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• Consistency of DirectX models

  - by marc wellman

  Is there a way to check the consistency of a DirectX model (.x) ? Whilst compiling .x files with XNA GameStudio 3.1 compilation is aborted with the following error message: Error 2 Could not read the X file. The file is corrupt or invalid. Error code: D3DXFERR_PARSEERROR. C:\WFP\Browser\Content\m.x KiviBrowser Some models compile correctly without any error/warning and some abort as described. The files of each model have several thousand lines. I am creating the files in Googles SketchUp 8 where they all look fine and don't show any sign of corruption. Suppose I have such a model my XNA compiler won't compile because their is an inconsistency somewhere in the file - how could I identify this in order to correct it ?

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• My frustum culling is culling from the wrong point [SOLVED]

  - by Xbetas

  I'm having problems with my frustum being in the wrong origin. It follows the rotation of my camera but not the position. In my camera class I'm generating a view-matrix: void Camera::Update() { UpdateViewMatrix(); glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW); //glLoadIdentity(); glLoadMatrixf(GetViewMatrix().m); } Then extracting the planes using the projection matrix and modelview matrix: void UpdateFrustum() { Matrix4x4 projection, model, clip; glGetFloatv(GL_PROJECTION_MATRIX, projection.m); glGetFloatv(GL_MODELVIEW_MATRIX, model.m); clip = model * projection; m_Planes[RIGHT][0] = clip.m[ 3] - clip.m[ 0]; m_Planes[RIGHT][1] = clip.m[ 7] - clip.m[ 4]; m_Planes[RIGHT][2] = clip.m[11] - clip.m[ 8]; m_Planes[RIGHT][3] = clip.m[15] - clip.m[12]; NormalizePlane(RIGHT); m_Planes[LEFT][0] = clip.m[ 3] + clip.m[ 0]; m_Planes[LEFT][1] = clip.m[ 7] + clip.m[ 4]; m_Planes[LEFT][2] = clip.m[11] + clip.m[ 8]; m_Planes[LEFT][3] = clip.m[15] + clip.m[12]; NormalizePlane(LEFT); m_Planes[BOTTOM][0] = clip.m[ 3] + clip.m[ 1]; m_Planes[BOTTOM][1] = clip.m[ 7] + clip.m[ 5]; m_Planes[BOTTOM][2] = clip.m[11] + clip.m[ 9]; m_Planes[BOTTOM][3] = clip.m[15] + clip.m[13]; NormalizePlane(BOTTOM); m_Planes[TOP][0] = clip.m[ 3] - clip.m[ 1]; m_Planes[TOP][1] = clip.m[ 7] - clip.m[ 5]; m_Planes[TOP][2] = clip.m[11] - clip.m[ 9]; m_Planes[TOP][3] = clip.m[15] - clip.m[13]; NormalizePlane(TOP); m_Planes[NEAR][0] = clip.m[ 3] + clip.m[ 2]; m_Planes[NEAR][1] = clip.m[ 7] + clip.m[ 6]; m_Planes[NEAR][2] = clip.m[11] + clip.m[10]; m_Planes[NEAR][3] = clip.m[15] + clip.m[14]; NormalizePlane(NEAR); m_Planes[FAR][0] = clip.m[ 3] - clip.m[ 2]; m_Planes[FAR][1] = clip.m[ 7] - clip.m[ 6]; m_Planes[FAR][2] = clip.m[11] - clip.m[10]; m_Planes[FAR][3] = clip.m[15] - clip.m[14]; NormalizePlane(FAR); } void NormalizePlane(int side) { float length = 1.0/(float)sqrt(m_Planes[side][0] * m_Planes[side][0] + m_Planes[side][1] * m_Planes[side][1] + m_Planes[side][2] * m_Planes[side][2]); m_Planes[side][0] *= length; m_Planes[side][1] *= length; m_Planes[side][2] *= length; m_Planes[side][3] *= length; } And check against it with: bool PointInFrustum(float x, float y, float z) { for(int i = 0; i < 6; i++) { if( m_Planes[i][0] * x + m_Planes[i][1] * y + m_Planes[i][2] * z + m_Planes[i][3] <= 0 ) return false; } return true; } Then i render using: camera->Update(); UpdateFrustum(); int numCulled = 0; for(int i = 0; i < (int)meshes.size(); i++) { if(!PointInFrustum(meshCenter.x, meshCenter.y, meshCenter.z)) { meshes[i]->SetDraw(false); numCulled++; } else meshes[i]->SetDraw(true); } Matrices look like (Camera is at (5, 0, 0)): ModelView [0,0,0.99,0] [0,1,0,0] [-0.99,0,0,0] [0,0,-5,1] Projection [0.814,0,0,0] [0,1.303,0,0] [0,0,-1,0] [0,0,-0.02,0] Clip [0,0,-1,-0.999] [0,1.30,0,0] [-0.814,0,0,0] [0,0,4.98,4.99] What am i doing wrong?

