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• "Can't find root filesystem / error mounting /dev/root" when booting to new kernel

  - by salparadise

  I am trying to upgrade my kernel from 2.6.18-274 to 2.6.39 for some wireless card drivers. When I boot into the new kernel I get the "Can't find root filesystem / error mounting /dev/root" googling led me to this page http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Common_kernel_problems#Can.27t_find_root_filesystem_.2F_error_mounting_.2Fdev.2Froot From what I am reading seems to be an issue with a driver for my SATA controller or HD, but I can't find what option I need to add to the kernel. Doing a diff from the old initrd to the new one gives me the following: root-> diff /tmp/kafter /tmp/kbefore 6a7,8 > lib/dm-message.ko > lib/dm-region_hash.ko 8a11 > lib/dm-raid45.ko 13d15 < lib/dm-region-hash.ko 16a19 > lib/dm-mem-cache.ko Do I need any of those? not sure if I would need dm-raid45.ko as I am not running a raid. I have the same SATA and IDE options configured for both kernels so not sure what else to look for, any help is appreciated. Additionally here is the HW info: 00:1f.2 IDE interface: Intel Corporation 82801FB/FW (ICH6/ICH6W) SATA Controller (rev 03) (prog-if 8f [Master SecP SecO PriP PriO]) Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Unknown device 3006 Flags: bus master, 66MHz, medium devsel, latency 0, IRQ 233 I/O ports at 1818 [size=8] I/O ports at 1830 [size=4] I/O ports at 1820 [size=8] I/O ports at 1834 [size=4] I/O ports at 14f0 [size=16] Capabilities: [70] Power Management version 2 root-> smartctl -a /dev/sda ... === START OF INFORMATION SECTION === Device Model: WDC WD5000AADS-00S9B0

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• fglrx-legacy-driver not seeing Radeon HD 4650 AGP

  - by Rocket Hazmat

  I am running Debian Squeeze on an old Dell Dimension 8300 box. It has an AGP Radeon HD 4650 card. I use this machine to mine bitcoins, and today I noticed that the machine had rebooted! My precious uptime! Anyway, my miner wouldn't start, so I figured might as well update my graphics driver, maybe that would fix the issue. I went to amd.com and downloaded the newest driver (12.6 legacy), but after installing it, aticonfig gave an error: aticonfig: No supported adapters detected I uninstalled the driver and figured I'd try to install it from apt. AMD has dropped support for the HD 4000 series in fglrx, forcing me to use fglrx-legacy-driver (currently only in experimental). In order to install this, I had to update libc6 (and some other important packages, like gcc), I had to use their wheezy versions. I finally got fglrx-legacy-driver installed, but I still got: aticonfig: No supported adapters detected Why isn't the driver finding my video card? I have a hunch it has something to do with the fact that it's an AGP video card. Here is the output of lspci -v (why does it say Kernel driver in use: fglrx_pci?): 01:00.0 VGA compatible controller: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] nee ATI RV730 Pro AGP [Radeon HD 4600 Series] (prog-if 00 [VGA controller]) Subsystem: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] nee ATI Device 0028 Flags: bus master, 66MHz, medium devsel, latency 64, IRQ 16 Memory at e0000000 (32-bit, prefetchable) [size=256M] I/O ports at de00 [size=256] Memory at fe9f0000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=64K] Expansion ROM at fea00000 [disabled] [size=128K] Capabilities: [50] Power Management version 3 Capabilities: [58] AGP version 3.0 Kernel driver in use: fglrx_pci EDIT: fglrx 12.4 seems to work. Thing is, since I am on kernel 3.2, I need to apply this patch to common/lib/modules/fglrx/build_mod/firegl_public.c. I thought ATI dropped support for the 4xxx series after 12.4. Why doesn't 12.6 legacy work?

