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  • Input handling between game loops

    - by user48023
    This may be obvious and trivial for you but as I am a newbie in programming I come with a specific question. I have three loops in my game engine which are input-loop, update-loop and render-loop. Update-loop is set to 10 ticks per second with a fixed timestep, render-loop is capped at around 60 fps and the input-loop runs as fast as possible. I am using one of the Javascript frameworks which provide such things but it doesn't really matter. Let's say I am rendering a tile map and the view of which elements are rendered depends on camera-like movement variables which are modified during key pressing. This is only about camera/viewport and rendering, no game physics involved here. And now, how can I handle input events among these loops to keep consistent engine reaction? Am I supposed to read the current variable modified with input and do some needed calculations in a update-loop and share the result so it could be interpolated in a render-loop? Or read the input effect directly inside the render-loop and put needed calculations inside? I thought interpreting user input inside an update-loop with a low tick rate would be inaccurate and kind of unresponsive while rendering with interpolation in the final view. How it is done properly in games overall?

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  • How do i start Game programming in windows phone xna?

    - by Ankit Rathod
    Hello, I am very much interested in Game programming in Xna. However during my college days i did not take Physics or Maths. Does that mean i can't create games in xna? I just know basics of trignometry. Can you all point me to few links where i can learn xna as well as the basic stuff of Maths that is bound to be required in most of the games? Are all game programmers excellent in Maths and Physics ? Thanks in advance :)

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  • Wait till all CCActions have completed

    - by tGilani
    I am developing a simple cocos2d game in which I want to animate two CCSprites simultaneously, and for this purpose I simply set CCActions on respective `CCSprite's as follows. [first runAction:[CCMoveTo actionWithDuration:1 position:secondPosition]]; [second runAction:[CCMoveTo actionWithDuration:1 position:firstPosition]]; Now I want to wait till the animations are complete, so I can perform the next step. How should I wait for these animations to finish? There are actually two method calls, the first one animates the objects via the code above and second call does the other animation. I need to delay the second method call until the animations in first are complete. (I would not like to use CCCallFunc blocks as I want to call the second method from the same caller as the first one.

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  • problem with loading in .FBX meshes in DirectX 10

    - by N0xus
    I'm trying to load in meshes into DirectX 10. I've created a bunch of classes that handle it and allow me to call in a mesh with only a single line of code in my main game class. How ever, when I run the program this is what renders: In the debug output window the following errors keep appearing: D3D10: ERROR: ID3D10Device::DrawIndexed: Input Assembler - Vertex Shader linkage error: Signatures between stages are incompatible. The reason is that Semantic 'TEXCOORD' is defined for mismatched hardware registers between the output stage and input stage. [ EXECUTION ERROR #343: DEVICE_SHADER_LINKAGE_REGISTERINDEX ] D3D10: ERROR: ID3D10Device::DrawIndexed: Input Assembler - Vertex Shader linkage error: Signatures between stages are incompatible. The reason is that the input stage requires Semantic/Index (POSITION,0) as input, but it is not provided by the output stage. [ EXECUTION ERROR #342: DEVICE_SHADER_LINKAGE_SEMANTICNAME_NOT_FOUND ] The thing is, I've no idea how to fix this. The code I'm using does work and I've simply brought all of that code into a new project of mine. There are no build errors and this only appears when the game is running The .fx file is as follows: float4x4 matWorld; float4x4 matView; float4x4 matProjection; struct VS_INPUT { float4 Pos:POSITION; float2 TexCoord:TEXCOORD; }; struct PS_INPUT { float4 Pos:SV_POSITION; float2 TexCoord:TEXCOORD; }; Texture2D diffuseTexture; SamplerState diffuseSampler { Filter = MIN_MAG_MIP_POINT; AddressU = WRAP; AddressV = WRAP; }; // // Vertex Shader // PS_INPUT VS( VS_INPUT input ) { PS_INPUT output=(PS_INPUT)0; float4x4 viewProjection=mul(matView,matProjection); float4x4 worldViewProjection=mul(matWorld,viewProjection); output.Pos=mul(input.Pos,worldViewProjection); output.TexCoord=input.TexCoord; return output; } // // Pixel Shader // float4 PS(PS_INPUT input ) : SV_Target { return diffuseTexture.Sample(diffuseSampler,input.TexCoord); //return float4(1.0f,1.0f,1.0f,1.0f); } RasterizerState NoCulling { FILLMODE=SOLID; CULLMODE=NONE; }; technique10 Render { pass P0 { SetVertexShader( CompileShader( vs_4_0, VS() ) ); SetGeometryShader( NULL ); SetPixelShader( CompileShader( ps_4_0, PS() ) ); SetRasterizerState(NoCulling); } } In my game, the .fx file and model are called and set as follows: Loading in shader file //Set the shader flags - BMD DWORD dwShaderFlags = D3D10_SHADER_ENABLE_STRICTNESS; #if defined( DEBUG ) || defined( _DEBUG ) dwShaderFlags |= D3D10_SHADER_DEBUG; #endif ID3D10Blob * pErrorBuffer=NULL; if( FAILED( D3DX10CreateEffectFromFile( TEXT("TransformedTexture.fx" ), NULL, NULL, "fx_4_0", dwShaderFlags, 0, md3dDevice, NULL, NULL, &m_pEffect, &pErrorBuffer, NULL ) ) ) { char * pErrorStr = ( char* )pErrorBuffer->GetBufferPointer(); //If the creation of the Effect fails then a message box will be shown MessageBoxA( NULL, pErrorStr, "Error", MB_OK ); return false; } //Get the technique called Render from the effect, we need this for rendering later on m_pTechnique=m_pEffect->GetTechniqueByName("Render"); //Number of elements in the layout UINT numElements = TexturedLitVertex::layoutSize; //Get the Pass description, we need this to bind the vertex to the pipeline D3D10_PASS_DESC PassDesc; m_pTechnique->GetPassByIndex( 0 )->GetDesc( &PassDesc ); //Create Input layout to describe the incoming buffer to the input assembler if (FAILED(md3dDevice->CreateInputLayout( TexturedLitVertex::layout, numElements,PassDesc.pIAInputSignature, PassDesc.IAInputSignatureSize, &m_pVertexLayout ) ) ) { return false; } model loading: m_pTestRenderable=new CRenderable(); //m_pTestRenderable->create<TexturedVertex>(md3dDevice,8,6,vertices,indices); m_pModelLoader = new CModelLoader(); m_pTestRenderable = m_pModelLoader->loadModelFromFile( md3dDevice,"armoredrecon.fbx" ); m_pGameObjectTest = new CGameObject(); m_pGameObjectTest->setRenderable( m_pTestRenderable ); // Set primitive topology, how are we going to interpet the vertices in the vertex buffer md3dDevice->IASetPrimitiveTopology( D3D10_PRIMITIVE_TOPOLOGY_TRIANGLELIST ); if ( FAILED( D3DX10CreateShaderResourceViewFromFile( md3dDevice, TEXT( "armoredrecon_diff.png" ), NULL, NULL, &m_pTextureShaderResource, NULL ) ) ) { MessageBox( NULL, TEXT( "Can't load Texture" ), TEXT( "Error" ), MB_OK ); return false; } m_pDiffuseTextureVariable = m_pEffect->GetVariableByName( "diffuseTexture" )->AsShaderResource(); m_pDiffuseTextureVariable->SetResource( m_pTextureShaderResource ); Finally, the draw function code: //All drawing will occur between the clear and present m_pViewMatrixVariable->SetMatrix( ( float* )m_matView ); m_pWorldMatrixVariable->SetMatrix( ( float* )m_pGameObjectTest->getWorld() ); //Get the stride(size) of the a vertex, we need this to tell the pipeline the size of one vertex UINT stride = m_pTestRenderable->getStride(); //The offset from start of the buffer to where our vertices are located UINT offset = m_pTestRenderable->getOffset(); ID3D10Buffer * pVB=m_pTestRenderable->getVB(); //Bind the vertex buffer to input assembler stage - md3dDevice->IASetVertexBuffers( 0, 1, &pVB, &stride, &offset ); md3dDevice->IASetIndexBuffer( m_pTestRenderable->getIB(), DXGI_FORMAT_R32_UINT, 0 ); //Get the Description of the technique, we need this in order to loop through each pass in the technique D3D10_TECHNIQUE_DESC techDesc; m_pTechnique->GetDesc( &techDesc ); //Loop through the passes in the technique for( UINT p = 0; p < techDesc.Passes; ++p ) { //Get a pass at current index and apply it m_pTechnique->GetPassByIndex( p )->Apply( 0 ); //Draw call md3dDevice->DrawIndexed(m_pTestRenderable->getNumOfIndices(),0,0); //m_pD3D10Device->Draw(m_pTestRenderable->getNumOfVerts(),0); } Is there anything I've clearly done wrong or are missing? Spent 2 weeks trying to workout what on earth I've done wrong to no avail. Any insight a fresh pair eyes could give on this would be great.

