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  • DrawIndexedPrimitives overdraws data in previous buffer if called in loop

    - by Daniel Excinsky
    I doubled the question from stackoverflow here, and will delete the opposite of a question that gave me the answer. I have the Draw method in one of my renderers, that loops through the dictionary and gets precollected and preinitialized buffers. When dictionary has only one element, everything is just fine. But with more elements what I get on the screen is only the data from the last buffer (I suppose, not sure) My Draw method: public void Draw(GameTime gameTime) { if (!_areStaticEffectsSet) { // blockEffect.Parameters["TextureAtlas"].SetValue(textureAtlas); blockEffect.Parameters["HorizonColor"].SetValue(World.HORIZONCOLOR); blockEffect.Parameters["NightColor"].SetValue(World.NIGHTCOLOR); blockEffect.Parameters["MorningTint"].SetValue(World.MORNINGTINT); blockEffect.Parameters["EveningTint"].SetValue(World.EVENINGTINT); blockEffect.Parameters["SunColor"].SetValue(World.SUNCOLOR); _areStaticEffectsSet = true; } blockEffect.Parameters["World"].SetValue(Matrix.Identity); blockEffect.Parameters["View"].SetValue(_player.CameraView); blockEffect.Parameters["Projection"].SetValue(_player.CameraProjection); blockEffect.Parameters["CameraPosition"].SetValue(_player.CameraPosition); blockEffect.Parameters["timeOfDay"].SetValue(_world.TimeOfDay); var viewFrustum = new BoundingFrustum(_player.CameraView * _player.CameraProjection); _graphicsDevice.BlendState = BlendState.Opaque; _graphicsDevice.DepthStencilState = DepthStencilState.Default; foreach (KeyValuePair<int, Texture2D> textureAtlas in textureAtlases) { blockEffect.Parameters["TextureAtlas"].SetValue(textureAtlas.Value); foreach (EffectPass pass in blockEffect.CurrentTechnique.Passes) { pass.Apply(); //TODO: ?????????? ??????????????? ?? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? VertexBuffer ? IndexBuffer foreach (Chunk chunk in _world.Chunks.Values) { if (chunk == null || chunk.IsDisposed) { continue; } if (chunk.BoundingBox.Intersects(viewFrustum) && chunk.GetBlockIndexBuffer(textureAtlas.Key) != null) { lock (chunk) { if (chunk.GetBlockIndexBuffer(textureAtlas.Key).IndexCount > 0) { VertexBuffer vertexBuffer = chunk.GetBlockVertexBuffer(textureAtlas.Key); IndexBuffer indexBuffer = chunk.GetBlockIndexBuffer(textureAtlas.Key); //if (chunk.DrawIndex == new Vector3i(0, 0, 0)) //{ //if (textureAtlas.Key == -1) //{ //var varray = new [] //{ //new VertexPositionTextureLight(new Vector3(0,68,0), new Vector2(0,1),1,new Vector3(0,0,0), new Vector3(1,1,1)), //new VertexPositionTextureLight(new Vector3(0,68,1), new Vector2(0,1),1,new Vector3(0,0,0), new Vector3(1,1,1)), //new VertexPositionTextureLight(new Vector3(1,68,0), new Vector2(0,1),1,new Vector3(0,0,0), new Vector3(1,1,1)) //}; //var iarray = new short[] {0, 1, 2}; //vertexBuffer = new VertexBuffer(_graphicsDevice, typeof(VertexPositionTextureLight), varray.Length, BufferUsage.WriteOnly); //indexBuffer = new IndexBuffer(_graphicsDevice, IndexElementSize.SixteenBits, iarray.Length, BufferUsage.WriteOnly); //vertexBuffer.SetData(varray); //indexBuffer.SetData(iarray); } } _graphicsDevice.SetVertexBuffer(vertexBuffer); _graphicsDevice.Indices = indexBuffer; _graphicsDevice.DrawIndexedPrimitives(PrimitiveType.TriangleList, 0, 0, vertexBuffer.VertexCount, 0, indexBuffer.IndexCount / 3); } } } } } } } Noteworthy things about the code: XNA version is 4.0. I've commented the debugging code in the loop, but left it for it may bring some insight. I try not only to change vertices/indices in the loop, but textureAtlas also. Code in the shader about textureAtlas: Texture TextureAtlas; sampler TextureAtlasSampler = sampler_state { texture = <TextureAtlas>; magfilter = POINT; minfilter = POINT; mipfilter = POINT; AddressU = WRAP; AddressV = WRAP; }; struct VSInput { float4 Position : POSITION0; float2 TexCoords1 : TEXCOORD0; float SunLight : COLOR0; float3 LocalLight : COLOR1; float3 Normal : NORMAL0; }; VertexPositionTextureLight is my own realization of IVertexType. So, do anybody know about this problem, or see the wrongness in my code (that's far more likely)?

