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  • SQL 2K5 - Multiple databases vs. Multiple files

    - by Bob Palmer
    Hey all, quick question. Our current legacy system was built using multiple distinct databases (about ten of them). These are all part of the same discreet system, and a large number of SPs and functionalty span multiple databases. There are also key relationships that span (for example, a header table may be in database A with history, etc. in database B). When deploying multiple copies of our app to the same server therefore, we have to use multiple instances (because the database names are coded into so many sprocs). We're evaluating the idea of taking these ten databases (about 30gb total with individual sizes ranging from 100mb to 10gb) and merging them into a single database. Currently, we have our databases spread accross multiple spindles for better IO. The question I have is whether or not there is any performance loss or benefit of having 10 different databases vs. 10 different database files? i.e. rather than having three databases (A, B, and C) Disk D: A.mdf (1gb) Disk E: B.mdf (4gb) Disk F: C.mdf (10gb) Disk G: A_Log.ldf, B_Log.ldf, C_Log.ldf have one database (X) Disk D: X1.mdf (5gb) Disk E: X2.mdf (5gb) Disk F: X3.mdf (5gb) Disk G: X1_log.ldf,X2_log.ldf,X3_log.ldf Thanks! -Bob

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  • Windows Server 2008 - RAID 5 Fails on Reboot

    - by Adam
    Hey, I've got an install of Windows Server 2008 Enterprise. It's running software RAID-5 with five disks. The disks were originally formatted under Windows Server 2003, but came up fine once I installed Windows Server 2008. The issue I'm having is that every time I reboot the server, the RAID comes up with a "Failed Redundancy" - the data stays available. I have 4 disks on a PCI SATA controller, and one of the disks connected to the motherboard's on-board SATA ports. (The other on-board port has the system disk connected.) I was having Disk #4 fail consistently, so I tried swapping the cables on the controller end. I swapped the on-board RAID disk with one on the PCI controller. Same issue now, expect with disk #1. Once the system's up, I can reactivate the RAID, it will resync for a while, then go to "Healthy", and will stay that way for an indefinite amount of time - until I reboot. As soon as I reboot, the disk drops again. I've ruled out disk + cable with the recabling. I don't believe it would be the controller as it seems to work fine most of the time - only failing on reboot, and the other port on the same controller connects the system disk - which is clearly working. I did look in the event log, but didn't see anything particularly relevant (although I didn't know what I was looking for - just looked for anything with a "Warning" or "Error" symbol that looked disk-related :)). I'm not particularly familiar with RAID on Windows, does anyone have any idea why this might be doing this? Any idea how to fix it? Any suggestions appreciated! -- Adam

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  • How do I copy files between harddrives on Ubuntu CLI?

    - by ed209
    I have a dedicated server with a 120gb main ssd. The server happens to come with a couple of 3000GB hard drives. I'd like to use them to back up my main drive. Preferably, I'd like one as an exact copy of the main SSD and the other with incremental backups of the mysql database and a user uploads file. These are the drives I have Disk /dev/sda: 120.0 GB, 120034123776 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 14593 cylinders, total 234441648 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x000f2e18 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 2048 4196352 2097152+ 83 Linux /dev/sda2 4198400 5246976 524288+ 83 Linux /dev/sda3 5249024 234441647 114596312 83 Linux Disk /dev/sdb: 3000.6 GB, 3000592982016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 364801 cylinders, total 5860533168 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/sdb doesn't contain a valid partition table Disk /dev/sdc: 3000.6 GB, 3000592982016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 364801 cylinders, total 5860533168 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/sdc doesn't contain a valid partition table The first problem I have, is that I have no idea how to copy from one drive to another. Kind of embarrassing I know, but I don't know where to start. I'm thinking of this in terms of Mac OS cli where I'm able to copy between /Volumes - is there an equivalent? (there is nothing under /mnt or /media)

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  • How to fix missing RAID1 drive

