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  • Object allocation in C++

    - by Poiuyt
    char *myfunc() { char *temp = "string"; return temp; } In this piece of code, where does the allocation of the object pointed to by temp happen and what would be its scope? Is this function a valid way to return a char* pointer?

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  • Declaring arrays in c language without initial size

    - by user2534857
    this is the question-- Write a program to manipulate the temperature details as given below. - Input the number of days to be calculated. – Main function - Input temperature in Celsius – input function - Convert the temperature from Celsius to Fahrenheit.- Separate function - find the average temperature in Fahrenheit. how can I make this program without initial size of array ?? #include<stdio.h> #include<conio.h> void input(int); int temp[10]; int d; void main() { int x=0; float avg=0,t=0; printf("\nHow many days : "); scanf("%d",&d); input(d); conv(); for(x=0;x<d;x++) { t=t+temp[x]; } avg=t/d; printf("Avarage is %f",avg); getch(); } void input(int d) { int x=0; for(x=0;x<d;x++) { printf("Input temperature in Celsius for #%d day",x+1); scanf("%d",&temp[x]); } } void conv() { int x=0; for(x=0;x<d;x++) { temp[x]=1.8*temp[x]+32; } }

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  • sorting char* arrays

    - by skazhy
    Hi! I have a datastructure struct record { char cont[bufferSize]; record *next; }; When I add new records to this structure, I want them to be sorted alphabetically. I made this function, that adds record in the right place (by alphabet) in the linked list: record *start=NULL, *p, *x; void recAdd(char*temp) { p = new record; temp[strlen(temp)] = '\0'; for (int j=0;j<bufferSize;j++) p->cont[j] = temp[j]; if (start==NULL) start=p; else { x=start; int c=0; while (recComp(x->cont,p->cont) <= 0 && x->next != NULL) { x=x->next; c++; } if (c == 0) { p->next=start; start=p; } else { x=start; for (int i=0;i<c;i++) x=x->next; p->next=x->next; x->next=p; } } for (int j=0;j<bufferSize;j++) temp[j] = NULL; }; But somehow it doesn't sort things right. What is wrong with my function?

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  • How to fill a structure when a pointer to it, is passed as an argument to a function

    - by Ram
    I have a function: func (struct passwd* pw) { struct passwd* temp; struct passwd* save; temp = getpwnam("someuser"); /* since getpwnam returns a pointer to a static * data buffer, I am copying the returned struct * to a local struct. */ if(temp) { save = malloc(sizeof *save); if (save) { memcpy(save, temp, sizeof(struct passwd)); /* Here, I have to update passed pw* with this save struct. */ *pw = *save; /* (~ memcpy) */ } } } The function which calls func(pw) is able to get the updated information. But is it fine to use it as above. The statement *pw = *save is not a deep copy. I do not want to copy each and every member of structure one by one like pw-pw_shell = strdup(save-pw_shell) etc. Is there any better way to do it? Thanks.

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  • Prototype with a callback problem

    - by Lisio
    function Foo() { this.bar = false; } Foo.prototype={ onLoad: function() { this.bar=true; }, create: function(id) { SomeClass.someMethod({ id: id, onWorkIsDone: this.onLoad }); } }; var temp=new Foo(); temp.create(); This sample has a logic error in string 'onWorkIsDone: this.onLoad'. What I have to place instead of 'this.onLoad' to make SomeClass call exactly the temp.onLoad method when it finishes it's work?

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  • Path of the local directory

    - by Jayesh
    Hi, A rather simple question; how to find the path of the local directory in which my exe is placed? As-in I have an .exe and in the program I have to create a txt file in the directory where the exe is! [language - C#] So, if the exe is in C:/Temp and is started from there; my txt should be created in C:/Temp If the user wishes to move the exe to D:/Temp and runs from there; I should be able to create the txt file in D:/Temp I tried the Directory.GetCurrentDirectory() but that returns the directory of the execution of the program!

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  • Error reading file with accented vowels

    - by Daniel Dcs
    The following statement to fill a list from a file : action = [] with open (os.getcwd() + "/files/" + "actions.txt") as temp:          action = list (temp) gives me the following error: (result, consumed) = self._buffer_decode (data, self.errors, end) UnicodeDecodeError: 'utf-8' codec can not decode byte 0xf1 in position 67: invalid continuation byte if I add errors = 'ignore': action = [] with open (os.getcwd () + "/ files /" + "actions.txt", errors = 'ignore') as temp:          action = list (temp) Is read the file but not the ñ and vowels accented á-é-í-ó-ú being that python 3 works, as I have understood, default to 'utf-8' I'm looking for a solution for two or more days, and I'm getting more confused. In advance thank you very much for any suggestions.

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  • Quick C Style Question

    - by LearningC
    Which is considered better style? int set_int(int *source){ *source = 5; return 0; } int main(){ int x*; set_int(x); } OR int *set_int(){ int *temp = NULL; temp = malloc(sizeof (int)); *temp = 5; return temp; } int main(){ int *x = set_int(); } Coming for a higher level programming background I gotta say I like the second version more. Any, tips would be very helpful. Still learning C.

