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  • Infinite loop when adding a row to a list in a class in python3

    - by Margaret
    I have a script which contains two classes. (I'm obviously deleting a lot of stuff that I don't believe is relevant to the error I'm dealing with.) The eventual task is to create a decision tree, as I mentioned in this question. Unfortunately, I'm getting an infinite loop, and I'm having difficulty identifying why. I've identified the line of code that's going haywire, but I would have thought the iterator and the list I'm adding to would be different objects. Is there some side effect of list's .append functionality that I'm not aware of? Or am I making some other blindingly obvious mistake? class Dataset: individuals = [] #Becomes a list of dictionaries, in which each dictionary is a row from the CSV with the headers as keys def field_set(self): #Returns a list of the fields in individuals[] that can be used to split the data (i.e. have more than one value amongst the individuals def classified(self, predicted_value): #Returns True if all the individuals have the same value for predicted_value def fields_exhausted(self, predicted_value): #Returns True if all the individuals are identical except for predicted_value def lowest_entropy_value(self, predicted_value): #Returns the field that will reduce <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entropy_%28information_theory%29">entropy</a> the most def __init__(self, individuals=[]): and class Node: ds = Dataset() #The data that is associated with this Node links = [] #List of Nodes, the offspring Nodes of this node level = 0 #Tree depth of this Node split_value = '' #Field used to split out this Node from the parent node node_value = '' #Value used to split out this Node from the parent Node def split_dataset(self, split_value): fields = [] #List of options for split_value amongst the individuals datasets = {} #Dictionary of Datasets, each one with a value from fields[] as its key for field in self.ds.field_set()[split_value]: #Populates the keys of fields[] fields.append(field) datasets[field] = Dataset() for i in self.ds.individuals: #Adds individuals to the datasets.dataset that matches their result for split_value datasets[i[split_value]].individuals.append(i) #<---Causes an infinite loop on the second hit for field in fields: #Creates subnodes from each of the datasets.Dataset options self.add_subnode(datasets[field],split_value,field) def add_subnode(self, dataset, split_value='', node_value=''): def __init__(self, level, dataset=Dataset()): My initialisation code is currently: if __name__ == '__main__': filename = (sys.argv[1]) #Takes in a CSV file predicted_value = "# class" #Identifies the field from the CSV file that should be predicted base_dataset = parse_csv(filename) #Turns the CSV file into a list of lists parsed_dataset = individual_list(base_dataset) #Turns the list of lists into a list of dictionaries root = Node(0, Dataset(parsed_dataset)) #Creates a root node, passing it the full dataset root.split_dataset(root.ds.lowest_entropy_value(predicted_value)) #Performs the first split, creating multiple subnodes n = root.links[0] n.split_dataset(n.ds.lowest_entropy_value(predicted_value)) #Attempts to split the first subnode.

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  • Obtaining references to function objects on the execution stack from the frame object?

    - by Marcin
    Given the output of inspect.stack(), is it possible to get the function objects from anywhere from the stack frame and call these? If so, how? (I already know how to get the names of the functions.) Here is what I'm getting at: Let's say I'm a function and I'm trying to determine if my caller is a generator or a regular function? I need to call inspect.isgeneratorfunction() on the function object. And how do you figure out who called you? inspect.stack(), right? So if I can somehow put those together, I'll have the answer to my question. Perhaps there is an easier way to do this?

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  • Scrape zipcode table for different urls based on county

    - by Dr.Venkman
    I used lxml and ran into a wall as my new computer wont install lxml and the code doesnt work. I know this is simple - maybe some one can help with a beautiful soup script. this is my code: import codecs import lxml as lh from selenium import webdriver import time import re results = [] city = [ 'amador'] state = [ 'CA'] for state in states: for city in citys: browser = webdriver.Firefox() link2 = 'http://www.getzips.com/cgi-bin/ziplook.exe?What=3&County='+ city +'&State=' + state + '&Submit=Look+It+Up' browser.get(link2) bcontent = browser.page_source zipcode = bcontent[bcontent.find('<td width="15%"'):bcontent.find('<p>')+0] if len(zipcode) > 0: print zipcode else: print 'none' browser.quit() Thanks for the help

