know who calls the dtor of the class when delete is used. Sample Code class base { public: base() { cout<<"Base CTOR called"<<endl; } virtual ~base() { cout<<"Base DTOR called"<<endl; } }; class derived:public base { public: derived() { cout<<"Derived CTOR called"<<endl; } ~derived() { cout<<"Derived DTOR called"<<endl; } }; I'm not sure if this is a duplicate, I couldn't find in search. int main() { base *bPtr = new derived(); delete bPtr;// only when you explicitly try to delete an object return 0; }

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  • xerces-c: Xml parsing multiple files

    - by user459811
    I'm atempting to learn xerces-c and was following this tutorial online. http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/XML-Xerces-C.html I was able to get the tutorial to compile and run through a memory checker (valgrind) with no problems however when I made alterations to the program slightly, the memory checker returned some potential leak bytes. I only added a few extra lines to main to allow the program to read two files instead of one. int main() { string configFile="sample.xml"; // stat file. Get ambigious segfault otherwise. GetConfig appConfig; appConfig.readConfigFile(configFile); cout << "Application option A=" << appConfig.getOptionA() << endl; cout << "Application option B=" << appConfig.getOptionB() << endl; // Added code configFile = "sample1.xml"; appConfig.readConfigFile(configFile); cout << "Application option A=" << appConfig.getOptionA() << endl; cout << "Application option B=" << appConfig.getOptionB() << endl; return 0; } I was wondering why is it when I added the extra lines of code to read in another xml file, it would result in the following output? ==776== Using Valgrind-3.6.0 and LibVEX; rerun with -h for copyright info ==776== Command: ./a.out ==776== Application option A=10 Application option B=24 Application option A=30 Application option B=40 ==776== ==776== HEAP SUMMARY: ==776== in use at exit: 6 bytes in 2 blocks ==776== total heap usage: 4,031 allocs, 4,029 frees, 1,092,045 bytes allocated ==776== ==776== 3 bytes in 1 blocks are definitely lost in loss record 1 of 2 ==776== at 0x4C28B8C: operator new(unsigned long) (vg_replace_malloc.c:261) ==776== by 0x5225E9B: xercesc_3_1::MemoryManagerImpl::allocate(unsigned long) (MemoryManagerImpl.cpp:40) ==776== by 0x53006C8: xercesc_3_1::IconvGNULCPTranscoder::transcode(unsigned short const*, xercesc_3_1::MemoryManager*) (IconvGNUTransService.cpp:751) ==776== by 0x4038E7: GetConfig::readConfigFile(std::string&) (in /home/bonniehan/workspace/test/a.out) ==776== by 0x403B13: main (in /home/bonniehan/workspace/test/a.out) ==776== ==776== 3 bytes in 1 blocks are definitely lost in loss record 2 of 2 ==776== at 0x4C28B8C: operator new(unsigned long) (vg_replace_malloc.c:261) ==776== by 0x5225E9B: xercesc_3_1::MemoryManagerImpl::allocate(unsigned long) (MemoryManagerImpl.cpp:40) ==776== by 0x53006C8: xercesc_3_1::IconvGNULCPTranscoder::transcode(unsigned short const*, xercesc_3_1::MemoryManager*) (IconvGNUTransService.cpp:751) ==776== by 0x40393F: GetConfig::readConfigFile(std::string&) (in /home/bonniehan/workspace/test/a.out) ==776== by 0x403B13: main (in /home/bonniehan/workspace/test/a.out) ==776== ==776== LEAK SUMMARY: ==776== definitely lost: 6 bytes in 2 blocks ==776== indirectly lost: 0 bytes in 0 blocks ==776== possibly lost: 0 bytes in 0 blocks ==776== still reachable: 0 bytes in 0 blocks ==776== suppressed: 0 bytes in 0 blocks ==776== ==776== For counts of detected and suppressed errors, rerun with: -v ==776== ERROR SUMMARY: 2 errors from 2 contexts (suppressed: 2 from 2)

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  • C++ program Telephone Directory from a file