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  • How to make a battle system in a mobile indie game more fun and engaging

    - by Matt Beckman
    I'm developing an indie game for mobile platforms, and part of the game involves a PvP battle system (where the target player is passive). My vision is simple: the active player can select a weapon/item, then attack/use, and display the calculated outcome. I have a concept for battle modifiers that affect stats to make it more interesting, but I'm not convinced the vision is complete. I've received some inspiration from the game engine that powers Modern War/Kingdom Age/Crime City, but I want more control to make it more fun. In those games, you don't have the option to select weapons or use items, and the "battling" screen is simply 3D eye candy. Since this will be an indie game, I won't be spending $$$ on a team of professional 3D artists/animators, so my edge needs to be different. How would you make a battle system like this more fun and engaging?

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  • How to shoot a triangle out of an asteroid which floats all of the way up to the screen?

    - by Holland
    I currently have an asteroid texture loaded as my "test player" for the game I'm writing. What I'm trying to figure out how to do is get a triangle to shoot from the center of the asteroid, and keep going until it hits the top of the screen. What happens in my case (as you'll see from the code I've posted), is that the triangle will show, however it will either be a long line, or it will just be a single triangle which stays in the same location as the asteroid moving around (that disappears when I stop pressing the space bar), or it simply won't appear at all. I've tried many different methods, but I could use a formula here. All I'm trying to do is write a space invaders clone for my final in C#. I know how to code fairly well, my formulas just need work is all. So far, this is what I have: Main Logic Code protected override void Draw(GameTime gameTime) { GraphicsDevice.Clear(ClearOptions.Target, Color.Black, 1, 1); mAsteroid.Draw(mSpriteBatch); if (mIsFired) { mPositions.Add(mAsteroid.LastPosition); mRay.Fire(mPositions); mIsFired = false; mRay.Bullets.Clear(); mPositions.Clear(); } base.Draw(gameTime); } Draw Code public void Draw() { VertexPositionColor[] vertices = new VertexPositionColor[3]; int stopDrawing = mGraphicsDevice.Viewport.Width / mGraphicsDevice.Viewport.Height; for (int i = 0; i < mRayPos.Length(); ++i) { vertices[0].Position = new Vector3(mRayPos.X, mRayPos.Y + 5f, 10); vertices[0].Color = Color.Blue; vertices[1].Position = new Vector3(mRayPos.X - 5f, mRayPos.Y - 5f, 10); vertices[1].Color = Color.White; vertices[2].Position = new Vector3(mRayPos.X + 5f, mRayPos.Y - 5f, 10); vertices[2].Color = Color.Red; mShader.CurrentTechnique.Passes[0].Apply(); mGraphicsDevice.DrawUserPrimitives<VertexPositionColor>(PrimitiveType.TriangleStrip, vertices, 0, 1); mRayPos += new Vector2(0, 1f); mGraphicsDevice.ReferenceStencil = 1; } }

