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• How can I downsample a texture using FBOs?

  - by snape

  I am rendering a scene to FBO as my render target whose size is 8 times the size of the orignal screen in OpenGL. Now i wan to downsample the texture generated by FBO to the size of the screen so as to achieve spatial anti aliasing. How do i achieve the down sampling ? Please provide implementation details. Note : If there is a better way of doing anti aliasing in FBOs please mention that too. I am trying to remove the aliasing in the image attached below.

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• Continuous Movement of gun bullet

  - by Siddharth

  I was using box2d for the movement of the body. When I apply gravity (0,0) the bullet continuously move but when I change gravity to the earth the behavior was changed. I also try to apply continuous force to the bullet body but the behavior was not so good. So please provide any suggestion to continuously move bullet body in earth gravity. currentVelocity = bulletBody.getLinearVelocity(); if (currentVelocity.len() < speed|| currentVelocity.len() > speed + 0.25f) { velocityChange = Math.abs(speed - currentVelocity.len()); currentVelocity.set(currentVelocity.x* velocityChange, currentVelocity.y*velocityChange); bulletBody.applyLinearImpulse(currentVelocity,bulletBody.getWorldCenter()); } I apply above code for the continuous velocity of the body. And also I did not able to find any setGravityScale method in the library.

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• 3D rotation matrices deform object while rotating

  - by Kevin

  I'm writing a small 3D renderer (using an orthographic projection right now). I've run into some trouble with my 3D rotation matrices. They seem to squeeze my 3D object (a box primitive) at certain angles. Here's a live demo (only tested in Google Chrome): http://dl.dropbox.com/u/109400107/3D/index.html The box is viewed from the top along the Y axis and is rotating around the X and Z axis. These are my 3 rotation matrices (Only rX and rZ are being used): var rX = new Matrix([ [1, 0, 0], [0, Math.cos(radiants), -Math.sin(radiants)], [0, Math.sin(radiants), Math.cos(radiants)] ]); var rY = new Matrix([ [Math.cos(radiants), 0, Math.sin(radiants)], [0, 1, 0], [-Math.sin(radiants), 0, Math.cos(radiants)] ]); var rZ = new Matrix([ [Math.cos(radiants), -Math.sin(radiants), 0], [Math.sin(radiants), Math.cos(radiants), 0], [0, 0, 1] ]); Before projecting the verticies I multiply them by rZ and rX like so: vert1.multiply(rZ); vert1.multiply(rX); vert2.multiply(rZ); vert2.multiply(rX); vert3.multiply(rZ); vert3.multiply(rX); The projection itself looks like this: bX = (pos.x + (vert1.x*scale)); bY = (pos.y + (vert1.z*scale)); Where "pos.x" and "pos.y" is an offset for centering the box on the screen. I just can't seem to find a solution to this and I'm still relativly new to working with Matricies. You can view the source-code of the demo page if you want to see the whole thing.

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• MMORPG design for time-limited players

  - by Philipp

  I believe that there is a significant market of players who would enjoy the exploration and interaction aspects of MMORPGs, but simply don't have the time for the endless grinding marathons which are part of the average MMORPG. MMORPGs are all about interaction between players. But when different players have different amounts of time to invest into a game, those with less time to spend will soon lack behind their power-leveling friends and won't be able to interact with them anymore. One way to solve this would be to limit the progress a player can achieve per day, so that it simply doesn't make sense to play more than one or two hours a day. But even the busiest casual players sometimes like to spend a whole sunday afternoon playing a video game. Just stopping them after two hours would be really frustrating. It also creates a pressure to use the daily progress limit every day, because otherwise the player would feel like wasting something. This pressure would be detrimental for casual gamers. What else could be done to level the playing field between those players who play 40+ hours a week and those who can't play more than 10?

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• how can i move static box2d object.

  - by user5198

  how can i move static box2d sprites. i have tried this tutorial from . http://www.raywenderlich.com/475/how-to-create-a-simple-breakout-game-with-box2d-and-cocos2d-tutorial-part-12. I managed to add another "paddle" object with box2d body, but i can seam to be able to make the code to move the second "paddle" body. Can anyone direct me how to do it? Is there a way to move a "b2_staticBody" box 2d object? i have tried, but i can only move it when i use "b2_dynamicBody" if i used "b2_staticBody" i can move it at all.