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  • Locating file path from a <InMemoryUploadedFile> Djnago object

    - by PirosB3
    Hi all I have a Django app which, submitting a package, should return values that are inside it.. Submitted the form to a view called "insert": request.FILES['file'] returns the file objects, but it is of kind < InMemoryUploadedFile. What i need is a way to get the absolute path of the uploaded file, so that i can feed it to a method that will return the values needed Anyone know how i can accomplish this? Thanks

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  • Auto filling polymorphic table on save or on delete in django

    - by Mo J. Mughrabi
    Hi, Am working on an project in which I made an app "core" it will contain some of the reused models across my projects, most of those are polymorphic models (Generic content types) and will be linked to different models. Example below am trying to create audit model and will be linked to several models which may require auditing. This is the polls/models.py from django.db import models from django.contrib.auth.models import User from core.models import * from django.contrib.contenttypes import generic class Poll(models.Model): ## TODO: Document question = models.CharField(max_length=300) question_slug=models.SlugField(editable=False) start_poll_at = models.DateTimeField(null=True) end_poll_at = models.DateTimeField(null=True) is_active = models.BooleanField(default=True) audit_obj=generic.GenericRelation(Audit) def __unicode__(self): return self.question class Choice(models.Model): ## TODO: Document choice = models.CharField(max_length=200) poll=models.ForeignKey(Poll) audit_obj=generic.GenericRelation(Audit) class Vote(models.Model): ## TODO: Document choice=models.ForeignKey(Choice) Ip_Address=models.IPAddressField(editable=False) vote_at=models.DateTimeField("Vote at", editable=False) here is the core/modes.py from django.db import models from django.contrib.auth.models import User from django.contrib.contenttypes.models import ContentType from django.contrib.contenttypes import generic class Audit(models.Model): ## TODO: Document # Polymorphic model using generic relation through DJANGO content type created_at = models.DateTimeField("Created at", auto_now_add=True) created_by = models.ForeignKey(User, db_column="created_by", related_name="%(app_label)s_%(class)s_y+") updated_at = models.DateTimeField("Updated at", auto_now=True) updated_by = models.ForeignKey(User, db_column="updated_by", null=True, blank=True, related_name="%(app_label)s_%(class)s_y+") content_type = models.ForeignKey(ContentType) object_id = models.PositiveIntegerField(unique=True) content_object = generic.GenericForeignKey('content_type', 'object_id') and here is polls/admin.py from django.core.context_processors import request from polls.models import Poll, Choice from core.models import * from django.contrib import admin class ChoiceInline(admin.StackedInline): model = Choice extra = 3 class PollAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin): inlines = [ChoiceInline] admin.site.register(Poll, PollAdmin) Am quite new to django, what am trying to do here, insert a record in audit when a record is inserted in polls and then update that same record when a record is updated in polls.

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  • Creating a new plugin for mpld3