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  • (again) i improve my question [closed]

    - by gcc
    Possible Duplicate: realizing number …how?? i hold input like that A is char pointer A[0]=n A[1]=j A[2]=n // i take (one number)+special char(s)+command(s) (like $ or #) from user A[3]=d // the input order can be changed like char(s)+number+command . // there is one number in A[] . // and every A[i] is important for me because what will i do in next step . // is determined by that input in A[h] or A[n] . // example . // when you see $ go before array do something . // when you see number go farad equation and use it in there A[j]=$ // (number can be pozitif or negatif . A[i]=14(any number) . . int func(int temp) { if(temp=='n') //..do something then return 10; if(temp=='j') return 11; if(temp=='d') return 12; if(/*........*/) // when temp find/realize number ,i wanna return 13; // in if statement, (instead of .....) what code should i write } how i can do } NOTE::please ,dont close my question ,when you close icannot edit it

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  • what wrong are there

    - by gcc
    int main(void) { char *tutar[100][20],temp; int i; int n; i=0; while(temp!='x') { scanf("%c",&temp); tutar[i]=malloc(sizeof(int)); tutar[i]=temp; ++i; } n =i; for(i=0;i<=n;++i) { printf(" %c ",*tutar[i]); } printf("\n\n"); /*for(i=0;i<=n;++i) { printf("%d",atoi(*tutar[i])); } */

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  • Finding a Relative Path in .NET

    - by Rick Strahl
    Here’s a nice and simple path utility that I’ve needed in a number of applications: I need to find a relative path based on a base path. So if I’m working in a folder called c:\temp\templates\ and I want to find a relative path for c:\temp\templates\subdir\test.txt I want to receive back subdir\test.txt. Or if I pass c:\ I want to get back ..\..\ – in other words always return a non-hardcoded path based on some other known directory. I’ve had a routine in my library that does this via some lengthy string parsing routines, but ran into some Uri processing today that made me realize that this code could be greatly simplified by using the System.Uri class instead. Here’s the simple static method: /// <summary> /// Returns a relative path string from a full path based on a base path /// provided. /// </summary> /// <param name="fullPath">The path to convert. Can be either a file or a directory</param> /// <param name="basePath">The base path on which relative processing is based. Should be a directory.</param> /// <returns> /// String of the relative path. /// /// Examples of returned values: /// test.txt, ..\test.txt, ..\..\..\test.txt, ., .., subdir\test.txt /// </returns> public static string GetRelativePath(string fullPath, string basePath ) { // ForceBasePath to a path if (!basePath.EndsWith("\\")) basePath += "\\"; Uri baseUri = new Uri(basePath); Uri fullUri = new Uri(fullPath); Uri relativeUri = baseUri.MakeRelativeUri(fullUri); // Uri's use forward slashes so convert back to backward slashes return relativeUri.ToString().Replace("/", "\\"); } You can then call it like this: string relPath = FileUtils.GetRelativePath("c:\temp\templates","c:\temp\templates\subdir\test.txt") It’s not exactly rocket science but it’s useful in many scenarios where you’re working with files based on an application base directory. Right now I’m working on a templating solution (using the Razor Engine) where templates live in a base directory and are supplied as relative paths to that base directory. Resolving these relative paths both ways is important in order to properly check for existance of files and their change status in this case. Not the kind of thing you use every day, but useful to remember.© Rick Strahl, West Wind Technologies, 2005-2010Posted in .NET  CSharp  

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  • How To show document directory save image in thumbnail in cocos2d class

    - by Anil gupta
    I have just implemented multiple photo selection from iphone photo library and i am saving all selected photo in document directory every time as a array, now i want to show all saved images in my class from document directory as a thumbnail, i have tried some logic but my game getting crashing, My code is below. Any help will be appreciate. Thanks in advance. -(id) init { // always call "super" init // Apple recommends to re-assign "self" with the "super" return value if( (self=[super init])) { CCSprite *photoalbumbg = [CCSprite spriteWithFile:@"photoalbumbg.png"]; photoalbumbg.anchorPoint = ccp(0,0); [self addChild:photoalbumbg z:0]; //Background Sound // [[SimpleAudioEngine sharedEngine]playBackgroundMusic:@"Background Music.wav" loop:YES]; CCSprite *photoalbumframe = [CCSprite spriteWithFile:@"photoalbumframe.png"]; photoalbumframe.position = ccp(160,240); [self addChild:photoalbumframe z:2]; CCSprite *frame = [CCSprite spriteWithFile:@"Photo-Frames.png"]; frame.position = ccp(160,270); [self addChild:frame z:1]; /*_____________________________________________________________________________________*/ CCMenuItemImage * upgradebtn = [CCMenuItemImage itemFromNormalImage:@"AlbumUpgrade.png" selectedImage:@"AlbumUpgrade.png" target:self selector:@selector(Upgrade:)]; CCMenu * fMenu = [CCMenu menuWithItems:upgradebtn,nil]; fMenu.position = ccp(200,110); [self addChild:fMenu z:3]; NSError *error; NSFileManager *fM = [NSFileManager defaultManager]; NSString *documentsDirectory = [NSHomeDirectory() stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"Documents"]; NSLog(@"Documents directory: %@", [fM contentsOfDirectoryAtPath:documentsDirectory error:&error]); NSArray *allfiles = [fM contentsOfDirectoryAtPath :documentsDirectory error:&error]; directoryList = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init]; for(NSString *file in allfiles) { NSString *path = [documentsDirectory stringByAppendingPathComponent:file]; [directoryList addObject:file]; } NSLog(@"array file name value ==== %@", directoryList); CCSprite *temp = [CCSprite spriteWithFile:[directoryList objectAtIndex:0]]; [temp setTextureRect:CGRectMake(160.0f, 240.0f, 50,50)]; // temp.anchorPoint = ccp(0,0); [self addChild:temp z:10]; for(UIImage *file in directoryList) { // NSData *pngData = [NSData dataWithContentsOfFile:file]; // image = [UIImage imageWithData:pngData]; NSLog(@"uiimage = %@",image); // UIImage *image = [UIImage imageWithContentsOfFile:file]; for (int i=1; i<=3; i++) { for (int j=1;j<=3; j++) { CCTexture2D *tex = [[[CCTexture2D alloc] initWithImage:file] autorelease]; CCSprite *selectedimage = [CCSprite spriteWithTexture:tex rect:CGRectMake(0, 0, 67, 66)]; selectedimage.position = ccp(100*i,350*j); [self addChild:selectedimage]; } } } } return self; }

