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  • Circular class dependency

    - by shad0w
    Is it bad design to have 2 classes which need each other? I'm writing a small game in which I have a GameEngine class which has got a few GameState objects. To access several rendering methods, these GameState objects also need to know the GameEngine class - so it's a circular dependency. Would you call this bad design? I am just asking, because I am not quite sure and at this time I am still able to refactor these things.

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  • Following a set of points?

    - by user1010005
    Lets assume that i have a set of path that an entity should follow : const int Paths = 2 Vector2D<float> Path[Paths] = { Vector2D(100,0),Vector2D(100,50) }; Now i define my entity's position in a 2D vector as follows : Vector2D<float> FollowerPosition(0,0); And now i would like to move the "follower" to the path at index 1 : int PathPosition = 0; //Start with path 1 Currently i do this : Vector2D<float>& Target = Path[PathPosition]; bool Changed = false; if (FollowerPosition.X < Target.X) FollowerPosition.X += Vel,Changed = true; if (FollowerPosition.X > Target.X) FollowerPosition.X -= Vel,Changed = true; if (FollowerPosition.Y < Target.Y) FollowerPosition.Y += Vel;,Changed = true; if (FollowerPosition.Y > Target.Y) FollowerPosition.Y -= Vel,Changed = true; if (!Changed) { PathPosition = PathPosition + 1; if (PathPosition > Paths) PathPosition = 0; } Which works except for one little detail : The movement is not smooth!! ...So i would like to ask if anyone sees anything wrong with my code. Thanks and sorry for my english.

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  • What are the app file size limitations for different smartphone OSes & carriers?

    - by Nick Gotch
    I know the iPhone App Store limits how large an app can be in general and there are also limitations with AT&T over the size it can be to transmit over a data plan vs WiFi. I have no idea what, if any, these limits are for Android apps and what I'm finding online is a mix of different numbers. Does anyone know these numbers definitively? The Android game I'm porting is in the 20-30MB range and we'd like to know if we need to further reduce its size.

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  • Possible to pass pygame data to memory map block?

    - by toozie21
    I am building a matrix out of addressable pixels and it will be run by a Pi (over the ethernet bus). The matrix will be 75 pixels wide and 20 pixels tall. As a side project, I thought it would be neat to run pong on it. I've seen some python based pong tutorials for Pi, but the problem is that they want to pass the data out to a screen via pygame.display function. I have access to pass pixel information using a memory map block, so is there anyway to do that with pygame instead of passing it out the video port? In case anyone is curious, this was the pong tutorial I was looking at: Pong Tutorial

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  • 3d Collision Handling

    - by TobSpr
    I have trouble while detecting collisions on my 3D-Game. I have set-up Rays, to detect collisions (Screenshot) and my main-rountine already analyzes them. But now there's the question what to do with that. One possibility would be, to move the player back to the last position, but that's dirty, and does not work if the player can walk in multiple directions (e.g. if the player runs along a wall). My question is, what to do with the collision data / or in which direction, by which amount move the player? I'm sure there is an algorithm for that (as for almost all is).

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  • Tips on how to notify a user of new features in your game (Android)

    - by brent777
    I have noticed a problem when releasing new features for a game that I wrote for Android and published on Google Play Store. Because my game is "stage-based" - and not a game like Hay Day, for example, where users will just go into the game every day since it can't really be finished - my users are not aware of new features that I release for the game. For example, if I publish a new version of my game and it contains a couple new stages, most of their devices will just auto-update the game and they don't even notice this and think to check out what's new. So this is why an approach like popping open a dialog that showcases the new feature(s) when they open the game for the first time after the update was done is not really sufficient. I am looking for some tips on an approach that will draw my users back into the game and then they could read more detail about new features on such a dialog. I was thinking of something like a notification that tells them to check out the new features after an update is done but I am not sure if this is a good idea. Any suggestions to help me solve this problem would be awesome.

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  • XNA Octree with batching

    - by Alex
    I'm integrating batching in my engine. However I'm using an octree which is auto generated around my scene. Now batching renders a hole group at ones while an octree sorts out which objects that should be rendered within the camera frustum, therefore dividing the group. Batching and octree doesn't go along very well, right? Problem: The way I see it I have two options, either create batch groups based on objects who are close to one another within the octree or I can rebuild the batching matrixbuffer for the instances visible each frame. Which approach should I go with or does there exist another solution?