    - by Sodved
    I had to do some fiddling about with my cables inside thebox and now I am getting a "Critical Error" about the RAID disks during startup. I have a gigabyte GA-MA770T-UD3 motherboard. Aparently the RAID controller is an AMD SB710 chip. I'm pretty sure I know what happenned. The first time I rebooted I had forgotten the power cable on one of the disks in the RAID1 (mirror) and let it boot up. So I shut down and put the power back in. So now when it boots up I go into the RAID admin interface (between the BIOS screen and the OS loading): it shows the RAID1 as in error the logical device has one disk and says the other is disconnected or missing the other physical disk shows up as a single disk If I boot to the OS (Windows 7 32 bit) the data all seems to be there. If I go into computer management it says my partition is on a disk and working OK. But the other disk is offline because: "The disk is offline because it has a signature collision with another disk that is online" So I am guessing because I STUPIDLY booted up with only one of the disks powered on, the other disk fell out of synch with the mirror and so now cannot rejoin the mirror. How do I fix this? I want to get the RAID1 mirror working again. There does not appear to be any "Repair" option in the basic RAID admin tool which I get into during startup before the OS boots. I have not made any explicit changes to the online one (but I guess the OS has probably written some admin data).

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  • Remove partition for failed installation

    - by kapitanluffy
    i tried installing ubuntu alongside windows 7 Installing Ubuntu alongside Windows and i failed so i decided to go with wubi again. after installing it, i noticed a separate hard disk. i investigated and found out that this hard disk is actually for the failed installation. i don't know where to find it inside the windows system. can anyone please teach me how to remove the 'failed' hard disk. here's a screenshot the left side is the current filesystem. the right side on the other hand is the 'failed' harddisk. i verified that it is the failed one because the wubi installation will provide a 'host' folder for the current partition it is currently installed. i tried looking for the 'failed' one using the windows' commandline but i don't know where to look for the 'failed' disk. (i used the cmd coz i don't want root.disk to mysteriously disappear again.) see http://ubuntu-with-wubi.blogspot.com/2011/01/mystery-of-disappearing-rootdisk.html

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  • remove failed ubuntu installation

    - by kapitanluffy
    i tried installing ubuntu alongside windows 7 Installing Ubuntu alongside Windows and i failed so i decided to go with wubi again. after installing it, i noticed a separate hard disk. i investigated and found out that this hard disk is actually for the failed installation. i don't know where to find it inside the windows system. can anyone please teach me how to remove the 'failed' hard disk. here's a screenshot the left side is the current filesystem. the right side on the other hand is the 'failed' harddisk. i verified that it is the failed one because the wubi installation will provide a 'host' folder for the current partition it is currently installed. i tried looking for the 'failed' one using the windows' commandline but i don't know where to look for the 'failed' disk. (i used the cmd coz i don't want root.disk to mysteriously disappear again.) see http://ubuntu-with-wubi.blogspot.com/2011/01/mystery-of-disappearing-rootdisk.html

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  • Error MSB4019: The imported project "C:\Program Files\MSBuild\Microsoft\VisualStudio\v10.0\WebApplications\Microsoft.WebApplication.targets" was not found. Confirm that the path in the <Import> declaration is correct, and that the file exists on disk

    - by Tim Huffam
    This error occurred on our TFS2008 build server which we had upgraded to cater for VS2010 projects (by installing VS2010 on the build server - see this article). Error MSB4019: The imported project "C:\Program Files\MSBuild\Microsoft\VisualStudio\v10.0\WebApplications\Microsoft.WebApplication.targets" was not found. Confirm that the path in the <Import> declaration is correct, and that the file exists on disk. However - although we had installed VS2010 on the build server - we had not installed the web development components (Visual Web Developer) - this is what caused the error. To fix - simply add the web development components: Go into Control Panel - Add or Remove Programs Select Microsoft Visual Studio 2010, and click on Change/Remove In the VS Maintenance Mode screens, select Add or Remove Features In the Setup - Options page make sure 'Visual Web Developer' is checked. Click on Update.   You shouldn't need to restart your build service. HTH Tim

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  • Are there any non-english programming languages? [closed]

    - by samarudge
    Possible Duplicate: Non-English-based programming languages Not sure if this is the right place to ask this, but I'm going to anyway. Without fail, every programming language I've ever seen, used or heard of has it's keywords based around English. if, else, while, for, query, foreach, image, path, extension, the list goes on, are all based around English words. Are there any languages, or ports of languages that base their core keywords based on non-english words to lower the wall for non-english speaking programmers? This is mostly for intrest (English is my first language so it's no problem for me). Are these languages popular locally (I.E. might a software development house in Germany use a programming language based in German over one based in English).