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• Ubuntu xrandr rotate issue

  - by user83544

  I've just bought a second monitor for my PC which happens to be a pivot monitor. I've already read lots of forums related to my problem but haven't come across a solution - I have the same symptoms as dozens of posts but no matter whatever I try it just doesn't work. I've already changed the xorg.conf file and added in the device section just under Driver "nvidia" the following for my second monitor: Option "RandRRotation" "on" When I save and reboot I try to rotate my screen with the nvidia X server settings by choosing the second monitor and clicking either "left" or "right" for the rotation. It immediately exits the nvidia settings window and does nothing. I tried within the terminal by typing: xrandr -o right I get the following error: X Error of failed request: BadMatch (invalid parameter attributes) Major opcode of failed request: 154 (RANDR) Minor opcode of failed request: 2 (RRSetScreenConfig) Serial number of failed request: 14 Current serial number in output stream: 14 I actually manage to rotate it with Option "Rotate" "CCW" instead of "RandRRotation". The problem with this solution is that you get the second monitor in the right position, but any window you open on that screen is practically unchangeable. You can't change the size nor move it, making it useless for reading PDFs, which is the main reason why I bought this second screen to help me write my thesis. Any help is really appreciated. sudo lshw -c video hiram@hiram-linux:~$ sudo lshw -c video *-display description: VGA compatible controller product: nVidia Corporation vendor: nVidia Corporation physical id: 0 bus info: pci@0000:01:00.0 version: a1 width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm msi pciexpress vga_controller bus_master cap_list rom configuration: driver=nvidia latency=0 resources: irq:16 memory:f8000000-f9ffffff memory:d8000000-dfffffff memory:d4000000-d7ffffff ioport:dc00(size=12 memory:fbd80000-fbdfffff

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• How to monitor bandwidth use of each device on wifi network

  - by GWLlosa

  I have in my home a standard Comcast cable internet connection. I have it going from the wall to a cable modem, and from the modem to a late-series Linksys router, which provides wired and wireless networking. The vast majority of the users are wireless connections. For day-to-day tasks, this connection is fully sufficient for all my needs. However, on regular occassions, we have social gatherings that involve many people bringing laptops and other PCs and using the network and internet simultaneously, frequently for gaming. I have no administrative oversight over these machines; they have been known to be riddled with spyware and/or bloatware or be running torrents, legal or otherwise. The only reason I care is that on a regular basis, one of the machines will flatline my internet bandwith, and consume it all in order to upload/download/spam people/whatever. When this happens, the latency of the connections for gaming and the like becomes unacceptable, and everyone suffers. My question is: Is there a system I can set up whereby I can easily monitor the various systems connected to my wireless connection, see how much bandwith each one is using, and for what ends? That way, at a glance, I can spot the offending machine and kick it from the connection, without having to go from machine to machine, checking each one's "bandwith used" properties manually, and dealing with the owner's indignant protests all the while. I understand this will likely involve 3rd-party software and/or hardware; my issue is I don't even know where to begin.

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• How To Monitor Home Wireless Network Connected Devices Bandwith

  - by GWLlosa

  (Originally posted on SuperUser, not sure if it might be better suited here) I have in my home a standard Comcast cable internet connection. I have it going from the wall to a cable modem, and from the modem to a late-series Linksys router, which provides wired and wireless networking. The vast majority of the users are wireless connections. For day-to-day tasks, this connection is fully sufficient for all my needs. However, on regular occassions, we have social gatherings that involve many people bringing laptops and other PCs and using the network and internet simultaneously, frequently for gaming. I have no administrative oversight over these machines; they have been known to be riddled with spyware and/or bloatware or be running torrents, legal or otherwise. The only reason I care is that on a regular basis, one of the machines will flatline my internet bandwith, and consume it all in order to upload/download/spam people/whatever. When this happens, the latency of the connections for gaming and the like becomes unacceptable, and everyone suffers. My question is: Is there a system I can set up whereby I can easily monitor the various systems connected to my wireless connection, see how much bandwith each one is using, and for what ends? That way, at a glance, I can spot the offending machine and kick it from the connection, without having to go from machine to machine, checking each one's "bandwith used" properties manually, and dealing with the owner's indignant protests all the while. I understand this will likely involve 3rd-party software and/or hardware; my issue is I don't even know where to begin.

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• Faster, secure, protocol/code required for long-distance transfer.

