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• Outline Shader Effect for Orthogonal Geometry in XNA

  - by Griffin

  I just recently started learning the art of shading, but I can't give an outline width to 2D, concave geometry when restrained to a single vertex/pixel shader technique (thanks to XNA). the shape I need to give an outline to has smooth, per-vertex coloring, as well as opacity. The outline, which has smooth, per-vertex coloring, variable width, and opacity cannot interfere with the original shape's colors. A pixel depth border detection algorithm won't work because pixel depth isn't a 3.0 semantic. expanding geometry / redrawing won't work because it interferes with the original shape's colors. I'm wondering if I can do something with the stencil/depth buffer outside of the shader functions since I have access to that through the graphics device. But I don't believe I'm able to manipulate actual values. How might I do this?

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• JOGL2 test compiles, but doesn't execute - help?

  - by Chuchinyi

  I have a problem with JOGL2. My JOGL2Template.java compiles fine, but executing it results in the following error: D:\java\java\jogl>javac JOGL2Template.java <== compile ok D:\java\java\jogl>java JOGL2Template <== execute error Exception in thread "main" java.lang.ExceptionInInitializerError at javax.media.opengl.GLProfile.<clinit>(GLProfile.java:1176) at JOGL2Template.<init>(JOGL2Template.java:24) at JOGL2Template.main(JOGL2Template.java:57) Caused by: java.lang.SecurityException: no certificate for gluegen-rt.dll in D:\ java\lib\gluegen-rt-natives-windows-i586.jar at com.jogamp.common.util.JarUtil.validateCertificate(JarUtil.java:350) at com.jogamp.common.util.JarUtil.validateCertificates(JarUtil.java:324) at com.jogamp.common.util.cache.TempJarCache.validateCertificates(TempJa rCache.java:328) at com.jogamp.common.util.cache.TempJarCache.bootstrapNativeLib(TempJarC ache.java:283) at com.jogamp.common.os.Platform$3.run(Platform.java:308) at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method) at com.jogamp.common.os.Platform.loadGlueGenRTImpl(Platform.java:298) at com.jogamp.common.os.Platform.<clinit>(Platform.java:207) ... 3 more Here is the JOGL2Template.java source code: import java.awt.Dimension; import java.awt.Frame; import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter; import java.awt.event.WindowEvent; import javax.media.opengl.GLAutoDrawable; import javax.media.opengl.GLCapabilities; import javax.media.opengl.GLEventListener; import javax.media.opengl.GLProfile; import javax.media.opengl.awt.GLCanvas; import com.jogamp.opengl.util.FPSAnimator; import javax.swing.JFrame; /* * JOGL 2.0 Program Template For AWT applications */ public class JOGL2Template extends JFrame implements GLEventListener { private static final int CANVAS_WIDTH = 640; // Width of the drawable private static final int CANVAS_HEIGHT = 480; // Height of the drawable private static final int FPS = 60; // Animator's target frames per second // Constructor to create profile, caps, drawable, animator, and initialize Frame public JOGL2Template() { // Get the default OpenGL profile that best reflect your running platform. GLProfile glp = GLProfile.getDefault(); // Specifies a set of OpenGL capabilities, based on your profile. GLCapabilities caps = new GLCapabilities(glp); // Allocate a GLDrawable, based on your OpenGL capabilities. GLCanvas canvas = new GLCanvas(caps); canvas.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(CANVAS_WIDTH, CANVAS_HEIGHT)); canvas.addGLEventListener(this); // Create a animator that drives canvas' display() at 60 fps. final FPSAnimator animator = new FPSAnimator(canvas, FPS); addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() { // For the close button @Override public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) { // Use a dedicate thread to run the stop() to ensure that the // animator stops before program exits. new Thread() { @Override public void run() { animator.stop(); System.exit(0); } }.start(); } }); add(canvas); pack(); setTitle("OpenGL 2 Test"); setVisible(true); animator.start(); // Start the animator } public static void main(String[] args) { new JOGL2Template(); } @Override public void init(GLAutoDrawable drawable) { // Your OpenGL codes to perform one-time initialization tasks // such as setting up of lights and display lists. } @Override public void display(GLAutoDrawable drawable) { // Your OpenGL graphic rendering codes for each refresh. } @Override public void reshape(GLAutoDrawable drawable, int x, int y, int w, int h) { // Your OpenGL codes to set up the view port, projection mode and view volume. } @Override public void dispose(GLAutoDrawable drawable) { // Hardly used. } } Any ideas what might be the cause of these errors?

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• Does XNA/MonoGame have a text caching mechanism, or has an open source one been implemented?

  - by Casey

  I'm playing around with MonoGame, and I've noticed the SpriteFont class draws static text very inefficiently. Each time the text is drawn the spacing is recalculated. This isn't a big deal on my quad core PC, but on mobile applications it might be a problem. Before I go and program some text which caches the arrangement of its letters in an array and then feeds that array to the SpriteBatch, I would like to make sure there isn't something available to do this already, either in MonoGame itself or a class someone has implemented and made available for general use.