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  • Best approach to depth streaming via existing codec

    - by Kevin
    I'm working on a development system (and game) intended for games set mostly in static third-person views. We produce our scenery by CG and photographic techniques. Our background art is rendered off-line by a production-grade renderer. To allow the runtime imagery to properly interact with the background art, I wrote a program to convert from depth output by Mental Ray into a texture, and a pixel shader to draw a quad such that the Z data comes from the texture. This technique is working out very well, but now we've decided that some of the camera angle changes between scenes should be animated. The animation itself is straightforward to produce from our CG models. We intend to encode it to some HD video codec such as H.264. The problem is that in order to maintain our runtime imagery on the screen, the depth buffer will need to be loaded for each video frame. Due to the bandwidth, the video's depth data will need to be compressed efficiently. I've looked into methods for performing temporal compression of depth info and found an interesting research paper here: http://web4.cs.ucl.ac.uk/staff/j.kautz/publications/depth-streaming.pdf The method establishes a mapping between 16-bit depth values and YCbCr values. The mapping is tuned to the properties of existing video codecs in order to maximize precision of the decoded depths after the YCbCr has undergone video compression. It allows an existing, unmodified video codec to be used on the backend. I'm looking at how to pull this off with the least possible work. (This design change was unplanned.) Our game engine itself is native C++, presently for Win32 and DirectX, although we've worked hard to keep platform dependence segregated because we intend other ports. We don't have motion video facilities in the engine yet but will ultimately need that anyway for cinematics. I was planning on using some off-the-shelf motion video solution we can plug into our engine, and haven't chosen one yet. This new added requirement makes selecting one harder since, among other things, we'll now need to bypass colourspace conversion on one of the streams, and also will need to be playing two streams simultaneously in lockstep, on top of in some cases audio on one of them (for the cinematics). I'm also wondering if it's possible (or even useful) to do the conversion from YCbCr to depth in a pixel shader, or if it's better to just do it in CPU and separately load the resulting depth values into a locked tex. The conversion unfortunately does involve branching logic per-pixel. (There are more naive mappings that don't need branching, but they produce inferior results.) It could be reduced to a table lookup but the table would be 32MB. Programming is second-nature to me but I'm not that experienced with pix shaders and have zero knowledge of off-the-shelf video solutions. I'd therefore be interested in advice from others who may have dealt more with depth streaming, pixel shaders, and/or off-the-shelf codecs, regarding how feasible the proposed application is and what off-the-shelf video systems out there would best get along with this usage case.

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  • Multithreading 2D gravity calculations

    - by Postman
    I'm building a space exploration game and I've currently started working on gravity ( In C# with XNA). The gravity still needs tweaking, but before I can do that, I need to address some performance issues with my physics calculations. This is using 100 objects, normally rendering 1000 of them with no physics calculations gets well over 300 FPS (which is my FPS cap), but any more than 10 or so objects brings the game (and the single thread it runs on) to its knees when doing physics calculations. I checked my thread usage and the first thread was killing itself from all the work, so I figured I just needed to do the physics calculation on another thread. However when I try to run the Gravity.cs class's Update method on another thread, even if Gravity's Update method has nothing in it, the game is still down to 2 FPS. Gravity.cs public void Update() { foreach (KeyValuePair<string, Entity> e in entityEngine.Entities) { Vector2 Force = new Vector2(); foreach (KeyValuePair<string, Entity> e2 in entityEngine.Entities) { if (e2.Key != e.Key) { float distance = Vector2.Distance(entityEngine.Entities[e.Key].Position, entityEngine.Entities[e2.Key].Position); if (distance > (entityEngine.Entities[e.Key].Texture.Width / 2 + entityEngine.Entities[e2.Key].Texture.Width / 2)) { double angle = Math.Atan2(entityEngine.Entities[e2.Key].Position.Y - entityEngine.Entities[e.Key].Position.Y, entityEngine.Entities[e2.Key].Position.X - entityEngine.Entities[e.Key].Position.X); float mult = 0.1f * (entityEngine.Entities[e.Key].Mass * entityEngine.Entities[e2.Key].Mass) / distance * distance; Vector2 VecForce = new Vector2((float)Math.Cos(angle), (float)Math.Sin(angle)); VecForce.Normalize(); Force = Vector2.Add(Force, VecForce * mult); } } } entityEngine.Entities[e.Key].Position += Force; } } Yeah, I know. It's a nested foreach loop, but I don't know how else to do the gravity calculation, and this seems to work, it's just so intensive that it needs its own thread. (Even if someone knows a super efficient way to do these calculations, I'd still like to know how I COULD do it on multiple threads instead) EntityEngine.cs (manages an instance of Gravity.cs) public class EntityEngine { public Dictionary<string, Entity> Entities = new Dictionary<string, Entity>(); public Gravity gravity; private Thread T; public EntityEngine() { gravity = new Gravity(this); } public void Update() { foreach (KeyValuePair<string, Entity> e in Entities) { Entities[e.Key].Update(); } T = new Thread(new ThreadStart(gravity.Update)); T.IsBackground = true; T.Start(); } } EntityEngine is created in Game1.cs, and its Update() method is called within Game1.cs. I need my physics calculation in Gravity.cs to run every time the game updates, in a separate thread so that the calculation doesn't slow the game down to horribly low (0-2) FPS. How would I go about making this threading work? (any suggestions for an improved Planetary Gravity system are welcome if anyone has them) I'm also not looking for a lesson in why I shouldn't use threading or the dangers of using it incorrectly, I'm looking for a straight answer on how to do it. I've already spent an hour googling this very question with little results that I understood or were helpful. I don't mean to come off rude, but it always seems hard as a programming noob to get a straight meaningful answer, I usually rather get an answer so complex I'd easily be able to solve my issue if I understood it, or someone saying why I shouldn't do what I want to do and offering no alternatives (that are helpful). Thank you for the help!

