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• Pre game loading time vs. in game loading time

  - by Keeper

  I'm developing a game in which a random maze is included. There are some AI creatures, lurking the maze. And I want them to go in some path according to the mazes shape. Now there are two possibilities for me to implement that, the first way (which I used) is by calculating several wanted lurking paths once the maze is created. The second, is by calculating a path once needed to be calculated, when a creature starts lurking it. My main concern is loading times. If I calculate many paths at the creating of the maze, the pre loading time is a bit long, so I thought about calculating them when needed. At the moment the game is not 'heavy' so calculating paths in mid game is not noticeable, but I'm afraid it will once it will get more complicated. Any suggestions, comments, opinions, will be of help. Edit: As for now, let p be the number of pre-calculated paths, a creatures has the probability of 1/p to take a new path (which means a path calculation) instead of an existing one. A creature does not start its patrol until the path is fully calculated of course, so no need to worry about him getting killed in the process.

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• Tool for creating complex paths?

  - by TerryB

  I want to create some fairly complex predefined paths for my AI sprites to follow. I'll need to use curves, splines etc to get the effect I want. Is there a drawing tool out there that will allow me to draw such curves, "mesh" them by placing lots of points along them at some defined density and then output the coordinates of all of those points for me? I could write this tool myself but hopefully one of the drawing packages can do this? Cheers!

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• Android/Java AI agent framework/middleware

  - by corneliu

  I am looking for an AI agent framework to use as a starting point in an Android game I have to create for a university research project. It has been suggested to me to use JADE, but, as far as I can tell, it's not a suitable framework for games (at least for my game idea) because it runs in a split-execution mode, and it needs an always-active network connection to a main host. What I want is just a little something to give me a headstart. I am willing to adjust the game's features to the framework because it's more of a mockup game, and the purpose is to compare the performance of a couple of agents in the game world. The game will be very simplistic, with a minimal UI that displays various stats about the characters in the game (so no graphics, no pathfinding). Thank you.

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• GameplayScreen does not contain a definition for GraphicsDevice

  - by Dave Voyles

  Long story short: I'm trying to intergrate my game with Microsoft's Game State Management. In doing so I've run into some errors, and the latest one is in the title. I'm not able to display my HUD for the reasons listed above. Previously, I had much of my code in my Game.cs class, but the GSM has a bit of it in Game1, and most of what you have drawn for the main screen in your GameplayScreen class, and that is what is causing confusion on my part. I've created an instance of the GameplayScreen class to be used in the HUD class (as you can see below). Before integrating with the GSM however, I created an instance of my Game class, and all worked fine. It seems that I need to define my graphics device somewhere, but I am not sure of where exactly. I've left some code below to help you understand. public class GameStateManagementGame : Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Game { #region Fields GraphicsDeviceManager graphics; ScreenManager screenManager; // Creates a new intance, which is used in the HUD class public static Game Instance; // By preloading any assets used by UI rendering, we avoid framerate glitches // when they suddenly need to be loaded in the middle of a menu transition. static readonly string[] preloadAssets = { "gradient", }; #endregion #region Initialization /// <summary> /// The main game constructor. /// </summary> public GameStateManagementGame() { Content.RootDirectory = "Content"; graphics = new GraphicsDeviceManager(this); graphics.PreferredBackBufferWidth = 1280; graphics.PreferredBackBufferHeight = 720; graphics.IsFullScreen = false; graphics.ApplyChanges(); // Create the screen manager component. screenManager = new ScreenManager(this); Components.Add(screenManager); // Activate the first screens. screenManager.AddScreen(new BackgroundScreen(), null); //screenManager.AddScreen(new MainMenuScreen(), null); screenManager.AddScreen(new PressStartScreen(), null); } namespace Pong { public class HUD { public void Update(GameTime gameTime) { // Used in the Draw method titleSafeRectangle = new Rectangle (GameplayScreen.Instance.GraphicsDevice.Viewport.TitleSafeArea.X, GameplayScreen.Instance.GraphicsDevice.Viewport.TitleSafeArea.Y, GameplayScreen.Instance.GraphicsDevice.Viewport.TitleSafeArea.Width, GameplayScreen.Instance.GraphicsDevice.Viewport.TitleSafeArea.Height); } } } class GameplayScreen : GameScreen { #region Fields ContentManager content; public static GameStates gamestate; private GraphicsDeviceManager graphics; public int screenWidth; public int screenHeight; private Texture2D backgroundTexture; private SpriteBatch spriteBatch; private Menu menu; private SpriteFont arial; private HUD hud; Animation player; // Creates a new intance, which is used in the HUD class public static GameplayScreen Instance; public GameplayScreen() { TransitionOnTime = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(1.5); TransitionOffTime = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(0.5); } protected void Initialize() { lastScored = false; menu = new Menu(); resetTimer = 0; resetTimerInUse = true; ball = new Ball(content, new Vector2(screenWidth, screenHeight)); SetUpMulti(); input = new Input(); hud = new HUD(); // Places the powerup animation inside of the surrounding box // Needs to be cleaned up, instead of using hard pixel values player = new Animation(content.Load<Texture2D>(@"gfx/powerupSpriteSheet"), new Vector2(103, 44), 64, 64, 4, 5); // Used by for the Powerups random = new Random(); vec = new Vector2(100, 50); vec2 = new Vector2(100, 100); promptVec = new Vector2(50, 25); timer = 10000.0f; // Starting value for the cooldown for the powerup timer timerVector = new Vector2(10, 10); //JEP - one time creation of powerup objects playerOnePowerup = new Powerup(); playerOnePowerup.Activated += PowerupActivated; playerOnePowerup.Deactivated += PowerupDeactivated; playerTwoPowerup = new Powerup(); playerTwoPowerup.Activated += PowerupActivated; playerTwoPowerup.Deactivated += PowerupDeactivated; //JEP - moved from events since these only need set once activatedVec = new Vector2(100, 125); deactivatedVec = new Vector2(100, 150); powerupReady = false; }