  - by Chopper3

  I've ran into a problem and I'm looking for a new secure protocol/client/server that's faster over a 1Gb/s fibre link - let me tell you the story... I have a pair of redundant, diversely-routed, 1Gb/s links over a distance of around 250 miles or so (not dark fibre but a dedicated point to point link, not a mesh). At the 'client' end I have a HP DL380 G5 (2 x dual-core 2.66Ghz Xeon's, 4GB, Windows 2003EE 32-bit), at the 'server' end I have a HP BL460c G6 (2 x quad-core 2.53Ghz Xeons, 48GB, Oracle Linux 5.3 64-bit). I need to transfer around 500 x 2GB files per week from the client to the server machines per week - but the transfer NEEDS to be secure. Using both iPerf or regular FTP I can get ~80MB/s of transfer pretty consistently, which is great. Using WinSCP or Windows SFTP I can't seem to get more that ~3-4MB/s, at this point the server's CPU is 3% busy while CPU0 of the client goes to ~30% utilised. We've tried editing various TCP window sizes with little success. Both ends are connected to quite low-usage Cisco Cat6509's with Sup720's. I can replace the client machine with a newer machine and/or move it to Linux - but this will take time. Clearly these single-threaded secure Windows clients are introducing too much latency doing their encryption. So a few questions/thoughts; Are there any higher performing secure protocols or client software for Windows that I could try? I'm pretty protocol-gnostic so long as it'll work between Windows and Linux. Should I be using hardware to do the encryption, either in the client or the network parts? If so what would you recommend? I'm not convinced that just swapping the server would be that much faster, the CPU was only at 30% but then again that's higher than I'd have expected given the load - moving to Linux at the client end may be a better idea but would be quite disruptive. Am I missing a trick? Thanks in advance.

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• explanation of RAM specs, and what do I need for a Gaming rig

  - by ewok

  I am looking into upgrading my custom built PC's RAM. I use the machine mostly for gaming, but I don't really know a ton about RAM, so I wanted to ask a few questions. The research I've done tells me there is a negligible increase in speed for anything above 1600 MHz. is this true or is it worth the extra money to go higher? Other than drawing more power from the PSU, is there any real difference in performance with different voltages (1.5V vs 1.65V)? most of the kits I've found in the 2x4 1600 range have a CAS latency of 9 and timing of 9-9-9-24. For a significant increase in price (usually about 1.5x), I can get either 8 or 7 and lower timing. Is it worth the cost? What I am looking for here is someone to give a good explanation of what the different specs represent, and how that relates to the performance of the machine. Specifically, I'm looking for what specs I need to focus on for a good gaming rig. I am NOT looking for a "buy this, it's the best RAM" without an explanation of why. The information will be much more valuable as it will allow me to make my own informed decision. As they say, give a man a fish, he'll eat for a day. teach a man to fish, and he'll eat for the rest of his life.

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• Measure Upload Speed between a client and our server

  - by tresstylez

  We host a SAAS application specially customized for multiple clients. For one customer in particular -- they are reporting sporadic performance issues from various locations on their network, in particular UPLOADING documents through a form on our website. The client claims they have "bandwidth to spare" and that utilization of their "pipe" is so low that it MUST be our application, but our application has MANY clients and all features are working fine for all other clients. Interestingly enough -- DOWNLOADS (ie. just accessing the website, or downloading documents) is working fine. Speed test shows that they should get 1.2Mbps UP. So, a 3MB file should take 20 secs to upload. It takes 60+ seconds on their network. Sometimes even small files take OVER 10 minutes to upload or they timeout. Pings and Traceroutes don't show any abnormally long hops or response times. They claim other SAAS applications they use allow them to upload just fine. Both IT teams are working together to resolve this issue. What kind of data can I request from the clients to begin ruling things out. Seems like we need to somehow measure LATENCY of the networks involved or even at the switch level, we need to understand if packets are getting dropped somewhere and why. Where should I start? Any help is appreciated. I'll provide more info upon requests

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• Anyone have real world experience with Rackspace Cloud Sites at high scale?

  - by Allara

  I have a pure web service application layer using .NET. I was originally planning to use Amazon EC2, but rolling my own autoscaling procedures is a bit intimidating, and the scaling isn't very granular from a cost perspective. If the app is successful, we could be looking at relatively high scale (millions of requests per month). The app uses Amazon SimpleDB as the database layer. As a test, I have the app running successfully in Rackspace Cloud Sites. Performance seems to be equal to (if not better than) a standard EC2 instance, even with the added latency of the SimpleDB requests travelling to the Rackspace network. However, testing at this stage is at a very low scale. My question is this: has anyone had real-world experience running a high scale application on Rackspace Cloud Sites? Moreover, once you pass the "included" 10,000 compute cycles per month, does the overall cost seem to be lower than rolling lots of EC2 instances? My assumption would be that with completely smooth scaling (i.e. only adding compute resources as needed), the cost could be lower on average. However, their stated goal of calibrating 10,000 CCs as a single 1.2 Ghz CPU seems on average to be much more expensive than EC2. I like the idea of no-touch scaling, but is it too good to be true?