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  • XNA 2D Board game - trouble with the cursor

    - by Adorjan
    I just have started making a simple 2D board game using XNA, but I got stuck at the movement of the cursor. This is my problem: I have a 10x10 table on with I should use a cursor to navigate. I simply made that table with the spriteBatch.Draw() function because I couldn't do it on another way. So here is what I did with the cursor: public override void LoadContent() { ... mutato.Position = new Vector2(X, Y); //X=103, Y=107; mutato.Sebesseg = 45; ... mutato.Initialize(content.Load<Texture2D>("cursor"),mutato.Position,mutato.Sebesseg); ... } public override void HandleInput(InputState input) { if (input == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("input"); // Look up inputs for the active player profile. int playerIndex = (int)ControllingPlayer.Value; KeyboardState keyboardState = input.CurrentKeyboardStates[playerIndex]; if (input.IsPauseGame(ControllingPlayer) || gamePadDisconnected) { ScreenManager.AddScreen(new PauseMenuScreen(), ControllingPlayer); } else { // Otherwise move the player position. if (keyboardState.IsKeyDown(Keys.Down)) { Y = (int)mutato.Position.Y + mutato.Move; } if (keyboardState.IsKeyDown(Keys.Up)) { Y = (int)mutato.Position.Y - mutato.Move; } if (keyboardState.IsKeyDown(Keys.Left)) { X = (int)mutato.Position.X - mutato.Move; } if (keyboardState.IsKeyDown(Keys.Right)) { X = (int)mutato.Position.X + mutato.Move; } } } public override void Draw(GameTime gameTime) { mutato.Draw(spriteBatch); } Here's the cursor's (mutato) class: using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Graphics; namespace Battleship.Components { class Cursor { public Texture2D Cursortexture; public Vector2 Position; public int Move; public void Initialize(Texture2D texture, Vector2 position,int move) { Cursortexture = texture; Position = position; Move = move; } public void Update() { } public void Draw(SpriteBatch spriteBatch) { spriteBatch.Draw(Cursortexture, Position, Color.White); } } } And here is a part of the InputState class where I think I should change something: public bool IsNewKeyPress(Keys key, PlayerIndex? controllingPlayer, out PlayerIndex playerIndex) { if (controllingPlayer.HasValue) { // Read input from the specified player. playerIndex = controllingPlayer.Value; int i = (int)playerIndex; return (CurrentKeyboardStates[i].IsKeyDown(key) && LastKeyboardStates[i].IsKeyUp(key)); } } If I leave the movement operation like this it doesn't have any sense: X = (int)mutato.Position.X - mutato.Move; However if I modify it to this: X = (int)mutato.Position.X--; it moves smoothly. Instead of this I need to move the cursor by fields (45 pixels), but I don't have any idea how to manage it.