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  • XNA 4.0 - Normal mapping shader - strange texture artifacts

    - by Taylor
    I recently started using custom shader. Shader can do diffuse and specular lighting and normal mapping. But normal mapping is causing really ugly artifacts (some sort of pixeling noise) for textures in greater distance. It looks like this: Image link This is HLSL code: // Matrix float4x4 World : World; float4x4 View : View; float4x4 Projection : Projection; //Textury texture2D ColorMap; sampler2D ColorMapSampler = sampler_state { Texture = <ColorMap>; MinFilter = Anisotropic; MagFilter = Linear; MipFilter = Linear; MaxAnisotropy = 16; }; texture2D NormalMap; sampler2D NormalMapSampler = sampler_state { Texture = <NormalMap>; MinFilter = Anisotropic; MagFilter = Linear; MipFilter = Linear; MaxAnisotropy = 16; }; // Light float4 AmbientColor : Color; float AmbientIntensity; float3 DiffuseDirection : LightPosition; float4 DiffuseColor : Color; float DiffuseIntensity; float4 SpecularColor : Color; float3 CameraPosition : CameraPosition; float Shininess; // The input for the VertexShader struct VertexShaderInput { float4 Position : POSITION0; float2 TexCoord : TEXCOORD0; float3 Normal : NORMAL0; float3 Binormal : BINORMAL0; float3 Tangent : TANGENT0; }; // The output from the vertex shader, used for later processing struct VertexShaderOutput { float4 Position : POSITION0; float2 TexCoord : TEXCOORD0; float3 View : TEXCOORD1; float3x3 WorldToTangentSpace : TEXCOORD2; }; // The VertexShader. VertexShaderOutput VertexShaderFunction(VertexShaderInput input, float3 Normal : NORMAL) { VertexShaderOutput output; float4 worldPosition = mul(input.Position, World); float4 viewPosition = mul(worldPosition, View); output.Position = mul(viewPosition, Projection); output.TexCoord = input.TexCoord; output.WorldToTangentSpace[0] = mul(normalize(input.Tangent), World); output.WorldToTangentSpace[1] = mul(normalize(input.Binormal), World); output.WorldToTangentSpace[2] = mul(normalize(input.Normal), World); output.View = normalize(float4(CameraPosition,1.0) - worldPosition); return output; } // The Pixel Shader float4 PixelShaderFunction(VertexShaderOutput input) : COLOR0 { float4 color = tex2D(ColorMapSampler, input.TexCoord); float3 normalMap = 2.0 *(tex2D(NormalMapSampler, input.TexCoord)) - 1.0; normalMap = normalize(mul(normalMap, input.WorldToTangentSpace)); float4 normal = float4(normalMap,1.0); float4 diffuse = saturate(dot(-DiffuseDirection,normal)); float4 reflect = normalize(2*diffuse*normal-float4(DiffuseDirection,1.0)); float4 specular = pow(saturate(dot(reflect,input.View)), Shininess); return color * AmbientColor * AmbientIntensity + color * DiffuseIntensity * DiffuseColor * diffuse + color * SpecularColor * specular; } // Techniques technique Lighting { pass Pass1 { VertexShader = compile vs_2_0 VertexShaderFunction(); PixelShader = compile ps_2_0 PixelShaderFunction(); } } Any advice? Thanks!

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  • XNA Required information to represent 2D Sprite graphically

    - by Fire-Dragon-DoL
    I was thinking about dividing my game engine into 2 threads: render thread and update thread (I can't come up on how to divide update thread from physic thread at the moment). That said, I have to duplicate all Sprite informations, what do I really need to represents a 2D Sprite graphically? Here are my ideas (I'll mark with ? things that I'm not sure): Vector2 Position float Rotation ? Vector2 Pivot ? Rectangle TextureRectangle Texture2D Texture Vector2 ImageOrigin ? (is it tracked somewhere else?) If you have any suggestion about using different types for datas, it's appreciated Last part of the question: isn't this a lot of data to copy in a buffer?what should I really copy in the buffer?I'm following this tutorial: http://www.sgtconker.com/2009/11/article-multi-threading-your-xna/3/ Thanks UPDATE 1: Newer values at the moment: Vector2 Position float Rotation Vector2 Pivot Rectangle TextureRectangle Texture2D Texture Color Color byte Facing (can be left or right, I'll do it with an enum) I re-read the tutorial, what I was doing wrong is not that I need to pass all those values, I need to pass only changed values as messages. UPDATE 2: Vector2 Position float Rotation Vector2 Pivot Rectangle TextureRectangle Texture2D Texture Color Color bool Flip uint DrawOrder Vector2 Scale bool Visible ? Mhhh, should Visibile be included?

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  • Testing on Device Other Than the Known Brand Question (Local and Imported Phone Question)

    - by David Dimalanta
    I have a question. When testing a device by using Eclipse, it's easy to install and add device software with these specific brands commonly used in game testing like Samsung, Google, T-Mobile, and HTC; according to the Android Developers website. What if I'm using other brands that runs on Android to test the program via Eclipse (i.e. MyPhone, Starmobile), what should I look for to download in order to enable testing phones that those brands are using other than the brands that are known and commonly used: model number or simply brand? Here's some examples of these brands other than the brands we've known that runs on Android: Starmobile Engage 7 (http://www.lazada.com.ph/Starmobile-Engage-7-Android-40-4GB-with-Wi-Fi-Black-Starmobile-Mercury-B201-COMBO-39833.html/) My|Phone A898 Duo (http://www.myphone.com.ph/#!a898-duo/c1yt) Also, take note that I'm a Filipino programmer working at the Philippines to test our local smartphones for the created Android game or app. Hope you can understand me for my help.

