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  • Object-Oriented OpenGL

    - by Sullivan
    I have been using OpenGL for a while and have read a large number of tutorials. Aside from the fact that a lot of them still use the fixed pipeline, they usually throw all the initialisation, state changes and drawing in one source file. This is fine for the limited scope of a tutorial, but I’m having a hard time working out how to scale it up to a full game. How do you split your usage of OpenGL across files? Conceptually, I can see the benefits of having, say, a rendering class that purely renders stuff to screen, but how would stuff like shaders and lights work? Should I have separate classes for things like lights and shaders?

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  • Smooth Camera Zoom Factor Change

    - by Siddharth
    I have game play scene in which user can zoom in and out. For which I used smooth camera in the following manner. public static final int CAMERA_WIDTH = 1024; public static final int CAMERA_HEIGHT = 600; public static final float MAXIMUM_VELOCITY_X = 400f; public static final float MAXIMUM_VELOCITY_Y = 400f; public static final float ZOOM_FACTOR_CHANGE = 1f; mSmoothCamera = new SmoothCamera(0, 0, Constants.CAMERA_WIDTH, Constants.CAMERA_HEIGHT, Constants.MAXIMUM_VELOCITY_X, Constants.MAXIMUM_VELOCITY_Y, Constants.ZOOM_FACTOR_CHANGE); mSmoothCamera.setBounds(0f, 0f, Constants.CAMERA_WIDTH, Constants.CAMERA_HEIGHT); But above thing create problem for me. When user perform zoom in and leave game play scene then other scene behaviour not look good. I already set zoom factor to 1 for this purpose. But now it show camera translation in other scene. Because scene switching time it so much small that player can easily saw translation of camera that I don't want to show. After camera reposition, everything works perfect but how to set camera its proper position. For example my loading text move from bottom to top or vice versa based on camera movement. Any more detail you want then I can able to give you.

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  • Drawing order in XNA

    - by marc wellman
    When manually setting the drawing order of game components by setting int DrawableGameComponent.DrawOrder can one use any integer numbers as long an order is defined like component1 = drawing order: 2 component2 = drawing order: 5 component3 = drawing order: 10 component4 = drawing order: 323 or do these integers have to be consecutive and starting with zero like component1 = drawing order: 0 component2 = drawing order: 1 component3 = drawing order: 2 component4 = drawing order: 3 ?

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  • Can I animate render targets or the swap chain?

    - by Eric F.
    I want to animate some synthetic video bits to fullscreen w/o tearing. Can I set up D3D 9/10/11 in exclusive mode, and have it present a series of buffers that I'm writing to? I know how to copy system memory bits into a texture, then draw that texture as a fullscreen quad, but it seems like overkill. Why should I use the triangle rasterizer when I want to do something so simple? All I want to do is set up a long (4-8 buffer) swapchain and set the bits of the back buffer that is about to be displayed. Or, I want to allocate 4-8 RenderTargets, and on each frame, copy the bits from system memory to the RenderTarget, then set it as the next thing to display. I've never seen or heard about anybody doing this, but it seems so dead simple!

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  • Hidden Loading with UDK

    - by CyrusFiredawn
    I was wondering, how would I go about creating hidden loading scenes with UDK? For example, a character walks in to an elevator, the elevator fakes movement, whilst the previous floor is destroyed and the next floor is loaded on top. I assume it's possible with UDK, since it's supposedly rather flexible, but I've never used UDK before (I decided to ask this question first to save me learning it all, finding out it isn't possible, then giving up). So yeah, is hiding the loading process possible? And if so, how would I go about doing it?

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  • Creating an interactive grid for a puzzle game

    - by Noupoi
    I am trying to make a slitherlink game, and am not too sure how to approach creating the game, more specifically the grid structure on which the puzzle will be played on. This is what a empty and completed slitherlink grid would look like: The numbers in the squares are sort of clues and the areas between the dots need to be clickable: I would like to create the game in VB .NET. What data structures should I try to use, and would it be beneficial using any frameworks such as XNA?

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  • Sprite Animation in Android with OpenGL ES

    - by lijo john
    How to do a sprite animation in android using OpenGL ES? What i have done : Now I am able to draw a rectangle and apply my texture(Spritesheet) to it What I need to know : Now the rectangle shows the whole sprite sheet as a whole How to show a single action from sprite sheet at a time and make the animation It will be very help full if anyone can share any idea's , links to tutorials and suggestions. Advanced Thanks to All

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  • Using SQL tables for storing user created level stats. Is there a better way?

