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• Faking Display tree (Sprite) parent child relationships with rasters (BitmapData) in ActionScript 3

  - by Arthur Wulf White

  I am working with Rasters (bitmapData) and blliting (copypixels) in a 2d-game in actionscript 3. I like how you can move a sprite and it moves all it's children, and you can simultaneously move the children creating an interesting visual effect. I do not want to use rotation or scaling however cause I do not know how that can be done without hampering with performance. So I'm not simulating Sprite parent-child behavior and sticking to the movement on the (x, y) axis. What I am planning to do is create a class called RasterContainer which extends bitmapData that has a vector of children of type Raster(extending bitmapData), now I am planning to implement recursive rendering in RasterContainer, that basically copyPixels every child, only changing their (x, y) offset to reflect their parent's offset. My question is, has this been implemented in an existing framework? Is this a good plan? Do I expect a serious performance hit for using recursive methods this way?

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• A* PathFinding Poor Performance

  - by RedShft

  After debugging for a few hours, the algorithm seems to be working. Right now to check if it works i'm checking the end node position to the currentNode position when the while loop quits. So far the values look correct. The problem is, the farther I get from the NPC, who is current stationary, the worse the performance gets. It gets to a point where the game is unplayable less than 10 fps. My current PathGraph is 2500 nodes, which I believe is pretty small, right? Any ideas on how to improve performance? struct Node { bool walkable; //Whether this node is blocked or open vect2 position; //The tile's position on the map in pixels int xIndex, yIndex; //The index values of the tile in the array Node*[4] connections; //An array of pointers to nodes this current node connects to Node* parent; int gScore; int hScore; int fScore; } class AStar { private: SList!Node openList; SList!Node closedList; //Node*[4] connections; //The connections of the current node; Node currentNode; //The current node being processed Node[] Path; //The path found; const int connectionCost = 10; Node start, end; ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// void AddToList(ref SList!Node list, ref Node node ) { list.insert( node ); } void RemoveFrom(ref SList!Node list, ref Node node ) { foreach( elem; list ) { if( node.xIndex == elem.xIndex && node.yIndex == elem.yIndex ) { auto a = find( list[] , elem ); list.linearRemove( take(a, 1 ) ); } } } bool IsInList( SList!Node list, ref Node node ) { foreach( elem; list ) { if( node.xIndex == elem.xIndex && node.yIndex == elem.yIndex ) return true; } return false; } void ClearList( SList!Node list ) { list.clear; } void SetParentNode( ref Node parent, ref Node child ) { child.parent = &parent; } void SetStartAndEndNode( vect2 vStart, vect2 vEnd, Node[] PathGraph ) { int startXIndex, startYIndex; int endXIndex, endYIndex; startXIndex = cast(int)( vStart.x / 32 ); startYIndex = cast(int)( vStart.y / 32 ); endXIndex = cast(int)( vEnd.x / 32 ); endYIndex = cast(int)( vEnd.y / 32 ); foreach( node; PathGraph ) { if( node.xIndex == startXIndex && node.yIndex == startYIndex ) { start = node; } if( node.xIndex == endXIndex && node.yIndex == endYIndex ) { end = node; } } } void SetStartScores( ref Node start ) { start.gScore = 0; start.hScore = CalculateHScore( start, end ); start.fScore = CalculateFScore( start ); } Node GetLowestFScore() { Node lowest; lowest.fScore = 10000; foreach( elem; openList ) { if( elem.fScore < lowest.fScore ) lowest = elem; } return lowest; } //This function current sets the program into an infinite loop //I still need to debug to figure out why the parent nodes aren't correct void GeneratePath() { while( currentNode.position != start.position ) { Path ~= currentNode; currentNode = *currentNode.parent; } } void ReversePath() { Node[] temp; for(int i = Path.length - 1; i >= 0; i-- ) { temp ~= Path[i]; } Path = temp.dup; } public: //@FIXME It seems to find the path, but now performance is terrible void FindPath( vect2 vStart, vect2 vEnd, Node[] PathGraph ) { openList.clear; closedList.clear; SetStartAndEndNode( vStart, vEnd, PathGraph ); SetStartScores( start ); AddToList( openList, start ); while( currentNode.position != end.position ) { currentNode = GetLowestFScore(); if( currentNode.position == end.position ) break; else { RemoveFrom( openList, currentNode ); AddToList( closedList, currentNode ); for( int i = 0; i < currentNode.connections.length; i++ ) { if( currentNode.connections[i] is null ) continue; else { if( IsInList( closedList, *currentNode.connections[i] ) && currentNode.gScore < currentNode.connections[i].gScore ) { currentNode.connections[i].gScore = currentNode.gScore + connectionCost; currentNode.connections[i].hScore = abs( currentNode.connections[i].xIndex - end.xIndex ) + abs( currentNode.connections[i].yIndex - end.yIndex ); currentNode.connections[i].fScore = currentNode.connections[i].gScore + currentNode.connections[i].hScore; currentNode.connections[i].parent = &currentNode; } else if( IsInList( openList, *currentNode.connections[i] ) && currentNode.gScore < currentNode.connections[i].gScore ) { currentNode.connections[i].gScore = currentNode.gScore + connectionCost; currentNode.connections[i].hScore = abs( currentNode.connections[i].xIndex - end.xIndex ) + abs( currentNode.connections[i].yIndex - end.yIndex ); currentNode.connections[i].fScore = currentNode.connections[i].gScore + currentNode.connections[i].hScore; currentNode.connections[i].parent = &currentNode; } else { currentNode.connections[i].gScore = currentNode.gScore + connectionCost; currentNode.connections[i].hScore = abs( currentNode.connections[i].xIndex - end.xIndex ) + abs( currentNode.connections[i].yIndex - end.yIndex ); currentNode.connections[i].fScore = currentNode.connections[i].gScore + currentNode.connections[i].hScore; currentNode.connections[i].parent = &currentNode; AddToList( openList, *currentNode.connections[i] ); } } } } } writeln( "Current Node Position: ", currentNode.position ); writeln( "End Node Position: ", end.position ); if( currentNode.position == end.position ) { writeln( "Current Node Parent: ", currentNode.parent ); //GeneratePath(); //ReversePath(); } } Node[] GetPath() { return Path; } } This is my first attempt at A* so any help would be greatly appreciated.

