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  • how to use opengl blend mode/functions to brighten/darken a texture.

    - by Jigar
    Tried this code, but the texture didnot get any lighter. try { texture = TextureLoader.getTexture("png", Game.class.getResourceAsStream("/brick.png"), true, GL_NEAREST); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } GL11.glBindTexture(GL11.GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture.getTextureID()); glEnable(GL_BLEND); glBlendFunc(GL_CONSTANT_ALPHA, GL_CONSTANT_ALPHA); GL14.glBlendColor(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 0.5f); glColor4f(1, 1, 1, 0.5f); GL11.glBegin(GL11.GL_QUADS); // Start Drawing Quads // Front Face GL11.glNormal3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f); // Normal Pointing Towards Viewer GL11.glTexCoord2f(0.0f, 0.0f); GL11.glVertex3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f); // Point 1 (Front) GL11.glTexCoord2f(1.0f, 0.0f); GL11.glVertex3f(1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f); // Point 2 (Front) GL11.glTexCoord2f(1.0f, 1.0f); GL11.glVertex3f(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f); // Point 3 (Front) GL11.glTexCoord2f(0.0f, 1.0f); GL11.glVertex3f(-1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f); // Point 4 (Front) glEnd();

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  • How to handle animations?

    - by Bane
    I am coding a simple 2D engine to be used with HTML5. I already have classes such as Picture, Scene, Camera and Renderer, but now I need to work on Animations. Picture is basocally a wrapper for a normal image object, with it's own draw method, but this is unrelated, I'm interested in how animation in 2D games is usually done. What I planned to do, is to have the Animation class as well act like a wrapper for a few image objects, and then have methods such as getCurrentImage, next and animate (which would use intervals to quickly change the current image). I meant to feed the animation a couple of PNG's at inicialisation. Is quickly swapping PNG images acceptable for 2D animation? Are there some standard ways of doing this, or are there flaws in my ways?

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  • Consistency of DirectX models

    - by marc wellman
    Is there a way to check the consistency of a DirectX model (.x) ? Whilst compiling .x files with XNA GameStudio 3.1 compilation is aborted with the following error message: Error 2 Could not read the X file. The file is corrupt or invalid. Error code: D3DXFERR_PARSEERROR. C:\WFP\Browser\Content\m.x KiviBrowser Some models compile correctly without any error/warning and some abort as described. The files of each model have several thousand lines. I am creating the files in Googles SketchUp 8 where they all look fine and don't show any sign of corruption. Suppose I have such a model my XNA compiler won't compile because their is an inconsistency somewhere in the file - how could I identify this in order to correct it ?

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  • Why does creating dynamic bodies in JBox2D freeze my app?

    - by Amplify91
    My game hangs/freezes when I create dynamic bullet objects with Box2D and I don't know why. I am making a game where the main character can shoot bullets by the user tapping on the screen. Each touch event spawns a new FireProjectileEvent that is handled properly by an event queue. So I know my problem is not trying to create a new body while the box2d world is locked. My bullets are then created and managed by an object pool class like this: public Projectile getProjectile(){ for(int i=0;i<mProjectiles.size();i++){ if(!mProjectiles.get(i).isActive){ return mProjectiles.get(i); } } return mSpriteFactory.createProjectile(); } mSpriteFactory.createProjectile() leads to the physics component of the Projectile class creating its box2d body. I have narrowed the issue down to this method and it looks like this: public void create(World world, float x, float y, Vec2 vertices[], boolean dynamic){ BodyDef bodyDef = new BodyDef(); if(dynamic){ bodyDef.type = BodyType.DYNAMIC; }else{ bodyDef.type = BodyType.STATIC; } bodyDef.position.set(x, y); mBody = world.createBody(bodyDef); PolygonShape dynamicBox = new PolygonShape(); dynamicBox.set(vertices, vertices.length); FixtureDef fixtureDef = new FixtureDef(); fixtureDef.shape = dynamicBox; fixtureDef.density = 1.0f; fixtureDef.friction = 0.0f; mBody.createFixture(fixtureDef); mBody.setFixedRotation(true); } If the dynamic parameter is set to true my game freezes before crashing, but if it is false, it will create a projectile exactly how I want it just doesn't function properly (because a projectile is not a static object). Why does my program fail when I try to create a dynamic object at runtime but not when I create a static one? I have other dynamic objects (like my main character) that work fine. Any help would be greatly appreciated. This is a screenshot of a method profile I did: Especially notable is number 8. I'm just still unsure what I'm doing wrong. Other notes: I am using JBox2D 2.1.2.2. (Upgraded from 2.1.2.1 to try to fix this problem) When the application freezes, if I hit the back button, it appears to move my game backwards by one update tick. Very strange.

