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  • Drawing different per-pixel data on the screen

    - by Amir Eldor
    I want to draw different per-pixel data on the screen, where each pixel has a specific value according to my needs. An example may be a random noise pattern where each pixel is randomly generated. I'm not sure what is the correct and fastest way to do this. Locking a texture/surface and manipulating the raw pixel data? How is this done in modern graphics programming? I'm currently trying to do this in Pygame but realized I will face the same problem if I go for C/SDL or OpenGL/DirectX.

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  • Rope Colliding with a Rectangle

    - by Colton
    I have my rope, and I have my rectangles. The rope is similar to the implementation found here: http://nehe.gamedev.net/tutorial/rope_physics/17006/ Now, I want to make the rope properly collide with the rectangle such that the rope will not pass through a rectangle, and wrap around the rectangle and all that good stuff. Currently, I have it set so no rope node can pass through a rect (successfully), however, this means a rope segment can still pass through a block. Ex: So the question is, what can I do to fix this? What I have tried: I create a rectangle between two nodes of a rope, calculate rotation between the nodes, and get myself a transformed rectangle. I can successfully detect a collision between rope segments and a (non-transformed) rectangle. Create a new node or pivot point around the corner of the block, and rearrange nodes to point to the corner node. Trouble is determining what corner the rope segment is passing through. And then the current rope setup goes wonky (based on verlet integration, so a sudden change in position causes the rope to wiggle like a seismograph during a magnitude 8 earth quake.) Among other issues that might be solvable, but its turning into a case by case thing, which doesn't seem right. I think the best answer here would just be a link to a tutorial (I simply can't find any, most lead to box2D or farseer, but I want to at least learn how it works before I hide behind an engine).

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  • OpenGL 3 and the Radeon HD 4850x2

    - by rotard
    A while ago, I picked up a copy of the OpenGL SuperBible fifth edition and slowly and painfully started teaching myself OpenGL the 3.3 way, after having been used to the 1.0 way from school way back when. Making things more challenging, I am primarily a .NET developer, so I was working in Mono with the OpenTK OpenGL wrapper. On my laptop, I put together a program that let the user walk around a simple landscape using a couple shaders that implemented per-vertex coloring and lighting and texture mapping. Everything was working brilliantly until I ran the same program on my desktop. Disaster! Nothing would render! I have chopped my program down to the point where the camera sits near the origin, pointing at the origin, and renders a square (technically, a triangle fan). The quad renders perfectly on my laptop, coloring, lighting, texturing and all, but the desktop renders a small distorted non-square quadrilateral that is colored incorrectly, not affected by the lights, and not textured. I suspect the graphics card is at fault, because I get the same result whether I am booted into Ubuntu 10.10 or Win XP. I did find that if I pare the vertex shader down to ONLY outputting the positional data and the fragment shader to ONLY outputting a solid color (white) the quad renders correctly. But as SOON as I start passing in color data (whether or not I use it in the fragment shader) the output from the vertex shader is distorted again. The shaders follow. I left the pre-existing code in, but commented out so you can get an idea what I was trying to do. I'm a noob at glsl so the code could probably be a lot better. My laptop is an old lenovo T61p with a Centrino (Core 2) Duo and an nVidia Quadro graphics card running Ubuntu 10.10 My desktop has an i7 with a Radeon HD 4850 x2 (single card, dual GPU) from Saphire dual booting into Ubuntu 10.10 and Windows XP. The problem occurs in both XP and Ubuntu. Can anyone see something wrong that I am missing? What is "special" about my HD 4850x2? string vertexShaderSource = @" #version 330 precision highp float; uniform mat4 projection_matrix; uniform mat4 modelview_matrix; //uniform mat4 normal_matrix; //uniform mat4 cmv_matrix; //Camera modelview. Light sources are transformed by this matrix. //uniform vec3 ambient_color; //uniform vec3 diffuse_color; //uniform vec3 diffuse_direction; in vec4 in_position; in vec4 in_color; //in vec3 in_normal; //in vec3 in_tex_coords; out vec4 varyingColor; //out vec3 varyingTexCoords; void main(void) { //Get surface normal in eye coordinates //vec4 vEyeNormal = normal_matrix * vec4(in_normal, 0); //Get vertex position in eye coordinates //vec4 vPosition4 = modelview_matrix * vec4(in_position, 0); //vec3 vPosition3 = vPosition4.xyz / vPosition4.w; //Get vector to light source in eye coordinates //vec3 lightVecNormalized = normalize(diffuse_direction); //vec3 vLightDir = normalize((cmv_matrix * vec4(lightVecNormalized, 0)).xyz); //Dot product gives us diffuse intensity //float diff = max(0.0, dot(vEyeNormal.xyz, vLightDir.xyz)); //Multiply intensity by diffuse color, force alpha to 1.0 //varyingColor.xyz = in_color * diff * diffuse_color.xyz; varyingColor = in_color; //varyingTexCoords = in_tex_coords; gl_Position = projection_matrix * modelview_matrix * in_position; }"; string fragmentShaderSource = @" #version 330 //#extension GL_EXT_gpu_shader4 : enable precision highp float; //uniform sampler2DArray colorMap; //in vec4 varyingColor; //in vec3 varyingTexCoords; out vec4 out_frag_color; void main(void) { out_frag_color = vec4(1,1,1,1); //out_frag_color = varyingColor; //out_frag_color = vec4(varyingColor, 1) * texture(colorMap, varyingTexCoords.st); //out_frag_color = vec4(varyingColor, 1) * texture(colorMap, vec3(varyingTexCoords.st, 0)); //out_frag_color = vec4(varyingColor, 1) * texture2DArray(colorMap, varyingTexCoords); }"; Note that in this code the color data is accepted but not actually used. The geometry is outputted the same (wrong) whether the fragment shader uses varyingColor or not. Only if I comment out the line varyingColor = in_color; does the geometry output correctly. Originally the shaders took in vec3 inputs, I only modified them to take vec4s while troubleshooting.