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  • What is the correct way to reset and load new data into GL_ARRAY_BUFFER?

    - by Geto
    I am using an array buffer for colors data. If I want to load different colors for the current mesh in real time what is the correct way to do it. At the moment I am doing: glBindVertexArray(vao); glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, colorBuffer); glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, SIZE, colorsData, GL_STATIC_DRAW); glEnableVertexAttribArray(shader->attrib("color")); glVertexAttribPointer(shader->attrib("color"), 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_TRUE, 0, NULL); glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0); It works, but I am not sure if this is good and efficient way to do it. What happens to the previous data ? Does it write on top of it ? Do I need to call : glDeleteBuffers(1, colorBuffer); glGenBuffers(1, colorBuffer); before transfering the new data into the buffer ?

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  • XNA Spritebatch sorting by texture vs depth

    - by Motig
    I am refining my 2D game engine, and I want to look in to sorting sprite batches by texture (because I'm quite often using the same textures repeatedly). However, I also want to retain a few 'layers' of depth (i.e. ground < buildings < units < GUI etc). My question is, which of the following is the best approach (in terms of performance)? Create multiple SpriteBatches and Begin() and End() them in order; or... Create a single SpriteBatch and call Begin() and End() multiple times, once for each layer (in order)?

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  • Sprite rotation

    - by Kipras
    I'm using OpenGL and people suggest using glRotate for sprite rotation, but I find that strange. My problem with it is that it rotates the whole matrix, which sort of screws up all my collision detection and so on and so forth. Imagine I had a sprite at position (100, 100) and in position (100, 200) is an obstacle and the sprite's facing it. I rotate the sprite away from the obstacle and when move upwards my y axis, even though the projection shows like it's going away from the obstacle, the sprite will intersect it. So I don't see another way of a rotating a sprite and not screwing up all collision detection other than doing mathematical operations on the image itself. Am I right or am I missing something?

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  • How to offset particles from point of origin

    - by Sun
    Hi I'm having troubles off setting particles from a point of origin. I want my particles to spread out after a certain radius from a the point of origin. For example, this is what I have right now: All particles emitted from a point of origin. What I want is this: Particles are offset from the point of origin by some amount, i.e after the circle. What is the best way to achieve this? At the moment, I have the point of origin, the position of each particle and its rotation angle. Sorry for the poor illustrations. Edit: I was mistaken, when a particle is created, I have only the point of origin. When the particle is created I am able to calculate the rotation of the particle in the update method after it has moved to a new location using atan2() method. This is how I create/manage particles: Created new particle at enemy ship death location, for every new particle which is added to the list, call Update and Draw to update its position, calculate new angle and draw it.

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  • Do unused vertices in a 3D object affect performance?

    - by Gajet
    For my game I need to generate a mesh dynamically. Now I'm wondering does it have a noticeable affect in FPS if I allocate more vertices than what I'm actually using or not? and does it matter if I'm using DirectX or OpenGL? Edit Final output will be a w*h cell grid, but for technical issues it's much easier for me to allocate (w+1)*(h+1) vertices. Sure I'll only use w*h vertices in indexing, and I know there is some memory wasting there, but I want to know if it also affect FPS or not? (Note that mesh is only generated once in each time you play the game)

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  • How to configure background image to be at the bottom OpenGL Android

    - by Maxim Shoustin
    I have class that draws white line: public class Line { //private FloatBuffer vertexBuffer; private FloatBuffer frameVertices; ByteBuffer diagIndices; float[] vertices = { -0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f, -0.5f, 0.5f, 0.0f }; public Line(GL10 gl) { // a float has 4 bytes so we allocate for each coordinate 4 bytes ByteBuffer vertexByteBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(vertices.length * 4); vertexByteBuffer.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder()); // allocates the memory from the byte buffer frameVertices = vertexByteBuffer.asFloatBuffer(); // fill the vertexBuffer with the vertices frameVertices.put(vertices); // set the cursor position to the beginning of the buffer frameVertices.position(0); } /** The draw method for the triangle with the GL context */ public void draw(GL10 gl) { gl.glEnableClientState(GL10.GL_VERTEX_ARRAY); gl.glVertexPointer(2, GL10.GL_FLOAT, 0, frameVertices); gl.glColor4f(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1f); gl.glDrawArrays(GL10.GL_LINE_LOOP , 0, vertices.length / 3); gl.glLineWidth(5.0f); gl.glDisableClientState(GL10.GL_VERTEX_ARRAY); } } It works fine. The problem is: When I add BG image, I don't see the line glView = new GLSurfaceView(this); // Allocate a GLSurfaceView glView.setEGLConfigChooser(8, 8, 8, 8, 16, 0); glView.setRenderer(new mainRenderer(this)); // Use a custom renderer glView.setBackgroundResource(R.drawable.bg_day); // <- BG glView.setRenderMode(GLSurfaceView.RENDERMODE_WHEN_DIRTY); glView.getHolder().setFormat(PixelFormat.TRANSLUCENT); How to get rid of that?

