Search Results

Search found 33291 results on 1332 pages for 'development environment'.

Page 486/1332 | < Previous Page | 482 483 484 485 486 487 488 489 490 491 492 493  | Next Page >

  • Impact of variable-length loops on GPU shaders

    - by Will
    Its popular to render procedural content inside the GPU e.g. in the demoscene (drawing a single quad to fill the screen and letting the GPU compute the pixels). Ray marching is popular: This means the GPU is executing some unknown number of loop iterations per pixel (although you can have an upper bound like maxIterations). How does having a variable-length loop affect shader performance? Imagine the simple ray-marching psuedocode: t = 0.f; while(t < maxDist) { p = rayStart + rayDir * t; d = DistanceFunc(p); t += d; if(d < epsilon) { ... emit p return; } } How are the various mainstream GPU families (Nvidia, ATI, PowerVR, Mali, Intel, etc) affected? Vertex shaders, but particularly fragment shaders? How can it be optimised?

    Read the article

  • My frustum culling is culling from the wrong point

    - by Xbetas
    I'm having problems with my frustum being in the wrong origin. It follows the rotation of my camera but not the position. In my camera class I'm generating a view-matrix: void Camera::Update() { UpdateViewMatrix(); glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW); //glLoadIdentity(); glLoadMatrixf(GetViewMatrix().m); } Then extracting the planes using the projection matrix and modelview matrix: void UpdateFrustum() { Matrix4x4 projection, model, clip; glGetFloatv(GL_PROJECTION_MATRIX, projection.m); glGetFloatv(GL_MODELVIEW_MATRIX, model.m); clip = model * projection; m_Planes[RIGHT][0] = clip.m[ 3] - clip.m[ 0]; m_Planes[RIGHT][1] = clip.m[ 7] - clip.m[ 4]; m_Planes[RIGHT][2] = clip.m[11] - clip.m[ 8]; m_Planes[RIGHT][3] = clip.m[15] - clip.m[12]; NormalizePlane(RIGHT); m_Planes[LEFT][0] = clip.m[ 3] + clip.m[ 0]; m_Planes[LEFT][1] = clip.m[ 7] + clip.m[ 4]; m_Planes[LEFT][2] = clip.m[11] + clip.m[ 8]; m_Planes[LEFT][3] = clip.m[15] + clip.m[12]; NormalizePlane(LEFT); m_Planes[BOTTOM][0] = clip.m[ 3] + clip.m[ 1]; m_Planes[BOTTOM][1] = clip.m[ 7] + clip.m[ 5]; m_Planes[BOTTOM][2] = clip.m[11] + clip.m[ 9]; m_Planes[BOTTOM][3] = clip.m[15] + clip.m[13]; NormalizePlane(BOTTOM); m_Planes[TOP][0] = clip.m[ 3] - clip.m[ 1]; m_Planes[TOP][1] = clip.m[ 7] - clip.m[ 5]; m_Planes[TOP][2] = clip.m[11] - clip.m[ 9]; m_Planes[TOP][3] = clip.m[15] - clip.m[13]; NormalizePlane(TOP); m_Planes[NEAR][0] = clip.m[ 3] + clip.m[ 2]; m_Planes[NEAR][1] = clip.m[ 7] + clip.m[ 6]; m_Planes[NEAR][2] = clip.m[11] + clip.m[10]; m_Planes[NEAR][3] = clip.m[15] + clip.m[14]; NormalizePlane(NEAR); m_Planes[FAR][0] = clip.m[ 3] - clip.m[ 2]; m_Planes[FAR][1] = clip.m[ 7] - clip.m[ 6]; m_Planes[FAR][2] = clip.m[11] - clip.m[10]; m_Planes[FAR][3] = clip.m[15] - clip.m[14]; NormalizePlane(FAR); } void NormalizePlane(int side) { float length = 1.0/(float)sqrt(m_Planes[side][0] * m_Planes[side][0] + m_Planes[side][1] * m_Planes[side][1] + m_Planes[side][2] * m_Planes[side][2]); m_Planes[side][0] /= length; m_Planes[side][1] /= length; m_Planes[side][2] /= length; m_Planes[side][3] /= length; } And check against it with: bool PointInFrustum(float x, float y, float z) { for(int i = 0; i < 6; i++) { if( m_Planes[i][0] * x + m_Planes[i][1] * y + m_Planes[i][2] * z + m_Planes[i][3] <= 0 ) return false; } return true; } Then i render using: camera->Update(); UpdateFrustum(); int numCulled = 0; for(int i = 0; i < (int)meshes.size(); i++) { if(!PointInFrustum(meshCenter.x, meshCenter.y, meshCenter.z)) { meshes[i]->SetDraw(false); numCulled++; } else meshes[i]->SetDraw(true); } What am i doing wrong?

    Read the article

  • OpenGL vs DirectX?

    - by Harold
    I saw the articles that were going on about OpenGL being better than DirectX and that Microsoft are really just trying to get everyone to use DirectX even though it's inferior so that gaming is almost exclusively for Windows and XBox, but since the article was written in 2006 is it still relevant today? Also I know plenty of games are written in DirectX but does anyone have any examples of popular games written in OpenGL? Thanks

    Read the article

  • How do I tackle top down RPG movement?

    - by WarmWaffles
    I have a game that I am writing in Java. It is a top down RPG and I am trying to handle movement in the world. The world is largely procedural and I am having a difficult time tackling how to handle character movement around the world and render the changes to the screen. I have the world loaded in blocks which contains all the tiles. How do I tackle the character movement? I am stumped and can't figure out where I should go with it. EDIT: Well I was abstract with the issue at hand. Right now I can only think of rigidly sticking everything into a 2D array and saving the block ID and the player offset in the Block or I could just "float" everything and move about between tiles so to speak.