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  • Hidden Loading with UDK

    - by CyrusFiredawn
    I was wondering, how would I go about creating hidden loading scenes with UDK? For example, a character walks in to an elevator, the elevator fakes movement, whilst the previous floor is destroyed and the next floor is loaded on top. I assume it's possible with UDK, since it's supposedly rather flexible, but I've never used UDK before (I decided to ask this question first to save me learning it all, finding out it isn't possible, then giving up). So yeah, is hiding the loading process possible? And if so, how would I go about doing it?

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  • Apply bone tranforms when importing FBX in XNA

    - by hichaeretaqua
    Preconditions: I have some models, that does only contain some meshes and one texture. There is no animation within the model. An example: a model of a table. I want to draw the Model with a custom effect, so I have to swap the effect after loading the model. In order to draw them correctly, I have to apply the bone transformation manually on each draw for each mesh and effect as can be seen here. So there are two questions: Is there a option during import that allows my to apply the bone transformation on all vertices, so that during draw call I should not have to do this? Is there a option during import that merges all vertices into a Vertex- and IndexBuffer, that allows me to draw the whole model with just one call? I'm pretty sure that the build-in "Autodesk FBX - XNA Framework" does not support this features, but maybe there is an other imported available or an other possibility I missed. The aim is to speed up rendering a little bit especially by using instancing. So having one VertexBuffer to draw at one time would be pretty nice.

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  • Managing constant buffers without FX interface

    - by xcrypt
    I am aware that there is a sample on working without FX in the samplebrowser, and I already checked that one. However, some questions arise: In the sample: D3DXMATRIXA16 mWorldViewProj; D3DXMATRIXA16 mWorld; D3DXMATRIXA16 mView; D3DXMATRIXA16 mProj; mWorld = g_World; mView = g_View; mProj = g_Projection; mWorldViewProj = mWorld * mView * mProj; VS_CONSTANT_BUFFER* pConstData; g_pConstantBuffer10->Map( D3D10_MAP_WRITE_DISCARD, NULL, ( void** )&pConstData ); pConstData->mWorldViewProj = mWorldViewProj; pConstData->fTime = fBoundedTime; g_pConstantBuffer10->Unmap(); They are copying their D3DXMATRIX'es to D3DXMATRIXA16. Checked on msdn, these new matrices are 16 byte aligned and optimised for intel pentium 4. So as my first question: 1) Is it necessary to copy matrices to D3DXMATRIXA16 before sending them to the constant buffer? And if no, why don't we just use D3DXMATRIXA16 all the time? I have another question about managing multiple constant buffers within one shader. Suppose that, within your shader, you have multiple constant buffers that need to be updated at different times: cbuffer cbNeverChanges { matrix View; }; cbuffer cbChangeOnResize { matrix Projection; }; cbuffer cbChangesEveryFrame { matrix World; float4 vMeshColor; }; Then how would I set these buffers all at different times? g_pd3dDevice->VSSetConstantBuffers( 0, 1, &g_pConstantBuffer10 ); gives me the possibility to set multiple buffers, but that is within one call. 2) Is that okay even if my constant buffers are updated at different times? And do I suppose I have to make sure the constantbuffers are in the same position in the array as the order they appear in the shader?