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  • Factors to consider when building an algorithm for gun recoil

    - by Nate Bross
    What would be a good algorithm for calculating the recoil of a shooting guns cross-hairs? What I've got now, is something like this: Define min/max recoil based on weapon size Generate random number of "delta" movement Apply random value to X, Y, or both of cross-hairs (only "up" on the Y axis) Multiply new delta based on time from the previous shot (more recoil for full-auto) What I'm worried about is that this feels rather predicable, what other factors should one take into account when building recoil? While I'd like it to be somewhat predictable, I'd also like to keep players on their toes. I'm thinking about increasing the min/max recoil values by a large amount (relatively) and adding a weighting, so large recoils will be more rare -- it seems like a lot of effort to go into something I felt would be simple. Maybe this is just something that needs to be fine-tuned with additional playtesting, and more playtesters? I think that it's important to note, that the recoil will be a large part of the game, and is a key factor in the game being fun/challenging or not.

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  • Tile-based 2D collision detection problems

    - by Vee
    I'm trying to follow this tutorial http://www.tonypa.pri.ee/tbw/tut05.html to implement real-time collisions in a tile-based world. I find the center coordinates of my entities thanks to these properties: public float CenterX { get { return X + Width / 2f; } set { X = value - Width / 2f; } } public float CenterY { get { return Y + Height / 2f; } set { Y = value - Height / 2f; } } Then in my update method, in the player class, which is called every frame, I have this code: public override void Update() { base.Update(); int downY = (int)Math.Floor((CenterY + Height / 2f - 1) / 16f); int upY = (int)Math.Floor((CenterY - Height / 2f) / 16f); int leftX = (int)Math.Floor((CenterX + Speed * NextX - Width / 2f) / 16f); int rightX = (int)Math.Floor((CenterX + Speed * NextX + Width / 2f - 1) / 16f); bool upleft = Game.CurrentMap[leftX, upY] != 1; bool downleft = Game.CurrentMap[leftX, downY] != 1; bool upright = Game.CurrentMap[rightX, upY] != 1; bool downright = Game.CurrentMap[rightX, downY] != 1; if(NextX == 1) { if (upright && downright) CenterX += Speed; else CenterX = (Game.GetCellX(CenterX) + 1)*16 - Width / 2f; } } downY, upY, leftX and rightX should respectively find the lowest Y position, the highest Y position, the leftmost X position and the rightmost X position. I add + Speed * NextX because in the tutorial the getMyCorners function is called with these parameters: getMyCorners (ob.x+ob.speed*dirx, ob.y, ob); The GetCellX and GetCellY methods: public int GetCellX(float mX) { return (int)Math.Floor(mX / SGame.Camera.TileSize); } public int GetCellY(float mY) { return (int)Math.Floor(mY / SGame.Camera.TileSize); } The problem is that the player "flickers" while hitting a wall, and the corner detection doesn't even work correctly since it can overlap walls that only hit one of the corners. I do not understand what is wrong. In the tutorial the ob.x and ob.y fields should be the same as my CenterX and CenterY properties, and the ob.width and ob.height should be the same as Width / 2f and Height / 2f. However it still doesn't work. Thanks for your help.

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  • Why would GLCapabilities.setHardwareAccelerated(true/false) have no effect on performance?

    - by Luke
    I've got a JOGL application in which I am rendering 1 million textures (all the same texture) and 1 million lines between those textures. Basically it's a ball-and-stick graph. I am storing the vertices in a vertex array on the card and referencing them via index arrays, which are also stored on the card. Each pass through the draw loop I am basically doing this: gl.glBindBuffer(GL.GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, <buffer id>); gl.glBindBuffer(GL.GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, <buffer id>); gl.glDrawElements(GL.GL_POINTS, <size>, GL.GL_UNSIGNED_INT, 0); gl.glBindBuffer(GL.GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, <buffer id>); gl.glBindBuffer(GL.GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, <buffer id>); gl.glDrawElements(GL.GL_LINES, <size>, GL.GL_UNSIGNED_INT, 0); I noticed that the JOGL library is pegging one of my CPU cores. Every frame, the run method internal to the library is taking quite long. I'm not sure why this is happening since I have called setHardwareAccelerated(true) on the GLCapabilities used to create my canvas. What's more interesting is that I changed it to setHardwareAccelerated(false) and there was no impact on the performance at all. Is it possible that my code is not using hardware rendering even when it is set to true? Is there any way to check? EDIT: As suggested, I have tested breaking my calls up into smaller chunks. I have tried using glDrawRangeElements and respecting the limits that it requests. All of these simply resulted in the same pegged CPU usage and worse framerates. I have also narrowed the problem down to a simpler example where I just render 4 million textures (no lines). The draw loop then just doing this: gl.glEnableClientState(GL.GL_VERTEX_ARRAY); gl.glEnableClientState(GL.GL_INDEX_ARRAY); gl.glClear(GL.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL.GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT); gl.glMatrixMode(GL.GL_MODELVIEW); gl.glLoadIdentity(); <... Camera and transform related code ...> gl.glEnableVertexAttribArray(0); gl.glEnable(GL.GL_TEXTURE_2D); gl.glAlphaFunc(GL.GL_GREATER, ALPHA_TEST_LIMIT); gl.glEnable(GL.GL_ALPHA_TEST); <... Bind texture ...> gl.glBindBuffer(GL.GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, <buffer id>); gl.glBindBuffer(GL.GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, <buffer id>); gl.glDrawElements(GL.GL_POINTS, <size>, GL.GL_UNSIGNED_INT, 0); gl.glDisable(GL.GL_TEXTURE_2D); gl.glDisable(GL.GL_ALPHA_TEST); gl.glDisableVertexAttribArray(0); gl.glFlush(); Where the first buffer contains 12 million floats (the x,y,z coords of the 4 million textures) and the second (element) buffer contains 4 million integers. In this simple example it is simply the integers 0 through 3999999. I really want to know what is being done in software that is pegging my CPU, and how I can make it stop (if I can). My buffers are generated by the following code: gl.glBindBuffer(GL.GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, <buffer id>); gl.glBufferData(GL.GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, <size> * BufferUtil.SIZEOF_FLOAT, <buffer>, GL.GL_STATIC_DRAW); gl.glVertexAttribPointer(0, 3, GL.GL_FLOAT, false, 0, 0); and: gl.glBindBuffer(GL.GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, <buffer id>); gl.glBufferData(GL.GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, <size> * BufferUtil.SIZEOF_INT, <buffer>, GL.GL_STATIC_DRAW); ADDITIONAL INFO: Here is my initialization code: gl.setSwapInterval(1); //Also tried 0 gl.glShadeModel(GL.GL_SMOOTH); gl.glClearDepth(1.0f); gl.glEnable(GL.GL_DEPTH_TEST); gl.glDepthFunc(GL.GL_LESS); gl.glHint(GL.GL_PERSPECTIVE_CORRECTION_HINT, GL.GL_FASTEST); gl.glPointParameterfv(GL.GL_POINT_DISTANCE_ATTENUATION, POINT_DISTANCE_ATTENUATION, 0); gl.glPointParameterfv(GL.GL_POINT_SIZE_MIN, MIN_POINT_SIZE, 0); gl.glPointParameterfv(GL.GL_POINT_SIZE_MAX, MAX_POINT_SIZE, 0); gl.glPointSize(POINT_SIZE); gl.glTexEnvf(GL.GL_POINT_SPRITE, GL.GL_COORD_REPLACE, GL.GL_TRUE); gl.glEnable(GL.GL_POINT_SPRITE); gl.glClearColor(clearColor.getX(), clearColor.getY(), clearColor.getZ(), 0.0f); Also, I'm not sure if this helps or not, but when I drag the entire graph off the screen, the FPS shoots back up and the CPU usage falls to 0%. This seems obvious and intuitive to me, but I thought that might give a hint to someone else.

