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  • Get the character count of a textarea including newlines

    - by styfle
    I tested this code in Chrome and there seems to be a bug involving the newlines. I am reaching the maxlength before I actually use all the characters. <textarea id="myText" maxlength="200" style="width:70%;height:200px"> Lorem Ipsum is simply dummy text of the printing and typesetting industry. Lorem Ipsum has been the industry's standard dummy text ever since the 1500s... Enter something: </textarea> <div> Char Count <span id="count"></span>/<span id="max"></span> </div>? <script> var ta = document.getElementById('myText'); document.getElementById('max').innerHTML = ta.maxLength; setInterval(function() { document.getElementById('count').innerHTML = ta.value.length; }, 250);? </script> How can I accurately get the char count of a textarea? jsFiddle demo: http://jsfiddle.net/Qw6vz/1/

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  • Visual Studio - Edit source code located in a database

    - by mfeingold
    I am building something similar to Server Explorer for Apache CouchDB. One of the things necessary is to be able to edit CouchDB view definitions which in CouchDB are JavaScript functions. How can I trick Visual Studio into using my object to retrieve and save the content of the JavaScript function but still use the rest of it - I am happy with editor itself and have no intention of writing my own Editor/Language Service, etc. The latter would be much bigger effort than what this project warrants Edit After more digging I am still stuck. Here is what I know: IVsUIShellOpenDocument interface provides a method OpenStandardEditor which can be used to open the standard Visual Studio editor. As one of the parameters this method takes a Pointer to the IUnknown interface of the document data object. This object is supposed to implement several interfaces described in many places all over the MSDN. Visual Studio SDK also provides a 'sample' implementation of the document data object VsTextBufferClass. I can create an instance of this class and when I pass the pointer to the instance to the OpenStandardEditor I can see my editor and it seems to work ok. When I try to implement my own class implementing the same interfaces (IVsTextBuffer, VsTextBuffer, IVsTextLines) OpenStandardEditor method returns success, but VS bombs out on call editor.Show() with an access violation. My suspicion is that VsTextBufferClass also implements some other interface(s) but not in C# way but rather in the good old COM way. I just do not know which one(s). Any thoughts?

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  • Hi I am facing a fragmentation error while executing this code? Can someone explain why?

    - by aks
    #include<stdio.h> struct table { char *ipAddress; char *domainName; struct table *next; }; struct table *head = NULL; void add_rec(); void show_rec(); int main() { add_rec(); show_rec(); return 0; } void add_rec() { struct table * temp = head; struct table * temp1 = (struct table *)malloc(sizeof(struct table)); if(!temp1) printf("\n Unable to allocate memory \n"); printf("Enter the ip address you want \n"); scanf("%s",temp1->ipAddress); printf("\nEnter the domain name you want \n"); scanf("%s",temp1->domainName); if(!temp) { head = temp; } else { while(temp->next!=NULL) temp = temp->next; temp->next = temp1; } } void show_rec() { struct table * temp = head; if(!temp) printf("\n No entry exists \n"); while(temp!=NULL) { printf("ipAddress = %s\t domainName = %s\n",temp->ipAddress,temp->domainName); temp = temp->next; } } When i execute this code and enters the IP address for the first node, i am facing fragmentation error. The code crashed. Can someone enlighten?

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  • How to create a generic C free function .

    - by nomemory
    I have some C structures related to a 'list' data structure. They look like this. struct nmlist_element_s { void *data; struct nmlist_element_s *next; }; typedef struct nmlist_element_s nmlist_element; struct nmlist_s { void (*destructor)(void *data); int (*cmp)(const void *e1, const void *e2); unsigned int size; nmlist_element *head; nmlist_element *tail; }; typedef struct nmlist_s nmlist; This way I can have different data types being hold in "nmlist_element-data" . The "constructor" (in terms of OOP) has the following signature: nmlist *nmlist_alloc(void (*destructor)(void *data)); Where "destructor" is specific function that de-allocated "data" (being hold by the nmlist_element). If I want to have a list containing integers as data, my "destructor" would like this: void int_destructor(void *data) { free((int*)data); } Still i find it rather "unfriendly" for me to write a destructor functions for every simple primitive data type. So is there a trick to write something like this ? (for primitives): void "x"_destructor(void *data, "x") { free(("x" *)data); } PS: I am not a macro fan myself, and in my short experience regarding C, i don't use them, unless necessary.