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  • Interpolating between two networked states?

    - by Vaughan Hilts
    I have many entities on the client side that are simulated (their velocities are added to their positions on a per frame basis) and I let them dead reckon themselves. They send updates about where they were last seen and their velocity changes. This works great and other players see this work find. However, after a while these players begin to desync after some time. This is because of latency. I'd like to know how I can interpolate between states so they appear to be in the correct position. I know where the player was LAST seen and their current velocity but interpolating to the last seen state causes the player to actually move -backwards-. I could not use velocity at all for other clients and simply 'lerp' them towards the appropriate direction but I feel this would cause jaggy movement. What are the alternatives?

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  • Smooth waypoint traversing

    - by TheBroodian
    There are a dozen ways I could word this question, but to keep my thoughts in line, I'm phrasing it in line with my problem at hand. So I'm creating a floating platform that I would like to be able to simply travel from one designated point to another, and then return back to the first, and just pass between the two in a straight line. However, just to make it a little more interesting, I want to add a few rules to the platform. I'm coding it to travel multiples of whole tile values of world data. So if the platform is not stationary, then it will travel at least one whole tile width or tile height. Within one tile length, I would like it to accelerate from a stop to a given max speed. Upon reaching one tile length's distance, I would like it to slow to a stop at given tile coordinate and then repeat the process in reverse. The first two parts aren't too difficult, essentially I'm having trouble with the third part. I would like the platform to stop exactly at a tile coordinate, but being as I'm working with acceleration, it would seem easy to simply begin applying acceleration in the opposite direction to a value storing the platform's current speed once it reaches one tile's length of distance (assuming that the tile is traveling more than one tile-length, but to keep things simple, let's just assume it is)- but then the question is what would the correct value be for acceleration to increment from to produce this effect? How would I find that value?

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  • Smooth pixels while rotating sprite

    - by goodm
    I just started with andengine, so this maybe gonna be silly question. How to make my sprites more smooth while I rotate them? Or maybe it because this is screenshot from tablet? Thanks JohnEye it works: Just need to change my BitmapTextureAtlas from: BitmapTextureAtlas carAtlas = new BitmapTextureAtlas(this.getTextureManager(),100, 63); to: BitmapTextureAtlas carAtlas = new BitmapTextureAtlas(this.getTextureManager(),100, 63, TextureOptions.BILINEAR);

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  • Making AI jump on a spot effectively