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  • CCSprite: setTexture doesn't work when the sprite is rendered using a CCSpriteSheet

    - by srikanth rongali
    My code is in cocos2d. I am getting this error in my code. To get the fast animation I used CCSpriteSheet CCSpriteSheet *danceSheet = [CCSpriteSheet spriteSheetWithFile:@"new1.png"]; [self addChild:danceSheet]; CCSprite *danceSprite = [CCSprite spriteWithTexture:danceSheet.texture rect:CGRectMake(0, 0, 119, 320)]; [danceSheet addChild:danceSprite]; danceSprite.position = ccp(danceSprite.contentSize.width/2,danceSprite.contentSize.height/2); CCAnimation *danceAnimation = [CCAnimation animationWithName:@"dance" delay:0.1f]; int frameCount = 0; for (int x = 0; x < 13; x++) { // create an animation frame CCSpriteFrame *frame = [CCSpriteFrame frameWithTexture:danceSheet.texture rect:CGRectMake(x*119,0,119,320) offset:ccp(0,0)]; [danceAnimation addFrame:frame]; frameCount++; NSLog(@"frameCount value: %d", frameCount); if (frameCount == 13) break; } CCAnimate *danceAction = [CCAnimate actionWithAnimation:danceAnimation restoreOriginalFrame:NO ]; [danceSprite runAction:danceAction]; But when I touched the screen it is giving the error CCSprite: setTexture doesn't work when the sprite is rendered using a CCSpriteSheet

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  • GPGPU programming with OpenGL ES 2.0

    - by Albus Dumbledore
    I am trying to do some image processing on the GPU, e.g. median, blur, brightness, etc. The general idea is to do something like this framework from GPU Gems 1. I am able to write the GLSL fragment shader for processing the pixels as I've been trying out different things in an effect designer app. I am not sure however how I should do the other part of the task. That is, I'd like to be working on the image in image coords and then outputting the result to a texture. I am aware of the gl_FragCoords variable. As far as I understand it it goes like that: I need to set up a view (an orthographic one maybe?) and a quad in such a way so that the pixel shader would be applied once to each pixel in the image and so that it would be rendering to a texture or something. But how can I achieve that considering there's depth that may make things somewhat awkward to me... I'd be very grateful if anyone could help me with this rather simple task as I am really frustrated with myself. UPDATE It seems I'll have to use an FBO, getting one like this: glBindFramebuffer(...)

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  • How to set the position of a sprite within a box2d body?

    - by Frank
    Basically I have 2 polygons for my body. When I add a sprite for userData, the position of the texture isn't where I want it to be. What I want to do is adjust the position of the texture within the body. Here's the code sample of where I am setting this: CCSpriteSheet *sheet = (CCSpriteSheet*) [self getChildByTag:kTagSpriteSheet]; CCSprite *pigeonSprite = [CCSprite spriteWithSpriteSheet:sheet rect:CGRectMake(0,0,40,32)]; [sheet addChild:pigeonSprite z:0 tag:kPigeonSprite]; pigeonSprite.position = ccp( p.x, p.y); bodyDef.position.Set(p.x/PTM_RATIO, p.y/PTM_RATIO); bodyDef.userData = sprite; b2Body *body = world->CreateBody(&bodyDef); b2CircleShape dynamicCircle; dynamicCircle.m_radius = .25f; dynamicCircle.m_p.Set(0.0f, 1.0f); // Define the dynamic body fixture. b2FixtureDef circleDef; circleDef.shape = &dynamicCircle; circleDef.density = 1.0f; circleDef.friction = 0.3f; body->CreateFixture(&circleDef); b2Vec2 vertices[3]; vertices[0].Set(-0.5f, 0.0f); vertices[1].Set(0.5f, 0.0f); vertices[2].Set(0.0f, 1.0f); b2PolygonShape triangle; triangle.Set(vertices, 3); b2FixtureDef triangleDef1; triangleDef1.shape = &triangle; triangleDef1.density = 1.0f; triangleDef1.friction = 0.3f; body->CreateFixture(&triangleDef1);

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  • Custom view transition in OpenGL ES

    - by melfar
    I'm trying to create a custom transition, to serve as a replacement for a default transition you would get here, for example: [self.navigationController pushViewController:someController animated:YES]; I have prepared an OpenGL-based view that performs an effect on some static texture mapped to a plane (let's say it's a copy of the flip effect in Core Animation). What I don't know how to do is: grab current view content and make a texture out of it (I remember seeing a function that does just that, but can't find it) how to do the same for the view that is currently offscreen and is going to replace current view are there some APIs I can hook to in order to make my transition class as native as possible (make it a kind of Core Animation effect)? Any thoughts or links are greatly appreciated! UPDATE Jeffrey Forbes's answer works great as a solution to capture the content of a view. What I haven't figured out yet is how to capture the content of the view I want to transition to, which should be invisible until the transition is done. Also, which method should I use to present the OpenGL view? For demonstration purposes I used pushViewController. That affects the navbar, though, which I actually want to go one item back, with animation, check this vid for explanation: http://vimeo.com/4649397. Another option would be to go with presentViewController, but that shows fullscreen. Do you think maybe creating another window (or view?) could be useful?