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  • Ubuntu 12.10 overheats HP dv6t

    - by raul
    12.10 in my hp dv6t-6c00 I'm worried about the heat... I followed some advice, and I think that I disabled ATI card, that improved the fan activity and reduced the temperature a little bit. But now fan is starting and stopping all the time, according to the Jupiter applet, temp goes from 45 degrees to 58-59.... (without any load) Should I worry? What can I do to solve this? What is the normal temp?

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  • Having troubles installing Ubuntu using Wubi

    - by Torsten
    I am trying to install Ubuntu on My Toshiba laptop, it is a 64 bit system and is running windows 7 I keep on getting this error Error executing command command=C:\Users\A'den\AppData\Local\Temp\pylA524.tmp\bin]resize2fs.exe -C:\ubuntu\disks\root.disk17744M recal=1 stderr= stdout=resie2fs 1.40.6 (09-Feb-2008) Usage: /cygdrive/c/Users/Aden/AppData/Local/Temp/pylA524.tmp/bin/resize 2fs.exe-f C:/disks/root.disk 17744M [-d debug_flags] [-f] [-F] [-p] device [new-size] and the log file reads

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  • Failure to install NetFX3 on Windows Server 2012: Error 3017 -- Am I missing something here?

    - by Nick
    I am really struggling to get this installed. I have tried the suggestions here in an attempt to rectify any possible corruption. I mounted the disk image to 'G' to do an offline install. I also attempted an online install with similar results. Output as follows: Microsoft Windows [Version 6.2.9200] (c) 2012 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. C:\Users\Administrator>dism /online /enable-feature /featurename:NetFX3 /All /So urce:G:\sources\sxs /LimitAccess Deployment Image Servicing and Management tool Version: 6.2.9200.16384 Image Version: 6.2.9200.16384 Enabling feature(s) [==========================100.0%==========================] Error: 3017 The requested operation failed. A system reboot is required to roll back changes made. The DISM log file can be found at C:\Windows\Logs\DISM\dism.log Log as follows (Errors/Warnings Only): 2013-04-08 23:40:17, Error DISM DISM Package Manager: PID=3756 TID=3768 Failed finalizing changes. - CDISMPackageManager::Internal_Finalize(hr:0x80070bc9) 2013-04-08 23:40:17, Error DISM DISM Package Manager: PID=3756 TID=3768 Failed processing package changes with session options - CDISMPackageManager::ProcessChangesWithOptions(hr:0x80070bc9) 2013-04-08 23:40:17, Error DISM DISM Package Manager: PID=3756 TID=3768 Failed ProcessChanges. - CPackageManagerCLIHandler::Private_ProcessFeatureChange(hr:0x80070bc9) 2013-04-08 23:40:17, Error DISM DISM Package Manager: PID=3756 TID=3768 Failed while processing command enable-feature. - CPackageManagerCLIHandler::ExecuteCmdLine(hr:0x80070bc9) 2013-04-08 23:40:17, Error DISM DISM.EXE: DISM Package Manager processed the command line but failed. HRESULT=80070BC9 2013-04-08 23:38:10, Warning DISM DISM Provider Store: PID=3160 TID=3172 Failed to Load the provider: C:\Windows\TEMP\505F54F1-4977-4233-835C-8B6DA83BCAEB\PEProvider.dll. - CDISMProviderStore::Internal_GetProvider(hr:0x8007007e) 2013-04-08 23:39:23, Warning DISM DISM Provider Store: PID=3756 TID=3768 Failed to Load the provider: C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\2\F1B7A223-F380-4F42-84BF-396D374EE80B\PEProvider.dll. - CDISMProviderStore::Internal_GetProvider(hr:0x8007007e) 2013-04-08 23:39:23, Warning DISM DISM Provider Store: PID=3756 TID=3768 Failed to Load the provider: C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\2\F1B7A223-F380-4F42-84BF-396D374EE80B\IBSProvider.dll. - CDISMProviderStore::Internal_GetProvider(hr:0x8007007e) 2013-04-08 23:39:23, Warning DISM DISM Provider Store: PID=3756 TID=3768 Failed to get the IDismObject Interface - CDISMProviderStore::Internal_LoadProvider(hr:0x80004002) 2013-04-08 23:39:23, Warning DISM DISM Provider Store: PID=3756 TID=3768 Failed to Load the provider: C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\2\F1B7A223-F380-4F42-84BF-396D374EE80B\Wow64provider.dll. - CDISMProviderStore::Internal_GetProvider(hr:0x80004002) 2013-04-08 23:39:23, Warning DISM DISM Provider Store: PID=3756 TID=3768 Failed to Load the provider: C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\2\F1B7A223-F380-4F42-84BF-396D374EE80B\EmbeddedProvider.dll. - CDISMProviderStore::Internal_GetProvider(hr:0x8007007e) None of my error codes align with any of those on this MS support page. I would really appreciate your assistance. I am really struggling with a solution. Am I missing something obvious here? EDIT: I have verified the checksum of my ISO image: File Name: en_windows_server_2012_x64_dvd_915478.iso SHA1: D09E752B1EE480BC7E93DFA7D5C3A9B8AAC477BA