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• std::vector::size with glDrawElements crashes?

  - by NoobScratcher

  ( win32 / OpenGL 3.3 / GLSL 330 ) I decided after a long time of trying to do a graphical user interface using just opengl graphics to go back to a gui toolkit and so in the process have had to port alot of my code to win32. But I have a problem with my glDrawElement function. my program compiles and runs fine until it gets to glDrawElements then crashes.. which is rather annoying right. so I was trying to figure out why and I found out its std::vector::size member not returning the correct amount of faces in the unsigned interger vector eg, "vector<unsigned int>faces; " so when I use cout << faces.size() << endl; I got 68 elements???? instead of 24 as you can see here in this .obj file: # Blender v2.61 (sub 0) OBJ File: '' # www.blender.org v 1.000000 -1.000000 -1.000000 v 1.000000 -1.000000 1.000000 v -1.000000 -1.000000 1.000000 v -1.000000 -1.000000 -1.000000 v 1.000000 1.000000 -0.999999 v 0.999999 1.000000 1.000001 v -1.000000 1.000000 1.000000 v -1.000000 1.000000 -1.000000 s off f 1 2 3 4 f 5 8 7 6 f 1 5 6 2 f 2 6 7 3 <--- 24 Faces not 68? f 3 7 8 4 f 5 1 4 8 I'm using a parser I created to get the faces/vertexes in my .obj file: char modelbuffer [20000]; int MAX_BUFF = 20000; unsigned int face[3]; FILE * pfile; pfile = fopen(szFileName, "rw"); while(fgets(modelbuffer, MAX_BUFF, pfile) != NULL) { if('v') { Point p; sscanf(modelbuffer, "v %f %f %f", &p.x, &p.y, &p.z); points.push_back(p); cout << " p.x = " << p.x << " p.y = " << p.y << " p.z = " << p.x << endl; } if('f') { sscanf(modelbuffer, "f %d %d %d %d", &face[0], &face[1], &face[2], &face[3]); cout << "face[0] = " << face[0] << " face[1] = " << face[1] << " face[2] = " << face[2] << " face[3] = " << face[3] << "\n"; faces.push_back(face[0] - 1); faces.push_back(face[1] - 1); faces.push_back(face[2] - 1); faces.push_back(face[3] - 1); cout << face[0] - 1 << face[1] - 1 << face[2] - 1 << face[3] - 1 << endl; } } using this struct to store the x,y,z positions also this vector was used with Point: vector<Point>points; struct Point { float x, y, z; }; If someone could tell me why its not working and how to fix it that would be awesome I also provide a pastebin to the full source code if you want a closer look. http://pastebin.com/gznYLVw7

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• Would like some help in understanding rendering geometry vs textures

  - by Anon

  So I was just pondering whether it is more taxing on the GPU to render geometry or a texture. What I'm trying to see is whether there is a huge difference in rendering two scenes with the same setup: Scene 1: Example Object: A dirt road (nothing else) Geometry: Detailed road, with all the bumps, cracks and so forth done in the mesh Scene 2: Example Object: A dirt road (nothing else) Geometry: A simple mesh, in a form of a road, but in this case maps and textures are simulating cracks, bumps, etc... So of these two, which one is likely to tax the hardware more? Or is it not a like for like comparison? What would be the best way of doing something like this? Go heavy on the textures? Or have a blend of both?

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• Why is chunk size often a power of two?