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  • HLSL - How can I set sampler Min/Mag/Mip filters to disable all filtering/anti-aliasing?

    - by RJFalconer
    I have a tex2D sampler I want to only return precisely those colours that are present on my texture. In the event of a texel overlapping multiple colours, I want it to pick one and have the whole texel be that colour. I think to do this I want to disable mipmapping, or at least trilinear filtering of mips. sampler2D gColourmapSampler : register(s0) = sampler_state { Texture = <gColourmapTexture>; //Defined above MinFilter = None; //Controls sampling. None, Linear, or Point. MagFilter = None; //Controls sampling. None, Linear, or Point. MipFilter = None; //Controls how the mips are generated. None, Linear, or Point. //... }; My problem is I don't really understand Min/Mag/Mip filtering, so am not sure what combination I need to set these in, or if this is even what I am after. MSDN has this to say; D3DSAMP_MAGFILTER: Magnification filter of type D3DTEXTUREFILTERTYPE D3DSAMP_MINFILTER: Minification filter of type D3DTEXTUREFILTERTYPE. D3DSAMP_MIPFILTER: Mipmap filter to use during minification. See D3DTEXTUREFILTERTYPE. D3DTEXF_NONE: When used with D3DSAMP_MIPFILTER, disables mipmapping.

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  • Need guidelines for optimizing WebGL performance by minimizing shader changes

    - by brainjam
    I'm trying to get an idea of the practicality of WebGL for rendering large architectural interior scenes, consisting of 100K's of triangles. These triangles are distributed over many objects, and there are many materials in the scene. On the other hand, there are no moving parts. And the materials tend to be fairly simple, mostly based on texture maps. There is a lot of texture map sharing .. for example all the chairs in scene will share a common map. There is also some multitexturing - up to three textures overlaid in a material. I've been doing a little experimentation and reading, and gather that frequently switching materials during a rendering pass will slow things down. For example, a scene with 200K triangles will have significant performance differences, depending on whether there are 10 or 1000 objects, assuming that each time an object is displayed a new material is set up. So it seems that if performance is important the scene should be sorted by materials so as to minimize material switching. What I'm looking for is guidelines on how to think of the overhead of various state changes, and where do I get the biggest bang for the buck. For example, what are the relative performance costs of, say, gl.useProgram(), gl.uniformMatrix4fv(), gl.drawElements() should I try to write ubershaders to minimize shader switching? should I try to aggregate geometry to minimize the number of gl.drawElements() calls I realize that mileage may vary depending on browser, OS, and graphics hardware. And I'm also not looking for heroic measures. Just some guidelines from people who have already had some experience in making scenes fast. I'll add that while I've had some experience with fixed-pipeline OpenGL programming in the past, I'm rather new to the WebGL/OpenGL ES 2.0 way of doing things.

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  • Simulating 3D 'cards' with just orthographic rendering

    - by meds
    I am rendering textured quads from an orthographic perspective and would like to simulate 'depth' by modifying UVs and the vertex positions of the quads four points (top left, top right, bottom left, bottom right). I've found if I make the top left and bottom right corners y position be the same I don't get a linear 'skew' but rather a warped one where the texture covering the top triangle (which makes up the quad) seems to get squashed while the bottom triangles texture looks normal. I can change UVs, any of the four points on the quad (but only in 2D space, it's orthographic projection anyway so 3D space won't matter much). So basically I'm trying to simulate perspective on a two dimensional quad in orthographic projection, any ideas? Is it even mathematically possible/feasible? ideally what I'd like is a situation where I can set an x/y rotation as well as a virtual z 'position' (which simulates z depth) through a function and see it internally calclate the positions/uvs to create the 3D effect. It seems like this should all be mathematical where a set of 2D transforms can be applied to each corner of the quad to simulate depth, I just don't know how to make it happen. I'd guess it requires trigonometry or something, I'm trying to crunch the math but not making much progress. here's what I mean: Top left is just the card, center is the card with a y rotation of X degrees and right most is a card with an x and y rotation of different degrees.