    - by Pasquale Sada
    How to calculate, in 3D environment, the closest point, from which an AI character can jump onto a platform? Setup I have an initial velocity V(Vx,Vy,VZ) and a spot where the character stands still at S(Sx,Sy,Sz). What I'm trying to achieve is a successful jump on a spot E(Ex,Ey,Ez) where you have clicked on(only lower or higher spot, because I've in place a simple steering behavior for even terrains). There are no obstacles around. I've implemented a formula that can make him jump in a precise way on a spot but you need to declare an angle: the problem arise when the selected spot is straight above your head. It' pretty lame that the char hang there and can reach a thing that is 1cm above is head. I'll share the code I'm using: Vector3 dir = target - transform.position; // get target direction float h = dir.y; // get height difference dir.y = 0; // retain only the horizontal direction float dist = dir.magnitude ; // get horizontal distance float a = angle * Mathf.Deg2Rad; // convert angle to radians dir.y = dist * Mathf.Tan(a); // set dir to the elevation angle dist += h / Mathf.Tan(a); // correct for small height differences // calculate the velocity magnitude float vel = Mathf.Sqrt(dist * Physics.gravity.magnitude / Mathf.Sin(2 *a)); return vel * dir.normalized; Ended up using the lowest angle (20 degree) and checking for collision on the trajectory. If found any increase the angle. Here some code (to improve the code maybe must stop the check at the highest point of the curve): Vector3 BallisticVel(Vector3 target, float angle) { Vector3 dir = target - transform.position; // get target direction float h = dir.y; // get height difference dir.y = 0; // retain only the horizontal direction float dist = dir.magnitude ; // get horizontal distance float a = angle * Mathf.Deg2Rad; // convert angle to radians dir.y = dist * Mathf.Tan(a); // set dir to the elevation angle dist += h / Mathf.Tan(a); // correct for small height differences // calculate the velocity magnitude float vel = Mathf.Sqrt(dist * Physics.gravity.magnitude / Mathf.Sin(2 * a)); return vel * dir.normalized; } Vector3 TrajectoryPoint(Vector3 startingPosition, Vector3 startingVelocity, float n ) { float t = 1/60 ; // seconds per time step Vector3 stepVelocity = t * startingVelocity; // m/s Vector3 stepGravity = t * t * Physics.gravity; // m/s/s return startingPosition + n * stepVelocity + 0.5f * (n*n+n) * stepGravity; } bool CheckTrajectory(Vector3 startingPosition,Vector3 target, float angle_jump) { Debug.Log("checking"); if(angle_jump < 80f) { Debug.Log("if"); Vector3 startingVelocity = BallisticVel(target, angle_jump); for (int i = 0; i < 180; i++) { //Debug.Log(i); Vector3 trajectoryPosition = TrajectoryPoint( startingPosition, startingVelocity, i ); if(Physics.Raycast(trajectoryPosition,Vector3.forward,safeDistance)) { angle_jump += 10; break; // restart loop with the new angle } else continue; } return true; JumpVelocity = BallisticVel(target, angle_jump); } return false; }

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  • Why doesn't my texture display with this GLSL shader?

    - by Chewy Gumball
    I am trying to display a DXT1 compressed texture on a quad using a VBO and shaders, but I have been unable to get it working. All I get is a black square. I know my texture is uploaded properly because when I use immediate mode without shaders the texture displays fine but I will include that part just in case. Also, when I change the gl_FragColor to something like vec4 (0.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0) then I get a nice blue quad so I know that my shader is able to set the colour. It appears to be either the texture is not being bound correctly in the shader or the texture coordinates are not being picked up. However, I can't find the error! What am I doing wrong? I am using OpenTK in C# (not xna). Vertex Shader: void main() { gl_TexCoord[0] = gl_MultiTexCoord0; // Set the position of the current vertex gl_Position = gl_ModelViewProjectionMatrix * gl_Vertex; } Fragment Shader: uniform sampler2D diffuseTexture; void main() { // Set the output color of our current pixel gl_FragColor = texture2D(diffuseTexture, gl_TexCoord[0].st); //gl_FragColor = vec4 (0.0,1.0,1.0,1.0); } Drawing Code: int vb, eb; GL.GenBuffers(1, out vb); GL.GenBuffers(1, out eb); // Position Texture float[] verts = { 0.1f, 0.1f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.9f, 0.1f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.9f, 1.9f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 0.1f, 1.9f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f }; uint[] indices = { 0, 1, 2, 0, 2, 3 }; //upload data to the VBO GL.BindBuffer(BufferTarget.ArrayBuffer, vb); GL.BindBuffer(BufferTarget.ElementArrayBuffer, eb); GL.BufferData(BufferTarget.ArrayBuffer, (IntPtr)(verts.Length * sizeof(float)), verts, BufferUsageHint.StaticDraw); GL.BufferData(BufferTarget.ElementArrayBuffer, (IntPtr)(indices.Length * sizeof(uint)), indices, BufferUsageHint.StaticDraw); //Upload texture int buffer = GL.GenTexture(); GL.BindTexture(TextureTarget.Texture2D, buffer); GL.TexParameter(TextureTarget.Texture2D, TextureParameterName.TextureWrapS, (float)TextureWrapMode.Repeat); GL.TexParameter(TextureTarget.Texture2D, TextureParameterName.TextureWrapT, (float)TextureWrapMode.Repeat); GL.TexParameter(TextureTarget.Texture2D, TextureParameterName.TextureMagFilter, (float)TextureMagFilter.Linear); GL.TexParameter(TextureTarget.Texture2D, TextureParameterName.TextureMinFilter, (float)TextureMinFilter.Linear); GL.TexEnv(TextureEnvTarget.TextureEnv, TextureEnvParameter.TextureEnvMode, (float)TextureEnvMode.Modulate); GL.CompressedTexImage2D(TextureTarget.Texture2D, 0, texture.format, texture.width, texture.height, 0, texture.data.Length, texture.data); //Draw GL.UseProgram(shaderProgram); GL.EnableClientState(ArrayCap.VertexArray); GL.EnableClientState(ArrayCap.TextureCoordArray); GL.VertexPointer(3, VertexPointerType.Float, 5 * sizeof(float), 0); GL.TexCoordPointer(2, TexCoordPointerType.Float, 5 * sizeof(float), 3); GL.ActiveTexture(TextureUnit.Texture0); GL.Uniform1(GL.GetUniformLocation(shaderProgram, "diffuseTexture"), 0); GL.DrawElements(BeginMode.Triangles, indices.Length, DrawElementsType.UnsignedInt, 0);