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  • How can I compile SM 3.0 effects in D3D11 in slimdx?

    - by jacker
    var bytecode = ShaderBytecode.CompileFromFile("shaders\\testShader.fx", "fx_5_0", ShaderFlags.None, SlimDX.D3DCompiler.EffectFlags.None, null, null, out str); var effect = new SlimDX.Direct3D11.Effect(gpu.Device, bytecode); Works fine but if I try to use another shader model like 4.0 or 3.0 it throws an error on the new effect creation: E_FAIL: An undetermined error occurred (-2147467259) How do I compile older shaders? And I've read about device context but I can't find any information on how to use them to maintain DX9 compatibility.

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  • Derive a algorithm to match best position

    - by Farooq Arshed
    I have pieces in my game which have stats and cost assigned to them and they can only be placed at a certain location. Lets say I have 50 pieces. e.g. Piece1 = 100 stats, 10 cost, Position A. Piece2 = 120 stats, 5 cost, Position B. Piece3 = 500 stats, 50 cost, Position C. Piece4 = 200 stats, 25 cost, Position A. and so on.. I have a board on which 12 pieces have to be allocated and have to remain inside the board cost. e.g. A board has A,B,C ... J,K,L positions and X Cost assigned to it. I have to figure out a way to place best possible piece in the correct position and should remain within the cost specified by the board. Any help would be appreciated.

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  • Skyrim Nexus Mods on Xbox 360 by use of dawnguard?

    - by user17895
    i think it's possible i opened up the dawnguard marketplace content and it consists 3 files: dawnguard.bsa < mod dawnguard.esp <- mod installing file. and spa.bin <-dont know where this is for. and it has been confirmed you can use the top 2 files on pc for a not fully functional dawnguard (barely functional to be exact) and if we could just replace or add a few other bsa and esp files to this marketplace content we could get mods up and running on xbox altough i need confirmation on this. I also have no clue where the spa.bin file for is, i need to examine it some further. Further this is adding a few non-distributed Files to marketplace content and wont get you booted from XBL. Also if anyone wants to examine these files for further information i will gladly share them with you. if you have any information or answers please email me at [email protected] thx

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  • 2D Tile Game - Smooth Biome Terrain Transitions

    - by Cyral
    While working on my 2D tile based game, I encountered a problem. I use Perlin Noise to generate the terrain. Some biomes (Desert, Forest, etc) have different flatness values depending on terrain, which causes the end/start of a new biome to have a big cliff because the terrain is different. When 2 biomes have the same flatness, they are fine, but if they are different, this can happen. Is there any way to keep this from happening? Example (In programmer art)

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  • Role of systems in entity systems architecture

    - by bio595
    I've been reading a lot about entity components and systems and have thought that the idea of an entity just being an ID is quite interesting. However I don't know how this completely works with the components aspect or the systems aspect. A component is just a data object managed by some relevant system. A collision system uses some BoundsComponent together with a spatial data structure to determine if collisions have happened. All good so far, but what if multiple systems need access to the same component? Where should the data live? An input system could modify an entities BoundsComponent, but the physics system(s) need access to the same component as does some rendering system. Also, how are entities constructed? One of the advantages I've read so much about is flexibility in entity construction. Are systems intrinsically tied to a component? If I want to introduce some new component, do I also have to introduce a new system or modify an existing one? Another thing that I've read often is that the 'type' of an entity is inferred by what components it has. If my entity is just an id how can I know that my robot entity needs to be moved or rendered and thus modified by some system? Sorry for the long post (or at least it seems so from my phone screen)!