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  • Executing Oracle SQLPlus in a Powershell Invoke-Command statement against a remote machine

    - by Scott Muc
    We have a basic powershell script that attempts to execute SQLPlus.exe on a remote machine. The remote does not have Oracle Instant client installed, but we have bundled all the necesary dlls in a remote folder. For example we have sqlplus.exe and dependencies in the directory C:\temp\oracle. If I navigate to that path on the remote server and execute sqlplus.exe it runs just fine. I get the prompt for username. If I go: Invoke-Command -comp remote.machine.host -ScriptBlock { C:\temp\oracle\sqplus.exe } I get the following: Error 57 initializing SQL*Plus + CategoryInfo : NotSpecified: (Error 57 initializing SQL*Plus:String) [], RemoteException + FullyQualifiedErrorId : NativeCommandError Error loading message shared library Thinking that it's potentially a PATH issue I tried the following: Invoke-Command -comp remote.machine.host -ScriptBlock { $env:ORACLE_HOME= "C:\temp\oracle"; $env:PATH = "$env:ORACLE_HOME; C:\temp\oracle\sqlplus.exe } This had the same result. The error code is not very helpful and is extremely frustrating since it does work when I log on to the machine. What is powershell remoting doing that's making this not work?

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  • Traffic Shaping using tc

    - by Simon
    Hi guys, I have a 1.5 Mbit/s link that i want to share with 150 users. My setup is the following: Linux box with 3 NICs eth0 - public ip eth1 - subnet A - 50 users (static ips) eth2 - subnet B - 100 users (via dhcp) I am using squid as a transparent proxy on port 3128. dhcp server using ports 67 and 68. I was creating, but I think packets are not going to the right queues #!/bin/bash DEV=eth0 RATE_MAIN=2048kbit CEIL_MAIN=2048kbit BURST=1b CBURST=1b RATE_DEFAULT=1024kbit CEIL_DEFAULT=$CEIL_MAIN PRIO_DEFAULT=3 RATE_P2P=1024Kbit CEIL_P2P=$CEIL_MAIN PRIO_P2P=4 RATE_IND=32kbit CEIL_IND=$CEIL_DEFAULT tc qdisc del dev $DEV root tc qdisc add dev $DEV root handle 1: htb default 30 tc class add dev $DEV parent 1: classid 1:1 htb rate $RATE_MAIN ceil $CEIL_MAIN tc class add dev $DEV parent 1:1 classid 1:10 htb rate $RATE_DEFAULT ceil $CEIL_MAIN burst $BURST cburst $CBURST prio $PRIO_WEB ## some other sub class for p2p other traffic tc class add dev $DEV parent 1:1 classid 1:20 htb rate $RATE_P2P ceil $CEIL_P2P burst $BURST cburst $CBURST prio $PRIO_P2P $IPS_NET1=50 $IPS_NET2=100 let $IPS=$IPS_NET1+$IPS_NET2 for ((i=1; i<= $IPS; i++)) do let CLASSID=($i+100) let HANDLE=($i+100) tc class add dev $DEV parent 1:10 classid 1:$CLASSID htb rate $RATE_IND ceil $CEIL_IND tc qdisc add dev $DEV parent 1:$CLASSID handle $HANDLE: sfq perturb 10 done ## Generate IP addresses ## IP_ADDRESSES="" # Subnet A BASE_IP=10.10.10. for ((i=2; i<=$IPS_NET1+1; i++)) do TEMP="$BASE_IP$i" IP=ADDRESSES="$IP_ADDRESSES $TEMP" done # Subnet B BASE_IP=192.168.0. for ((i=2; i<=$IPS_NET2+1; i++)) do TEMP="$BASE_IP$i" IP_ADDRESSES="$IP_ADDRESSES $TEMP" done ## FILTERS ## j=1 U32="tc filter add dev $DEV protocol ip parent 1:0 prio $PRIO_DEFAULT u32" for NET in $IP_ADDRESSES; do let CLASSID=($j+100) $U32_DEFAULT match ip src $NET/32 flowid 1:$CLASSID $U32_DEFAULT match ip dst $NET/32 flowid 1:$CLASSID let j=j+1 done Can you guys help me figure out what's wrong with it? basically I want my classes to be 1:1 (1.5 Mbit ) 1:10 (1024 Kbit) 1:20 (1024 Kbit) (200 ips each with 32 kbit)

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  • Executing Oracle SQLPlus in a Powershell Invoke-Command statement against a remote machine

    - by Scott Muc
    We have a basic powershell script that attempts to execute SQLPlus.exe on a remote machine. The remote does not have Oracle Instant client installed, but we have bundled all the necesary dlls in a remote folder. For example we have sqlplus.exe and dependencies in the directory C:\temp\oracle. If I navigate to that path on the remote server and execute sqlplus.exe it runs just fine. I get the prompt for username. If I go: Invoke-Command -comp remote.machine.host -ScriptBlock { C:\temp\oracle\sqplus.exe } I get the following: Error 57 initializing SQL*Plus + CategoryInfo : NotSpecified: (Error 57 initializing SQL*Plus:String) [], RemoteException + FullyQualifiedErrorId : NativeCommandError Error loading message shared library Thinking that it's potentially a PATH issue I tried the following: Invoke-Command -comp remote.machine.host -ScriptBlock { $env:ORACLE_HOME= "C:\temp\oracle"; $env:PATH = "$env:ORACLE_HOME; C:\temp\oracle\sqlplus.exe } This had the same result. The error code is not very helpful and is extremely frustrating since it does work when I log on to the machine. What is powershell remoting doing that's making this not work?