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  • Cannot find the Cocos2d templates

    - by PeterK
    I am about to upgrade to the last version of Cocos2d and would like to uninstall my current Cocos2d templates before installing the new one but cannot find the templates to delete. I have looked at a number of web comments on this such as Uninstall Cocos2D ans another uninstall example but to no avail. However, I still see Cocos2d in my Xcode (4.5) framework. I have been searching my directories but cannot find it. Is there anyone out there who can give me a hint where to find it so i can delete in?

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  • Game planning and software design? I feel that UML is not convenient

    - by user1542
    In my university, they always emphasize and hype about UML design and stuff, in which I feel it is not going to work well with game structure design. Now, I just want a professional advice on how should I begin my game designing? The story is I have some skill in programming and have done many minor game such as getting some 2D platformer working to some extend. The problems that I find about my program is the poor quality design. After coding for a while, things start to break down due to poor planning (When I add new feature, it tends to make me have to recode the whole program). However, to plan everything out without a single design flaw is a bit too ideal. Therefore, any advice to how should I plan my game? How should I put it into visible pictures, so that me and my friends are able to overview the designs? I planned to start coding a game with my friend. This is going to be my first teamwork, so any professional advices would be a pleasure. Is there any other alternatives than UML? Another question is how does "prototyping" normally looks like?

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  • Physics don't apply on a unique body AndEngine

    - by Kanga
    I am developing a game in AndEngine so far I managed to create everything I wanted for my sprite that was connected to a BoxBody. I was rotating it moving it everything was great. I wanted my collision detection to be more precise so I changed from boxBody to unique irregular shaped body. I found all the vertices and I just replaced the newly created irregular shaped body with the boxbody everywhere in my code. Not only that the image of the sprite is not in place but all the physics and maths I was doing for movement and physics wont work. Please help me :(. Thanks in advance.

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  • Can anyone point me to some open source directX rendering engines or frameworks? [on hold]

    - by Jim
    I'm completely new to graphics API programmming, but not at all new to the theory and principle operation of game engines and rendering engines. That being said, I want to do some experiments of rendering very dense geometry scenes in a basic rendering engine or game engine. I don't need a lot of bells and whistles. What I need is enough control that I can implement my own scene graph algorithms and control the rendering pipeline very specifically. My ideal candidate engine would be either a rendering engine or game engine with a modular design that might be ready to go out of the box but would be simple enough in case I need to rip out some of the guts in the rendering management and implement my own. It's a tough call because I'm right at the level where it's almost better to go from scratch, but there's no sense in having to build every single basic thing such as heirarchical transforms, etc. I just want to work with rendering optimization to push dense geometry for maximum FPS. Does anyone have a suggestion for an engine or basic framework to use? I requested DirectX in my title because I figured it would likely be better supported and less likely for me to run into some obscure less-documented problem. But OpenGL might be acceptable if the recommended framework was definitely better than my other options. EDIT: I should add that I really want GPU tessellation support (part of adding to the density of geometry detail).

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  • Microsoft XNA code sample wont work with blender model

    - by FreakinaBox
    I downloaded this code sample and integrated it into my game http://xbox.create.msdn.com/en-US/education/catalog/sample/mesh_instancing It works with the model that they supplied, but throws and exception whenever I use one of my models. The current vertex declaration does not include all the elements required by the current vertex shader. TextureCoordinate0 is missing. I tried pluging my model into their original source code and same thing. My model is an fbx from blender and has a texture. This is the function that throws the error GraphicsDevice.DrawInstancedPrimitives( PrimitiveType.TriangleList, 0, 0, meshPart.NumVertices, meshPart.StartIndex, meshPart.PrimitiveCount, instances.Length );

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  • Enemies don't shoot. What is wrong? [closed]