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• Good practices when optimizing HTML5/Javascript Game Developement [closed]

  - by hustlerinc

  I'm just starting out as a game developer and have created a few crappy but playable clones of classic games like pong, and bomberman. Being self taught (bless the internet) I do this by just stuffing in code to make the games work. Now I feel the time has come to create something complete, for this I need to know how a game is structured. I've searched on the web but there isn't that much to be found. The only "high-level" language I know is javascript so reading a tutorial or article based on C++ doesn't help me that much. I'm looking for good resource's pedagogically covering the theory and possibly examples (in Javascript or pseudo code that is understandable for a beginner) of how the game pieces fit together. From the start screen to asset loading and running the game loop. I'm not looking for anything complicated like reading through a 4000 line source code. All I want to learn is where, how and when the main parts of every game should be called. If you know any good resources to share, or maybe even have an answer for me I would deeply appreciate it.

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• Trying to make a game with C++, using lists to store bullets and enemies, but they are not erased

  - by XD_dued

  I've been trying to make a pretty simple space shooter game with C++, and I have been having a lot of trouble trying to use lists to store enemies and bullets. Basically I followed the post here almost exactly to store my bullets: SDL Bullet Movement I've done something similar to store my enemies. However, when I call bullets.erase(it++), for some reason the bullet is not erased. When the bullet movement is run for the next frame, it tries to re delete the bullet and segfaults the program. When I comment out the erase line, it runs fine, but the bullets are then never erased from the list... Is there any reason why the elements of the list aren't being deleted? I also set it up to print the number of elements in the list for every iteration, and it does not go down after deleting. Thanks! EDIT: Here's the specific code I'm using to store my enemies and having them act: std::list<Grunt*> doGrunts(std::list<Grunt*> grunts) { for(std::list<Grunt*>::iterator it = grunts.begin(); it != grunts.end();) { if((*it)->getHull() == 0) { delete * it; grunts.erase(it++); } else { (**it).doUnit(grunts, it); ++it; } } } Grunt is my enemy class, and the list grunts is a global variable. Is that my problem? When I pass the global into the function it becomes local? I assumed lists would be a reference type so thought this wouldn't be a problem. Sorry if this was a dumb question, I'm very new to C++, this is the first major thing I'm working on.

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• Why are my scene's depth values not being written to my DepthStencilView?