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• what means parameter -mailboxcredenctial

  - by cotablise

  H3llo, I am writing regarding the Exchange powershell commands. When I want to use following cmdlets, I have to insert parameter -mailboxcredential Test-OwaConnectivity Test-OutlookWebServices Test-ImapConnectivity Test-PopConnectivity In the Microsoft official site is written: "The MailboxCredential parameter specifies the mailbox credential for a single URL test." I am not sure why this parameter is needed... I inserted incorrect credentials, however the command was finished successfully... Could you tell me reason why this parameter is needed ? Example: Wrong/incorrect credential [PS] C:\>Test-WebServicesConnectivity -ClientAccessServer EXhub1 -MailboxCredential (Get-Credential blablabla) CasServer LocalSite Scenario Result Latency(MS) Error --------- --------- -------- ------ ----------- ----- EXhub1 Default-Fi... GetFolder Failure [System.Net.WebExcept... Without parameter: [PS] C:\>Test-WebServicesConnectivity -ClientAccessServer EXhub1 WARNING: Test user 'extest_91ef41d34eef4' isn't accessible, so this cmdlet won't be able to test Client Access server connectivity. Could not find or sign in with user ********\extest_91ef41d34eef4. If this task is being run without credentials, sign in as a Domain Administrator, and then run Scripts\new-TestCasConnectivityUser.ps1 to verify that the user exists on Mailbox server EXHUB1.****** + CategoryInfo : ObjectNotFound: (:) [Test-WebServicesConnectivity], CasHealthCouldN...edInfoException + FullyQualifiedErrorId : FB9A14B6,Microsoft.Exchange.Monitoring.TestWebServicesConnectivity WARNING: No Client Access servers were tested. Thank you in advance

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• glusterfs mounts get unmounted when 1 of the 2 bricks goes offline

  - by Shiquemano

  I have an odd case where 1 of the 2 replicated glusterfs bricks will go offline and take all of the client mounts down with it. As I understand it, this should not be happening. It should fail over to the brick that is still online, but this hasn't been the case. I suspect that this is due to configuration issue. Here is a description of the system: 2 gluster servers on dedicated hardware (gfs0, gfs1) 8 client servers on vms (client1, client2, client3, ... , client8) Half of the client servers are mounted with gfs0 as the primary, and the other half are pointed at gfs1. Each of the clients are mounted with the following entry in /etc/fstab: /etc/glusterfs/datavol.vol /data glusterfs defaults 0 0 Here is the content of /etc/glusterfs/datavol.vol: volume datavol-client-0 type protocol/client option transport-type tcp option remote-subvolume /data/datavol option remote-host gfs0 end-volume volume datavol-client-1 type protocol/client option transport-type tcp option remote-subvolume /data/datavol option remote-host gfs1 end-volume volume datavol-replicate-0 type cluster/replicate subvolumes datavol-client-0 datavol-client-1 end-volume volume datavol-dht type cluster/distribute subvolumes datavol-replicate-0 end-volume volume datavol-write-behind type performance/write-behind subvolumes datavol-dht end-volume volume datavol-read-ahead type performance/read-ahead subvolumes datavol-write-behind end-volume volume datavol-io-cache type performance/io-cache subvolumes datavol-read-ahead end-volume volume datavol-quick-read type performance/quick-read subvolumes datavol-io-cache end-volume volume datavol-md-cache type performance/md-cache subvolumes datavol-quick-read end-volume volume datavol type debug/io-stats option count-fop-hits on option latency-measurement on subvolumes datavol-md-cache end-volume The config above is the latest attempt at making this behave properly. I have also tried the following entry in /etc/fstab: gfs0:/datavol /data glusterfs defaults,backupvolfile-server=gfs1 0 0 This was the entry for half of the clients, while the other half had: gfs1:/datavol /data glusterfs defaults,backupvolfile-server=gfs0 0 0 The results were exactly the same as the above configuration. Both configs connect everything just fine, they just don't fail over. Any help would be appreciated.