  - by danijar

  There are many Minecraft clones out there and I am working on my own implementation. A principle of terrain rendering is tiling the whole world in fixed size chunks to reduce the effort of localized changes. In Minecraft the chunk size is 16 x 16 x 256 as far as I now. And in clones I also always saw chunk sizes of a power of the number 2. Is there any reason for that, maybe performance or memory related? I know that powers of 2 play a special role in binary computers but what has that to do with the chunk size?

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• OpenGL 2D Rasterization Sub-Pixel Translations

  - by Armin Ronacher

  I have a tile based 2D engine where the projection matrix is an orthographic view of the world without any scaling applied. Thus: one pixel texture is drawn on the screen in the same size. That all works well and looks nice but if the camera makes a sub-pixel movement small lines appear between the tiles. I can tell you in advance what does not fix the problem: GL_NEAREST texture interpolation GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE What does “fix” the problem is anchoring the camera to the nearest pixel instead of doing a sub-pixel translation. I can live with that, but the camera movement becomes jerky. Any ideas how to fix that problem without resorting to the rounding trick I do currently?

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• Trouble with AABB collision response and physics

  - by WCM

  I have been racking my brain trying to figure out a problem I am having with physics and basic AABB collision response. I am fairly close as the physics are mostly right. Gravity feels good and movement is solid. The issue I am running into is that when I land on the test block in my project, I can jump off of it most of the time. If I repeatedly jump in place, I will eventually get stuck one or two pixels below the surface of the test block. If I try to jump, I can become free of the other block, but it will happen again a few jumps later. I feel like I am missing something really obvious with this. I have two functions that support the detection and function to return a vector for the overlap of the two rectangle bounding boxes. I have a single update method that is processing the physics and collision for the entity. I feel like I am missing something very simple, like an ordering of the physics vs. collision response handling. Any thoughts or help can be appreciated. I apologize for the format of the code, tis prototype code mostly. The collision detection function: public static bool Collides(Rectangle source, Rectangle target) { if (source.Right < target.Left || source.Bottom < target.Top || source.Left > target.Right || source.Top > target.Bottom) { return false; } return true; } The overlap function: public static Vector2 GetMinimumTranslation(Rectangle source, Rectangle target) { Vector2 mtd = new Vector2(); Vector2 amin = source.Min(); Vector2 amax = source.Max(); Vector2 bmin = target.Min(); Vector2 bmax = target.Max(); float left = (bmin.X - amax.X); float right = (bmax.X - amin.X); float top = (bmin.Y - amax.Y); float bottom = (bmax.Y - amin.Y); if (left > 0 || right < 0) return Vector2.Zero; if (top > 0 || bottom < 0) return Vector2.Zero; if (Math.Abs(left) < right) mtd.X = left; else mtd.X = right; if (Math.Abs(top) < bottom) mtd.Y = top; else mtd.Y = bottom; // 0 the axis with the largest mtd value. if (Math.Abs(mtd.X) < Math.Abs(mtd.Y)) mtd.Y = 0; else mtd.X = 0; return mtd; } The update routine (gravity = 0.001f, jumpHeight = 0.35f, moveAmount = 0.15f): public void Update(GameTime gameTime) { Acceleration.Y = gravity; Position += new Vector2((float)(movement * moveAmount * gameTime.ElapsedGameTime.TotalMilliseconds), (float)(Velocity.Y * gameTime.ElapsedGameTime.TotalMilliseconds)); Velocity.Y += Acceleration.Y; Vector2 previousPosition = new Vector2((int)Position.X, (int)Position.Y); KeyboardState keyboard = Keyboard.GetState(); movement = 0; if (keyboard.IsKeyDown(Keys.Left)) { movement -= 1; } if (keyboard.IsKeyDown(Keys.Right)) { movement += 1; } if (Position.Y + 16 > GameClass.Instance.GraphicsDevice.Viewport.Height) { Velocity.Y = 0; Position = new Vector2(Position.X, GameClass.Instance.GraphicsDevice.Viewport.Height - 16); IsOnSurface = true; } if (Collision.Collides(BoundingBox, GameClass.Instance.block.BoundingBox)) { Vector2 mtd = Collision.GetMinimumTranslation(BoundingBox, GameClass.Instance.block.BoundingBox); Position += mtd; Velocity.Y = 0; IsOnSurface = true; } if (keyboard.IsKeyDown(Keys.Space) && !previousKeyboard.IsKeyDown(Keys.Space)) { if (IsOnSurface) { Velocity.Y = -jumpHeight; IsOnSurface = false; } } previousKeyboard = keyboard; } This is also a full download to the project. https://www.box.com/s/3rkdtbso3xgfgc2asawy P.S. I know that I could do this with the XNA Platformer Starter Kit algo, but it has some deep flaws that I am going to try to live without. I'd rather go the route of collision response via an overlay function. Thanks for any and all insight!