  - by dotminic

  I'm rendering to a depth map in order to use it as a shader resource view, but when I sample the depth map in my shader, the red component has a value of 1 while all other channels have a value of 0. The Texture2D I use to create the DepthStencilView is bound with the D3D11_BIND_DEPTH_STENCIL | D3D11_BIND_SHADER_RESOURCE flags, the DepthStencilView has the DXGI_FORMAT_D32_FLOAT format, and the ShaderResourceView's format is D3D11_SRV_DIMENSION_TEXTURE2D. I'm setting the depth map render target, then i'm drawing my scene, and once that is done, I'm the back buffer render target and depth stencil are set on the output merger, and I'm using the depth map shader resource view as a texture in my shader, but the depth value in the red channel is constantly 1. I'm not getting any runtime errors from D3D, and no compile time warning or anything. I'm not sure what I'm missing here at all. I have the impression the depth value is always being set to 1. I have not set any depth/stencil states, and AFAICT depth writing is enabled by default. The geometry is being rendered correctly so I'm pretty sure depth writing is enabled. The device is created with the appropriate debug flags; #if defined(DEBUG) || defined(_DEBUG) deviceFlags |= D3D11_CREATE_DEVICE_DEBUG | D3D11_RLDO_DETAIL; #endif This is how I create my depth map. I've omitted error checking for the sake of brevity D3D11_TEXTURE2D_DESC td; td.Width = width; td.Height = height; td.MipLevels = 1; td.ArraySize = 1; td.Format = DXGI_FORMAT_R32_TYPELESS; td.SampleDesc.Count = 1; td.SampleDesc.Quality = 0; td.Usage = D3D11_USAGE_DEFAULT; td.BindFlags = D3D11_BIND_DEPTH_STENCIL | D3D11_BIND_SHADER_RESOURCE; td.CPUAccessFlags = 0; td.MiscFlags = 0; _device->CreateTexture2D(&texDesc, 0, &this->_depthMap); D3D11_DEPTH_STENCIL_VIEW_DESC dsvd; ZeroMemory(&dsvd, sizeof(dsvd)); dsvd.Format = DXGI_FORMAT_D32_FLOAT; dsvd.ViewDimension = D3D11_DSV_DIMENSION_TEXTURE2D; dsvd.Texture2D.MipSlice = 0; _device->CreateDepthStencilView(this->_depthMap, &dsvd, &this->_dmapDSV); D3D11_SHADER_RESOURCE_VIEW_DESC srvd; srvd.Format = DXGI_FORMAT_R32_FLOAT; srvd.ViewDimension = D3D11_SRV_DIMENSION_TEXTURE2D; srvd.Texture2D.MipLevels = texDesc.MipLevels; srvd.Texture2D.MostDetailedMip = 0; _device->CreateShaderResourceView(this->_depthMap, &srvd, &this->_dmapSRV);

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• SDL: Clipping a Sprite Sheet from Left to Right

  - by 0X1A

  I'm trying to get a sprite sheet clipped in the right order but I'm a bit stumped, every iteration I've tried has tended to be in the wrong order. This is my current implementation. Frames = (TempSurface-h / ClipHeight) * (TempSurface-w / ClipWidth); SDL_Rect Clips[Frames]; for (i = 0; i < Frames; i++) { if (i != 0 && i % (TempSurface-h / ClipHeight) == 0) ColumnIndex++; Clips[i].x = ColumnIndex * ClipWidth; Clips[i].y = i % (TempSurface-h / ClipHeight) * ClipHeight; Clips[i].w = ClipWidth; Clips[i].h = ClipHeight; Where TempSurface is the entire sheet loaded to a SDL_Surface and Clips[] is an array of SDL_Rects. What results from this is a sprite sheet set to SDL_Rects in the wrong order. For example a sheet of dimensions 4x4 would load desirably as this: | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | | 8 | 9 | 10| 11| | 12| 13| 14| 15| But would be set as this order: | 0 | 4 | 8 | 12| | 1 | 5 | 9 | 13| | 2 | 6 | 10| 14| | 3 | 7 | 11| 15| What should I be doing for these to be set correctly?

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• How to prevent one account from unlocking products on other devices using Apple StoreKit?

  - by reapz

  We are currently wrapping up a free-to-play game on iOS in which you can purchase non-consumable products. We have been discussing this case internally and are not quite sure what the best practices are as this is our first title. For example, if a user downloads our app, and makes some purchases. These can be restored should the app ever be deleted and reinstalled as long as the user uses the same Apple ID. What is to stop him from making a fake Apple account, purchasing items and then posting this account on the web allowing everyone to get the items for free? That is obviously a worst case situation. But a smaller case would be a user unlocking items for his friends. We do not want this to be an always online game but have considered doing a check on startup if there is internet available. If the currently logged in account doesn't own the products do we lock them again? Probably not because people may simply sign into the device with different Game Center logins at which point we don't want to constantly lock and unlock items. At some point we will be adding multiplayer at which point we can definately do a check with the currently logged in account. This is because A, they will be online when attempting multiplayer, and B, they will want to use their own account for multiplayer. Unfortunately we aren't quite ready for this yet. Has anyone tackled this issue. Are we overthinking here?

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• How do I create a game that runs on Windows, iOS and Android?

  - by AspaApps

  I use C++ to create windows games and now I want to step into another other OS like Android or iOS. I'm totally familiar with C++ so I tried to create app for iOS using objective C it was working awesome. However, I also want to publish games for Android but not by using Java. I don't want to create a single game 5-6 times for other platforms. Is their any way that if I create game for Windows then it will work in Android and iOS ? Or should I use Action Script 3.0? If I use action script 3.0, will it require Flash player to run the game in Windows, Android, iOS?

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• How can I get my first-person character in Unity to move to a ledge with an animation?

  - by BallzOfSteel

  I'm trying to get this to happen: The character walks up to a large crate, the player presses a button, and an animation starts playing where the character climbs up on to the crate. (all in first person view). So far I tried this with normal "First Person Controller" Prefab in Unity. My code so far: function OnTriggerStay(other : Collider){ if(other.tag == "GrabZone"){ if(Input.GetKeyDown("e")){ animation.Play("JumpToLedge"); } } } However when i use this on The FPC it will always play from the position the animation is created on. I also tried to create an empty game object, placing the FPC in there. Gives same effect. I also tried just animating the graphics of the FPC alone. This seems to work but since the Character Controller itself is not animated that stays onthe ground. So the whole FPC wont work anymore. Is there anyway i could let this animation play on the local position the player is on at that time? Or can you think of any other logical solution for a grab and climb?