    - by Bryan
    I want that every enemy shoots independently bullets. If an enemy’s bullet left the screen, the enemy can shoot a new bullet. Not earlier. But for the moment, the enemies don't shoot. Not a single bullet. I guess their is something wrong with my Enemy class, but I can't find a bug and I get no error message. What is wrong? public class Map { Texture2D myEnemy, myBullet ; Player Player; List<Enemy> enemieslist = new List<Enemy>(); List<Bullet> bulletslist = new List<Bullet>(); float fNextEnemy = 0.0f; float fEnemyFreq = 3.0f; int fMaxEnemy = 3 ; Vector2 Startposition = new Vector2(200, 200); GraphicsDeviceManager graphicsDevice; public Map(GraphicsDeviceManager device) { graphicsDevice = device; } public void Load(ContentManager content) { myEnemy = content.Load<Texture2D>("enemy"); myBullet = content.Load<Texture2D>("bullet"); Player = new Player(graphicsDevice); Player.Load(content); } public void Update(GameTime gameTime) { Player.Update(gameTime); float delta = (float)gameTime.ElapsedGameTime.TotalSeconds; for(int i = enemieslist.Count - 1; i >= 0; i--) { // Update Enemy Enemy enemy = enemieslist[i]; enemy.Update(gameTime, this.graphicsDevice, Player.playershape.Position, delta); // Try to remove an enemy if (enemy.Remove == true) { enemieslist.Remove(enemy); enemy.Remove = false; } } this.fNextEnemy += delta; //New enemy if (fMaxEnemy > 0) { if ((this.fNextEnemy >= fEnemyFreq) && (enemieslist.Count < 3)) { Vector2 enemyDirection = Vector2.Normalize(Player.playershape.Position - Startposition) * 100f; enemieslist.Add(new Enemy(Startposition, enemyDirection, Player.playershape.Position)); fMaxEnemy -= 1; fNextEnemy -= fEnemyFreq; } } } public void Draw(SpriteBatch batch) { Player.Draw(batch); foreach (Enemy enemies in enemieslist) { enemies.Draw(batch, myEnemy); } foreach (Bullet bullets in bulletslist) { bullets.Draw(batch, myBullet); } } } public class Enemy { List<Bullet> bulletslist = new List<Bullet>(); private float nextShot = 0; private float shotFrequency = 2.0f; Vector2 vPos; Vector2 vMove; Vector2 vPlayer; public bool Remove; public bool Shot; public Enemy(Vector2 Pos, Vector2 Move, Vector2 Player) { this.vPos = Pos; this.vMove = Move; this.vPlayer = Player; this.Remove = false; this.Shot = false; } public void Update(GameTime gameTime, GraphicsDeviceManager graphics, Vector2 PlayerPos, float delta) { nextShot += delta; for (int i = bulletslist.Count - 1; i >= 0; i--) { // Update Bullet Bullet bullets = bulletslist[i]; bullets.Update(gameTime, graphics, delta); // Try to remove a bullet... Collision, hit, or outside screen. if (bullets.Remove == true) { bulletslist.Remove(bullets); bullets.Remove = false; } } if (nextShot >= shotFrequency) { this.Shot = true; nextShot -= shotFrequency; } // Does the enemy shot? if ((Shot == true) && (bulletslist.Count < 1)) // New bullet { Vector2 bulletDirection = Vector2.Normalize(PlayerPos - this.vPos) * 200f; bulletslist.Add(new Bullet(this.vPos, bulletDirection, PlayerPos)); Shot = false; } if (!Remove) { this.vMove = Vector2.Normalize(PlayerPos - this.vPos) * 100f; this.vPos += this.vMove * delta; if (this.vPos.X > graphics.PreferredBackBufferWidth + 1) { this.Remove = true; } else if (this.vPos.X < -20) { this.Remove = true; } if (this.vPos.Y > graphics.PreferredBackBufferHeight + 1) { this.Remove = true; } else if (this.vPos.Y < -20) { this.Remove = true; } } } public void Draw(SpriteBatch batch, Texture2D myTexture) { if (!Remove) { batch.Draw(myTexture, this.vPos, Color.White); } } } public class Bullet { Vector2 vPos; Vector2 vMove; Vector2 vPlayer; public bool Remove; public Bullet(Vector2 Pos, Vector2 Move, Vector2 Player) { this.Remove = false; this.vPos = Pos; this.vMove = Move; this.vPlayer = Player; } public void Update(GameTime gameTime, GraphicsDeviceManager graphics, float delta) { if (!Remove) { this.vPos += this.vMove * delta; if (this.vPos.X > graphics.PreferredBackBufferWidth +1) { this.Remove = true; } else if (this.vPos.X < -20) { this.Remove = true; } if (this.vPos.Y > graphics.PreferredBackBufferHeight +1) { this.Remove = true; } else if (this.vPos.Y < -20) { this.Remove = true; } } } public void Draw(SpriteBatch spriteBatch, Texture2D myTexture) { if (!Remove) { spriteBatch.Draw(myTexture, this.vPos, Color.White); } } }

