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  • How do I make a defaultdict safe for unexpecting clients?

    - by ~miki4242
    Several times (even several in a row) I've been bitten by the defaultdict bug. d = defaultdict(list) ... try: v = d["key"] except KeyError: print "Sorry, no dice!" For those who have been bitten too, the problem is evident: when d has no key 'key', the v = d["key"] magically creates an empty list and assigns it to both d["key"] and v instead of raising an exception. Which can be quite a pain to track down if d comes from some module whose details one doesn't remember very well. I'm looking for a way to take the sting out of this bug. For me, the best solution would be to somehow disable a defaultdict's magic before returning it to the client.

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  • How to parse json data in jquery ajax success?

    - by samarh.k
    info = {'phone_number': '123456', 'personal_detail': {'foo':foo, 'bar':bar}, 'is_active': 1, 'document_detail': {'baz':baz, 'saz':saz}, 'is_admin': 1, 'email': '[email protected]'} return HttpResponse(simplejson.dumps({'success':'True', 'result':info}), mimetype='application/javascript') if(data["success"] === "True") { alert(data[**here I want to display personal_detail and document_details**]); } How can I do this?

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  • Checkboxes with pylons

    - by user268746
    Hello, I have been trying to add some check boxes in a pylons mako. However I don't know how to get their values in the controller. It seems that it can only get the first value of the check boxes. I tried using form encode but i got several errors. Is there an easier way to do this? Thanks

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  • Putting a thread to sleep until event X occurs

    - by tipu
    I'm writing to many files in a threaded app and I'm creating one handler per file. I have HandlerFactory class that manages the distribution of these handlers. What I'd like to do is that thread A requests and gets foo.txt's file handle from the HandlerFactory class thread B requests foo.txt's file handler handler class recognizes that this file handle has been checked out handler class puts thread A to sleep thread B closes file handle using a wrapper method from HandlerFactory HandlerFactory notifies sleeping threads thread B wakes and successfully gets foo.txt's file handle This is what I have so far, def get_handler(self, file_path, type): self.lock.acquire() if file_path not in self.handlers: self.handlers[file_path] = open(file_path, type) elif not self.handlers[file_path].closed: time.sleep(1) self.lock.release() return self.handlers[file_path][type] I believe this covers the sleeping and handler retrieval successfully, but I am unsure how to wake up all threads, or even better wake up a specific thread.

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  • SQLAlchemy: an efficient/better select by primary keys?

    - by hadrien
    Yet another newbie question.. Let's say I have an user table in declarative mode: class User(Base): __tablename__ = 'user' id = Column(u'id', Integer(), primary_key=True) name = Column(u'name', String(50)) When I have a list of users identifiers, I fetch them from db with: user_ids = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] users = Session.query(User).filter(User.id.in_(user_ids)).all() I dislike using in_ because I think I learned it has bad performance on indexed fields (is that true/false?). Anyway, is there a better way doing that query? Thanks!

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  • testing existing attribute of a @classmethod function, yields AttributeError

    - by alex
    i have a function which is a class method, and i want to test a attribute of the class which may or may not be None, but will exist always. class classA(): def __init__(self, var1, var2 = None): self.attribute1 = var1 self.attribute2 = var2 @classmethod def func(self,x): if self.attribute2 is None: do something i get the error AttributeError: class classA has no attribute 'attributeB' when i access the attribute like i showed but if on command line i can see it works, x = classA() x.attributeB is None True so the test works. if i remove the @classmethod decorator from func, the problem disapears. if i leave the @classmethod decorator, it only seems to affect variables which are supplied default values in the super-class's constructor. whats going on in the above code?

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  • Django admin, filter objects by ManyToMany reference

    - by Nick Z
    Hello! There's photologue application, simple photo gallery for django, implementing Photo and Gallery objects. Gallery object has ManyToMany field, which references Photo objects. I need to be able to get list of all Photos for a given Gallery. Is it possible to add Gallery filter to Photo's admin page? If it's possible, how to do it best?

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  • How can I create a rules engine without using eval() or exec()?

