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  • basic unique ModelForm field for Google App Engine

    - by Alexander Vasiljev
    I do not care about concurrency issues. It is relatively easy to build unique form field: from django import forms class UniqueUserEmailField(forms.CharField): def clean(self, value): self.check_uniqueness(super(UniqueUserEmailField, self).clean(value)) def check_uniqueness(self, value): same_user = users.User.all().filter('email', value).get() if same_user: raise forms.ValidationError('%s already_registered' % value) so one could add users on-the-fly. Editing existing user is tricky. This field would not allow to save user having other user email. At the same time it would not allow to save a user with the same email. What code do you use to put a field with uniqueness check into ModelForm?

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  • Multiprocessing Bomb

    - by iKarampa
    I was working the following example from Doug Hellmann tutorial on multiprocessing: import multiprocessing def worker(): """worker function""" print 'Worker' return if __name__ == '__main__': jobs = [] for i in range(5): p = multiprocessing.Process(target=worker) jobs.append(p) p.start() When I tried to run it outside the if statement: import multiprocessing def worker(): """worker function""" print 'Worker' jobs = [] for i in range(5): p = multiprocessing.Process(target=worker) jobs.append(p) p.start() It started spawning processes non-stop, without any way of to terminating it. Why would that happen? Why it did not generate 5 processes and exit? Why do I need the if statement?

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  • In plain English, what are Django generic views?

    - by allyourcode
    The first two paragraphs of this page explain that generic views are supposed to make my life easier, less monotonous, and make me more attractive to women (I made up that last one): http://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/topics/generic-views/#topics-generic-views I'm all for improving my life, but what do generic views actually do? It seems like lots of buzzwords are being thrown around, which confuse more than they explain. Are generic views similar to scaffolding in Ruby on Rails? The last bullet point in the intro seems to indicate this. Is that an accurate statement?

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  • Making all variables accessible to namespace

    - by Gökhan Sever
    Hello, Say I have a simple function: def myfunc(): a = 4.2 b = 5.5 ... many similar variables ... I use this function one time only and I am wondering what is the easiest way to make all the variables inside the function accessible to my main name-space. Do I have to declare global for each item? or any other suggested methods? Thanks.

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  • Extract points within a shape from a raster

    - by user308827
    Hi, I have a raster file (basically 2D array) with close to a million points. I am trying to extract a circle from the raster (and all the points that lie within the circle. Using ArcGIS is exceedingly slow for this. Can anyone suggest any image processing library that is both easy to learn and powerful and quick enough for something like this? Thanks!

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  • Serve external template in Django

    - by AlexeyMK
    Hey, I want to do something like return render_to_response("http://docs.google.com/View?id=bla", args) and serve an external page with django arguments. Django doesn't like this (it looks for templates in very particular places). What's the easiest way make this work? Right now I'm thinking to use urllib to save the page to somewhere locally on my server and then serve with the templates pointing to there. Note: I'm not looking for anything particularly scalable here, I realize my proposal above is a little dirty.

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  • unit test for proxy checking

    - by zubin71
    Proxy configuration of a machine can be easily fetched using def check_proxy(): import urllib2 http_proxy = urllib2.getproxies().get('http') I need to write a test for the above written function. In order to do that I need to:- Set the system-wide proxy to an invalid URL during the test(sounds like a bad idea). Supply an invalid URL to http_proxy. How can I achieve either of the above?

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  • Dynamically add items to Tkinter Canvas

    - by nick369
    I'm attempting to learn Tkinter with the goal of being able to create a 'real-time' scope to plot data. As a test, I'm trying to draw a polygon on the canvas every time the 'draw' button is pressed. The triangle position is randomized. I have two problems: There is a triangle on the canvas as soon as the program starts, why and how do I fix this? It doesn't draw any triangles when I press the button, at least none that I can see. CODE from Tkinter import * from random import randint class App: def __init__(self,master): #frame = Frame(master) #frame.pack(side = LEFT) self.plotspc = Canvas(master,height = 100, width = 200, bg = "white") self.plotspc.grid(row=0,column = 2, rowspan = 5) self.button = Button(master, text = "Quit", fg = "red", \ command = master.quit) self.button.grid(row=0,column=0) self.drawbutton = Button(master, text = "Draw", command = \ self.pt([50,50])) self.drawbutton.grid(row = 0, column = 1) def pt(self, coords): coords[0] = coords[0] + randint(-20,20) coords[1] = coords[1] + randint(-20,20) x = (0,5,10) y = (0,10,0) xp = [coords[0] + xv for xv in x] yp = [coords[1] + yv for yv in y] ptf = zip(xp,yp) self.plotspc.create_polygon(*ptf) if _name_ == "_main_": root = Tk() app = App(root) root.mainloop() The code is formatting strangely within the code tags, I have no idea how to fix this.