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  • Recompiling Nginx 1.4.3 with "--with-http_gzip_static_module" error

    - by Elijah Paul
    I'm trying to enable the 'ngx_http_gzip_static_module' module in Nginx 1.4.3 by adding the --with-http_gzip_static_module to my ./configure configuration. But I recieve the following error when i try to recompile (make): # make make -f objs/Makefile make[1]: Entering directory `/tmp/nginx-1.4.3' make[1]: *** No rule to make target `src/os/unix/ngx_gcc_atomic_x86.h', needed by `objs/src/core/nginx.o'. Stop. make[1]: Leaving directory `/tmp/nginx-1.4.3' make: *** [build] Error 2 My current config (CentOS 6.4): # nginx -V nginx version: nginx/1.4.3 built by gcc 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-3) (GCC) TLS SNI support enabled configure arguments: --conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf --pid-path=/var/run/nginx.pid --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log --http-proxy-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/proxy_temp --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/fastcgi_temp --http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/uwsgi_temp --http-scgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/scgi_temp --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log --with-http_ssl_module --prefix=/usr --add-module=./nginx-sticky-module-1.1 --add-module=./headers-more-nginx-module-0.23 i was under the impression that this was a module that just need to be 'enabled' as opposed to 'added'. What am I missing here?

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  • Why is MySQL table_cache full but never used

    - by Jeremy Clarke
    I have been using the tuning-primer.sh script to tune my my.cnf settings. I have most things working well but the part about TABLE CACHE makes no sense: TABLE CACHE Current table_cache value = 900 tables. You have a total of 0 tables You have 900 open tables. Current table_cache hit rate is 1% , while 100% of your table cache is in use. You should probably increase your table_cache When I do SHOW STATUS; I get the following table-related numbers: Open_tables = 900 Opened_tables = 0 It seems like something is going wrong. I have some extra memory I could use on increasing the table_cache size, but my sense is that the 900 tables already available aren't doing anything, and increasing it will just waste more energy. Why might this be happening? Are there other settings that could cause all my table_cache slots to be used even though there are no hits to them? I have 150 max connections and probably no more than 4 tables per join, FWIW. Here is the tuner script output for temp tables, which I've also been tuning: TEMP TABLES Current max_heap_table_size = 90 M Current tmp_table_size = 90 M Of 11032358 temp tables, 40% were created on disk Perhaps you should increase your tmp_table_size and/or max_heap_table_size to reduce the number of disk-based temporary tables. Note! BLOB and TEXT columns are not allow in memory tables. If you are using these columns raising these values might not impact your ratio of on disk temp tables.

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  • Can't get LWJGL lighting to work

    - by Zarkonnen
    I'm trying to enable lighting in lwjgl according to the method described by NeHe and this post. However, no matter what I try, all faces of my shapes always receive the same amount of light, or, in the case of a spinning shape, the amount of lighting seems to oscillate. All faces are lit up by the same amount, which changes as the pyramid rotates. Concrete example (apologies for the length): Note how all panels are always the same brightness, but the brightness varies with the pyramid's rotation. This is using lwjgl 2.8.3 on Mac OS X. package com; import com.zarkonnen.lwjgltest.Main; import org.lwjgl.opengl.Display; import org.lwjgl.opengl.DisplayMode; import org.lwjgl.opengl.GL11; import org.newdawn.slick.opengl.Texture; import org.newdawn.slick.opengl.TextureLoader; import org.lwjgl.util.glu.*; import org.lwjgl.input.Keyboard; import java.nio.FloatBuffer; import java.nio.ByteBuffer; import java.nio.ByteOrder; /** * * @author penguin */ public class main { public static void main(String[] args) { try { Display.setDisplayMode(new DisplayMode(800, 600)); Display.setTitle("3D Pyramid"); Display.create(); } catch (Exception e) { } initGL(); float rtri = 0.0f; Texture texture = null; try { texture = TextureLoader.getTexture("png", Main.class.getResourceAsStream("tex.png")); } catch (Exception ex) { ex.printStackTrace(); } while (!Display.isCloseRequested()) { // Draw a Triangle :D GL11.glClear(GL11.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL11.GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT); GL11.glLoadIdentity(); GL11.glTranslatef(0.0f, 0.0f, -10.0f); GL11.glRotatef(rtri, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f); texture.bind(); GL11.glBegin(GL11.GL_TRIANGLES); GL11.glTexCoord2f(0.0f, 1.0f); GL11.glVertex3f(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f); GL11.glTexCoord2f(-1.0f, -1.0f); GL11.glVertex3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f); GL11.glTexCoord2f(1.0f, -1.0f); GL11.glVertex3f(1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f); GL11.glTexCoord2f(0.0f, 1.0f); GL11.glVertex3f(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f); GL11.glTexCoord2f(-1.0f, -1.0f); GL11.glVertex3f(1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f); GL11.glTexCoord2f(1.0f, -1.0f); GL11.glVertex3f(1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f); GL11.glTexCoord2f(0.0f, 1.0f); GL11.glVertex3f(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f); GL11.glTexCoord2f(-1.0f, -1.0f); GL11.glVertex3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f); GL11.glTexCoord2f(1.0f, -1.0f); GL11.glVertex3f(1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f); GL11.glTexCoord2f(0.0f, 1.0f); GL11.glVertex3f(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f); GL11.glTexCoord2f(-1.0f, -1.0f); GL11.glVertex3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f); GL11.glTexCoord2f(1.0f, -1.0f); GL11.glVertex3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f); GL11.glEnd(); GL11.glBegin(GL11.GL_QUADS); GL11.glVertex3f(1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f); GL11.glVertex3f(1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f); GL11.glVertex3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f); GL11.glVertex3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f); GL11.glEnd(); Display.update(); rtri += 0.05f; // Exit-Key = ESC boolean exitPressed = Keyboard.isKeyDown(Keyboard.KEY_ESCAPE); if (exitPressed) { System.out.println("Escape was pressed!"); Display.destroy(); } } Display.destroy(); } private static void initGL() { GL11.glEnable(GL11.GL_LIGHTING); GL11.glMatrixMode(GL11.GL_PROJECTION); GL11.glLoadIdentity(); GLU.gluPerspective(45.0f, ((float) 800) / ((float) 600), 0.1f, 100.0f); GL11.glMatrixMode(GL11.GL_MODELVIEW); GL11.glLoadIdentity(); GL11.glEnable(GL11.GL_TEXTURE_2D); GL11.glShadeModel(GL11.GL_SMOOTH); GL11.glClearColor(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); GL11.glClearDepth(1.0f); GL11.glEnable(GL11.GL_DEPTH_TEST); GL11.glDepthFunc(GL11.GL_LEQUAL); GL11.glHint(GL11.GL_PERSPECTIVE_CORRECTION_HINT, GL11.GL_NICEST); float lightAmbient[] = {0.5f, 0.5f, 0.5f, 1.0f}; // Ambient Light Values float lightDiffuse[] = {1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f}; // Diffuse Light Values float lightPosition[] = {0.0f, 0.0f, 2.0f, 1.0f}; // Light Position ByteBuffer temp = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(16); temp.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder()); GL11.glLight(GL11.GL_LIGHT1, GL11.GL_AMBIENT, (FloatBuffer) temp.asFloatBuffer().put(lightAmbient).flip()); // Setup The Ambient Light GL11.glLight(GL11.GL_LIGHT1, GL11.GL_DIFFUSE, (FloatBuffer) temp.asFloatBuffer().put(lightDiffuse).flip()); // Setup The Diffuse Light GL11.glLight(GL11.GL_LIGHT1, GL11.GL_POSITION, (FloatBuffer) temp.asFloatBuffer().put(lightPosition).flip()); // Position The Light GL11.glEnable(GL11.GL_LIGHT1); // Enable Light One } }

