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• Permission denied in Ubuntu

  - by gcc

  I have a file which includes new icons for my system. Anyway, How can I change my old icons down with new ones? The name of the new icon pack is "myFAV-TUX" and it's sitting on my desktop. The problem is, I can't copy them into the usr/share/icons/ folder. It says, permission denied. I also tried ls -l .... But i couldn't do it. How can I change the icon theme? Please help.

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• Building modules with linux kernel for custom flavor

  - by Chandan Apsangi

  I followed the instructions given in the link: http://blog.avirtualhome.com/how-to-compile-a-new-ubuntu-11-04-natty-kernel/ for building a custom kernel and booting it. Everything works fine, except that when building it, I used the option skipmodule=true (as given in this link), so I guess the modules are not built for this kernel. I'm saying this because after I installed the image (using dpkg -i), when I run 'ls -l' in the /lib/modules/2.6.38-11-i5 folder, all the files/folders except the 'kernel' folder have got updated (Btw, I had built it last time and it had worked fine,this is an update on the same kernel source). So is there some option/command that I missed that exports the modules as well? Thanks for your help.

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• How to rename multiple files by replacing word in file name geting from the shell script variables?

  - by fy6877

  This question like this thread. How to rename multiple files by replacing word in file name? My example is more complex than the above topic. The two variables are $name and $ newname getting from the shell script other location. $name and $ newname may have the unicode words or special symbles like []<?...etc,so could anyone help me to provide a method to add a part of script in shell scrit to solve file name replacing question. BTW,I try to type two kind of commands to change the part of file name, but it can't work. rename.ul '$name' '$newname' /home/fy6877/test/final/* ls /home/fy6877/test/final/|xargs -I$ rename.ul '$name' '$newname' $

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• How can I restore GRUB without a live CD?

  - by Looterguf

  I realize that this is a duplicate of a question asked before, but in that question the asker managed to find his live CD and no real answer appeared, thus I am re-asking it. I managed to screw up my GRUB by deleting two linux partitions on my hard drive from windows. After this, GRUB gives the error "partition not found", and gives me the grub-rescue prompt. The only command I have found to work in this is 'ls', which spits out my partitions. I would use the live CD fix, but I am in India, and all my live CDs are back home in the US... What I've got is an internet connection, a 4GB flash drive with Flow OS installed (which I am currently using but can wipe if need be), and a working laptop that I can borrow. What should I do?

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• Find command exclude files whose path match a certain pattern

  - by user40570

  I have a find command that looks for files that was modified recently and outputs the date find /path/on/server -mtime -1 -name '*.js' -exec ls -l {} \; I would like it to exclude any deeply nested folder that matches a certain pattern e.g. there are a number of folders that have a "statistics" directory and ".svn" directories. So i'd like to be able to say if the file that was modified yesterday is in a folder named statistics ignore it. Or perhaps not search for files in those folders at all.

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• scsi and ata entries for same hard drive under /dev/disk/by-id

  - by John Dibling

  I am trying to set up a ZFS pool using 4 bare drives which I have attached to my Ubuntu system via a SATA hot swap backplane. These are Hitachi SATA drives. When I list the contents of /dev/disk/by-id, I see two entries for each drive: root@scorpius:/dev/disk/by-id# ls | grep Hitachi ata-Hitachi_HDS5C3030ALA630_MJ1323YNG0ZJ7C ata-Hitachi_HDS5C3030ALA630_MJ1323YNG1064C ata-Hitachi_HDS5C3030ALA630_MJ1323YNG190AC ata-Hitachi_HDS5C3030ALA630_MJ1323YNG1DGPC scsi-SATA_Hitachi_HDS5C30_MJ1323YNG0ZJ7C scsi-SATA_Hitachi_HDS5C30_MJ1323YNG1064C scsi-SATA_Hitachi_HDS5C30_MJ1323YNG190AC scsi-SATA_Hitachi_HDS5C30_MJ1323YNG1DGPC I know these are the same drives because I wrote down the serial numbers, and all the other drives in this system are either Seagate or WD. The serial number for the first one, for example, is YNG0ZJ7C. Why are there two entries here for each drive? More to the point, when I create my ZFS pool which one should I use; the scsi- one or the ata- one?