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• Optimized algorithm for line-sphere intersection in GLSL

  - by fernacolo

  Well, hello then! I need to find intersection between line and sphere in GLSL. Right now my solution is based on Paul Bourke's page and was ported to GLSL this way: // The line passes through p1 and p2: vec3 p1 = (...); vec3 p2 = (...); // Sphere center is p3, radius is r: vec3 p3 = (...); float r = ...; float x1 = p1.x; float y1 = p1.y; float z1 = p1.z; float x2 = p2.x; float y2 = p2.y; float z2 = p2.z; float x3 = p3.x; float y3 = p3.y; float z3 = p3.z; float dx = x2 - x1; float dy = y2 - y1; float dz = z2 - z1; float a = dx*dx + dy*dy + dz*dz; float b = 2.0 * (dx * (x1 - x3) + dy * (y1 - y3) + dz * (z1 - z3)); float c = x3*x3 + y3*y3 + z3*z3 + x1*x1 + y1*y1 + z1*z1 - 2.0 * (x3*x1 + y3*y1 + z3*z1) - r*r; float test = b*b - 4.0*a*c; if (test >= 0.0) { // Hit (according to Treebeard, "a fine hit"). float u = (-b - sqrt(test)) / (2.0 * a); vec3 hitp = p1 + u * (p2 - p1); // Now use hitp. } It works perfectly! But it seems slow... I'm new at GLSL. You can answer this questions in two ways: Tell me there is no solution, showing some proof or strong evidence. Tell me about GLSL features (vector APIs, primitive operations) that makes the above algorithm faster, showing some example. Thanks a lot!

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• LWJGL - Mixing 2D and 3D

  - by nathan

  I'm trying to mix 2D and 3D using LWJGL. I have wrote 2D little method that allow me to easily switch between 2D and 3D. protected static void make2D() { glEnable(GL_BLEND); GL11.glMatrixMode(GL11.GL_PROJECTION); GL11.glLoadIdentity(); glOrtho(0.0f, SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f); GL11.glMatrixMode(GL11.GL_MODELVIEW); GL11.glLoadIdentity(); } protected static void make3D() { glDisable(GL_BLEND); GL11.glMatrixMode(GL11.GL_PROJECTION); GL11.glLoadIdentity(); // Reset The Projection Matrix GLU.gluPerspective(45.0f, ((float) SCREEN_WIDTH / (float) SCREEN_HEIGHT), 0.1f, 100.0f); // Calculate The Aspect Ratio Of The Window GL11.glMatrixMode(GL11.GL_MODELVIEW); glLoadIdentity(); } The in my rendering code i would do something like: make2D(); //draw 2D stuffs here make3D(); //draw 3D stuffs here What i'm trying to do is to draw a 3D shape (in my case a quad) and i 2D image. I found this example and i took the code from TextureLoader, Texture and Sprite to load and render a 2D image. Here is how i load the image. TextureLoader loader = new TextureLoader(); Sprite s = new Sprite(loader, "player.png") And how i render it: make2D(); s.draw(0, 0); It works great. Here is how i render my quad: glTranslatef(0.0f, 0.0f, 30.0f); glScalef(12.0f, 9.0f, 1.0f); DrawUtils.drawQuad(); Once again, no problem, the quad is properly rendered. DrawUtils is a simple class i wrote containing utility method to draw primitives shapes. Now my problem is when i want to mix both of the above, loading/rendering the 2D image, rendering the quad. When i try to load my 2D image with the following: s = new Sprite(loader, "player.png); My quad is not rendered anymore (i'm not even trying to render the 2D image at this point). Only the fact of creating the texture create the issue. After looking a bit at the code of Sprite and TextureLoader i found that the problem appears after the call of the glTexImage2d. In the TextureLoader class: glTexImage2D(target, 0, dstPixelFormat, get2Fold(bufferedImage.getWidth()), get2Fold(bufferedImage.getHeight()), 0, srcPixelFormat, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, textureBuffer); Commenting this like make the problem disappear. My question is then why? Is there anything special to do after calling this function to do 3D? Does this function alter the render part, the projection matrix?

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• GLSL: Strange light reflections