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  • [Ruby] Object assignment and pointers

    - by Jergason
    I am a little confused about object assignment and pointers in Ruby, and coded up this snippet to test my assumptions. class Foo attr_accessor :one, :two def initialize(one, two) @one = one @two = two end end bar = Foo.new(1, 2) beans = bar puts bar puts beans beans.one = 2 puts bar puts beans puts beans.one puts bar.one I had assumed that when I assigned bar to beans, it would create a copy of the object, and modifying one would not affect the other. Alas, the output shows otherwise. ^_^[jergason:~]$ ruby test.rb #<Foo:0x100155c60> #<Foo:0x100155c60> #<Foo:0x100155c60> #<Foo:0x100155c60> 2 2 I believe that the numbers have something to do with the address of the object, and they are the same for both beans and bar, and when I modify beans, bar gets changed as well, which is not what I had expected. It appears that I am only creating a pointer to the object, not a copy of it. What do I need to do to copy the object on assignment, instead of creating a pointer? Tests with the Array class shows some strange behavior as well. foo = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5] baz = foo puts "foo is #{foo}" puts "baz is #{baz}" foo.pop puts "foo is #{foo}" puts "baz is #{baz}" foo += ["a hill of beans is a wonderful thing"] puts "foo is #{foo}" puts "baz is #{baz}" This produces the following wonky output: foo is 012345 baz is 012345 foo is 01234 baz is 01234 foo is 01234a hill of beans is a wonderful thing baz is 01234 This blows my mind. Calling pop on foo affects baz as well, so it isn't a copy, but concatenating something onto foo only affects foo, and not baz. So when am I dealing with the original object, and when am I dealing with a copy? In my own classes, how can I make sure that assignment copies, and doesn't make pointers? Help this confused guy out.

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  • SQL Query to return maximums over decades

    - by Abraham Lincoln
    My question is the following. I have a baseball database, and in that baseball database there is a master table which lists every player that has ever played. There is also a batting table, which tracks every players' batting statistics. I created a view to join those two together; hence the masterplusbatting table. CREATE TABLE `Master` ( `lahmanID` int(9) NOT NULL auto_increment, `playerID` varchar(10) NOT NULL default '', `nameFirst` varchar(50) default NULL, `nameLast` varchar(50) NOT NULL default '', PRIMARY KEY (`lahmanID`), KEY `playerID` (`playerID`), ) ENGINE=MyISAM AUTO_INCREMENT=18968 DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1; CREATE TABLE `Batting` ( `playerID` varchar(9) NOT NULL default '', `yearID` smallint(4) unsigned NOT NULL default '0', `teamID` char(3) NOT NULL default '', `lgID` char(2) NOT NULL default '', `HR` smallint(3) unsigned default NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`playerID`,`yearID`,`stint`), KEY `playerID` (`playerID`), KEY `team` (`teamID`,`yearID`,`lgID`) ) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1; Anyway, my first query involved finding the most home runs hit every year since baseball began, including ties. The query to do that is the following.... select f.yearID, f.nameFirst, f.nameLast, f.HR from ( select yearID, max(HR) as HOMERS from masterplusbatting group by yearID )as x inner join masterplusbatting as f on f.yearID = x.yearId and f.HR = x.HOMERS This worked great. However, I now want to find the highest HR hitter in each decade since baseball began. Here is what I tried. select f.yearID, truncate(f.yearid/10,0) as decade,f.nameFirst, f.nameLast, f.HR from ( select yearID, max(HR) as HOMERS from masterplusbatting group by yearID )as x inner join masterplusbatting as f on f.yearID = x.yearId and f.HR = x.HOMERS group by decade You can see that I truncated the yearID in order to get 187, 188, 189 etc instead of 1897, 1885,. I then grouped by the decade, thinking that it would give me the highest per decade, but it is not returning the correct values. For example, it's giving me Adrian Beltre with 48 HR's in 2004 but everyone knows that Barry Bonds hit 73 HR in 2001. Can anyone give me some pointers?