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• How do I make a more or less realistic water surface?

  - by Johnny

  I want to make a similar water surface like in this picture: http://www.publicdomainpictures.net/pictures/20000/velka/water-surface-detail-11291208064MpI.jpg I need the water surface in the same view than in the picture. Is it possible to work without shaders? I want to develop a little game for Xbox Live Indie Marketplace, Windows Phone and maybe later iPhone/iPad. How should I make the water surface, so that it works on multiple platforms?

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• Can anyone explain step-by-step how the as3isolib depth-sorts isometric objects?

  - by Rob Evans

  The library manages to depth-sort correctly, even when using items of non-1x1 sizes. I took a look through the code but it's a big project to go through line by line! There are some questions about the process such as: How are the x, y, z values of each object defined? Are they the center points of the objects or something else? I noticed that the IBounds defines the bounds of the object. If you were to visualise a cuboid of 40, 40, 90 in size, where would each of the IBounds metrics be? I would like to know how as3isolib achieves this although I would also be happy with a generalised pseudo-code version. At present I have a system that works 90% of the time but in cases of objects that are along the same horizontal line, the depth is calculated as the same value. The depth calculation currently works like this: x = object horizontal center point y = object vertical center point originX and Y = the origin point relative to the object so if you want the origin to be the center, the value would be originX = 0.5, originY = 0.5. If you wanted the origin to be vertical center, horizontal far right of the object it would be originX = 1.0, originY = 0.5. The origin adjusts the position that the object is transformed from. AABB_width = The bounding box width. AABB_height = The bounding box height. depth = x + (AABB_width * originX) + y + (AABB_height * originY) - z; This generates the same depth for all objects along the same horizontal x.

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• Should I use XNA (C#) or Java to create a basic game engine?

  - by Xboxking

  My project is to design and build a game engine (in just about 3 months). I've been looking at two options for this game engine, either make it with XNA (and C#) or Java. My experience with XNA/C# is zero to none, however I have been a Java programmer for around 4 years. I've had a little play around with both but I am still not sure what would be best to use (i.e. what would turn out better with my experience). XNA is obviously for making games and I would presume making a game engine would be slightly easier in this - however that said, there are numerous libraries available in Java that could be used for a game engine (such as lwjgl). What would be my best option and ideally produce the best results out of both XNA or Java? For your information, the game engine at the moment is a 2D one and is not too advanced (although I plan to extend it in the future). Thanks in advance for all answers!