    - by sjp14051
    Toward learning how to create a new mpld3 plugin, I took an existing example, LinkedDataPlugin (http://mpld3.github.io/examples/heart_path.html), and modified it slightly by deleting references to lines object. That is, I created the following: class DragPlugin(plugins.PluginBase): JAVASCRIPT = r""" mpld3.register_plugin("drag", DragPlugin); DragPlugin.prototype = Object.create(mpld3.Plugin.prototype); DragPlugin.prototype.constructor = DragPlugin; DragPlugin.prototype.requiredProps = ["idpts", "idpatch"]; DragPlugin.prototype.defaultProps = {} function DragPlugin(fig, props){ mpld3.Plugin.call(this, fig, props); }; DragPlugin.prototype.draw = function(){ var patchobj = mpld3.get_element(this.props.idpatch, this.fig); var ptsobj = mpld3.get_element(this.props.idpts, this.fig); var drag = d3.behavior.drag() .origin(function(d) { return {x:ptsobj.ax.x(d[0]), y:ptsobj.ax.y(d[1])}; }) .on("dragstart", dragstarted) .on("drag", dragged) .on("dragend", dragended); patchobj.path.attr("d", patchobj.datafunc(ptsobj.offsets, patchobj.pathcodes)); patchobj.data = ptsobj.offsets; ptsobj.elements() .data(ptsobj.offsets) .style("cursor", "default") .call(drag); function dragstarted(d) { d3.event.sourceEvent.stopPropagation(); d3.select(this).classed("dragging", true); } function dragged(d, i) { d[0] = ptsobj.ax.x.invert(d3.event.x); d[1] = ptsobj.ax.y.invert(d3.event.y); d3.select(this) .attr("transform", "translate(" + [d3.event.x,d3.event.y] + ")"); patchobj.path.attr("d", patchobj.datafunc(ptsobj.offsets, patchobj.pathcodes)); } function dragended(d, i) { d3.select(this).classed("dragging", false); } } mpld3.register_plugin("drag", DragPlugin); """ def __init__(self, points, patch): print "Points ID : ", utils.get_id(points) self.dict_ = {"type": "drag", "idpts": utils.get_id(points), "idpatch": utils.get_id(patch)} However, when I try to link the plugin to a figure, as in plugins.connect(fig, DragPlugin(points[0], patch)) I get an error, 'module' is not callable, pointing to this line. What does this mean and why doesn't it work? Thanks. I'm adding additional code to show that linking more than one Plugin might be problematic. But this may be entirely due to some silly mistake on my part, or there is a way around it. The following code based on LinkedViewPlugin generates three panels, in which the top and the bottom panel are supposed to be identical. Mouseover in the middle panel was expected to control the display in the top and bottom panels, but updates occur in the bottom panel only. It would be nice to be able to figure out how to reflect the changes in multiple panels. Thanks. import matplotlib import matplotlib.pyplot as plt import numpy as np import mpld3 from mpld3 import plugins, utils class LinkedView(plugins.PluginBase): """A simple plugin showing how multiple axes can be linked""" JAVASCRIPT = """ mpld3.register_plugin("linkedview", LinkedViewPlugin); LinkedViewPlugin.prototype = Object.create(mpld3.Plugin.prototype); LinkedViewPlugin.prototype.constructor = LinkedViewPlugin; LinkedViewPlugin.prototype.requiredProps = ["idpts", "idline", "data"]; LinkedViewPlugin.prototype.defaultProps = {} function LinkedViewPlugin(fig, props){ mpld3.Plugin.call(this, fig, props); }; LinkedViewPlugin.prototype.draw = function(){ var pts = mpld3.get_element(this.props.idpts); var line = mpld3.get_element(this.props.idline); var data = this.props.data; function mouseover(d, i){ line.data = data[i]; line.elements().transition() .attr("d", line.datafunc(line.data)) .style("stroke", this.style.fill); } pts.elements().on("mouseover", mouseover); }; """ def __init__(self, points, line, linedata): if isinstance(points, matplotlib.lines.Line2D): suffix = "pts" else: suffix = None self.dict_ = {"type": "linkedview", "idpts": utils.get_id(points, suffix), "idline": utils.get_id(line), "data": linedata} class LinkedView2(plugins.PluginBase): """A simple plugin showing how multiple axes can be linked""" JAVASCRIPT = """ mpld3.register_plugin("linkedview", LinkedViewPlugin2); LinkedViewPlugin2.prototype = Object.create(mpld3.Plugin.prototype); LinkedViewPlugin2.prototype.constructor = LinkedViewPlugin2; LinkedViewPlugin2.prototype.requiredProps = ["idpts", "idline", "data"]; LinkedViewPlugin2.prototype.defaultProps = {} function LinkedViewPlugin2(fig, props){ mpld3.Plugin.call(this, fig, props); }; LinkedViewPlugin2.prototype.draw = function(){ var pts = mpld3.get_element(this.props.idpts); var line = mpld3.get_element(this.props.idline); var data = this.props.data; function mouseover(d, i){ line.data = data[i]; line.elements().transition() .attr("d", line.datafunc(line.data)) .style("stroke", this.style.fill); } pts.elements().on("mouseover", mouseover); }; """ def __init__(self, points, line, linedata): if isinstance(points, matplotlib.lines.Line2D): suffix = "pts" else: suffix = None self.dict_ = {"type": "linkedview", "idpts": utils.get_id(points, suffix), "idline": utils.get_id(line), "data": linedata} fig, ax = plt.subplots(3) # scatter periods and amplitudes np.random.seed(0) P = 0.2 + np.random.random(size=20) A = np.random.random(size=20) x = np.linspace(0, 10, 100) data = np.array([[x, Ai * np.sin(x / Pi)] for (Ai, Pi) in zip(A, P)]) points = ax[1].scatter(P, A, c=P + A, s=200, alpha=0.5) ax[1].set_xlabel('Period') ax[1].set_ylabel('Amplitude') # create the line object lines = ax[0].plot(x, 0 * x, '-w', lw=3, alpha=0.5) ax[0].set_ylim(-1, 1) ax[0].set_title("Hover over points to see lines") linedata = data.transpose(0, 2, 1).tolist() plugins.connect(fig, LinkedView(points, lines[0], linedata)) # second set of lines exactly the same but in a different panel lines2 = ax[2].plot(x, 0 * x, '-w', lw=3, alpha=0.5) ax[2].set_ylim(-1, 1) ax[2].set_title("Hover over points to see lines #2") plugins.connect(fig, LinkedView2(points, lines2[0], linedata)) mpld3.show()

