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• Making a game with responsive resolution

  - by alexandervrs

  I am making a game, however I wish for it to be resolution agnostic. My target resolution i.e. where things look as intended is 1600 x 900. My ideas are: Make the HUD stay fixed to the sides no matter what resolution, use different size for HUD graphics under a certain resolution and another under a certain large one. Use large HD sprites/backgrounds which are a power of 2, so they scale nicely. Use the player's native resolution. Scale the game area (not the HUD) to fit (resulting zooming in some and cropping the game area sides if necessary for widescreen, no stretch), but always fill the screen. Have a min and max resolution limit for small and very large displays where you will just change the resolution(?) or scale up/down to fit. What I am a bit confused though is what math formula I would use to scale the game area correctly based on the resolution no matter the aspect ratio, fully fit in a square screen and with some clip to the sides for widescreen. Pseudocode would help as well. :)

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• Keeping rotation between two objects

  - by user99

  In my XNA game I have two objects that collide. When the first object collides with the other it is able to latch on to it and move it about the world. I am having a problem with the math here (Math isn't my strong point). I currently have the second object latch on to the first and move around with it, but I cannot get it to keep it's original direction. So, if the object is facing up it should keep this direction relative to how it is being rotated with the original item. Any tips on how I could best to achieve this?

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• collision detection problems - Javascript/canvas game

  - by Tom Burman

  Ok here is a more detailed version of my question. What i want to do: i simply want the have a 2d array to represent my game map. i want a player sprite and i want that sprite to be able to move around my map freely using the keyboard and also have collisions with certain tiles of my map array. i want to use very large maps so i need a viewport. What i have: I have a loop to load the tile images into an array: /Loop to load tile images into an array var mapTiles = []; for (x = 0; x <= 256; x++) { var imageObj = new Image(); // new instance for each image imageObj.src = "images/prototype/"+x+".jpg"; mapTiles.push(imageObj); } I have a 2d array for my game map: //Array to hold map data var board = [ [1,2,3,4,3,4,3,4,5,6,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1], [17,18,19,20,19,20,19,20,21,22,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1], [33,34,35,36,35,36,35,36,37,38,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1], [49,50,51,52,51,52,51,52,53,54,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,197,198,199,1,1,1,1], [65,66,67,68,146,147,67,68,69,70,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,216,217,1,1,1,213,214,215,1,1,1,1], [81,82,83,161,162,163,164,84,85,86,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,232,233,1,1,1,229,230,231,1,1,1,1], [97,98,99,177,178,179,180,100,101,102,1,1,1,1,59,1,1,1,248,249,1,1,1,245,246,247,1,1,1,1], [1,1,238,1,1,1,1,239,240,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1], [216,217,254,1,1,1,1,255,256,1,204,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1], [232,233,1,1,1,117,118,1,1,1,220,1,1,119,120,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,119,120,1,1], [248,249,1,1,1,133,134,1,1,1,1,1,1,135,136,1,1,1,1,1,1,59,1,1,1,1,135,136,1,1], [1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1], [1,1,216,217,1,1,1,1,1,1,60,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1], [1,1,232,233,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,204,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