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• The technology behind 22can's curiosity

  - by Cameron Scully

  I don't have alot of experience with mobile apps and I definitely don't know much about MMO's but I was wondering what the basic architecture of a game like that would be (understandably some don't consider it a game, but it must use some game theory and implementation). Mainly, how are they able to send/recieve real time feed back of the cube being chipped away by thousands of players on their mobile devices? How is data of the cube's millions of pieces stored and accessed so quickly? Thanks

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• Help needed throwing a ball in AS3

  - by Opoe

  I'm working on a flash game, coding on the time line. What I'm trying to accomplish is the following: With the mouse you swing and throw/release a ball which bounces against the walls and eventualy comes to point where it lays still (like a real ball). I allmost had it working, but now the ball sticks to the mouse, in stead of being released, my question to you is: Can you help me make this work and explain to me what I did wrong? You can simply preview my code by making a movieclip named 'circle' on a 550x400 stage. stage.addEventListener(Event.ENTER_FRAME, circle_update); var previousPostionX:Number; var previousPostionY:Number; var throwSpeedX:Number; var throwSpeedY:Number; var isItDown:Boolean; var xSpeed:Number = 0; var ySpeed:Number = 0; var friction:Number = 0.96; var offsetX:Number = 0; var offsetY:Number = 0; var newY:Number = 0; var oldY:Number = 0; var newX:Number = 0; var oldX:Number = 0; var dragging:Boolean; circle.buttonMode = true; circle.addEventListener(MouseEvent.MOUSE_DOWN, mouseDownHandler); circle.addEventListener(Event.ENTER_FRAME, throwcircle); circle.addEventListener(MouseEvent.MOUSE_DOWN, clicked); circle.addEventListener(MouseEvent.MOUSE_UP, released); function mouseDownHandler(e:MouseEvent):void { dragging = true; stage.addEventListener(MouseEvent.MOUSE_UP, mouseUpHandler); offsetX = mouseX - circle.x; offsetY = mouseY - circle.y; } function mouseUpHandler(e:MouseEvent):void { dragging = false; } function throwcircle(e:Event) { circle.x += xSpeed; circle.y += ySpeed; xSpeed *= friction; ySpeed *= friction; } function changeFriction(e:Event):void { friction = e.target.value; trace(e.target.value); } function circle_update(e:Event){ if ( dragging == true ) { circle.x = mouseX - offsetX; circle.y = mouseY - offsetY; } if(circle.x + (circle.width * 0.50) >= 550){ circle.x = 550 - circle.width * 0.50; } if(circle.x - (circle.width * 0.50) <= 0){ circle.x = circle.width * 0.50; } if(circle.y + (circle.width * 0.50) >= 400){ circle.y = 400 - circle.height * 0.50; } if(circle.y - (circle.width * 0.50) <= 0){ circle.y = circle.height * 0.50; } } function clicked(theEvent:Event) { isItDown =true; addEventListener(Event.ENTER_FRAME, updateView); } function released(theEvent:Event) { isItDown =false; } function updateView(theEvent:Event) { if (isItDown==true){ throwSpeedX = mouseX - previousPostionX; throwSpeedY = mouseY - previousPostionY; circle.x = mouseX; circle.y = mouseY; } else{ circle.x += throwSpeedX; circle.y += throwSpeedY; throwSpeedX *=0.9; throwSpeedY *=0.9; } previousPostionX= circle.x; previousPostionY= circle.y; }

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• Embed IF text parser in another game?