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• Bonding and default gateway problem (CentOS)

  - by lg

  I configured network bonding on two machine with centos 5.5. Bonding works well, but the problem is default gateway: it is not configured! I follow this tutorial. I added GATEWAY in both (and either) /etc/sysconfig/network and /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-bond0. But, when I restart network (or server) there is no default gateway (route command). This is ip route ls output after network restart: 10.0.0.0/16 dev bond0 proto kernel scope link src 10.0.0.88 Where is my mistake?

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• how to get a decent emacs setup on linux

  - by Hersheezy

  I am currently interested in switching from vim to emacs. One of the more compelling reasons for this is the smooth integration with a unix environment. The most experienced emacs users I have seen have a bash prompt at the bottom of their window, with stdout going to a buffer right above it. They then interact with the output of programs such as grep in interesting ways. I am on Ubuntu 10.04 and the default emacs environment does not seem to do much for me in the way of integration. For example, in the M-x shell mode, output from basic commands like ls produce lots of strange characters and hitting the up arrow does not go to previous commands. Any recommendations on a good direction to go in?

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• Hot swap in Ubuntu Server not working

  - by druciferre

  I am running Ubuntu Server 10.04 (lucid lynx), and I just purchased a hot-swap compatible hdd bay and installed it. When I insert a hot-swappable SATA drive, the drive does not show up after running ls /dev/sd?. If I reboot the server, then after it comes back up the drive appears. I have checked /var/log/messages and nothing shows up when I insert the drive, only after rebooting. I have tried the following: $ sudo echo "0 0 0" > /sys/class/scsi_host/host4/scan $ sudo partprobe` $ sudo udevadm trigger Every answer I've found searching Google was one of the things I listed in "I have tried..." and I don't really know what to do at this point. Does anyone know why this occurring?

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• Workaround broken sudo?

  - by perreal

  I managed to break sudo by deleting the libc.so.6 sym-link in /lib. I copied the actual file and created a symbolic link with the same name under my home directory by using LD_PRELOAD=/lib/libc-2.11.3.so. At this point, all binaries linking libc are working through preload except sudo. For sudo, I need to write (and don't know why): $ /lib/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 --library-path . /usr/bin/sudo but this gives me: $ sudo: must be setuid root Checking the permissions: $ ls -l /usr/bin/sudo $ -rwsr-xr-x 2 root root 166120 So the setuid bit is actually set. Question: I need to create a symbolic link named /lib/libc.so.6 through my active ssh connection without using sudo, or, make sudo work somehow. I don't have the root password and I can't connect through ssh anymore. Is there any other way I can get authorization?

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• Sync Dropbox remotely

  - by David

  I have Dropbox on my Ubuntu desktop, and I am working remotely on my laptop. I would like to add files from my desktop to Dropbox and then access them on my laptop. So, I did the following: ssh tomydesktop ln -s myfile.txt ~/Dropbox/ and then when I ls ~/Dropbox myfile.txt shows up However, myfile.txt does not show up either on the Dropbox website version of the folder or on my laptop. Do I need to somehow "sync" the Dropbox folder from the desktop? I do not see any sync options on my laptop or on the website.

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• Is it possible to analyze the size of a SubVersion repository?

  - by BrianH

  Is it possible to know how much disk space each project in a SubVersion repository is using? I can check out a working copy of each project and look at the size each project takes up, but I don't think that encompasses the total size of the project (all revisions). I can look under the "db" directory of the repository, but none of the files in there make sense - I don't think it is possible to use them to figure out how much space each project occupies. I tried the svn ls --verbose command, but the size that it gives me is just the size of the actual files in the head revision, I don't think it includes all revisions. Maybe this isn't possible, but I thought I would ask. Thanks in advance!

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• Show symbolic links AND their targets in web directory listing (apache)

  - by Erwan Queffélec

  Listing a directory content with ls -l shows this output: total 12 drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Dec 11 16:38 2.3 drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 4096 Dec 11 16:38 2.4 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Dec 11 16:38 archive lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Dec 11 16:38 current -> 2.4/2.4.1/ lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Dec 11 16:38 next -> 2.4/2.4.2/ lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Dec 11 16:38 previous -> 2.4/2.4.0/ Notice how it shows the symbolic links and their respective targets. I need to know if there is a way of getting the same behaviour in apache directory browsing. If apache is not capable of it as I suspect, is there an application (FLOSS) providing that kind of behaviour ?