1], [1,1,248,249,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,220,1,1,1,1,1,1,216,217,1,1,1], [1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,149,150,151,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,232,233,1,1,1], [12,12,12,12,12,12,12,13,1,1,1,1,165,166,167,1,1,1,1,1,1,119,120,1,1,248,249,1,1,1], [28,28,28,28,28,28,28,29,1,1,1,1,181,182,183,1,1,1,1,1,1,135,136,1,1,1,1,1,1,1], [44,44,44,44,44,15,28,29,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1], [1,1,1,1,1,27,28,29,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1], [1,1,1,1,1,27,28,29,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,59,1,1,197,198,199,1,1,1,1,119,120,1], [1,1,1,1,1,27,28,29,1,1,216,217,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,213,214,215,1,1,1,1,135,136,1], [1,1,1,1,1,27,28,29,1,1,232,233,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,229,230,231,1,1,1,1,1,1,1], [1,1,1,1,1,27,28,29,1,1,248,249,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,245,246,247,1,1,1,1,1,1,1], [1,1,1,197,198,199,28,29,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1], [1,1,1,213,214,215,28,29,1,1,1,1,1,60,1,1,1,1,204,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1], [1,1,1,229,230,231,28,29,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,220,1,1,1,1,119,120,1,1,1,1,1], [1,1,1,245,246,247,28,29,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,135,136,1,1,60,1,1], [1,1,1,1,1,27,28,29,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1], [1,1,1,1,1,27,28,29,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1] ]; I have my loop to place the correct tile sin the correct positions: //Loop to place tiles onto screen in correct position for (x = 0; x <= viewWidth; x++){ for (y = 0; y <= viewHeight; y++){ var width = 32; var height = 32; context.drawImage(mapTiles[board[y+viewY][x+viewX]],x*width, y*height); } } I Have my player object : //Place player object context.drawImage(playerImg, (playerX-viewX)*32,(playerY-viewY)*32, 32, 32); I have my viewport setup: //Set viewport pos viewX = playerX - Math.floor(0.5 * viewWidth); if (viewX < 0) viewX = 0; if (viewX+viewWidth > worldWidth) viewX = worldWidth - viewWidth; viewY = playerY - Math.floor(0.5 * viewHeight); if (viewY < 0) viewY = 0; if (viewY+viewHeight > worldHeight) viewY = worldHeight - viewHeight; I have my player movement: canvas.addEventListener('keydown', function(e) { console.log(e); var key = null; switch (e.which) { case 37: // Left if (playerY > 0) playerY--; break; case 38: // Up if (playerX > 0) playerX--; break; case 39: // Right if (playerY < worldWidth) playerY++; break; case 40: // Down if (playerX < worldHeight) playerX++; break; } My Problem: I have my map loading an it looks fine, but my player position thinks it's on a different tile to what it actually is. So for instance, i know that if my player moves left 1 tile, the value of that tile should be 2, but if i print out the value it should be moving to (2), it comes up with a different value. How ive tried to solve the problem: I have tried swap X and Y values for the initialization of my player, for when my map prints. If i swap the x and y values in this part of my code: context.drawImage(mapTiles[board[y+viewY][x+viewX]],x*width, y*height); The map doesnt get draw correctly at all and tiles are placed all in random positions or orientations IF i sway the x and y values for my player in this line : context.drawImage(playerImg, (playerX-viewX)*32,(playerY-viewY)*32, 32, 32); The players movements are inversed, so up and down keys move my player left and right viceversa. My question: Where am i going wrong in my code, and how do i solve it so i have my map looking like it should and my player moving as it should as well as my player returning the correct tileID it is standing on or moving too. Thanks Again ALSO Here is a link to my whole code: prototype