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  • A graph-based tuple merge?

    - by user1644030
    I have paired values in tuples that are related matches (and technically still in CSV files). Neither of the paired values are necessarily unique. tupleAB = (A####, B###), (A###, B###), (A###, B###)... tupleBC = (B####, C###), (B###, C###), (B###, C###)... tupleAC = (A####, C###), (A###, C###), (A###, C###)... My ideal output would be a dictionary with a unique ID and a list of "reinforced" matches. The way I try to think about it is in a graph-based context. For example, if: tupleAB[x] = (A0001, B0012) tupleBC[y] = (B0012, C0230) tupleAC[z] = (A0001, C0230) This would produce: output = {uniquekey0001, [A0001, B0012, C0230]} Ideally, this would also be able to scale up to more than three tuples (for example, adding a "D" match that would result in an additional three tuples - AD, BD, and CD - and lists of four items long; and so forth). In regards to scaling up to more tuples, I am open to having "graphs" that aren't necessarily fully connected, i.e., every node connected to every other node. My hunch is that I could easily filter based on the list lengths. I am open to any suggestions. I think, with a few cups of coffee, I could work out a brute force solution, but I thought I'd ask the community if anyone was aware of a more elegant solution. Thanks for any feedback.

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  • Tkinter Packing Strangeness: Buttons packed above others

    - by Parand
    I'm sure I'm doing something obvious wrong here, but I can't see it. I end up with the "Should be on top" label packed at the bottom instead of at the top. What am I doing wrong? from Tkinter import * class SelectAction(Frame): buttons = {} def callback(self): print "Callback" def createWidgets(self): logo_label = Label(text="Should be on top").pack(fill=X) for name, text, callback in ( ('setup_account', 'Account Settings', self.callback), ('do_action', 'Do Something', self.callback), ): self.buttons[name] = Button(self, text=text, command=callback).pack(fill=X) def __init__(self, master=None): Frame.__init__(self, master) self.pack() self.createWidgets() if __name__ == "__main__": root = Tk() app = SelectAction(master=root) app.mainloop() root.destroy()

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  • Deterministic key serialization

    - by Mike Boers
    I'm writing a mapping class which uses SQLite as the storage backend. I am currently allowing only basestring keys but it would be nice if I could use a couple more types hopefully up to anything that is hashable (ie. same requirements as the builtin dict). To that end I would like to derive a deterministic serialization scheme. Ideally, I would like to know if any implementation/protocol combination of pickle is deterministic for hashable objects (e.g. can only use cPickle with protocol 0). I noticed that pickle and cPickle do not match: >>> import pickle >>> import cPickle >>> def dumps(x): ... print repr(pickle.dumps(x)) ... print repr(cPickle.dumps(x)) ... >>> dumps(1) 'I1\n.' 'I1\n.' >>> dumps('hello') "S'hello'\np0\n." "S'hello'\np1\n." >>> dumps((1, 2, 'hello')) "(I1\nI2\nS'hello'\np0\ntp1\n." "(I1\nI2\nS'hello'\np1\ntp2\n." Another option is to use repr to dump and ast.literal_eval to load. This would only be valid for builtin hashable types. I have written a function to determine if a given key would survive this process (it is rather conservative on the types it allows): def is_reprable_key(key): return type(key) in (int, str, unicode) or (type(key) == tuple and all( is_reprable_key(x) for x in key)) The question for this method is if repr itself is deterministic for the types that I have allowed here. I believe this would not survive the 2/3 version barrier due to the change in str/unicode literals. This also would not work for integers where 2**32 - 1 < x < 2**64 jumping between 32 and 64 bit platforms. Are there any other conditions (ie. do strings serialize differently under different conditions)? (If this all fails miserably then I can store the hash of the key along with the pickle of both the key and value, then iterate across rows that have a matching hash looking for one that unpickles to the expected key, but that really does complicate a few other things and I would rather not do it.) Any insights?

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  • Numpy modify array in place?