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• The true cost to get my XNA game on XBox?

  - by Fëanor

  There seem to be many hurdles to get ones game onto Xbox, so far I have uncovered: You need Visual Studio (once your game becomes commercial you cannot use Express - but have to pay for professional). $1000+ You then buy a XBox to find you also need a harddrive - so buy a Xbox harddrive too. $400 You need to buy XBox Gold LIVE subscription. $70 You need to buy AppHub Creators Club subscription $100 Then after all that I cannot even find the place on my XBox to download Indie games?!!! Seriously WTF - after doing all this I could have come proficient in WebGL and done it all for free... Before I go all the way down this path (hole) are there any other hidden hurdels before I can publish my game? UPDATE: "Indie Games are not available in Australia, due to the requirement for all games to be rated by the Australian Classification Board, and the prohibitive expenses involved."....... im going to have to break something....

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• My Sprite comes out the screen

  - by IlNero

  If i an action moves the sprite,how can i keep the CCSprite on the screen???? this is my code: [enemy runAction:[CCSequence actions:[CCMoveBy actionWithDuration:2.0 position:ccp(-winSize.width*0.4, 0)], [CCMoveBy actionWithDuration:randomValueBetween(1.0, 0.3) position:ccp(randomValueBetween(winSize.width*0.2, -winSize.width*0.2), randomValueBetween(winSize.height*0.2, -winSize.height*0.2))], [CCDelayTime actionWithDuration:0.5], [CCMoveBy actionWithDuration:randomValueBetween(1.0, 0.3) position:ccp(randomValueBetween(winSize.width*0.2, -winSize.width*0.2), randomValueBetween(winSize.height*0.2, -winSize.height*0.2))], [CCDelayTime actionWithDuration:0.5], [CCMoveBy actionWithDuration:randomValueBetween(1.0, 0.3) position:ccp(randomValueBetween(winSize.width*0.2, -winSize.width*0.2), randomValueBetween(winSize.height*0.2, -winSize.height*0.2))], [CCDelayTime actionWithDuration:0.5], [CCMoveBy actionWithDuration:randomValueBetween(1.0, 0.3) position:ccp(randomValueBetween(winSize.width*0.2, -winSize.width*0.2), randomValueBetween(winSize.height*0.2, -winSize.height*0.2))], [CCDelayTime actionWithDuration:0.5], [CCMoveBy actionWithDuration:randomValueBetween(1.0, 0.3) position:ccp(randomValueBetween(winSize.width*0.2, -winSize.width*0.2), randomValueBetween(winSize.height*0.2, -winSize.height*0.2))], [CCDelayTime actionWithDuration:0.5], [CCMoveBy actionWithDuration:randomValueBetween(1.0, 0.3) position:ccp(randomValueBetween(-winSize.width*0.3,winSize.width*0.3), randomValueBetween(winSize.height*0.3, -winSize.height*0.3))], [CCDelayTime actionWithDuration:0.5], [CCMoveBy actionWithDuration:randomValueBetween(1.0, 0.3) position:ccp(randomValueBetween(-winSize.width*0.2,winSize.width*0.2), randomValueBetween(winSize.height*0.2, -winSize.height*0.2))], [CCDelayTime actionWithDuration:0.5], [CCMoveBy actionWithDuration:randomValueBetween(1.0, 0.3) position:ccp(randomValueBetween(-winSize.width*0.3,winSize.width*0.3), randomValueBetween(winSize.height*0.3, -winSize.height*0.3))], [CCDelayTime actionWithDuration:0.5], [CCMoveBy actionWithDuration:randomValueBetween(1.0, 0.3) position:ccp(randomValueBetween(-winSize.width*0.2,winSize.width*0.2), randomValueBetween(winSize.height*0.2, -winSize.height*0.2))], [CCDelayTime actionWithDuration:0.5], [CCMoveBy actionWithDuration:randomValueBetween(1.0, 0.3) position:ccp(randomValueBetween(-winSize.width*0.3,winSize.width*0.3), randomValueBetween(winSize.height*0.3, -winSize.height*0.3))], [CCDelayTime actionWithDuration:0.5], [CCMoveBy actionWithDuration:randomValueBetween(1.0, 0.3) position:ccp(randomValueBetween(-winSize.width*0.2,winSize.width*0.2), randomValueBetween(winSize.height*0.2, -winSize.height*0.2))], [CCDelayTime actionWithDuration:0.5], [CCMoveBy actionWithDuration:2.0 position:ccp(-winSize.width*1.5, 0)], [CCCallFuncN actionWithTarget:self selector:@selector(invisNode:)], nil]]; but whit this code the sprite sometimes comes out the screen, i need the sprite moves randomly in the screen without comes out..