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  • Error when linking C executable to OpenCV

    - by Ghilas BELHADJ
    I'm compiling OpenCV under Ubuntu 13.10 using cMake. i've already compiled c++ programs and they works well. now i'm trying to compile a C file using this cMakeLists.txt cmake_minimum_required (VERSION 2.8) project (hello) find_package (OpenCV REQUIRED) add_executable (hello src/test.c) target_link_libraries (hello ${OpenCV_LIBS}) here is the test.c file: #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <opencv/highgui.h> int main (int argc, char* argv[]) { IplImage* img = NULL; const char* window_title = "Hello, OpenCV!"; if (argc < 2) { fprintf (stderr, "usage: %s IMAGE\n", argv[0]); return EXIT_FAILURE; } img = cvLoadImage(argv[1], CV_LOAD_IMAGE_UNCHANGED); if (img == NULL) { fprintf (stderr, "couldn't open image file: %s\n", argv[1]); return EXIT_FAILURE; } cvNamedWindow (window_title, CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE); cvShowImage (window_title, img); cvWaitKey(0); cvDestroyAllWindows(); cvReleaseImage(&img); return EXIT_SUCCESS; } it returns me this error whene running cmake . then make to the project: Linking C executable hello /usr/bin/ld: CMakeFiles/hello.dir/src/test.c.o: undefined reference to symbol «lrint@@GLIBC_2.1» /lib/i386-linux-gnu/libm.so.6: error adding symbols: DSO missing from command line collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status make[2]: *** [hello] Erreur 1 make[1]: *** [CMakeFiles/hello.dir/all] Erreur 2 make: *** [all] Erreur 2

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  • Boost Date_Time problem compiling a simple program

    - by Andry
    Hello! I'm writing a very stupid program using Boost Date_Time library. int main(int srgc, char** argv) { using namespace boost::posix_time; date d(2002,Feb,1); //an arbitrary date ptime t1(d, hours(5)+nanosec(100)); //date + time of day offset ptime t2 = t1 - minutes(4)+seconds(2); ptime now = second_clock::local_time(); //use the clock date today = now.date(); //Get the date part out of the time } Well I cannot compile it, compiler does not recognize a type... Well I used many features of Boost libs like serialization and more... I correctly built them and, looking in my /usr/local/lib folder I can see that libboost_date_time.so is there (a good sign which means I was able to build that library) When I compile I write the following: g++ -lboost_date_time main.cpp But the errors it showed me when I specify the lib are the same of those ones where I do not specify any lib. What is this? Anyone knows? The error is main.cpp: In function ‘int main(int, char**)’: main.cpp:9: error: ‘date’ was not declared in this scope main.cpp:9: error: expected ‘;’ before ‘d’ main.cpp:10: error: ‘d’ was not declared in this scope main.cpp:10: error: ‘nanosec’ was not declared in this scope main.cpp:13: error: expected ‘;’ before ‘today’

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  • optimize 2D array in C++

    - by Hristo
    I'm dealing with a 2D array with the following characteristics: const int cols = 500; const int rows = 100; int arr[rows][cols]; I access array arr in the following manner to do some work: for(int k = 0; k < T; ++k) { // for each trainee myscore[k] = 0; for(int i = 0; i < N; ++i) { // for each sample for(int j = 0; j < E[i]; ++j) { // for each expert myscore[k] += delta(i, anotherArray[k][i], arr[j][i]); } } } So I am worried about the array 'arr' and not the other one. I need to make this more cache-friendly and also boost the speed. I was thinking perhaps transposing the array but I wasn't sure how to do that. My implementation turns out to only work for square matrices. How would I make it work for non-square matrices? Also, would mapping the 2D array into a 1D array boost the performance? If so, how would I do that? Finally, any other advice on how else I can optimize this... I've run out of ideas, but I know that arr[j][i] is the place where I need to make changes because I'm accessing columns by columns instead of rows by rows so that is not cache friendly at all. Thanks, Hristo

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  • How can I render an in-memory UIViewController's view Landscape?