    - by Ivan
    I am developing a racing game in which players can create their own tracks and upload them to a server. Players will be able to compare their best track times to their friends and see world records. I was going to generate a table for each track submitted to store the best times of each player who plays the track. However, I can't predict how many will be uploaded and I imagine too many tables might cause problems, or is this a valid method? I considered saving each player's best times in a string in a single table field like so: level1:00.45;level2:00.43;level3:00.12 If I did this I wouldn't need a separate table for each level (each level could just have a row in a 'WorldRecords' table). However, this just causes another problem because the text would eventually reach the limit for varchar length. I also considered storing the times data in XML files. This would avoid database issues and server disk space can be increased if needed. But I imagine this would be very slow. To update one players best time on one level, I would have to check every node in the file to find their time record to update. Apologies for the wall of text. Any suggestions would be appreciated.

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  • Issues with shooting in a HTML5 platformer game

    - by fnx
    I'm coding a 2D sidescroller using only JavaScript and HTML5 canvas, and in my game I have two problems with shooting: 1) Player shoots continous stream of bullets. I want that player can shoot only a single bullet even though the shoot-button is being held down. 2) Also, I get an error "Uncaught TypeError: Cannot call method 'draw' of undefined" when all the bullets are removed. My shooting code goes like this: When player shoots, I do game.bullets.push(new Bullet(this, this.scale)); and after that: function Bullet(source, dir) { this.id = "bullet"; this.width = 10; this.height = 3; this.dir = dir; if (this.dir == 1) { this.x = source.x + source.width - 5; this.y = source.y + 16; } if (this.dir == -1) { this.x = source.x; this.y = source.y + 16; } } Bullet.prototype.update = function() { if (this.dir == 1) this.x += 8; if (this.dir == -1) this.x -= 8; for (var i in game.enemies) { checkCollisions(this, game.enemies[i]); } // Check if bullet leaves the viewport if (this.x < game.viewX * 32 || this.x > (game.viewX + game.tilesX) * 32) { removeFromList(game.bullets, this); } } Bullet.prototype.draw = function() { // bullet flipping uses orientation of the player var posX = game.player.scale == 1 ? this.x : (this.x + this.width) * -1; game.ctx.scale(game.player.scale, 1); game.ctx.drawImage(gameData.getGfx("bullet"), posX, this.y); } I handle removing with this function: function removeFromList(list, object) { for (i in list) { if (object == list[i]) { list.splice(i, 1); break; } } } And finally, in the main game loop I have this: for (var i in game.bullets) { game.bullets[i].update(); game.bullets[i].draw(); } I have tried adding if (game.bullets.length > 0) to the main game loop before the above draw&update calls, but I still get the same error.

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  • Managing constant buffers without FX interface

    - by xcrypt
    I am aware that there is a sample on working without FX in the samplebrowser, and I already checked that one. However, some questions arise: In the sample: D3DXMATRIXA16 mWorldViewProj; D3DXMATRIXA16 mWorld; D3DXMATRIXA16 mView; D3DXMATRIXA16 mProj; mWorld = g_World; mView = g_View; mProj = g_Projection; mWorldViewProj = mWorld * mView * mProj; VS_CONSTANT_BUFFER* pConstData; g_pConstantBuffer10->Map( D3D10_MAP_WRITE_DISCARD, NULL, ( void** )&pConstData ); pConstData->mWorldViewProj = mWorldViewProj; pConstData->fTime = fBoundedTime; g_pConstantBuffer10->Unmap(); They are copying their D3DXMATRIX'es to D3DXMATRIXA16. Checked on msdn, these new matrices are 16 byte aligned and optimised for intel pentium 4. So as my first question: 1) Is it necessary to copy matrices to D3DXMATRIXA16 before sending them to the constant buffer? And if no, why don't we just use D3DXMATRIXA16 all the time? I have another question about managing multiple constant buffers within one shader. Suppose that, within your shader, you have multiple constant buffers that need to be updated at different times: cbuffer cbNeverChanges { matrix View; }; cbuffer cbChangeOnResize { matrix Projection; }; cbuffer cbChangesEveryFrame { matrix World; float4 vMeshColor; }; Then how would I set these buffers all at different times? g_pd3dDevice->VSSetConstantBuffers( 0, 1, &g_pConstantBuffer10 ); gives me the possibility to set multiple buffers, but that is within one call. 2) Is that okay even if my constant buffers are updated at different times? And do I suppose I have to make sure the constantbuffers are in the same position in the array as the order they appear in the shader?