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• How'd they do it: Millions of tiles in Terraria

  - by William 'MindWorX' Mariager

  I've been working up a game engine similar to Terraria, mostly as a challenge, and while I've figured out most of it, I can't really seem to wrap my head around how they handle the millions of interactable/harvestable tiles the game has at one time. Creating around 500.000 tiles, that is 1/20th of what's possible in Terraria, in my engine causes the frame-rate to drop from 60 to around 20, even tho I'm still only rendering the tiles in view. Mind you, I'm not doing anything with the tiles, only keeping them in memory. Update: Code added to show how I do things. This is part of a class, which handles the tiles and draws them. I'm guessing the culprit is the "foreach" part, which iterates everything, even empty indexes. ... public void Draw(SpriteBatch spriteBatch, GameTime gameTime) { foreach (Tile tile in this.Tiles) { if (tile != null) { if (tile.Position.X < -this.Offset.X + 32) continue; if (tile.Position.X > -this.Offset.X + 1024 - 48) continue; if (tile.Position.Y < -this.Offset.Y + 32) continue; if (tile.Position.Y > -this.Offset.Y + 768 - 48) continue; tile.Draw(spriteBatch, gameTime); } } } ... Also here is the Tile.Draw method, which could also do with an update, as each Tile uses four calls to the SpriteBatch.Draw method. This is part of my autotiling system, which means drawing each corner depending on neighboring tiles. texture_* are Rectangles, are set once at level creation, not each update. ... public virtual void Draw(SpriteBatch spriteBatch, GameTime gameTime) { if (this.type == TileType.TileSet) { spriteBatch.Draw(this.texture, this.realm.Offset + this.Position, texture_tl, this.BlendColor); spriteBatch.Draw(this.texture, this.realm.Offset + this.Position + new Vector2(8, 0), texture_tr, this.BlendColor); spriteBatch.Draw(this.texture, this.realm.Offset + this.Position + new Vector2(0, 8), texture_bl, this.BlendColor); spriteBatch.Draw(this.texture, this.realm.Offset + this.Position + new Vector2(8, 8), texture_br, this.BlendColor); } } ... Any critique or suggestions to my code is welcome. Update: Solution added. Here's the final Level.Draw method. The Level.TileAt method simply checks the inputted values, to avoid OutOfRange exceptions. ... public void Draw(SpriteBatch spriteBatch, GameTime gameTime) { Int32 startx = (Int32)Math.Floor((-this.Offset.X - 32) / 16); Int32 endx = (Int32)Math.Ceiling((-this.Offset.X + 1024 + 32) / 16); Int32 starty = (Int32)Math.Floor((-this.Offset.Y - 32) / 16); Int32 endy = (Int32)Math.Ceiling((-this.Offset.Y + 768 + 32) / 16); for (Int32 x = startx; x < endx; x += 1) { for (Int32 y = starty; y < endy; y += 1) { Tile tile = this.TileAt(x, y); if (tile != null) tile.Draw(spriteBatch, gameTime); } } } ...

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• Polygon count budget

  - by Lautaro

  Is there any smart way to think about polygon budget relating to PC gaming today? My game will have one static 3d background scene and two fighters. No more enemies. I am thinking about having animated 3d models in the background for atmosphere, like spectators. So how could i find out what the polygon count for the player models and background scenarios could be. I guess the question is, what is a for today typical polygon count that most PCs can handle?

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• How to place rooms proceduraly (rule based) on in a game word

  - by gardian06

  I am trying to design the algorithm for my level generation which is a rule driven system. I have created all the rules for the system. I have taken care to insure that all rooms make sense in a grid type setup. for example: these rooms could make this configuration The logic flow code that I have so far Door{ Vector3 position; POD orient; // 5 possible values (up is not an option) bool Open; } Room{ String roomRule; Vector3 roomPos; Vector3 dimensions; POD roomOrient; // 4 possible values List doors<Door>; } LevelManager{ float scale = 18f; List usedRooms<Room>; List openDoors<Door> bool Grid[][][]; Room CreateRoom(String rule, Vector3 position, POD Orient){ place recieved values based on rule fill in other data } Vector3 getDimenstions(String rule){ return dimensions of the room } RotateRoom(POD rotateAmount){ rotate all items in the room } MoveRoom(Room toBeMoved, POD orientataion, float distance){ move the position of the room based on inputs } GenerateMap(Vector3 size, Vector3 start, Vector3 end){ Grid = array[size.y][size.x][size.z]; Room floatingRoom; floatingRoom = Room.CreateRoom(S01, start, rand(4)); usedRooms.Add(floatingRoom); for each Door in floatingRoom.doors{ openDoors.Add(door); } // fill used grid spaces floatingRoom = Room.CreateRoom(S02, end, rand(4); usedRooms.Add(floatingRoom); for each Door in floatingRoom.doors{ openDoors.Add(door); } Vector3 nRoomLocation; Door workingDoor; string workingRoom; // fill used grid spaces // pick random door on the openDoors list workingDoor = /*randomDoor*/ // get a random rule nRoomLocation = workingDoor.position; // then I'm lost } } I know that I have to make sure for convergence (namely the end is reachable), and to do this until there are no more doors on the openDoors list. right now I am simply trying to get this to work in 2D (there are rules that introduce 3D), but I am working on a presumption that a rigorous algorithm can be trivially extended to 3D. EDIT: my thought pattern so far is to take an existing open door and then pick a random room (restrictions can be put in later) place that room's center at the doors location move the room in the direction of the doors orientation half the rooms dimension w/respect to that axis then test against the 3D array to see if all the grid points are open, or have been used, or if there is even space to put the room (caseEdge) if caseEdge (which can also occur in between rooms) then put the door on a toBeClosed list, and remove it from the open list (placing a wall or something there). then to do some kind of test that both the start, and the goal are connected, and reachable from each other (each room has nodes for AI, but I don't want to "have" to pull those out to accomplish this). but this logic has the problem for say the U, or L shaped rooms in my example, and then I also have a problem conceptually if the room needs to be rotated.