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• How to update entity states and animations in a component-based game

  - by mivic

  I'm trying to design a component-based entity system for learning purposes (and later use on some games) and I'm having some troubles when it comes to updating entity states. I don't want to have an update() method inside the Component to prevent dependencies between Components. What I currently have in mind is that components hold data and systems update components. So, if I have a simple 2D game with some entities (e.g. player, enemy1, enemy 2) that have Transform, Movement, State, Animation and Rendering components I think I should have: A MovementSystem that moves all the Movement components and updates the State components And a RenderSystem that updates the Animation components (the animation component should have one animation (i.e. a set of frames/textures) for each state and updating it means selecting the animation corresponding to the current state (e.g. jumping, moving_left, etc), and updating the frame index). Then, the RenderSystem updates the Render components with the texture corresponding to the current frame of each entity's Animation and renders everything on screen. I've seen some implementations like Artemis framework, but I don't know how to solve this situation: Let's say that my game has the following entities. Each entity have a set of states and one animation for each state: player: "idle", "moving_right", "jumping" enemy1: "moving_up", "moving_down" enemy2: "moving_left", "moving_right" What are the most accepted approaches in order to update the current state of each entity? The only thing that I can think of is having separate systems for each group of entities and separate State and Animation components so I would have PlayerState, PlayerAnimation, Enemy1State, Enemy1Animation... PlayerMovementSystem, PlayerRenderingSystem... but I think this is a bad solution and breaks the purpose of having a component-based system. As you can see, I'm quite lost here, so I'd very much appreciate any help.

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• Calculating a child Position, Rotation and Scale values?

  - by Sergio Plascencia

  I am making my own game editor(just for fun) anyway I have problem that I had several days trying to resolve but I have been unsuccessful. Here goes... I have an object "A": Position: (3,3,3), Rotation: (45,10,0), Scale(1,2,2.5) And an object "B": Position: (1,1,1), Rotation: (10,34,18), Scale(1.5,2,1) I now make a parent/child relationship. "B" is a child of "A": A |--B When I do the relationship I need to re-calculate the Child("B") Position, Rotation and Scale such that it maintains its current position, rotation and scale(Location in world). So for child position "B" it would now be (-2, -2, -2) since now "A" it is center and (-2, -2, -2) will keep the object in its same position. I think I got the Position and scale figure out, but rotation I cant. So I was trying to figure out what to do and what I did is opened Unity and run the same example and I did noticed that when making an abject a child object the child object did not moved at all but had its Position, Rotation and Scale values changed(Related to the parent). For example: Unity (Parent Object "A"): Position: (0,0,0) Rotation: (45,10,0) Scale: (1,1,1) Unity (Child Object "B"): Position: (0,0,0) Rotation: (0,0,0) Scale: (1,1,1) When making it a parent child relation("B" is a child of "A") the child object("B") in its Rotation values now has: X: -44.13605 Y: -14.00195 Z: 9.851074 If I plug the same values to my editor(To the child "B" rotation X, Y, Z values) the object does not move at all. So I basically need to know how did Unity arrive at those rotation values for the child(What are the calculations?). If you can help and put all the equations for the Position, Rotation or Scale then I can double check I am doing it correctly but with the Rotation I really need help. Thanks!

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• Camera Collision inside the room model

  - by sanddy

  I am having a problem in Calculating the camera collision for my Room model which consists of sofa, tables and other models. The users shall be moving the camera front, back, rotating so i need to make sure that the camera does not collide with any of the models with in the room. I have treated all my models inside the room by BoundingBox[] and the camera by BoundingSphere. So, far i have implemented collision by looking into the tutorial from http://www.toymaker.info/Games/XNA/html/xna_model_collisions.html which was great. But, I guess the problem lies in the Transformation part. I debugged and found some points to be at Vector(-XXX,-XXX,-XXX) where X is digit. Also i found my radius of some models where too large(in thousand, i just looked into its radius value before converting to BoundingBox). Do I need to scale the model for collision??? Below are my code:- On My LoadContent(): Matrix[] transforms = new Matrix[myModel.Bones.Count]; myModel.CopyAbsoluteBoneTransformsTo(transforms); int index = 0; box = new List<BoundingBox>(); BoundingBox worldModel = Utility.CalculateBoundingBox(myModel); foreach (ModelMesh mesh in myModel.Meshes) { Vector3[] obb = new Vector3[8]; worldModel.GetCorners(obb); Vector3[] asdf = (Vector3[])obb.Clone(); Vector3.Transform(obb, ref transforms[mesh.ParentBone.Index], obb); BoundingBox worldBox = BoundingBox.CreateFromPoints(obb); box.Add(worldBox); index++; } On CameraPosition Update: BoundingSphere bs = new BoundingSphere(this.cameraPos, 5.0f); if (RoomWalkthrough.Utility.CheckCollision(bs, bb)) { // Do Something } Please Help.