    Read the article

  • Why doesn't my cube hold a position?

    - by Christian Frantz
    I gave up a previous method of creating cubes so I went with a list to hold my cube objects. The list is being populated from an array like so: #region MAP float[,] map = { {0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, {0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, {0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, {0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, {0, 0, 0, 0, 0} }; #endregion MAP for (int x = 0; x < mapWidth; x++) { for (int z = 0; z < mapHeight; z++) { cubes.Add(new Cube(device, new Vector3(x, map[x,z], z), Color.Green)); } } The cube follows all the parameters of what I had before. This is just easier to deal with. But when I debug, every cube has a position of (0, 0, 0) and there's just one black cube in the middle of my screen. What could I be doing wrong here? public Vector3 cubePosition { get; set; } public Cube(GraphicsDevice graphicsDevice, Vector3 Position, Color color) { device = graphicsDevice; color = Color.Green; Position = cubePosition; SetUpIndices(); SetUpVerticesArray(); } That's the cube constructor. All variables are being passed correctly I think

    Read the article

  • How can I determine if a cube is adjacent to another cube, and optimize its buffers if so?

    - by Christian Frantz
    I'm trying to optimize the rendering of a collection of cubes, (based on an answer I was given to another question I asked). I understand the logic behind occlusion culling, but I'm having trouble with the code. When I create a cube, I want to determine if that cube is touching another existing cube, and if so I don't want to generate the redundant data in my vertex or index buffers. I'm planning on making a method that I call from my cube constructor so that everytime I create a cube, these checks are made, and neither occluded face is ever drawn. How would I go about this?

    Read the article

  • Which Open Source Licenses can address concerns for an Open Source Game Engine?

    - by Chris
    I am on a team that is looking to open source an engine we are building. It's intended as an engine for Online RPG style games. We're writing it to work on both desktops and android platforms. I've been over to the OSI http://opensource.org/licenses/category to check out the most common licenses. However, this will be my first time going into an open source project and I wanted to know if the community had some insight into which licenses might be best suited. Key licensing concerns: Removing or limiting our liability (most already seem to cover this, but stating for completeness). We want other developers to be able to take part or all of our project and use it in their own projects with proper accreditation to our project. Licensing should not hinder someone's ability to quickly use the engine. They should be able to download a release and start using it without needing to wait on licensing issues. Game content (gfx, sound, etc.) that is not part of the engine should be allowed to be licensed separately. If someone is using our engine, they can retain full copy right of their content, including engine generated data. Our primary goal is exposure, which is why we're going open source to start with. Both for the project and for the individuals developing it. Are there any licenses that can require accreditation visible to players? While I'd put our primary goal as exposure, for licensing the accreditation is less of a concern. From what I've read through (and have been able to understand) it doesn't seem like any of the licenses cover anything that is produced by the licensed software. Are there any that state this specifically, or does simply not mentioning it leave it open for other licensing? Are there any other concerns that we should consider? Has anyone had any issues using any of these licenses?

    Read the article

  • Storing game objects with generic object information

    - by Mick
    In a simple game object class, you might have something like this: public abstract class GameObject { protected String name; // other properties protected double x, y; public GameObject(String name, double x, double y) { // etc } // setters, getters } I was thinking, since a lot of game objects (ex. generic monsters) will share the same name, movement speed, attack power, etc, it would be better to have all that information shared between all monsters of the same type. So I decided to have an abstract class "ObjectData" to hold all this shared information. So whenever I create a generic monster, I would use the same pre-created "ObjectData" for it. Now the above class becomes more like this: public abstract class GameObject { protected ObjectData data; protected double x, y; public GameObject(ObjectData data, double x, double y) { // etc } // setters, getters public String getName() { return data.getName(); } } So to tailor this specifically for a Monster (could be done in a very similar way for Npcs, etc), I would add 2 classes. Monster which extends GameObject, and MonsterData which extends ObjectData. Now I'll have something like this: public class Monster extends GameObject { public Monster(MonsterData data, double x, double y) { super(data, x, y); } } This is where my design question comes in. Since MonsterData would hold data specific to a generic monster (and would vary with what say NpcData holds), what would be the best way to access this extra information in a system like this? At the moment, since the data variable is of type ObjectData, I'll have to cast data to MonsterData whenever I use it inside the Monster class. One solution I thought of is this, but this might be bad practice: public class Monster extends GameObject { private MonsterData data; // <- this part here public Monster(MonsterData data, double x, double y) { super(data, x, y); this.data = data; // <- this part here } } I've read that for one I should generically avoid overwriting the underlying classes variables. What do you guys think of this solution? Is it bad practice? Do you have any better solutions? Is the design in general bad? How should I redesign this if it is? Thanks in advanced for any replies, and sorry about the long question. Hopefully it all makes sense!

    Read the article

  • Best way to prevent UIPanGestureRecognizer from firing when moving sprites in cocos2d

    - by cjroebuck
    Im using UIPanGestureRecognizer in my cocos2d game to do drag and drop of sprites. I have a row of sprites and when I drag a sprite on top of another one, the sprite underneath it and any other sprites between should shift left or right out of the way to allow space to drop the currently selected sprite. This is working ok, however, if I am too quick at dragging the sprite around the screen, this triggers another round of the UIPanGestureRecognizer's callback method, and screws up the logic, as the sprites are in-between shifting. I need a way to freeze the callback from firing, whilst the other sprites are shifting, then once they have finished moving, re-enable the callback to fire. Whats the best way to do this?

