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  • Mixing Matplotlib patches with polar plot?

    - by Roger
    I'm trying to plot some data in polar coordinates, but I don't want the standard ticks, labels, axes, etc. that you get with the Matplotlib polar() function. All I want is the raw plot and nothing else, as I'm handling everything with manually drawn patches and lines. Here are the options I've considered: 1) Drawing the data with polar(), hiding the superfluous stuff (with ax.axes.get_xaxis().set_visible(False), etc.) and then drawing my own axes (with Line2D, Circle, etc.). The problem is when I call polar() and subsequently add a Circle patch, it's drawn in polar coordinates and ends up looking like an infinity symbol. Also zooming doesn't seem to work with the polar() function. 2) Skip the polar() function and somehow make my own polar plot manually using Line2D. The problem is I don't know how to make Line2D draw in polar coordinates and haven't figured out how to use a transform to do that. Any idea how I should proceed?

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  • How to check wether a path represented by a QString with german umlauts exists?

    - by MB
    Hey, i get a QString which represents a directory from a QLineEdit. Now i want to check wether a certain file exists in this directory. But if i try this with os.path.exists and os.path.join and get in trouble when german umlauts occur in the directory path: #the direcory coming from the user input in the QLineEdit #i take this QString to the local 8-Bit encoding and then make #a string from it target_dir = str(lineEdit.text().toLocal8Bit()) #the file name that should be checked for file_name = 'some-name.txt' #this fails with a UnicodeDecodeError when a umlaut occurs in target_dir os.path.exists(os.path.join(target_dir, file_name)) How would you check if the file exists, when you might encounter german umlauts?

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  • Non standard interaction among two tables to avoid very large merge

    - by riko
    Suppose I have two tables A and B. Table A has a multi-level index (a, b) and one column (ts). b determines univocally ts. A = pd.DataFrame( [('a', 'x', 4), ('a', 'y', 6), ('a', 'z', 5), ('b', 'x', 4), ('b', 'z', 5), ('c', 'y', 6)], columns=['a', 'b', 'ts']).set_index(['a', 'b']) AA = A.reset_index() Table B is another one-column (ts) table with non-unique index (a). The ts's are sorted "inside" each group, i.e., B.ix[x] is sorted for each x. Moreover, there is always a value in B.ix[x] that is greater than or equal to the values in A. B = pd.DataFrame( dict(a=list('aaaaabbcccccc'), ts=[1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 7, 8, 1, 2, 4, 5, 8, 9])).set_index('a') The semantics in this is that B contains observations of occurrences of an event of type indicated by the index. I would like to find from B the timestamp of the first occurrence of each event type after the timestamp specified in A for each value of b. In other words, I would like to get a table with the same shape of A, that instead of ts contains the "minimum value occurring after ts" as specified by table B. So, my goal would be: C: ('a', 'x') 4 ('a', 'y') 7 ('a', 'z') 5 ('b', 'x') 7 ('b', 'z') 7 ('c', 'y') 8 I have some working code, but is terribly slow. C = AA.apply(lambda row: ( row[0], row[1], B.ix[row[0]].irow(np.searchsorted(B.ts[row[0]], row[2]))), axis=1).set_index(['a', 'b']) Profiling shows the culprit is obviously B.ix[row[0]].irow(np.searchsorted(B.ts[row[0]], row[2]))). However, standard solutions using merge/join would take too much RAM in the long run. Consider that now I have 1000 a's, assume constant the average number of b's per a (probably 100-200), and consider that the number of observations per a is probably in the order of 300. In production I will have 1000 more a's. 1,000,000 x 200 x 300 = 60,000,000,000 rows may be a bit too much to keep in RAM, especially considering that the data I need is perfectly described by a C like the one I discussed above. How would I improve the performance?