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• Super-quick MIDI generator with nonrestrictive license?

  - by Ricket

  I'm working on my Ludum Dare entry and trying to figure out how in the world I'm ever going to get background music. I found WolframTones, but the license is too restrictive: Unless otherwise specified, this Site and content presented on this Site are for your personal and noncommercial use. You may not modify, copy, distribute, transmit, display, perform, reproduce, publish, license, create derivative works from, transfer, or sell any information or content obtained from this Site. For commercial and other uses, contact us. But I really like the interface! It's a lot like sfxr - click a genre and download a song. That's so cool. Is there another program that does this same sort of thing but without a restrictive license, so that I can generate a bgm and use it in my game?

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• Creating smooth lighting transitions using tiles in HTML5/JavaScript game

  - by user12098

  I am trying to implement a lighting effect in an HTML5/JavaScript game using tile replacement. What I have now is kind of working, but the transitions do not look smooth/natural enough as the light source moves around. Here's where I am now: Right now I have a background map that has a light/shadow spectrum PNG tilesheet applied to it - going from darkest tile to completely transparent. By default the darkest tile is drawn across the entire level on launch, covering all other layers etc. I am using my predetermined tile sizes (40 x 40px) to calculate the position of each tile and store its x and y coordinates in an array. I am then spawning a transparent 40 x 40px "grid block" entity at each position in the array The engine I'm using (ImpactJS) then allows me to calculate the distance from my light source entity to every instance of this grid block entity. I can then replace the tile underneath each of those grid block tiles with a tile of the appropriate transparency. Currently I'm doing the calculation like this in each instance of the grid block entity that is spawned on the map: var dist = this.distanceTo( ig.game.player ); var percentage = 100 * dist / 960; if (percentage < 2) { // Spawns tile 64 of the shadow spectrum tilesheet at the specified position ig.game.backgroundMaps[2].setTile( this.pos.x, this.pos.y, 64 ); } else if (percentage < 4) { ig.game.backgroundMaps[2].setTile( this.pos.x, this.pos.y, 63 ); } else if (percentage < 6) { ig.game.backgroundMaps[2].setTile( this.pos.x, this.pos.y, 62 ); } // etc... (sorry about the weird spacing, I still haven't gotten the hang of pasting code in here properly) The problem is that like I said, this type of calculation does not make the light source look very natural. Tile switching looks too sharp whereas ideally they would fade in and out smoothly using the spectrum tilesheet (I copied the tilesheet from another game that manages to do this, so I know it's not a problem with the tile shades. I'm just not sure how the other game is doing it). I'm thinking that perhaps my method of using percentages to switch out tiles could be replaced with a better/more dynamic proximity forumla of some sort that would allow for smoother transitions? Might anyone have any ideas for what I can do to improve the visuals here, or a better way of calculating proximity with the information I'm collecting about each tile? (PS: I'm reposting this from Stack Overflow at someone's suggestion, sorry about the duplicate!)

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• Projectiles in tile mapped turn-based tactics game?

  - by Petteri Hietavirta

  I am planning to make a Laser Squad clone and I think I have most of the aspects covered. But the major headache is the projectiles shot/thrown. The easy way would be to figure out the probability of hit and just mark miss/hit. But I want to be able to have the projectile to hit something eventually (collateral damage!). Currently everything is flat 2D tile map and there would be full (wall, door) and half height (desk, chair, window) obstacles. My idea is to draw an imaginary line from the shooter to the target and add some horizontal&vertical error based on the player skills. Then I would trace the modified path until it hits something. This is basically what the original Laser Squad seems to do. Can you recommend any algorithms or other approaches for this?

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• Animation Trouble with Java Swing Timer - Also, JFrame Will Not Exit_On_Close