    Read the article

  • Game Object Factory: Fixing Memory Leaks

    - by Bunkai.Satori
    Dear all, this is going to be tough: I have created a game object factory that generates objects of my wish. However, I get memory leaks which I can not fix. Memory leaks are generated by return new Object(); in the bottom part of the code sample. static BaseObject * CreateObjectFunc() { return new Object(); } How and where to delete the pointers? I wrote bool ReleaseClassType(). Despite the factory works well, ReleaseClassType() does not fix memory leaks. bool ReleaseClassTypes() { unsigned int nRecordCount = vFactories.size(); for (unsigned int nLoop = 0; nLoop < nRecordCount; nLoop++ ) { // if the object exists in the container and is valid, then render it if( vFactories[nLoop] != NULL) delete vFactories[nLoop](); } return true; } Before taking a look at the code below, let me help you in that my CGameObjectFactory creates pointers to functions creating particular object type. The pointers are stored within vFactories vector container. I have chosen this way because I parse an object map file. I have object type IDs (integer values) which I need to translate them into real objects. Because I have over 100 different object data types, I wished to avoid continuously traversing very long Switch() statement. Therefore, to create an object, I call vFactoriesnEnumObjectTypeID via CGameObjectFactory::create() to call stored function that generates desired object. The position of the appropriate function in the vFactories is identical to the nObjectTypeID, so I can use indexing to access the function. So the question remains, how to proceed with garbage collection and avoid reported memory leaks? #ifndef GAMEOBJECTFACTORY_H_UNIPIXELS #define GAMEOBJECTFACTORY_H_UNIPIXELS //#include "MemoryManager.h" #include <vector> template <typename BaseObject> class CGameObjectFactory { public: // cleanup and release registered object data types bool ReleaseClassTypes() { unsigned int nRecordCount = vFactories.size(); for (unsigned int nLoop = 0; nLoop < nRecordCount; nLoop++ ) { // if the object exists in the container and is valid, then render it if( vFactories[nLoop] != NULL) delete vFactories[nLoop](); } return true; } // register new object data type template <typename Object> bool RegisterClassType(unsigned int nObjectIDParam ) { if(vFactories.size() < nObjectIDParam) vFactories.resize(nObjectIDParam); vFactories[nObjectIDParam] = &CreateObjectFunc<Object>; return true; } // create new object by calling the pointer to the appropriate type function BaseObject* create(unsigned int nObjectIDParam) const { return vFactories[nObjectIDParam](); } // resize the vector array containing pointers to function calls bool resize(unsigned int nSizeParam) { vFactories.resize(nSizeParam); return true; } private: //DECLARE_HEAP; template <typename Object> static BaseObject * CreateObjectFunc() { return new Object(); } typedef BaseObject*(*factory)(); std::vector<factory> vFactories; }; //DEFINE_HEAP_T(CGameObjectFactory, "Game Object Factory"); #endif // GAMEOBJECTFACTORY_H_UNIPIXELS

    Read the article

  • Unrealscript splitting a string

    - by burntsugar
    Note, this is repost from stackoverflow - I have only just discovered this site :) I need to split a string in Unrealscript, in the same way that Java's split function works. For instance - return the string "foo" as an array of char. I have tried to use the SplitString function: array SplitString( string Source, optional string Delimiter=",", optional bool bCullEmpty ) Wrapper for splitting a string into an array of strings using a single expression. as found at http://udn.epicgames.com/Three/UnrealScriptFunctions.html but it returns the entire String. simulated function wordDraw() { local String inputString; inputString = "trolls"; local string whatwillitbe; local int b; local int x; local array<String> letterArray; letterArray = SplitString(inputString,, false); for (x = 0; x < letterArray.Length; x++) { whatwillitbe = letterArray[x]; `log('it will be '@whatwillitbe); b = letterarray.Length; `log('letterarray length is '@b); `log('letter number '@x); } } Output is: b returns: 1 whatwillitbe returns: trolls However I would like b to return 6 and whatwillitbe to return each character individually. I have had a few answers proposed, however, I would still like to properly understand how the SplitString function works. For instance, if the Delimiter parameter is optional, what does the function use as a delimiter by default?

    Read the article

  • the unity aspect ratio script looks good in computer but not in android phones

    - by Pooya Fayyaz
    I'm developing a game for android devices.and i have a script that solve the ratio problem but i have a problem in this code.and i dont know why.it looks perfect in computer even resize the game screen but in mobile phones have a problem.my game runs in landscape mode.this is the script : using UnityEngine; using System.Collections; using System.Collections.Generic; public class reso : MonoBehaviour { void Update() { // set the desired aspect ratio (the values in this example are // hard-coded for 16:9, but you could make them into public // variables instead so you can set them at design time) float targetaspect = 16.0f / 9.0f; // determine the game window's current aspect ratio float windowaspect = (float)Screen.width / (float)Screen.height; // current viewport height should be scaled by this amount float scaleheight = windowaspect / targetaspect; // obtain camera component so we can modify its viewport Camera camera = GetComponent<Camera>(); // if scaled height is less than current height, add letterbox if (scaleheight < 1.0f && Screen.width <= 490 ) { Rect rect = camera.rect; rect.width = 1.0f; rect.height = scaleheight; rect.x = 0; rect.y = (1.0f - scaleheight) / 2.0f; camera.rect = rect; } else // add pillarbox { float scalewidth = 1.0f / scaleheight; Rect rect = camera.rect; rect.width = scalewidth; rect.height = 1.0f; rect.x = (1.0f - scalewidth) / 2.0f; rect.y = 0; camera.rect = rect; } } } i figure that my problem occur in this part of the script: if (scaleheight < 1.0f) { Rect rect = camera.rect; rect.width = 1.0f; rect.height = scaleheight; rect.x = 0; rect.y = (1.0f - scaleheight) / 2.0f; camera.rect = rect; } and its look like this in my mobile phone in portrait: and in landscape mode:

    Read the article

  • XNA texture stretching at extreme coordinates

    - by Shaun Hamman
    I was toying around with infinitely scrolling 2D textures using the XNA framework and came across a rather strange observation. Using the basic draw code: spriteBatch.Begin(SpriteSortMode.Deferred, null, SamplerState.PointWrap, null, null); spriteBatch.Draw(texture, Vector2.Zero, sourceRect, Color.White, 0.0f, Vector2.Zero, 2.0f, SpriteEffects.None, 1.0f); spriteBatch.End(); with a small 32x32 texture and a sourceRect defined as: sourceRect = new Rectangle(0, 0, Window.ClientBounds.Width, Window.ClientBounds.Height); I was able to scroll the texture across the window infinitely by changing the X and Y coordinates of the sourceRect. Playing with different coordinate locations, I noticed that if I made either of the coordinates too large, the texture no longer drew and was instead replaced by either a flat color or alternating bands of color. Tracing the coordinates back down, I found the following at around (0, -16,777,000): As you can see, the texture in the top half of the image is stretched vertically. My question is why is this occurring? Certainly I can do things like bind the x/y position to some low multiple of 32 to give the same effect without this occurring, so fixing it isn't an issue, but I'm curious about why this happens. My initial thought was perhaps it was overflowing the coordinate value or some such thing, but looking at a data type size chart, the next closest below is an unsigned short with a range of about 32,000, and above is an unsigned int with a range of around 2,000,000,000 so that isn't likely the cause.

    Read the article

  • how to give action to the CCArray which contain bubbles(sprites)

    - by prakash s
    I am making bubbles shooter game in cocos2d I have taken one array in that i have inserted number of different color bubbles and i showing on my game scene also , but if give some move action to that array ,it moving down but it displaying all the bubbles at one position and automatically destroying , what is the main reason behind this please help me here is my code: -(void)addTarget { CGSize winSize = [[CCDirector sharedDirector] winSize]; //CCSprite *target = [CCSprite spriteWithFile:@"3.png" rect:CGRectMake(0, 0, 256, 256)]; NSMutableArray * movableSprites = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init]; NSArray *images = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"1.png", @"2.png", @"3.png", @"4.png",@"5.png",@"1.png",@"5.png", @"3.png", nil]; for(int i = 0; i < images.count; ++i) { NSString *image = [images objectAtIndex:i]; // generate random number based on size of array (array size is larger than 10) CCSprite*target = [CCSprite spriteWithFile:image]; float offsetFraction = ((float)(i+1))/(images.count+1); //target.position = ccp(winSize.width*offsetFraction, winSize.height/2); target.position = ccp(350*offsetFraction, 460); // [[CCActionManager sharedManager ] pauseAllActionsForTarget:target ] ; [self addChild:target]; [movableSprites addObject:target]; //[target runAction:[CCMoveTo actionWithDuration:20.0 position:ccp(0,0)]]; id actionMove = [CCMoveTo actionWithDuration:10 position:ccp(winSize.width/2,winSize. height/2)]; id actionMoveDone = [CCCallFuncN actionWithTarget:self selector:@selector(spriteMoveFinished:)]; [target runAction:[CCSequence actions:actionMove, actionMoveDone, nil]]; } } after the move at certain position i want to display all the bubbles in centre of my window

    Read the article

  • XNA Moddable Game - Architecture Design and Reflection

    - by David K
    I've decided to embark on an XNA moddable game project of a simple rogue style. For all purposes of this question, I'm going to not be using a scripting engine, but rather allow modders to directly compile assemblies that are loaded by the game at run time. I know about the security problems this may raise. So in order to expose the moddable content, I have gone about creating a generic project in XNA called MyModel. This contains a number of interfaces that all inherit from IPlugin, such as IGameSystem, IRenderingSystem, IHud, IInputSystem etc. Then I've created another project called MyRogueModel. This references MyModel project, and holds interfaces such as IMonster, IPlayer, IDungeonGenerator, IInventorySystem. More rogue specific interfaces, but again, all interfaces in this project inherit from IPlugin. Then finally, I've created another project called MyRogueGame, that references both MyModel and MyRogueModel projects. This project will be the game that you run and play. Here I have put the actual implementation of the Monster, DungeonGenerator, InputSystem and RenderingSystem classes. This project will also scan the mods directory during run time and load any IPlugins it finds using reflection and override anything it finds from the default. For example if it finds a new implementation of the DungeonGenerator it will use that one instead. Now my question is, in order to get this far, I have effectively 2 projects that contain nothing but interfaces... which seems a little... strange ? For people to create mods for the game, I would give them both the MyModel and MyRogueModel assemblies in which they would reference. I'm not sure whether this is the right way to do it, but my reasoning goes as follows : If I write 1 input system, I can use it in any game I write. If I create 3 rogue like games, and a modder writes 1 rendering system, that modder could use the rendering system for all 3 games, because it all comes from the MyModel project. I come from a more web based C# role, so having empty interface projects doesn't seem wrong, its just something I haven't done before. Before I embark on something that might be crazy, I'd just like to know whether this is a foolish idea and whether there's a better (or established) design principle I should be following ?