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• Models with more than one mesh in JMonkeyEngine

  - by Andrea Tucci

  I’m a new jmonkey engine developer and I’m beginning to import models. I tried to import simple models and no problems appeared, but when I export some obj models having more than one mesh in the OgreXML format, Blender saves multiple meshes with their own materials (e.g. one mesh for face, another for body etc). Can I export all the meshes in one? I’ve tried to join all the meshes to a major one with blender (face joins body), but when I export the model and then create the Spatial in jme(loading the path of the “merged” mesh), all the meshes that are joined to the major doesn’t have their materials! I give a more clear example: I have an .obj model with 3 meshes and I export it. I have : mesh1.mesh.xml , mesh2.mesh.xml , mesh3.mesh.xml and their materials mesh1.material, mesh2.material mesh3.material so I import the folder in Assets/Models/Test and now I have to create something like: Spatial head = assetManager.loadModel( [path] ); Spatial face = assetManager.loadModel( [path] ) one for each mesh and than attach them to a common node. I think there is a way to merge those mesh maintaining their materials! What do you think? Thanks

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• How to translate along Z axis in OpenTK

  - by JeremyJAlpha

  I am playing around with an OpenGL sample application I downloaded for Xamarin-Android. The sample application produces a rotating colored cube I would simply like to edit it so that the rotating cube is translated along the Z axis and disappears into the distance. I modified the code by: adding an cumulative variable to store my Z distance, adding GL.Enable(All.DepthBufferBit) - unsure if I put it in the right place, adding GL.Translate(0.0f, 0.0f, Depth) - before the rotate functions, Result: cube rotates a couple of times then disappears, it seems to be getting clipped out of the frustum. So my question is what is the correct way to use and initialize the Z buffer and get the cube to travel along the Z axis? I am sure I am missing some function calls but am unsure of what they are and where to put them. I apologise in advance as this is very basic stuff but am still learning :P, I would appreciate it if anyone could show me the best way to get the cube to still rotate but to also move along the Z axis. I have commented all my modifications in the code: // This gets called when the drawing surface is ready protected override void OnLoad (EventArgs e) { // this call is optional, and meant to raise delegates // in case any are registered base.OnLoad (e); // UpdateFrame and RenderFrame are called // by the render loop. This is takes effect // when we use 'Run ()', like below UpdateFrame += delegate (object sender, FrameEventArgs args) { // Rotate at a constant speed for (int i = 0; i < 3; i ++) rot [i] += (float) (rateOfRotationPS [i] * args.Time); }; RenderFrame += delegate { RenderCube (); }; GL.Enable(All.DepthBufferBit); //Added by Noob GL.Enable(All.CullFace); GL.ShadeModel(All.Smooth); GL.Hint(All.PerspectiveCorrectionHint, All.Nicest); // Run the render loop Run (30); } void RenderCube () { GL.Viewport(0, 0, viewportWidth, viewportHeight); GL.MatrixMode (All.Projection); GL.LoadIdentity (); if ( viewportWidth > viewportHeight ) { GL.Ortho(-1.5f, 1.5f, 1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f); } else { GL.Ortho(-1.0f, 1.0f, -1.5f, 1.5f, -1.0f, 1.0f); } GL.MatrixMode (All.Modelview); GL.LoadIdentity (); Depth -= 0.02f; //Added by Noob GL.Translate(0.0f,0.0f,Depth); //Added by Noob GL.Rotate (rot[0], 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); GL.Rotate (rot[1], 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f); GL.Rotate (rot[2], 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f); GL.ClearColor (0, 0, 0, 1.0f); GL.Clear (ClearBufferMask.ColorBufferBit); GL.VertexPointer(3, All.Float, 0, cube); GL.EnableClientState (All.VertexArray); GL.ColorPointer (4, All.Float, 0, cubeColors); GL.EnableClientState (All.ColorArray); GL.DrawElements(All.Triangles, 36, All.UnsignedByte, triangles); SwapBuffers (); }

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• How should I generate and store the boundries of a cave?