    - by Aaron
    I'm trying to render an in-memory (but not in hierarchy, yet) UIViewController's view into an in-memory image buffer so I can do some interesting transition animations. However, when I render the UIViewController's view into that buffer, it is always rendering as though the controller is in Portrait orientation, no matter the orientation of the rest of the app. How do I clue this controller in? My code in RootViewController looks like this: MyUIViewController* controller = [[MyUIViewController alloc] init]; int width = self.view.frame.size.width; int height = self.view.frame.size.height; int bitmapBytesPerRow = width * 4; unsigned char *offscreenData = calloc(bitmapBytesPerRow * height, sizeof(unsigned char)); CGColorSpaceRef colorSpace = CGColorSpaceCreateDeviceRGB(); CGContextRef offscreenContext = CGBitmapContextCreate(offscreenData, width, height, 8, bitmapBytesPerRow, colorSpace, kCGImageAlphaPremultipliedLast); CGContextTranslateCTM(offscreenContext, 0.0f, height); CGContextScaleCTM(offscreenContext, 1.0f, -1.0f); [(CALayer*)[controller.view layer] renderInContext:offscreenContext]; At that point, the offscreen memory buffers contents are portrait-oriented, even when the window is in landscape orientation. Ideas?

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  • template specialization of a auto_ptr<T>

    - by Chris Kaminski
    Maybe I'm overcomplicating things, but then again, I do sort of like clean interfaces. Let's say I want a specialization of auto_ptr for an fstream - I want a default fstream for the generic case, but allow a replacement pointer? tempate <> class auto_ptr<fstream> static fstream myfStream; fstream* ptr; public: auto_ptr() { // set ptr to &myfStream; } reset(fstream* newPtr) { // free old ptr if not the static one. ptr = newPtr }; } Would you consider something different or more elegant? And how would you keep something like the above from propagating outside this particular compilation unit? [The actual template is a boost::scoped_ptr.] EDIT: It's a contrived example. Ignore the fstream - it's about providing a default instance of object for an auto_ptr. I may not want to provide a specialized instance, but would like to keep the auto_ptr semantics for this static default object. class UserClass { public: auto_ptr<fstream> ptr; UserClass() { } } I may not provide an dynamic object at construction time - I still want it to have a meaningful default. Since I'm not looking at ownership-transfer semantics, it really shouldn't matter that my pointer class is pointing to a statically allocated object, no?

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  • Trying to make a plugin system in C++/Qt

    - by Pirate for Profit
    I'm making a task-based program that needs to have plugins. Tasks need to have properties which can be easily edited, I think this can be done with Qt's Meta-Object Compiler reflection capabilities (I could be wrong, but I should be able to stick this in a QtPropertyBrowser?) So here's the base: class Task : public QObject { Q_OBJECT public: explicit Task(QObject *parent = 0) : QObject(parent){} virtual void run() = 0; signals: void taskFinished(bool success = true); } Then a plugin might have this task: class PrinterTask : public Task { Q_OBJECT public: explicit PrinterTask(QObject *parent = 0) : Task(parent) {} void run() { Printer::getInstance()->Print(this->getData()); // fictional emit taskFinished(true); } inline const QString &getData() const; inline void setData(QString data); Q_PROPERTY(QString data READ getData WRITE setData) // for reflection } In a nutshell, here's what I want to do: // load plugin // find all the Tasks interface implementations in it // have user able to choose a Task and edit its specific Q_PROPERTY's // run the TASK It's important that one .dll has multiple tasks, because I want them to be associated by their module. For instance, "FileTasks.dll" could have tasks for deleting files, making files, etc. The only problem with Qt's plugin setup is I want to store X amount of Tasks in one .dll module. As far as I can tell, you can only load one interface per plugin (I could be wrong?). If so, the only possible way to do accomplish what I want is to create a FactoryInterface with string based keys which return the objects (as in Qt's Plug-And-Paint example), which is a terrible boilerplate that I would like to avoid. Anyone know a cleaner C++ plugin architecture than Qt's to do what I want? Also, am I safely assuming Qt's reflection capabilities will do what I want (i.e. able to edit an unknown dynamically loaded tasks' properties with the QtPropertyBrowser before dispatching)?

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  • How do I patch a Windows API at runtime so that it to returns 0 in x64?