  - by Tom

  According to this tutorial I'm trying to make a normal mapping using GLSL, but something is wrong and I can't find the solution. The output render is in this image: Image1 in this image is a plane with two triangles and each of it is different illuminated (that is bad). The plane has 6 vertices. In the upper left side of this plane are 2 identical vertices (same in the lower right). Here are some vectors same for each vertice: normal vector = 0, 1, 0 (red lines on image) tangent vector = 0, 0,-1 (green lines on image) bitangent vector = -1, 0, 0 (blue lines on image) here I have one question: The two identical vertices does need to have the same tangent and bitangent? I have tried to make other values to the tangents but the effect was still similar. Here are my shaders Vertex shader: #version 130 // Input vertex data, different for all executions of this shader. in vec3 vertexPosition_modelspace; in vec2 vertexUV; in vec3 vertexNormal_modelspace; in vec3 vertexTangent_modelspace; in vec3 vertexBitangent_modelspace; // Output data ; will be interpolated for each fragment. out vec2 UV; out vec3 Position_worldspace; out vec3 EyeDirection_cameraspace; out vec3 LightDirection_cameraspace; out vec3 LightDirection_tangentspace; out vec3 EyeDirection_tangentspace; // Values that stay constant for the whole mesh. uniform mat4 MVP; uniform mat4 V; uniform mat4 M; uniform mat3 MV3x3; uniform vec3 LightPosition_worldspace; void main(){ // Output position of the vertex, in clip space : MVP * position gl_Position = MVP * vec4(vertexPosition_modelspace,1); // Position of the vertex, in worldspace : M * position Position_worldspace = (M * vec4(vertexPosition_modelspace,1)).xyz; // Vector that goes from the vertex to the camera, in camera space. // In camera space, the camera is at the origin (0,0,0). vec3 vertexPosition_cameraspace = ( V * M * vec4(vertexPosition_modelspace,1)).xyz; EyeDirection_cameraspace = vec3(0,0,0) - vertexPosition_cameraspace; // Vector that goes from the vertex to the light, in camera space. M is ommited because it's identity. vec3 LightPosition_cameraspace = ( V * vec4(LightPosition_worldspace,1)).xyz; LightDirection_cameraspace = LightPosition_cameraspace + EyeDirection_cameraspace; // UV of the vertex. No special space for this one. UV = vertexUV; // model to camera = ModelView vec3 vertexTangent_cameraspace = MV3x3 * vertexTangent_modelspace; vec3 vertexBitangent_cameraspace = MV3x3 * vertexBitangent_modelspace; vec3 vertexNormal_cameraspace = MV3x3 * vertexNormal_modelspace; mat3 TBN = transpose(mat3( vertexTangent_cameraspace, vertexBitangent_cameraspace, vertexNormal_cameraspace )); // You can use dot products instead of building this matrix and transposing it. See References for details. LightDirection_tangentspace = TBN * LightDirection_cameraspace; EyeDirection_tangentspace = TBN * EyeDirection_cameraspace; } Fragment shader: #version 130 // Interpolated values from the vertex shaders in vec2 UV; in vec3 Position_worldspace; in vec3 EyeDirection_cameraspace; in vec3 LightDirection_cameraspace; in vec3 LightDirection_tangentspace; in vec3 EyeDirection_tangentspace; // Ouput data out vec3 color; // Values that stay constant for the whole mesh. uniform sampler2D DiffuseTextureSampler; uniform sampler2D NormalTextureSampler; uniform sampler2D SpecularTextureSampler; uniform mat4 V; uniform mat4 M; uniform mat3 MV3x3; uniform vec3 LightPosition_worldspace; void main(){ // Light emission properties // You probably want to put them as uniforms vec3 LightColor = vec3(1,1,1); float LightPower = 40.0; // Material properties vec3 MaterialDiffuseColor = texture2D( DiffuseTextureSampler, vec2(UV.x,-UV.y) ).rgb; vec3 MaterialAmbientColor = vec3(0.1,0.1,0.1) * MaterialDiffuseColor; //vec3 MaterialSpecularColor = texture2D( SpecularTextureSampler, UV ).rgb * 0.3; vec3 MaterialSpecularColor = vec3(0.5,0.5,0.5); // Local normal, in tangent space. V tex coordinate is inverted because normal map is in TGA (not in DDS) for better quality vec3 TextureNormal_tangentspace = normalize(texture2D( NormalTextureSampler, vec2(UV.x,-UV.y) ).rgb*2.0 - 1.0); // Distance to the light float distance = length( LightPosition_worldspace - Position_worldspace ); // Normal of the computed fragment, in camera space vec3 n = TextureNormal_tangentspace; // Direction of the light (from the fragment to the light) vec3 l = normalize(LightDirection_tangentspace); // Cosine of the angle between the normal and the light direction, // clamped above 0 // - light is at the vertical of the triangle -> 1 // - light is perpendicular to the triangle -> 0 // - light is behind the triangle -> 0 float cosTheta = clamp( dot( n,l ), 0,1 ); // Eye vector (towards the camera) vec3 E = normalize(EyeDirection_tangentspace); // Direction in which the triangle reflects the light vec3 R = reflect(-l,n); // Cosine of the angle between the Eye vector and the Reflect vector, // clamped to 0 // - Looking into the reflection -> 1 // - Looking elsewhere -> < 1 float cosAlpha = clamp( dot( E,R ), 0,1 ); color = // Ambient : simulates indirect lighting MaterialAmbientColor + // Diffuse : "color" of the object MaterialDiffuseColor * LightColor * LightPower * cosTheta / (distance*distance) + // Specular : reflective highlight, like a mirror MaterialSpecularColor * LightColor * LightPower * pow(cosAlpha,5) / (distance*distance); //color.xyz = E; //color.xyz = LightDirection_tangentspace; //color.xyz = EyeDirection_tangentspace; } I have replaced the original color value by EyeDirection_tangentspace vector and then I got other strange effect but I can not link the image (not eunogh reputation) Is it possible that with this shaders is something wrong, or maybe in other place in my code e.g with my matrices? SOLVED Solved... 3 days needed for changing one letter from this: glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vbo); glVertexAttribPointer ( 4, // attribute 3, // size GL_FLOAT, // type GL_FALSE, // normalized? sizeof(VboVertex), // stride (void*)(12*sizeof(float)) // array buffer offset ); to this: glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vbo); glVertexAttribPointer ( 4, // attribute 3, // size GL_FLOAT, // type GL_FALSE, // normalized? sizeof(VboVertex), // stride (void*)(11*sizeof(float)) // array buffer offset ); see difference? :)