  - by forgotton_semicolon

  So, I am using a Java Swing Timer because putting the animation code in a run() method of a Thread subclass caused an insane amount of flickering that is really a terrible experience for any video game player. Can anyone give me any tips on: Why there is no animation... Why the JFrame will not close when it is coded to Exit_On_Close 2 times My code is here: import java.awt.; import java.awt.event.; import javax.swing.*; import java.net.URL; //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// TFQ public class TFQ extends JFrame { DrawingsInSpace dis; //========================================================== constructor public TFQ() { dis = new DrawingsInSpace(); JPanel content = new JPanel(); content.setLayout(new FlowLayout()); this.setContentPane(dis); this.setDefaultCloseOperation(EXIT_ON_CLOSE); this.setTitle("Plasma_Orbs_Off_Orion"); this.setSize(500,500); this.pack(); //... Create timer which calls action listener every second.. // Use full package qualification for javax.swing.Timer // to avoid potential conflicts with java.util.Timer. javax.swing.Timer t = new javax.swing.Timer(500, new TimePhaseListener()); t.start(); } /////////////////////////////////////////////// inner class Listener thing class TimePhaseListener implements ActionListener, KeyListener { // counter int total; // loop control boolean Its_a_go = true; //position of our matrix int tf = -400; //sprite directions int Sprite_Direction; final int RIGHT = 1; final int LEFT = 2; //for obstacle Rectangle mega_obstacle = new Rectangle(200, 0, 20, HEIGHT); public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { //... Whenever this is called, repaint the screen dis.repaint(); addKeyListener(this); while (Its_a_go) { try { dis.repaint(); if(Sprite_Direction == RIGHT) { dis.matrix.x += 2; } // end if i think if(Sprite_Direction == LEFT) { dis.matrix.x -= 2; } } catch(Exception ex) { System.out.println(ex); } } // end while i think } // end actionPerformed @Override public void keyPressed(KeyEvent arg0) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub } @Override public void keyReleased(KeyEvent arg0) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub } @Override public void keyTyped(KeyEvent event) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub if (event.getKeyChar()=='f'){ Sprite_Direction = RIGHT; System.out.println("matrix should be animating now "); System.out.println("current matrix position = " + dis.matrix.x); } if (event.getKeyChar()=='d') { Sprite_Direction = LEFT; System.out.println("matrix should be going in reverse"); System.out.println("current matrix position = " + dis.matrix.x); } } } //================================================================= main public static void main(String[] args) { JFrame SafetyPins = new TFQ(); SafetyPins.setVisible(true); SafetyPins.setSize(500,500); SafetyPins.setResizable(true); SafetyPins.setLocationRelativeTo(null); SafetyPins.setDefaultCloseOperation(EXIT_ON_CLOSE); } } class DrawingsInSpace extends JPanel { URL url1_plasma_orbs; URL url2_matrix; Image img1_plasma_orbs; Image img2_matrix; // for the plasma_orbs Rectangle bbb = new Rectangle(0,0, 0, 0); // for the matrix Rectangle matrix = new Rectangle(-400, 60, 430, 200); public DrawingsInSpace() { //load URLs try { url1_plasma_orbs = this.getClass().getResource("plasma_orbs.png"); url2_matrix = this.getClass().getResource("matrix.png"); } catch(Exception e) { System.out.println(e); } // attach the URLs to the images img1_plasma_orbs = Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getImage(url1_plasma_orbs); img2_matrix = Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getImage(url2_matrix); } public void paintComponent(Graphics g) { super.paintComponent(g); // draw the plasma_orbs g.drawImage(img1_plasma_orbs, bbb.x, bbb.y,this); //draw the matrix g.drawImage(img2_matrix, matrix.x, matrix.y, this); } } // end class enter code here

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• Compressing 2D level data

  - by Lucius

  So, I'm developing a 2D, tile based game and a map maker thingy - all in Java. The problem is that recently I've been having some memory issues when about 4 maps are loaded. Each one of these maps are composed of 128x128 tiles and have 4 layers (for details and stuff). I already spent a good amount of time searching for solutions and the best thing I found was run-length enconding (RLE). It seems easy enough to use with static data, but is there a way to use it with data that is constantly changing, without a big drop in performance? In my maps, supposing I'm compressing the columns, I would have 128 rows, each with some amount of data (hopefully less than it would be without RLE). Whenever I change a tile, that whole row would have to be checked and I'm affraid that would slow down too much the production (and I'm in a somewhat tight schedule). Well, worst case scenario I work on each map individually, and save them using RLE, but it would be really nice if I could avoind that. EDIT: What I'm currently using to store the data for the tiles is a 2D array of HashMaps that use the layer as key and store the id of the tile in that position - like this: private HashMap< Integer, Integer [][]

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• Interpolating between two networked states?

  - by Vaughan Hilts

  I have many entities on the client side that are simulated (their velocities are added to their positions on a per frame basis) and I let them dead reckon themselves. They send updates about where they were last seen and their velocity changes. This works great and other players see this work find. However, after a while these players begin to desync after some time. This is because of latency. I'd like to know how I can interpolate between states so they appear to be in the correct position. I know where the player was LAST seen and their current velocity but interpolating to the last seen state causes the player to actually move -backwards-. I could not use velocity at all for other clients and simply 'lerp' them towards the appropriate direction but I feel this would cause jaggy movement. What are the alternatives?

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• What 2D game engines are there available for C++?

  - by dysoco

  I just realized there are not C++ 2D Game Engines that I know of. For example, something like Pygame in Python, or Slick2D in Java. We have the following: SDL - Too low level, not a Game Engine SFML - Handles more things than SDL and it's more modern, but still not a Game Engine. I like it, but I have found it a little bit buggy with the 2.0 version. Irrlitch - It's a Game Engine, but 3D focused. Ogre3D - Same as Irrlitch Allegro - This is a Game Engine, but it's C based, I'd like a modern C++ library. Monocle Engine - This looks like what I need... but sadly there is no Documentation, no community... nothing, all I have is the Github repo. So, do you know any ? I'd like to use C++, not C#, not Java: I'm just more comfortable with C++.