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  • Rule of thumb for enemy design

    - by Terrance
    I'm at the early stages of developing a 2d side scrolling open ended platformer (think metroidvania) and am having a bit of difficulty at enemy design inspiration for something of a scifi, nature, fantasy setting that isn't overly familar or obvious. I haven't seen too many articles blogs or books that talk about the subject at great length. Is there a fair rule of thumb when coming up with enemy design with respect to keeping your player engaged?

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  • Reacting to rectangle on rectangle collisions

    - by mcjohnalds45
    I don't know how to react to collisions between two axis aligned rectangles that have x, y, width and height values (x and y are from the centre of the box) to make them simply not overlap. I figured I'd just make them move away from each other depending on how far they intersect in the opposite direction (left, right, up or down) of where they collided. If I check for collisions only on the x axis or only on the y axis it works fine, but when checking for both collisions crazy stuff happens. This code executes when the first box collides with the second. It's in lua but feel free to answer in anything that isn't to too counter-intuitive. if box1.x < box2.x then box1.x = box1.x + box2.x - box1.x - (box1.width / 2) - (box2.width / 2) end if box1.x > box2.x then box1.x = box1.x - (box1.x - box2.x - (box1.width / 2) - (box2.width / 2)) end if box1.y < box2.y then box1.y = box1.y + box2.y - box1.y - (box1.height / 2) - (box2.height / 2) end if box1.y > box2.y then box1.y = box1.y - (box1.y - box2.y - (box1.height / 2) - (box2.height / 2)) end

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  • Linking one uniform variable to many shaders

    - by Winged
    Let's say, that I have 3 programs, and in each of those programs there is a view matrix uniform, which should be the same in all those programs. Right now, when my camera moves, I need to re-upload the modified matrix to every program separately. Is it possible to create some kind of global uniforms which are constant for all programs linked to it, so I could just upload the matrix once? I tried creating a globalUniforms object which looked kinda like this: var globalUniforms = { program: {}, // (...) vMatrixUniform: null, // (...) initialize: function() { vMatrixUniform = gl.getUniformLocation(this.program, 'uVMatrix'); } }; So I could just link it to proper programs like this: program.vMatrixUniform = globalUniforms.vMatrixUniform;, and then pass the matrix like this: if (camera.isDirty.viewMatrix !== false) { camera.isDirty.viewMatrix = false; gl.uniformMatrix4fv(globalUniforms.vMatrixUniform, false, camera.viewMatrix.element); } but unfortunately it throws an error: Uncaught exception: gl.INVALID_VALUE was caused by call to: getUniformLocation called from line 272, column 2 in () in mysite/js/mesh.js: vMatrixUniform = gl.getUniformLocation(this.program, 'uVMatrix'); Summing up: is there a more efficient way of managing shaders which follows my logic?

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  • Trouble with AABB collision response and physics

