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• Why won't USB 3.0 external hard drive run at USB 3.0 speeds?

  - by jgottula

  I recently purchased a PCI Express x1 USB 3.0 controller card (containing the NEC USB 3.0 controller) with the intent of using a USB 3.0 external hard drive with my Linux box. I installed the card in an empty PCIe slot on my motherboard, connected the card to a power cable, strung a USB 3.0 cable between one of the new ports and my external HDD, and connected the HDD to a wall socket for power. Booting the system, the drive works 100% as intended, with the one exception of throughput: rather than using SuperSpeed 4.8 Gbps connectivity, it seems to be falling back to High Speed 480 Mbps USB 2.0-style throughput. Disk Utility shows it as a 480 Mbps device, and running a couple Disk Utility and dd benchmarks confirms that the drive fails to exceed ~40 MB/s (the approximate limit of USB 2.0), despite it being an SSD capable of far more than that. When I connect my USB 3.0 HDD, dmesg shows this: [ 3923.280018] usb 3-2: new high speed USB device using ehci_hcd and address 6 where I would expect to find this: [ 3923.280018] usb 3-2: new SuperSpeed USB device using xhci_hcd and address 6 My system was running on kernel 2.6.35-25-generic at the time. Then, I stumbled upon this forum thread by an individual who found that a bug, which was present in kernels prior to 2.6.37-rc5, could be the culprit for this type of problem. Consequently, I installed the 2.6.37-generic mainline Ubuntu kernel to determine if the problem would go away. It didn't, so I tried 2.6.38-rc3-generic, and even the 2.6.38 nightly from 2010.02.01, to no avail. In short, I'm trying to determine why, with USB 3.0 support in the kernel, my USB 3.0 drive fails to run at full SuperSpeed throughput. See the comments under this question for additional details. Output that might be relevant to the problem (when booting from 2.6.38-rc3): Relevant lines from dmesg: [ 19.589491] xhci_hcd 0000:03:00.0: PCI INT A -> GSI 17 (level, low) -> IRQ 17 [ 19.589512] xhci_hcd 0000:03:00.0: setting latency timer to 64 [ 19.589516] xhci_hcd 0000:03:00.0: xHCI Host Controller [ 19.589623] xhci_hcd 0000:03:00.0: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 12 [ 19.650492] xhci_hcd 0000:03:00.0: irq 17, io mem 0xf8100000 [ 19.650556] xhci_hcd 0000:03:00.0: irq 47 for MSI/MSI-X [ 19.650560] xhci_hcd 0000:03:00.0: irq 48 for MSI/MSI-X [ 19.650563] xhci_hcd 0000:03:00.0: irq 49 for MSI/MSI-X [ 19.653946] xHCI xhci_add_endpoint called for root hub [ 19.653948] xHCI xhci_check_bandwidth called for root hub Relevant section of sudo lspci -v: 03:00.0 USB Controller: NEC Corporation uPD720200 USB 3.0 Host Controller (rev 03) (prog-if 30) Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 17 Memory at f8100000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=8K] Capabilities: [50] Power Management version 3 Capabilities: [70] MSI: Enable- Count=1/8 Maskable- 64bit+ Capabilities: [90] MSI-X: Enable+ Count=8 Masked- Capabilities: [a0] Express Endpoint, MSI 00 Capabilities: [100] Advanced Error Reporting Capabilities: [140] Device Serial Number ff-ff-ff-ff-ff-ff-ff-ff Capabilities: [150] #18 Kernel driver in use: xhci_hcd Kernel modules: xhci-hcd Relevant section of sudo lsusb -v: Bus 012 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0003 Linux Foundation 3.0 root hub Device Descriptor: bLength 18 bDescriptorType 1 bcdUSB 3.00 bDeviceClass 9 Hub bDeviceSubClass 0 Unused bDeviceProtocol 3 bMaxPacketSize0 9 idVendor 0x1d6b Linux Foundation idProduct 0x0003 3.0 root hub bcdDevice 2.06 iManufacturer 3 Linux 2.6.38-020638rc3-generic xhci_hcd iProduct 2 xHCI Host Controller iSerial 1 0000:03:00.0 bNumConfigurations 1 Configuration Descriptor: bLength 9 bDescriptorType 2 wTotalLength 25 bNumInterfaces 1 bConfigurationValue 1 iConfiguration 0 bmAttributes 0xe0 Self Powered Remote Wakeup MaxPower 0mA Interface Descriptor: bLength 9 bDescriptorType 4 bInterfaceNumber 0 bAlternateSetting 0 bNumEndpoints 1 bInterfaceClass 9 Hub bInterfaceSubClass 0 Unused bInterfaceProtocol 0 Full speed (or root) hub iInterface 0 Endpoint Descriptor: bLength 7 bDescriptorType 5 bEndpointAddress 0x81 EP 1 IN bmAttributes 3 Transfer Type Interrupt Synch Type None Usage Type Data wMaxPacketSize 0x0004 1x 4 bytes bInterval 12 Hub Descriptor: bLength 9 bDescriptorType 41 nNbrPorts 4 wHubCharacteristic 0x0009 Per-port power switching Per-port overcurrent protection TT think time 8 FS bits bPwrOn2PwrGood 10 * 2 milli seconds bHubContrCurrent 0 milli Ampere DeviceRemovable 0x00 PortPwrCtrlMask 0xff Hub Port Status: Port 1: 0000.0100 power Port 2: 0000.0100 power Port 3: 0000.0100 power Port 4: 0000.0100 power Device Status: 0x0003 Self Powered Remote Wakeup Enabled Full, non-verbose lsusb: Bus 012 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0003 Linux Foundation 3.0 root hub Bus 011 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub Bus 010 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub Bus 009 Device 003: ID 04d9:0702 Holtek Semiconductor, Inc. Bus 009 Device 002: ID 046d:c068 Logitech, Inc. G500 Laser Mouse Bus 009 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub Bus 008 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub Bus 007 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub Bus 006 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub Bus 005 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub Bus 004 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub Bus 003 Device 006: ID 174c:5106 ASMedia Technology Inc. Bus 003 Device 004: ID 0bda:0151 Realtek Semiconductor Corp. Mass Storage Device (Multicard Reader) Bus 003 Device 002: ID 058f:6366 Alcor Micro Corp. Multi Flash Reader Bus 003 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub Bus 002 Device 006: ID 1687:0163 Kingmax Digital Inc. Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub Bus 001 Device 002: ID 046d:081b Logitech, Inc. Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub Full output: full dmesg full lspci full lsusb