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• Bullet Physics - Casting a ray straight down from a rigid body (first person camera)

  - by Hydrocity

  I've implemented a first person camera using Bullet--it's a rigid body with a capsule shape. I've only been using Bullet for a few days and physics engines are new to me. I use btRigidBody::setLinearVelocity() to move it and it collides perfectly with the world. The only problem is the Y-value moves freely, which I temporarily solved by setting the Y-value of the translation vector to zero before the body is moved. This works for all cases except when falling from a height. When the body drops off a tall object, you can still glide around since the translate vector's Y-value is being set to zero, until you stop moving and fall to the ground (the velocity is only set when moving). So to solve this I would like to try casting a ray down from the body to determine the Y-value of the world, and checking the difference between that value and the Y-value of the camera body, and disable or slow down movement if the difference is large enough. I'm a bit stuck on simply casting a ray and determining the Y-value of the world where it struck. I've implemented this callback: struct AllRayResultCallback : public btCollisionWorld::RayResultCallback{ AllRayResultCallback(const btVector3& rayFromWorld, const btVector3& rayToWorld) : m_rayFromWorld(rayFromWorld), m_rayToWorld(rayToWorld), m_closestHitFraction(1.0){} btVector3 m_rayFromWorld; btVector3 m_rayToWorld; btVector3 m_hitNormalWorld; btVector3 m_hitPointWorld; float m_closestHitFraction; virtual btScalar addSingleResult(btCollisionWorld::LocalRayResult& rayResult, bool normalInWorldSpace) { if(rayResult.m_hitFraction < m_closestHitFraction) m_closestHitFraction = rayResult.m_hitFraction; m_collisionObject = rayResult.m_collisionObject; if(normalInWorldSpace){ m_hitNormalWorld = rayResult.m_hitNormalLocal; } else{ m_hitNormalWorld = m_collisionObject->getWorldTransform().getBasis() * rayResult.m_hitNormalLocal; } m_hitPointWorld.setInterpolate3(m_rayFromWorld, m_rayToWorld, m_closestHitFraction); return 1.0f; } }; And in the movement function, I have this code: btVector3 from(pos.x, pos.y + 1000, pos.z); // pos is the camera's rigid body position btVector3 to(pos.x, 0, pos.z); // not sure if 0 is correct for Y AllRayResultCallback callback(from, to); Base::getSingletonPtr()->m_btWorld->rayTest(from, to, callback); So I have the callback.m_hitPointWorld vector, which seems to just show the position of the camera each frame. I've searched Google for examples of casting rays, as well as the Bullet documentation, and it's been hard to just find an example. An example is really all I need. Or perhaps there is some method in Bullet to keep the rigid body on the ground? I'm using Ogre3D as a rendering engine, and casting a ray down is quite straightforward with that, however I want to keep all the ray casting within Bullet for simplicity. Could anyone point me in the right direction? Thanks.

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• What is the practical use of IBOs / degenerate vertex in OpenGL?

  - by 0xFAIL

  Vertices in 3D models CAN get cut in the process of optimizing 3D geometry, (degenerate vertices) by 3D graphics software (Blender, ...) when exporting because they aren't needed when reusing a vertex for multiple triangles. (In the current case 3D data is exported from Blender as .ply and read by a simple application that displays the 3D model) Every vertex has a few attributes like position, color, normal, tangent,... But the data for each vertex that is cut through the vertex sharing is lost and is missing in the vertex shader. Modern shader techniques like Bump or Normal mapping require normals/tangents per vertex which are also cut. To use complex shader techniques IBOs must not be used? Or is there a way to use IBOs and retain the data per vertex that was origionally lost?