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• Java: Reflection Packet Builder using getField()

  - by Matchlighter

  So I just finished writing a packet builder that dynamically loads data into a data stream which is then sent out. Each builder operates by finding fields in its class (and its superclasses) that are marked with an @data annotation. Upon finishing the builder, I remembered that getFields() does not return in "any specific order". I quite like my builder because it allows for quite simple, yet hard-typed packets. Could this implementation be a problem? What would be the best next step to keep the simplicity - do alphabetical sorting of fields?

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• Problem animating in Unity/Orthello 2D. Can't move gameObject

  - by Nelson Gregório

  I have a enemy npc that moves left and right in a corridor. It's animated with 2 sprites using Orthello 2D Framework. If I untick the animation's play on start and looping, the npc moves correctly. If I turn it on, the npc tries to move but is pulled back to his starting position again and again because of the animation loop. If I turn looping off during runtime, the npc moves correctly again. What did I do wrong? Here's the npc code if needed. using UnityEngine; using System.Collections; public class Enemies : MonoBehaviour { private Vector2 movement; public float moveSpeed = 200; public bool started = true; public bool blockedRight = false; public bool blockedLeft = false; public GameObject BorderL; public GameObject BorderR; void Update () { if (gameObject.transform.position.x < BorderL.transform.position.x) { started = false; blockedRight = false; blockedLeft = true; } if (gameObject.transform.position.x > BorderR.transform.position.x) { started = false; blockedLeft = false; blockedRight = true; } if(started) { movement = new Vector2(1, 0f); movement *= Time.deltaTime*moveSpeed; gameObject.transform.Translate(movement.x,movement.y, 0f); } if(!blockedRight && !started && blockedLeft) { movement = new Vector2(1, 0f); movement *= Time.deltaTime*moveSpeed; gameObject.transform.Translate(movement.x,movement.y, 0f); } if(!blockedLeft && !started && blockedRight) { movement = new Vector2(-1, 0f); movement *= Time.deltaTime*moveSpeed; gameObject.transform.Translate(movement.x,movement.y, 0f); } } }

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• How to create a copy of an instance without having access to private variables

  - by Jamie

  Im having a bit of a problem. Let me show you the code first: public class Direction { private CircularList xSpeed, zSpeed; private int[] dirSquare = {-1, 0, 1, 0}; public Direction(int xSpeed, int zSpeed){ this.xSpeed = new CircularList(dirSquare, xSpeed); this.zSpeed = new CircularList(dirSquare, zSpeed); } public Direction(Point dirs){ this(dirs.x, dirs.y); } public void shiftLeft(){ xSpeed.shiftLeft(); zSpeed.shiftRight(); } public void shiftRight(){ xSpeed.shiftRight(); zSpeed.shiftLeft(); } public int getXSpeed(){ return this.xSpeed.currentValue(); } public int getZSpeed(){ return this.zSpeed.currentValue(); } } Now lets say i have an instance of Direction: Direction dir = new Direction(0, 0); As you can see in the code of Direction, the arguments fed to the constructor, are passed directly to some other class. One cannot be sure if they stay the same because methods shiftRight() and shiftLeft could have been called, which changes thos numbers. My question is, how do i create a completely new instance of Direction, that is basically copy(not by reference) of dir? The only way i see it, is to create public methods in both CircularList(i can post the code of this class, but its not relevant) and Direction that return the variables needed to create a copy of the instance, but this solution seems really dirty since those numbers are not supposed to be touched after beeing fed to the constructor, and therefore they are private.

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• How change LOD in geometry?