  - by DragonFax

  Are there any existing interactive fiction text parsing engines that I can embed in another game or application? I'm looking to use something as a library. I can pass it the available objects and verbs from my own side. It will parse the sentences from the user and give me back some sort of structure/AST describing what the user asked for. Then my own code can then act upon that request. I don't need something SIRI level. The simple sentences and actions that current IF games support is fine. But I'm not looking to write a whole text/sentence parser myself. This isn't an If game and I can't write it entirely in an interactive-fiction language like inform 7. Unfortunatly, I can't seem to find any examples of anyone using the text parsing capabilities of these engines without writing the entire game in that engine's language.

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• Tile map collision is not working properly

  - by Sigh-AniDe

  I am having problems setting collision between my sprite and the tiles. I have only done the code for colision for moving upwards but some places on the map it moves up and some places it doesn't. Here is what I have so far: Vector2 position; private static float scalingFactor = 32; static int tileWidth = 32; static int tileHeight = 32; int[ , ] map = { {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, }, {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, }, {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, }, {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, }, {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, }, {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, }, {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, }, {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, }, {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, }, {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, }, {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, }, {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, }, {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, }, {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, }, {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, }, {0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, }, {0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, }, {0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, }, {0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, }, }; // This is in turtle.update if ( keyboardState.IsKeyDown( Keys.Up ) ) { if ( position.Y > screenHeight / 4 ) { //// current position of the turtle on the tiles int mapX = ( int )( position.X / scalingFactor ); int mapY = ( int )( position.Y / scalingFactor ) - 1; if ( isMovable( mapX , mapY , map ) ) { position.Y = position.Y - scalingFactor; } } else { MoveUp(); } } private void MoveUp() { motion.Y = -1; } public bool isMovable( int mapX , int mapY , int[ , ] map ) { if ( mapX < 0 || mapX > 19 || mapY < 0 || mapY > 20 ) { return false; } int tile = map[ mapX , mapY ]; if ( tile == 0 ) { return false; } return true; } protected override void Update( GameTime gameTime ) { turtle.Update( screenHeight , scalingFactor , map ); base.Update( gameTime ); }

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• SceneManagers as systems in entity system or as a core class used by a system?

  - by Hatoru Hansou

  It seems entity systems are really popular here. Links posted by other users convinced me of the power of such system and I decided to try it. (Well, that and my original code getting messy) In my project, I originally had a SceneManager class that maintained needed logic and structures to organize the scene (QuadTree, 2D game). Before rendering I call selectRect() and pass the x,y of the camera and the width and height of the screen and then obtain a minimized list containing only visible entities ordered from back to front. Now with Systems, originally in my first attempt my Render system required to get added all entities it should handle. This may sound like the correct approach but I realized this was not efficient. Trying to optimize It I reused the SceneManager class internally in the Renderer system, but then I realized I needed methods such as selectRect() in others systems too (AI principally) and make the SceneManager accessible globally again. Currently I converted SceneManager to a system, and ended up with the following interface (only relevant methods): /// Base system interface class System { public: virtual void tick (double delta_time) = 0; // (methods to add and remove entities) }; typedef std::vector<Entity*> EntitiesVector; /// Specialized system interface to allow query the scene class SceneManager: public System { public: virtual EntitiesVector& cull () = 0; /// Sets the entity to be used as the camera and replaces previous ones. virtual void setCamera (Entity* entity) = 0; }; class SceneRenderer // Not a system { vitual void render (EntitiesVector& entities) = 0; }; Also I could not guess how to convert renderers to systems. My game separates logic updates from screen updates, my main class have a tick() method and a render() method that may not be called the same times. In my first attempt renderers were systems but they was saved in a separated manager, updated only in render() and not in tick() like all other systems. I realized that was silly and simply created a SceneRenderer interface and give up about converting them to systems, but that may be for another question. Then... something does not feel right, isn't it? If I understood correctly a system should not depend on another or even count with another system exposing an specific interface. Each system should care only about its entities, or nodes (as optimization, so they have direct references to relevant components without having to constantly call the component() or getComponent() method of the entity).