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  • Installing Ubuntu 12.04.1 x64 with Fake RAID 1 [SOLVED]

    - by Arkadius
    I had: Software: Dual boot with Windows XP Ubuntu 10.04 LTS x32 Hardware Fake RAID 1 (mirroring) with 2x1 TB: Partition 1 - Windows Partition 2 - SWAP Partition 3 - / (root) Partition 4 - Extended Partition 5 - /home Partition 6 - /data arek@domek:/var/log/installer$ sudo fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda: 1000.2 GB, 1000204886016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 121601 cylinders, total 1953525168 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x000de1b9 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 63 524297339 262148638+ 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT /dev/sda2 524297340 528506369 2104515 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sda3 528506370 570468149 20980890 83 Linux /dev/sda4 570468150 1953118439 691325145 5 Extended /dev/sda5 570468213 675340469 52436128+ 83 Linux /dev/sda6 675340533 1953118439 638888953+ 83 Linux Disk /dev/sdb: 1000.2 GB, 1000204886016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 121601 cylinders, total 1953525168 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x000de1b9 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 * 63 524297339 262148638+ 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT /dev/sdb2 524297340 528506369 2104515 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sdb3 528506370 570468149 20980890 83 Linux /dev/sdb4 570468150 1953118439 691325145 5 Extended /dev/sdb5 570468213 675340469 52436128+ 83 Linux /dev/sdb6 675340533 1953118439 638888953+ 83 Linux arek@domek:/var/log/installer$ ls -l /dev/mapper/ total 0 crw------- 1 root root 10, 236 Oct 7 20:17 control lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 7 Oct 7 20:17 pdc_jhjbcaha -> ../dm-0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 7 Oct 7 20:17 pdc_jhjbcaha1 -> ../dm-1 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 7 Oct 7 20:17 pdc_jhjbcaha2 -> ../dm-2 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 7 Oct 7 20:17 pdc_jhjbcaha3 -> ../dm-3 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 7 Oct 7 20:17 pdc_jhjbcaha4 -> ../dm-4 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 7 Oct 7 20:17 pdc_jhjbcaha5 -> ../dm-5 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 7 Oct 7 20:17 pdc_jhjbcaha6 -> ../dm-6 I wanted to upgrade from 10.04 x32 to 12.04 x64 using FRESH installation. So, run installation of Ubuntu 12.04.1 x64 LTS using alternate CD. During the installation I selected manual partitioning and to: - Use and Format / (root) - Use and Format SWAP - Use and Keep data on /home - Use and Keep data on /data After I clicked "Continue" I get error creating and formatting SWAP partition. I go to terminal with Alt + F2 (?) and hit enter. I discovered that there was visible RAID as only disk with NO partitions. Something like this: arek@domek:/var/log/installer$ ls -l /dev/mapper/ lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 7 Oct 7 20:17 /dev/mapper/pdc_jhjbcaha -> ../dm-0 arek@domek:/var/log/installer$ ls -l /dev/dm* brw-rw---- 1 root disk 252, 0 Oct 7 20:17 /dev/dm-0 So I switched to log console Alt+F3 (?) and saw errors like below: Oct 7 14:02:45 check-missing-firmware: /dev/.udev/firmware-missing does not exist, skipping Oct 7 14:02:45 check-missing-firmware: /run/udev/firmware-missing does not exist, skipping