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  • Ray Intersecting Plane Formula in C++/DirectX

    - by user4585
    I'm developing a picking system that will use rays that intersect volumes and I'm having trouble with ray intersection versus a plane. I was able to figure out spheres fairly easily, but planes are giving me trouble. I've tried to understand various sources and get hung up on some of the variables used within their explanations. Here is a snippet of my code: bool Picking() { D3DXVECTOR3 vec; D3DXVECTOR3 vRayDir; D3DXVECTOR3 vRayOrig; D3DXVECTOR3 vROO, vROD; // vect ray obj orig, vec ray obj dir D3DXMATRIX m; D3DXMATRIX mInverse; D3DXMATRIX worldMat; // Obtain project matrix D3DXMATRIX pMatProj = CDirectXRenderer::GetInstance()->Director()->Proj(); // Obtain mouse position D3DXVECTOR3 pos = CGUIManager::GetInstance()->GUIObjectList.front().pos; // Get window width & height float w = CDirectXRenderer::GetInstance()->GetWidth(); float h = CDirectXRenderer::GetInstance()->GetHeight(); // Transform vector from screen to 3D space vec.x = (((2.0f * pos.x) / w) - 1.0f) / pMatProj._11; vec.y = -(((2.0f * pos.y) / h) - 1.0f) / pMatProj._22; vec.z = 1.0f; // Create a view inverse matrix D3DXMatrixInverse(&m, NULL, &CDirectXRenderer::GetInstance()->Director()->View()); // Determine our ray's direction vRayDir.x = vec.x * m._11 + vec.y * m._21 + vec.z * m._31; vRayDir.y = vec.x * m._12 + vec.y * m._22 + vec.z * m._32; vRayDir.z = vec.x * m._13 + vec.y * m._23 + vec.z * m._33; // Determine our ray's origin vRayOrig.x = m._41; vRayOrig.y = m._42; vRayOrig.z = m._43; D3DXMatrixIdentity(&worldMat); //worldMat = aliveActors[0]->GetTrans(); D3DXMatrixInverse(&mInverse, NULL, &worldMat); D3DXVec3TransformCoord(&vROO, &vRayOrig, &mInverse); D3DXVec3TransformNormal(&vROD, &vRayDir, &mInverse); D3DXVec3Normalize(&vROD, &vROD); When using this code I'm able to detect a ray intersection via a sphere, but I have questions when determining an intersection via a plane. First off should I be using my vRayOrig & vRayDir variables for the plane intersection tests or should I be using the new vectors that are created for use in object space? When looking at a site like this for example: http://www.tar.hu/gamealgorithms/ch22lev1sec2.html I'm curious as to what D is in the equation AX + BY + CZ + D = 0 and how does it factor in to determining a plane intersection? Any help will be appreciated, thanks.

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  • Creating smooth lighting transitions using tiles in HTML5/JavaScript game