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• Path tables or real time searching for AI?

  - by SirYakalot

  What is the more common practice in commercial games; path lookup tables or real time searches? I've read that in many games path lookup tables are pre-calculated and baked into each map, so to speak, then steering behaviour is used to handle dynamic obstacles. or is it better practice to use optimised hierarchical A* searches? I understand the pro's and cons of each, I'm just curious as to what is most often used in the industry.

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• How to derive euler angles from matrix or quaternion?

  - by KlashnikovKid

  Currently working on steering behavior for my AI and just hit a little mathematical bump. I'm in the process of writing an align function, which basically tries to match the agent's orientation with a target orientation. I've got a good source material for implementing this behavior but it uses euler angles to calculate the rotational delta, acceleration, and so on. This is nice, however I store orientation as a quaternion and the math library I'm using doesn't provide any functionality for deriving the euler angles. But if it helps I also have rotational matrices at my disposal too. What would be the best way to decompose the quaternion or rotational matrix to get the euler information? I found one source for decomposing the matrix, but I'm not quite getting the correct results. I'm thinking it may be a difference of column/row ordering of my matrices but then again, math isn't my strong point. http://nghiaho.com/?page_id=846

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• LWJGL - Mixing 2D and 3D

  - by nathan

  I'm trying to mix 2D and 3D using LWJGL. I have wrote 2D little method that allow me to easily switch between 2D and 3D. protected static void make2D() { glEnable(GL_BLEND); GL11.glMatrixMode(GL11.GL_PROJECTION); GL11.glLoadIdentity(); glOrtho(0.0f, SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f); GL11.glMatrixMode(GL11.GL_MODELVIEW); GL11.glLoadIdentity(); } protected static void make3D() { glDisable(GL_BLEND); GL11.glMatrixMode(GL11.GL_PROJECTION); GL11.glLoadIdentity(); // Reset The Projection Matrix GLU.gluPerspective(45.0f, ((float) SCREEN_WIDTH / (float) SCREEN_HEIGHT), 0.1f, 100.0f); // Calculate The Aspect Ratio Of The Window GL11.glMatrixMode(GL11.GL_MODELVIEW); glLoadIdentity(); } The in my rendering code i would do something like: make2D(); //draw 2D stuffs here make3D(); //draw 3D stuffs here What i'm trying to do is to draw a 3D shape (in my case a quad) and i 2D image. I found this example and i took the code from TextureLoader, Texture and Sprite to load and render a 2D image. Here is how i load the image. TextureLoader loader = new TextureLoader(); Sprite s = new Sprite(loader, "player.png") And how i render it: make2D(); s.draw(0, 0); It works great. Here is how i render my quad: glTranslatef(0.0f, 0.0f, 30.0f); glScalef(12.0f, 9.0f, 1.0f); DrawUtils.drawQuad(); Once again, no problem, the quad is properly rendered. DrawUtils is a simple class i wrote containing utility method to draw primitives shapes. Now my problem is when i want to mix both of the above, loading/rendering the 2D image, rendering the quad. When i try to load my 2D image with the following: s = new Sprite(loader, "player.png); My quad is not rendered anymore (i'm not even trying to render the 2D image at this point). Only the fact of creating the texture create the issue. After looking a bit at the code of Sprite and TextureLoader i found that the problem appears after the call of the glTexImage2d. In the TextureLoader class: glTexImage2D(target, 0, dstPixelFormat, get2Fold(bufferedImage.getWidth()), get2Fold(bufferedImage.getHeight()), 0, srcPixelFormat, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, textureBuffer); Commenting this like make the problem disappear. My question is then why? Is there anything special to do after calling this function to do 3D? Does this function alter the render part, the projection matrix?