  - by Bob Roberts

  I am making a small cave copter game (seriously, where did this type of game come from anyway) and I am trying to figure out how to make and store the procedural generated walls. I am thinking about creating the walls by randomly picking two points away from the center of the screen. They will be no closer than the height of helicopter and no further than the edge of the screen, weighted to prefer to go in the same direction as the point prior so I end up with stalactites and stalagmites and not just noise, at set intervals of distance. To store, perhaps parallel arrays/lists, one for distance from center to top screen and one for distance from center to bottom. Am I way off base with my thinking? I just want the cave to be varied and challenging, I just have never worked with generating data like this. Edit: Woah, I just realized that my idea would lead to a player being able to stay in the middle of the screen and win. That isn't right at all. So the very basis of how I was going to generate is wrong. Edit 2: I also realized I left out a very crucial point. Part of the mechanics of the game will let the player go backwards therefor the data structure should be continuous.

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• Turn based battle and formula

  - by Mark Chapman

  I'm building a game called DVP(Digimon Virtual Pet), and in this game other than taking care of your digimon, You can also battle and breed them. I'm working on the battle system (making it first cause the actual pet system will be easy compared to the netplay, or 39DLL)but here is the problem I don't want it to be "too" simple or "too" complicated, but I do want to go by a certain formula. There are str, def, spd, and int. Strength: How hard the attacking digimon is hitting Defense: How much damage your digimon can defend when being attacked Speed: The chance of you missing the enemy Intelligence (battle knowledge): The chance of you hitting a critical hit or defending a critical hit. I can make a super simple turn based example, but I don't know how exactly to make the formulas for what I've explained above, any help?

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• Frames per Second and Updates per Second [on hold]

  - by matt murray

  So this is more a general resources question, as I am seeking knowledge on how best to conserve resources in a game (I am writing in Java, and please this is not a thread on what language I should write it in, I have already chosen Java) so that the updates and frames per second could be the highest they could be. In general I am just searching for any articles you may have, any personal experience, anything what so ever that could be of use to a pretty new Java game developer on the subject! Thanks in advance!

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• Implmenting RLE into a tilemap or how to create a large 3D array?

  - by Smallbro

  Currently I've been using a 3D array for my tiles in a 2D world but the 3D side comes in when moving down into caves and whatnot. Now this is not memory efficient and I switched over to a 2D array and can now have much larger maps. The only issue I'm having now is that it seems that my tiles cannot occupy the same space as a tile on the same z level. My current structure means that each block has its own z variable. This is what it used to look like: map.blockData[x][y][z] = new Block(); however now it works like this map.blockData[x][y] = new Block(z); I'm not sure why but if I decide to use the same space on say the floor below it wont allow me to. Does anyone have any ideas on how I can add a z-axis to my 2D array? I'm using java but I reckon the concept carries across different languages. Edit: As Will posted, RLE sounds like the best method for achieving a fast 3D array. However I'm struggling to understand how I would even start to implement it? Would I create a 4D array the 4th being something which controls how many to skip? Or would the x-axis simply change altogether and have large gaps in between - for example [5][y][z] would skip 5 tiles? Is there something really obvious here which I am missing? The number of z levels I'm trying to have is around 66, it would be preferably that I can have up to or more than 1000 in x and y.

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• SFML - Moving a sprite on mouseclick

  - by Mike

  I want to be able to move a sprite from a current location to another based upon where the user clicks in the window. This is the code that I have: #include <SFML/Graphics.hpp> int main() { // Create the main window sf::RenderWindow App(sf::VideoMode(800, 600), "SFML window"); // Load a sprite to display sf::Texture Image; if (!Image.LoadFromFile("cb.bmp")) return EXIT_FAILURE; sf::Sprite Sprite(Image); // Define the spead of the sprite float spriteSpeed = 200.f; // Start the game loop while (App.IsOpened()) { if (sf::Keyboard::IsKeyPressed(sf::Keyboard::Escape)) App.Close(); if (sf::Mouse::IsButtonPressed(sf::Mouse::Right)) { Sprite.SetPosition(sf::Mouse::GetPosition(App).x, sf::Mouse::GetPosition(App).y); } // Clear screen App.Clear(); // Draw the sprite App.Draw(Sprite); // Update the window App.Display(); } return EXIT_SUCCESS; } But instead of just setting the position I want to use Sprite.Move() and gradually move the sprite from one position to another. The question is how? Later I plan on adding a node system into each map so I can use Dijkstra's algorithm, but I'll still need this for moving between nodes.