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• Calculating the position of an object with regards to current position using OpenGL like matrices

  - by spartan2417

  i have a 1st person camera that collides with walls, i also have a small sphere in front of my camera denoted by the camera position plus the distance ahead. I cannot get the postion of the sphere but i have the position of my camera. e.g. i need to find the position of the point or at the very least find away of calculating the position using the camera positions. code: static Float P_z = 0; P_z = -15; PushMatrix(); LoadMatrix(&Inv); Material(SCEGU_AMBIENT, 0x00000066); TranslateXYZ(0,0,P_z); ScaleXYZ(0.1f,0.1f,0.1f); pointer.Render(); PopMatrix(); where Inv is the camera positions (Inv.w.x,Inv.w.z), pointer is the sphere.

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• SDL_BlitSurface segmentation fault (surfaces aren't null)

  - by Trollkemada

  My app is crashing on SDL_BlitSurface() and i can't figure out why. I think it has something to do with my static object. If you read the code you'll why I think so. This happens when the limits of the map are reached, i.e. (iwidth || jheight). This is the code: Map.cpp (this render) Tile const * Map::getTyle(int i, int j) const { if (i >= 0 && j >= 0 && i < width && j < height) { return data[i][j]; } else { return &Tile::ERROR_TYLE; // This makes SDL_BlitSurface (called later) crash //return new Tile(TileType::ERROR); // This works with not problem (but is memory leak, of course) } } void Map::render(int x, int y, int width, int height) const { //DEBUG("(Rendering...) x: "<<x<<", y: "<<y<<", width: "<<width<<", height: "<<height); int firstI = x / TileType::PIXEL_PER_TILE; int firstJ = y / TileType::PIXEL_PER_TILE; int lastI = (x+width) / TileType::PIXEL_PER_TILE; int lastJ = (y+height) / TileType::PIXEL_PER_TILE; // The previous integer division rounds down when dealing with positive values, but it rounds up // negative values. This is a fix for that (We need those values always rounded down) if (firstI < 0) { firstI--; } if (firstJ < 0) { firstJ--; } const int firstX = x; const int firstY = y; SDL_Rect srcRect; SDL_Rect dstRect; for (int i=firstI; i <= lastI; i++) { for (int j=firstJ; j <= lastJ; j++) { if (i*TileType::PIXEL_PER_TILE < x) { srcRect.x = x % TileType::PIXEL_PER_TILE; srcRect.w = TileType::PIXEL_PER_TILE - (x % TileType::PIXEL_PER_TILE); dstRect.x = i*TileType::PIXEL_PER_TILE + (x % TileType::PIXEL_PER_TILE) - firstX; } else if (i*TileType::PIXEL_PER_TILE >= x + width) { srcRect.x = 0; srcRect.w = x % TileType::PIXEL_PER_TILE; dstRect.x = i*TileType::PIXEL_PER_TILE - firstX; } else { srcRect.x = 0; srcRect.w = TileType::PIXEL_PER_TILE; dstRect.x = i*TileType::PIXEL_PER_TILE - firstX; } if (j*TileType::PIXEL_PER_TILE < y) { srcRect.y = 0; srcRect.h = TileType::PIXEL_PER_TILE - (y % TileType::PIXEL_PER_TILE); dstRect.y = j*TileType::PIXEL_PER_TILE + (y % TileType::PIXEL_PER_TILE) - firstY; } else if (j*TileType::PIXEL_PER_TILE >= y + height) { srcRect.y = y % TileType::PIXEL_PER_TILE; srcRect.h = y % TileType::PIXEL_PER_TILE; dstRect.y = j*TileType::PIXEL_PER_TILE - firstY; } else { srcRect.y = 0; srcRect.h = TileType::PIXEL_PER_TILE; dstRect.y = j*TileType::PIXEL_PER_TILE - firstY; } SDL::YtoSDL(dstRect.y, srcRect.h); SDL_BlitSurface(getTyle(i,j)->getType()->getSurface(), &srcRect, SDL::getScreen(), &dstRect); // <-- Crash HERE /*DEBUG("i = "<<i<<", j = "<<j); DEBUG("srcRect.x = "<<srcRect.x<<", srcRect.y = "<<srcRect.y<<", srcRect.w = "<<srcRect.w<<", srcRect.h = "<<srcRect.h); DEBUG("dstRect.x = "<<dstRect.x<<", dstRect.y = "<<dstRect.y);*/ } } } Tile.h #ifndef TILE_H #define TILE_H #include "TileType.h" class Tile { private: TileType const * type; public: static const Tile ERROR_TYLE; Tile(TileType const * t); ~Tile(); TileType const * getType() const; }; #endif Tile.cpp #include "Tile.h" const Tile Tile::ERROR_TYLE(TileType::ERROR); Tile::Tile(TileType const * t) : type(t) {} Tile::~Tile() {} TileType const * Tile::getType() const { return type; } TileType.h #ifndef TILETYPE_H #define TILETYPE_H #include "SDL.h" #include "DEBUG.h" class TileType { protected: TileType(); ~TileType(); public: static const int PIXEL_PER_TILE = 30; static const TileType * ERROR; static const TileType * AIR; static const TileType * SOLID; virtual SDL_Surface * getSurface() const = 0; virtual bool isSolid(int x, int y) const = 0; }; #endif ErrorTyle.h #ifndef ERRORTILE_H #define ERRORTILE_H #include "TileType.h" class ErrorTile : public TileType { friend class TileType; private: ErrorTile(); mutable SDL_Surface * surface; static const char * FILE_PATH; public: SDL_Surface * getSurface() const; bool isSolid(int x, int y) const ; }; #endif ErrorTyle.cpp (The surface can't be loaded when building the object, because it is a static object and SDL_Init() needs to be called first) #include "ErrorTile.h" const char * ErrorTile::FILE_PATH = ("C:\\error.bmp"); ErrorTile::ErrorTile() : TileType(), surface(NULL) {} SDL_Surface * ErrorTile::getSurface() const { if (surface == NULL) { if (SDL::isOn()) { surface = SDL::loadAndOptimice(ErrorTile::FILE_PATH); if (surface->w != TileType::PIXEL_PER_TILE || surface->h != TileType::PIXEL_PER_TILE) { WARNING("Bad tile surface size"); } } else { ERROR("Trying to load a surface, but SDL is not on"); } } if (surface == NULL) { // This if doesn't get called, so surface != NULL ERROR("WTF? Can't load surface :\\"); } return surface; } bool ErrorTile::isSolid(int x, int y) const { return true; }