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  • Oscillating Sprite Movement in XNA

    - by Nick Van Hoogenstyn
    I'm working on a 2d game and am looking to make a sprite move horizontally across the screen in XNA while oscillating vertically (basically I want the movement to look like a sin wave). Currently for movement I'm using two vectors, one for speed and one for direction. My update function for sprites just contains this: Position += direction * speed * (float)t.ElapsedGameTime.TotalSeconds; How could I utilize this setup to create the desired movement? I'm assuming I'd call Math.Sin or Math.Cos, but I'm unsure of where to start to make this sort of thing happened. My attempt looked like this: public override void Update(GameTime t) { double msElapsed = t.TotalGameTime.Milliseconds; mDirection.Y = (float)Math.Sin(msElapsed); if (mDirection.Y >= 0) mSpeed.Y = moveSpeed; else mSpeed.Y = -moveSpeed; base.Update(t, mSpeed, mDirection); } moveSpeed is just some constant positive integer. With this, the sprite simply just continuously moves downward until it's off screen. Can anyone give me some info on what I'm doing wrong here? I've never tried something like this so if I'm doing things completely wrong, let me know!

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  • Java collision detection and player movement: tips

    - by Loris
    I have read a short guide for game develompent (java, without external libraries). I'm facing with collision detection and player (and bullets) movements. Now i put the code. Most of it is taken from the guide (should i link this guide?). I'm just trying to expand and complete it. This is the class that take care of updates movements and firing mechanism (and collision detection): public class ArenaController { private Arena arena; /** selected cell for movement */ private float targetX, targetY; /** true if droid is moving */ private boolean moving = false; /** true if droid is shooting to enemy */ private boolean shooting = false; private DroidController droidController; public ArenaController(Arena arena) { this.arena = arena; this.droidController = new DroidController(arena); } public void update(float delta) { Droid droid = arena.getDroid(); //droid movements if (moving) { droidController.moveDroid(delta, targetX, targetY); //check if arrived if (droid.getX() == targetX && droid.getY() == targetY) moving = false; } //firing mechanism if(shooting) { //stop shot if there aren't bullets if(arena.getBullets().isEmpty()) { shooting = false; } for(int i = 0; i < arena.getBullets().size(); i++) { //current bullet Bullet bullet = arena.getBullets().get(i); System.out.println(bullet.getBounds()); //angle calculation double angle = Math.atan2(bullet.getEnemyY() - bullet.getY(), bullet.getEnemyX() - bullet.getX()); //increments x and y bullet.setX((float) (bullet.getX() + (Math.cos(angle) * bullet.getSpeed() * delta))); bullet.setY((float) (bullet.getY() + (Math.sin(angle) * bullet.getSpeed() * delta))); //collision with obstacles for(int j = 0; j < arena.getObstacles().size(); j++) { Obstacle obs = arena.getObstacles().get(j); if(bullet.getBounds().intersects(obs.getBounds())) { System.out.println("Collision detect!"); arena.removeBullet(bullet); } } //collisions with enemies for(int j = 0; j < arena.getEnemies().size(); j++) { Enemy ene = arena.getEnemies().get(j); if(bullet.getBounds().intersects(ene.getBounds())) { System.out.println("Collision detect!"); arena.removeBullet(bullet); } } } } } public boolean onClick(int x, int y) { //click on empty cell if(arena.getGrid()[(int)(y / Arena.TILE)][(int)(x / Arena.TILE)] == null) { //coordinates targetX = x / Arena.TILE; targetY = y / Arena.TILE; //enables movement moving = true; return true; } //click on enemy: fire if(arena.getGrid()[(int)(y / Arena.TILE)][(int)(x / Arena.TILE)] instanceof Enemy) { //coordinates float enemyX = x / Arena.TILE; float enemyY = y / Arena.TILE; //new bullet Bullet bullet = new Bullet(); //start coordinates bullet.setX(arena.getDroid().getX()); bullet.setY(arena.getDroid().getY()); //end coordinates (enemie) bullet.setEnemyX(enemyX); bullet.setEnemyY(enemyY); //adds bullet to arena arena.addBullet(bullet); //enables shooting shooting = true; return true; } return false; } As you can see for collision detection i'm trying to use Rectangle object. Droid example: import java.awt.geom.Rectangle2D; public class Droid { private float x; private float y; private float speed = 20f; private float rotation = 0f; private float damage = 2f; public static final int DIAMETER = 32; private Rectangle2D rectangle; public Droid() { rectangle = new Rectangle2D.Float(x, y, DIAMETER, DIAMETER); } public float getX() { return x; } public void setX(float x) { this.x = x; //rectangle update rectangle.setRect(x, y, DIAMETER, DIAMETER); } public float getY() { return y; } public void setY(float y) { this.y = y; //rectangle update rectangle.setRect(x, y, DIAMETER, DIAMETER); } public float getSpeed() { return speed; } public void setSpeed(float speed) { this.speed = speed; } public float getRotation() { return rotation; } public void setRotation(float rotation) { this.rotation = rotation; } public float getDamage() { return damage; } public void setDamage(float damage) { this.damage = damage; } public Rectangle2D getRectangle() { return rectangle; } } For now, if i start the application and i try to shot to an enemy, is immediately detected a collision and the bullet is removed! Can you help me with this? If the bullet hit an enemy or an obstacle in his way, it must disappear. Ps: i know that the movements of the bullets should be managed in another class. This code is temporary. update I realized what happens, but not why. With those for loops (which checks collisions) the movements of the bullets are instantaneous instead of gradual. In addition to this, if i add the collision detection to the Droid, the method intersects returns true ALWAYS while the droid is moving! public void moveDroid(float delta, float x, float y) { Droid droid = arena.getDroid(); int bearing = 1; if (droid.getX() > x) { bearing = -1; } if (droid.getX() != x) { droid.setX(droid.getX() + bearing * droid.getSpeed() * delta); //obstacles collision detection for(Obstacle obs : arena.getObstacles()) { if(obs.getRectangle().intersects(droid.getRectangle())) { System.out.println("Collision detected"); //ALWAYS HERE } } //controlla se è arrivato if ((droid.getX() < x && bearing == -1) || (droid.getX() > x && bearing == 1)) droid.setX(x); } bearing = 1; if (droid.getY() > y) { bearing = -1; } if (droid.getY() != y) { droid.setY(droid.getY() + bearing * droid.getSpeed() * delta); if ((droid.getY() < y && bearing == -1) || (droid.getY() > y && bearing == 1)) droid.setY(y); } }