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• batch file to disable network share on Windows XP

  - by Robb

  Loosely related to this question Network Share causing Cygwin to run slowly after 'ls', I'd like to write a little batch file that I can execute to disconnect the host from any network shares and subsequently another batch file to reconnect. Ideally, this would be something that I can execute from a PuTTY terminal, SSHed into the box running cygwin. I'm pretty sure the batch files can be written easily, but I don't know about executing them from a PuTTY terminal. Regardless, I'd still like the batchfiles anyways. For the sake of simplicity my process would be: Log into server via PuTTY Run batch files to disconnect shares Do what I need to do Run batch files to reconnect shares Exit session, closing PuTTY

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• VNC server shows black screen with a X cursor

  - by user2656114

  Starting VNC server using vncserver :1, client can connect to the server but it shows only a black screen with a X cursor. Contents of .vnc/xstartup is: #!/bin/sh # Uncomment the following two lines for normal desktop: unset SESSION_MANAGER exec /etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc [ -x /etc/vnc/xstartup ] && exec /etc/vnc/xstartup [ -r $HOME/.Xresources ] && xrdb $HOME/.Xresources xsetroot -solid grey vncconfig -iconic & xterm -geometry 80x24+10+10 -ls -title "$VNCDESKTOP Desktop" & twm & Is it a problem with this?

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• Run totally silent rsync?

  - by jackr

  I have a cronjob that runs hourly, and is totally silent unless something goes wrong. Well ... almost ... A part of the job is rsync --del -Cacqrz public/. [email protected]:/target/path This always prints "logged in". How can I make it stop? (Short of 'grep -v' ;-) I don't get the "logged in" message if I do things like ssh [email protected] ls The transport is, of course, ssh (using keys). Source host is either OSX or Ubuntu (tried both, same behavior). Target host is Linux of some flavor.

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• grub boot failed after upgrading to ubuntu 12.04 LTS

  - by user138021

  no such disk error occured. I tried to format and reinstall 12.04, the problem remained. I also repaired with boot-repair, the problem remained. http://paste.ubuntu.com/1224005/ is url of the details. server is dell R710, the bios is set to uefi and disk is raid0 gpt. I typed commands in grub rescue: ls (hd0, gpt2), `no such partition' is shown set, `prefix=((null),gpt2)/grub' is shown I don't know why /efi/ubuntu/grubx64.efi doesn't recognize disk. another strange thing is that there is only 1 file in /efi/ubuntu

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• vsftpd per group configuration

  - by roqs

  I want to configure a vsftpd in a per group fashion instead of per user configuration. It's possible? Suppose i have two groups: groupA and groupB, so my goal is: users in groupA have permission (wrx) to all files in directory dir1 users in groupB have permission (wrx) to all files in directory dir2 users of the system have permission (wrx) to all files in directory dir3 For example: ftp@test:/home/ftp# ls -l drwxrwxr-x 16 root groupA 4096 Jun 3 10:45 dir1 drwxrwxr-x 2 root groupB 4096 Jun 3 10:56 dir2 drwxrwxr-x 8 root users 4096 Jun 3 11:01 dir3 How to do that with vsftpd?

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• How do I copy ACLs on Mac OS X?

  - by MagerValp

  Most unix derivates can copy ACLs from one file to another with: getfacl filename1 | setfacl -f - filename2 Unfortunately Mac OS X does not have the getfacl and setfacl commands, as they have rolled ACL handling into chmod. chmod -E accepts a list of ACLs on stdin, but I haven't found a command that will spit out ACLs in a suitable format on stdout. The best I have come up with is: ls -led filename1 | tail +2 | sed 's/^ *[0-9][0-9]*: *//' | chmod -E filename2 Is there a more robust solution? Bonus question: is there a nice way to do it in Python, without using any modules that aren't shipped with 10.6?