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• 10.04 wont boot after power outage

  - by Pat

  After unexpected power outage 10.04 won't boot, the following message appears mount: mounting /dev/disk/by-uuid/***************************** on /root failed: Invalid argument mount: mounting /sys on /root/sys failed: No such file or directory mount: mounting /dev on /root/dev failed: No such file or directory mount: mounting /sys on /root/sys failed: No such file or directory mount: mounting /proc on /root/proc failed: No such file or directory Target file system doesn't have /sbin/init No init found. Try passing init= bootarg Busybox v1.13.3 (Ubuntu 1:1.13.3-1ubuntu7) built-in shell (ash) Enter 'help' for a list of built-in commands (initramfs) _ I have tried rebooting from a liveCD but it wont boot and I cannot open a terminal to try to fix it by sudo fdisk -l as recommended on other posts. Any help would be greatly appreciated

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• Strategies for removing register_globals from a file

  - by Jonathan Rich

  I have a file (or rather, a list of about 100 files) in my website's repository that is still requiring the use of register_globals and other nastiness (like custom error reporting, etc) because the code is so bad, throws notices, and is 100% procedural with few subroutines. We want to move to PHP 5.4 (and eventually 5.5) this year, but can't until we can port these files over, clean them up, etc. The average file length is about 1000 lines. I've already cleaned up a few of the low-hanging fruit, however the job took almost an entire day for 2 300-500 line files. I am in a quagmire here (giggity). Anyway, has anyone else dealt with this in the past? Are there any strategies besides tracing backwards through the code? Most static analysis tools don't look at code outside of functions - are there any that will look at the procedural code and help find at least some of the problems?

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• Speed up ssh login using public key down to 0.1sec

  - by BarsMonster

  Hi! I am using Putty to login to my local server, but it takes about 1.5 seconds to login (from the click on 'connect' to working command prompt, most of time is spend on "Authenticating with public key..."). I know many see even slower speeds, but I would like to have not more than 0.1 login time. I already set UseDNS=no and allowed only IPv4 in putty client and reduced key length from 4k down to 1k. Any other suggestions to speed it further?