    - by WCM
    I have been racking my brain trying to figure out a problem I am having with physics and basic AABB collision response. I am fairly close as the physics are mostly right. Gravity feels good and movement is solid. The issue I am running into is that when I land on the test block in my project, I can jump off of it most of the time. If I repeatedly jump in place, I will eventually get stuck one or two pixels below the surface of the test block. If I try to jump, I can become free of the other block, but it will happen again a few jumps later. I feel like I am missing something really obvious with this. I have two functions that support the detection and function to return a vector for the overlap of the two rectangle bounding boxes. I have a single update method that is processing the physics and collision for the entity. I feel like I am missing something very simple, like an ordering of the physics vs. collision response handling. Any thoughts or help can be appreciated. I apologize for the format of the code, tis prototype code mostly. The collision detection function: public static bool Collides(Rectangle source, Rectangle target) { if (source.Right < target.Left || source.Bottom < target.Top || source.Left > target.Right || source.Top > target.Bottom) { return false; } return true; } The overlap function: public static Vector2 GetMinimumTranslation(Rectangle source, Rectangle target) { Vector2 mtd = new Vector2(); Vector2 amin = source.Min(); Vector2 amax = source.Max(); Vector2 bmin = target.Min(); Vector2 bmax = target.Max(); float left = (bmin.X - amax.X); float right = (bmax.X - amin.X); float top = (bmin.Y - amax.Y); float bottom = (bmax.Y - amin.Y); if (left > 0 || right < 0) return Vector2.Zero; if (top > 0 || bottom < 0) return Vector2.Zero; if (Math.Abs(left) < right) mtd.X = left; else mtd.X = right; if (Math.Abs(top) < bottom) mtd.Y = top; else mtd.Y = bottom; // 0 the axis with the largest mtd value. if (Math.Abs(mtd.X) < Math.Abs(mtd.Y)) mtd.Y = 0; else mtd.X = 0; return mtd; } The update routine (gravity = 0.001f, jumpHeight = 0.35f, moveAmount = 0.15f): public void Update(GameTime gameTime) { Acceleration.Y = gravity; Position += new Vector2((float)(movement * moveAmount * gameTime.ElapsedGameTime.TotalMilliseconds), (float)(Velocity.Y * gameTime.ElapsedGameTime.TotalMilliseconds)); Velocity.Y += Acceleration.Y; Vector2 previousPosition = new Vector2((int)Position.X, (int)Position.Y); KeyboardState keyboard = Keyboard.GetState(); movement = 0; if (keyboard.IsKeyDown(Keys.Left)) { movement -= 1; } if (keyboard.IsKeyDown(Keys.Right)) { movement += 1; } if (Position.Y + 16 > GameClass.Instance.GraphicsDevice.Viewport.Height) { Velocity.Y = 0; Position = new Vector2(Position.X, GameClass.Instance.GraphicsDevice.Viewport.Height - 16); IsOnSurface = true; } if (Collision.Collides(BoundingBox, GameClass.Instance.block.BoundingBox)) { Vector2 mtd = Collision.GetMinimumTranslation(BoundingBox, GameClass.Instance.block.BoundingBox); Position += mtd; Velocity.Y = 0; IsOnSurface = true; } if (keyboard.IsKeyDown(Keys.Space) && !previousKeyboard.IsKeyDown(Keys.Space)) { if (IsOnSurface) { Velocity.Y = -jumpHeight; IsOnSurface = false; } } previousKeyboard = keyboard; } This is also a full download to the project. https://www.box.com/s/3rkdtbso3xgfgc2asawy P.S. I know that I could do this with the XNA Platformer Starter Kit algo, but it has some deep flaws that I am going to try to live without. I'd rather go the route of collision response via an overlay function. Thanks for any and all insight!

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  • Random/Procedural vs. Previously Made Level Generation

    - by PythonInProgress
    I am making a game (called "Glory") that is a top-down explorer game, and am wondering what the advantages/disadvantages of using random/procedural generation vs. pre-made levels are. There seems to be few that i can think of, other than the fact that items may be a problem to distribute in randomly generated terrain, and that the generated terrain may look weird. The downside to previously made levels is that I would need to make a level editor, though. I cannot decide what is better to use.

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  • rotate player based off of joystick