Oct 7 14:02:45 check-missing-firmware: no missing firmware in /dev/.udev/firmware-missing /run/udev/firmware-missing Oct 7 14:02:45 anna-install: Installing dmraid-udeb Oct 7 14:02:45 anna[12599]: DEBUG: retrieving dmraid-udeb 1.0.0.rc16-4.1ubuntu8 Oct 7 14:02:49 anna[12599]: DEBUG: retrieving libdmraid1.0.0.rc16-udeb 1.0.0.rc16-4.1ubuntu8 Oct 7 14:02:49 anna[12599]: DEBUG: retrieving kpartx-udeb 0.4.9-3ubuntu5 Oct 7 14:02:49 disk-detect: Serial ATA RAID disk(s) detected. Oct 7 14:02:55 disk-detect: Enabling dmraid support. Oct 7 14:02:55 disk-detect: RAID set "pdc_jhjbcaha" was activated Oct 7 14:02:55 HERE --> dmraid-activate: ERROR: Cannot retrieve RAID set information for pdc_jhjbcaha Oct 7 14:02:56 check-missing-firmware: /dev/.udev/firmware-missing does not exist, skipping Oct 7 14:02:56 check-missing-firmware: /run/udev/firmware-missing does not exist, skipping Oct 7 14:02:56 check-missing-firmware: no missing firmware in /dev/.udev/firmware-missing /run/udev/firmware-missing Oct 7 14:02:57 main-menu[428]: DEBUG: resolver (libnewt0.52): package doesn't exist (ignored) Oct 7 14:02:57 main-menu[428]: DEBUG: resolver (ext2-modules): package doesn't exist (ignored) Oct 7 14:02:57 main-menu[428]: INFO: Menu item 'partman-base' selected Oct 7 14:02:57 kernel: [ 316.512999] NTFS driver 2.1.30 [Flags: R/O MODULE]. Oct 7 14:02:57 kernel: [ 316.523221] Btrfs loaded Oct 7 14:02:57 kernel: [ 316.534781] JFS: nTxBlock = 8192, nTxLock = 65536 Oct 7 14:02:57 kernel: [ 316.554749] SGI XFS with ACLs, security attributes, realtime, large block/inode numbers, no debug enabled Oct 7 14:02:57 kernel: [ 316.555336] SGI XFS Quota Management subsystem Oct 7 14:02:58 md-devices: mdadm: No arrays found in config file or automatically Oct 7 14:02:58 partman: No matching physical volumes found Oct 7 14:02:58 partman: No volume groups found Oct 7 14:02:58 partman: Reading all physical volumes. This may take a while... Oct 7 14:02:58 partman-lvm: No volume groups found Oct 7 14:02:58 partman: Error running 'tune2fs -l /dev/mapper/pdc_jhjbcaha' Oct 7 14:02:58 partman: Error running 'tune2fs -l /dev/mapper/pdc_jhjbcaha' Oct 7 14:02:58 partman: Error running 'tune2fs -l /dev/mapper/pdc_jhjbcaha' Oct 7 14:06:11 HERE --> partman: mkswap: can't open '/dev/mapper/pdc_jhjbcaha2': No such file or directory Oct 7 14:07:28 init: starting pid 401, tty '/dev/tty2': '-/bin/sh' Oct 7 14:15:00 net/hw-detect.hotplug: Detected hotpluggable network interface eth0 Oct 7 14:15:00 net/hw-detect.hotplug: Detected hotpluggable network interface lo As You can see there are 2 errors Oct 7 14:02:55 dmraid-activate: ERROR: Cannot retrieve RAID set information for pdc_jhjbcaha and Oct 7 14:06:11 partman: mkswap: can't open '/dev/mapper/pdc_jhjbcaha2': No such file or directory I looked in the internet and try to run command "dmraid -ay" and get something like that: dmraid -ay /dev/mapper/pdc_jhjbcaha -> Already activated /dev/mapper/pdc_jhjbcaha1 -> Successfully activated /dev/mapper/pdc_jhjbcaha2 -> Successfully activated /dev/mapper/pdc_jhjbcaha3 -> Successfully activated /dev/mapper/pdc_jhjbcaha4 -> Successfully activated /dev/mapper/pdc_jhjbcaha5 -> Successfully activated /dev/mapper/pdc_jhjbcaha6 -> Successfully activated Then I returned to installer with Alt+F1 (?) and click "Return" to return to partitioning menu. I did NOT change anything just selected again "Continue" and everything goes smoothly. I hope this will help someone. arkadius