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• Directories will list, but are not recognize by cd

  - by mdimond

  New to terminal and having problems out of the gate. Using Terminal 2.1.2 on a Mac running 10.6.8. Using the "ls Documents" will list the contents, but when I try to change directories, which I tried several different ways, I get the following results: new-host-2:~ MDimond$ cd. -bash: cd.: command not found new-host-2:~ MDimond$ cd./Users/MDimond/Documents -bash: cd./Users/MDimond/Documents: No such file or directory new-host-2:~ MDimond$ cd. /Documents -bash: cd.: command not found The /usr/bin has the cd command listed; the /bin does not. Any assistance would be greatly appreciated. Thanks, md

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• How to log php error in a separate file?

  - by Question Overflow

  I just did an upgrade of my server to Fedora 17 and merged some configuration files containing .rpmnew into the existing ones. I have been successfully logging my php errors in a separate log file by keeping the following in php.ini: log_errors = On error_log = /var/log/php-errors.log I am not sure why the errors are being logged to /var/log/httpd/error_log after the upgrade despite keeping the settings above. Also, $ ls -l /var/log/php-errors.log -rwxrwxr--. 1 apache myself 232 Dec 13 16:49 /var/log/php-errors.log shows that apache did own the php error log file. What could be causing PHP errors to be logged into apache error log file?

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• How do you delete a directory you don't own in an NFS directory you do?

  - by John Ellinwood

  There should be a simple answer to this, but I can't find it. ~me/work>ls -la drwxrwxr-x 3 me mygroup . drwxrwxr-x 3 me mygroup .. drwxrwxr-x 3 me mygroup folder1 drwxr-xr-x 3 person2 mygroup folder2 This is in my home directory, which is an automounted NFS. Somebody in my group created folder2 in my home directory and then left for vacation. I can't delete the folder... I can't move it... can't change permissions on it. How can I get rid of it? My sysadmin has no clue.

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• cd ~ dumps me in a seemingly empty directory

  - by Davidos

  This is on a Linux mint box. I'm told everywhere to use the command cd ~ To switch to the root directory before doing some command line magic. For some reason though, it dumps me in a directory named ~ where ls gives nothing and I can't get back to my home directory; I have to restart the terminal session to get out of the empty root directory. I'm positive that everything is just hidden to me, but even as a super-user I can't get the folders to show themselves. I usually just fall back to using a graphical file browser to roam those forbidden files, but I've recently just been shut out of my root directory, and the machine refuses to allow me to change the permissions on the stupid thing even when I type the root password in. It may just be some over-rigorous end-user shielding on the part of the mint team, but it's getting to be really frustrating now.

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• How do I get transparent, efficient, file system snapshotting or versioning on ext3/4?

  - by shovas

  I've long thought about versioning file systems. This is a killer feature and I've looked at Wayback, ext3cow, zfs, fuse solutions, or just cvs/svn/git overlays. I consider ext3cow the model for my requirements. Transparent, efficient, but I can do without the extra ls abc@timestamp feature. As long as I somehow get automated, transparent versioning of my files. It could be instantaneous or it could be based on snapshots on intervals of 10s, 30s, 1m, 5m, 15m, etc. Just something that will efficiently deal with thousands of files in a given directory all of various sizes, most small, but some upwards of 100m to 1gb. ZFS isn't really an option as I'm on linux (and would prefer not to use it through fuse as I already have an ext3 setup I want to version, not something new). What solutions are out there?

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• Apache logs other user read permissions

  - by user2344668

  We have several developers who maintain the system and I want them to easily read the log files in /var/log/httpd without needing root access. I set the read permission for 'other' users but when I run tail on the log files I get permission denied: [root@ourserver httpd]# chmod -R go+r /var/log/httpd [root@ourserver httpd]# ls -la drwxr--r-- 13 root root 4096 Oct 25 03:31 . drwxr-xr-x. 6 root root 4096 Oct 20 03:24 .. drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Oct 20 03:24 oursite.com drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Oct 20 03:24 oursite2.com -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 May 7 03:46 access_log -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3446 Oct 24 22:05 error_log [me@ourserver ~]$ tail -f /var/log/httpd/oursite.com/error.log tail: cannot open `/var/log/httpd/oursite/error.log' for reading: Permission denied Maybe I'm missing something on how permissions work but I'm not finding any easy answers on it.

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