    - by Angela
    I have a simple rules/conditions table in my database which is used to generate alerts for one of our systems. I want to create a rules engine or a domain specific language. A simple rule stored in this table would be..(omitting the relationships here) if temp > 40 send email Please note there would be many more such rules. A script runs once daily to evaluate these rules and perform the necessary actions. At the beginning, there was only one rule, so we had the script in place to only support that rule. However we now need to make it more scalable to support different conditions/rules. I have looked into rules engines , but I hope to achieve this in some simple pythonic way. At the moment, I have only come up with eval/exec and I know that is not the most recommended approach. So, what would be the best way to accomplish this?? ( The rules are stored as data in database so each object like "temperature", condition like "/=..etc" , value like "40,50..etc" and action like "email, sms, etc.." are stored in the database, i retrieve this to form the condition...if temp 50 send email, that was my idea to then use exec or eval on them to make it live code..but not sure if this is the right approach )

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  • Django shell command to change a value in json data

    - by crozzfire
    I am a django newbie and i was playing around in django's manage.py shell. Here is something i am trying in the shell: >>> data [{'primary_program': False, 'id': 3684}, {'primary_program': True, 'id': 3685}] >>> data[0] {'primary_program': False, 'id': 3684} >>> data[1] {'primary_program': True, 'id': 3685} >>> data[0].values() [False, 3684] >>> data[1].values() [True, 3685] >>> How should i give a command here to update the value of primary_program in data[1] to False and keep the rest of the json the same?

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  • Partially flattening a list

    - by alj
    This is probably a really silly question but, given the example code at the bottom, how would I get a single list that retain the tuples? (I've looked at the itertools but it flattens everything) What I currently get is: ('id', 20, 'integer') ('companyname', 50, 'text') [('focus', 30, 'text'), ('fiesta', 30, 'text'), ('mondeo', 30, 'text'), ('puma', 30, 'text')] ('contact', 50, 'text') ('email', 50, 'text') what I would like is a single level list like: ('id', 20, 'integer') ('companyname', 50, 'text') ('focus', 30, 'text') ('fiesta', 30, 'text') ('mondeo', 30, 'text') ('puma', 30, 'text') ('contact', 50, 'text') ('email', 50, 'text') def getproducts(): temp_list=[] product_list=['focus','fiesta','mondeo','puma'] #usually this would come from a db for p in product_list: temp_list.append((p,30,'text')) return temp_list def createlist(): column_title_list = ( ("id",20,"integer"), ("companyname",50,"text"), getproducts(), ("contact",50,"text"), ("email",50,"text"), ) return column_title_list for item in createlist(): print item Thanks ALJ

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  • Web and stand-alone apps development tendency

    - by Narek
    There is a strong tendency of making web apps and even seems that very soon a lot of features will be available online so that for every day use people will have all necessary software free online and they will not need to install any software locally. Only specific (professional) tools that usually people don’t use at home will not be available as a web app. So my question, how do you imagine selling software that was necessary for everyday use and was not free (seems they can't make money any more by selling their product – no need of those products). And what disadvantages have web apps, that is to say, what is bad to use software online compared with having the same software locally (please list)? Please do not consider this question not connected with programming, as I really would like to have a little statistics from professional programmers who are aware from nowday’s tendency of software and programming. Thanks.

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  • I'm getting the following error ''expected an indented block'' Where is the failing code?

    - by user1833814
    import math def area(base, height): '''(number,number) -> number Return the area of a wirh given base and height. >>>area(10,40) 200.0 ''' return base * height / 2 def perimeter(side1, side2, side3): '''(number,number,number) -> number Return the perimeter of the triangle with sides of length side1,side2 and side3. >>>perimeter(3,4,5) 12 >>>perimeter(10.5,6,9.3) 25.8 ''' return (side1 + side2 + side3) def semiperimeter(side1, side2, side3): return perimeter(side1, side2, side3) / 2 def area_hero(side1, side2, side3): semi = semiperimeter(side1, side2, side3) area = math.sqrt((semi * (semi - side1) * (semi - side2) * (semi - side3)) return area

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  • One-line expression to map dictionary to another

    - by No Such IP
    I have dictionary like d = {'user_id':1, 'user':'user1', 'group_id':3, 'group_name':'ordinary users'} and "mapping" dictionary like: m = {'user_id':'uid', 'group_id':'gid', 'group_name':'group'} All i want to "replace" keys in first dictionary with keys from second (e.g. replace 'user_id' with 'uid', etc.) I know that keys are immutable and i know how to do it with 'if/else' statement. But maybe there is way to do it in one line expression?