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  • How to derive euler angles from matrix or quaternion?

    - by KlashnikovKid
    Currently working on steering behavior for my AI and just hit a little mathematical bump. I'm in the process of writing an align function, which basically tries to match the agent's orientation with a target orientation. I've got a good source material for implementing this behavior but it uses euler angles to calculate the rotational delta, acceleration, and so on. This is nice, however I store orientation as a quaternion and the math library I'm using doesn't provide any functionality for deriving the euler angles. But if it helps I also have rotational matrices at my disposal too. What would be the best way to decompose the quaternion or rotational matrix to get the euler information? I found one source for decomposing the matrix, but I'm not quite getting the correct results. I'm thinking it may be a difference of column/row ordering of my matrices but then again, math isn't my strong point. http://nghiaho.com/?page_id=846

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  • Change alpha to a Frame in libgdx

    - by Rudy_TM
    I have this batch.draw(currentFrame, x, y, this.parent.originX, this.parent.originY, this.parent.width, this.parent.height, this.scaleX, this.scaleY,this.rotation); I want to apply the alpha that it gets from the method, but theres is not overload from the SpriteBatch class that takes the alpha value, is there some wey to apply it? (i did it this way, because this are animation, and i wanted to control them) in my static ones i apply sprite.draw(SpriteBatch, alpha) Thanks

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  • SRV from UAV on the same texture in directx

    - by notabene
    I'm programming gpgpu raymarching (volumetric raytracing) in directx11. I succesfully perform compute shader and save raymarched volume data to texture. Then i want to use same texture as SRV in normal graphic pipeline. But it doesnt work, texture is not visible. Texture is ok, when i save it file it is what i expect. Texture rendering is ok too, when i render another SRV, it is ok. So problem is only in UAV-SRV. I also triple checked if pointers are ok. Please help, i'm getting mad about this. Here is some code: //before dispatch D3D11_TEXTURE2D_DESC textureDesc; ZeroMemory( &textureDesc, sizeof( textureDesc ) ); textureDesc.Width = xr; textureDesc.Height = yr; textureDesc.MipLevels = 1; textureDesc.ArraySize = 1; textureDesc.SampleDesc.Count = 1; textureDesc.SampleDesc.Quality = 0; textureDesc.Usage = D3D11_USAGE_DEFAULT; textureDesc.BindFlags = D3D11_BIND_UNORDERED_ACCESS | D3D11_BIND_SHADER_RESOURCE ; textureDesc.Format = DXGI_FORMAT_R32G32B32A32_FLOAT; D3D->CreateTexture2D( &textureDesc, NULL, &pTexture ); D3D11_UNORDERED_ACCESS_VIEW_DESC viewDescUAV; ZeroMemory( &viewDescUAV, sizeof( viewDescUAV ) ); viewDescUAV.Format = DXGI_FORMAT_R32G32B32A32_FLOAT; viewDescUAV.ViewDimension = D3D11_UAV_DIMENSION_TEXTURE2D; viewDescUAV.Texture2D.MipSlice = 0; D3DD->CreateUnorderedAccessView( pTexture, &viewDescUAV, &pTextureUAV ); //the getSRV function after dispatch. D3D11_SHADER_RESOURCE_VIEW_DESC srvDesc ; ZeroMemory( &srvDesc, sizeof( srvDesc ) ); srvDesc.Format = DXGI_FORMAT_R32G32B32A32_FLOAT; srvDesc.ViewDimension = D3D11_SRV_DIMENSION_TEXTURE2D; srvDesc.Texture2D.MipLevels = 1; D3DD->CreateShaderResourceView( pTexture, &srvDesc, &pTextureSRV);