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  • OpenGL pixels drawn with each horizontal pair swapped

    - by Tim Kane
    I'm somewhat new to OpenGL though I'm fairly sure my problem lies in the pixel format being used, or how my texture is being generated... I'm drawing a texture onto a flat 2D quad using a 16bit RGB5_A1 pixel format, though I don't make use of any alpha at this stage. The problem I'm having is that each pair of horizontal pixel values have been swapped. That is... if the pixels positions should be in this order (assume 8x2 image) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 they are instead drawn as 1 0 3 2 5 4 7 6 Or, more clearly from this image (below). Left is what I get... Right is what I should get. . The question is... How have I ended up with this? Is there something wrong with the pixel format? Unlikely since the colours all appear correct, and I would expect all kinds of nasty if it were down to endian-ness. Suggestions greatly appreciated. Update: Turns out the problem was in my source renderer. Interestingly, I've avoided the problem entirely by using 32-bit textures (haven't tried 24-bit at this point).

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  • How to get pixel information inside a fragment shader?

    - by user697111
    In my fragment shader I can load a texture, then do this: uniform sampler2D tex; void main(void) { vec4 color = texture2D(tex, gl_TexCoord[0].st); gl_FragColor = color; } That sets the current pixel to color value of texture. I can modify these, etc and it works well. But a few questions. How do I tell "which" pixel I am? For example, say I want to set pixel 100,100 (x,y) to red. Everything else to black. How do I do a : "if currentSelf.Position() == (100,100); then color=red; else color=black?" ? I know how to set colors, but how do I get "my" location? Secondly, how do I get values from a neighbor pixel? I tried this: vec4 nextColor = texture2D(tex, gl_TexCoord[1].st); But not clear what it is returning? if I'm pixel 100,100; how do I get the values from 101,100 or 100,101?

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  • Using OpenGL vertex buffers in C++.

    - by Ren
    I've loaded a Wavefront .obj file and drawn it in immediate mode, and it works fine. I'm now trying to draw the same model with a vertex buffer, but I have a question. My model data is organized in the following structures: struct Vert { double x; double y; double z; }; struct Norm { double x; double y; double z; }; struct Texcoord { double u; double v; double w; }; struct Face { unsigned int v[3]; unsigned int n[3]; unsigned int t[3]; }; struct Model { unsigned int vertNumber; unsigned int normNumber; unsigned int texcoordNumber; unsigned int faceNumber; Vert * vertArray; Norm * normArray; Texcoord * texcoordArray; Face * faceArray; }; As it is now, I don't think there is any redundant data, since multiple face structures can point to the same vertex, normal, or texture coordinate. When I make vbo's for the vertex positions, normals, and texture coordinates, and assign data to them with glBufferData, do I have to have make arrays with redundant data so that they will all have the same number of elements in the same order? I'd like to know if there is a simpler way to fill the buffers with the way I already have the model's data organized.

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  • Large scale perspective lights casting shadow maps, in the most optimized way?

    - by meds
    I'm using projected texture shadows coupled with lights to light a large sports field at night. To do this I'm using shadow cameras which I place in the position of the stadiums lights and shine it down on the field at the appropriate angle. The problem with this method is the textures to which I render the shadows into have to be very large so they can keep sufficient detail over the entire stadium. This is incredibly under optimized since at any given point the players attention is only directed on a small portion of the field meaning large chunks of the texture just take up space wit no benefits. However the issue is the lights need to be perspective based as they come from actual directional lights hovering over the stadium. The way to solve this, I believe, is to figure out in the shadow cameras view matrix it would be to place the actual camera to render from, and adjust the view matrix accordingly to the position it is. So my question is, how can I calculate the optimal position to put the shadow camera and calculate its view matrix such that the shadows it projects will appear to be coming from the light source rather than the camera?

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  • How to setup/calculate texturebuffer in glTexCoordPointer when importing from OBJ-file

    - by JohnMurdoch
    Hi all, I'm parsing an OBJ-file in Android and my goal is to render & display the object. Everything works fine except the correct texture mapping (importing the resource/image into opengl etc works fine). I don't know how to populate the texture related data from the obj-file into an texturebuffer-object. In the OBJ-file I've vt-lines: vt 0.495011 0.389417 vt 0.500686 0.561346 and face-lines: f 127/73/62 98/72/62 125/75/62 My draw-routine looks like (only relevant parts): gl.glEnableClientState(GL10.GL_VERTEX_ARRAY); gl.glEnableClientState(GL10.GL_NORMAL_ARRAY); gl.glEnableClientState(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_COORD_ARRAY); gl.glVertexPointer(3, GL10.GL_FLOAT, 0, vertexBuffer); gl.glNormalPointer(GL10.GL_FLOAT, 0, normalsBuffer); gl.glTexCoordPointer(2, GL10.GL_SHORT, 0, t.getvtBuffer()); gl.glDrawElements(GL10.GL_TRIANGLES, t.getFacesCount(), GL10.GL_UNSIGNED_SHORT, t.getFaceBuffer()); Output of the counts of the OBJ-file: Vertex-count: 1023 Vns-count: 1752 Vts-count: 524 ///////////////////////// Part 0 Material name:default Number of faces:2037 Number of vnPointers:2037 Number of vtPointers:2037 Any advise is welcome.