  - by ChaosDev

  Im looking for simple algorithm of LOD, for change geometry vertexes and decrease frame time. Im created octree, but now I want model or terrain vertex modify algorithm,not for increase(looking on tessellation later) but for decrease. I want something like this Questions: Is same algorithm can apply either to model and terrain correctly? Indexes need to be modified ? I must use octree or simple check distance between camera and object for desired effect ? New value of indexcount for DrawIndexed function needed ? Code: //m_LOD == 10 in the beginning //m_RawVerts - array of 3d Vector filled with values from vertex buffer. void DecreaseLOD() { m_LOD--; if(m_LOD<1)m_LOD=1; RebuildGeometry(); } void IncreaseLOD() { m_LOD++; if(m_LOD>10)m_LOD=10; RebuildGeometry(); } void RebuildGeometry() { void* vertexRawData = new byte[m_VertexBufferSize]; void* indexRawData = new DWORD[m_IndexCount]; auto context = mp_D3D->mp_Context; D3D11_MAPPED_SUBRESOURCE data; ZeroMemory(&data,sizeof(D3D11_MAPPED_SUBRESOURCE)); context->Map(mp_VertexBuffer->mp_buffer,0,D3D11_MAP_READ,0,&data); memcpy(vertexRawData,data.pData,m_VertexBufferSize); context->Unmap(mp_VertexBuffer->mp_buffer,0); context->Map(mp_IndexBuffer->mp_buffer,0,D3D11_MAP_READ,0,&data); memcpy(indexRawData,data.pData,m_IndexBufferSize); context->Unmap(mp_IndexBuffer->mp_buffer,0); DWORD* dwI = (DWORD*)indexRawData; int sz = (m_VertexStride/sizeof(float));//size of vertex element //algorithm must be here. std::vector<Vector3d> vertices; int i = 0; for(int j = 0; j < m_VertexCount; j++) { float x1 = (((float*)vertexRawData)[0+i]); float y1 = (((float*)vertexRawData)[1+i]); float z1 = (((float*)vertexRawData)[2+i]); Vector3d lv = Vector3d(x1,y1,z1); //my useless attempts if(j+m_LOD+1<m_RawVerts.size()) { float v1 = VECTORHELPER::Distance(m_RawVerts[dwI[j]],m_RawVerts[dwI[j+m_LOD]]); float v2 = VECTORHELPER::Distance(m_RawVerts[dwI[j]],m_RawVerts[dwI[j+m_LOD+1]]); if(v1>v2) lv = m_RawVerts[dwI[j+1]]; else if(v2<v1) lv = m_RawVerts[dwI[j+2]]; } (((float*)vertexRawData)[0+i]) = lv.x; (((float*)vertexRawData)[1+i]) = lv.y; (((float*)vertexRawData)[2+i]) = lv.z; i+=sz;//pass others vertex format values without change } for(int j = 0; j < m_IndexCount; j++) { //indices ? } //set vertexes to device UpdateVertexes(vertexRawData,mp_VertexBuffer->getSize()); delete[] vertexRawData; delete[] indexRawData; }

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• Beginner C# image loading woes - NullReferenceException

  - by Seth Taddiken

  I keep getting a "NullReferenceExeption was unhandled" with "Object reference not set to an instance of an object." written under it. I have all of the images (png) correct with names and added to references. protected override void LoadContent() { spriteBatch = new SpriteBatch(GraphicsDevice); backGround = Content.Load<Texture2D>("Cracked"); player1.playerBlock = Content.Load<Texture2D>("square"); player2.playerBlock = Content.Load<Texture2D>("square2"); }

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• Event Driven Behavior Tree: deterministic traversal order with parallel

  - by Heisenbug

  I've studied several articles and listen some talks about behavior trees (mostly the resources available on AIGameDev by Alex J. Champandard). I'm particularly interested on event driven behavior trees, but I have still some doubts on how to implement them correctly using a scheduler. Just a quick recap: Standard Behavior Tree Each execution tick the tree is traversed from the root in depth-first order The execution order is implicitly expressed by the tree structure. So in the case of behaviors parented to a parallel node, even if both children are executed during the same traversing, the first leaf is always evaluated first. Event Driven BT During the first traversal the nodes (tasks) are enqueued using a scheduler which is responsible for updating only running ones every update The first traversal implicitly produce a depth-first ordered queue in the scheduler Non leaf nodes stays suspended mostly of the time. When a leaf node terminate(either with success or fail status) the parent (observer) is waked up allowing the tree traversing to continue and new tasks will be enqueued in the scheduler Without parallel nodes in the tree there will be up to 1 task running in the scheduler Without parallel nodes, the tasks in the queue(excluding dynamic priority implementation) will be always ordered in a depth-first order (is this right?) Now, from what is my understanding of a possible implementation, there are 2 requirements I think must be respected(I'm not sure though): Now, some requirements I think needs to be guaranteed by a correct implementation are: The result of the traversing should be independent from which implementation strategy is used. The traversing result must be deterministic. I'm struggling trying to guarantee both in the case of parallel nodes. Here's an example: Parallel_1 -->Sequence_1 ---->leaf_A ---->leaf_B -->leaf_C Considering a FIFO policy of the scheduler, before leaf_A node terminates the tasks in the scheduler are: P1(suspended),S1(suspended),leaf_A(running),leaf_C(running) When leaf_A terminate leaf_B will be scheduled (at the end of the queue), so the queue will become: P1(suspended),S1(suspended),leaf_C(running),leaf_B(running) In this case leaf_B will be executed after leaf_C at every update, meanwhile with a non event-driven traversing from the root node, the leaf_B will always be evaluated before leaf_A. So I have a couple of question: do I have understand correctly how event driven BT work? How can I guarantee the depth first order is respected with such an implementation? is this a common issue or am I missing something?

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• Maya Animated Character export for XNA 4.0 problem

  - by FahidK

  To begin with, I'm trying to export an animated character in .fbx format from Maya 2013 to XNA 4.0 In Maya, The Model has a basic rig and the animations are in clips made in the Trax editor. so the issue i'm having is after selecting the model and the root joint and then hitting export in .fbx format, for some reason when i open the exported .fbx file the joint system is detached from the model with no animation. Btw, i have the animations in clips so that they can be called in code, for example "run","walk","attack". So, what can i do to solve this problem? Thank you.