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  • How do i add a new object with suds?

    - by Jerome
    I'm trying to use suds but have so far been unsuccessful at figuring this out. Hopefully it's something simple that i'm missing. Any help would be highly appreciated. This is supposed to be the raw soap message that i need to achieve: <soapenv:Envelope xmlns:soapenv="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" xmlns:api="http://api.service.apimember.soapservice.com/"> <soapenv:Header/> <soapenv:Body> <api:insertOrUpdateMemberByObj> <token>t67GFCygjhkjyUy8y9hkjhlkjhuii</token> <member> <dynContent> <entry> <key>FIRSTNAME</key> <value>hhhhbbbbb</value> </entry> </dynContent> <email>[email protected]</email> </member> </api:insertOrUpdateMemberByObj> </soapenv:Body> </soapenv:Envelope> So i use suds to create the member object: member = client.factory.create('member') produces: (apiMember){ attributes = (attributes){ entry[] = <empty> } } How exactly do i append an 'entry'? I try this: member.attributes.entry.append({'key':'FIRSTNAME','value':'test'}) and that produces this: (apiMember){ attributes = (attributes){ entry[] = { value = "test" key = "FIRSTNAME" }, } } However, what i actually need is: (apiMember){ attributes = (attributes){ entry[] = (entry) { value = "test" key = "FIRSTNAME" }, } } How do i achieve this?

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  • grabbing a substring while scraping with Python2.6

    - by Diego
    Hey can someone help with the following? I'm trying to scrape a site that has the following information.. I need to pull just the number after the </strong> tag.. [<li><strong>ISBN-13:</strong> 9780375853401</li>, <li><strong>Pub. Date: </strong> 05/11/2010</li>] [<li><strong>UPC:</strong> 490355000372</li>, <li><strong>Catalog No:</strong> 15024/25</li>, <li><strong>Label:</strong> CAMERATA</li>] here's a piece of the code I've been using to grab the above data using mechanize and BeautifulSoup. I'm stuck here as it won't let me use the find() function for a list br_results = mechanize.urlopen(br_results) html = br_results.read() soup = BeautifulSoup(html) local_links = soup.findAll("a", {"class" : "down-arrow csa"}) upc_code = soup.findAll("ul", {"class" : "bc-meta3"}) for upc in upc_code: upc_text = upc.contents.contents print upc_text

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  • How to install Visual Python in Ubuntu 10.04? [closed]

    - by Glen
    I am trying to do a Physics problem in python. I need to install visual python because I get the error that it can't find the visual library when I type import visual from * The documentation on the Visual Python site is totally useless. I have gone into synaptic package manger and installed python-visual. But I still get the same error. Can someone please help?