    - by User
    I have the following code which is attempting to normalize the values of an m x n array (It will be used as input to a neural network, where m is the number of training examples and n is the number of features). However, when I inspect the array in the interpreter after the script runs, I see that the values are not normalized; that is, they still have the original values. I guess this is because the assignment to the array variable inside the function is only seen within the function. How can I do this normalization in place? Or do I have to return a new array from the normalize function? import numpy def normalize(array, imin = -1, imax = 1): """I = Imin + (Imax-Imin)*(D-Dmin)/(Dmax-Dmin)""" dmin = array.min() dmax = array.max() array = imin + (imax - imin)*(array - dmin)/(dmax - dmin) print array[0] def main(): array = numpy.loadtxt('test.csv', delimiter=',', skiprows=1) for column in array.T: normalize(column) return array if __name__ == "__main__": a = main()

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  • Setting up repoze.who with make_redirecting_plugin

    - by Timmy
    my file is: [plugin:form] use = repoze.who.plugins.form:make_redirecting_plugin login_form_url = /account/signin login_handler_path = /account/login logout_handler_path = /account/logout [identifiers] plugins = form;browser auth_tkt i created a form on /account/signin, but it doesnt find the identity? what has to be on the form?

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  • Pygame Sprite/Font rendering issues

    - by Grimless
    Hey guys. Here's my problem: I have a game class that maintains a HUD overlay that has a bunch of elements, including header and footer background sprites. Everything was working fine until I added a 1024x128 footer sprite. Now two of my text labels will not render, despite the fact that they DO exist in my Group and self.elements array. Is there something I'm missing? When I take out the footerHUDImage line, all of the labels render correctly and everything works fine. When I add the footerHUDImage, two of the labels (the first two) no longer render and the third only sometimes renders. HELP PLEASE! Here is the code: class AoWHUD (object): def __init__(self, screen, delegate, dataSource): self.delegate = delegate self.dataSource = dataSource self.elements = [] headerHudImage = KJRImage("HUDBackground.png") self.elements.append(headerHudImage) headerHudImage.userInteractionEnabled = True footerHUDImage = KJRImage("ControlsBackground.png") self.elements.append(footerHUDImage) footerHUDImage.rect.bottom = screen.get_rect().height footerHUDImage.userInteractionEnabled = True lumberMessage = "Lumber: " + str(self.dataSource.lumber) lumberLabel = KJRLabel(lumberMessage, size = 48, color = (240, 200, 10)) lumberLabel.rect.topleft = (_kSpacingMultiple * 0, 0) self.elements.append(lumberLabel) stoneMessage = "Stone: " + str(self.dataSource.stone) stoneLabel = KJRLabel(stoneMessage, size = 48, color = (240, 200, 10)) stoneLabel.rect.topleft = (_kSpacingMultiple * 1, 0) self.elements.append(stoneLabel) metalMessage = "Metal: " + str(self.dataSource.metal) metalLabel = KJRLabel(metalMessage, size = 48, color = (240, 200, 10)) metalLabel.rect.topleft = (_kSpacingMultiple * 2, 0) self.elements.append(metalLabel) foodMessage = "Food: " + str(len(self.dataSource.units)) + "/" + str(self.dataSource.food) foodLabel = KJRLabel(foodMessage, size = 48, color = (240, 200, 10)) foodLabel.rect.topleft = (_kSpacingMultiple * 3, 0) self.elements.append(foodLabel) self.selectionSprites = {32 : pygame.image.load("Selected32.png").convert_alpha(), 64 : pygame.image.load("Selected64.png")} self._sprites_ = pygame.sprite.Group() for e in self.elements: self._sprites_.add(e) print self.elements def draw(self, screen): if self.dataSource.resourcesChanged: lumberMessage = "Lumber: " + str(self.dataSource.lumber) stoneMessage = "Stone: " + str(self.dataSource.stone) metalMessage = "Metal: " + str(self.dataSource.metal) foodMessage = "Food: " + str(len(self.dataSource.units)) + "/" + str(self.dataSource.food) self.elements[2].setText(lumberMessage) self.elements[2].rect.topleft = (_kSpacingMultiple * 0, 0) self.elements[3].setText(stoneMessage) self.elements[3].rect.topleft = (_kSpacingMultiple * 1, 0) self.elements[4].setText(metalMessage) self.elements[4].rect.topleft = (_kSpacingMultiple * 2, 0) self.elements[5].setText(foodMessage) self.elements[5].rect.topleft = (_kSpacingMultiple * 3, 0) self.dataSource.resourcesChanged = False self._sprites_.draw(screen) if self.delegate.selectedUnit: theSelectionSprite = self.selectionSprites[self.delegate.selectedUnit.rect.width] screen.blit(theSelectionSprite, self.delegate.selectedUnit.rect)

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  • how can i set the key 'blob-key' about BlobStore?