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  • How much is too much memory allocation in NDK?

    - by Maximus
    The NDK download page notes that, "Typical good candidates for the NDK are self-contained, CPU-intensive operations that don't allocate much memory, such as signal processing, physics simulation, and so on." I came from a C background and was excited to try to use the NDK to operate most of my OpenGL ES functions and any native functions related to physics, animation of vertices, etc... I'm finding that I'm relying quite a bit on Native code and wondering if I may be making some mistakes. I've had no trouble with testing at this point, but I'm curious if I may run into problems in the future. For example, I have game struct defined (somewhat like is seen in the San-Angeles example). I'm loading vertex information for objects dynamically (just what is needed for an active game area) so there's quite a bit of memory allocation happening for vertices, normals, texture coordinates, indices and texture graphic data... just to name the essentials. I'm quite careful about freeing what is allocated between game areas. Would I be safer setting some caps on array sizes or should I charge bravely forward as I'm going now?

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  • Error Reading Image

    - by javawarrior
    When I tried to open a simple smile.png image using package com.java3d.java3d.graphics; import java.awt.Color; import java.awt.image.BufferedImage; import java.io.File; import javax.imageio.ImageIO; public class Texture { public static Render floor = loadBitMap("smile.png"); public Texture(){} public static Render loadBitMap(String fileName) { try { BufferedImage image = ImageIO.read(Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader().getResource(fileName)); System.out.print(image==null); int width = image.getWidth(); System.out.println(width); int height = image.getHeight(); System.out.println(height); System.out.println(image.getRGB(4, 4)); Render result = new Render(width, height); image.getRGB(0, 0, width, height, result.pixels, 0, width); return result; } catch (Exception e) { System.out.println("CRASH!"); throw new RuntimeException(e); } } } it returns every pixel as -1; what could be causing this problem? Here is the image:

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  • C# Hook Forms / Windows / Dialogs etc. (via HWND?) to Capture Video Buffer (D3D Device?)

    - by Drax
    I am looking to create a very simple C# application which runs Full-Screen in Direct3D, and is able to grab the Desktop 'scene', mapping each Window from the Desktop to a Textured Polygon in my D3D Scene... I'm hoping to create a simplistic "3D Desktop" type of application as an experiment, and I'm wondering if there is a specific method for doing something like the following: 1)Get a list of all the Windows open on the Desktop (List of HWNDs?). 2)Grab the X,Y position of each Window, as well as the Width and Height. 3)Grab the Rendered image of each Window (magic happens here). 4)Create a new Texture/Surface in D3D using the Width and Height of the Window(s), and apply the Image we grabbed as a Texture. Is there an efficient 'best practice' for acquiring the actual image(s) being rendered to the Desktop? Is there also a 'best practice' for "extending the desktop" to a virtual second, third, etc. "desktop" and being able to swap between them, including creating a unique instance of the task-bar for each virtual desktop. Thanks a million for any suggestions!

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  • A Null Reference Exception

    - by Alex
    "Object reference not set to an instance of an object." using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Content; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Graphics; namespace XNAdev { class Sprite { //The size of the Sprite public Rectangle Size; //Used to size the Sprite up or down from the original image public float Scale = 1.0f; //The current position of the Sprite public Vector2 Position = new Vector2(115, 0); //The texture object used when drawing the sprite private Texture2D mSpriteTexture; //Load the texture for the sprite using the Content Pipeline public void LoadContent(ContentManager theContentManager, string theAssetName) { mSpriteTexture = theContentManager.Load<Texture2D>(theAssetName); Size = new Rectangle(0, 0, (int)(mSpriteTexture.Width * Scale), (int)(mSpriteTexture.Height * Scale)); } //Draw the sprite to the screen public void Draw(SpriteBatch theSpriteBatch) { theSpriteBatch.Draw(mSpriteTexture, Position, new Rectangle(0, 0, mSpriteTexture.Width, mSpriteTexture.Height), Color.White, 0.0f, Vector2.Zero, Scale, SpriteEffects.None, 0); } } } I am very new at this C# so any help would be great. I have no idea what my error is.