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• 'Future-proof' Live Audio Capture & Broadcast [migrated]

  - by maxpowers

  I'm looking to implement some live audio broadcasting functionality within a Ruby on Rails site for a client and was hoping I could get some input from people who have tackled this type of thing before. Essentially what I need to do is capture and record a user's audio (via microhpone, line in, etc), then stream that to 1,000+ listeners with very little latency, like sub 2 second if possible. So it looks like we've got 3 parts: Web-based audio capture (likely with Flash or JS) Server to accept audio feed and stream to listeners (likely Icecast or Wowza) Actual audio player (maybe HTML5 w/ Flash as a fallback? Maybe this jPlayer fork) Does RTMP makes sense here? Or maybe HTTP? What's the most 'future-proof' way to make this happen? Building with mobile in mind, but still want to be able stream to anyone. I've found lots of potentially helpful threads and software but I'm struggling to get an idea of how it all fits together. I'm a front end guy and way out of my comfort zone so if anyone has insights to offer, I'd love to hear them.

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• NFS on top of GFS2 - does it work?

  - by Matthew

  We're currently using a NoSQL derivative called Splunk to receive our data. The software supports something called "search head pooling" in which the job-dispatching engine is housed on several servers which share a common storage point. Originally our intention was to use a clustered filesystem like GFS2 because of low latency, stability, and ease of setup. We set up GFS2, and it's working with no issues. However when trying to run the software, it's trying to create lock files, and a bunch of other things that their support team can't quite explain. Ultimate feedback from them was that they only support NFS. Our network administration team heavily frowns on NFS (lack of stability, file lock issues, etc). So, I was thinking about the possibility of setting up NFS on each server in the cluster to act as a wedge layer between the GFS2 filesystem and the software. Basically configure each server to export the GFS2 filesystem's mountpoint via NFS, and then tell each server to connect to that NFS share. That way we aren't introducing any single-points-of-failure should a dedicated NFS server go down, but the vendor gets their "required" NFS share. I'm just brainstorming ways around, so please tear this apart :)

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• Backtrack, Wi-Fi not working

  - by hradecek

  I've installed Backtrack 5R3 KDE, and I realized that my wireless is not working, but wired is working fine. Here's the lshw output: *-network description: Ethernet interface product: RTL8101E/RTL8102E PCI Express Fast Ethernet controller vendor: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. physical id: 0 bus info: pci@0000:02:00.0 logical name: eth0 version: 05 serial: 04:7d:7b:b7:46:f8 size: 100MB/s capacity: 100MB/s width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm msi pciexpress msix vpd bus_master cap_list ethernet physical tp mii 10bt 10bt-fd 100bt 100bt-fd autonegotiation configuration: autonegotiation=on broadcast=yes driver=r8169 driverversion=2.3LK-NAPI duplex=full firmware=rtl_nic/rtl8105e-1.fw ip=192.168.2.2 latency=0 link=yes multicast=yes port=MII speed=100MB/s resources: irq:42 ioport:2000(size=256) memory:f0404000-f0404fff memory:f0400000-f0403fff lspci output: 00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation 2nd Generation Core Processor Family DRAM Controller (rev 09) 00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation 2nd Generation Core Processor Family Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 09) 00:14.0 USB Controller: Intel Corporation Panther Point USB xHCI Host Controller (rev 04) 00:16.0 Communication controller: Intel Corporation Panther Point MEI Controller #1 (rev 04) 00:1a.0 USB Controller: Intel Corporation Panther Point USB Enhanced Host Controller #2 (rev 04) 00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation Panther Point High Definition Audio Controller (rev 04) 00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Panther Point PCI Express Root Port 1 (rev c4) 00:1c.1 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Panther Point PCI Express Root Port 2 (rev c4) 00:1d.0 USB Controller: Intel Corporation Panther Point USB Enhanced Host Controller #1 (rev 04) 00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation Panther Point LPC Controller (rev 04) 00:1f.2 SATA controller: Intel Corporation Panther Point 6 port SATA AHCI Controller (rev 04) 00:1f.3 SMBus: Intel Corporation Panther Point SMBus Controller (rev 04) 02:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8101E/RTL8102E PCI Express Fast Ethernet controller (rev 05)

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• TCP/UDP hole punching from and to the same NAT network