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  • Constrained A* problem

    - by Ragekit
    I've got a little problem with an A* algorithm that I need to Constrained a little bit. Basically : I use an A* to find the shortest path between 2 randomly placed room in 3D space, and then build a corridor between them. The problem I found is that sometimes it makes chimney like corridors that are not ideal, so I constrict the A* so that if the last movement was up or down, you go sideways. Everything is fine, but in some corner cases, it fails to find a path (when there is obviously one). Like here between the blue and red dot : (i'm in unity btw, but i don't think it matters) Here is the code of the actual A* (a bit long, and some redundency) while(current != goal) { //add stair up / stair down foreach(Node<GridUnit> test in current.Neighbors) { if(!test.Data.empty && test != goal) continue; //bug at arrival; if(test == goal && penul !=null) { Vector3 currentDiff = current.Data.bounds.center - test.Data.bounds.center; if(!Mathf.Approximately(currentDiff.y,0)) { //wanna drop on the last if(!coplanar(test.Data.bounds.center,current.Data.bounds.center,current.Data.parentUnit.bounds.center,to.Data.bounds.center)) { continue; } else { if(Mathf.Approximately(to.Data.bounds.center.x, current.Data.parentUnit.bounds.center.x) && Mathf.Approximately(to.Data.bounds.center.z, current.Data.parentUnit.bounds.center.z)) { continue; } } } } if(current.Data.parentUnit != null) { Vector3 previousDiff = current.Data.parentUnit.bounds.center - current.Data.bounds.center; Vector3 currentDiff = current.Data.bounds.center - test.Data.bounds.center; if(!Mathf.Approximately(previousDiff.y,0)) { if(!Mathf.Approximately(currentDiff.y,0)) { //you wanna drop now : continue; } if(current.Data.parentUnit.parentUnit != null) { if(!coplanar(test.Data.bounds.center,current.Data.bounds.center,current.Data.parentUnit.bounds.center,current.Data.parentUnit.parentUnit.bounds.center)) { continue; }else { if(Mathf.Approximately(test.Data.bounds.center.x, current.Data.parentUnit.parentUnit.bounds.center.x) && Mathf.Approximately(test.Data.bounds.center.z, current.Data.parentUnit.parentUnit.bounds.center.z)) { continue; } } } } } g = current.Data.g + HEURISTIC(current.Data,test.Data); h = HEURISTIC(test.Data,goal.Data); f = g + h; if(open.Contains(test) || closed.Contains(test)) { if(test.Data.f > f) { //found a shorter path going passing through that point test.Data.f = f; test.Data.g = g; test.Data.h = h; test.Data.parentUnit = current.Data; } } else { //jamais rencontré test.Data.f = f; test.Data.h = h; test.Data.g = g; test.Data.parentUnit = current.Data; open.Add(test); } } closed.Add (current); if(open.Count == 0) { Debug.Log("nothingfound"); //nothing more to test no path found, stay to from; List<GridUnit> r = new List<GridUnit>(); r.Add(from.Data); return r; } //sort open from small to biggest travel cost open.Sort(delegate(Node<GridUnit> x, Node<GridUnit> y) { return (int)(x.Data.f-y.Data.f); }); //get the smallest travel cost node; Node<GridUnit> smallest = open[0]; current = smallest; open.RemoveAt(0); } //build the path going backward; List<GridUnit> ret = new List<GridUnit>(); if(penul != null) { ret.Insert(0,to.Data); } GridUnit cur = goal.Data; ret.Insert(0,cur); do{ cur = cur.parentUnit; ret.Insert(0,cur); } while(cur != from.Data); return ret; You see at the start of the foreach i constrict the A* like i said. If you have any insight it would be cool. Thanks

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  • AS3 - At exactly 23 empty alpha channels, images below stop drawing