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  • A good data model for finding a user's favorite stories

    - by wings
    Original Design Here's how I originally had my Models set up: class UserData(db.Model): user = db.UserProperty() favorites = db.ListProperty(db.Key) # list of story keys # ... class Story(db.Model): title = db.StringProperty() # ... On every page that displayed a story I would query UserData for the current user: user_data = UserData.all().filter('user =' users.get_current_user()).get() story_is_favorited = (story in user_data.favorites) New Design After watching this talk: Google I/O 2009 - Scalable, Complex Apps on App Engine, I wondered if I could set things up more efficiently. class FavoriteIndex(db.Model): favorited_by = db.StringListProperty() The Story Model is the same, but I got rid of the UserData Model. Each instance of the new FavoriteIndex Model has a Story instance as a parent. And each FavoriteIndex stores a list of user id's in it's favorited_by property. If I want to find all of the stories that have been favorited by a certain user: index_keys = FavoriteIndex.all(keys_only=True).filter('favorited_by =', users.get_current_user().user_id()) story_keys = [k.parent() for k in index_keys] stories = db.get(story_keys) This approach avoids the serialization/deserialization that's otherwise associated with the ListProperty. Efficiency vs Simplicity I'm not sure how efficient the new design is, especially after a user decides to favorite 300 stories, but here's why I like it: A favorited story is associated with a user, not with her user data On a page where I display a story, it's pretty easy to ask the story if it's been favorited (without calling up a separate entity filled with user data). fav_index = FavoriteIndex.all().ancestor(story).get() fav_of_current_user = users.get_current_user().user_id() in fav_index.favorited_by It's also easy to get a list of all the users who have favorited a story (using the method in #2) Is there an easier way? Please help. How is this kind of thing normally done?

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  • Reset selection of wx.lib.calendar.Calendar control?

    - by Joseph
    I have a wx.lib.calendar.Calendar control (not wx.lib.calendar.CalendarCtrl!). I am selecting a number of days using the following function call: self.cal.AddSelect([days], 'green', 'white') This works, and draws the days highlighted. However, I cannot work out how to reverse this (i.e., clear the selection so the days go back to their normal colouring). Any hints, please?

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  • Can I get the amount of time for which a key is pressed on a keyboard

    - by Adi
    Dear all, I am working on a project in which I have to develop bio-passwords based on user's keystroke style. Suppose a user types a password for 20 times, his keystrokes are recorded, like holdtime : time for which a particular key is pressed. digraph time : time it takes to press a different key. suppose a user types a password " COMPUTER". I need to know the time for which every key is pressed. something like : holdtime for the above password is C-- 200ms O-- 130ms M-- 150ms P-- 175ms U-- 320ms T-- 230ms E-- 120ms R-- 300ms The rational behind this is , every user will have a different holdtime. Say a old person is typing the password, he will take more time then a student. And it will be unique to a particular person. To do this project, I need to record the time for each key pressed. I would greatly appreciate if anyone can guide me in how to get these times. Editing from here.. Language is not important, but I would prefer it in C. I am more interested in getting the dataset.

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  • How to cutomize a modelform widget in django 1.1?

    - by muudscope
    I'm trying to modify a django form to use a textarea instead of a normal input for the "address" field in my house form. The docs seem to imply this changed from django 1.1 (which I'm using) to 1.2. But neither approach is working for me. Here's what I've tried: class HouseForm(forms.ModelForm): address = forms.Textarea() # Should work with django 1.1, but doesn't class Meta: model = House #widgets = { 'address': forms.Textarea() } # 1.2 style - doesn't work either.

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  • Django Piston - how can I create custom methods?

    - by orokusaki
    I put my questions in the code comments for clarity: from piston.handler import AnonymousBaseHandler class AnonymousAPITest(AnonymousBaseHandler): fields = ('update_subscription',) def update_subscription(self, request, months): # Do some stuff here to update a subscription based on the # number of months provided. # How the heck can I call this method? return {'msg': 'Your subscription has been updated!'} def read(self, request): return { 'msg': 'Why would I need a read() method on a fully custom API?' }

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  • Rewriting Live TCP/IP (Layer 4) (i.e. Socket Layer) Streams