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  • Creating transparent PNG with exact RGBA values

    - by rrowland
    I'm color-coding a transparent image to be read programatically. However, the image seems to be getting compressed and my code is reading color values other than the ones I mean to pass it. Concept This is the output I get, exporting as PNG-24. I programatically check each pixel for one of the six colors I use in creating the image: 0x00000F 0x0000F0 0x000F00 0x00F000 0x0F0000 0xF00000 Each color represents a different texture to apply. Top right (0x00000F) will pull texture from the tile to its top right and blend it at a ratio equal to the opacity of the pixel. The end goal is to create a hex tiled grid with differing textures that blend smoothly. What's happening It seems that when converting to PNG, Photoshop will change the RGBA to make it smoother, or just to help compression size. Parts that should be 250 red range anywhere from 150 to 255. Question Whether using PNG or another web-compatible format, I need to be able to save these pixel values, essentially instructions, loss-less and still maintain transparency. Is this possible in any format or will I need to re-think my approach?

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  • How to save data of two for loops in one array?

    - by Homer_Simpson
    I have two for loops and I wanna save that data in one array. The first for loop will create 5 rectangles in the array. After that, the second for loop will create 5 rectangles and add them to the array. But something doesn't work. I get that "Index was outside the bounds of the array" error message in the last line of the code and I don't know what to change. int framewidth = texture.Width / sourceRects.Length; int frameheight = texture.Height; private void vorrück(Rectangle[] sourceRects, int framewidth, int frameheight) { int doublelenght = sourceRects.Length * 2; for (int i = 0; i < sourceRects.Length; i++) sourceRects[i] = new Rectangle(i * framewidth, 0, framewidth, frameheight); for (int normallenght = sourceRects.Length; normallenght < doublelenght; normallenght++) sourceRects[normallenght] = new Rectangle((sourceRects.Length - 1 - normallenght) * framewidth, 0, framewidth, frameheight); }

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  • How to create sprites, programatically without using prefabs?

    - by DemonSOCKET
    I have different types of images for different sprites. and i am not certain that how much different sprites(images) i will have to show. So, i gotta create the sprites and apply textures programatically at runtime. Now, I defiantly can't use prefabs because it will restrict me with the number of different sprites i can use. and also, changing texture on one sprite prefab instance in game, will change all the sprites prefab, that's not acceptable in my case. Is there a way i can create sprites without having to create static prefab ? where ever i looked for the solution every time i got the same answer "create a prefab", which is what can not be done in my case.

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  • Low graphics performance with Intel HD graphics

    - by neil
    hey, my laptop should be capable of running some games fine but doesn't. Examples are egoboo and tome. http://www.ebuyer.com/product/237739 this is my laptop. I tried the gears test and i only get 60 FPS, on IRC they said thats a big issue and should try the forums. I am using Ubuntu 11.04 and was told I should have the newest drivers. neil@neil-K52F:~$ /usr/lib/nux/unity_support_test --print OpenGL vendor string: Tungsten Graphics, Inc OpenGL renderer string: Mesa DRI Intel(R) Ironlake Mobile GEM 20100330 DEVELOPMENT OpenGL version string: 2.1 Mesa 7.10.2 Not software rendered: yes Not blacklisted: yes GLX fbconfig: yes GLX texture from pixmap: yes GL npot or rect textures: yes GL vertex program: yes GL fragment program: yes GL vertex buffer object: yes GL framebuffer object: yes GL version is 1.4+: yes Unity supported: yes

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  • libgdx setOrigin and setPosition not working as expected?

    - by shino
    I create a camera: camera = new OrthographicCamera(5.0f, 5.0f * h/w); Create a sprite: ballTexture = new Texture(Gdx.files.internal("data/ball.png")); ballTexture.setFilter(TextureFilter.Linear, TextureFilter.Linear); TextureRegion region = new TextureRegion(ballTexture, 0, 0, ballTexture.getWidth(), ballTexture.getHeight()); ball = new Sprite(region); Set the origin, size, and position: ball.setOrigin(ball.getWidth()/2,ball.getHeight()/2); ball.setSize(0.5f, 0.5f * ball.getHeight()/ball.getWidth()); ball.setPosition(0.0f, 0.0f); Then render it: batch.setProjectionMatrix(camera.combined); batch.begin(); ball.draw(batch); batch.end(); But when I render it, the bottom left of my ball sprite is at (0, 0), not the center of it, as I would expect it to be because I set the origin to the center of the sprite. What am I missing?

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