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  • The Clocks on USACO

    - by philip
    I submitted my code for a question on USACO titled "The Clocks". This is the link to the question: http://ace.delos.com/usacoprob2?a=wj7UqN4l7zk&S=clocks This is the output: Compiling... Compile: OK Executing... Test 1: TEST OK [0.173 secs, 13928 KB] Test 2: TEST OK [0.130 secs, 13928 KB] Test 3: TEST OK [0.583 secs, 13928 KB] Test 4: TEST OK [0.965 secs, 13928 KB] Run 5: Execution error: Your program (`clocks') used more than the allotted runtime of 1 seconds (it ended or was stopped at 1.584 seconds) when presented with test case 5. It used 13928 KB of memory. ------ Data for Run 5 ------ 6 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 ---------------------------- Your program printed data to stdout. Here is the data: ------------------- time:_0.40928452 ------------------- Test 5: RUNTIME 1.5841 (13928 KB) I wrote my program so that it will print out the time taken (in seconds) for the program to complete before it exits. As can be seen, it took 0.40928452 seconds before exiting. So how the heck did the runtime end up to be 1.584 seconds? What should I do about it? This is the code if it helps: import java.io.; import java.util.; class clocks { public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException { long start = System.nanoTime(); // Use BufferedReader rather than RandomAccessFile; it's much faster BufferedReader f = new BufferedReader(new FileReader("clocks.in")); // input file name goes above PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter("clocks.out"))); // Use StringTokenizer vs. readLine/split -- lots faster int[] clock = new int[9]; for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) { StringTokenizer st = new StringTokenizer(f.readLine()); // Get line, break into tokens clock[i * 3] = Integer.parseInt(st.nextToken()); clock[i * 3 + 1] = Integer.parseInt(st.nextToken()); clock[i * 3 + 2] = Integer.parseInt(st.nextToken()); } ArrayList validCombination = new ArrayList();; for (int i = 1; true; i++) { ArrayList combination = getPossibleCombinations(i); for (int j = 0; j < combination.size(); j++) { if (tryCombination(clock, (int[]) combination.get(j))) { validCombination.add(combination.get(j)); } } if (validCombination.size() > 0) { break; } } int [] min = (int[])validCombination.get(0); if (validCombination.size() > 1){ String minS = ""; for (int i=0; i<min.length; i++) minS += min[i]; for (int i=1; i<validCombination.size(); i++){ String tempS = ""; int [] temp = (int[])validCombination.get(i); for (int j=0; j<temp.length; j++) tempS += temp[j]; if (tempS.compareTo(minS) < 0){ minS = tempS; min = temp; } } } for (int i=0; i<min.length-1; i++) out.print(min[i] + " "); out.println(min[min.length-1]); out.close(); // close the output file long end = System.nanoTime(); System.out.println("time: " + (end-start)/1000000000.0); System.exit(0); // don't omit this! } static boolean tryCombination(int[] clock, int[] steps) { int[] temp = Arrays.copyOf(clock, clock.length); for (int i = 0; i < steps.length; i++) transform(temp, steps[i]); for (int i=0; i<temp.length; i++) if (temp[i] != 12) return false; return true; } static void transform(int[] clock, int n) { if (n == 1) { int[] clocksToChange = {0, 1, 3, 4}; add3(clock, clocksToChange); } else if (n == 2) { int[] clocksToChange = {0, 1, 2}; add3(clock, clocksToChange); } else if (n == 3) { int[] clocksToChange = {1, 2, 4, 5}; add3(clock, clocksToChange); } else if (n == 4) { int[] clocksToChange = {0, 3, 6}; add3(clock, clocksToChange); } else if (n == 5) { int[] clocksToChange = {1, 3, 4, 5, 7}; add3(clock, clocksToChange); } else if (n == 6) { int[] clocksToChange = {2, 5, 8}; add3(clock, clocksToChange); } else if (n == 7) { int[] clocksToChange = {3, 4, 6, 7}; add3(clock, clocksToChange); } else if (n == 8) { int[] clocksToChange = {6, 7, 8}; add3(clock, clocksToChange); } else if (n == 9) { int[] clocksToChange = {4, 5, 7, 8}; add3(clock, clocksToChange); } } static void add3(int[] clock, int[] position) { for (int i = 0; i < position.length; i++) { if (clock[position[i]] != 12) { clock[position[i]] += 3; } else { clock[position[i]] = 3; } } } static ArrayList getPossibleCombinations(int size) { ArrayList l = new ArrayList(); int[] current = new int[size]; for (int i = 0; i < current.length; i++) { current[i] = 1; } int[] end = new int[size]; for (int i = 0; i < end.length; i++) { end[i] = 9; } l.add(Arrays.copyOf(current, size)); while (!Arrays.equals(current, end)) { incrementWithoutRepetition(current, current.length - 1); l.add(Arrays.copyOf(current, size)); } int [][] combination = new int[l.size()][size]; for (int i=0; i<l.size(); i++) combination[i] = (int[])l.get(i); return l; } static int incrementWithoutRepetition(int[] n, int index) { if (n[index] != 9) { n[index]++; return n[index]; } else { n[index] = incrementWithoutRepetition(n, index - 1); return n[index]; } } static void p(int[] n) { for (int i = 0; i < n.length; i++) { System.out.print(n[i] + " "); } System.out.println(""); } }