    Read the article

  • Obstacle Avoidance steering behavior: how can an entity avoid an obstacle while other forces are acting on the entity?

    - by Prog
    I'm trying to implement the Obstacle Avoidance steering behavior in my 2D game. Currently my approach is to apply a force on the entity, in the direction of the normal of the heading, scaled by a number that gets bigger the closer we are to the obstacle. This is supposed to push the entity to the side and avoid the obstacle that blocks it's way. However, in the same time that my entity tries to avoid an obstacle, it Seeks to a point more or less behind the obstacle (which is the reason it needs to avoid the obstacle in the first place). The Seek algorithm constantly applies a force on the entity that pushes it (more or less) in the direction of the obstacle, while the Obstacle Avoidance algorithm constantly applies a force that pushes the entity away (more accurately, to the side) of the obstacle. The result is that sometimes the entity succesfully avoids the obstacle, and sometimes it collides with it, depending on the strength of the avoidance force I'm applying. How can I make sure that a force will succeed in steering the entity in some direction, while other forces are currently acting on the entity? (And while still looking natural). I can't allow entities to collide with obstacles when realistically they should be able to easily avoid them, doesn't matter what they're currently doing. Also, the Obstacle Avoidance algorithm is made exactly for the case where another force is acting on the entity. Otherwise it wouldn't be moving and there would be no need to avoid anything. So maybe I'm missing something. Thanks

    Read the article

  • Negamax implementation doesn't appear to work with tic-tac-toe

    - by George Jiglau
    I've implemented Negamax as it can be found on wikipedia, which includes alpha/beta pruning. However, it seems to favor a losing move, which should be an invalid result. The game is Tic-Tac-Toe, I've abstracted most of the game play so it should be rather easy to spot an error within the algorithm. Here is the code, nextMove, negamax or evaluate are probably the functions that contain the fault: #include <list> #include <climits> #include <iostream> //#define DEBUG 1 using namespace std; struct Move { int row, col; Move(int row, int col) : row(row), col(col) { } Move(const Move& m) { row = m.row; col = m.col; } }; struct Board { char player; char opponent; char board[3][3]; Board() { } void read(istream& stream) { stream >> player; opponent = player == 'X' ? 'O' : 'X'; for(int row = 0; row < 3; row++) { for(int col = 0; col < 3; col++) { char playa; stream >> playa; board[row][col] = playa == '_' ? 0 : playa == player ? 1 : -1; } } } void print(ostream& stream) { for(int row = 0; row < 3; row++) { for(int col = 0; col < 3; col++) { switch(board[row][col]) { case -1: stream << opponent; break; case 0: stream << '_'; break; case 1: stream << player; break; } } stream << endl; } } void do_move(const Move& move, int player) { board[move.row][move.col] = player; } void undo_move(const Move& move) { board[move.row][move.col] = 0; } bool isWon() { if (board[0][0] != 0) { if (board[0][0] == board[0][1] && board[0][1] == board[0][2]) return true; if (board[0][0] == board[1][0] && board[1][0] == board[2][0]) return true; } if (board[2][2] != 0) { if (board[2][0] == board[2][1] && board[2][1] == board[2][2]) return true; if (board[0][2] == board[1][2] && board[1][2] == board[2][2]) return true; } if (board[1][1] != 0) { if (board[0][1] == board[1][1] && board[1][1] == board[2][1]) return true; if (board[1][0] == board[1][1] && board[1][1] == board[1][2]) return true; if (board[0][0] == board[1][1] && board[1][1] == board[2][2]) return true; if (board[0][2] == board [1][1] && board[1][1] == board[2][0]) return true; } return false; } list<Move> getMoves() { list<Move> moveList; for(int row = 0; row < 3; row++) for(int col = 0; col < 3; col++) if (board[row][col] == 0) moveList.push_back(Move(row, col)); return moveList; } }; ostream& operator<< (ostream& stream, Board& board) { board.print(stream); return stream; } istream& operator>> (istream& stream, Board& board) { board.read(stream); return stream; } int evaluate(Board& board) { int score = board.isWon() ? 100 : 0; for(int row = 0; row < 3; row++) for(int col = 0; col < 3; col++) if (board.board[row][col] == 0) score += 1; return score; } int negamax(Board& board, int depth, int player, int alpha, int beta) { if (board.isWon() || depth <= 0) { #if DEBUG > 1 cout << "Found winner board at depth " << depth << endl; cout << board << endl; #endif return player * evaluate(board); } list<Move> allMoves = board.getMoves(); if (allMoves.size() == 0) return player * evaluate(board); for(list<Move>::iterator it = allMoves.begin(); it != allMoves.end(); it++) { board.do_move(*it, -player); int val = -negamax(board, depth - 1, -player, -beta, -alpha); board.undo_move(*it); if (val >= beta) return val; if (val > alpha) alpha = val; } return alpha; } void nextMove(Board& board) { list<Move> allMoves = board.getMoves(); Move* bestMove = NULL; int bestScore = INT_MIN; for(list<Move>::iterator it = allMoves.begin(); it != allMoves.end(); it++) { board.do_move(*it, 1); int score = -negamax(board, 100, 1, INT_MIN + 1, INT_MAX); board.undo_move(*it); #if DEBUG cout << it->row << ' ' << it->col << " = " << score << endl; #endif if (score > bestScore) { bestMove = &*it; bestScore = score; } } if (!bestMove) return; cout << bestMove->row << ' ' << bestMove->col << endl; #if DEBUG board.do_move(*bestMove, 1); cout << board; #endif } int main() { Board board; cin >> board; #if DEBUG cout << "Starting board:" << endl; cout << board; #endif nextMove(board); return 0; } Giving this input: O X__ ___ ___ The algorithm chooses to place a piece at 0, 1, causing a guaranteed loss, do to this trap(nothing can be done to win or end in a draw): XO_ X__ ___ Perhaps it has something to do with the evaluation function? If so, how could I fix it?