    - by user12098
    I am trying to implement a lighting effect in an HTML5/JavaScript game using tile replacement. What I have now is kind of working, but the transitions do not look smooth/natural enough as the light source moves around. Here's where I am now: Right now I have a background map that has a light/shadow spectrum PNG tilesheet applied to it - going from darkest tile to completely transparent. By default the darkest tile is drawn across the entire level on launch, covering all other layers etc. I am using my predetermined tile sizes (40 x 40px) to calculate the position of each tile and store its x and y coordinates in an array. I am then spawning a transparent 40 x 40px "grid block" entity at each position in the array The engine I'm using (ImpactJS) then allows me to calculate the distance from my light source entity to every instance of this grid block entity. I can then replace the tile underneath each of those grid block tiles with a tile of the appropriate transparency. Currently I'm doing the calculation like this in each instance of the grid block entity that is spawned on the map: var dist = this.distanceTo( ig.game.player ); var percentage = 100 * dist / 960; if (percentage < 2) { // Spawns tile 64 of the shadow spectrum tilesheet at the specified position ig.game.backgroundMaps[2].setTile( this.pos.x, this.pos.y, 64 ); } else if (percentage < 4) { ig.game.backgroundMaps[2].setTile( this.pos.x, this.pos.y, 63 ); } else if (percentage < 6) { ig.game.backgroundMaps[2].setTile( this.pos.x, this.pos.y, 62 ); } // etc... (sorry about the weird spacing, I still haven't gotten the hang of pasting code in here properly) The problem is that like I said, this type of calculation does not make the light source look very natural. Tile switching looks too sharp whereas ideally they would fade in and out smoothly using the spectrum tilesheet (I copied the tilesheet from another game that manages to do this, so I know it's not a problem with the tile shades. I'm just not sure how the other game is doing it). I'm thinking that perhaps my method of using percentages to switch out tiles could be replaced with a better/more dynamic proximity forumla of some sort that would allow for smoother transitions? Might anyone have any ideas for what I can do to improve the visuals here, or a better way of calculating proximity with the information I'm collecting about each tile? (PS: I'm reposting this from Stack Overflow at someone's suggestion, sorry about the duplicate!)

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  • Interpolating between two networked states?

    - by Vaughan Hilts
    I have many entities on the client side that are simulated (their velocities are added to their positions on a per frame basis) and I let them dead reckon themselves. They send updates about where they were last seen and their velocity changes. This works great and other players see this work find. However, after a while these players begin to desync after some time. This is because of latency. I'd like to know how I can interpolate between states so they appear to be in the correct position. I know where the player was LAST seen and their current velocity but interpolating to the last seen state causes the player to actually move -backwards-. I could not use velocity at all for other clients and simply 'lerp' them towards the appropriate direction but I feel this would cause jaggy movement. What are the alternatives?

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  • ConsumeStructuredBuffer, what am I doing wrong?

    - by John
    I'm trying to implement the 3rd exercise in chapter 12 of Introduction to 3D Game Programming with DirectX 11, that is: Implement a Compute Shader to calculate the length of 64 vectors. Previous exercises ask you to do the same with typed buffers and regular structured buffers and I had no problems with them. For what I've read, [Consume|Append]StructuredBuffers are bound to the pipeline using UnorderedAccessViews (as long as they use the D3D11_BUFFER_UAV_FLAG_APPEND, and the buffers have both D3D11_BIND_SHADER_RESOURCE and D3D11_BIND_UNORDERED_ACCESS bind flags). Problem is: my AppendStructuredBuffer works, since I can append data to it and retrieve it from the application to write to a results file, but the ConsumeStructuredBuffer always returns zeroed data. Data is in the buffer, since if I change the UAV to a ShaderResourceView and to a StructuredBuffer in the HLSL side it works. I don't know what I am missing: Should I initialize the ConsumeStructuredBuffer on the GPU, or can I do it when I create the buffer (as I amb currently doing). Is it OK to bind the buffer with a UAV as described above? Do I need to bind it as a ShaderResourceView somehow? Maybe I am missing some step? This is the declaration of buffers in the Compute Shader: struct Data { float3 v; }; struct Result { float l; }; ConsumeStructuredBuffer<Data> gInput; AppendStructuredBuffer<Result> gOutput; And here the creation of the buffer and UAV for input data: D3D11_BUFFER_DESC inputDesc; inputDesc.Usage = D3D11_USAGE_DEFAULT; inputDesc.ByteWidth = sizeof(Data) * mNumElements; inputDesc.BindFlags = D3D11_BIND_SHADER_RESOURCE | D3D11_BIND_UNORDERED_ACCESS; inputDesc.CPUAccessFlags = 0; inputDesc.StructureByteStride = sizeof(Data); inputDesc.MiscFlags = D3D11_RESOURCE_MISC_BUFFER_STRUCTURED; D3D11_SUBRESOURCE_DATA vinitData; vinitData.pSysMem = &data[0]; HR(md3dDevice->CreateBuffer(&inputDesc, &vinitData, &mInputBuffer)); D3D11_UNORDERED_ACCESS_VIEW_DESC uavDesc; uavDesc.Format = DXGI_FORMAT_UNKNOWN; uavDesc.ViewDimension = D3D11_UAV_DIMENSION_BUFFER; uavDesc.Buffer.FirstElement = 0; uavDesc.Buffer.Flags = D3D11_BUFFER_UAV_FLAG_APPEND; uavDesc.Buffer.NumElements = mNumElements; md3dDevice->CreateUnorderedAccessView(mInputBuffer, &uavDesc, &mInputUAV); Initial data is an array of Data structs, which contain a XMFLOAT3 with random data. I bind the UAV to the shader using the Effects framework: ID3DX11EffectUnorderedAccessViewVariable* Input = mFX->GetVariableByName("gInput")->AsUnorderedAccessView(); Input->SetUnorderedAccessView(uav); // uav is mInputUAV Any ideas? Thank you.