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• What file formats and conventions should I support to make my game engine artist-friendly?

  - by Avi

  I'm writing a game engine, and I want to know what I should do to make it more artist-friendly. I don't want to be too limiting in terms of what file formats I support, etc. Some specific questions: Are there specific formats artists like to model in? Does it not matter because the 3D modeler abstracts the data storage away? Is it okay if I don't support per-vertex coloration in my game engine? If I have to store a diffuse, specular, ambient, and emissive color value for each vertex, it doubles the size of vertices in the buffer. Is it reasonable to ask artists to do all these things in textures / maps? Any other tips you have about making it so that artists have to adapt their style to my specific engine as little as possible would be nice.

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• How to Create a Grid for a 2D Game?

  - by SoulBeaver

  So I'm currently writing the engine for my videogame. I've almost integrated Tiled (I think) so I should have a map-creator here soon. My question is, how do I actually make the grid? I'm really confused here. If I create a large map with, say, 20x20 grids the size of 32x32 (screen size 640x640), then what do I do with it? Let's say I have the code for creating a window, and then place a player sprite that I can move with input, that's fine. If I use one map that's as big as the screen, then every pixel on the map is also a pixel on the game screen. The mapping is exact. Now what happens if I have a 2000x2000 map, for example? My character would have to keep moving and move the map around (or rather the camera focused on the player moves). Then I can no longer say that the screen maps exactly to the pixel position of the map. I tried making a Grid class that maps out the screen area to 32x32 tiles, but I'm not sure if that makes any sense. Once the map moves each tile would have to update its information, or something. I'm just really confused here. How do I actually make the tiles and a grid and map them to the data I get from tiled, or that I make myself? Are there any good examples of source code that I could look at?

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• 3d js map rendering

  - by gotha

  In the past I've done a 2D tile map using HTML, CSS and Javascript. Now I have the task of creating a 3D version using the same technologies - think of it like a space map where all planets have x/y/z positions. Currently, I have no idea to do this. Is there an existing library or something I can modify to do my job? If not, what method of rendering the map should I use? It needs to be as browser independent as possible, so I can't use webgl, flash or canvas. I'm considering plain JS & HTML or SVG (using Raphael for compatibility).

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• OpenGL Fast-Object Instancing Error