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  • How do I take an image/backup of Ubuntu partition and restore to VirtualBox VM

    - by whizkid
    I have Ubuntu 10.04 installed on an older hard disk. I recently bought a new disk and already installed Windows 7. I dont want to use the older disk anymore, and I would like to keep on using Ubuntu in a virtual machine on the new disk(to avoid the possible mess-ups of dual boot and I found VirtualBox is the best free tool for this). I wish to keep the exact same data\programs\configurations\settings I had been using in Ubuntu for so long, and avoid the tedious part of having to reconfigure so many things. How do I backup\restore Ubuntu to another disk? I would prefer a free tool to do the backup\restore.

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  • How to use more than 3 virtual disks in Linux using CentOS and XenServer

    - by 010110110101
    I've attached 5 virtual disks to a Virtual Machine in Citrix XenServer. The VM has the xs-tools installed. Initially it said that it couldn't add so many disks. After I installed the xs-tools, it let me add all the disks. But /dev doesn't show all the disks. It shows these: /dev/xvda /dev/xvdb /dev/xvdc /dev/cdrom Perhaps it is bound by the limits of an IDE bus? (3 disks + CD-ROM) If so, how does one change the VM to use SCSI? Edit: According to the documentation: 2.6.3. VM Block Devices In the PV Linux case, block devices are passed through as PV devices. XenServer does not attempt to emulate SCSI or IDE, but instead provides a more suitable interface in the virtual environment in the form of xvd* devices. It is also possible to get an sd* device using the same mechanism, where the PV driver inside the VM takes over the SCSI device namespace. This is not desirable so it is best to use xvd* where possible for PV guests (this is the default for Debian and RHEL). For Windows or other fully virtualized guests, XenServer emulates an IDE bus in the form of an hd* device. When using Windows, installing the Citrix Tools for Virtual Machines installs a special PV driver that works in a similar way to Linux, except in the fully virtualized environment. Still, with 5 virtual disks attached, I don't see the other xvd devices. Edit #2: (attached requested info) Host Machine: XenServer 6.1 Linux version 2.6.32.43-0.4.1.xs1.6.10.777.170770xen (geeko@buildhost) (gcc version 4.1.2 20080704 (Red Hat 4.1.2-51)) #1 SMP Wed Apr 17 05:52:03 EDT 2013 Guest Machine: CentOS release 6.4 (Final) Linux version 2.6.32-358.6.2.el6.x86_64 ([email protected]) (gcc version 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-3) (GCC) ) #1 SMP Thu May 16 20:59:36 UTC 2013 Output of 'fdisk -l' on Guest Machine: Note, the disk beyond the first 3 attached are not displaying -- there should be 4 100GB disks. (There are a total of 5 disks displayed in XenCenter -- 16GB, 100GB, 100GB, 100GB, 100GB) Disk /dev/xvdb: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 13054 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0xfb6c95b9 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/xvdb1 1 13054 104856223+ 83 Linux Disk /dev/xvda: 17.2 GB, 17179869184 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2088 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x000e5f41 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/xvda1 * 1 64 512000 83 Linux Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/xvda2 64 2089 16264192 8e Linux LVM Disk /dev/xvdc: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 13054 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0xed249ced Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/xvdc1 1 13054 104856223+ 83 Linux Disk /dev/mapper/vg_blue-lv_root: 14.6 GB, 14571012096 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1771 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/mapper/vg_blue-lv_swap: 2080 MB, 2080374784 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 252 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 I see that the Linux versions say SMP. The Guest VM doesn't say "xen" in the name. However, I have already run yum install kernel-xen. Could be a clue?

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  • Removing mdadm array and converting to regular disks while preserving data

    - by Jeffrey Kevin Pry
    I have a 6 disk (2TB each) mdadm RAID 5 volume created in Ubuntu 12.04 Server. However, I'm moving to a different solution and want to "unraid" my disks but keep the data. Only 50% is in use. From what I can surmise I basically have to do this recursively for each physical disk. Fail the disk Format the failed disk Move a portion of files to the new disk. Reshape the array Shrink the logical volume md0 This seems like a very time consuming process. Is there an easier way to do this (automatically perhaps) without buying new disks to temporarily hold the data? I am also aware that during this processing my RAID volume will be degraded and vulnerable the entire time. I am not too concerned about this and will be using battery backup and moving the most important files off first. Thank you for your help!

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  • I/O errors are reported when I try to install Ubuntu, but the SMART data is good. Is my hard disk dying?

    - by James
    When I try to install linux, it tells me there is an input output error on dev sda. I have tried both Ubuntu and Mint on two different computers. So that narrows it down to the hdd. After hours of googling and trying different things I tried making the hardrive ext4 with gparted but that comes up with an error. This makes me think that the hdd is bad. There are a few reasons I think the hdd isn't bad. I can use the hdd in windows fully. Windows and gparted disk health checks both say it is fine. Its SMART data is all good. So... help?