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• Capitalizing on JavaScript's prototypal inheritance

  - by keithjgrant

  JavaScript has a class-free object system in which objects inherit properties directly from other objects. This is really powerful, but it is unfamiliar to classically trained programmers. If you attempt to apply classical design patterns directly to JavaScript, you will be frustrated. But if you learn to work with JavaScript's prototypal nature, your efforts will be rewarded. ... It is Lisp in C's clothing. -Douglas Crockford What does this mean for a game developer working with canvas and HTML5? I've been looking over this question on useful design patterns in gaming, but prototypal inheritance is very different than classical inheritance, and there are surely differences in the best way to apply some of these common patterns. For example, classical inheritance allows us to create a moveableEntity class, and extend that with any classes that move in our game world (player, monster, bullet, etc.). Sure, you can strongarm JavaScript to work that way, but in doing so, you are kind of fighting against its nature. Is there a better approach to this sort of problem when we have prototypal inheritance at our fingertips?

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• map data structure in pacman

  - by Sam Fisher

  i am trying to make a pacman game in c# using GDI+, i have done some basic work and i have previously replicated games like copter-it and minesweeper. but i am confused about how do i implement the map in pacman, i mean which datastructure to use, so i can use it for moving AI controlled objects and check collisions with walls. i thought of a 2d array of ints but that didnt make sense to me. looking for some help. thanks.