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  • Get Url Parameters In Django

    - by picomon
    I want to get current transaction id in url. it should be like this www.example.com/final_result/53432e1dd34b3 . I wrote the below codes, but after successful payment, I'm redirected to Page 404. (www.example.com/final_result//) Views.py @csrf_exempt def pay_notif(request, v_transaction_id): if request.method=='POST': v_transaction_id=request.POST.get('transaction_id') endpoint='https://testpay.com/?v_transaction_id={0}&type=json' req=endpoint.format(v_transaction_id) last_result=urlopen(req).read() if 'Approved' in last_result: session=Pay.objects.filter(session=request.session.session_key).latest('id') else: return HttpResponse(status=204) return render_to_response('final.html',{'session':session},context_instance=RequestContext(request)) Urls.py url(r'^final_result/(?P<v_transaction_id>[-A-Za-z0-9_]+)/$', 'digiapp.views.pay_notif', name="pay_notif"), Template: <input type='hidden' name='v_merchant_id' value='{{newpayy.v_merchant_id}}' /> <input type='hidden' name='item_1' value='{{ newpayy.esell.up_name }}' /> <input type='hidden' name='description_1' value='{{ newpayy.esell.up_description }}' /> <input type='hidden' name='price_1' value='{{ newpayy.esell.up_price }}' /> #page to be redirected to after successful payment <input type='hidden' name='success_url' value='http://127.0.0.1:8000/final_result/{{newpayy.v_transaction_id}}/' /> How can I go about this?

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  • gaema twitter handle error..

    - by zjm1126
    i use gaema for twitter user loggin http://code.google.com/p/gaema/ and my code is : class TwitterAuth(WebappAuth, auth.TwitterMixin): pass class TwitterHandler(BaseHandler): def get(self): twitter_auth = TwitterAuth(self) try: if self.request.GET.get("oauth_token", None): twitter_auth.get_authenticated_user(self._on_auth) self.response.out.write('sss') return twitter_auth.authorize_redirect() except RequestRedirect, e: return self.redirect(e.url, permanent=True) self.render_template('index.html', user=None) def _on_auth(self, user): """This function is called immediatelly after an authentication attempt. Use it to save the login information in a session or secure cookie. :param user: A dictionary with user data if the authentication was successful, or ``None`` if the authentication failed. """ if user: # Authentication was successful. Create a session or secure cookie # to keep the user logged in. #self.response.out.write('logged in as '+user['first_name']+' '+user['last_name']) self.response.out.write(user) return else: # Login failed. Show an error message or do nothing. pass # After cookie is persisted, redirect user to the original URL, using # the home page as fallback. self.redirect(self.request.GET.get('redirect', '/')) and the error is : Traceback (most recent call last): File "D:\Program Files\Google\google_appengine\google\appengine\ext\webapp\__init__.py", line 511, in __call__ handler.get(*groups) File "D:\zjm_code\gaema\demos\webapp\main.py", line 76, in get twitter_auth.authorize_redirect() File "D:\zjm_code\gaema\demos\webapp\gaema\auth.py", line 209, in authorize_redirect http.fetch(self._oauth_request_token_url(), self.async_callback( File "D:\zjm_code\gaema\demos\webapp\gaema\auth.py", line 239, in _oauth_request_token_url consumer_token = self._oauth_consumer_token() File "D:\zjm_code\gaema\demos\webapp\gaema\auth.py", line 441, in _oauth_consumer_token self.require_setting("twitter_consumer_key", "Twitter OAuth") TypeError: require_setting() takes at most 2 arguments (3 given) thanks

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  • Why does 'url' not work as a variable here?

    - by kryptobs2000
    I originally had the variable cpanel named url and the code would not return anything. Any idea why? It doesn't seem to be used by anything else, but there's gotta be something I'm overlooking. import urllib2 cpanel = 'http://www.tas-tech.com/cpanel' req = urllib2.Request(cpanel) try: handle = urllib2.urlopen(req) except IOError, e: if hasattr(e, 'code'): if e.code != 401: print 'We got another error' print e.code else: print e.headers print e.headers['www-authenticate']

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  • Appengine backreferences - need composite index?

    - by davezor
    I have a query that is very recently starting to throw: "The built-in indices are not efficient enough for this query and your data. Please add a composite index for this query." I checked the line on which this exception is being thrown, and the problem query is this one: count = self.vote_set.filter("direction =", 1).count() This is literally a one-filter operation using appengine's built-in backreferences. I have no idea how to optimize this query...anyone have any suggestions? I tried to add this index: - kind: Vote properties: - name: direction direction: desc - kind: Vote properties: - name: direction And I got a message (obviously) saying this was an unnecessary index. Thanks for your help in advance.