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  • Using a permutation table for simplex noise without storing it

    - by J. C. Leitão
    Generating Simplex noise requires a permutation table for randomisation (e.g. see this question or this example). In some applications, we need to persist the state of the permutation table. This can be done by creating the table, e.g. using def permutation_table(seed): table_size = 2**10 # arbitrary for this question l = range(1, table_size + 1) random.seed(seed) # ensures the same shuffle for a given seed random.shuffle(l) return l + l # see shared link why l + l; is a detail and storing it. Can we avoid storing the full table by generating the required elements every time they are required? Specifically, currently I store the table and call it using table[i] (table is a list). Can I avoid storing it by having a function that computes the element i, e.g. get_table_element(seed, i). I'm aware that cryptography already solved this problem using block cyphers, however, I found it too complex to go deep and implement a block cypher. Does anyone knows a simple implementation of a block cypher to this problem?

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  • Proportional speed movement between mouse and cube

    - by user1350772
    Hi i´m trying to move a cube with the freeglut mouse "glutMotionFunc(processMouseActiveMotion)" callback, my problem is that the movement is not proportional between the mouse speed movement and the cube movement. MouseButton function: #define MOVE_STEP 0.04 float g_x=0.0f; glutMouseFunc(MouseButton); glutMotionFunc(processMouseActiveMotion); void MouseButton(int button, int state, int x, int y){ if(button == GLUT_LEFT_BUTTON && state== GLUT_DOWN){ initial_x=x; } } When the left button gets clicked the x cordinate is stored in initial_x variable. void processMouseActiveMotion(int x,int y){ if(x>initial_x){ g_x-= MOVE_STEP; }else{ g_x+= MOVE_STEP; } initial_x=x; } When I move the mouse I look in which way it moves comparing the mouse new x coordinate with the initial_x variable, if xinitial_x the cube moves to the right, if not it moves to the left. Any idea how can i move the cube according to the mouse movement speed? Thanks EDIT 1 The idea is that when you click on any point of the screen and you drag to the left/right the cube moves proportionally of the mouse mouvement speed.

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  • Rendering text with stb_font results in glitches

    - by Fabian Fritz
    I'm trying to render text with OpenGL and an "inline"-font taken from the stb_fonts The relevant code for initializing the font & rendering: LabelFactory::LabelFactory() { static unsigned char fontpixels [STB_SOMEFONT_BITMAP_HEIGHT][STB_SOMEFONT_BITMAP_WIDTH]; STB_SOMEFONT_CREATE(fontdata, fontpixels, STB_SOMEFONT_BITMAP_HEIGHT); glGenTextures(1, &texture); glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture); glTexEnvf(GL_TEXTURE_ENV, GL_TEXTURE_ENV_MODE, GL_MODULATE); glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_ALPHA, STB_SOMEFONT_BITMAP_WIDTH, STB_SOMEFONT_BITMAP_HEIGHT, 0, GL_ALPHA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, fontdata); glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR); } void LabelFactory::renderLabel(Label * label) { int x = label->x; int y = label->y; const char * str = label->text; glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture); glEnable(GL_BLEND); glBlendFunc(GL_SRC_ALPHA, GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA); glEnable(GL_ALPHA_TEST); glColor4f(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f); glEnable(GL_TEXTURE_2D); glBegin(GL_QUADS); while (*str) { int char_codepoint = *str++; stb_fontchar *cd = &fontdata[char_codepoint - STB_FONT_arial_14_usascii_FIRST_CHAR]; glTexCoord2f(cd->s0, cd->t0); glVertex2i(x + cd->x0, y + cd->y0); glTexCoord2f(cd->s1, cd->t0); glVertex2i(x + cd->x1, y + cd->y0); glTexCoord2f(cd->s1, cd->t1); glVertex2i(x + cd->x1, y + cd->y1); glTexCoord2f(cd->s0, cd->t1); glVertex2i(x + cd->x0, y + cd->y1); x += cd->advance_int; } glEnd(); } However this results in weird glitches I guess I'm doing something wrong with the alpha blending, however I was unable to improve it by changing the parameters. The size and length of the outline of the text that should be shown seems about right (it should read "Test Test Test").