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  • Using model tools as map editor

    - by cooky451
    I want to make a game which would require a 3D map editor. Of course, I would like to avoid creating such an editor. My idea is now to use modeling tools (3DS Max, Maya, Blender) to create the map, and to give game specific objects specified names. This way I'd just need to write an COLLADA - native map format converter. But I'm not sure if this is possible the way I imagine it, that's why I'd like to hear your thoughts on the matter. Are modeling tools suitable to create big open world maps? Can this "naming convention"-idea for game specific objects work? Are the modeling tools able to export a scene in chunks / in a way that occlusion culling and collision detection can be properly done? If not: Is there a way to build a suitable data structure from the exported data?

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  • Atmospheric scattering sky from space artifacts

    - by ollipekka
    I am in the process of implementing atmospheric scattering of a planets from space. I have been using Sean O'Neil's shaders from http://http.developer.nvidia.com/GPUGems2/gpugems2_chapter16.html as a starting point. I have pretty much the same problem related to fCameraAngle except with SkyFromSpace shader as opposed to GroundFromSpace shader as here: http://www.gamedev.net/topic/621187-sean-oneils-atmospheric-scattering/ I get strange artifacts with sky from space shader when not using fCameraAngle = 1 in the inner loop. What is the cause of these artifacts? The artifacts disappear when fCameraAngle is limtied to 1. I also seem to lack the hue that is present in O'Neil's sandbox (http://sponeil.net/downloads.htm) Camera position X=0, Y=0, Z=500. GroundFromSpace on the left, SkyFromSpace on the right. Camera position X=500, Y=500, Z=500. GroundFromSpace on the left, SkyFromSpace on the right. I've found that the camera angle seems to handled very differently depending the source: In the original shaders the camera angle in SkyFromSpaceShader is calculated as: float fCameraAngle = dot(v3Ray, v3SamplePoint) / fHeight; Whereas in ground from space shader the camera angle is calculated as: float fCameraAngle = dot(-v3Ray, v3Pos) / length(v3Pos); However, various sources online tinker with negating the ray. Why is this? Here is a C# Windows.Forms project that demonstrates the problem and that I've used to generate the images: https://github.com/ollipekka/AtmosphericScatteringTest/ Update: I have found out from the ScatterCPU project found on O'Neil's site that the camera ray is negated when the camera is above the point being shaded so that the scattering is calculated from point to the camera. Changing the ray direction indeed does remove artifacts, but introduces other problems as illustrated here: Furthermore, in the ScatterCPU project, O'Neil guards against situations where optical depth for light is less than zero: float fLightDepth = Scale(fLightAngle, fScaleDepth); if (fLightDepth < float.Epsilon) { continue; } As pointed out in the comments, along with these new artifacts this still leaves the question, what is wrong with the images where camera is positioned at 500, 500, 500? It feels like the halo is focused on completely wrong part of the planet. One would expect that the light would be closer to the spot where the sun should hits the planet, rather than where it changes from day to night. The github project has been updated to reflect changes in this update.

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  • Physics engine that can handle multiple attractors?

    - by brice
    I'm putting together a game that will be played mostly with three dimensional gravity. By that I mean multiple planets/stars/moons behaving realistically, and path plotting and path prediction in the gravity field. I have looked at a variety of physics engines, such as Bullet, tokamak or Newton, but none of them seem to be suitable, as I'd essentially have to re-write the gravity engine in their framework. Do you know of a physics engine that is capable of dealing with multiple bodies all attracted to one another? I don't need scenegraph management, or rendering, just core physics. (collision detection would be a bonus, as would rigid body dynamics). My background is in physics, so I would be able to write an engine that uses Verlet integration or RK4 (or even Euler integration, if I had to) but I'd much rather adapt an off the shelf solution. [edit]: There are some great resources for physics simulation of n-body problems online, and on stackoverflow

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  • Multiple Key Presses in XNA?

    - by Bryan Harrington
    I'm actually trying to do something fairly simple. I cannot get multiple key presses to work in XNA. I've tried the following pieces of code. else if (keyboardState.IsKeyDown(Keys.Down) && (keyboardState.IsKeyDown(Keys.Left))) { //Move Character South-West } and I tried. else if (keyboardState.IsKeyDown(Keys.Down)) { if (keyboardState.IsKeyDown(Keys.Left)) { //Move Character South-West } } Neither worked for me. Single presses work just fine. Any thoughts?

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  • Approaches to timed puzzle elements

    - by ndg
    I'm working on a side scrolling game that has a number of timed puzzle elements. As a simple example: I have a number of moving platforms that have been setup to transition in a pattern. Ideally I'd like to ensure that as the player first approaches them, they are in an ideal state -- whereby the player can witness the full transition and more experienced players (i.e: speedrunners) can complete the puzzle immediately without having to wait for the current transition to complete. The issue here, in a nutshell, is that because these platforms begin transitioning at the start of the level, it's impossible to correctly calculate when the player is likely to stumble upon them. I've done a fair bit of Googling but haven't managed to turn up any decent resources with regards to solving a problem like this. The obvious solution is to only begin updating the objects when the player (or more likely: the camera) first encounters them. But this becomes difficult when you consider more complicated situations. It seems like potentially the easiest way of handling this is to have an invisible trigger volume that will tell any puzzle elements located inside of it that the player has 'arrived' upon first colliding with the player. But this would mean I'd have to logically group puzzle elements, which could become fairly messy in a hurry. Take, for instance, a puzzle that appears to the right of the screen. It may take the player a number of seconds to reach it. It would look strange if the elements involved were to remain stationary. But by the time the player arrives, it's likely things will be 'out of sync'. I wanted to post here in the hopes that others know of, or have implemented, a decent solution to this problem?