    - by user213060
    I have a simple problem which I'm sure someone here has done before... I want to rewrite Layer 4 TCP/IP streams (Not lower layer individual packets or frames.) Ettercap's etterfilter command lets you perform simple live replacements of Layer 4 TCP/IP streams based on fixed strings or regexes. Example ettercap scripting code: if (ip.proto == TCP && tcp.dst == 80) { if (search(DATA.data, "gzip")) { replace("gzip", " "); msg("whited out gzip\n"); } } if (ip.proto == TCP && tcp.dst == 80) { if (search(DATA.data, "deflate")) { replace("deflate", " "); msg("whited out deflate\n"); } } http://ettercap.sourceforge.net/forum/viewtopic.php?t=2833 I would like to rewrite streams based on my own filter program instead of just simple string replacements. Anyone have an idea of how to do this? Is there anything other than Ettercap that can do live replacement like this, maybe as a plugin to a VPN software or something? I would like to have a configuration similar to ettercap's silent bridged sniffing configuration between two Ethernet interfaces. This way I can silently filter traffic coming from either direction with no NATing problems. Note that my filter is an application that acts as a pipe filter, similar to the design of unix command-line filters: >[eth0] <----------> [my filter] <----------> [eth1]< What I am already aware of, but are not suitable: Tun/Tap - Works at the lower packet layer, I need to work with the higher layer streams. Ettercap - I can't find any way to do replacements other than the restricted capabilities in the example above. Hooking into some VPN software? - I just can't figure out which or exactly how. libnetfilter_queue - Works with lower layer packets, not TCP/IP streams. Again, the rewriting should occur at the transport layer (Layer 4) as it does in this example, instead of a lower layer packet-based approach. Exact code will help immensely! Thanks!

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  • virtualenvwrapper .hook problem

    - by Wraith
    I've used virtualenvwrapper, but I'm having problems running it on a new computer. My .bashrc file is updated per the instructions: export WORKON_HOME=$DEV_HOME/projects source /usr/local/bin/virtualenvwrapper.sh But when source is run, I get the following: bash: /25009.hook: Permission denied bash: /25009.hook: No such file or directory This previous post leads me to believe the filename is being recycled and locked because virtualenvwrapper.sh uses $$. Is there any way to fix this?

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  • Getting child elements that are related to a parent in same table

    - by Madawar
    I have the following database schema class posts(Base): __tablename__ = 'xposts' id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True) class Comments(Base): __tablename__ = 'comments' id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True) comment_parent_id=Column(Integer,unique=True) #comment_id fetches comment of a comment ie the comment_parent_id comment_id=Column(Integer,default=None) comment_text=Column(String(200)) Values in database are 1 12 NULL Hello First comment 2 NULL 12 First Sub comment I want to fetch all Comments and sub comments of a post using sqlalchemy and have this so far qry=session.query(Comments).filter(Comments.comment_parent_id!=None) print qry.count() Is there a way i can fetch the all the subcomments of a comment in a query i have tried outerjoin on the same table(comments) and it seemed stupid and it failed.

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  • Test assertions for tuples with floats

    - by Space_C0wb0y
    I have a function that returns a tuple that, among others, contains a float value. Usually I use assertAlmostEquals to compare those, but this does not work with tuples. Also, the tuple contains other data-types as well. Currently I am asserting every element of the tuple individually, but that gets too much for a list of such tuples. Is there any good way to write assertions for such cases?

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  • Distance between numpy arrays, columnwise

    - by Jaapsneep
    I have 2 arrays in 2D, where the column vectors are feature vectors. One array is of size F x A, the other of F x B, where A << B. As an example, for A = 2 and F = 3 (B can be anything): arr1 = np.array( [[1, 4], [2, 5], [3, 6]] ) arr2 = np.array( [[1, 4, 7, 10, ..], [2, 5, 8, 11, ..], [3, 6, 9, 12, ..]] ) I want to calculate the distance between arr1 and a fragment of arr2 that is of equal size (in this case, 3x2), for each possible fragment of arr2. The column vectors are independent of each other, so I believe I should calculate the distance between each column vector in arr1 and a collection of column vectors ranging from i to i + A from arr2 and take the sum of these distances (not sure though). Does numpy offer an efficient way of doing this, or will I have to take slices from the second array and, using another loop, calculate the distance between each column vector in arr1 and the corresponding column vector in the slice?

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  • django url matching

    - by ben
    can anyone see why this wouldn't be working. Fairly new to django so any help would be much appreciated actual url: http://127.0.0.1:8000/2010/may/12/my-second-blog-post/ urls.py: (r'(?P<year>d{4})/(?P<month>[a-z]{3})/(?P<day>w{1,2})/(?P<slug>[-w]+)/$', 'object_detail', dict(info_dict, slug_field='slug',template_name='blog/detail.html')),

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  • App-Engine Parse a UrlFetch UTF-8 encoded stream