    - by pengume
    Hey everyone I have this game that i am making in android and I have a touch screen joystick that moves the player around based on the joysticks position. I cant figure out how to also get the player to rotate at the same angle of the joystick. so when the joystick is to the left the players bitmap is rotated to the left as well. Maybe someone here has some sample code I could look at here is the joysticks class that I am using. `public class GameControls implements OnTouchListener { public float initx = DroidzActivity.screenWidth - 45; //255; // 320 og 425 public float inity = DroidzActivity.screenHeight - 45;//425; // 480 og 267 public Point _touchingPoint = new Point( DroidzActivity.screenWidth - 45, DroidzActivity.screenHeight - 45); public Point _pointerPosition = new Point(DroidzActivity.screenWidth - 100, DroidzActivity.screenHeight - 100); // ogx 220 ogy 150 private Boolean _dragging = false; private boolean attackMode = false; @Override public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) { update(event); return true; } private MotionEvent lastEvent; public boolean ControlDragged; private static double angle; public void update(MotionEvent event) { if (event == null && lastEvent == null) { return; } else if (event == null && lastEvent != null) { event = lastEvent; } else { lastEvent = event; } // drag drop if (event.getAction() == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN) { if ((int) event.getX() > 0 && (int) event.getX() < 50 && (int) event.getY() > DroidzActivity.screenHeight - 160 && (int) event.getY() < DroidzActivity.screenHeight - 0) { setAttackMode(true); } else { _dragging = true; } } else if (event.getAction() == MotionEvent.ACTION_UP) { if(isAttackMode()){ setAttackMode(false); } _dragging = false; } if (_dragging) { ControlDragged = true; // get the pos _touchingPoint.x = (int) event.getX(); _touchingPoint.y = (int) event.getY(); // Log.d("GameControls", "x = " + _touchingPoint.x + " y = " //+ _touchingPoint.y); // bound to a box if (_touchingPoint.x < DroidzActivity.screenWidth - 75) { // og 400 _touchingPoint.x = DroidzActivity.screenWidth - 75; } if (_touchingPoint.x > DroidzActivity.screenWidth - 15) {// og 450 _touchingPoint.x = DroidzActivity.screenWidth - 15; } if (_touchingPoint.y < DroidzActivity.screenHeight - 75) {// og 240 _touchingPoint.y = DroidzActivity.screenHeight - 75; } if (_touchingPoint.y > DroidzActivity.screenHeight - 15) {// og 290 _touchingPoint.y = DroidzActivity.screenHeight - 15; } // get the angle setAngle(Math.atan2(_touchingPoint.y - inity, _touchingPoint.x - initx) / (Math.PI / 180)); // Move the ninja in proportion to how far // the joystick is dragged from its center _pointerPosition.y += Math.sin(getAngle() * (Math.PI / 180)) * (_touchingPoint.x / 70); // og 180 70 _pointerPosition.x += Math.cos(getAngle() * (Math.PI / 180)) * (_touchingPoint.x / 70); // make the pointer go thru if (_pointerPosition.x > DroidzActivity.screenWidth) { _pointerPosition.x = 0; } if (_pointerPosition.x < 0) { _pointerPosition.x = DroidzActivity.screenWidth; } if (_pointerPosition.y > DroidzActivity.screenHeight) { _pointerPosition.y = 0; } if (_pointerPosition.y < 0) { _pointerPosition.y = DroidzActivity.screenHeight; } } else if (!_dragging) { ControlDragged = false; // Snap back to center when the joystick is released _touchingPoint.x = (int) initx; _touchingPoint.y = (int) inity; // shaft.alpha = 0; } } public void setAttackMode(boolean attackMode) { this.attackMode = attackMode; } public boolean isAttackMode() { return attackMode; } public void setAngle(double angle) { this.angle = angle; } public static double getAngle() { return angle; } }` I should also note that the player has animations based on when he is moving or attacking.

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  • List has no value after adding values in

    - by Sigh-AniDe
    I am creating a a ghost sprite that will mimic the main sprite after 10 seconds of the game. I am storing the users movements in a List<string> and i am using a foreach loop to run the movements. The problem is when i run through the game by adding breakpoints the movements are being added to the List<string> but when the foreach runs it shows that the list has nothing in it. Why does it do that? How can i fix it? this is what i have: public List<string> ghostMovements = new List<string>(); public void UpdateGhost(float scalingFactor, int[,] map) { // At this foreach, ghostMovements has nothing in it foreach (string s in ghostMovements) { // current position of the ghost on the tiles int mapX = (int)(ghostPostition.X / scalingFactor); int mapY = (int)(ghostPostition.Y / scalingFactor); if (s == "left") { switch (ghostDirection) { case ghostFacingUp: angle = 1.6f; ghostDirection = ghostFacingRight; Program.form.direction = ""; break; case ghostFacingRight: angle = 3.15f; ghostDirection = ghostFacingDown; Program.form.direction = ""; break; case ghostFacingDown: angle = -1.6f; ghostDirection = ghostFacingLeft; Program.form.direction = ""; break; case ghostFacingLeft: angle = 0.0f; ghostDirection = ghostFacingUp; Program.form.direction = ""; break; } } } } // The movement is captured here and added to the list public void captureMovement() { ghostMovements.Add(Program.form.direction); }