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  • What is the Simplest Possible Payment Gateway to Implement? (using Django)

    - by b14ck
    I'm developing a web application that will require users to either make one time deposits of money into their account, or allow users to sign up for recurring billing each month for a certain amount of money. I've been looking at various payment gateways, but most (if not all) of them seem complex and difficult to get working. I also see no real active Django projects which offer simple views for making payments. Ideally, I'd like to use something like Amazon FPS, so that I can see online transaction logs, refund money, etc., but I'm open to other things. I just want the EASIEST possible payment gateway to integrate with my site. I'm not looking for anything fancy, whatever does the job, and requires < 10 hours to get working from start to finish would be perfect. I'll give answer points to whoever can point out a good one. Thanks!

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  • Django: Applying Calculations To A Query Set

    - by TheLizardKing
    I have a QuerySet that I wish to pass to a generic view for pagination: links = Link.objects.annotate(votes=Count('vote')).order_by('-created')[:300] This is my "hot" page which lists my 300 latest submissions (10 pages of 30 links each). I want to now sort this QuerySet by an algorithm that HackerNews uses: (p - 1) / (t + 2)^1.5 p = votes minus submitter's initial vote t = age of submission in hours Now because applying this algorithm over the entire database would be pretty costly I am content with just the last 300 submissions. My site is unlikely to be the next digg/reddit so while scalability is a plus it is required. My question is now how do I iterate over my QuerySet and sort it by the above algorithm? For more information, here are my applicable models: class Link(models.Model): category = models.ForeignKey(Category, blank=False, default=1) user = models.ForeignKey(User) created = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True) modified = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True) url = models.URLField(max_length=1024, unique=True, verify_exists=True) name = models.CharField(max_length=512) def __unicode__(self): return u'%s (%s)' % (self.name, self.url) class Vote(models.Model): link = models.ForeignKey(Link) user = models.ForeignKey(User) created = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True) def __unicode__(self): return u'%s vote for %s' % (self.user, self.link) Notes: I don't have "downvotes" so just the presence of a Vote row is an indicator of a vote or a particular link by a particular user.

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  • How to accept localized date format (e.g dd/mm/yy) in a DateField on an admin form ?

    - by tomjerry
    Is it possible to customize a django application to have accept localized date format (e.g dd/mm/yy) in a DateField on an admin form ? I have a model class : class MyModel(models.Model): date = models.DateField("Date") And associated admin class class MyModelAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin): pass On django administration interface, I would like to be able to input a date in following format : dd/mm/yyyy. However, the date field in the admin form expects yyyy-mm-dd. How can I customize things ? Nota bene : I have already specified my custom language code (fr-FR) in settings.py, but it seems to have no effect on this date input matter. Thanks in advance for your answer

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  • Tkinter Packing Strangeness: Buttons packed above others

    - by Parand
    I'm sure I'm doing something obvious wrong here, but I can't see it. I end up with the "Should be on top" label packed at the bottom instead of at the top. What am I doing wrong? from Tkinter import * class SelectAction(Frame): buttons = {} def callback(self): print "Callback" def createWidgets(self): logo_label = Label(text="Should be on top").pack(fill=X) for name, text, callback in ( ('setup_account', 'Account Settings', self.callback), ('do_action', 'Do Something', self.callback), ): self.buttons[name] = Button(self, text=text, command=callback).pack(fill=X) def __init__(self, master=None): Frame.__init__(self, master) self.pack() self.createWidgets() if __name__ == "__main__": root = Tk() app = SelectAction(master=root) app.mainloop() root.destroy()

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  • gae error : Error: Server Error, how to debug it .

    - by zjm1126
    when i upload my project to google-app-engine , it show this : Error: Server Error The server encountered an error and could not complete your request. If the problem persists, please report your problem and mention this error message and the query that caused it. why ? how can i debug this error ? thanks

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  • Django: Geocoding an address on form submission?