  - by Luc

  I was wondering if tcp/udp hole punching would still work when you are in the same network (behind a NAT), and what the packet's path would be. What happens when using hole punching on the same network, is that it will send a packet out with the same destination and source address. Only the source and destination port would differ. I imagine a router with NAT loopback enabled will handle this as it should, but how about other routers? Would they drop the packet, or would a router (the first?) from the ISP bounce the packet back after which it gets handled okay? I'm wondering because I was thinking about using this technique to circumvent a block between peers in a network (like a school network where clients can only access the internet, but any contact with each other is blocked). The only other option is to use a man in the middle as proxy (tunnel?). The disadvantage of this is that you have to have a server with significantly more bandwidth than one that would only do hole punching. Also the latency would increase significantly.

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• How to short-circuit Eclipse AutoComplete when "by relevance" Sorting is enabled?

  - by JRtim

  I know there's a number of autocomplete articles scattered around stack and eclipse relevant communities. I haven't seen a solution that I have been able to make work. Essentially it goes like this... I like sorting by relevance (since it usually has a decent priority), but sometimes I want to short circuit the autocomplete without having to hit x 2. If I have a class that has a couple methods like, getThis(), getThat, and get(), and eclipse picks up that I usually use getThis(), but every once in a while I want the get() method. So I type "Class" "period" "get(" -- whoops eclipse just filled in getThis(). When the sorting is alphabetically, this isn't an issue, but "by relevance" is a nice default. Just wondering if I'm missing the boat on something. Obviously one solution is to increase the latency on the autocomplete popup, but get() might just be an example. There might a situation where the method I want is a few parameters and maybe more than 3 keystrokes. Thank you.

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• What can be done to improve time synchronization on networks with sporadic internet access?

  - by anregen

  I'm looking for advice setting up time servers for a very non-typical network. I support many closed networks that have occasional access to the internet. A network would get access most days for a few hours, but would frequently go 1-3 weeks blacked-out. The computers/servers on this network are mostly *nix-based, but not all the same flavor. The entire network is mobile, so when it connects, it will have very different hops/latency to internet time servers. The servers on the closed network are powered-off frequently (at least daily). Right now, my gut tells me to use NTP (because I hate re-learning all the stuff that someone else already got working pretty well). But I have several issues, and am looking for someone with experience in this type of strange situation. I currently have no solution in place, I'm simply letting the internal clocks drift. This results in errors of ~600s in a majority of networks. I have seen mismatch worse than 10,000s. Is there something "better" than NTP in this situation? I know NTP likes to have very frequent, consistent access to servers that give nearly identical answers. I won't have that. How many internal NTP servers should I configure, so that during periods of internet blackout, I have internal time that is consistent within the closed network? There is no human access. No matter how large the mismatch, the server(s) must attempt to correct itself. Discrete steps are very bad. No matter how large the mismatch, the correction must be "slewed", not "stepped". I understand that this could take many hours to correct.

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• Sound doesn't work anymore after replacing RAM

  - by thejh

  Hello, today, I replaced one old RAM module with two newer, bigger ones, but now, the sound doesn't seem to work anymore. Already ran alsaconf and it didn't help. Output of lspci for the audio device: 00:07.0 Audio device: nVidia Corporation MCP67 High Definition Audio (rev a1) Subsystem: Giga-byte Technology Device a002 Control: I/O- Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx- Status: Cap+ 66MHz+ UDF- FastB2B+ ParErr- DEVSEL=fast >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx- Latency: 0 (500ns min, 1250ns max) Interrupt: pin A routed to IRQ 21 Region 0: Memory at f5100000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16K] Capabilities: [44] Power Management version 2 Flags: PMEClk- DSI- D1- D2- AuxCurrent=0mA PME(D0-,D1-,D2-,D3hot+,D3cold+) Status: D0 PME-Enable- DSel=0 DScale=0 PME- Capabilities: [50] Message Signalled Interrupts: Mask+ 64bit+ Queue=0/0 Enable- Address: 0000000000000000 Data: 0000 Masking: 00000000 Pending: 00000000 Capabilities: [6c] HyperTransport: MSI Mapping Enable+ Fixed+ Kernel driver in use: HDA Intel Kernel modules: snd-hda-intel The audio device is onboard and has six configurable outputs, two or so are also capable of being an input (if I remember it correctly), but I don't know how to control it under linux. Does somebody know how/whether replacing the RAM could be related to my problem and/or how to fix it?