    - by user46851
    I noticed, while trying to draw large numbers of circles, that occasionally, there would be some kind of visual bug where some circles wouldn't draw properly. Well, I narrowed it down, and have noticed that if there is 23 or more objects with 00 for an alpha value on the same spot, then the objects below don't draw. It appears to be on a pixel-by-pixel basis, since parts of the image still draw. Originally, this problem was noticed with a class that inherited Sprite. It was confirmed to also be a problem with Sprites, and now Bitmaps, too. If anyone can find a lower-level class than Bitmap which doesn't have this problem, please speak up so we can try to find the origin of the problem. I prepared a small test class that demonstrates what I mean. You can change the integer value at line 20 in order to see the three tests I came up with to clearly show the problem. Is there any kind of workaround, or is this just a limit that I have to work with? Has anyone experienced this before? Is it possible I'm doing something wrong, despite the bare-bones implementation? package { import flash.display.Sprite; import flash.events.Event; import flash.display.Bitmap; import flash.display.BitmapData; public class Main extends Sprite { public function Main():void { if (stage) init(); else addEventListener(Event.ADDED_TO_STAGE, init); } private function init(e:Event = null):void { removeEventListener(Event.ADDED_TO_STAGE, init); // entry point Test(3); } private function Test(testInt:int):void { if(testInt==1){ addChild(new Bitmap(new BitmapData(200, 200, true, 0xFFFF0000))); for (var i:int = 0; i < 22; i++) { addChild(new Bitmap(new BitmapData(100, 100, true, 0x00000000))); } } if(testInt==2){ addChild(new Bitmap(new BitmapData(200, 200, true, 0xFFFF0000))); for (var j:int = 0; j < 23; j++) { addChild(new Bitmap(new BitmapData(100, 100, true, 0x00000000))); } } if(testInt==3){ addChild(new Bitmap(new BitmapData(200, 200, true, 0xFFFF0000))); for (var k:int = 0; k < 22; k++) { addChild(new Bitmap(new BitmapData(100, 100, true, 0x00000000))); } var M:Bitmap = new Bitmap(new BitmapData(100, 100, true, 0x00000000)); M.x += 50; M.y += 50; addChild(M); } } } }

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  • A* algorithm very slow

    - by Amaranth
    I have an programming a RTS game (I use XNA with C#). The pathfinding is working fine, except that when it has a lot of node to search in, there is a lag period of one or two seconds, it happens mainly when there is no path to the target destination, since it that situation there is more nodes to explore. I have the same problem when the path is shorter but selected more than 3 units (can't take the same path since the selected units can be in different part of the map). private List<NodeInfo> FindPath(Unit u, NodeInfo start, NodeInfo end) { Map map = GameInfo.GetInstance().GameMap; _nearestToTarget = start; start.MoveCost = 0; Vector2 endPosition = map.getTileByPos(end.X, end.Y).Position; //getTileByPos simply gets the tile in a 2D array with the X and Y indexes start.EstimatedRemainingCost = (int)(endPosition - map.getTileByPos(start.X, start.Y).Position).Length(); start.Parent = null; List<NodeInfo> openedNodes = new List<NodeInfo>(); ; List<NodeInfo> closedNodes = new List<NodeInfo>(); Point[] movements = GetMovements(u.UnitType); openedNodes.Add(start); while (!closedNodes.Contains(end) && openedNodes.Count > 0) { //Loop in nodes to find lowest cost NodeInfo currentNode = FindLowestCostOpenedNode(openedNodes); openedNodes.Remove(currentNode); closedNodes.Add(currentNode); Vector2 previousMouvement; if (currentNode.Parent == null) { previousMouvement = ConvertRotationToDirectionVector(u.Rotation); } else { previousMouvement = map.getTileByPos(currentNode.X, currentNode.Y).Position - map.getTileByPos(currentNode.Parent.X, currentNode.Parent.Y).Position; previousMouvement.Normalize(); } //For each neighbor foreach (Point movement in movements) { Point exploredGridPos = new Point(currentNode.X + movement.X, currentNode.Y + movement.Y); //Checks if valid move and checks if not if closed nodes list if (ValidNavigableNode(u.UnitType, new Point(currentNode.X, currentNode.Y), exploredGridPos) && !closedNodes.Contains(_gridMap[exploredGridPos.Y, exploredGridPos.X])) { NodeInfo exploredNode = _gridMap[exploredGridPos.Y, exploredGridPos.X]; Tile.TileType exploredTerrain = map.getTileByPos(exploredGridPos.X, exploredGridPos.Y).TerrainType; if(openedNodes.Contains(exploredNode)) { int newCost = currentNode.MoveCost + GetMoveCost(previousMouvement, movement, exploredTerrain); if (newCost < exploredNode.MoveCost) { exploredNode.Parent = currentNode; exploredNode.MoveCost = newCost; //Find nearest tile to the target (in case doesn't find path to target) //Only compares the node to the current nearest FindNearest(exploredNode); } } else { exploredNode.Parent = currentNode; exploredNode.MoveCost = currentNode.MoveCost + GetMoveCost(previousMouvement, movement, exploredTerrain); Vector2 exploredNodeWorldPos = map.getTileByPos(exploredGridPos.X, exploredGridPos.Y).Position; exploredNode.EstimatedRemainingCost = (int)(endPosition - exploredNodeWorldPos).Length(); //Find nearest tile to the target (in case doesn't find path to target) //Only compares the node to the current nearest FindNearest(exploredNode); openedNodes.Add(exploredNode); } } } } return closedNodes; } After that, I simply check if the end node is contained in the returned nodes. If so, I add the end node and each parent until I reach the start. If not, I add the nearestToTarget and each parent until I reach the start. I added a condition before calling FindPath so that only one unit can call a find path each frame (60 frame per second), but it makes no difference. I thought maybe I could solve this by allowing the find path to run in background while the game continues to run correctly, even if it takes a few frame (it is currently sequential sonce it is called in the update() of the unit if there's a target location but no path), but I don't really know how... I also though about sorting my opened nodes list by cost so I don't have to loop them, but I don't know if that would have an effect on the performance... Would there be other solutions? P.S. In the code, when I get the Move Cost, I check if the unit has to turn to perform the move, and the terrain type, nothing hard to do.