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• how can i get rotation vector from matrix4x4 in xna?

  - by mr.Smyle

  i want to get rotation vector from matrix to realize some parent-children system for models. Matrix bonePos = link.Bone.Transform * World; Matrix m = Matrix.CreateTranslation(link.Offset) * Matrix.CreateScale(link.gameObj.Scale.X, link.gameObj.Scale.Y, link.gameObj.Scale.Z) * Matrix.CreateFromYawPitchRoll(MathHelper.ToRadians(link.gameObj.Rotation.Y), MathHelper.ToRadians(link.gameObj.Rotation.X), MathHelper.ToRadians(link.gameObj.Rotation.Z)) //need rotation vector from bone matrix here (now it's global model rotation vector) * Matrix.CreateFromYawPitchRoll(MathHelper.ToRadians(Rotation.Y), MathHelper.ToRadians(Rotation.X), MathHelper.ToRadians(Rotation.Z)) * Matrix.CreateTranslation(bonePos.Translation); link.gameObj.World = m; where : link - struct with children model settings, like position, rotation etc. And link.Bone - Parent Bone

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• Implementing invisible bones

  - by DeadMG

  I suddenly have the feeling that I have absolutely no idea how to implement invisible objects/bones. Right now, I use hardware instancing to store the world matrix of every bone in a vertex buffer, and then send them all to the pipeline. But when dealing with frustrum culling, or having them set to invisible by my simulation for other reasons, means that some of them will be randomly invisible. Does this mean I effectively need to re-fill the buffer from scratch every frame with only the visible unit's matrices? This seems to me like it would involve a lot of wasted bandwidth.

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• Parenting Opengl with Groups in LibGDX

  - by Rudy_TM

  I am trying to make an object child of a Group, but this object has a draw method that calls opengl to draw in the screen. Its class its this public class OpenGLSquare extends Actor { private static final ImmediateModeRenderer renderer = new ImmediateModeRenderer10(); private static Matrix4 matrix = null; private static Vector2 temp = new Vector2(); public static void setMatrix4(Matrix4 mat) { matrix = mat; } @Override public void draw(SpriteBatch batch, float arg1) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub renderer.begin(matrix, GL10.GL_TRIANGLES); renderer.color(color.r, color.g, color.b, color.a); renderer.vertex(x0, y0, 0f); renderer.color(color.r, color.g, color.b, color.a); renderer.vertex(x0, y1, 0f); renderer.color(color.r, color.g, color.b, color.a); renderer.vertex(x1, y1, 0f); renderer.color(color.r, color.g, color.b, color.a); renderer.vertex(x1, y1, 0f); renderer.color(color.r, color.g, color.b, color.a); renderer.vertex(x1, y0, 0f); renderer.color(color.r, color.g, color.b, color.a); renderer.vertex(x0, y0, 0f); renderer.end(); } } In my screen class I have this, i call it in the constructor MyGroupClass spriteLab = new MyGroupClass(spriteSheetLab); OpenGLSquare square = new OpenGLSquare(); square.setX0(100); square.setY0(200); square.setX1(400); square.setY1(280); square.color.set(Color.BLUE); square.setSize(); //spriteLab.addActorAt(0, clock); spriteLab.addActor(square); stage.addActor(spriteLab); And the render in the screen I have @Override public void render(float arg0) { this.gl.glClear(GL10.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT |GL10.GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT); stage.draw(); stage.act(Gdx.graphics.getDeltaTime()); } The problem its that when i use opengl with parent, it resets all the other chldren to position 0,0 and the opengl renderer paints the square in the exact position of the screen and not relative to the parent. I tried using batch.enableBlending() and batch.disableBlending() that fixes the position problem of the other children, but not the relative position of the opengl drawing and it also puts alpha to the glDrawing. What am i doing wrong?:/

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• The purpose of using invert and transpose

  - by user699215

  In openGl ES and the World of 3D - why use the invers matrix? The thing is that I dont have any intuition to, why it is used, therefore please correct me: As fare as I understand, it is used in shaders - and can help you to figure out the opposite direction of the normals? Invers in ordinary numbers is like; The product of a number and its multiplicative inverse is 1. Observe that 3/5 * 5/3 = 1. In a matrix this will give you the Identity Matrix, which is the base coordinate system or the orion of the World space - right. But the invers is - some other coordinate system? You can use the transpose(Row-major order to Column-major order) of a square matrix to find the inverted matrix, as calculating the invers is process heavy - and the transpose is giving you the inverted matrix as a bi product? Again, I am looking for getting some intuition of this - and therefore be able to use it as intended. Thank you for any reply that will guide me in the right direction. Regards

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• Building View Matrix in Direct3D11