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• simple collision detection

  - by Rob

  Imagine 2 squares sitting side by side, both level with the ground: http://img19.imageshack.us/img19/8085/sqaures2.jpg A simple way to detect if one is hitting the other is to compare the location of each side. They are touching if ALL of the following are NOT true: The right square's left side is to the right of the left square's right side. The right square's right side is to the left of the left square's left side. The right square's bottom side is above the left square's top side. The right square's top side is below the left square's bottom side. If any of those are true, the squares are not touching. If all of those are false, the squares are touching. But consider a case like this, where one square is at a 45 degree angle: http://img189.imageshack.us/img189/4236/squaresb.jpg Is there an equally simple way to determine if those squares are touching?

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• Getting isometric grid coordinates from standard X,Y coordinates

  - by RoryHarvey

  I'm currently trying to add sprites to an isometric Tiled TMX map using Objects in cocos2d. The problem is the X and Y metadata from TMX object are in standard 2d format (pixels x, pixels y), instead of isometric grid X and Y format. Usually you would just divide them by the tile size, but isometric needs some sort of transform. For example on a 64x32 isometric tilemap of size 40 tiles by 40 tiles an object at (20,21)'s coordinates come out as (640,584) So the question really is what formula gets (20,21) from (640,584)?

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• Applying prerecorded animations to models with the same skeleton

  - by Jeremias Pflaumbaum

  well my question sounds a bit like, how do I apply mo-cap animations to my model, but thats not really it I guess. Animations and model share the same skeleton, but the models vary in size and proportion, but I still want to be able to apply any animation to any model. I think this should be possible since the models got the same skeleton bone structure and the bones are always in the same area only their position varies from model to model. In particular Im trying to apply this to 2D characters that got 2arm, 2legs, a head and a body, but if you got anything related to that topic even if its 3D related or keywords, articles, books whatever Im gratefull for everything cause Im a bit stuck at the moment. cheers Jery

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• Adding 2D vector movement with rotation applied

  - by Michael Zehnich

  I am trying to apply a slight sine wave movement to objects that float around the screen to make them a little more interesting. I would like to apply this to the objects so that they oscillate from side to side, not front to back (so the oscillation does not affect their forward velocity). After reading various threads and tutorials, I have come to the conclusion that I need to create and add vectors, but I simply cannot come up with a solution that works. This is where I'm at right now, in the object's update method (updated based on comments): Vector2 oldPosition = new Vector2(spritePos.X, spritePos.Y); //note: newPosition is initially set in the constructor to spritePos.x/y Vector2 direction = newPosition - oldPosition; Vector2 perpendicular = new Vector2(direction.Y, -direction.X); perpendicular.Normalize(); sinePosAng += 0.1f; perpendicular.X += 2.5f * (float)Math.Sin(sinePosAng); spritePos.X += velocity * (float)Math.Cos(radians); spritePos.Y += velocity * (float)Math.Sin(radians); spritePos += perpendicular; newPosition = spritePos;

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• cocos2d/OpenGL multitexturing problem

  - by Gajoo

  I've got a simple shader to test multitextureing the problem is both samplers are using same image as their reference. the shader code is basically just this : vec4 mid = texture2D(u_texture,v_texCoord); float g = texture2D(u_guide,v_guideCoord); gl_FragColor = vec4(g , mid.g,0,1); and this is how I'm calling draw function : int last_State; glGetIntegerv(GL_ACTIVE_TEXTURE, &last_State); glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0); glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, getTexture()->getName()); glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE1); glEnable(GL_TEXTURE_2D); glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, mGuideTexture->getName()); ccGLEnableVertexAttribs( kCCVertexAttribFlag_TexCoords |kCCVertexAttribFlag_Position); glVertexAttribPointer(kCCVertexAttrib_Position, 2, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 0, vertices); glVertexAttribPointer(kCCVertexAttrib_TexCoords, 2, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 0, texCoord); glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP, 0, 4); glDisable(GL_TEXTURE_2D); I've already check mGuideTexture->getName() and getTexture()->getName() are returning correct textures. but looking at the result I can tell, both samplers are reading from getTexture()->getName(). here are some screen shots showing what is happening : The image rendered Using above codes The image rendered when I change textures passed to samples I'm expecting to see green objects from the first picture with red objects hanging from the top.