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• How to fix "error: unknown file system" on all available partitions

  - by Jonathan

  I've had a running problem with removing Linux from my Windows 7 laptop. Initially, it was installed as a dual-boot, and worked well. To remove, I deleted the partitions on my laptop. This removed grub, and I was left with needing to enter: set root=... set prefix=... insmod normal normal each restart. I didn't restore the Windows boot-loader and have since re-partitioned my drive. Now, upon reaching the command prompt screen, an ls query showshd0, with three partitions, but none of them have a recognizable boot-loader as each returns with error: unknown file system. Booting from a Windows 7 rescue disk doesn't seem to work, as it sends me to the same command prompt terminal. All I'm looking to do is restore the boot-loader, either grub or Windows 7. Any help would be appreciated. Thanks in advance.

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• Handy Javascript array Extensions &ndash; contains(&hellip;)

  - by Liam McLennan

  This javascript adds a method to javascript arrays that returns a boolean indicating if the supplied object is an element of the array Array.prototype.contains = function(item) { for (var i = 0; i < this.length; i += 1) { if (this[i] === item) { return true; } } return false; }; To test alert([1,1,1,2,2,22,3,4,5,6,7,5,4].contains(2)); // true alert([1,1,1,2,2,22,3,4,5,6,7,5,4].contains(99)); // false

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• Should I sacrifice code succintness to ensure the narrowest variable scope? [duplicate]

  - by David Scholefield

  This question already has an answer here: Is the usage of internal scope blocks within a function bad style? 3 answers In many languages (e.g. both Perl and Java - which are the two languages I work most with) it is possible to narrow the scope of local variables by declaring them within a block. Although it adds extra code length (the opening and closing block braces), and possibly reduces readability, should I create blocks purely to narrow the scope of variables to the statements that use the variables and to uphold the principle of narrowest scope or does this sacrifice succinctness and readability just to unnecessarily uphold an agreed 'best practice' principle? I usually declare local variables to functions/methods at the start of the function to aid readability, but I could not do this, and just create blocks throughout the function and declare the variables throughout the code - within those blocks - to narrow their scope.

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• Is shared hosting enough for feed reader app?

  - by Mahdi

  I'm developing an Feed reader app. Feeds are downloaded to my server when someone requests it. then they download to user's computer. There will be 1-2 minutes cache for popular feeds. We expect that there will be 1000-5000 users (that use our app) Is a shared hosting (which currently serves almost 100 website, and it will serve 500 websites at maximum) enough for this purpose? or we should look for VPS or Dedicated hosting? Note: Our shared hosting plan has unlimited disk space and unlimited bandwidth.

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• Please Help to bring back power to my machine

  - by Acess Denied

  I Have a samsung N150plus netbook That I have been using for a while now. I left it on and plugged to a wall outlet and went to bed. I dual boot ubuntu and win7. I tried to update the win7 to sp1 and I dozed off. I woke up and saw the machine has been booted to ubuntu and logged in as guest, which translate to mean one of my room mates have tried to use the machine and they all have denied using my machine. I tried to reboot to windows and then it appears to have no cpu, hard disk and cpu fan activity. only one led seems to come on when i plug it in. its only the led that indicate the machine is powered on powers steadily. I really cant afford to buy a new machine now and I need the machine to complete my last project in school for my last year. Help Please

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• How do history generation algorithms work?

  - by Bane

  I heard of the game Dwarf Fortress, but only now one of the people I follow on Youtube made a commentary on it... I was more than surprised when I noticed how Dwarf Fortress actually generates a history for the world! Now, how do these algorithms work? What do they usually take as input, except the length of the simulation? How specific can they be? And more importantly; can they be made in Javascript, or is Javascript too slow? (I guess this depends on the depth of the simulation, but take Dwarf Fortress as an example.)

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• Serializing Data Structures in C

  - by src

  I've recently read three separate books on algorithms and data structures, tcp/ip socket programming, and programming with memory. The book about memory briefly discussed the topic of serializing data structures for the purposes of storing it to disk, or sending it across a network. I can't help but wonder why the the other two books didn't discuss serialization at all. After an unsuccessful web/book search I'm left wondering where I can find a good book/paper/tutorial on serializing data structures in C? Where or how did you learn it?