    - by User
    Trying to wrap my head around django forms and the django way of doing things. I want to create a basic web form that allows a user to input an address and have that address geocoded and saved to a database. I created a Location model: class Location(models.Model): address = models.CharField(max_length=200) city = models.CharField(max_length=100) state = models.CharField(max_length=100, null=True) postal_code = models.CharField(max_length=100, null=True) country = models.CharField(max_length=100) latitude = models.DecimalField(max_digits=18, decimal_places=10, null=True) longitude = models.DecimalField(max_digits=18, decimal_places=10, null=True) And defined a form: class LocationForm(forms.ModelForm): class Meta: model = models.Location exclude = ('latitude','longitude') In my view I'm using form.save() to save the form. This works and saves an address to the database. I created a module to geocode an address. I'm not sure what the django way of doing things is, but I guess in my view, before I save the form, I need to geocode the address and set the lat and long. How do I set the latitude and longitude before saving?

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  • CherryPy and RESTful web api

    - by hyperboreean
    What's the best approach of creating a RESTful web api in CherryPy? I've been looking around for a few days now and nothing seems great. For Django it seems that are lots of tools to do this, but not for CherryPy or I am not aware of them

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  • How to set the size of a wx.aui.AuiManager Pane that is centered?

    - by aF
    Hello, I have three panes with the InfoPane center option. I want to know how to set their size. Using this code: import wx import wx.aui class MyFrame(wx.Frame): def __init__(self, parent, id=-1, title='wx.aui Test', pos=wx.DefaultPosition, size=(800, 600), style=wx.DEFAULT_FRAME_STYLE): wx.Frame.__init__(self, parent, id, title, pos, size, style) self._mgr = wx.aui.AuiManager(self) # create several text controls text1 = wx.TextCtrl(self, -1, 'Pane 1 - sample text', wx.DefaultPosition, wx.Size(200,150), wx.NO_BORDER | wx.TE_MULTILINE) text2 = wx.TextCtrl(self, -1, 'Pane 2 - sample text', wx.DefaultPosition, wx.Size(200,150), wx.NO_BORDER | wx.TE_MULTILINE) text3 = wx.TextCtrl(self, -1, 'Main content window', wx.DefaultPosition, wx.Size(200,150), wx.NO_BORDER | wx.TE_MULTILINE) # add the panes to the manager self._mgr.AddPane(text1, wx.CENTER) self._mgr.AddPane(text2, wx.CENTER) self._mgr.AddPane(text3, wx.CENTER) # tell the manager to 'commit' all the changes just made self._mgr.Update() self.Bind(wx.EVT_CLOSE, self.OnClose) def OnClose(self, event): # deinitialize the frame manager self._mgr.UnInit() # delete the frame self.Destroy() app = wx.App() frame = MyFrame(None) frame.Show() app.MainLoop() I want to know what is called when we change the size of the panes. If you tell me that, I can do the rest by myself :)

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  • Most efficient way to update attribute of one instance

    - by Begbie00
    Hi all - I'm creating an arbitrary number of instances (using for loops and ranges). At some event in the future, I need to change an attribute for only one of the instances. What's the best way to do this? Right now, I'm doing the following: 1) Manage the instances in a list. 2) Iterate through the list to find a key value. 3) Once I find the right object within the list (i.e. key value = value I'm looking for), change whatever attribute I need to change. for Instance within ListofInstances: if Instance.KeyValue == SearchValue: Instance.AttributeToChange = 10 This feels really inefficient: I'm basically iterating over the entire list of instances, even through I only need to change an attribute in one of them. Should I be storing the Instance references in a structure more suitable for random access (e.g. dictionary with KeyValue as the dictionary key?) Is a dictionary any more efficient in this case? Should I be using something else? Thanks, Mike

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  • Help calling class from a class above.

    - by wtzolt
    Hello, How to call from class oneThread: back to class fun:? As in, address a class written below. Is it possible? class oneThread(threading.Thread): def __init__(self): threading.Thread.__init__(self) self.start() def run(self): print "1" time.sleep(1) print "2" time.sleep(1) print "3" self.wTree.get_widget("entryResult").set_text("Done with One.") # How to call from here back to class fun, which of course is below...? class fun: wTree = None def __init__( self ): self.wTree = gtk.glade.XML( "main.glade" ) self.wTree.signal_autoconnect( {"on_buttonOne" : self.one} ) gtk.main() def one(self, widget): oneThread(); gtk.gdk.threads_init() do=fun()

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