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  • Why don't I have the option ''Install Ubuntu alongside with them''

    - by almqgh
    Why dont I have this option? here are my disk sudo fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda: 640.1 GB, 640135028736 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 77825 cylinders, total 1250263728 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x5b53cc54 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 2048 409599 203776 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT /dev/sda2 409600 1153767021 576678711 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT /dev/sda3 1216962560 1250050047 16543744 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT /dev/sda4 1250050048 1250261679 105816 c W95 FAT32 (LBA) Disk /dev/sdb: 4005 MB, 4005527552 bytes 32 heads, 63 sectors/track, 3880 cylinders, total 7823296 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x20d8782d Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 * 63 7822079 3911008+ c W95 FAT32 (LBA)

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  • Grub not showing installed kernels

    - by Markus
    Although I have several kernel versions in /boot and having them in my grub.cfg, they are not displayed in the grub boot menu. Running update-grub seems to work, as it puts the kernels in the grub.cfg in /boot/grub. Issueing it gives the following output: Generating grub.cfg ... cat: /boot/grub/video.lst: Datei oder Verzeichnis nicht gefunden Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-31-generic Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-31-generic /usr/sbin/grub-probe: Fehler: no such disk. /usr/sbin/grub-probe: Fehler: no such disk. Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-30-generic Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-30-generic /usr/sbin/grub-probe: Fehler: no such disk. /usr/sbin/grub-probe: Fehler: no such disk. /usr/sbin/grub-probe: Fehler: no such disk. done I don't know how to fix that problem. Reinstalling grub via live cd did not help.

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  • What is the best freeware app for Windows to mount EXT4 partitions (from a GPT 4TB Disk) as RW, safely without corrupting the EXT4 partition?

    - by Bran
    My Computer is set up as Dualboot Windows and Ubuntu. I have 1 OS drive, and 1 hard drive with a /backup partition (which has all my family photos and data) and it is ext4. Also note... it is EXT4, and it is GPT, and it is 4TB size. Anyway, Windows can not mount the /backup ext4 partition. What software/freeware do you reccomend for Windows? Preferrably looking for someone with experiance using it for a long time and not have problems with EXT4 partition which is a 4TB, GPT Disk. Thank you for your advice and guidance! Always, appreciate everyones help at askubuntu, you guys are the best. Any ideas?

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  • Why did my flash drive become "read only" and (how) can I fix it?