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• assistance recovering/reinstalling/installing ubuntu and win7

  - by razzrat

  New computer with Windows 7 installed, I defrag, shrink, re-boot from Ubuntu LiveUSB, go to gparted and look at partitions before installing Ubuntu....for some reason Win7 is still taking up 400G of my HD! I resized partition down with gparted, exit and yes of course I can't boot into Windows. When I go to install Ubuntu in new large unallocated space I get a blank screen at the point you are asked what kind of installation you want. I have Ubuntu 12.04 LiveUSB, Windows 7 re-installation disk and driver disks also. The HDD currently has 3 allocated partitions: 'diag' fat16, 'recovery' ntfs and 'OS' ntfs which has a red '!' next to it.

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• Google Chrome side by side stable beta unstable. How to approach?

  - by sobi3ch

  I have the stable version of Google Chrome on my box. And each time I'm trying to install beta or/and unstable versions then I run into the same problem: The following packages will be REMOVED google-chrome-stable The following NEW packages will be installed google-chrome-beta 0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 1 to remove and 0 not upgraded. Need to get 34.5 MB of archives. After this operation, 3,109 kB of additional disk space will be used. Do you want to continue [Y/n]? I need to remove the first version before installing another. How can I install stable and beta (and maybe unstable as well) next to each other?

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• Looking for a non-cryptographic hash function that returns a single character

  - by makerofthings7

  Suppose I have a dictionary of ASCII words stored in uppercase. I also want to save those words into separate files so that the total word count of each file is approximately the same. By simply looking at the word I need to know which file it should be in (if it's there at all). Duplicate words should go into the same file and overwrite the last one. My first attempt at solving this problem is to use .NET's object.GetHashCode() function and .Trim() to get one of the "random" characters that pop up. I asked a similar question here If I only use one character of object.GetHashCode() I would get a hash code character of A..Z or 0..9. However saving the result of GetHashCode to disk is a no-no so I need a substitute. Question: What algorithm (or subset of an algorithm) is appropriate for pigeonholing strings into a single character or range of characters (Like hex 0..F offers 16 chars)? Real world usage: I'll use this answer to modify the Partition key used in Azure Table storage as described here

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• Storing documents in DMS

  - by Shaza

  I need your opinions and suggestions about storing documents in a DMS system. I think the DMS should save its own copies of the documents, not their original path on the disk. So, the DMS should have its own space to write on. But what about the way they're stored? Do they have their own extension different from the original one? What about the algorithm that stores them? What about the algorithm that retrieves them? What do you suggest??

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• Why can't get past the user info screen when installing 10.10?

  - by Faceless

  I have a Dell Inspiron 1318 (07-08?) with an Intel Cored 2 Duo Processor and 3 GB of RAM. I can run Ubuntu 10.10 from the disk, but I've tried to install it three times with no success. As the files are installing, the program asks me to enter my user information. I'm fine through the time zone screen, and fine through the keyboard screen. But when it asks me to set my used name and password, the "next" button stays ghosted out no matter what I enter. Eventually, the installation gets to the point where it says it's waiting for me, but no matter what I do I can't get the "next" button to click. I'm a complete newbie, and I've been stuck at the same spot three times. If anyone has any idea what's going wrong, I'd love to hear about it.

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• Why are UUID / GUID's in the format they are?

  - by Xeoncross

  Globally Unique Identifiers (GUID) are a grouped string with a specific format which I assume has a security reason. A GUID is most commonly written in text as a sequence of hexadecimal digits separated into five groups, such as: 3F2504E0-4F89-11D3-9A0C-0305E82C3301 Why aren't GUID/UUID strings just random bytes encoded using hexadecimal of X length? This text notation contains the following fields, separated by hyphens: | Hex digits | Description |------------------------- | 8 | Data1 | 4 | Data2 | 4 | Data3 | 4 | Initial two bytes from Data4 | 12 | Remaining six bytes from Data4 There are also several versions of the UUID standards. Version 4 UUIDs are generally internally stored as a raw array of 128 bits, and typically displayed in a format something like: uuid:xxxxxxxx-xxxx-4xxx-yxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx

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• Better way to search for text in two columns

  - by David

  Here is the scenario. I am making a custom blogging software for my site. I am implementing a search feature. It's not very sophisticated - basically it just takes the search phrase entered and runs this query: $query="SELECT * FROM `blog` WHERE `title` LIKE '%$q%' OR `post` LIKE '%$q%'"; Which is meant to simply search the title and post body for the phrase entered. Is there a better way to do that, keeping in mind how long it would take to run the query on up to 100 rows, each with a post length of up to 1500 characters? I have considered using a LIMIT statement to (sometimes) restrict the number of rows that the query would examine. Good idea?