  - by HJ Media Studios

  I have some code that loops through a set of objects and renders instances of those objects. The list of objects that needs to be rendered is stored as a std::map, where an object of class MeshResource contains the vertices and indices with the actual data, and an object of classMeshRenderer defines the point in space the mesh is to be rendered at. My rendering code is as follows: glDisable(GL_BLEND); glEnable(GL_CULL_FACE); glDepthMask(GL_TRUE); glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT); glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST); for (std::map<MeshResource*, std::vector<MeshRenderer*> >::iterator it = renderables.begin(); it != renderables.end(); it++) { it->first->setupBeforeRendering(); cout << "<"; for (unsigned long i =0; i < it->second.size(); i++) { //Pass in an identity matrix to the vertex shader- used here only for debugging purposes; the real code correctly inputs any matrix. uniformizeModelMatrix(Matrix4::IDENTITY); /** * StartHere fix rendering problem. * Ruled out: * Vertex buffers correctly. * Index buffers correctly. * Matrices correct? */ it->first->render(); } it->first->cleanupAfterRendering(); } geometryPassShader->disable(); glDepthMask(GL_FALSE); glDisable(GL_CULL_FACE); glDisable(GL_DEPTH_TEST); The function in MeshResource that handles setting up the uniforms is as follows: void MeshResource::setupBeforeRendering() { glEnableVertexAttribArray(0); glEnableVertexAttribArray(1); glEnableVertexAttribArray(2); glEnableVertexAttribArray(3); glEnableVertexAttribArray(4); glBindBuffer(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, iboID); glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vboID); glVertexAttribPointer(0, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, sizeof(Vertex), 0); // Vertex position glVertexAttribPointer(1, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, sizeof(Vertex), (const GLvoid*) 12); // Vertex normal glVertexAttribPointer(2, 2, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, sizeof(Vertex), (const GLvoid*) 24); // UV layer 0 glVertexAttribPointer(3, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, sizeof(Vertex), (const GLvoid*) 32); // Vertex color glVertexAttribPointer(4, 1, GL_UNSIGNED_SHORT, GL_FALSE, sizeof(Vertex), (const GLvoid*) 44); //Material index } The code that renders the object is this: void MeshResource::render() { glDrawElements(GL_TRIANGLES, geometry->numIndices, GL_UNSIGNED_SHORT, 0); } And the code that cleans up is this: void MeshResource::cleanupAfterRendering() { glDisableVertexAttribArray(0); glDisableVertexAttribArray(1); glDisableVertexAttribArray(2); glDisableVertexAttribArray(3); glDisableVertexAttribArray(4); } The end result of this is that I get a black screen, although the end of my rendering pipeline after the rendering code (essentially just drawing axes and lines on the screen) works properly, so I'm fairly sure it's not an issue with the passing of uniforms. If, however, I change the code slightly so that the rendering code calls the setup immediately before rendering, like so: void MeshResource::render() { setupBeforeRendering(); glDrawElements(GL_TRIANGLES, geometry->numIndices, GL_UNSIGNED_SHORT, 0); } The program works as desired. I don't want to have to do this, though, as my aim is to set up vertex, material, etc. data once per object type and then render each instance updating only the transformation information. The uniformizeModelMatrix works as follows: void RenderManager::uniformizeModelMatrix(Matrix4 matrix) { glBindBuffer(GL_UNIFORM_BUFFER, globalMatrixUBOID); glBufferSubData(GL_UNIFORM_BUFFER, 0, sizeof(Matrix4), matrix.ptr()); glBindBuffer(GL_UNIFORM_BUFFER, 0); }

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• Isometric tile range aquisition

  - by Steve

  I'm putting together an isometric engine and need to cull the tiles that aren't in the camera's current view. My tile coordinates go from left to right on the X and top to bottom on the Y with (0,0) being the top left corner. If I have access to say the top left, top right, bot left and bot right corner coordinates, is there a formula or something I could use to determine which tiles fall in range? I've linked a picture of the layout of the tiles for reference. If there isn't one, or there's a better way to determine which tiles are on screen and which to cull, I'm all ears and am grateful for any ideas. I've got a few other methods I may be able to try such as checking the position of the tile against a rectangle. I pretty much just need something quick. Thanks for giving this a read =)

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• Recreating Doodle Jump in Canvas - Platforms spawning out of reach

  - by kushsolitary

  I have started to recreate Doodle Jump in HTML using Canvas. Here's my current progress. As you can see, if you play it for a few seconds, some platforms will be out of the player's reach. I don't know why is this happening. Here's the code which is responsible for the re-spawning of platforms. //Movement of player affected by gravity if(player.y > (height / 2) - (player.height / 2)) { player.y += player.vy; player.vy += gravity; } else { for(var i = 0; i < platforms.length; i++) { var p = platforms[i]; if(player.vy < 0) { p.y -= player.vy; player.vy += 0.08; } if(p.y > height) { position = 0; var h = p.y; platforms[i] = new Platform(); } if(player.vy >= 0) { player.y += player.vy; player.vy += gravity; } } } Also, here's the platform class. //Platform class function Platform(y) { this.image = new Image(); this.image.src = platformImg; this.width = 105; this.height = 25; this.x = Math.random() * (width - this.width); this.y = y || position; position += height / platformCount; //Function to draw it this.draw = function() { try { ctx.drawImage(this.image, this.x, this.y, this.width, this.height); } catch(e) {} }; } You can also see the whole code on the link I provided. Also, when a platform goes out of the view port, the jump animation becomes quirky. I am still trying to find out what's causing this but can't find any solution.

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• Cocos2d Box2d contact listener call different method in collided object

  - by roma86

  I have the building object, wen it hit with other, i want to call some method inside it. Building.mm -(void)printTest { NSLog(@"printTest method work correctly"); } in my ContactListener i trying to call it so: ContactListener.mm #import "ContactListener.h" #import "Building.h" void ContactListener::BeginContact(b2Contact* contact) { b2Body* bodyA = contact->GetFixtureA()->GetBody(); b2Body* bodyB = contact->GetFixtureB()->GetBody(); Building *buildA = (Building *)bodyA->GetUserData(); Building *buildB = (Building *)bodyB->GetUserData(); if (buildB.tag == 1) { NSLog(@"tag == 1"); } if (buildA.tag == 2) { NSLog(@"tag == 2"); [buildA printTest]; } } NSLog(@"tag == 2"); work correctly, but [buildA printTest]; get error Terminating app due to uncaught exception 'NSInvalidArgumentException', reason: '-[CCSprite printTest]: unrecognized selector sent to instance 0x18595f0' Obviously I'm referring to the wrong object. How i can get different method and property in contacted objects from contactlistener class? Thanks.