    Read the article

  • Newton Game Dynamics: Making an object not affect another object

    - by Boreal
    I'm going to be using Newton in my networked action game with Mogre. There will be two "types" of physics object: global and local. Global objects will be kept in sync for everybody; these include the players, projectiles, and other gameplay-related objects. Local objects are purely for effect, like ragdolls, debris, and particles. Is there a way to make the global objects affect the local objects without actually getting affected themselves? I'd like debris to bounce off of a tank, but I don't want the tank to respond in any way.

    Read the article

  • How do I increase moving speed of body?

    - by Siddharth
    How to move ball speedily on the screen using box2d in libGDX? package com.badlogic.box2ddemo; import com.badlogic.gdx.ApplicationListener; import com.badlogic.gdx.Gdx; import com.badlogic.gdx.graphics.GL10; import com.badlogic.gdx.graphics.Texture; import com.badlogic.gdx.graphics.g2d.Sprite; import com.badlogic.gdx.graphics.g2d.SpriteBatch; import com.badlogic.gdx.graphics.g2d.TextureRegion; import com.badlogic.gdx.math.Matrix4; import com.badlogic.gdx.math.Vector2; import com.badlogic.gdx.physics.box2d.Body; import com.badlogic.gdx.physics.box2d.BodyDef; import com.badlogic.gdx.physics.box2d.BodyDef.BodyType; import com.badlogic.gdx.physics.box2d.Box2DDebugRenderer; import com.badlogic.gdx.physics.box2d.CircleShape; import com.badlogic.gdx.physics.box2d.Fixture; import com.badlogic.gdx.physics.box2d.FixtureDef; import com.badlogic.gdx.physics.box2d.PolygonShape; import com.badlogic.gdx.physics.box2d.World; public class Box2DDemo implements ApplicationListener { private SpriteBatch batch; private TextureRegion texture; private World world; private Body groundDownBody, groundUpBody, groundLeftBody, groundRightBody, ballBody; private BodyDef groundBodyDef1, groundBodyDef2, groundBodyDef3, groundBodyDef4, ballBodyDef; private PolygonShape groundDownPoly, groundUpPoly, groundLeftPoly, groundRightPoly; private CircleShape ballPoly; private Sprite sprite; private FixtureDef fixtureDef; private Vector2 ballPosition; private Box2DDebugRenderer renderer; Vector2 vector2; @Override public void create() { texture = new TextureRegion(new Texture( Gdx.files.internal("img/red_ring.png"))); sprite = new Sprite(texture); sprite.setOrigin(sprite.getWidth() / 2, sprite.getHeight() / 2); batch = new SpriteBatch(); world = new World(new Vector2(0.0f, 0.0f), false); groundBodyDef1 = new BodyDef(); groundBodyDef1.type = BodyType.StaticBody; groundBodyDef1.position.x = 0.0f; groundBodyDef1.position.y = 0.0f; groundDownBody = world.createBody(groundBodyDef1); groundBodyDef2 = new BodyDef(); groundBodyDef2.type = BodyType.StaticBody; groundBodyDef2.position.x = 0f; groundBodyDef2.position.y = Gdx.graphics.getHeight(); groundUpBody = world.createBody(groundBodyDef2); groundBodyDef3 = new BodyDef(); groundBodyDef3.type = BodyType.StaticBody; groundBodyDef3.position.x = 0f; groundBodyDef3.position.y = 0f; groundLeftBody = world.createBody(groundBodyDef3); groundBodyDef4 = new BodyDef(); groundBodyDef4.type = BodyType.StaticBody; groundBodyDef4.position.x = Gdx.graphics.getWidth(); groundBodyDef4.position.y = 0f; groundRightBody = world.createBody(groundBodyDef4); groundDownPoly = new PolygonShape(); groundDownPoly.setAsBox(480.0f, 10f); fixtureDef = new FixtureDef(); fixtureDef.density = 0f; fixtureDef.restitution = 1f; fixtureDef.friction = 0f; fixtureDef.shape = groundDownPoly; fixtureDef.filter.groupIndex = 0; groundDownBody.createFixture(fixtureDef); groundUpPoly = new PolygonShape(); groundUpPoly.setAsBox(480.0f, 10f); fixtureDef = new FixtureDef(); fixtureDef.friction = 0f; fixtureDef.restitution = 0f; fixtureDef.density = 0f; fixtureDef.shape = groundUpPoly; fixtureDef.filter.groupIndex = 0; groundUpBody.createFixture(fixtureDef); groundLeftPoly = new PolygonShape(); groundLeftPoly.setAsBox(10f, 320f); fixtureDef = new FixtureDef(); fixtureDef.friction = 0f; fixtureDef.restitution = 0f; fixtureDef.density = 0f; fixtureDef.shape = groundLeftPoly; fixtureDef.filter.groupIndex = 0; groundLeftBody.createFixture(fixtureDef); groundRightPoly = new PolygonShape(); groundRightPoly.setAsBox(10f, 320f); fixtureDef = new FixtureDef(); fixtureDef.friction = 0f; fixtureDef.restitution = 0f; fixtureDef.density = 0f; fixtureDef.shape = groundRightPoly; fixtureDef.filter.groupIndex = 0; groundRightBody.createFixture(fixtureDef); ballPoly = new CircleShape(); ballPoly.setRadius(16f); fixtureDef = new FixtureDef(); fixtureDef.shape = ballPoly; fixtureDef.density = 1f; fixtureDef.friction = 1f; fixtureDef.restitution = 1f; ballBodyDef = new BodyDef(); ballBodyDef.type = BodyType.DynamicBody; ballBodyDef.position.x = (int) 200; ballBodyDef.position.y = (int) 200; ballBody = world.createBody(ballBodyDef); ballBody.setLinearVelocity(200f, 200f); // ballBody.applyLinearImpulse(new Vector2(250f, 250f), // ballBody.getLocalCenter()); ballBody.createFixture(fixtureDef); renderer = new Box2DDebugRenderer(true, false, false); } @Override public void dispose() { ballPoly.dispose(); groundLeftPoly.dispose(); groundUpPoly.dispose(); groundDownPoly.dispose(); groundRightPoly.dispose(); world.destroyBody(ballBody); world.dispose(); } @Override public void pause() { } @Override public void render() { world.step(1f/30f, 3, 3); Gdx.gl.glClearColor(1f, 1f, 1f, 1f); Gdx.gl.glClear(GL10.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT); batch.begin(); vector2 = ballBody.getLinearVelocity(); System.out.println("X=" + vector2.x + " Y=" + vector2.y); ballPosition = ballBody.getPosition(); renderer.render(world,batch.getProjectionMatrix()); // int preX = (int) (vector2.x / Math.abs(vector2.x)); // int preY = (int) (vector2.y / Math.abs(vector2.y)); // // if (Math.abs(vector2.x) == 0.0f) // ballBody1.setLinearVelocity(1.4142137f, vector2.y); // else if (Math.abs(vector2.x) < 1.4142137f) // ballBody1.setLinearVelocity(preX * 5, vector2.y); // // if (Math.abs(vector2.y) == 0.0f) // ballBody1.setLinearVelocity(vector2.x, 1.4142137f); // else if (Math.abs(vector2.y) < 1.4142137f) // ballBody1.setLinearVelocity(vector2.x, preY * 5); batch.draw(sprite, (ballPosition.x - (texture.getRegionWidth() / 2)), (ballPosition.y - (texture.getRegionHeight() / 2))); batch.end(); } @Override public void resize(int arg0, int arg1) { } @Override public void resume() { } } I implement above code but I can not achieve higher moving speed of the ball