    - by Jorge Vasquez
    In x86, I get the function address using GetProcAddress() and write a simple XOR EAX,EAX; RET; in it. Simple and effective. How do I do the same in x64? bool DisableSetUnhandledExceptionFilter() { const BYTE PatchBytes[5] = { 0x33, 0xC0, 0xC2, 0x04, 0x00 }; // XOR EAX,EAX; RET; // Obtain the address of SetUnhandledExceptionFilter HMODULE hLib = GetModuleHandle( _T("kernel32.dll") ); if( hLib == NULL ) return false; BYTE* pTarget = (BYTE*)GetProcAddress( hLib, "SetUnhandledExceptionFilter" ); if( pTarget == 0 ) return false; // Patch SetUnhandledExceptionFilter if( !WriteMemory( pTarget, PatchBytes, sizeof(PatchBytes) ) ) return false; // Ensures out of cache FlushInstructionCache(GetCurrentProcess(), pTarget, sizeof(PatchBytes)); // Success return true; } static bool WriteMemory( BYTE* pTarget, const BYTE* pSource, DWORD Size ) { // Check parameters if( pTarget == 0 ) return false; if( pSource == 0 ) return false; if( Size == 0 ) return false; if( IsBadReadPtr( pSource, Size ) ) return false; // Modify protection attributes of the target memory page DWORD OldProtect = 0; if( !VirtualProtect( pTarget, Size, PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE, &OldProtect ) ) return false; // Write memory memcpy( pTarget, pSource, Size ); // Restore memory protection attributes of the target memory page DWORD Temp = 0; if( !VirtualProtect( pTarget, Size, OldProtect, &Temp ) ) return false; // Success return true; } This example is adapted from code found here: http://www.debuginfo.com/articles/debugfilters.html#overwrite .

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  • c++-to-python swig caused memory leak! Related to Py_BuildValue and SWIG_NewPointerObj

    - by usfree74
    Hey gurus, I have the following Swig code that caused memory leak. PyObject* FindBestMatch(const Bar& fp) { Foo* ptr(new Foo()); float match; // call a function to fill the foo pointer return Py_BuildValue( "(fO)", match, SWIG_NewPointerObj(ptr, SWIGTYPE_p_Foo, 0 /* own */)); } I figured that ptr is not freed properly. So I did the following: PyObject* FindBestMatch(const Bar& fp) { Foo* ptr(new Foo()); float match; // call a function to fill the foo pointer *PyObject *o = SWIG_NewPointerObj(ptr, SWIGTYPE_p_Foo, 1 /* own */);* <------- 1 means pass the ownership to python PyObject *result = Py_BuildValue("(fO)", match, o); Py_XDECREF(o); return result; } But I am not very sure whether this will cause memory corruption. Here, Py_XDECREF(o) will decrease the ref count, which can free memory used by object "o". But o is part of the return value "result". Freeing "o" can cause data corrupt, I guess? I tried my change. It works fine and the caller (python code) does see the expected data. But this could be because nobody else overwrites to that memory area. So what's the right way to deal with memory management of the above code? I search the swig docs, but don't see very concrete description. Please help! Thanks, xin

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  • CGI Buffering issue

    - by Punit
    I have a server side C based CGI code as: cgiFormFileSize("UPDATEFILE", &size); //UPDATEFILE = file being uploaded cgiFormFileName("UPDATEFILE", file_name, 1024); cgiFormFileContentType("UPDATEFILE", mime_type, 1024); buffer = malloc(sizeof(char) * size); if (cgiFormFileOpen("UPDATEFILE", &file) != cgiFormSuccess) { exit(1); } output = fopen("/tmp/cgi.tar.gz", "w+"); printf("The size of file is: %d bytes", size); inc = size/(1024*100); while (cgiFormFileRead(file, b, sizeof(b), &got_count) == cgiFormSuccess) { fwrite(b,sizeof(char),got_count,output); i++; if(i == inc && j<=100) { ***inc_pb*** = j; i = 0; j++; // j is the progress bar increment value } } cgiFormFileClose(file); retval = system("mkdir /tmp/update-tmp;\ cd /tmp/update-tmp;\ tar -xzf ../cgi.tar.gz;\ bash -c /tmp/update-tmp/update.sh"); However, this doesn't work the way as is seen above. Instead of printing 1,2,...100 to progress_bar.txt one by one it prints at ONE GO, seems it buffers and then writes to the file. fflush() also didn't work. Any clue/suggestion would be really appreciated.