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• I don't understand why one of my vbo is overwritten by another

  - by Alays

  to create a vbo I use this function: public void loadVBO(){ vboID = GL15.glGenBuffers(); GL15.glBindBuffer(GL15.GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vboID); GL15.glBufferData(GL15.GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, buf, GL15.GL_STATIC_DRAW); // Put the position coordinates in attribute list 0 GL20.glVertexAttribPointer(0, 4, GL11.GL_FLOAT, false,4*4+4*4+4*4+2*4 , 0); // Put the color components in attribute list 1 GL20.glVertexAttribPointer(1, 4, GL11.GL_FLOAT, false,4*4+4*4+4*4+2*4 , 4*4); GL20.glVertexAttribPointer(2, 4, GL11.GL_FLOAT, false,4*4+4*4+4*4+2*4 , 4*4+4*4); // Put the texture coordinates in attribute list 2 GL20.glVertexAttribPointer(3, 4, GL11.GL_FLOAT, false,4*4+4*4+4*4+2*4 , 4*4+4*4+4*4); GL15.glBindBuffer(GL15.GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0); } to display a vbo I use this function: public void displayVBO(){ GL15.glBindBuffer(GL15.GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, vboID); GL20.glEnableVertexAttribArray(0); GL20.glEnableVertexAttribArray(1); GL20.glEnableVertexAttribArray(2); GL20.glEnableVertexAttribArray(3); GL11.glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, buf.capacity()); GL20.glDisableVertexAttribArray(0); GL20.glDisableVertexAttribArray(1); GL20.glDisableVertexAttribArray(2); GL20.glDisableVertexAttribArray(3); GL15.glBindBuffer(GL15.GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0); } So when I call map.loadVBO() and then ocean.loadVBO(), I think the second call overwrite the first vbo I don't know how ... When I call map.display() and ocean.display(), I have the ocean draw 2 times .... Thanks.

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• Load previous (last) scene used in unity3d

  - by user3666251

  Im making a 2D game for android and I made over 200 levels/scenes.I also made a game over scene that opens when the players collides with an obscale.In the GameOver scene I added a retry button which I wanna make it so it opens the last level played.Im new in Unity and scripting.I've read other similar questions but none of them fixed my issue.Anyone has any idea that could help ? Im doing this because I don't wanna create over 200 game over scenes and edit each obscale in game. Thank you. Edit : Im using javascript.

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• Box2D random crash when adding joints

  - by user46624

  I'm currently working on a project which uses Box2D, when the player uses a certain key it should anchor to the ground. For that I use a weld joint, but when I add the joint the game will sometimes crash, it has a 1/10 change to crash. The error I recieve: Showing the controller Exception in thread "main" java.lang.ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException: 11 at org.jbox2d.dynamics.Island.add(Island.java:577) at org.jbox2d.dynamics.World.solve(World.java:1073) at org.jbox2d.dynamics.World.step(World.java:598) The code for adding the joints: WeldJointDef def = new WeldJointDef(); def.initialize(body, anchoredObject.body, body.getWorldCenter()); weldJoint = (WeldJoint) world.createJoint(def); I still get the error if I synchronize it

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• Complete Beginner to Game Programming and Unreal Engine 4, Looking For Advice [on hold]

  - by onemic

  I am currently a 2nd year programming student(Just finished my first year so I will be starting my second year in September) and have mainly learned C and C++ in my classes. In terms of what I know of C++, I know about general inheritance, polymorphism, overloading operators, iterators, a little bit about templates(only class and function templates) etc. but not of the more advanced topics like linked lists and other sequential containers(containers in general I guess), enumerations, most of the standard library(other than like strings and vectors), and probably a bunch of other stuff I dont even know about yet. I subscribed to Unreal Engine 4 as I was very intrigued by their Unreal Tournament announcement earlier this month, especially after hearing that UE4 is going completely C++. Of course my end goal in doing this programming program is to eventually go into game/graphics programming. Since it's my summer off, I thought what better way then to actually apply some of my skills to a personal project so I actually have a firmer understanding of C++ past what my professors tell me. My questions are this: What would be the best way to start off making a small personal game in UE4 as a project for the summer? What should I be aiming for, especially for someone that is still learning C++? Should I focus on making a simple 2D game rather than a 3D one to get started? Seeing the Flappy Chicken showcase intrigued me because before I thought the UE engine was pretty much pigeonholed into being for FPS games What should my expectations be going into UE4 and a game engine for the first time?(UE4 will be my first foray into making a game) What can I expect to gain from making things in UE4, in terms of making games and in terms of further fleshing out my knowledge of C++? Would you recommend I start off 100% using C++ for scripting or using the visual blueprints? Since I'm not a designer, how would I be able to add objects and designs to my game? For someone at my level is retaining the UE4 subscription worth it or is it better to cancel and resub when I learn enough about UE4 and C++? Lastly is there anything to be gained in terms of knowledge/insight through me looking at the source code for UE4? I opened it in VS2013, but noticed that most of the files were C# files and not cpp's. Thanks in advance for taking the time to answer.

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