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• Converting a GameObject method call from UnityScript to C#

  - by Crims0n_

  Here is the UnityScript implementation of the method i use to generate a randomly tiled background, the problem i'm having relates to how to translate the call to the newTile method in c#, so far i've had no luck fiddling... can anyone point me in the correct direction? Thanks #pragma strict import System.Collections.Generic; var mapSizeX : int; var mapSizeY : int; var xOffset : float; var yOffset : float; var tilePrefab : GameObject; var tilePrefab2 : GameObject; var tiles : List.<Transform> = new List.<Transform>(); function Start () { var i : int = 0; var xIndex : int = 0; var yIndex : int = 0; xOffset = 2.69; yOffset = -1.97; while(yIndex < mapSizeY){ xIndex = 0; while(xIndex < mapSizeX){ var z = Random.Range(0, 5); if (z > 2) { var newTile : GameObject = Instantiate (tilePrefab, Vector3(xIndex*0.64 - (xOffset * (mapSizeX/10)), yIndex*-0.64 - (yOffset * (mapSizeY/10)), 0), Quaternion.identity); tiles.Add(newTile.transform); newTile.transform.parent = transform; newTile.transform.name = "tile_"+i; i++; xIndex++; } if (z < 2) { var newTile2 : GameObject = Instantiate (tilePrefab2, Vector3(xIndex*0.64 - (xOffset * (mapSizeX/10)), yIndex*-0.64 - (yOffset * (mapSizeY/10)), 0), Quaternion.identity); tiles.Add(newTile2.transform); newTile2.transform.parent = transform; newTile2.transform.name = "Ztile_"+i; i++; xIndex++; } } yIndex++; } } C# Version [Fixed] using UnityEngine; using System.Collections; public class LevelGen : MonoBehaviour { public int mapSizeX; public int mapSizeY; public float xOffset; public float yOffset; public GameObject tilePrefab; public GameObject tilePrefab2; int i; public System.Collections.Generic.List<Transform> tiles = new System.Collections.Generic.List<Transform>(); // Use this for initialization void Start () { int i = 0; int xIndex = 0; int yIndex = 0; xOffset = 1.58f; yOffset = -1.156f; while (yIndex < mapSizeY) { xIndex = 0; while(xIndex < mapSizeX) { int z = Random.Range(0, 5); if (z > 5) { GameObject newTile = (GameObject)Instantiate(tilePrefab, new Vector3(xIndex*0.64f - (xOffset * (mapSizeX/10.0f)), yIndex*-0.64f - (yOffset * (mapSizeY/10.0f)), 0), Quaternion.identity); tiles.Add(newTile.transform); newTile.transform.parent = transform; newTile.transform.name = "tile_"+i; i++; xIndex++; } if (z < 5) { GameObject newTile2 = (GameObject)Instantiate(tilePrefab, new Vector3(xIndex*0.64f - (xOffset * (mapSizeX/10.0f)), yIndex*-0.64f - (yOffset * (mapSizeY/10.0f)), 0), Quaternion.identity); tiles.Add(newTile2.transform); newTile2.transform.parent = transform; newTile2.transform.name = "tile2_"+i; i++; xIndex++; } } yIndex++; } } // Update is called once per frame void Update () { } }

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• How can I make an infinite cave using stage3d?