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  • Java constructor and modify the object properties at runtime

    - by lupin
    Note: This is an assignment Hi, I have the following class/constructor. import java.io.*; class Set { public int numberOfElements = 0; public String[] setElements = new String[5]; public int maxNumberOfElements = 5; // constructor for our Set class public Set(int numberOfE, int setE, int maxNumberOfE) { int numberOfElements = numberOfE; String[] setElements = new String[setE]; int maxNumberOfElements = maxNumberOfE; } // Helper method to shorten/remove element of array since we're using basic array instead of ArrayList or HashSet from collection interface :( static String[] removeAt(int k, String[] arr) { final int L = arr.length; String[] ret = new String[L - 1]; System.arraycopy(arr, 0, ret, 0, k); System.arraycopy(arr, k + 1, ret, k, L - k - 1); return ret; } int findElement(String element) { int retval = 0; for ( int i = 0; i < setElements.length; i++) { if ( setElements[i] != null && setElements[i].equals(element) ) { return retval = i; } retval = -1; } return retval; } void add(String newValue) { int elem = findElement(newValue); if( numberOfElements < maxNumberOfElements && elem == -1 ) { setElements[numberOfElements] = newValue; numberOfElements++; } } int getLength() { if ( setElements != null ) { return setElements.length; } else { return 0; } } String[] emptySet() { setElements = new String[0]; return setElements; } Boolean isFull() { Boolean True = new Boolean(true); Boolean False = new Boolean(false); if ( setElements.length == maxNumberOfElements ){ return True; } else { return False; } } Boolean isEmpty() { Boolean True = new Boolean(true); Boolean False = new Boolean(false); if ( setElements.length == 0 ) { return True; } else { return False; } } void remove(String newValue) { for ( int i = 0; i < setElements.length; i++) { if ( setElements[i].equals(newValue) ) { setElements = removeAt(i,setElements); } } } int isAMember(String element) { int retval = -1; for ( int i = 0; i < setElements.length; i++ ) { if (setElements[i] != null && setElements[i].equals(element)) { return retval = i; } } return retval; } void printSet() { for ( int i = 0; i < setElements.length; i++) { System.out.println("Member elements on index: "+ i +" " + setElements[i]); } } String[] getMember() { String[] tempArray = new String[setElements.length]; for ( int i = 0; i < setElements.length; i++) { if(setElements[i] != null) { tempArray[i] = setElements[i]; } } return tempArray; } Set union(Set x, Set y) { String[] newXtemparray = new String[x.getLength()]; String[] newYtemparray = new String[y.getLength()]; Set temp = new Set(1,20,20); newXtemparray = x.getMember(); newYtemparray = x.getMember(); for(int i = 0; i < newXtemparray.length; i++) { temp.add(newYtemparray[i]); } for(int j = 0; j < newYtemparray.length; j++) { temp.add(newYtemparray[j]); } return temp; } } // This is the SetDemo class that will make use of our Set class class SetDemo { public static void main(String[] args) { //get input from keyboard BufferedReader keyboard; InputStreamReader reader; String temp = ""; reader = new InputStreamReader(System.in); keyboard = new BufferedReader(reader); try { System.out.println("Enter string element to be added" ); temp = keyboard.readLine( ); System.out.println("You entered " + temp ); } catch (IOException IOerr) { System.out.println("There was an error during input"); } /* ************************************************************************** * Test cases for our new created Set class. * ************************************************************************** */ Set setA = new Set(1,10,10); setA.add(temp); setA.add("b"); setA.add("b"); setA.add("hello"); setA.add("world"); setA.add("six"); setA.add("seven"); setA.add("b"); int size = setA.getLength(); System.out.println("Set size is: " + size ); Boolean isempty = setA.isEmpty(); System.out.println("Set is empty? " + isempty ); int ismember = setA.isAMember("sixb"); System.out.println("Element six is member of setA? " + ismember ); Boolean output = setA.isFull(); System.out.println("Set is full? " + output ); setA.printSet(); int index = setA.findElement("world"); System.out.println("Element b located on index: " + index ); setA.remove("b"); setA.emptySet(); int resize = setA.getLength(); System.out.println("Set size is: " + resize ); setA.printSet(); Set setB = new Set(0,10,10); Set SetA = setA.union(setB,setA); SetA.printSet(); } } I have two question here, why I when I change the class property declaration to: class Set { public int numberOfElements; public String[] setElements; public int maxNumberOfElements; // constructor for our Set class public Set(int numberOfE, int setE, int maxNumberOfE) { int numberOfElements = numberOfE; String[] setElements = new String[setE]; int maxNumberOfElements = maxNumberOfE; } I got this error: \ javaprojects>java SetDemo Enter string element to be added a You entered a Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NullPointerException at Set.findElement(Set.java:30) at Set.add(Set.java:43) at SetDemo.main(Set.java:169) Second, on the union method, why the result of SetA.printSet still printing null, isn't it getting back the return value from union method? Thanks in advance for any explaination. lupin