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• Position Reconstruction from Depth by inverting Perspective Projection

  - by user1294203

  I had some trouble reconstructing position from depth sampled from the depth buffer. I use the equivalent of gluPerspective in GLM. The code in GLM is: template GLM_FUNC_QUALIFIER detail::tmat4x4 perspective ( valType const & fovy, valType const & aspect, valType const & zNear, valType const & zFar ) { valType range = tan(radians(fovy / valType(2))) * zNear; valType left = -range * aspect; valType right = range * aspect; valType bottom = -range; valType top = range; detail::tmat4x4 Result(valType(0)); Result[0][0] = (valType(2) * zNear) / (right - left); Result[1][2] = (valType(2) * zNear) / (top - bottom); Result[2][3] = - (zFar + zNear) / (zFar - zNear); Result[2][4] = - valType(1); Result[3][5] = - (valType(2) * zFar * zNear) / (zFar - zNear); return Result; } There doesn't seem to be any errors in the code. So I tried to invert the projection, the formula for the z and w coordinates after projection are: and dividing z' with w' gives the post-projective depth (which lies in the depth buffer), so I need to solve for z, which finally gives: Now, the problem is I don't get the correct position (I have compared the one reconstructed with a rendered position). I then tried using the respective formula I get by doing the same for this Matrix. The corresponding formula is: For some reason, using the above formula gives me the correct position. I really don't understand why this is the case. Have I done something wrong? Could someone enlighten me please?

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• XNA clip plane effect makes models black

  - by user1990950

  When using this effect file: float4x4 World; float4x4 View; float4x4 Projection; float4 ClipPlane0; void vs(inout float4 position : POSITION0, out float4 clipDistances : TEXCOORD0) { clipDistances.x = dot(position, ClipPlane0); clipDistances.y = 0; clipDistances.z = 0; clipDistances.w = 0; position = mul(mul(mul(position, World), View), Projection); } float4 ps(float4 clipDistances : TEXCOORD0) : COLOR0 { clip(clipDistances); return float4(0, 0, 0, 0); } technique { pass { VertexShader = compile vs_2_0 vs(); PixelShader = compile ps_2_0 ps(); } } all models using this are rendered black. Is it possible to render them correctly?

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• How to model interentity membership in entity-component architecture?

  - by croxis

  I'm falling in love with simple grace of entity-component design, although I still have issues breaking from MVC and OOP practices. Some of my game entities have membership relationships with each other (ex: a player is a member of a city, a city is a member of a nation), and I am unsure on the best way to implement it. My initial reaction is to have a a MemberOfCity component that points to the appropriate city component, but components are suppose to have no references to each other. My other option is to have a System do it, but that would require the system to persist data outside of a component. Is there a clean way to do this in an entity-component design, or am I trying to use a hammer on a screw and should use a hybrid/another approach?

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• Adaptive Characters: AI Solution Needs a Problem

  - by Roger F. Gay

  Have sophisticated adaptive programming, will travel - so to speak. I'm part of a group that developed sophisticated learning / adaptive software for robotics. The system "thinks" via its simulator, building and adapting code on its own; and then carries out the best solution. The software can also adapt to new situations, etc. http://mensnewsdaily.com/2007/05/16/robobusiness-robots-with-imagination/ It's easy to imagine using it with automated game characters that will adapt to the players moves and style - the easiest example would be fighting. The more the simulated fighter fights with the human player, the more it learns to counter that players fighting skills. But there should be more. Anyone have any ideas as to how adaptive characters might be interesting in games?

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• Pixmaps, ByteBuffers, and Textures....Oh my

  - by odaymichael

  My ultimate goal is to take a specific region of the screen, and redraw it somewhere else. For example, take a square from the upper left hand corner of the screen and redraw it on the lower right hand corner, so that it is basically a copy of that screen section; kind of like a minimap, but at the same scale as the original. I have looked in to pixmaps and bytebuffers. Also maybe copying that region from the backbuffer somehow. Wondering the best way to go about this. Any help is appreciated. I am using opengl es and libgdx for what it's worth.