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  • My raycaster is putting out strange results, how do I fix it?

    - by JamesK89
    I'm working on a raycaster in ActionScript 3.0 for the fun of it, and as a learning experience. I've got it up and running and its displaying me output as expected however I'm getting this strange bug where rays go through corners of blocks and the edges of blocks appear through walls. Maybe somebody with more experience can point out what I'm doing wrong or maybe a fresh pair of eyes can spot a tiny bug I haven't noticed. Thank you so much for your help! Screenshots: http://i55.tinypic.com/25koebm.jpg http://i51.tinypic.com/zx5jq9.jpg Relevant code: function drawScene() { rays.graphics.clear(); rays.graphics.lineStyle(1, rgba(0x00,0x66,0x00)); var halfFov = (player.fov/2); var numRays:int = ( stage.stageWidth / COLUMN_SIZE ); var prjDist = ( stage.stageWidth / 2 ) / Math.tan(toRad( halfFov )); var angStep = ( player.fov / numRays ); for( var i:int = 0; i < numRays; i++ ) { var rAng = ( ( player.angle - halfFov ) + ( angStep * i ) ) % 360; if( rAng < 0 ) rAng += 360; var ray:Object = castRay(player.position, rAng); drawRaySlice(i*COLUMN_SIZE, prjDist, player.angle, ray); } } function drawRaySlice(sx:int, prjDist, angle, ray:Object) { if( ray.distance >= MAX_DIST ) return; var height:int = int(( TILE_SIZE / (ray.distance * Math.cos(toRad(angle-ray.angle))) ) * prjDist); if( !height ) return; var yTop = int(( stage.stageHeight / 2 ) - ( height / 2 )); if( yTop < 0 ) yTop = 0; var yBot = int(( stage.stageHeight / 2 ) + ( height / 2 )); if( yBot > stage.stageHeight ) yBot = stage.stageHeight; rays.graphics.moveTo( (ray.origin.x / TILE_SIZE) * MINI_SIZE, (ray.origin.y / TILE_SIZE) * MINI_SIZE ); rays.graphics.lineTo( (ray.hit.x / TILE_SIZE) * MINI_SIZE, (ray.hit.y / TILE_SIZE) * MINI_SIZE ); for( var x:int = 0; x < COLUMN_SIZE; x++ ) { for( var y:int = yTop; y < yBot; y++ ) { buffer.setPixel(sx+x, y, clrTable[ray.tile-1] >> ( ray.horz ? 1 : 0 )); } } } function castRay(origin:Point, angle):Object { // Return values var rTexel = 0; var rHorz = false; var rTile = 0; var rDist = MAX_DIST + 1; var rMap:Point = new Point(); var rHit:Point = new Point(); // Ray angle and slope var ra = toRad(angle) % ANGLE_360; if( ra < ANGLE_0 ) ra += ANGLE_360; var rs = Math.tan(ra); var rUp = ( ra > ANGLE_0 && ra < ANGLE_180 ); var rRight = ( ra < ANGLE_90 || ra > ANGLE_270 ); // Ray position var rx = 0; var ry = 0; // Ray step values var xa = 0; var ya = 0; // Ray position, in map coordinates var mx:int = 0; var my:int = 0; var mt:int = 0; // Distance var dx = 0; var dy = 0; var ds = MAX_DIST + 1; // Horizontal intersection if( ra != ANGLE_180 && ra != ANGLE_0 && ra != ANGLE_360 ) { ya = ( rUp ? TILE_SIZE : -TILE_SIZE ); xa = ya / rs; ry = int( origin.y / TILE_SIZE ) * ( TILE_SIZE ) + ( rUp ? TILE_SIZE : -1 ); rx = origin.x + ( ry - origin.y ) / rs; mx = 0; my = 0; while( mx >= 0 && my >= 0 && mx < world.size.x && my < world.size.y ) { mx = int( rx / TILE_SIZE ); my = int( ry / TILE_SIZE ); mt = getMapTile(mx,my); if( mt > 0 && mt < 9 ) { dx = rx - origin.x; dy = ry - origin.y; ds = ( dx * dx ) + ( dy * dy ); if( rDist >= MAX_DIST || ds < rDist ) { rDist = ds; rTile = mt; rMap.x = mx; rMap.y = my; rHit.x = rx; rHit.y = ry; rHorz = true; rTexel = int(rx % TILE_SIZE) } break; } rx += xa; ry += ya; } } // Vertical intersection if( ra != ANGLE_90 && ra != ANGLE_270 ) { xa = ( rRight ? TILE_SIZE : -TILE_SIZE ); ya = xa * rs; rx = int( origin.x / TILE_SIZE ) * ( TILE_SIZE ) + ( rRight ? TILE_SIZE : -1 ); ry = origin.y + ( rx - origin.x ) * rs; mx = 0; my = 0; while( mx >= 0 && my >= 0 && mx < world.size.x && my < world.size.y ) { mx = int( rx / TILE_SIZE ); my = int( ry / TILE_SIZE ); mt = getMapTile(mx,my); if( mt > 0 && mt < 9 ) { dx = rx - origin.x; dy = ry - origin.y; ds = ( dx * dx ) + ( dy * dy ); if( rDist >= MAX_DIST || ds < rDist ) { rDist = ds; rTile = mt; rMap.x = mx; rMap.y = my; rHit.x = rx; rHit.y = ry; rHorz = false; rTexel = int(ry % TILE_SIZE); } break; } rx += xa; ry += ya; } } return { angle: angle, distance: Math.sqrt(rDist), hit: rHit, map: rMap, tile: rTile, horz: rHorz, origin: origin, texel: rTexel }; }

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