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• How to obtain a list of installed packages based on a backup?

  - by ujjain

  I have made a backup of my entire computer and I reinstalled the OS right now. I know I should have listed dpkg -l to obtain a list of packages, but I have not done so. I only made a tarball of the entire disk. I wonder how I can find a list of packages based on this data. I would like to have the same packages installed that I had on my previous set-up. But there seems no longer a way to gain a list of packages, since I already reinstalled Ubuntu on the computer and only have the tarball back-up.

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• I loose some directories when i upgrade from Ubuntu 11.10 to 12.04

  - by maythux

  last day i upgraded my ubunut 11.10 desktop to ubuntu 12.04. I was running a KVM virtual about 7 machines and managed by virt-manage software.... anyway when i finished upgrading i found that virt-manager is not working so i have to reconfigure it again and install some other missing packages that was deleted!!!! anyway i solve this issue...then i started to restore my virtual machines i restore 2 machines without any problems the third and fourth ones (windows) make a check disk that takes more that 6 hours but finally it works... other machines i cant find their attached hard disks i don't know what happens but i cant found that files. 1- upgrading delete files!?!! 2- Is there anyway to restore those files? thanks in advance

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• Setting a leader from a sprite array

  - by Craig

  I'm looking to set a leader from an array of sprites, I keep on getting a NullReferenceException was unhandled error from within my main game class when calling the UpdateMouse Method. What have I dont wrong here? class MouseSprite { Random random = new Random(); private MouseSprite leader; public void UpdateBoundaryBox() { mouseBounds.X = (int)mousePosition.X - mouseTexture.Width / 2; mouseBounds.Y = (int)mousePosition.Y - mouseTexture.Height / 2; } public void UpdateMouse(Vector2 position, MouseSprite [] mice, int numberMice, int index) { Vector2 catPosition = position; int enemies = numberMice; this.alive = true; mice[random.Next(0, mice.Length)] = leader;

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• File system layout for multiple build targets

  - by Yttrill

  I am seeking some ideas for how to build and install software with some parameters. These including target OS, target platform CPU details, debugging variant, etc. Some parts of the install are shared, such as documentation and many platform independent files, others are not, such as 64 and 32 bit libraries when these are separated and not together in a multi-arch library. On big networked platforms one often has multiple computers sharing some large server space, so there is actually cause to have even Windows and Unix binaries on the same disk. My product has already fixed an install philosophy of $INSTALL_ROOT/genericname/version/ so that multiple versions can coexist. The question is: how to manage the layout of all the other stuff?

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• Reboot to fail safe mode when root file system is full

  - by Richard

  I have a system running on a 4GB Nandrive. When the drive is full, Ubuntu will not boot :( and I have to plug in a rescue thumbdrive to delete files. The problem is the hardware is not easily accessible except via network. Is there a sure-fire way to boot Ubuntu, say, to RAM or other means when the disk is full or on any other errors in the normal boot process? In other words, is there a fallback rescue boot mode with networking? Thanks for any advice.

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• Grub errors dual boot Windows 8 / Ubuntu 12.10

  - by luca-mastro

  I have got a newly bought ASUS N56V with Windows 8 preinstalled. I needed to install Ubuntu so i partitioned the disk and after having disabled the Secure Boot option from Windows 8 i successfully installed Ubuntu 12.10 from a Live USB. The problem is that if i try to access both to Windows 8 (loader) and Windows Recovery System (loader) from the grub menu, these tow errors show: "can't find command 'drivemap' " and "invalid EFI file path" and it goes back to the grub menu. In conclusion I do not have access to my Windows 8 partition but can only use Ubuntu. How can I solve the problem? I am pretty new to the matter. Thank you!

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• Bit copy of encrypted home and other partitions

  - by Mka

  My laptop is overheating so I need to save all my files before I format the hard drive. I learned how to copy dev/sdX using dd command. However, I am not sure what to copy. Picture from GParted here: http://is.muni.cz/www/256590/fig.png should I copy sda5 and sda6 only? Or sda2 and sda1? I do not need to use these data on another disk, I just want to be able to access them - therefore I want to put them on external hard drive. And last question - how I will then mount my encrypted home? Will it work? Thanks a lot!

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