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  • How can I show a texture in a separate window in an XNA game?

    - by John
    I'm playing around with random map generation and what I want to do is: Input a command to generate a random map. A texture will be created resembling the generation, each pixel resembling each tile. A new window will pop-up, without removing the original one, that will contain the texture. I know how to do this except for the last part. Would someone please tell me how to create a new window and draw a texture to this window?

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  • How to code Time Stop or Bullet Time in a game?

    - by David Miler
    I am developing a single-player RPG platformer in XNA 4.0. I would like to add an ability that would make the time "stop" or slow down, and have only the player character move at the original speed(similar to the Time Stop spell from the Baldur's Gate series). I am not looking for an exact implementation, rather some general ideas and design-patterns. EDIT: Thanks all for the great input. I have come up with the following solution public void Update(GameTime gameTime) { GameTime newGameTime = new GameTime(gameTime.TotalGameTime, new TimeSpan(gameTime.ElapsedGameTime.Ticks / DESIRED_TIME_MODIFIER)); gameTime = newGameTime; or something along these lines. This way I can set a different time for the player component and different for the rest. It certainly is not universal enough to work for a game where warping time like this would be a central element, but I hope it should work for this case. I kinda dislike the fact that it litters the main Update loop, but it certainly is the easiest way to implement it. I guess that is essentialy the same as tesselode suggested, so I'm going to give him the green tick :)

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  • Making AI jump on a spot effectively

    - by Pasquale Sada
    How to calculate, in 3D environment, the closest point, from which an AI character can jump onto a platform? Setup I have an initial velocity V(Vx,Vy,VZ) and a spot where the character stands still at S(Sx,Sy,Sz). What I'm trying to achieve is a successful jump on a spot E(Ex,Ey,Ez) where you have clicked on(only lower or higher spot, because I've in place a simple steering behavior for even terrains). There are no obstacles around. I've implemented a formula that can make him jump in a precise way on a spot but you need to declare an angle: the problem arise when the selected spot is straight above your head. It' pretty lame that the char hang there and can reach a thing that is 1cm above is head. I'll share the code I'm using: Vector3 dir = target - transform.position; // get target direction float h = dir.y; // get height difference dir.y = 0; // retain only the horizontal direction float dist = dir.magnitude ; // get horizontal distance float a = angle * Mathf.Deg2Rad; // convert angle to radians dir.y = dist * Mathf.Tan(a); // set dir to the elevation angle dist += h / Mathf.Tan(a); // correct for small height differences // calculate the velocity magnitude float vel = Mathf.Sqrt(dist * Physics.gravity.magnitude / Mathf.Sin(2 *a)); return vel * dir.normalized; Ended up using the lowest angle (20 degree) and checking for collision on the trajectory. If found any increase the angle. Here some code (to improve the code maybe must stop the check at the highest point of the curve): Vector3 BallisticVel(Vector3 target, float angle) { Vector3 dir = target - transform.position; // get target direction float h = dir.y; // get height difference dir.y = 0; // retain only the horizontal direction float dist = dir.magnitude ; // get horizontal distance float a = angle * Mathf.Deg2Rad; // convert angle to radians dir.y = dist * Mathf.Tan(a); // set dir to the elevation angle dist += h / Mathf.Tan(a); // correct for small height differences // calculate the velocity magnitude float vel = Mathf.Sqrt(dist * Physics.gravity.magnitude / Mathf.Sin(2 * a)); return vel * dir.normalized; } Vector3 TrajectoryPoint(Vector3 startingPosition, Vector3 startingVelocity, float n ) { float t = 1/60 ; // seconds per time step Vector3 stepVelocity = t * startingVelocity; // m/s Vector3 stepGravity = t * t * Physics.gravity; // m/s/s return startingPosition + n * stepVelocity + 0.5f * (n*n+n) * stepGravity; } bool CheckTrajectory(Vector3 startingPosition,Vector3 target, float angle_jump) { Debug.Log("checking"); if(angle_jump < 80f) { Debug.Log("if"); Vector3 startingVelocity = BallisticVel(target, angle_jump); for (int i = 0; i < 180; i++) { //Debug.Log(i); Vector3 trajectoryPosition = TrajectoryPoint( startingPosition, startingVelocity, i ); if(Physics.Raycast(trajectoryPosition,Vector3.forward,safeDistance)) { angle_jump += 10; break; // restart loop with the new angle } else continue; } return true; JumpVelocity = BallisticVel(target, angle_jump); } return false; }