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• What is wrong with my specular phong shading

  - by Thijser

  I'm sorry if this should be placed on stackoverflow instead however seeing as this is graphics related I was hoping you guys could help me: I'm attempting to write a phong shader and currently working on the specular. I came acros the following formula: base*pow(dot(V,R),shininess) and attempted to implement it (V is the posion of the viewer and R the reflective vector). This gave the following result and code: Vec3Df phongSpecular(const Vec3Df & vertexPos, Vec3Df & normal, const Vec3Df & lightPos, const Vec3Df & cameraPos, unsigned int index) { Vec3Df relativeLightPos=(lightPos-vertexPos); relativeLightPos.normalize(); Vec3Df relativeCameraPos= (cameraPos-vertexPos); relativeCameraPos.normalize(); int DotOfNormalAndLight = Vec3Df::dotProduct(normal,relativeLightPos); Vec3Df reflective =(relativeLightPos-(2*DotOfNormalAndLight*normal))*-1; reflective.normalize(); float phongyness= Vec3Df::dotProduct(reflective,relativeCameraPos); if (phongyness<0){ phongyness=0; } float shininess= Shininess[index]; float speculair = powf(phongyness,shininess); return Ks[index]*speculair; } I'm looking for something more like this:

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• How do I determine the draw order in an isometric view flash game?

  - by Gajet

  This is for a flash game, with isometric view. I need to know how to sort object so that there is no need for z-buffer checking when drawing. This might seem easy but there is another restriction, a scene can have 10,000+ objects so the algorithm needs to be run in less than O(n^2). All objects are rectangular boxes, and there are 3-4 objects moving in the scene. What's the best way to do this? UPDATE in each tile there is only object (I mean objects can stack on top of each other). and we access to both map of Objects and Objects have their own position.

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• Having trouble with projection matrix, need help

  - by Mr.UNOwen

  I'm having trouble with what appears to be the projection matrix. Given a wide enough of a screen, when a cube is on the left and right most edge, the left or right wall will appear stretched to the point that the front face is 1/10 the width of the side. So I do update the screen ratio along with the projection matrix and view port on screen resize, am I safe to assume all the trouble is from the matrix class? Also the cube follows the mouse, but it's only vertically aligned and ahead of the mouse when going left or right from the center of the screen. Perspective function call: * setPerspective * * @param fov: angle in radians * @param aspect: screen ratio w/h * @param near: near distance * @param far: far distance **/ void APCamera::setPerspective(GMFloat_t fov, GMFloat_t aspect, GMFloat_t near, GMFloat_t far) { GMFloat_t difZ = near - far; GMFloat_t *data; mProjection->clear(); //set to identity matrix data = mProjection->getData(); GMFloat_t v = 1.0f / tan(fov / 2.0f); data[_AP_MAA] = v / aspect; data[_AP_MBB] = v; data[_AP_MCC] = (far + near) / difZ; data[_AP_MCD] = -1.0f; data[_AP_MDD] = 0.0f; data[_AP_MDC] = 2.0f * far * near/ difZ; mRatio = aspect; mInvProjOutdated = true; mIsPerspective = true; } and... #define _AP_MAA 0 #define _AP_MAB 1 #define _AP_MAC 2 #define _AP_MAD 3 #define _AP_MBA 4 #define _AP_MBB 5 #define _AP_MBC 6 #define _AP_MBD 7 #define _AP_MCA 8 #define _AP_MCB 9 #define _AP_MCC 10 #define _AP_MCD 11 #define _AP_MDA 12 #define _AP_MDB 13 #define _AP_MDC 14 #define _AP_MDD 15

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• Detecting Units on a Grid

  - by hammythepig

  I am making a little turn based strategy game in pygame, that uses a grid system as the main map to hold all the characters and the map layout. (Similar to Fire Emblem, or Advance Wars) I am trying to determine a way to quickly and efficiently (i.e. without too much of a slow down) check if there are any characters within a given range of the currently selected character. So to illustrate: O = currently selected character X = squares within range Range of 1: X X O X X Range of 2: X X X X X X O X X X X X X Range of 3: X X X X X X X X X X X X O X X X X X X X X X X X X Now I have to tell the user who is in range, and I have to let the user choose who to attack if there are multiple enemies in range. If I have a 5x5 grid, filled with " " for empty and numbers for the characters: [ ][ ][ ][ ][4] [ ][1][ ][ ][ ] [ ][ ][ ][ ][ ] [ ][ ][2][3][ ] [ ][ ][ ][ ][ ] Depending on which character the user selects, I would like to show the user which other characters are in range. So if they all had a range of 3: 1 can hit 2 2 can hit 1 or 3 3 can hit 2 4 cannot hit anyone. So, How do I quickly and/or efficiently run though my grid and tell the user where the enemies are? PS- As a bonus, if someone could give an answer that could also work for a minimum distance type range, I would give them a pat on the back and a high five, should they ever travel to Canada and we ever meet in life. For example: Range of 3 to 5: (- is out of range) X X X X X X X X X X X X - X X X X X X - - - X X X X X X - - O - - X X X X X X - - - X X X X X X - X X X X X X X X X X X X