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• OpenGL behaviour depending on the graphics card?

  - by Dan

  This is something that never happened to me before. I have an OpenGL code that uses GLSL shaders to texture a 3D model. The code involves a lot of GPU texture processing, blending, etc... I wanted to check how the performance of my code improves using a faster graphics card (both new and old are NVIDIA, using always the NVIDIA development drivers). But now I have found that once I run the code using the new graphics card, it behaves completely different (the final render looks wrong), probably because some blending effect is not performed correctly. I haven't really look into what has changed, but I am guessing that some OpenGL states are, by default, set different. Is this possible? Have you ever found different OpenGL/GLSL behaviour using different graphics cards? Any "fast" solution? (So far I've thought of plugging back the old one, push all OpenGL default states, and compare with the ones I initially get using the new card..)

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• Rope Colliding with a Rectangle

  - by Colton

  I have my rope, and I have my rectangles. The rope is similar to the implementation found here: http://nehe.gamedev.net/tutorial/rope_physics/17006/ Now, I want to make the rope properly collide with the rectangle such that the rope will not pass through a rectangle, and wrap around the rectangle and all that good stuff. Currently, I have it set so no rope node can pass through a rect (successfully), however, this means a rope segment can still pass through a block. Ex: So the question is, what can I do to fix this? What I have tried: I create a rectangle between two nodes of a rope, calculate rotation between the nodes, and get myself a transformed rectangle. I can successfully detect a collision between rope segments and a (non-transformed) rectangle. Create a new node or pivot point around the corner of the block, and rearrange nodes to point to the corner node. Trouble is determining what corner the rope segment is passing through. And then the current rope setup goes wonky (based on verlet integration, so a sudden change in position causes the rope to wiggle like a seismograph during a magnitude 8 earth quake.) Among other issues that might be solvable, but its turning into a case by case thing, which doesn't seem right. I think the best answer here would just be a link to a tutorial (I simply can't find any, most lead to box2D or farseer, but I want to at least learn how it works before I hide behind an engine).

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• scaling point sprites with distance

  - by Will

  How can you scale a point sprite by its distance from the camera? GLSL fragment shader: gl_PointSize = size / gl_Position.w; seems along the right tracks; for any given scene all sprites seem nicely scaled by distance. Is this correct? How do you compute the proper scaling for my vertex attribute size? I want each sprite to be scaled by the modelview matrix. I had played with arbitrary values and it seems that size is the radius in pixels at the camera, and is not in modelview scale. I've also tried: gl_Position = pMatrix * mvMatrix * vec4(vertex,1.0); vec4 v2 = pMatrix * mvMatrix * vec4(vertex.x,vertex.y+0.5*size,vertex.z,1.0); gl_PointSize = length(gl_Position.xyz-v2.xyz) * gl_Position.w; But this makes the sprites be bigger in the distance, rather than smaller:

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• Component-based Rendering

  - by Kikaimaru

  I have component Renderer, that Draws Texture2D (or sprite) According to component-based architecture i should have only method OnUpdate, and there should be my rendering code, something like spriteBatch.Draw(Texture, Vector2.Zero, Color.White) But first I need to do spriteBatch.Begin();. Where should i call it? And how can I make sure it's called before any Renderer components OnUpdate method? (i need to do more stuff then just Begin() i also need to set right rendertarget for camera etc.)

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• Which opcodes are faster at the CPU level?