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  • C++ operator lookup rules / Koenig lookup

    - by John Bartholomew
    While writing a test suite, I needed to provide an implementation of operator<<(std::ostream&... for Boost unit test to use. This worked: namespace theseus { namespace core { std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& ss, const PixelRGB& p) { return (ss << "PixelRGB(" << (int)p.r << "," << (int)p.g << "," << (int)p.b << ")"); } }} This didn't: std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& ss, const theseus::core::PixelRGB& p) { return (ss << "PixelRGB(" << (int)p.r << "," << (int)p.g << "," << (int)p.b << ")"); } Apparently, the second wasn't included in the candidate matches when g++ tried to resolve the use of the operator. Why (what rule causes this)? The code calling operator<< is deep within the Boost unit test framework, but here's the test code: BOOST_AUTO_TEST_SUITE(core_image) BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_output) { using namespace theseus::core; BOOST_TEST_MESSAGE(PixelRGB(5,5,5)); // only compiles with operator<< definition inside theseus::core std::cout << PixelRGB(5,5,5) << "\n"; // works with either definition BOOST_CHECK(true); // prevent no-assertion error } BOOST_AUTO_TEST_SUITE_END() For reference, I'm using g++ 4.4 (though for the moment I'm assuming this behaviour is standards-conformant).

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  • Implementing a c/c++ style union as a column in MySQL

    - by user81338
    Friends, I have a strange need and cannot think my way through the problem. The great and mighty Google is of little help due to keyword recycling (as you'll see). Can you help? What I want to do is store data of multiple types in a single column in MySQL. This is the database equivalent to a C union (and if you search for MySQL and Union, you obviously get a whole bunch of stuff on the UNION keyword in SQL). [Contrived and simplified case follows] So, let us say that we have people - who have names - and STORMTROOPERS - who have TK numbers. You cannot have BOTH a NAME and a TK number. You're either BOB SMITH -or- TK409. In C I could express this as a union, like so: union { char * name; int tkNo; } EmperialPersonnelRecord; This makes it so that I am either storing a pointer to a char array or an ID in the type EmperialPersonnelRecord, but not both. I am looking for a MySQL equivalent on a column. My column would store either an int, double, or varchar(255) (or whatever combination). But would only take up the space of the largest element. Is this possible? (of course anything is possible given enough time, money and will - I mean is it possible if I am poor, lazy and on a deadline... aka "out of the box")

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  • Endianness and C API's: Specifically OpenSSL.

    - by Hassan Syed
    I have an algorithm that uses the following OpenSSL calls: HMAC_update() / HMAC_final() // ripe160 EVP_CipherUpdate() / EVP_CipherFinal() // cbc_blowfish These algorithm take a unsigned char * into the "plain text". My input data is comes from a C++ std::string::c_str() which originate from a protocol buffer object as a encoded UTF-8 string. UTF-8 strings are meant to be endian neutrial. However I'm a bit paranoid about how OpenSSL may perform operations on the data. My understanding is that encryption algorithms work on 8-bit blocks of data, and if a unsigned char * is used for pointer arithmetic when the operations are performed the algorithms should be endian neutral and I do not need to worry about anything. My uncertainty is compounded by the fact that I am working on a little-endian machine and have never done any real cross-architecture programming. My beliefs/reasoning are/is based on the following two properties std::string (not wstring) internally uses a 8-bit ptr and a the resulting c_str() ptr will itterate the same way regardless of the CPU architecture. Encryption algorithms are either by design, or by implementation, endian neutral. I know the best way to get a definitive answer is to use QEMU and do some cross-platform unit tests (which I plan to do). My question is a request for comments on my reasoning, and perhaps will assist other programmers when faced with similar problems.

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  • Using shared_ptr to implement RCU (read-copy-update)?