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  • Circle-Rectangle collision in a tile map game

    - by furiousd
    I am making a 2D tile map based putt-putt game. I have collision detection working between the ball and the walls of the map, although when the ball collides at the meeting point between 2 tiles I offset it by 0.5 so that it doesn't get stuck in the wall. This aint a huge issue though. if(y % 20 == 0) { y+=0.5; } if(x % 20 == 0) { x+=0.5; } Collisions work as follows Find the closest point between each tile and the center of the ball If distance(ball_x, ball_y, close_x, close_y) <= ball_radius and the closest point belongs to a solid object, collision has occured Invert X/Y speed according to side of object collided with The next thing I tried to do was implement floating blocks in the middle of the map for the ball to bounce off of. When a ball collides with a corner of the block, it gets stuck in it. So I changed my determineRebound() function to treat corners as if they were circles. Here's that functon: `i and j are indexes of the solid object in the 2d map array. x & y are centre point of ball.` void determineRebound(int _i, int _j) { if(y > _i*tile_w && y < _i*tile_w + tile_w) { //Not a corner xs*=-1; } else if(x > _j*tile_w && x < _j*tile_w + tile_w) { //Not a corner ys*=-1; } else { //Corner float nx = x - close_x; float ny = y - close_y; float len = sqrt(nx * nx + ny * ny); nx /= len; ny /= len; float projection = xs * nx + ys * ny; xs -= 2 * projection * nx; ys -= 2 * projection * ny; } } This is where things have gotten messy. Collisions with 'floating' corners work fine, but now when the ball collides near the meeting point of 2 tiles, it detects a corner collision and does not rebound as expected. I'm a bit in over my head at this point. I guess I'm wondering if I'm going about making this sort of game in the right way. Is a 2d tile map the way to go? If so, is there a problem with my collision logic and where am I going wrong? Any advice/feedback would be great.

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  • Pathfinding for fleeing

    - by Philipp
    As you know there are plenty of solutions when you wand to find the best path in a 2-dimensional environment which leads from point A to point B. But how do I calculate a path when an object is at point A, and wants to get away from point B, as fast and far as possible? A bit of background information: My game uses a 2d environment which isn't tile-based but has floating point accuracy. The movement is vector-based. The pathfinding is done by partitioning the game world into rectangles which are walkable or non-walkable and building a graph out of their corners. I already have pathfinding between points working by using Dijkstras algorithm. The use-case for the fleeing algorithm is that in certain situations, actors in my game should perceive another actor as a danger and flee from it. The trivial solution would be to just move the actor in a vector in the direction which is opposite from the threat until a "safe" distance was reached or the actor reaches a wall where it then covers in fear. The problem with this approach is that actors will be blocked by small obstacles they could easily get around. As long as moving along the wall wouldn't bring them closer to the threat they could do that, but it would look smarter when they would avoid obstacles in the first place: Another problem I see is with dead ends in the map geometry. In some situations a being must choose between a path which gets it faster away now but ends in a dead end where it would be trapped, or another path which would mean that it wouldn't get that far away from the danger at first (or even a bit closer) but on the other hand would have a much greater long-term reward in that it would eventually get them much further away. So the short-term reward of getting away fast must be somehow valued against the long-term reward of getting away far. There is also another rating problem for situations where an actor should accept to move closer to a minor threat to get away from a much larger threat. But completely ignoring all minor threats would be foolish, too (that's why the actor in this graphic goes out of its way to avoid the minor threat in the upper right area): Are there any standard solutions for this problem?