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• Oracle 11g Data Guard over a WAN

  - by Dave LeJeune

  Hi - We are in process of looking at using Oracle's Data Guard to replicate our 11g instance from a colo facility in Washington DC to Chicago. To give some basics we have approximately 25TB of storage and a healthy transaction rate in the 1-2K/sec range. Also, because we are processing data in real-time we have a 24x7x365 requirement for processing data. We don't have any respites as far as volume except for system upgrades (once every few months) where we take the system offline but then course experience a spike in transactions when we bring the system back on-line. Ideally we would want the second instance in the DG configuration semi-online in a read-only fashion for reports/etc. We evaluated DG in 10g and were not overly impressed and research seemed to show that earlier versions had issues with replication over a WAN but I have heard good things about modifications the product has gone through w/ 11g. Can anyone confirm an instance of this size and transaction rate being replicated over a WAN and if so what is the general latency? An information or experiences with a DG implementation that is of this size and scope would really be helpful (or larger - I also realize we are still relatively small compared to many others out there). Many thanks in advance.

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• Oracle: 1 Large Server vs. 2 Smaller Servers?

  - by nvahalik

  We are in the planning stages of setting up our production Oracle 10gR2 environment. Our budget gives us the ability to buy 2 processor licenses of Oracle DB Standard Edition. We have minimal experience with Oracle so I'll defer to anyone who has used it. We are trying to decide if we should set up a single dual quad-core box or 2 individual quad-core boxes in a RAC configuration. Our DB right now is about 60 GB, and at our peak, we'll have up to 150 concurrent users. Most of the big stuff is done via batch processing at night. My gut tells me that having 2 boxes in a RAC configuration can't be a bad thing because it provides a true hardware failover solution. DB stored in a shared LUN on a SAN via iSCSI. Plus if we ever need to add capacity, we already have boxes in place that can be upgraded with extra procs (I assume with zero downtime, since it's set up in a RAC config) if we add extra licenses, or RAM. Does RAC have any performance penalties? Will it add extra latency? Is there any true advantage for having dual processor boxes running these systems? If we build out the Oracle boxes with special hardware: hardware iSCSI cards, TOE NICs, will these boxes be solid? We are deploying on 64-bit Windows. So what would you do? One box or two?

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• Throughput and why do ISPs sell too much bandwidth?

  - by jonescb

  I hope the question made sense how I worded it. :) I've been wondering, maximum theoretical bandwidth is measured as RWIN/RTT (Window size / round trip time) Source 1 and Souce 2 So if a major city only 100 miles away gives me a ping of 50ms, and I have the default 64kb TCP window size then my maximum throughput will be 12.5Mb/s. Everything further away would give me a higher ping and therefore a lower throughput. Is there any reason to buy something like FiOS with a 50Mb/s or greater connection? Will you ever be able to reach that kind of speed? I know you can increase the TCP window size to increase throughput, but it has to be at both ends which is a deal breaker because you can't control the server. I'm assuming other network protocols like UDP aren't quite as affected by latency as TCP is, but how much of overall network traffic does non-TCP make up vs TCP. Am I just misguided about how throughput works? But if the above is correct, then why should a consumer like me buy way more bandwidth than can be realistically used. Maybe the only reason is for downloading multiple things at once, or one thing from multiple servers/peers?

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• LMDE detects a wireless card, but can't use it

  - by Davidos

  LMDE can see my wireless card, and correctly identifies it, but it refuses to let me turn it on through the shiny graphical interface. Is there a way to use the non-shiny terminal to turn on my wireless? One small tidbit I noticed was the stated version; it says the version is 00. I believe that's hexadecimal for 0, which may indicate something screwy with the software. It would be nice if someone could tell me how to figure out how to solve this kind of problem in the future. *-network DISABLED description: Wireless interface product: Centrino Wireless-N 1000 vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 0 bus info: pci@0000:09:00.0 logical name: wlan0 version: 00 serial: 91:e3:7b:0d:a3:a9 width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list ethernet physical wireless configuration: broadcast=yes driver=iwlagn driverversion=3.0.0-1-amd64 firmware=39.31.5.1 build 35138 latency=0 link=no multicast=yes wireless=IEEE 802.11bgn resources: irq:43 memory:e1d00000-e1d01fff I've tested multiple other network managers, and none of them work. W ireless switch is on, I'm sure it's a driver problem.