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• How can I test different TV display types for my XBLIG game?

  - by Steve Dunn

  The XBLIG submission check-list says to ensure that all important stuff critical to game-play be visible in the 'TitleSafeArea'. I've received a bug report during play-test of my game (Crazy Balloon Lite) that says parts of my scrolling 2D map are only half visible (i.e. chopped at the left of the screen). I've tested my game myself on a 47" TV and also a 19" VGA monitor, both of which look fine. The bug report says the issue occurs on a standard 20" TV. My question is: without buying different sizes of TVs, is there a way to test what my game will look like on different sized displays?

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• Torque2D, Class vs Datablock

  - by Max Kielland

  I'm scripting my first game with Torque2D and have not fully understood the difference between "Class" and Datablock. To me it seems like Datablock is similar to a struct in C/C++ or a Record in Pascal. If I create Datablocks with new, are they instantiated in the same way as a "Class"? I have a large TileMap and need to attach some information to each Tile. I was thinking to use a Datablock, as a struct, to attach this information to the tile's CustomData property. The two questions are: What is a Datablock and should I use a Datablock or a "Class" for this tile information?

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• How to prevent multiple playing sounds from destroying your hearing?

  - by Rookie

  The problem is that when I play 100 sounds almost at same time, all I hear is noise. It's not very attractive to listen it for 30 minutes straight. I tried to fix this by allowing only 1 sound of each sound type to be played at once. But it still sounds really ugly; eventually my brain keeps hearing only the very end of the shot sounds (or the start of it?), and that gets on my nerves really quickly. Eventually I would just decide to turn off the sounds completely. So is there any point of using sounds in a game like this at all? How does our dear reality handle this problem? If there is a war out there, how does it sound when hundred of men shoot almost at the same times? Edit: Here is how the game sounds currently; there isn't even 100 sounds playing at once, maybe 20? http://www.speedyshare.com/VTBDw/headache.mp3 At the beginning it sounds OK, but then it becomes unbearable! In that audio clip there is allowed only 1 sound to be played at once, so it will stop the previous playing sound when new sound is played. Edit2: And here is same headache but 32 simultaneous sounds allowed to be played at same time: http://www.speedyshare.com/TuWAR/headache-worse.mp3 Quite a torture, eh?

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• High level project workflow

  - by user775060

  We are a small software company trying our hand at our second game. Since our first games' process was a living nightmare (since we used webdevelopment workflow) I have decided to educate myself on how to manage a game project on a high level. How does your process work, from idea to launch? Preferably in situations where you have a team that needs to cooperate. I've seen these 2 links, which are useful in a way, but was wondering if there are better/more comprehensive ways to do this? http://www.goodcontroller.com/blog/?p=136 http://gogogic.wordpress.com/2009/02/09/symbol6-how-we-created-an-iphone-game/ All input would be infinitely appreciated.

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• Cocos2d and Body with few collision shapes using chipmunk

  - by Eimantas

  I'm using Cocos2d (0.99.5) with chipmunk physics engine. Currently I'm trying to place a body into space which is combined from few circle shapes. Let's say I have a corresponding sprite image with displays atom (nucleus + 3 electrons around it. Something like this without orbit lines). In it's simplest form - only one circle shape at the center should be enough which would detect collisions from other objects with nucleus. Now I'd like to add other circle shapes for each electron. How can I do that? Now when I add those shapes to the body and add the body into chipmunk space - the shapes (together with the body/sprite) start flickering and spinning with no recognizable pattern (or reason for that matter).

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