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• Smooth waypoint traversing

  - by TheBroodian

  There are a dozen ways I could word this question, but to keep my thoughts in line, I'm phrasing it in line with my problem at hand. So I'm creating a floating platform that I would like to be able to simply travel from one designated point to another, and then return back to the first, and just pass between the two in a straight line. However, just to make it a little more interesting, I want to add a few rules to the platform. I'm coding it to travel multiples of whole tile values of world data. So if the platform is not stationary, then it will travel at least one whole tile width or tile height. Within one tile length, I would like it to accelerate from a stop to a given max speed. Upon reaching one tile length's distance, I would like it to slow to a stop at given tile coordinate and then repeat the process in reverse. The first two parts aren't too difficult, essentially I'm having trouble with the third part. I would like the platform to stop exactly at a tile coordinate, but being as I'm working with acceleration, it would seem easy to simply begin applying acceleration in the opposite direction to a value storing the platform's current speed once it reaches one tile's length of distance (assuming that the tile is traveling more than one tile-length, but to keep things simple, let's just assume it is)- but then the question is what would the correct value be for acceleration to increment from to produce this effect? How would I find that value?

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• How to move from home page screen to the next menu screen on clicking a particular image in XNA4.0?

  - by Raj

  I m new 2 XNA game pgming(also C#)....I want 2 create a main page with some buttons and on clicking a particular button, it should goto another screen whr there r some buttons to select which should inturn goto the game screen on clicking....Whether I can put all the codes in the "game1.cs" or create new class for every page....Pls help... I've jus went through some pages in "Learning xna4.0" by o'reilly...If there s any other gud tutorials, pls suggest me...

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• AndEngine Box2d game

  - by OneMoreVladimir

  I'm developing a 2d survival shooter using Box2d extension and I've got some questions: I have two AnalogOnScreenControls. Their listeners modify both sprites and bodies. I receive TouchEventPool was exhausted and as their number grows the game crashes accidently. I've tried to put the modification of the bodies and sprites on the UpdateThread but that does not solve the problem. What could be the cause? I have a class that at the beginnig of the game loads all the textures. After I relaunch the game activity several times I receive Unable to find Phys Addr for and "green color" interface. But that doesn't happen if I clear the memory manually through the Task Manager before relaunch What could be the cause? I unload my atlas at the end of the game. The game sometimes crashes at start with NullPointerException in onResumeGame. The solution suggested is to set android:configChanges="orientation|screenSize" but my device is API 10 so it doesn't have screenSize property and orientation only does not seem to help, because the game starts in portrait mode at times (though landscape is set in the code)

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• How to derive euler angles from matrix or quaternion?

  - by KlashnikovKid

  Currently working on steering behavior for my AI and just hit a little mathematical bump. I'm in the process of writing an align function, which basically tries to match the agent's orientation with a target orientation. I've got a good source material for implementing this behavior but it uses euler angles to calculate the rotational delta, acceleration, and so on. This is nice, however I store orientation as a quaternion and the math library I'm using doesn't provide any functionality for deriving the euler angles. But if it helps I also have rotational matrices at my disposal too. What would be the best way to decompose the quaternion or rotational matrix to get the euler information? I found one source for decomposing the matrix, but I'm not quite getting the correct results. I'm thinking it may be a difference of column/row ordering of my matrices but then again, math isn't my strong point. http://nghiaho.com/?page_id=846

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• Apply bone tranforms when importing FBX in XNA

  - by hichaeretaqua

  Preconditions: I have some models, that does only contain some meshes and one texture. There is no animation within the model. An example: a model of a table. I want to draw the Model with a custom effect, so I have to swap the effect after loading the model. In order to draw them correctly, I have to apply the bone transformation manually on each draw for each mesh and effect as can be seen here. So there are two questions: Is there a option during import that allows my to apply the bone transformation on all vertices, so that during draw call I should not have to do this? Is there a option during import that merges all vertices into a Vertex- and IndexBuffer, that allows me to draw the whole model with just one call? I'm pretty sure that the build-in "Autodesk FBX - XNA Framework" does not support this features, but maybe there is an other imported available or an other possibility I missed. The aim is to speed up rendering a little bit especially by using instancing. So having one VertexBuffer to draw at one time would be pretty nice.