  - by Balls

  Am I doing it right? I converted this. m_ViewMatrix = XMMatrixLookAtLH(XMLoadFloat3(&m_Position), lookAtVector, upVector); to this one. XMVECTOR vz = XMVector3Normalize( lookAtVector - XMLoadFloat3(&m_Position) ); XMVECTOR vx = XMVector3Normalize( XMVector3Cross( upVector, vz ) ); XMVECTOR vy = XMVector3Cross( vz, vx ); m_ViewMatrix.r[0] = vx; m_ViewMatrix.r[1] = vy; m_ViewMatrix.r[2] = vz; m_ViewMatrix.r[3] = XMLoadFloat3(&m_Position); m_ViewMatrix.r[0].m128_f32[3] = 0.0f; m_ViewMatrix.r[1].m128_f32[3] = 0.0f; m_ViewMatrix.r[2].m128_f32[3] = 0.0f; m_ViewMatrix.r[3].m128_f32[3] = 1.0f; m_ViewMatrix = XMMatrixInverse( &XMMatrixDeterminant(m_ViewMatrix), m_ViewMatrix ); Everything looks fine when I run it. Another question is, I saw on this site(http://webglfactory.blogspot.com/2011/06/how-to-create-view-matrix.html) that he subtracted lookat from position in his vector vz. I tried it but gave me wrong view matrix. Can anyone check my code. I'm studying linear algebra right now. Sucks my course doesn't have one. Thank you, Balls

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• Rotating a cube using jBullet collisions

  - by Kenneth Bray

  How would one go about rotating/flipping a cube with the physics of jBullet? Here is my Draw method for my cube object: public void Draw() { // center point posX, posY, posZ float radius = .25f;//size / 2; glPushMatrix(); glBegin(GL_QUADS); //top { glColor3f(5.0f,1.0f,5.0f); // white glVertex3f(posX + radius, posY + radius, posZ - radius); glVertex3f(posX - radius, posY + radius, posZ - radius); glVertex3f(posX - radius, posY + radius, posZ + radius); glVertex3f(posX + radius, posY + radius, posZ + radius); } //bottom { glColor3f(1.0f,1.0f,0.0f); // ?? color glVertex3f(posX + radius, posY - radius, posZ + radius); glVertex3f(posX - radius, posY - radius, posZ + radius); glVertex3f(posX - radius, posY - radius, posZ - radius); glVertex3f(posX + radius, posY - radius, posZ - radius); } //right side { glColor3f(1.0f,0.0f,1.0f); // ?? color glVertex3f(posX + radius, posY + radius, posZ + radius); glVertex3f(posX + radius, posY - radius, posZ + radius); glVertex3f(posX + radius, posY - radius, posZ - radius); glVertex3f(posX + radius, posY + radius, posZ - radius); } //left side { glColor3f(0.0f,1.0f,1.0f); // ?? color glVertex3f(posX - radius, posY + radius, posZ - radius); glVertex3f(posX - radius, posY - radius, posZ - radius); glVertex3f(posX - radius, posY - radius, posZ + radius); glVertex3f(posX - radius, posY + radius, posZ + radius); } //front side { glColor3f(0.0f,0.0f,1.0f); // blue glVertex3f(posX + radius, posY + radius, posZ + radius); glVertex3f(posX - radius, posY + radius, posZ + radius); glVertex3f(posX - radius, posY - radius, posZ + radius); glVertex3f(posX + radius, posY - radius, posZ + radius); } //back side { glColor3f(0.0f,1.0f,0.0f); // green glVertex3f(posX + radius, posY - radius, posZ - radius); glVertex3f(posX - radius, posY - radius, posZ - radius); glVertex3f(posX - radius, posY + radius, posZ - radius); glVertex3f(posX + radius, posY + radius, posZ - radius); } glEnd(); glPopMatrix(); Update(); } This is my update method for the cube position: public void Update() { Transform trans = new Transform(); cubeRigidBody.getMotionState().getWorldTransform(trans); posX = trans.origin.x; posY = trans.origin.y; posZ = trans.origin.z; Quat4f outRot = new Quat4f(); trans.getRotation(outRot); rotX = outRot.x; rotY = outRot.y; rotZ = outRot.z; rotW = outRot.w; } I am assuming I need to use glrotatef, but it does not seem to work at all when I try that.. this is how I have tried to rotate the cubes: GL11.glRotatef(rotW, rotX, 0.0f, 0.0f); GL11.glRotatef(rotW, 0.0f, rotY, 0.0f); GL11.glRotatef(rotW, 0.0f, 0.0f, rotZ);

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• How to get a point to the left/right of a vector

  - by MulletDevil

  I have a position vector of a point in space and a quaternion for it's rotation. What i'm trying to calculate is a point too the left and a point to the right. I have the position and rotation(quaternion) of the red dot. What I want is to get the position of the green dots. I have a float value for the distance I want these points to be. With only the position and rotation is it possible to get a unit direction vector pointing left/right which I can multiply by my float value? Edit: I also know the original direction vector.

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• Behaviour tree code example?

  - by jokoon

  http://altdevblogaday.org/2011/02/24/introduction-to-behavior-trees/ Obviously the most interesting article I found on this website. What do you think about it ? It lacks some code example, don't you know any ? I also read that state machines are not very flexible compared to behaviour trees... On top of that I'm not sure if there is a true link between state machines and the state pattern... is there ?