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  • Normal map lighting bug in bottom right quadrant

    - by Ryan Capote
    I am currently working on getting normal maps working in my project, and have run into a problem with lighting. As you can see, the normals in the bottom right quadrant of the lighting isn't calculating the correct direction to the light or something. Best seen by the red light If I use flat normals (z normal = 1.0), it seems to be working fine: normals for the tile sheet: Shader: #version 330 uniform sampler2D uDiffuseTexture; uniform sampler2D uNormalsTexture; uniform sampler2D uSpecularTexture; uniform sampler2D uEmissiveTexture; uniform sampler2D uWorldNormals; uniform sampler2D uShadowMap; uniform vec4 uLightColor; uniform float uConstAtten; uniform float uLinearAtten; uniform float uQuadradicAtten; uniform float uColorIntensity; in vec2 TexCoords; in vec2 GeomSize; out vec4 FragColor; float sample(vec2 coord, float r) { return step(r, texture2D(uShadowMap, coord).r); } float occluded() { float PI = 3.14; vec2 normalized = TexCoords.st * 2.0 - 1.0; float theta = atan(normalized.y, normalized.x); float r = length(normalized); float coord = (theta + PI) / (2.0 * PI); vec2 tc = vec2(coord, 0.0); float center = sample(tc, r); float sum = 0.0; float blur = (1.0 / GeomSize.x) * smoothstep(0.0, 1.0, r); sum += sample(vec2(tc.x - 4.0*blur, tc.y), r) * 0.05; sum += sample(vec2(tc.x - 3.0*blur, tc.y), r) * 0.09; sum += sample(vec2(tc.x - 2.0*blur, tc.y), r) * 0.12; sum += sample(vec2(tc.x - 1.0*blur, tc.y), r) * 0.15; sum += center * 0.16; sum += sample(vec2(tc.x + 1.0*blur, tc.y), r) * 0.15; sum += sample(vec2(tc.x + 2.0*blur, tc.y), r) * 0.12; sum += sample(vec2(tc.x + 3.0*blur, tc.y), r) * 0.09; sum += sample(vec2(tc.x + 4.0*blur, tc.y), r) * 0.05; return sum * smoothstep(1.0, 0.0, r); } float calcAttenuation(float distance) { float linearAtten = uLinearAtten * distance; float quadAtten = uQuadradicAtten * distance * distance; float attenuation = 1.0 / (uConstAtten + linearAtten + quadAtten); return attenuation; } vec3 calcFragPosition(void) { return vec3(TexCoords*GeomSize, 0.0); } vec3 calcLightPosition(void) { return vec3(GeomSize/2.0, 0.0); } float calcDistance(vec3 fragPos, vec3 lightPos) { return length(fragPos - lightPos); } vec3 calcLightDirection(vec3 fragPos, vec3 lightPos) { return normalize(lightPos - fragPos); } vec4 calcFinalLight(vec2 worldUV, vec3 lightDir, float attenuation) { float diffuseFactor = dot(normalize(texture2D(uNormalsTexture, worldUV).rgb), lightDir); vec4 diffuse = vec4(0.0); vec4 lightColor = uLightColor * uColorIntensity; if(diffuseFactor > 0.0) { diffuse = vec4(texture2D(uDiffuseTexture, worldUV.xy).rgb, 1.0); diffuse *= diffuseFactor; lightColor *= diffuseFactor; } else { discard; } vec4 final = (diffuse + lightColor); if(texture2D(uWorldNormals, worldUV).g > 0.0) { return final * attenuation; } else { return final * occluded(); } } void main(void) { vec3 fragPosition = calcFragPosition(); vec3 lightPosition = calcLightPosition(); float distance = calcDistance(fragPosition, lightPosition); float attenuation = calcAttenuation(distance); vec2 worldPos = gl_FragCoord.xy / vec2(1024, 768); vec3 lightDir = calcLightDirection(fragPosition, lightPosition); lightDir = (lightDir*0.5)+0.5; float atten = calcAttenuation(distance); vec4 emissive = texture2D(uEmissiveTexture, worldPos); FragColor = calcFinalLight(worldPos, lightDir, atten) + emissive; }