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• Data structures for a 2D multi-layered and multi-region map?

  - by DevilWithin

  I am working on a 2D world editor and a world format subsequently. If I were to handle the game "world" being created just as a layered set of structures, either in top or side views, it would be considerably simple to do most things. But, since this editor is meant for 3rd parties, I have no clue how big worlds one will want to make and I need to keep in mind that eventually it will become simply too much to check, handling and comparing stuff that are happening completely away from the player position. I know the solution for this is to subdivide my world into sub regions and stream them on the fly, loading and unloading resources and other data. This way I know a virtually infinite game area is achievable. But, while I know theoretically what to do, I really have a few questions I'd hoped to get answered for some hints about the topic. The logic way to handle the regions is some kind of grid, would you pick evenly distributed blocks with equal sizes or would you let the user subdivide areas by taste with irregular sized rectangles? In case of even grids, would you use some kind of block/chunk neighbouring system to check when the player transposes the limit or just put all those in a simple array? Being a region a different data structure than its owner "game world", when streaming a region, would you deliver the objects to the parent structures and track them for unloading later, or retain the objects in each region for a more "hard-limit" approach? Introducing the subdivision approach to the project, and already having a multi layered scene graph structure on place, how would i make it support the new concept? Would you have the parent node have the layers as children, and replicate in each layer node, a node per region? Or the opposite, parent node owns all the regions possible, and each region has multiple layers as children? Or would you just put the region logic outside the graph completely(compatible with the first suggestion in Q.3) When I say virtually infinite worlds, I mean it of course under the contraints of the variable sizes and so on. Using float positions, a HUGE world can already be made. Do you think its sane to think beyond that? Because I think its ok to stick to this limit since it will never be reached so easily.. As for when to stream a region, I'm implementing it as a collection of watcher cameras, which the streaming system works with to know what to load/unload. The problem here is, i will be needing some kind of warps/teleports built in for my game, and there is a chance i will be teleporting a player to a unloaded region far away. How would you approach something like this? Is it sane to load any region to memory which can be teleported to by a warp within a radius from the player? Sorry for the huge question, any answers are helpful!

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• CCUserDefault, iOS/Android and game updates

  - by Luke

  My game uses cocos2d-x and will be published on iOS platform first, later on Android. I save a lot of things with CCUserDefault (scores, which level was completed, number of coins taken, etc...). But now I have a big doubt. What will happen when the game will receive its first update? CCUserDefault uses an XML file stored somewhere in the app storage space. This file is created and retained until one uninstalls the app. I am wondering what happens when the app is updated. Will the old XML file be maintained? Because if not, how should I handle app updates (updates in the sense that 2, 3 or more new level packages will be added, but the informations about the old ones, like scores, which level was finished and which not, number of coins, etc., need absolutely not to be lost)?

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• Turn-based Client-Server Card Game - Unicast (TCP) or Multicast (UDP)

  - by LDM91

  I am currently planning to make a card game project where the clients will communicate with the server in a turn-based and synchronous manner using messages sent over sockets. The problem I have is how to handle the following scenario: (Client takes it turn and sends its action to server) Client sends a message telling the server its move for the turn (e.g. plays the card 5 from its hand which needs to placed onto the table) Server receives messages and updates game state (server will hold all game state). Server iterates through a list of connected clients and sends a message to tell of them change in state Clients all refresh to display the state This is all based on using TCP, and looking at it now it seems a bit like the Observer pattern. The reason this seems to be an issue to me is this message doesn't seem to be point-to-point like the others as I want to send it to all the clients, and doesn't seem very efficient sending the same message in that way. I was thinking about using multicasting with UDP as then I could send the message to all the clients, however wouldn't this mean that the clients would in theory be able to message each other? There is of course the synchronous aspect as well, though this could be put on top of the UDP I guess. Basically, I would like to know what would be good practice as this project is really all about learning, and even though it won't be big enough to encounter performance issues from this I would like to consider them anyway. However, please note I am not interested in using message oriented middleware as a solution (I have experience with using MOM and I'm interested in considering other options excluding MOM if TCP sockets is a bad idea!).

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