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• Calculating up-vector to avoid gimbal lock using euler angles

  - by jessejuicer

  I wish to orbit a camera around a sphere, yet the problem is that when the camera rotates so that it is at the north pole (and pointing down) or the south pole (and pointing up) of the sphere the camera doesn't handle itself very well. It spins rapidly until arriving 180 degrees in the opposite direction. I believe this is known as gimbal lock. I understand you can avoid this problem using quaternions. But I also read in another forum that it's possible to avoid this easily using euler angles as well. Which I would prefer to do. It was said that all you need to do is "calculate a proper up-vector every frame, and that avoids the problem entirely." Well, I tried aligning the up-vector with the vertical axis of the camera whenever the camera changed orientation, but this didn't seem to work. Meaning that the up-vector followed exactly the orientation of the camera's y-axis (or it's up vector), instead of using a constant up-vector aligned to the up-vector of the world (0, 1, 0). How exactly do I go about calculating a proper up-vector as my camera orientation changes to avoid the gimbal lock problem mentioned above?

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• GUI for DirectX

  - by DeadMG

  I'm looking for a GUI library built on top of DirectX- preferably 9, but I can also do 11. I've looked at stuff like DXUT, but it's way too much for me- I'm only needing some UI controls which I would rather not write (and debug) myself, and their need to keep a C-compatible API is definitely a big downside. I'd rather look at UI libs that are designed to be integrated into an existing DirectX-based system, rather than forming the basis of a system. Any recommendations?

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• SFX Played Once per Collision or Hit

  - by David Dimalanta

  I have a question about using Box2D (engine for LibGDX used to make realistic physics). I observed on the code that I've made for the physics here below: @Override public boolean touchUp(int screenX, int screenY, int pointer, int button) { // TODO Touch Up Event if(is_Next_Fruit_Touched) { BodyEditorLoader Fruit_Loader = new BodyEditorLoader(Gdx.files.internal("Shape_Physics/Fruity Physics.json")); Fruit_BD.type = BodyType.DynamicBody; Fruit_BD.position.set(x, y); FixtureDef Fruit_FD = new FixtureDef(); // --> Allows you to make the object's physics. Fruit_FD.density = 1.0f; Fruit_FD.friction = 0.7f; Fruit_FD.restitution = 0.2f; MassData mass = new MassData(); mass.mass = 5f; Fruit_Body[n] = world.createBody(Fruit_BD); Fruit_Body[n].setActive(true); // --> Let your dragon fall. Fruit_Body[n].setMassData(mass); Fruit_Body[n].setGravityScale(1.0f); System.out.println("Eggs... " + n); Fruit_Loader.attachFixture(Fruit_Body[n], Body, Fruit_FD, Fruit_IMG.getWidth()); Fruit_Origin = Fruit_Loader.getOrigin(Body, Fruit_IMG.getWidth()).cpy(); is_Next_Fruit_Touched = false; up = y; Gdx.app.log("Initial Y-coordinate", "Y at " + up); //Once it's touched, the next fruit will set to drag. if(n < 50) { n++; }else{ System.exit(0); } } return true; } Now, I'm thinking which part o line should I implement for the sound effects. My objectives to make SFX played once for every collision (Or should I say "SFX played once per collision"?) on the following: SFX played once if they hit on the objects of its kind. (e.g. apple vs. apple) SFX played once on a different sound when it hit on the ground. (e.g. apple land on the mud) Take note that I'm using Box2D for the Java programming version thanks to LibGDX via Box2D engine and I edited the physics body using Physics Body Editor before I implement it to code. I tried to check every available methods for body, fixture definition, or body definition to code for the SFX when hit but it seems only for the gravity and weight. Is there possibly available on the document for SFX played when collision happens if possible?

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• How to scroll hex tiles?

  - by Chris Evans

  I don't seem to be able to find an answer to this one. I have a map of hex tiles. I wish to implement scrolling. Code at present: drawTilemap = function() { actualX = Math.floor(viewportX / hexWidth); actualY = Math.floor(viewportY / hexHeight); offsetX = -(viewportX - (actualX * hexWidth)); offsetY = -(viewportY - (actualY * hexHeight)); for(i = 0; i < (10); i++) { for(j = 0; j < 10; j++) { if(i % 2 == 0) { x = (hexOffsetX * i) + offsetX; y = j * sourceHeight; } else { x = (hexOffsetX * i) + offsetX; y = hexOffsetY + (j * sourceHeight); } var tileselected = mapone[actualX + i][j]; drawTile(x, y, tileselected); } } } The code I've written so far only handles X movement. It doesn't yet work the way it should do. If you look at my example on jsfiddle.net below you will see that when moving to the right, when you get to the next hex tile along, there is a problem with the X position and calculations that have taken place. It seems it is a simple bit of maths that is missing. Unfortunately I've been unable to find an example that includes scrolling yet. http://jsfiddle.net/hd87E/1/ Make sure there is no horizontal scroll bar then trying moving right using the - right arrow on the keyboard. You will see the problem as you reach the end of the first tile. Apologies for the horrid code, I'm learning! Cheers

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