    - by yongsun
    I'm very interested in the user-space RCU (read-copy-update), and trying to simulate one via tr1::shared_ptr, here is the code, while I'm really a newbie in concurrent programming, would some experts help me to review? The basic idea is, reader calls get_reading_copy() to gain the pointer of current protected data (let's say it's generation one, or G1). writer calls get_updating_copy() to gain a copy of the G1 (let's say it's G2), and only one writer is allowed to enter the critical section. After the updating is done, writer calls update() to do a swap, and make the m_data_ptr pointing to data G2. The ongoing readers and the writer now hold the shared_ptr of G1, and either a reader or a writer will eventually deallocate the G1 data. Any new readers would get the pointer to G2, and a new writer would get the copy of G2 (let's say G3). It's possible the G1 is not released yet, so multiple generations of data my co-exists. template <typename T> class rcu_protected { public: typedef T type; typedef std::tr1::shared_ptr<type> rcu_pointer; rcu_protected() : m_data_ptr (new type()) {} rcu_pointer get_reading_copy () { spin_until_eq (m_is_swapping, 0); return m_data_ptr; } rcu_pointer get_updating_copy () { spin_until_eq (m_is_swapping, 0); while (!CAS (m_is_writing, 0, 1)) {/* do sleep for back-off when exceeding maximum retry times */} rcu_pointer new_data_ptr(new type(*m_data_ptr)); // as spin_until_eq does not have memory barrier protection, // we need to place a read barrier to protect the loading of // new_data_ptr not to be re-ordered before its construction _ReadBarrier(); return new_data_ptr; } void update (rcu_pointer new_data_ptr) { while (!CAS (m_is_swapping, 0, 1)) {} m_data_ptr.swap (new_data_ptr); // as spin_until_eq does not have memory barrier protection, // we need to place a write barrier to protect the assignments of // m_is_writing/m_is_swapping be re-ordered bofore the swapping _WriteBarrier(); m_is_writing = 0; m_is_swapping = 0; } private: volatile long m_is_writing; volatile long m_is_swapping; rcu_pointer m_data_ptr; };

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  • error: invalid type argument of '->' (have 'struct node')

    - by Roshan S.A
    Why cant i access the pointer "Cells" like an array ? i have allocated the appropriate memory why wont it act like an array here? it works like an array for a pointer of basic data types. #include<stdio.h> #include<stdlib.h> #include<ctype.h> #define MAX 10 struct node { int e; struct node *next; }; typedef struct node *List; typedef struct node *Position; struct Hashtable { int Tablesize; List Cells; }; typedef struct Hashtable *HashT; HashT Initialize(int SIZE,HashT H) { int i; H=(HashT)malloc(sizeof(struct Hashtable)); if(H!=NULL) { H->Tablesize=SIZE; printf("\n\t%d",H->Tablesize); H->Cells=(List)malloc(sizeof(struct node)* H->Tablesize); should it not act like an array from here on? if(H->Cells!=NULL) { for(i=0;i<H->Tablesize;i++) the following lines are the ones that throw the error { H->Cells[i]->next=NULL; H->Cells[i]->e=i; printf("\n %d",H->Cells[i]->e); } } } else printf("\nError!Out of Space"); } int main() { HashT H; H=Initialize(10,H); return 0; } The error I get is as in the title-error: invalid type argument of '->' (have 'struct node').

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  • Reading bmp file for encrypting and decrypting txt file into it

    - by Shantanu Gupta
    I am trying to read a bmp file in C++(Turbo). But i m not able to print binary stream. I want to encode txt file into it and decrypt it. How can i do this. I read that bmp file header is of 54 byte. But how and where should i append txt file in bmp file. ? I know only Turbo C++, so it would be helpfull for me if u provide solution or suggestion related to topic for the same. int main() { ifstream fr; //reads ofstream fw; // wrrites to file char c; int random; clrscr(); char file[2][100]={"s.bmp","s.txt"}; fr.open(file[0],ios::binary);//file name, mode of open, here input mode i.e. read only if(!fr) cout<<"File can not be opened."; fw.open(file[1],ios::app);//file will be appended if(!fw) cout<<"File can not be opened"; while(!fr) cout<<fr.get(); // error should be here. but not able to find out what error is it fr.close(); fw.close(); getch(); } This code is running fine when i pass txt file in binary mode

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  • Is the size of a struct required to be an exact multiple of the alignment of that struct?

    - by Steve314
    Once again, I'm questioning a longstanding belief. Until today, I believed that the alignment of the following struct would normally be 4 and the size would normally be 5... struct example { int m_Assume_32_Bits; char m_Assume_8_Bit_Bytes; }; Because of this assumption, I have data structure code that uses offsetof to determine the distance in bytes between two adjacent items in an array. Today, I spotted some old code that was using sizeof where it shouldn't, couldn't understand why I hadn't had bugs from it, coded up a unit test - and the test surprised me by passing. A bit of investigation showed that the sizeof the type I used for the test (similar to the struct above) was an exact multiple of the alignment - ie 8 bytes. It had padding after the final member. Here is an example of why I never expected this... struct example2 { example m_Example; char m_Why_Cant_This_Be_At_Offset_6_Bytes; }; A bit of Googling showed examples that make it clear that this padding after the final member is allowed - for example http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_structure_alignment#Data_structure_padding (the "or at the end of the structure" bit). This is a bit embarrassing, as I recently posted this comment - Use of struct padding (my first comment to that answer). What I can't seem to determine is whether this padding to an exact multiple of the alignment is guaranteed by the C++ standard, or whether it is just something that is permitted and that some (but maybe not all) compilers do. So - is the size of a struct required to be an exact multiple of the alignment of that struct according to the C++ standard? If the C standard makes different guarantees, I'm interested in that too, but the focus is on C++.