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  • Loadbalancing Questions

    - by Van Holtz
    I have been learning networking for about 4 months. Wrote a single standalone Multiplayer server and succeeded with authoritative approach. Now I want to extend it by splitting the single server into clusters to allow even more players to log in to avoid latency issues. Now I have protyped the Loadbalancing server and its running pretty good so far. This is my architecture, I have a master server which acts as a proxy, every sub servers(chat, login, game) connect to the master server as well as all the clients. when a client connects, Client Request: Send Request - MS(Master) - Decides which SS(SubServer) to forward to - Forwards Request to SS - SS - Analyze Message - Send Response to MS - Decides which Client to forward to - Forwards Response to Client Well, it looks like its going through lots of stages. it takes double the time to process the message than a single server approach. i feel like my model isnt the best or i may be wrong. is there any better model or the one they use in professional games? I still want a Master-SubServer approach. I just want to clarify that I'm going in the right direction before writing all my codes. Thanks for any answer :)

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  • How do client-server cooperation based games like Diablo 3 work?

    - by edgar
    Diablo 3 cooperates with Blizzard servers even during single player games. In fact, Blizzard has had problems with the games "melting their servers." I would like to ask: How do the client and the server communicate? What details does the client leave to the server, and vice versa? What details are redundant - both the client and the server know - and how often do they disagree? The previous paragraph contains the important questions, but I have a few more that I must explain my motivation towards. I am interested in the programming of botting. Ethical botting - I don't plan on actually abusing the automation to run 24/7. I just find it to be a great programming challenge to glean information from a game, and then make decisions from that information. I am stuck in the starting gate. The unofficial questions from this post would be: How can I make a bot (language, tools, libraries)? Can I get information through the communication between client and server, rather than the brute force pixel detection easily used in more static games? There probably is a trust issue, and to that all I can say is that I promise not to abuse the answers. But please feel free to answer any of the questions you feel comfortable with. Thank you!

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  • CW/CCW Rotation of a Vector

    - by user23132
    Considering that I have a vector A, and after an arbitrary rotation I get vector B. I want to use this rotation operation in others vectors as well, but I'm having problems in doing that. My idea do that is to calculate the perpendicular vector C of the plane AB (by calculating AxB). This vector C is the axis that I'll need to rotate. To discover the angle I used the dot product between A and B, the acos of the dot product will return the lowest angle between A and B, the angle ang. The rotation I need to do is then: -rotate *ang*º around the C axis. The problem is that I dont know if this rotation is a CW or CCW rotation, since the cos of the dot product does not give me information of the sign of the angle. There's a tip discover that in 2D ( A.x * B.y - A.y * B.x) that you can use to discover if the vector A is at left/right of vector B. But I dont know how to do this in 3D space. Can anyone help me?

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  • How do they keep track of the NPCs in Left 4 Dead?

    - by f20k
    How do they keep track of the NPC zombies in Left 4 Dead? I am talking about the NPCs that just walk into walls or wander around aimlessly. Even though the players cannot see them, they are there (say inside rooms or behind doors). Let's say there's about 10 or so zombies in a hallway and inside rooms. Does the game keep all of those zombies in a list and iterate through giving them commands? Do they just spawn when the user is within a certain radius or reached a special location? Say you placed the 4 units (controlled by players) on completely different places throughout the map. Let's assume you aren't being swarmed and then you have not killed any of these aimless NPCs. Would the game be keeping track of 10 x 4 = 40 zombies in total? Or is my understanding completely off? The reason I ask is if I were to implement something similar on a mobile device, keeping track of 40 or more NPCs might not be such a great idea.

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  • how difficult to add vibration/feedback to a open source driving game

    - by Jonathan Day
    Hi, I'm looking to use SuperTuxKart as a basis for a PhD research project. A key requirement for the game is to provide vibration feedback through the controller (obviously dependant on the controller itself). I don't believe that the game currently includes this feature and I'm trying to get a feel for how big a challenge it would be to add. My background is as a J2EE and PHP developer/architect, so I don't know C++ as such, but am prepared to give it a crack if there are resources and guides to assist, and it's not a herculean task. Alternatively, if you know of any open source games that do include vibration feedback, please feel free to let me know! Preferably the game would be of the style that the player had to navigate a character (or character's vehicle) over a repeatable course/map. TIA, JD

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  • Ray Intersecting Plane Formula in C++/DirectX