    - by Bob
    I have a brand new flash drive (one week old) that has become marked as read only, by Windows, Kubuntu and a bootable partitioner. Why did this happen? Is it fixable? If it is, how can I fix this? The problem Firstly, this drive is new. It's certainly not been used enough to die from normal wear and tear, though I would not discount defective components. The drive itself has somehow become locked in a read only state. Windows' Disk management: Diskpart: Generic Flash Disk USB Device Disk ID: 33FA33FA Type : USB Status : Online Path : 0 Target : 0 LUN ID : 0 Location Path : UNAVAILABLE Current Read-only State : Yes Read-only : No Boot Disk : No Pagefile Disk : No Hibernation File Disk : No Crashdump Disk : No Clustered Disk : No What really confuses me is Current Read-only State : Yes and Read-only : No. Attempted solutions So far, I've tried: Formatting it in Windows (in Disk management, the format options are greyed out when right clicking). DiskPart Clean (CLEAN - Clear the configuration information, or all information, off the disk.): DISKPART> clean DiskPart has encountered an error: The media is write protected. See the System Event Log for more information. There was nothing in the event log. Windows command line format >format G: Insert new disk for drive G: and press ENTER when ready... The type of the file system is FAT32. Verifying 7740M Cannot format. This volume is write protected. Windows chkdsk: see below for details Kubuntu fsck (through VirtualBox USB passthrough): see below for details Acronis True Image to format, to convert to GPT, to destroy and rebuild MBR, basically anything: failed (could not write to MBR) Details (and a nice story) Background This was a brand new, generic, 8GB flash drive I wanted to create a multiboot flash drive with. It came formatted as FAT32, though oddly a little larger than most 8 GIGAbyte flash drives I've come across. Approximately 127MB was listed as "used" by Windows. I never discovered why. The end usable space was about what I normally expect from a 8GB drive (approx 7.4 GIBIbytes). I had thrown quite a few Linux distros on, along with a copy of Hiren's. They would all boot perfectly. They were put on with YUMI. When I tried to put the Knoppix DVD on, YUMI added an odd video option to its boot comman which caused Knoppix to boot with a black screen on X. ttys 1 through 6 still worked as text only interfaces. A few days later, I took some time to take that odd video option off, making the boot command match the one that comes with Knoppix. On the attempt to boot, Knoppix reported some form of LZMA corruption. Leading up to the current issue I was thinking the Knoppix files may have been corrupted somehow, so I tried reloading it. The drive was nearly full (45MB free), so I deleted a generic ISO that also was not booting. That went fine. I then went through YUMI to 'uninstall' Knoppix, i.e. delete files and remove from the menus. The files went first, then the menus were cleared successfully. However, the free space was stuck at about 700MB, same as it was before removing Knoppix. In the old Knoppix folder, there was a 0 byte file named KNOPPIX that could not be deleted. I tried reinserting the drive to delete this file - without safely removing, if that made a difference (hey, first time for everything). Running the standard Windows chkdsk scan without /r or /f reported errors found. Running with /r just got it stuck. I decided to give fsck a shot, so I loaded up my Kubuntu VM and attached the drive to it with VirtualBox's USB 2.0 passthrough. I umounted it (/dev/sda1) and ran a fsck. There are differences between boot sector and its backup. I chose No action. It told me FATs differ and asked me to select either the first or second FAT. Whichever I selected, I got a notice of Free cluster summary wrong. If I chose Correct, it gave a list of incorrect file names. To try to fix something, at least, I ran it with the -p option. Halfway through fixing the files, the VM froze - I ended its process about ten minutes later. Cause? My next attempt was to use YUMI, again, to rebuild the whole drive. I used YUMI's built in reformat (to FAT32) option and installed a Kubuntu ISO (700MB). The format was successful, however, the extract and copy of Kubuntu (which YUMI uses a 7zip binary for) froze at about 60% done. After waiting for about fifteen minutes (longer than the 3.5GB Knoppix ISO took last time), I pulled the drive out. The drive at this point was already formatted, SYSLINUX already installed, just waiting on the unpacking of an ISO and the modifying of the boot menus. Plugging it back in, it came up as normal - however, any write action would fail. Disk management reported it as read only. On reconnect, it would come up as normal but a write operation would cause it to go read only again. After a few attempts, it started coming up as read only on insertion. Attempts to fix This is when I ran through the attempts listed above, to try and reformat it in case of a faulty format. However the inability to do so even on a bootable disk indicated something more serious is wrong. chkdsk now reports nothing is wrong, and fsck still reports MBR inconsistencies, but now always chooses first FAT automatically after telling me FATs differ. It still does the same Free cluster summary wrong afterwards. I cannot run with -p anymore because it is now marked as read only. It also managed to corrupt my VM's disk somehow on the first attempt (yes, I'm sure I chose sda, which is mapped to a 7.4GB drive - I triple checked). Thank god for snapshots? I'm just about out of ideas. To my inexperienced mind it looks like something in the drive's firmware set it to read only "permanently" somehow - is there any way to reset this? I don't particularly care about keeping data, considering I've reformatted it twice. Also, fixes that keep me in Windows are better; it reduces the risk of me accidentally nuking my main hard drive. Update 1: I pulled apart the drive out of curiosity. As you can see, there are no obvious write protect switches. There is an IC on the other side, ALCOR branded labelled AU6989HL, if that matters. If there appears to be no way to fix this, I'll probably pull out the (glued down) card and put it in a card reader to check if it's the card or the controller that died. Update 2: I've pulled the card off, Windows detects the drive as a card reader now. The contacts on the card don't appear to be used, and there are several rows of holes on the card itself. Putting it into the card reader only detects about 30MB total, RAW. It's probably either the reader incorrectly reporting the card as faulty (as if a real SD card's write protect was switched on) or a bad contact somewhere. If nothing else, I have a spare 8GB Micro SD card now... as soon as I figure out how to format it as 8GB.

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  • Can any web-based email program let user paste an image (not link) as part of the email instead of a

    - by Jian Lin
    I think back in the old days, some email programs let users Paste an image right inside the email content. (maybe WinMail or Outlook?) So for example, we can write some text, embed an image, and then write some more text, and embed another image. The recipient will get the email content in the above text-image-text-image order (instead of having all images attached at the end of email) Can any web-based email program do that? Note that the image is not just a link, but a complete file. For example, Gmail lets us paste an image, but it is actually just a link to some web location. Can the actual file content be embedded instead?

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  • I want to move columns in a gradebook based on the column header title to another gradebook

    - by Pat
    I have to average grades based on each objective for a new report card we have to complete this year. For example Column one has students names, each additional column will have the objective associated with the assignment. I would like to move the entire column to another sheet for each objective. Is there a formula or macro that will do that. For example objective 3.1A is in columns 2, 5, and 7, objective 3.2B is located in columns 1, 4, 10, and 12, objective 3.4c is in column 3, 6, 9, and 11. I would like to have a spreadsheet for each objective.