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  • Initialize Static Array of Structs in C

    - by russell_h
    I implementing a card game in C. There are lots of types of cards and each has a bunch of information, including some actions that will need to be individually scripted associated with it. Given a struct like this (and I'm not certain I have the syntax right for the function pointer) struct CARD { int value; int cost; // This is a pointer to a function that carries out actions unique // to this card int (*do_actions) (struct GAME_STATE *state, int choice1, int choice2); }; I would like to initialize a static array of these, one for each card. I'm guessing this would look something like this int do_card0(struct GAME_STATE *state, int choice1, int choice2) { // Operate on state here } int do_card1(struct GAME_STATE *state, int choice1, int choice2) { // Operate on state here } extern static struct cardDefinitions[] = { {0, 1, do_card0}, {1, 3, do_card1} }; Will this work, and am I going about this the right way at all? I'm trying to avoid huge numbers of switch statements. Do I need to define the 'do_cardN' functions ahead of time, or is there some way to define them inline in the initialization of the struct (something like a lambda function in python)? I'll need read-only access to cardDefinitions from a different file - is 'extern static' correct for that? I know this is a lot of questions rolled into one but I'm really a bit vague about how to go about this. Thanks.

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  • how to elegantly duplicate a graph (neural network)

    - by macias
    I have a graph (network) which consists of layers, which contains nodes (neurons). I would like to write a procedure to duplicate entire graph in most elegant way possible -- i.e. with minimal or no overhead added to the structure of the node or layer. Or yet in other words -- the procedure could be complex, but the complexity should not "leak" to structures. They should be no complex just because they are copyable. I wrote the code in C#, so far it looks like this: neuron has additional field -- copy_of which is pointer the the neuron which base copied from, this is my additional overhead neuron has parameterless method Clone() neuron has method Reconnect() -- which exchanges connection from "source" neuron (parameter) to "target" neuron (parameter) layer has parameterless method Clone() -- it simply call Clone() for all neurons network has parameterless method Clone() -- it calls Clone() for every layer and then it iterates over all neurons and creates mappings neuron=copy_of and then calls Reconnect to exchange all the "wiring" I hope my approach is clear. The question is -- is there more elegant method, I particularly don't like keeping extra pointer in neuron class just in case of being copied! I would like to gather the data in one point (network's Clone) and then dispose it completely (Clone method cannot have an argument though).

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  • Write raw struct contents (bytes) to a file in C. Confused about actual size written

    - by d11wtq
    Basic question, but I expected this struct to occupy 13 bytes of space (1 for the char, 12 for the 3 unsigned ints). Instead, sizeof(ESPR_REL_HEADER) gives me 16 bytes. typedef struct { unsigned char version; unsigned int root_node_num; unsigned int node_size; unsigned int node_count; } ESPR_REL_HEADER; What I'm trying to do is initialize this struct with some values and write the data it contains (the raw bytes) to the start of a file, so that when I open this file I later I can reconstruct this struct and gain some meta data about what the rest of the file contains. I'm initializing the struct and writing it to the file like this: int esprime_write_btree_header(FILE * fp, unsigned int node_size) { ESPR_REL_HEADER header = { .version = 1, .root_node_num = 0, .node_size = node_size, .node_count = 1 }; return fwrite(&header, sizeof(ESPR_REL_HEADER), 1, fp); } Where node_size is currently 4 while I experiment. The file contains the following data after I write the struct to it: -bash$ hexdump test.dat 0000000 01 bf f9 8b 00 00 00 00 04 00 00 00 01 00 00 00 0000010 I expect it to actually contain: -bash$ hexdump test.dat 0000000 01 00 00 00 00 04 00 00 00 01 00 00 00 0000010 Excuse the newbiness. I am trying to learn :) How do I efficiently write just the data components of my struct to a file?

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