    - by Stacy Doyle
    I am writing a program for a phone directory. The user inputs a name and the program searches the file and either outputs the number or an error because the persons name is not in the file. The program should also ask the user if they would like to continue using the program and look up another number. So far runs and asks for the name and then prints the error message that I put in place saying that the name is not in the database. I am guessing that I must not really be having my program look in the file but not sure what to do also don't know how to get the program to run again if the user chooses to continue. #include <iostream> #include <fstream> #include <string> #include <iomanip> using namespace std; char chr; int main() { string first; string last; string number; string firstfile; string lastfile; string numberfile; int cont; ifstream infile; infile.open("name and numbers.dat"); //opening the file infile>>firstfile>>lastfile>>numberfile; cout<<"Enter a first and last name."<<endl; //Asking user for the input cin>>first>>last; //input the data { if(first==firstfile && last==lastfile) //if the entered information matches the information in the file cout<<first<<" "<<last<<"'s number is "<<numberfile<<endl; //this is printed else cout<<"Sorry that is not in our database."<<endl; //if the information doesn't match this is printed } cout<<"Would you like to search for another name? Y or N"<<endl; //user is asked if they would like to continue cin>>cont; infile.close(); //close file cin>>chr; return 0; }

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  • Continue executing with thrown exception?

    - by fsdfa
    There's something really weird, I have (in C++): func(); cout << "Heeey" << endl; And func, throws an exception: "throw string("ERROR");". But the cout is done, and the exception is successfully catched. Why it prints "Heeey" if there was an exception before?.

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  • I need to speed this code at least 2 times!

    - by Dominating
    include include include include using namespace std; inline void PrintMapName(multimap pN, string s) { pair::iterator, multimap::iterator ii; multimap::iterator it; ii = pN.equal_range(s); multimap tmp; for(it = ii.first; it != ii.second; ++it) { tmp.insert(pair(it-second,1)); } multimap::iterator i; bool flag = false; for(i = tmp.begin(); i != tmp.end(); i++) { if(flag) { cout<<" "; } cout<first; if(flag) { cout<<" "; } flag = true; } cout< int main() { multimap phoneNums; multimap numPhones; int N; cinN; int tests; string tmp, tmp1,tmp2; while(N 0) { cintests; while(tests 0) { cintmp; if(tmp == "add") { cintmp1tmp2; phoneNums.insert(pair(tmp1,tmp2)); numPhones.insert(pair(tmp2,tmp1)); } else { if(tmp == "delnum") { cintmp1; multimap::iterator it; multimap::iterator tmpr; for(it = phoneNums.begin(); it != phoneNums.end();it++) { tmpr = it; if(it-second == tmp1) { phoneNums.erase(it,tmpr); } } numPhones.erase(tmp1); } else { if(tmp == "delname") { cintmp1; phoneNums.erase(tmp1); multimap::iterator it; multimap::iterator tmpr; for(it = numPhones.begin(); it != numPhones.end();it++) { tmpr = it; if(it-second == tmp1) { numPhones.erase(it,tmpr); } } } else { if(tmp =="queryname") { cintmp1; PrintMapName(phoneNums, tmp1); } else//querynum { cintmp1; PrintMapName(numPhones, tmp1); } } } } tests--; } N--; } return 0; }

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  • Still failing a function, not sure why...ideas on test cases to run?

    - by igor
    I've been trying to get this Sudoku game working, and I am still failing some of the individual functions. All together the game works, but when I run it through an "autograder", some test cases fail.. Currently I am stuck on the following function, placeValue, failing. I do have the output that I get vs. what the correct one should be, but am confused..what is something going on? EDIT: I do not know what input/calls they make to the function. What happens is that "invalid row" is outputted after every placeValue call, and I can't trace why.. Here is the output (mine + correct one) if it's at all helpful: http://pastebin.com/Wd3P3nDA Here is placeValue, and following is getCoords that placeValue calls.. void placeValue(Square board[BOARD_SIZE][BOARD_SIZE]) { int x,y,value; if(getCoords(x,y)) { cin>>value; if(board[x][y].permanent) { cout<< endl << "That location cannot be changed"; } else if(!(value>=1 && value<=9)) { cout << "Invalid number"<< endl; clearInput(); } else if(validMove(board, x, y, value)) { board[x][y].number=value; } } } bool getCoords(int & x, int & y) { char row; y=0; cin>>row>>y; x = static_cast<int>(toupper(row)); if (isalpha(row) && (x >= 'A' && x <= 'I') && y >= 1 && y <= 9) { x = x - 'A'; // converts x from a letter to corresponding index in matrix y = y - 1; // converts y to corresponding index in matrix return (true); } else if (!(x >= 'A' && x <= 'I')) { cout<<"Invalid row"<<endl; clearInput(); return false; } else { cout<<"Invalid column"<<endl; clearInput(); return false; } }

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