    - by pyleaf
    I use the jquery plugin "uploadify" to upload multiple files to My App(GAE), and then save them with blobstore, but it failed. I debug the code into get_uploads, it seems field.type_options is empty and of course has 'blob-key'. Q: where does the key 'blob-key' come from? thank you!

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  • Raising events and object persistence in Django

    - by Mridang Agarwalla
    Hi, I have a tricky Django problem which didn't occur to me when I was developing it. My Django application allows a user to sign up and store his login credentials for a sites. The Django application basically allows the user to search this other site (by scraping content off it) and returns the result to the user. For each query, it does a couple of queries of the other site. This seemed to work fine but sometimes, the other site slaps me with a CAPTCHA. I've written the code to get the CAPTCHA image and I need to return this to the user so he can type it in but I don't know how. My search request (the query, the username and the password) in my Django application gets passed to a view which in turn calls the backend that does the scraping/search. When a CAPTCHA is detected, I'd like to raise a client side event or something on those lines and display the CAPTCHA to the user and wait for the user's input so that I can resume my search. I would somehow need to persist my backend object between calls. I've tried pickling it but it doesn't work because I get the Can't pickle 'lock' object error. I don't know to implement this though. Any help/ideas? Thanks a ton.

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  • Union on ValuesQuerySet in django

    - by Wuxab
    I've been searching for a way to take the union of querysets in django. From what I read you can use query1 | query2 to take the union... This doesn't seem to work when using values() though. I'd skip using values until after taking the union but I need to use annotate to take the sum of a field and filter on it and since there's no way to do "group by" I have to use values(). The other suggestions I read were to use Q objects but I can't think of a way that would work. Do I pretty much need to just use straight SQL or is there a django way of doing this? What I want is: q1 = mymodel.objects.filter(date__lt = '2010-06-11').values('field1','field2').annotate(volsum=Sum('volume')).exclude(volsum=0) q2 = mymodel.objects.values('field1','field2').annotate(volsum=Sum('volume')).exclude(volsum=0) query = q1|q2 But this doesn't work and as far as I know I need the "values" part because there's no other way for Sum to know how to act since it's a 15 column table.

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  • How can I handle dynamic calculated attributes in a model in Django?

    - by bullfish
    In Django I calculate the breadcrumb (a list of fathers) for an geographical object. Since it is not going to change very often, I am thinking of pre calculating it once the object is saved or initialized. 1.) What would be better? Which solution would have a better performance? To calculate it at _init_ or to calculate it when the object is saved (the object takes about 500-2000 characters in the DB)? 2.) I tried to overwrite the _init_ or save() methods but I don't know how to use attributes of the just saved object. Accessing *args, **kwargs did not work. How can I access them? Do I have to save, access the father and then save again? 3.) If I decide to save the breadcrumb. Whats the best way to do it? I used http://www.djangosnippets.org/snippets/1694/ and have crumb = PickledObjectField(). Thats the method to calculate the attribute crumb() def _breadcrumb(self): breadcrumb = [ ] x = self while True: x = x.father try: if hasattr(x, 'country'): breadcrumb.append(x.country) elif hasattr(x, 'region'): breadcrumb.append(x.region) elif hasattr(x, 'city'): breadcrumb.append(x.city) else: break except: break breadcrumb.reverse() return breadcrumb Thats my save-Method: def save(self,*args, **kwargs): # how can I access the father ob the object? father = self.father # does obviously not work father = kwargs['father'] # does not work either # the breadcrumb gets calculated here self.crumb = self._breadcrumb(father) super(GeoObject, self).save(*args,**kwargs) Please help me out. I am working on this for days now. Thank you.

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  • Preserving the dimensions of a slice from a Numpy 3d array

    - by Brendan
    I have a 3d array, a, of shape say a.shape = (10, 10, 10) When slicing, the dimensions are squeezed automatically i.e. a[:,:,5].shape = (10, 10) I'd like to preserve the number of dimensions but also ensure that the dimension that was squeezed is the one that shows 1 i.e. a[:,:,5].shape = (10, 10, 1) I have thought of re-casting the array and passing ndmin but that just adds the extra dimensions to the start of the shape tuple regardless of where the slice came from in the array a.

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