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  • Camera movement and threshold not working

    - by irish guy mcconagheh
    I have a platformer that is in progress, part of this has a camera which I only want to move when the character moves out of a certain threshold, to try to accomplish this I have the following if statement: if(((Mathf.Abs(target.transform.position.x))-(Mathf.Abs(transform.position.x)))>thres){ x = moveTo(transform.position.x, target.position.x, trackSpeed); } in unity/c#. In pseudocode it means if((absolute value of player x) - (absolute value of camera x) is greater than the threshold){ move { however this does not seem to work correctly. it appears to work for the first couple of times the threshold is reached, however the distance between the camera and the player has to increase every time for the camera to move. I do not believe the movement of the camera is the problem, however the code for it is as follows: private float moveTo(float n, float target, float accel) { if (n == target) { return n; } else { float dir = Mathf.Sign(target - n); n += accel * Time.deltaTime * dir; return (dir == Mathf.Sign(target-n))? n: target; } } }

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  • OpenGL 2D Rasterization Sub-Pixel Translations

    - by Armin Ronacher
    I have a tile based 2D engine where the projection matrix is an orthographic view of the world without any scaling applied. Thus: one pixel texture is drawn on the screen in the same size. That all works well and looks nice but if the camera makes a sub-pixel movement small lines appear between the tiles. I can tell you in advance what does not fix the problem: GL_NEAREST texture interpolation GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE What does “fix” the problem is anchoring the camera to the nearest pixel instead of doing a sub-pixel translation. I can live with that, but the camera movement becomes jerky. Any ideas how to fix that problem without resorting to the rounding trick I do currently?

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  • How should I interpret these DirectX Caps Viewer values?

    - by tobi
    Briefly asking - what do the nodes mean and what the difference is between them in DirectX Caps Viewer? DXGI Devices Direct3D9 Devices DirectDraw Devices The most interesting for me is 1 vs 2. In the Direct3D9 Devices under HAL node I can see that my GeForce 8800GT supports PixelShaderVersion 3.0. However, under DXGI Devices I have DX 10, DX 10.1 and DX 11 having Shader model 4.0 (actually why DX 11? My card is not compatible with DX 11). I am implementing a DX 11 application (including d3d11.h) with shaders compiled in 4.0 version, so I can clearly see that 4.0 is supported. What is the difference between 1 and 2? Could you give me some theory behind the nodes?

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  • Calculating vertex normals on the GPU

    - by Etan
    I have some height-map sampled on a regular grid stored in an array. Now, I want to use the normals on the sampled vertices for some smoothing algorithm. The way I'm currently doing it is as follows: For each vertex, generate triangles to all it's neighbours. This results in eight neighbours when using the 1-neighbourhood for all vertices except at the borders. +---+---+ ¦ \ ¦ / ¦ +---o---+ ¦ / ¦ \ ¦ +---+---+ For each adjacent triangle, calculate it's normal by taking the cross product between the two distances. As the triangles all have the same size when projected on the xy-plane, I simply average over all eight normals then and store it for this vertex. However, as my data grows larger, this approach takes too much time and I would prefer doing it on the GPU in a shader code. Is there an easy method, maybe if I could store my height-map as a texture?