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  • How to only render part of an image in lwjgl/openGL

    - by Ephyxia
    I'm making a mining/building game in java using slick2D and I want to make it so you can only see a few blocks in any direction while you are underground. The best example I could find of what I want to do is the game miner dig deep. One way I thought of doing it would be to have a large image and just draw transparent areas on it where you need to be able too see but even if that would be an efficient method I wouldn't be sure how to do that.

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  • How difficult is it for an artist to make their own artwork cohesive to another artists' style? [on hold]

    - by user36200
    I have a lot of artwork I purchased from a website, but the artist who drew the game assets is unavailable. I need to create additional artwork which fits with this style, but I am not an artist- nor do I have any idea of how artists work. Obviously, the solution is to find a new artist, who I can pay to draw this artwork while keeping it to look at certain way. I am scared of wasting money though. I don't want to contract an artist, only to find out it is extremely difficult for someone to match another person's art style. I don't need it to be identical, I just need it to be cohesive. I also want to know what I'm asking of people, before I ask them. Artists are workers just like me, and deserve to be understood when contracted. As an artist, is it extra difficult or time consuming to alter your artwork to match a certain style? Does it require a lot of talent to make a cohesive piece of art? To be specific, I am talking about structures, such as 2D symbols of towns for a map. They all have this "gritty" penciling effect to them and lots of saturated colors, which is what will be required when I say "cohesive". Along with looking like the architecture belongs in the same world.

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  • A* PathFinding Poor Performance