    - by user4585
    I'm developing a picking system that will use rays that intersect volumes and I'm having trouble with ray intersection versus a plane. I was able to figure out spheres fairly easily, but planes are giving me trouble. I've tried to understand various sources and get hung up on some of the variables used within their explanations. Here is a snippet of my code: bool Picking() { D3DXVECTOR3 vec; D3DXVECTOR3 vRayDir; D3DXVECTOR3 vRayOrig; D3DXVECTOR3 vROO, vROD; // vect ray obj orig, vec ray obj dir D3DXMATRIX m; D3DXMATRIX mInverse; D3DXMATRIX worldMat; // Obtain project matrix D3DXMATRIX pMatProj = CDirectXRenderer::GetInstance()->Director()->Proj(); // Obtain mouse position D3DXVECTOR3 pos = CGUIManager::GetInstance()->GUIObjectList.front().pos; // Get window width & height float w = CDirectXRenderer::GetInstance()->GetWidth(); float h = CDirectXRenderer::GetInstance()->GetHeight(); // Transform vector from screen to 3D space vec.x = (((2.0f * pos.x) / w) - 1.0f) / pMatProj._11; vec.y = -(((2.0f * pos.y) / h) - 1.0f) / pMatProj._22; vec.z = 1.0f; // Create a view inverse matrix D3DXMatrixInverse(&m, NULL, &CDirectXRenderer::GetInstance()->Director()->View()); // Determine our ray's direction vRayDir.x = vec.x * m._11 + vec.y * m._21 + vec.z * m._31; vRayDir.y = vec.x * m._12 + vec.y * m._22 + vec.z * m._32; vRayDir.z = vec.x * m._13 + vec.y * m._23 + vec.z * m._33; // Determine our ray's origin vRayOrig.x = m._41; vRayOrig.y = m._42; vRayOrig.z = m._43; D3DXMatrixIdentity(&worldMat); //worldMat = aliveActors[0]->GetTrans(); D3DXMatrixInverse(&mInverse, NULL, &worldMat); D3DXVec3TransformCoord(&vROO, &vRayOrig, &mInverse); D3DXVec3TransformNormal(&vROD, &vRayDir, &mInverse); D3DXVec3Normalize(&vROD, &vROD); When using this code I'm able to detect a ray intersection via a sphere, but I have questions when determining an intersection via a plane. First off should I be using my vRayOrig & vRayDir variables for the plane intersection tests or should I be using the new vectors that are created for use in object space? When looking at a site like this for example: http://www.tar.hu/gamealgorithms/ch22lev1sec2.html I'm curious as to what D is in the equation AX + BY + CZ + D = 0 and how does it factor in to determining a plane intersection? Any help will be appreciated, thanks.

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  • Pokemon Yellow wrap transitions

    - by Alex Koukoulas
    So I've been trying to make a pretty accurate clone of the good old Pokemon Yellow for quite some time now and one puzzling but nonetheless subtle mechanic has puzzled me. As you can see in the uploaded image there is a certain colour manipulation done in two stages after entering a wrap to another game location (such as stairs or entering a building). One easy (and sloppy) way of achieving this and the one I have been using so far is to make three copies of each image rendered on the screen all of them with their colours adjusted accordingly to match each stage of the transition. Of course after a while this becomes tremendously time consuming. So my question is does anyone know any better way of achieving this colour manipulation effect using java? Thanks in advance, Alex

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  • Turn-based Client-Server Card Game - Unicast (TCP) or Multicast (UDP)

    - by LDM91
    I am currently planning to make a card game project where the clients will communicate with the server in a turn-based and synchronous manner using messages sent over sockets. The problem I have is how to handle the following scenario: (Client takes it turn and sends its action to server) Client sends a message telling the server its move for the turn (e.g. plays the card 5 from its hand which needs to placed onto the table) Server receives messages and updates game state (server will hold all game state). Server iterates through a list of connected clients and sends a message to tell of them change in state Clients all refresh to display the state This is all based on using TCP, and looking at it now it seems a bit like the Observer pattern. The reason this seems to be an issue to me is this message doesn't seem to be point-to-point like the others as I want to send it to all the clients, and doesn't seem very efficient sending the same message in that way. I was thinking about using multicasting with UDP as then I could send the message to all the clients, however wouldn't this mean that the clients would in theory be able to message each other? There is of course the synchronous aspect as well, though this could be put on top of the UDP I guess. Basically, I would like to know what would be good practice as this project is really all about learning, and even though it won't be big enough to encounter performance issues from this I would like to consider them anyway. However, please note I am not interested in using message oriented middleware as a solution (I have experience with using MOM and I'm interested in considering other options excluding MOM if TCP sockets is a bad idea!).