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  • Reacting to rectangle on rectangle collisions

    - by mcjohnalds45
    I don't know how to react to collisions between two axis aligned rectangles that have x, y, width and height values (x and y are from the centre of the box) to make them simply not overlap. I figured I'd just make them move away from each other depending on how far they intersect in the opposite direction (left, right, up or down) of where they collided. If I check for collisions only on the x axis or only on the y axis it works fine, but when checking for both collisions crazy stuff happens. This code executes when the first box collides with the second. It's in lua but feel free to answer in anything that isn't to too counter-intuitive. if box1.x < box2.x then box1.x = box1.x + box2.x - box1.x - (box1.width / 2) - (box2.width / 2) end if box1.x > box2.x then box1.x = box1.x - (box1.x - box2.x - (box1.width / 2) - (box2.width / 2)) end if box1.y < box2.y then box1.y = box1.y + box2.y - box1.y - (box1.height / 2) - (box2.height / 2) end if box1.y > box2.y then box1.y = box1.y - (box1.y - box2.y - (box1.height / 2) - (box2.height / 2)) end

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  • 2D SAT Collision Detection not working when using certain polygons (With example)

    - by sFuller
    My SAT algorithm falsely reports that collision is occurring when using certain polygons. I believe this happens when using a polygon that does not contain a right angle. Here is a simple diagram of what is going wrong: Here is the problematic code: std::vector<vec2> axesB = polygonB->GetAxes(); //loop over axes B for(int i = 0; i < axesB.size(); i++) { float minA,minB,maxA,maxB; polygonA->Project(axesB[i],&minA,&maxA); polygonB->Project(axesB[i],&minB,&maxB); float intervalDistance = polygonA->GetIntervalDistance(minA, maxA, minB, maxB); if(intervalDistance >= 0) return false; //Collision not occurring } This function retrieves axes from the polygon: std::vector<vec2> Polygon::GetAxes() { std::vector<vec2> axes; for(int i = 0; i < verts.size(); i++) { vec2 a = verts[i]; vec2 b = verts[(i+1)%verts.size()]; vec2 edge = b-a; axes.push_back(vec2(-edge.y,edge.x).GetNormailzed()); } return axes; } This function returns the normalized vector: vec2 vec2::GetNormailzed() { float mag = sqrt( x*x + y*y ); return *this/mag; } This function projects a polygon onto an axis: void Polygon::Project(vec2* axis, float* min, float* max) { float d = axis->DotProduct(&verts[0]); float _min = d; float _max = d; for(int i = 1; i < verts.size(); i++) { d = axis->DotProduct(&verts[i]); _min = std::min(_min,d); _max = std::max(_max,d); } *min = _min; *max = _max; } This function returns the dot product of the vector with another vector. float vec2::DotProduct(vec2* other) { return (x*other->x + y*other->y); } Could anyone give me a pointer in the right direction to what could be causing this bug? Edit: I forgot this function, which gives me the interval distance: float Polygon::GetIntervalDistance(float minA, float maxA, float minB, float maxB) { float intervalDistance; if (minA < minB) { intervalDistance = minB - maxA; } else { intervalDistance = minA - maxB; } return intervalDistance; //A positive value indicates this axis can be separated. } Edit 2: I have recreated the problem in HTML5/Javascript: Demo

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  • ways to program glitch style effects

    - by okkk
    Most tutorials for generating glitch art usually has to do with some form of manipulation of the compression of files. Should my goal instead to replicate the look of these glitches in shaders or is it somehow possible to authentically generate the compression artifacts in real time? Example: This effect which I'm particularly interested is referred to as datamoshing. It does "things" using the p-frames of a video (frames that I think store just the change in pixels). I feel like I need a better understanding of both graphics programming and data-compression.

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  • Adding 2D vector movement with rotation applied

    - by Michael Zehnich
    I am trying to apply a slight sine wave movement to objects that float around the screen to make them a little more interesting. I would like to apply this to the objects so that they oscillate from side to side, not front to back (so the oscillation does not affect their forward velocity). After reading various threads and tutorials, I have come to the conclusion that I need to create and add vectors, but I simply cannot come up with a solution that works. This is where I'm at right now, in the object's update method (updated based on comments): Vector2 oldPosition = new Vector2(spritePos.X, spritePos.Y); //note: newPosition is initially set in the constructor to spritePos.x/y Vector2 direction = newPosition - oldPosition; Vector2 perpendicular = new Vector2(direction.Y, -direction.X); perpendicular.Normalize(); sinePosAng += 0.1f; perpendicular.X += 2.5f * (float)Math.Sin(sinePosAng); spritePos.X += velocity * (float)Math.Cos(radians); spritePos.Y += velocity * (float)Math.Sin(radians); spritePos += perpendicular; newPosition = spritePos;

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