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  • Polynomial division overloading operator (solved)

    - by Vlad
    Ok. here's the operations i successfully code so far thank's to your help: Adittion: polinom operator+(const polinom& P) const { polinom Result; constIter i = poly.begin(), j = P.poly.begin(); while (i != poly.end() && j != P.poly.end()) { //logic while both iterators are valid if (i->pow > j->pow) { //if the current term's degree of the first polynomial is bigger Result.insert(i->coef, i->pow); i++; } else if (j->pow > i->pow) { // if the other polynomial's term degree is bigger Result.insert(j->coef, j->pow); j++; } else { // if both are equal Result.insert(i->coef + j->coef, i->pow); i++; j++; } } //handle the remaining items in each list //note: at least one will be equal to end(), but that loop will simply be skipped while (i != poly.end()) { Result.insert(i->coef, i->pow); ++i; } while (j != P.poly.end()) { Result.insert(j->coef, j->pow); ++j; } return Result; } Subtraction: polinom operator-(const polinom& P) const //fixed prototype re. const-correctness { polinom Result; constIter i = poly.begin(), j = P.poly.begin(); while (i != poly.end() && j != P.poly.end()) { //logic while both iterators are valid if (i->pow > j->pow) { //if the current term's degree of the first polynomial is bigger Result.insert(-(i->coef), i->pow); i++; } else if (j->pow > i->pow) { // if the other polynomial's term degree is bigger Result.insert(-(j->coef), j->pow); j++; } else { // if both are equal Result.insert(i->coef - j->coef, i->pow); i++; j++; } } //handle the remaining items in each list //note: at least one will be equal to end(), but that loop will simply be skipped while (i != poly.end()) { Result.insert(i->coef, i->pow); ++i; } while (j != P.poly.end()) { Result.insert(j->coef, j->pow); ++j; } return Result; } Multiplication: polinom operator*(const polinom& P) const { polinom Result; constIter i, j, lastItem = Result.poly.end(); Iter it1, it2, first, last; int nr_matches; for (i = poly.begin() ; i != poly.end(); i++) { for (j = P.poly.begin(); j != P.poly.end(); j++) Result.insert(i->coef * j->coef, i->pow + j->pow); } Result.poly.sort(SortDescending()); lastItem--; while (true) { nr_matches = 0; for (it1 = Result.poly.begin(); it1 != lastItem; it1++) { first = it1; last = it1; first++; for (it2 = first; it2 != Result.poly.end(); it2++) { if (it2->pow == it1->pow) { it1->coef += it2->coef; nr_matches++; } } nr_matches++; do { last++; nr_matches--; } while (nr_matches != 0); Result.poly.erase(first, last); } if (nr_matches == 0) break; } return Result; } Division(Edited): polinom operator/(const polinom& P) const { polinom Result, temp2; polinom temp = *this; Iter i = temp.poly.begin(); constIter j = P.poly.begin(); int resultSize = 0; if (temp.poly.size() < 2) { if (i->pow >= j->pow) { Result.insert(i->coef / j->coef, i->pow - j->pow); temp = temp - Result * P; } else { Result.insert(0, 0); } } else { while (true) { if (i->pow >= j->pow) { Result.insert(i->coef / j->coef, i->pow - j->pow); if (Result.poly.size() < 2) temp2 = Result; else { temp2 = Result; resultSize = Result.poly.size(); for (int k = 1 ; k != resultSize; k++) temp2.poly.pop_front(); } temp = temp - temp2 * P; } else break; } } return Result; } }; The first three are working correctly but division doesn't as it seems the program is in a infinite loop. Final Update After listening to Dave, I finally made it by overloading both / and & to return the quotient and the remainder so thanks a lot everyone for your help and especially you Dave for your great idea! P.S. If anyone wants for me to post these 2 overloaded operator please ask it by commenting on my post (and maybe give a vote up for everyone involved).

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