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• nginx reverse proxy slows down my throughput by half

  - by Isaac A Mosquera

  I'm currently using nginx to proxy back to gunicorn with 8 workers. I'm using an amazon extra large instance with 4 virtual cores. When I connect to gunicorn directly I get about 10K requests/sec. When I serve a static file from nginx I get about 25 requests/sec. But when I place gunicorn behind nginx on the same physical server I get about 5K requests/sec. I understand there will be some latency from nginx, but I think there might be a problem since it's a 50% drops. Anybody heard of something similar? any help would be great! Here is the relevant nginx conf: worker_processes 4; worker_rlimit_nofile 30000; events { worker_connections 5120; } http { sendfile on; tcp_nopush on; tcp_nodelay on; keepalive_timeout 65; types_hash_max_size 2048; } sites-enabled/default: upstream backend { server 127.0.0.1:8000; } server { server_name api.domain.com ; location / { proxy_pass http://backend; proxy_buffering off; } }

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• fglrx-legacy-driver not seeing Radeon HD 4650 AGP

  - by Rocket Hazmat

  I am running Debian Squeeze on an old Dell Dimension 8300 box. It has an AGP Radeon HD 4650 card. I use this machine to mine bitcoins, and today I noticed that the machine had rebooted! My precious uptime! Anyway, my miner wouldn't start, so I figured might as well update my graphics driver, maybe that would fix the issue. I went to amd.com and downloaded the newest driver (12.6 legacy), but after installing it, aticonfig gave an error: aticonfig: No supported adapters detected I uninstalled the driver and figured I'd try to install it from apt. AMD has dropped support for the HD 4000 series in fglrx, forcing me to use fglrx-legacy-driver (currently only in experimental). In order to install this, I had to update libc6 (and some other important packages, like gcc), I had to use their wheezy versions. I finally got glrx-legacy-driver installed, but I still got: aticonfig: No supported adapters detected Why isn't the driver finding my video card? I have a hunch it has something to do with the fact that it's an AGP video card. Here is the output of lspci -v (why does it say Kernel driver in use: fglrx_pci?): 01:00.0 VGA compatible controller: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] nee ATI RV730 Pro AGP [Radeon HD 4600 Series] (prog-if 00 [VGA controller]) Subsystem: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] nee ATI Device 0028 Flags: bus master, 66MHz, medium devsel, latency 64, IRQ 16 Memory at e0000000 (32-bit, prefetchable) [size=256M] I/O ports at de00 [size=256] Memory at fe9f0000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=64K] Expansion ROM at fea00000 [disabled] [size=128K] Capabilities: [50] Power Management version 3 Capabilities: [58] AGP version 3.0 Kernel driver in use: fglrx_pci

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• Bind9 not doing anything with forwarded query responses?

  - by Rykaro

  I have a Bind DNS server that is the local production DNS server and a Windows 2008 R2 domain controller which provides DNS for a lab environment with the domain xyz.lab. I've configured the Bind DNS to forward DNS requests for the domain xyz.lab to the Windows DNS server with this config: zone "xyz.lab" { type forward; forward only; forwarders { x.x.x.x; }; }; zone "x.x.x.in-addr.arpa" { type forward; forward only; forwarders { x.x.x.x; }; }; And Bind options are (the all_internal acl includes the subnets of both the production and lab networks as well as the loopback of the bind server): allow-query { all_internal; }; allow-recursion { all_internal; }; allow-transfer { none; }; notify no; minimal-responses yes; version "unknown"; Unfortunately, when I do an nslookup or dig on the bind server for a host on the lab domain, the request times out. The logs on the Windows 2008 DNS server show it receiving the query and responding to it and a network packet trace shows the query responses arriving at the Bind DNS server. The servers reside on the same switch with a router providing connectivity between the layer 3 subnets (production and lab are on different subnets) and there is a round trip time of between 3ms and 5ms on pings between the two servers, so I don't think there is an issue with latency causing a timeout of the query. In summary a query-response arrives back at the Bind server and the nslookup/dig times-out. Why does the Bind DNS not seem to be doing anything with the query responses when it receives them?

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