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  • Best practice for designing a risk-style board game

    - by jyanks
    I'm just trying to figure out how to set up the code for a game like risk... I would like it to be extensible, so that I can have multiple maps (ie- World, North America, Eurasia, Africa) so hardcoding in the map doesn't seem to make a whole lot of sense I'm a bit confused on how/where items should be stored/accessed. Here are the objects I see the game theoretically using: -Countries/Territories -Cities (Can be contained within territories) -Capitols -Connections -Continents -Map -Troops At the moment, I feel like: -A map should have a list of continents and countries. The continents would be more of a 'logical' thing where the continents would just be lists of countries that are checked for bonuses at the start of turns -Countries should have a list of countries that they're connected to for the connections What I can't figure out is: Where do I store the troops? Do I have an object for every single troop or do I just store the number of troops on a country object as an integer? What about capitols and cities? Do those just have a reference to the country they reside in? Is there anything I'm not seeing here that's going to screw me over in the long run with the way that I'm thinking about things now? Any advice would be appreciated.

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  • Setting Krypton Light to Screen Pixels

    - by Adam Jerrett
    So a few days back, I started playing around with Krypton XNA for 2D lighting in my game. I noticed in general, that spawning a light at (0,0) with Krypton causes the light to appear in, pretty much, the centre of the game screen. Is there any way to change this so a Krypton light's "starting point" at [0,0] would spawn at the top left of the screen, and thus follow the standard screen co-ordinates for position? I ask because currently I'm busy working on my game where my spawn point is [512,512]. With hard code, the closest I've got to the light being "central" to this point is the vector position [12,-20], which makes no sense and is impossible to craft, mathematically, if I want the light to move with the camera (the position [480,512] maps roughly to [10,-20]). So, is there any way to "normalise" the krypton lights to use standard screen co-ordinates? If you guys can, play around with the demo from the site and please see if you can find anything out about it. Documentation on the engine is rather scarce, so it's difficult to find anything relevant to my "pixel-perfect" need. It might just also be something in the code with regards to the matrices that I'm not fully understanding. Any help would be useful. Thanks.

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  • Behavior Trees and Animations

    - by Tom
    I have started working on the AI for a game, but am confused how I should handle animations. I will be using a Behavior Tree for AI behavior and Cocos2D for my game engine. Should my "PlayAnimationWalk" just be another node in the tree? Something similar to this: [Approach Player] - Play Walk animation - Move Towards player - Stop Walk animation Or should the node just update an AnimationState in the blackboard and have some type of animation handler/component reference this for which animation should be playing? This has been driving me nuts :)

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  • How to break out of if statement