    - by Davidrd91
    I am trying to parse an XML from a URL using the xml.sax parser. I know there are other libraries to use but coming from Java this is the one I am most familiar with and seems the least complicated to me. The code I'm using to parse is as follows: parser = xml.sax.make_parser() handler = MangaHandler() parser.setContentHandler(handler) url = urlfetch.Fetch('http://www.mangapanda.com/alphabetical', allow_truncated = False, follow_redirects = False, deadline = False) xml.sax.parseString(url.content, handler) This returns a SaxException (invalid token) once the parser reaches the first & sign: SAXParseException: <unknown>:582:34: not well-formed (invalid token) Because urlfetch returns a string and not a stream I cannot use the parse() (which only works with streams) and am left to use parseString() instead. To see if parsing as a stream would fix this I tried: parser.parse(io.StringIO(url.content).encode('utf-8')) but this returns: TypeError: initial_value must be unicode or None, not str I have also tried to use the urllib2 libraries which do return a stream instead of urlfetch but the file is too large and is automatically truncated, leaving me with missing data. Any Sort of work-around for this would be greatly appreciated as I've spent days getting around one obstacle just to be stopped by another.

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  • Can I create class properties during __new__ or __init__?

    - by 007brendan
    I want to do something like this. The _print_attr function is designed to be called lazily, so I don't want to evaluate it in the init and set the value to attr. I would like to make attr a property that computes _print_attr only when accessed: class Base(object): def __init__(self): for attr in self._edl_uniform_attrs: setattr(self, attr, property(lambda self: self._print_attr(attr))) def _print_attr(self, attr): print attr class Child(Base): _edl_uniform_attrs = ['foo', 'bar'] me = Child() me.foo me.bar #output: #"foo" #"bar"

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  • How do I use a string as a keyword argument?

    - by Issac Kelly
    Specifically, I'm trying to use a string to arbitrairly filter the ORM. I've tried exec and eval solutions, but I'm running into walls. The code below doesn't work, but it's the best way I know how to explain where I'm trying to go from gblocks.models import Image f = 'image__endswith="jpg"' # Would be scripted in another area, but passed as text <user input> d = Image.objects.filter(f) #for the non-django pythonistas: d = Image.objects.filter(image__endswith="jpg") # would be the non-dynamic equivalent.

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  • Creating a Group of Groups in Django

    - by Greg
    I'm creating my own Group model; I'm not referring to the builtin Group model. I want each hroup to be a member of another group (it's parent), but there is the one "top" group that doesn't have a parent group. The admin interface won't let me create a group without entering a parent. I get the error personnel_group.parent_id may not be NULL. My Group model looks like this: class Group(models.Model): name = models.CharField(max_length=50) parent = models.ForeignKey('self', blank=True, null=True) order = models.IntegerField() icon = models.ImageField(upload_to='groups', blank=True, null=True) description = models.TextField(blank=True, null=True) How can I accomplish this? Thanks.

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  • Breadth first search all paths

    - by Amndeep7
    First of all, thank you for looking at this question. For a school assignment we're supposed to create a BFS algorithm and use it to do various things. One of these things is that we're supposed to find all of the paths between the root and the goal nodes of a graph. I have no idea how to do this as I can't find a way to keep track of all of the alternate routes without also including copies/cycles. Here is my BFS code: def makePath(predecessors, last): return makePath(predecessors, predecessors[last]) + [last] if last else [] def BFS1b(node, goal): Q = [node] predecessor = {node:None} while Q: current = Q.pop(0) if current[0] == goal: return makePath(predecessor, goal) for subnode in graph[current[0]][2:]: if subnode[0] not in predecessor: predecessor[subnode[0]] = current[0] Q.append(subnode[0]) A conceptual push in the right direction would be greatly appreciated. tl;dr How do I use BFS to find all of the paths between two nodes?

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  • How do I restrict foreign keys choices to related objects only in django

    - by Jeff Mc
    I have a two way foreign relation similar to the following class Parent(models.Model): name = models.CharField(max_length=255) favoritechild = models.ForeignKey("Child", blank=True, null=True) class Child(models.Model): name = models.CharField(max_length=255) myparent = models.ForeignKey(Parent) How do I restrict the choices for Parent.favoritechild to only children whose parent is itself? I tried class Parent(models.Model): name = models.CharField(max_length=255) favoritechild = models.ForeignKey("Child", blank=True, null=True, limit_choices_to = {"myparent": "self"}) but that causes the admin interface to not list any children.

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