  - by ifree

  I want to make an infinite cave in my 3d game using flash stage3d. But I got no idea about how to build that cave. Can anyone can give me some solution or hint? update: I've tried agal fragment shader like squeae tunnel in shader toy code: var fragmentProgramCode:String = AGALUtils.build() .mov("ft0","v0") .div("ft1","ft0.xy","fc3.xy") .mul("ft2","fc6.x","ft1") .sub("ft3","ft2","fc5.x")//vec2 p = -1.0 + 2.0 * gl_FragCoord.xy / resolution.xy; .mul("ft1","ft3.x","ft3.x") .mul("ft2","ft3.y","ft3.y") .pow("ft4","ft1","fc6.z")//float r = pow( pow(p.x*p.x,16.0) + pow(p.y*p.y,16.0), 1.0/32.0 ); .pow("ft5","ft2","fc6.z") .add("ft1","ft4","ft5") .pow("ft4","ft1","fc6.w") .mov("ft5","fc5")//uv .sub("ft1","fc7.x","ft4") .add("ft5.x","fc7.x","ft1")//uv.x = .5*time + 0.5/r; .mov("ft6","fc0")//for atan .atan2("ft5.y","ft3.y","ft3.x",new <String>["fc7.y","fc5.x","fc7.z","fc7.w","fc8.x","fc8.y","fc8.z","fc8.w","fc9.x","fc9.y"],"ft6") .tex("ft0","ft5","fs0","repeat","linear","nomip")//tex .mul("ft1","ft4","ft4") .mul("ft2","ft1","ft4")//r*r*r .mul("ft1","ft0.xyz","ft2") .mov("ft0.w","fc5.x") .mov("oc","ft1").toString() it can only apply one material,but my project requires different types of material (like floor,ceilling). so ,I create a 3d model Is there anyway to make that 3d model render like "infinity cave"? use agal to make each side of cave's texture move? thanks for your help

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• Is there a way to export all the images of my tweening effect in Flash?

  - by Paul

  i'm using Flash to create the animation of my character in 2D (i'm just beginning). Is it possible to make a tween effect of a character, and then automatically export all the images/frames? So far, it's a bit fastidious : i create my tweening effect, then i put a keyframe for each frame i want to copy and paste, then i select the movieclips and shapes and copy and paste them into another flash document, i position those clips at the exact same location as the previous image, then i erase the previous image and export the image... For 30 frames! Is there any faster way? Thanks

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• My frustum culling is culling from the wrong point

  - by Xbetas

  I'm having problems with my frustum being in the wrong origin. It follows the rotation of my camera but not the position. In my camera class I'm generating a view-matrix: void Camera::Update() { UpdateViewMatrix(); glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW); //glLoadIdentity(); glLoadMatrixf(GetViewMatrix().m); } Then extracting the planes using the projection matrix and modelview matrix: void UpdateFrustum() { Matrix4x4 projection, model, clip; glGetFloatv(GL_PROJECTION_MATRIX, projection.m); glGetFloatv(GL_MODELVIEW_MATRIX, model.m); clip = model * projection; m_Planes[RIGHT][0] = clip.m[ 3] - clip.m[ 0]; m_Planes[RIGHT][1] = clip.m[ 7] - clip.m[ 4]; m_Planes[RIGHT][2] = clip.m[11] - clip.m[ 8]; m_Planes[RIGHT][3] = clip.m[15] - clip.m[12]; NormalizePlane(RIGHT); m_Planes[LEFT][0] = clip.m[ 3] + clip.m[ 0]; m_Planes[LEFT][1] = clip.m[ 7] + clip.m[ 4]; m_Planes[LEFT][2] = clip.m[11] + clip.m[ 8]; m_Planes[LEFT][3] = clip.m[15] + clip.m[12]; NormalizePlane(LEFT); m_Planes[BOTTOM][0] = clip.m[ 3] + clip.m[ 1]; m_Planes[BOTTOM][1] = clip.m[ 7] + clip.m[ 5]; m_Planes[BOTTOM][2] = clip.m[11] + clip.m[ 9]; m_Planes[BOTTOM][3] = clip.m[15] + clip.m[13]; NormalizePlane(BOTTOM); m_Planes[TOP][0] = clip.m[ 3] - clip.m[ 1]; m_Planes[TOP][1] = clip.m[ 7] - clip.m[ 5]; m_Planes[TOP][2] = clip.m[11] - clip.m[ 9]; m_Planes[TOP][3] = clip.m[15] - clip.m[13]; NormalizePlane(TOP); m_Planes[NEAR][0] = clip.m[ 3] + clip.m[ 2]; m_Planes[NEAR][1] = clip.m[ 7] + clip.m[ 6]; m_Planes[NEAR][2] = clip.m[11] + clip.m[10]; m_Planes[NEAR][3] = clip.m[15] + clip.m[14]; NormalizePlane(NEAR); m_Planes[FAR][0] = clip.m[ 3] - clip.m[ 2]; m_Planes[FAR][1] = clip.m[ 7] - clip.m[ 6]; m_Planes[FAR][2] = clip.m[11] - clip.m[10]; m_Planes[FAR][3] = clip.m[15] - clip.m[14]; NormalizePlane(FAR); } void NormalizePlane(int side) { float length = 1.0/(float)sqrt(m_Planes[side][0] * m_Planes[side][0] + m_Planes[side][1] * m_Planes[side][1] + m_Planes[side][2] * m_Planes[side][2]); m_Planes[side][0] /= length; m_Planes[side][1] /= length; m_Planes[side][2] /= length; m_Planes[side][3] /= length; } And check against it with: bool PointInFrustum(float x, float y, float z) { for(int i = 0; i < 6; i++) { if( m_Planes[i][0] * x + m_Planes[i][1] * y + m_Planes[i][2] * z + m_Planes[i][3] <= 0 ) return false; } return true; } Then i render using: camera->Update(); UpdateFrustum(); int numCulled = 0; for(int i = 0; i < (int)meshes.size(); i++) { if(!PointInFrustum(meshCenter.x, meshCenter.y, meshCenter.z)) { meshes[i]->SetDraw(false); numCulled++; } else meshes[i]->SetDraw(true); } What am i doing wrong?