    Read the article

  • How to build a "traffic AI"?

    - by Lunikon
    A project I am working on right now features a lot of "traffic" in the sense of cars moving along roads, aircraft moving aroun an apron etc. As of now the available paths are precalculated, so nodes are generated automatically for crossings which themselves are interconnected by edges. When a character/agent spawns into the world it starts at some node and finds a path to a target node by means of a simply A* algorithm. The agent follows the path and ultimately reaches its destination. No problem so far. Now I need to enable the agents to avoid collisions and to handle complex traffic situations. Since I'm new to the field of AI I looked up several papers/articles on steering behavior but found them to be too low-level. My problem consists less of the actual collision avoidance (which is rather simple in this case because the agents follow strictly defined paths) but of situations like one agent leaving a dead-end while another one wants to enter exactly the same one. Or two agents meeting at a bottleneck which only allows one agent to pass at a time but both need to pass it (according to the optimal route found before) and they need to find a way to let the other one pass first. So basically the main aspect of the problem would be predicting traffic movement to avoid dead-locks. Difficult to describe, but I guess you get what I mean. Do you have any recommendations for me on where to start looking? Any papers, sample projects or similar things that could get me started? I appreciate your help!

    Read the article

  • Input Handling and Game loop

    - by Bob Coder
    So, I intercept the WM_KEYDOWN and other messages. Thing is, my game can't/shouldn't react to these messages just yet, since my game might be currently drawing to the screen or in the middle of updating my game entities. So the idea is to keep a keyboardstate and mousestate, which is updated by the part of my code that intercepts the windows messages. These states just keep track of which keys/buttons are currently pressed. Then, at the start of my game's update function, I access these keyboard and mouse states and my game reacts to the user input. Now, which is the best way to access these states? I assume that windows messages can be sent whenever, so the keyboard/mouse states are constantly being edited. Accessing say a list of currently pressed keys in the keyboard state the same time another part of the code is editing the list would cause problems. Should I make a deep copy of a state and act on that? How would I deal with the garbage generated though, this would take place every frame.

    Read the article

  • How do I cap rendering of tiles in a 2D game with SDL?