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  • Declaring models elsewhere than in "models.py" AND dynamically

    - by sebpiq
    Hi ! I have an application that splits models into different files. Actually the folder looks like : >myapp __init__.py models.py >hooks ... ... myapp don't care about what's in the hooks, folder, except that there are models, and that they have to be declared somehow. So, I put this in myapp.__init__.py : from django.conf import settings for hook in settings.HOOKS : try : __import__(hook) except ImportError as e : print "Got import err !", e #where settings.HOOKS = ("myapp.hooks.a_super_hook1", ...) The problem is that it doesn't work when I run syncdb(and throws some strange "Got import err !"... strange considering that it's related to another module of my program that I don't even import anywhere :/ ) ! So I tried successively : 1) for hook in settings.HOOKS : try : exec ("from %s import *" % hook) - doesn't work either : syncdb doesn't install the models in hooks 2) from myapp.hooks.a_super_hook1 import * - This works 3) exec("from myapp.hooks.a_super_hook1 import *") - This works to So I checked that in the test 1), the statement executed is the same than in tests 2) and 3), and it is exactly the same ... Any idea ???

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  • How to retrieve items from a django queryset?

    - by sharataka
    I'm trying to get the video element in a queryset but am having trouble retrieving it. user_channel = Everything.objects.filter(profile = request.user, playlist = 'Channel') print user_channel[0] #returns the first result without error print user_channel[0]['video'] #returns error Models.py: class Everything(models.Model): profile = models.ForeignKey(User) playlist = models.CharField('Playlist', max_length = 2000, null=True, blank=True) platform = models.CharField('Platform', max_length = 2000, null=True, blank=True) video = models.CharField('VideoID', max_length = 2000, null=True, blank=True) video_title = models.CharField('Title of Video', max_length = 2000, null=True, blank=True) def __unicode__(self): return u'%s %s %s %s %s' % (self.profile, self.playlist, self.platform, self.video, self.video_title)

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  • I need to change a zip code into a series of dots and dashes (a barcode), but I can't figure out how

    - by Maggie
    Here's what I've got so far: def encodeFive(zip): zero = "||:::" one = ":::||" two = "::|:|" three = "::||:" four = ":|::|" five = ":|:|:" six = ":||::" seven = "|:::|" eight = "|::|:" nine = "|:|::" codeList = [zero,one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine] allCodes = zero+one+two+three+four+five+six+seven+eight+nine code = "" digits = str(zip) for i in digits: code = code + i return code With this I'll get the original zip code in a string, but none of the numbers are encoded into the barcode. I've figured out how to encode one number, but it wont work the same way with five numbers.

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  • MemoryError when running Numpy Meshgrid

    - by joaoc
    I have 8823 data points with x,y coordinates. I'm trying to follow the answer on how to get a scatter dataset to be represented as a heatmap but when I go through the X, Y = np.meshgrid(x, y) instruction with my data arrays I get MemoryError. I am new to numpy and matplotlib and am essentially trying to run this by adapting the examples I can find. Here's how I built my arrays from a file that has them stored: XY_File = open ('XY_Output.txt', 'r') XY = XY_File.readlines() XY_File.close() Xf=[] Yf=[] for line in XY: Xf.append(float(line.split('\t')[0])) Yf.append(float(line.split('\t')[1])) x=array(Xf) y=array(Yf) Is there a problem with my arrays? This same code worked when put into this example but I'm not too sure. Why am I getting this MemoryError and how can I fix this?

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  • finding a solution to a giving maze txt.file

    - by alberto
    how can i fix this program, the problem is when it print out the coordinate it give me a 7 for the start and finish, i would appreciated you help, thanks start = (len(data)) finish = (len(data)) pos= [] for i in range(len(pos)): for j in range(len(pos[i])): if pos[i][j] == "S": start=(i,j) elif pos[i][j] == "F": finish=(i,j) print "S found in",start, print "\nF found in",finish,"\n"

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  • ManyToManyField error when having recursive structure. How to solve it?

    - by luc
    Hello, I have the following table in the model with a recursive structure (a page can have children pages) class DynamicPage(models.Model): name = models.CharField("Titre",max_length=200) parent = models.ForeignKey('self',null=True,blank=True) I want to create another table with manytomany relation with this one: class UserMessage(models.Model): name = models.CharField("Nom", max_length=100) page = models.ManyToManyField(DynamicPage) The generated SQL creates the following constraint: ALTER TABLE `website_dynamicpage` ADD CONSTRAINT `parent_id_refs_id_29c58e1b` FOREIGN KEY (`parent_id`) REFERENCES `website_dynamicpage` (`id`); I would like to have the ManyToMany with the page itself (the id) and not with the parent field. How to modify the model to make the constraint using the id and not the parent? Thanks in advance

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