  - by Geotarget

  In every programming language there are sets of opcodes that are recommended over others. I've tried to list them here, in order of speed. Bitwise Integer Addition / Subtraction Integer Multiplication / Division Comparison Control flow Float Addition / Subtraction Float Multiplication / Division Where you need high-performance code, C++ can be hand optimized in assembly, to use SIMD instructions or more efficient control flow, data types, etc. So I'm trying to understand if the data type (int32 / float32 / float64) or the operation used (*, +, &) affects performance at the CPU level. Is a single multiply slower on the CPU than an addition? In MCU theory you learn that speed of opcodes is determined by the number of CPU cycles it takes to execute. So does it mean that multiply takes 4 cycles and add takes 2? Exactly what are the speed characteristics of the basic math and control flow opcodes? If two opcodes take the same number of cycles to execute, then both can be used interchangeably without any performance gain / loss? Any other technical details you can share regarding x86 CPU performance is appreciated

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• Wrong faces culled in OpenGL when drawing a rectangular prism

  - by BadSniper

  I'm trying to learn opengl. I did some code for building a rectangular prism. I don't want to draw back faces so I used glCullFace(GL_BACK), glEnable(GL_CULL_FACE);. But I keep getting back faces also when viewing from front and also sometimes when rotating sides are vanishing. Can someone point me in right direction? glPolygonMode(GL_FRONT,GL_LINE); // draw wireframe polygons glColor3f(0,1,0); // set color green glCullFace(GL_BACK); // don't draw back faces glEnable(GL_CULL_FACE); // don't draw back faces glTranslatef(-10, 1, 0); // position glBegin(GL_QUADS); // face 1 glVertex3f(0,-1,0); glVertex3f(0,-1,2); glVertex3f(2,-1,2); glVertex3f(2,-1,0); // face 2 glVertex3f(2,-1,2); glVertex3f(2,-1,0); glVertex3f(2,5,0); glVertex3f(2,5,2); // face 3 glVertex3f(0,5,0); glVertex3f(0,5,2); glVertex3f(2,5,2); glVertex3f(2,5,0); // face 4 glVertex3f(0,-1,2); glVertex3f(2,-1,2); glVertex3f(2,5,2); glVertex3f(0,5,2); // face 5 glVertex3f(0,-1,2); glVertex3f(0,-1,0); glVertex3f(0,5,0); glVertex3f(0,5,2); // face 6 glVertex3f(0,-1,0); glVertex3f(2,-1,0); glVertex3f(2,5,0); glVertex3f(0,5,0); glEnd();

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• Good GUI for OpenGL

  - by Cristina

  I am starting to learn OpenGL with FreeGLUT using the Superbible and the knowledge i have from my elementary graphics to brush up on my skills. To get more from this experience i want to integrate a GUI to overwrite the one FreeGLUT uses, now my question is this: is this thing possible and what library should i use? Some characteristics for the library: Open source Multi-platform (Linux and Windows) C/C++ If you have any other recommendations please feel free to post them along with your answers for my problem.

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• Need help drawings planets in Java.

  - by d33j

  I am looking for help/links/notes/agorithms/URLs/examples on drawing/rendering spheres in pure Java (so that I can hopefully, one day, generate/render planets with various surfaces & atmospheres) So for the moment, i'd be pretty happy to be able to start off with just drawing a wireframed sphere(s). ps: I don't want to use external libraries like Java3D, JOGL or aftermarket engines like JMonkeyEngine, Would rather keep it as straight Java.

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• [JOGL] my program is too slow, ho can i profile with Eclipse?

  - by nkint

  hi juys my simple opengl program is really toooo slow and not fluid i'm rendering 30 sphere with simple illumination and simple material. the only hard(?) computing stuffs i do is a collision detection between ray-mouse and spheres (that works ok and i do it only in mouseMoved) i have no thread only animator to move spheres how can i profile my jogl project? or mayebe (most probable..) i have some opengl instruction that i don't understand and make render particular accurate (or back face rendering that i don't need or whatever i don't know exctly i'm just entered in opengl world)

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• Biome Transition in a Grid & Borderless World

  - by API-Beast

  I have a universe: a list of "Systems", each with their own center, type and radius. A small part of such a universe could look like this: Systems: Can be very close to a different system, e.g. overlap Can be inside another, much bigger system Can be very far away from any other systems Spawn system specific entities and particles inside the system radius Have some properties like background color So far so good. However, the player can fly around freely, inside and outside of systems, in real time. How do I interpolate and determine things like the background color now, depending on camera position? E.g. if you are halfway between a green and a red system you should see a background halfway between red and green, or if you are inside a lilac system near the center and at the border of a green system you should get a mostly lilac background etc.

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