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  • WebLogic Server 11g with java based node manager stdout/stderr log path configuration.

    - by Mircea Vutcovici
    Hi, How I can configure the path where the stdout logs are written by the WebLogic server? I've read about -Dweblogic.log.RedirectStdoutToServerLogEnabled=true, but this redirects only part of the output. For example if I will run a thread dump, the output will remain in the original log file. I think it should be an option in nodemanager/startup.properties file. WebLogic version is 10.3.2.0 and I am using a java based node manager. OS is RHEL 5. Thank you, Mircea

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  • rhel/centos vs. ubuntu (possibly other debian-based systems) linux in handling duplicate ips in the same subnet

    - by johnshen64
    This has bothered me for quite a while but I never found out why or how to change the behavior. ip duplicates could be caused by typos or dhcp errors etc., but they do occur from time to time. in rpm-based systems such as centos, the old server with the duplicate ip wins, and the new server will get an error in bringing up the nic (ip address already used). this is somewhat harmless because we can just fix the system that is coming up. ubuntu only the other hand happily grabs the used ip for itself and leave the old server/device without a valid ip. this is the more dangerous behavior because it causes outages. what i want is to change the ubuntu behavior to that of the centos/rhel so would appreciate any help.

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  • Is it me or is developing web based data entry GUIs a big pain?

    - by GregH
    Maybe it's me or maybe it isn't. I don't have a huge amount of experience of developing web based data entry software but do have some. I used to do it quite a bit years ago. Used to use Oracle Forms, Visual Studio, various 4th generation languages, and performing the user interface layout used to be a snap. Now doing the user interface for developing web applications seems to be a huge pain in the rear. Just trying to get text entry fields and widgets to go where they are supposed to go on the screen is a total pain. You have to know Javascript, CSS, JQuery, HTML, etc. There must be an easier way to develop data entry forms that produce the needed underlying code for a web page. Maybe I'm just not looking in the right place. There must be some WYSIWYG GUI development tools for the web for developing data entry forms out there. Anybody know of any?

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  • Which FLOSS text editor is most like kwrite without being KDE-based?

    - by darenw
    Among text editors on Linux, I usually prefer KWrite. I like that I can quickly turn on/off line numbers and line wrap in the View menu. Other settings are easy to change. Other text editors I've used in the past, such as Gnome's gedit, bury line numbering and wrapping checkboxes deeper into the menu system, making it more distracting to change while concentrating on real work. However, KWrite is a KDE app. On Ubuntu it drags in over a dozen other packages, which I suspect I don't really need. Why would a text editor need all that? It's slower to start up than some other editors I've tried. I'm also trying to run an all-gnome system w/o any KDE, just to see how far I get with it. So, what GUI text editor isn't KDE-based, has few dependencies and quick start-up, easy to change line wrap and numbering, and general similarity to KWrite? What comes closest?

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  • Are mobo raid controllers based on Intel ICH10R southbridge still considered software Raid?

    - by Breadtruck
    So do you still need specific software/drivers (intel matrix?) installed to manage the raid controller, setup the array. If the raid chipset is on-board the motherboard and it uses the CPU, and say I am using a Core 2 Quad Q9550, would a hardware based card still out perform the motherboard chipset? This is for a home workstation and I could spend $300 on a areca ARC-1210 PCI-Express x8 SATA II but I want to be able to justify the money for the raid card. My motherboard is a GIGABYTE GA-EP45-UD3P UPDATE: I was going to RAID5 using 4 500 GB drives, and I was going to buy a controller card but this article got me thinking hmmm....Toms-Southbridge Battle

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  • how to rotate one squid user among multiple IPs based on number of requests processed by each IP

    - by Arvind
    I want to set up a Squid ACL in the following manner-- For example, my Squid Proxy Server has 10 IP addresses- now I have a user 'demouser'. I want that for the very first request sent to 'demouser' this user uses IP address #1, for the second request it uses IP address #2, for the 3rd request of the day it uses IP address #3 and so on till it uses up all IPs. One more level of control I would like is that once the user has used up all available IP addresses once per address, then it does not allow the proxy request to go through. How do I set up such a configuration on Squid Proxy server ACL? Even a document or how to would be very helpful. The official wiki talks about one 'weird' case- choosing an IP address based on time of day the request was made to the proxy server. The other cases are all regular use cases which are not even remotely near my requirement as specified above.

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