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• Foreach loop with 2d array of objects

  - by Jacob Millward

  I'm using a 2D array of objects to store data about tiles, or "blocks" in my gameworld. I initialise the array, fill it with data and then attempt to invoke the draw method of each object. foreach (Block block in blockList) { block.Draw(spriteBatch); } I end up with an exception being thrown "Object reference is not set to an instance of an object". What have I done wrong? EDIT: This is the code used to define the array Block[,] blockList; Then blockList = new Block[screenRectangle.Width, screenRectangle.Height]; // Fill with dummy data for (int x = 0; x <= screenRectangle.Width / texture.Width; x++) { for (int y = 0; y <= screenRectangle.Height / texture.Width; y++) { if (y >= screenRectangle.Height / (texture.Width*2)) { blockList[x, y] = new Block(1, new Rectangle(x * 16, y * 16, texture.Width, texture.Height), texture); } else { blockList[x, y] = new Block(0, new Rectangle(x * 16, y * 16, texture.Width, texture.Height), texture); } } }

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• Creating a curved mesh on inside of sphere based on texture image coordinates

  - by user5025

  In Blender, I have created a sphere with a panoramic texture on the inside. I have also manually created a plane mesh (curved to match the size of the sphere) that sits on the inside wall where I can draw a different texture. This is great, but I really want to reduce the manual labor, and do some of this work in a script -- like having a variable for the panoramic image, and coordinates of the area in the photograph that I want to replace with a new mesh. The hardest part of doing this is going to be creating a curved mesh in code that can sit on the inside wall of a sphere. Can anyone point me in the right direction?

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• Speed up lighting in deferred shading

  - by kochol

  I implemented a simple deferred shading renderer. I use 3 G-Buffer for storing position (R32F), normal (G16R16F) and albedo (ARGB8). I use sphere map algorithm to store normals in world space. Currently I use inverse of view * projection matrix to calculate the position of each pixel from stored depth value. First I want to avoid per pixel matrix multiplication for calculating the position. Is there another way to store and calculate position in G-Buffer without the need of matrix multiplication Store the normal in view space Every lighting in my engine is in world space and I want do the lighting in view space to speed up my lighting pass. I want an optimized lighting pass for my deferred engine.

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• (libgdx) Button doesn't work