    - by TheBroodian
    I'm not sure if the title is exactly an accurate representation of what I'm actually trying to ask, but that was the best I could think of. I am experiencing an issue with my character class. I have developed a system so that he can perform chain attacks, and something that was important to me was that 1)button presses during the process of an attack wouldn't interrupt the character, and 2) at the same time, button presses should be stored so that the player can smoothly queue up chain attacks in the middle of one so that gameplay doesn't feel rigid or unresponsive. This all begins when the player presses the punch button. Upon pressing the punch button, the game checks the state of the dpad at the moment of the button press, and then translates the resulting combined buttons into an int which I use as an enumerator relating to a punch method for the character. The enumerator is placed into a List so that the next time the character's Update() method is called, it will execute the next punch in the list. It only executes the next punch if my character is flagged with acceptInput as true. All attacks flag acceptInput as false, to prevent the interruption of attacks, and then at the end of an attack, acceptInput is set back to true. While accepting input, all other actions are polled for, i.e. jumping, running, etc. In runtime, if I attack, and then queue up another attack behind it (by pressing forward+punch) I can see the second attack visibly execute, which should flag acceptInput as false, yet it gets interrupted and my character will stop punching and start running if I am still holding down the dpad. Included is some code for context. This is the input region for my character. //Placed this outside the if (acceptInput) tree because I want it //to be taken into account whether we are accepting input or not. //This will queue up attacks, which will only be executed if we are accepting input. //This creates a desired effect that helps control the character in a // smoother fashion for the player. if (Input.justPressed(buttonManager.Punch)) { int dpadPressed = Input.DpadState(0); if (attackBuffer.Count() < 1) { attackBuffer.Add(CheckPunch(dpadPressed)); } else { attackBuffer.Clear(); attackBuffer.Add(CheckPunch(dpadPressed)); } } if (acceptInput) { if (attackBuffer.Count() > 0) { ExecutePunch(attackBuffer[0]); attackBuffer.RemoveAt(0); } //If D-Pad left is being held down. if (Input.DpadDirectionHeld(0, buttonManager.Left)) { flipped = false; if (onGround) { newAnimation = "run"; } velocity = new Vector2(velocity.X - acceleration, velocity.Y); if (walking == true && velocity.X <= -walkSpeed) { velocity.X = -walkSpeed; } else if (walking == false && velocity.X <= -maxSpeed) { velocity.X = -maxSpeed; } } //If D-Pad right is being held down. if (Input.DpadDirectionHeld(0, buttonManager.Right)) { flipped = true; if (onGround) { newAnimation = "run"; } velocity = new Vector2(velocity.X + acceleration, velocity.Y); if (walking == true && velocity.X >= walkSpeed) { velocity.X = walkSpeed; } else if (walking == false && velocity.X >= maxSpeed) { velocity.X = maxSpeed; } } //If jump/accept button is pressed. if (Input.justPressed(buttonManager.JumpAccept)) { if (onGround) { Jump(); } } //If toggle element next button is pressed. if (Input.justPressed(buttonManager.ToggleElementNext)) { if (elements.Count != 0) { elementInUse++; if (elementInUse >= elements.Count) { elementInUse = 0; } } } //If toggle element last button is pressed. if (Input.justPressed(buttonManager.ToggleElementLast)) { if (elements.Count != 0) { elementInUse--; if (elementInUse < 0) { elementInUse = Convert.ToSByte(elements.Count() - 1); } } } //If character is in the process of jumping. if (jumping == true) { if (Input.heldDown(buttonManager.JumpAccept)) { velocity.Y -= fallSpeed.Y; maxJumpTime -= elapsed; } if (Input.justReleased(buttonManager.JumpAccept) || maxJumpTime <= 0) { jumping = false; maxJumpTime = 0; } } //Won't execute abilities if input isn't being accepted. foreach (PlayerAbility ability in playerAbilities) { if (buffer.Matches(ability)) { if (onGround) { ability.Activate(); } if (!onGround && ability.UsableInAir) { ability.Activate(); } else if (!onGround && !ability.UsableInAir) { buffer.Clear(); } } } } When the attackBuffer calls ExecutePunch(int) method, ExecutePunch() will call one of the following methods: private void NeutralPunch1() //0 { acceptInput = false; busy = true; newAnimation = "punch1"; numberOfAttacks++; timeSinceLastAttack = 0; } private void ForwardPunch2(bool toLeft) //true == 7, false == 4 { forwardPunch2Timer = 0f; acceptInput = false; busy = true; newAnimation = "punch2begin"; numberOfAttacks++; timeSinceLastAttack = 0; if (toLeft) { velocity.X -= 800; } if (!toLeft) { velocity.X += 800; } } I assume the attack is being interrupted due to the fact that ExecutePunch() is in the same if statement as running, but I haven't been able to find a suitable way to stop this happening. Thank you ahead of time for reading this, I apologize for it having become so long winded.

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  • Unity iOS optimization and draw calls

    - by vzm
    I am curious of what methods I should approach in optimizing my Unity project for iOS hardware. I have very little image effects running (directional light with low res shadows) and I used the combine children script from the standard assets to lessen the load on the CPU. My project currently runs with 45-57 draw calls at non-intensive segments and up to 178 at intensive segments. I heard that static batching relieves some of the stress, but the game has the environment moving around the player instead of the player moving around the environment. Is there any alternative that I may look towards to improving the draw call number?

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  • 2-d lighting day/night cycle

    - by Richard
    Off the back of this post in which I asked two questions and received one answer, which I accepted as a valid answer. I have decided to re-ask the outstanding question. I have implemented light points with shadow casting as shown here but I would like an overall map light with no point/light source. The map setup is a top-down 2-d 50X50 pixel grid. How would I go about implementing a day/night cycle lighting across a map?

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