    - by RedShft
    After debugging for a few hours, the algorithm seems to be working. Right now to check if it works i'm checking the end node position to the currentNode position when the while loop quits. So far the values look correct. The problem is, the farther I get from the NPC, who is current stationary, the worse the performance gets. It gets to a point where the game is unplayable less than 10 fps. My current PathGraph is 2500 nodes, which I believe is pretty small, right? Any ideas on how to improve performance? struct Node { bool walkable; //Whether this node is blocked or open vect2 position; //The tile's position on the map in pixels int xIndex, yIndex; //The index values of the tile in the array Node*[4] connections; //An array of pointers to nodes this current node connects to Node* parent; int gScore; int hScore; int fScore; } class AStar { private: SList!Node openList; SList!Node closedList; //Node*[4] connections; //The connections of the current node; Node currentNode; //The current node being processed Node[] Path; //The path found; const int connectionCost = 10; Node start, end; ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// void AddToList(ref SList!Node list, ref Node node ) { list.insert( node ); } void RemoveFrom(ref SList!Node list, ref Node node ) { foreach( elem; list ) { if( node.xIndex == elem.xIndex && node.yIndex == elem.yIndex ) { auto a = find( list[] , elem ); list.linearRemove( take(a, 1 ) ); } } } bool IsInList( SList!Node list, ref Node node ) { foreach( elem; list ) { if( node.xIndex == elem.xIndex && node.yIndex == elem.yIndex ) return true; } return false; } void ClearList( SList!Node list ) { list.clear; } void SetParentNode( ref Node parent, ref Node child ) { child.parent = &parent; } void SetStartAndEndNode( vect2 vStart, vect2 vEnd, Node[] PathGraph ) { int startXIndex, startYIndex; int endXIndex, endYIndex; startXIndex = cast(int)( vStart.x / 32 ); startYIndex = cast(int)( vStart.y / 32 ); endXIndex = cast(int)( vEnd.x / 32 ); endYIndex = cast(int)( vEnd.y / 32 ); foreach( node; PathGraph ) { if( node.xIndex == startXIndex && node.yIndex == startYIndex ) { start = node; } if( node.xIndex == endXIndex && node.yIndex == endYIndex ) { end = node; } } } void SetStartScores( ref Node start ) { start.gScore = 0; start.hScore = CalculateHScore( start, end ); start.fScore = CalculateFScore( start ); } Node GetLowestFScore() { Node lowest; lowest.fScore = 10000; foreach( elem; openList ) { if( elem.fScore < lowest.fScore ) lowest = elem; } return lowest; } //This function current sets the program into an infinite loop //I still need to debug to figure out why the parent nodes aren't correct void GeneratePath() { while( currentNode.position != start.position ) { Path ~= currentNode; currentNode = *currentNode.parent; } } void ReversePath() { Node[] temp; for(int i = Path.length - 1; i >= 0; i-- ) { temp ~= Path[i]; } Path = temp.dup; } public: //@FIXME It seems to find the path, but now performance is terrible void FindPath( vect2 vStart, vect2 vEnd, Node[] PathGraph ) { openList.clear; closedList.clear; SetStartAndEndNode( vStart, vEnd, PathGraph ); SetStartScores( start ); AddToList( openList, start ); while( currentNode.position != end.position ) { currentNode = GetLowestFScore(); if( currentNode.position == end.position ) break; else { RemoveFrom( openList, currentNode ); AddToList( closedList, currentNode ); for( int i = 0; i < currentNode.connections.length; i++ ) { if( currentNode.connections[i] is null ) continue; else { if( IsInList( closedList, *currentNode.connections[i] ) && currentNode.gScore < currentNode.connections[i].gScore ) { currentNode.connections[i].gScore = currentNode.gScore + connectionCost; currentNode.connections[i].hScore = abs( currentNode.connections[i].xIndex - end.xIndex ) + abs( currentNode.connections[i].yIndex - end.yIndex ); currentNode.connections[i].fScore = currentNode.connections[i].gScore + currentNode.connections[i].hScore; currentNode.connections[i].parent = &currentNode; } else if( IsInList( openList, *currentNode.connections[i] ) && currentNode.gScore < currentNode.connections[i].gScore ) { currentNode.connections[i].gScore = currentNode.gScore + connectionCost; currentNode.connections[i].hScore = abs( currentNode.connections[i].xIndex - end.xIndex ) + abs( currentNode.connections[i].yIndex - end.yIndex ); currentNode.connections[i].fScore = currentNode.connections[i].gScore + currentNode.connections[i].hScore; currentNode.connections[i].parent = &currentNode; } else { currentNode.connections[i].gScore = currentNode.gScore + connectionCost; currentNode.connections[i].hScore = abs( currentNode.connections[i].xIndex - end.xIndex ) + abs( currentNode.connections[i].yIndex - end.yIndex ); currentNode.connections[i].fScore = currentNode.connections[i].gScore + currentNode.connections[i].hScore; currentNode.connections[i].parent = &currentNode; AddToList( openList, *currentNode.connections[i] ); } } } } } writeln( "Current Node Position: ", currentNode.position ); writeln( "End Node Position: ", end.position ); if( currentNode.position == end.position ) { writeln( "Current Node Parent: ", currentNode.parent ); //GeneratePath(); //ReversePath(); } } Node[] GetPath() { return Path; } } This is my first attempt at A* so any help would be greatly appreciated.

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