  - by StercoreCode

  At the game I choose StopScreen. At this screen displays button. But if I click it - it doesn't work. What I expect - when I press button it must restart game. At this stage must display at least a message that the button is pressed. I tried to create new and clear project. Main class implement ApplicationListener. I put the same code in the appropriate methods. And it's works! But if i create this button in my game - it doesn't work. When i play and go to the StopScreen, i saw button. But if i click, or touch, nothing happens. I think that the proplem at the InputListener, although i set the stage as InputProcessor. Gdx.input.setInputProcessor(stage); I also try to addListener for Button as ClickListener. But it gave no results. Or it maybe problem that i implements Screen method - not ApplicationListener or Game. But if StopScreen implement ApplicationListener, at the mainGame I can't to setScreen. Just interests question: why button displays but nothing happens to it? Here is the code of StopScreen if it helps find my mistake: public class StopScreen implements Screen{ private OrthographicCamera camera; private SpriteBatch batch; public Stage stage; //** stage holds the Button **// private BitmapFont font; //** same as that used in Tut 7 **// private TextureAtlas buttonsAtlas; //** image of buttons **// private Skin buttonSkin; //** images are used as skins of the button **// public TextButton button; //** the button - the only actor in program **// public StopScreen(CurrusGame currusGame) { camera = new OrthographicCamera(); camera.setToOrtho(false, 800, 480); batch = new SpriteBatch(); buttonsAtlas = new TextureAtlas("button.pack"); //** button atlas image **// buttonSkin = new Skin(); buttonSkin.addRegions(buttonsAtlas); //** skins for on and off **// font = AssetLoader.font; //** font **// stage = new Stage(); stage.clear(); Gdx.input.setInputProcessor(stage); TextButton.TextButtonStyle style = new TextButton.TextButtonStyle(); style.up = buttonSkin.getDrawable("ButtonOff"); style.down = buttonSkin.getDrawable("ButtonOn"); style.font = font; button = new TextButton("PRESS ME", style); //** Button text and style **// button.setPosition(100, 100); //** Button location **// button.setHeight(100); //** Button Height **// button.setWidth(100); //** Button Width **// button.addListener(new InputListener() { public boolean touchDown(InputEvent event, float x, float y, int pointer, int button) { Gdx.app.log("my app", "Pressed"); return true; } public void touchUp(InputEvent event, float x, float y, int pointer, int button) { Gdx.app.log("my app", "Released"); } }); stage.addActor(button); } @Override public void render(float delta) { Gdx.gl.glClearColor(0, 1, 0, 1); Gdx.gl.glClear(GL20.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT); stage.act(); batch.setProjectionMatrix(camera.combined); batch.begin(); stage.draw(); batch.end(); }

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• How do display a "mucus spreading" effect in a 2D environment?

  - by nathan

  Here is an example of such a mucus spreading. The substance is spread around the source (in this example, the source would be the main alien building). The game is starcraft, the purple substance is called creep. How this kind of substance spreading would be achieved in a top down 2D environment? Recalculating the substance progression and regenerate the effect on the fly each frame or rather use a large collection of tiles or something else?

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• Get Specific depth values in Kinect (XNA)

  - by N0xus

  I'm currently trying to make a hand / finger tracking with a kinect in XNA. For this, I need to be able to specify the depth range I want my program to render. I've looked about, and I cannot see how this is done. As far as I can tell, kinect's depth values only work with pre-set ranged found in the depthStream. What I would like to do is make it modular so that I can change the depth range my kinect renders. I know this has been down before but I can't find anything online that can show me how to do this. Could someone please help me out? I have made it possible to render the standard depth view with the kinect, and the method that I have made for converting the depth frame is as follows (I've a feeling its something in here I need to set) private byte[] ConvertDepthFrame(short[] depthFrame, DepthImageStream depthStream, int depthFrame32Length) { int tooNearDepth = depthStream.TooNearDepth; int tooFarDepth = depthStream.TooFarDepth; int unknownDepth = depthStream.UnknownDepth; byte[] depthFrame32 = new byte[depthFrame32Length]; for (int i16 = 0, i32 = 0; i16 < depthFrame.Length && i32 < depthFrame32.Length; i16++, i32 += 4) { int player = depthFrame[i16] & DepthImageFrame.PlayerIndexBitmask; int realDepth = depthFrame[i16] >> DepthImageFrame.PlayerIndexBitmaskWidth; // transform 13-bit depth information into an 8-bit intensity appropriate // for display (we disregard information in most significant bit) byte intensity = (byte)(~(realDepth >> 8)); if (player == 0 && realDepth == 00) { // white depthFrame32[i32 + RedIndex] = 255; depthFrame32[i32 + GreenIndex] = 255; depthFrame32[i32 + BlueIndex] = 255; } // omitted other if statements. Simple changed the color of the pixels if they went out of the pre=set depth values else { // tint the intensity by dividing by per-player values depthFrame32[i32 + RedIndex] = (byte)(intensity >> IntensityShiftByPlayerR[player]); depthFrame32[i32 + GreenIndex] = (byte)(intensity >> IntensityShiftByPlayerG[player]); depthFrame32[i32 + BlueIndex] = (byte)(intensity >> IntensityShiftByPlayerB[player]); } } return depthFrame32; } I have a strong hunch it's something I need to change in the int player and int realDepth values, but i can't be sure.

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