    - by farmdve
    I have some boilerplate code working, I basically have a tile based map composed of just 3 colors, and some walls and render with SDL. The tiles are in a bmp file, but each tile inside it corresponds to an internal number of the type of tile(color, or wall). I have pretty basic collision detection and it works, I can also detetc continuous presses, which allows me to move pretty much anywhere I want. I also have a moving camera, which follows the object. The problem is that, the tile based map is bigger than the resolution, thus not all of the map can be displayed on the screen, but it's still rendered. I would like to cap it, but since this is new to me, I pretty much have no idea. Although I cannot post all the code, as even though I am a newbie and the code pretty basic, it's already quite a few lines, I can post what I tried to do void set_camera() { //Center the camera over the dot camera.x = ( player.box.x + DOT_WIDTH / 2 ) - SCREEN_WIDTH / 2; camera.y = ( player.box.y + DOT_HEIGHT / 2 ) - SCREEN_HEIGHT / 2; //Keep the camera in bounds. if(camera.x < 0 ) { camera.x = 0; } if(camera.y < 0 ) { camera.y = 0; } if(camera.x > LEVEL_WIDTH - camera.w ) { camera.x = LEVEL_WIDTH - camera.w; } if(camera.y > LEVEL_HEIGHT - camera.h ) { camera.y = LEVEL_HEIGHT - camera.h; } } set_camera() is the function which calculates the camera position based on the player's positions. I won't pretend I know much about it. Rectangle box = {0,0,0,0}; for(int t = 0; t < TOTAL_TILES; t++) { if(box.x < (camera.x - TILE_WIDTH) || box.y > (camera.y - TILE_HEIGHT)) apply_surface(box.x - camera.x, box.y - camera.y, surface, screen, &clips[tiles[t]]); box.x += TILE_WIDTH; //If we've gone too far if(box.x >= LEVEL_WIDTH) { //Move back box.x = 0; //Move to the next row box.y += TILE_HEIGHT; } } This is basically my render code. The for loop loops over 192 tiles stored in an int array, each with their own unique value describing the tile type(wall or one of three possible colored tiles). box is an SDL_Rect containing the current position of the tile, which is calculated on render. TILE_HEIGHT and TILE_WIDTH are of value 80. So the cap is determined by if(box.x < (camera.x - TILE_WIDTH) || box.y > (camera.y - TILE_HEIGHT)) However, this is just me playing with the values and see what doesn't break it. I pretty much have no idea how to calculate it. My screen resolution is 1024/768, and the tile map is of size 1280/960.

    Read the article

  • How to Align Gun with Bullets

    - by Shane
    I have a top-down 2D shooter. I have an image of a player holding a gun, that rotates to face the mouse. Please note that the gun isn't a separate image tethered to the player, but rather part of the player. Right now, bullets are created at the player's x and y. This works when the player is facing the right way, but not when they rotate. The bullets move in the right direction, but don't come from the gun. How can I fix this? TL;DR: When the player rotates, bullets don't come from gun. public void fire() { angle = sprite.getRotation(); System.out.println(angle); x = sprite.getX(); y = sprite.getY(); Bullet b = new Bullet(x, y, angle); Utils.world.addBullet(b); }

    Read the article

  • how to stop the array of sprite in cocos2d?

    - by prakash s
    I am devoloping the bubble shooter game in cocos2d how to stop the sprite movement at the center of the game scene in my game bec i want to shoot the bubble after stopping the movenent at certain position here is my code -(void)addTarget { CGSize winSize = [[CCDirector sharedDirector] winSize]; NSMutableArray * movableSprites = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init]; NSArray *images = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"1.png", @"2.png", @"3.png", @"4.png",@"5.png", @"6.png", @"7.png",@"8.png" ,nil]; for(int i = 0; i < images.count; ++i) { int index = (arc4random() % 8)+1; NSString *image = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%d.png", index]; CCSprite*target = [CCSprite spriteWithFile:image]; // generate random number based on size of array (array size is larger than 10) float offsetFraction = ((float)(i+1))/(images.count+1); //target.position = ccp(winSize.width*offsetFraction, winSize.height/2); target.position = ccp(350*offsetFraction, 460); [self addChild:target]; [movableSprites addObject:target]; id actionMove = [CCMoveTo actionWithDuration:10 position:ccp(350*offsetFraction, 100)]; id actionMoveDone = [CCCallFuncN actionWithTarget:self selector:@selector(spriteMoveFinished:)]; [target runAction:[CCSequence actions:actionMove, actionMoveDone, nil]]; } here bubbles are moving from top to bottom but after 5 rows my bubble movement should be stop so please help me to get that logic

    Read the article

  • vector rotations for branches of a 3d tree

    - by freefallr
    I'm attempting to create a 3d tree procedurally. I'm hoping that someone can check my vector rotation maths, as I'm a bit confused. I'm using an l-system (a recursive algorithm for generating branches). The trunk of the tree is the root node. It's orientation is aligned to the y axis. In the next iteration of the tree (e.g. the first branches), I might create a branch that is oriented say by +10 degrees in the X axis and a similar amount in the Z axis, relative to the trunk. I know that I should keep a rotation matrix at each branch, so that it can be applied to child branches, along with any modifications to the child branch. My questions then: for the trunk, the rotation matrix - is that just the identity matrix * initial orientation vector ? for the first branch (and subsequent branches) - I'll "inherit" the rotation matrix of the parent branch, and apply x and z rotations to that also. e.g. using glm::normalize; using glm::rotateX; using glm::vec4; using glm::mat4; using glm::rotate; vec4 vYAxis = vec4(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); vec4 vInitial = normalize( rotateX( vYAxis, 10.0f ) ); mat4 mRotation = mat4(1.0); // trunk rotation matrix = identity * initial orientation vector mRotation *= vInitial; // first branch = parent rotation matrix * this branches rotations mRotation *= rotate( 10.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f ); // x rotation mRotation *= rotate( 10.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f ); // z rotation Are my maths and approach correct, or am I completely wrong? Finally, I'm using the glm library with OpenGL / C++ for this. Is the order of x rotation and z rotation important?

    Read the article

< Previous Page | 482 483 484 485 486 487 488 489 490 491 492 493  | Next Page >