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  • Sprite transparency not effected libGDX

    - by Aon GoltzCrank
    I am making a game using libGDX and Tween Universal Engine. My problem is as follows: I have 2 screens so fars, a splash screen with the logo, and a second one which is the main menu. In the splash screen I use a SpriteBatch and a Sprite with the Texture of the image I want (which goes through some scaling.) Now I use the Tween engine, along with a created SpriteAccessor to control the alpha of the sprite. I fade the picture in, then fade it out, then change it to the next screen. In the next screen I have a single sprite, and a single, 3 slot, sprite array. In this screen I also use the tween engine, I fade the single sprite into the screen (it's the background image) then I try to, using the same method, (Tween.to) to change the alpah of the sprite array (each sprite by itself.), I first set it to 0 using Tween.set, then using the method I change it. This didn't work, after some tests I tried setting the alpha of a single sprite from the array to 0, and that didn't work. It's like the program is ignoring the alpha value, I even printed out the alpha value, it saying 0, but the sprite is visible. How can I fix this, or why might it be caused?

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  • Any significant performance cost to using BlendState.Premultiplied?

    - by Donutz
    Normally I guess you'd use BlendState.AlphaBlend because normally when you load your textures through the pipeline they're already premultiplied. However, if you're loading textures at runtime from PNGs or some such, you have to loop through the pixels and premultiply them, which can take a long time if you've got a lot of textures to load. So it looks (haven't tried it) like using BlendState.Premultiplied instead of BlendState.AlphaBlend should handle non-premultiplied textures and produce the same visual result, without all the startup costs. I have to wonder if there's a non-obvious cost to doing this, like a huge drop in performance or something. Anyone know?

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  • How can I achieve strong typing with a component messaging system?

    - by Vaughan Hilts
    I'm looking at implementing a messaging system in my entity component system. I've deduced that I can use an event / queue for passing messages, but right now, I just use a generic object and cast out the data I want. I also considered using a dictionary. I see a lot of information on this, but they all involve a lot of casting and guessing. Is there any way to do this elegantly and keep strong typing on my messages?

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  • Automatically triggering standard spaceship controls to stop its motion

    - by Garan
    I have been working on a 2D top-down space strategy/shooting game. Right now it is only in the prototyping stage (I have gotten basic movement) but now I am trying to write a function that will stop the ship based on it's velocity. This is being written in Lua, using the Love2D engine. My code is as follows (note- object.dx is the x-velocity, object.dy is the y-velocity, object.acc is the acceleration, and object.r is the rotation in radians): function stopMoving(object, dt) local targetr = math.atan2(object.dy, object.dx) if targetr == object.r + math.pi then local currentspeed = math.sqrt(object.dx*object.dx+object.dy*object.dy) if currentspeed ~= 0 then object.dx = object.dx + object.acc*dt*math.cos(object.r) object.dy = object.dy + object.acc*dt*math.sin(object.r) end else if (targetr - object.r) >= math.pi then object.r = object.r - object.turnspeed*dt else object.r = object.r + object.turnspeed*dt end end end It is implemented in the update function as: if love.keyboard.isDown("backspace") then stopMoving(player, dt) end The problem is that when I am holding down backspace, it spins the player clockwise (though I am trying to have it go the direction that would be the most efficient at getting to the angle it would have to be) and then it never starts to accelerate the player in the direction opposite to it's velocity. What should I change in this code to get that to work? EDIT : I'm not trying to just stop the player in place, I'm trying to get it to use it's normal commands to neutralize it's existing velocity. I also changed math.atan to math.atan2, apparently it's better. I noticed no difference when running it, though.

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  • XNA 4.0 2D sidescroller variable terrain heightmap for walking/collision

    - by JiminyCricket
    I've been fooling around with moving on sloped tiles in XNA and it is semi-working but not completely satisfactory. I also have been thinking that having sets of predetermined slopes might not give me terrain that looks "organic" enough. There is also the problem of having to construct several different types of tile for each slope when they're chained together (only 45 degree tiles will chain perfectly as I understand it). I had thought of somehow scanning for connected chains of sloped tiles and treating it as a new large triangle, as I was having trouble with glitching at the edges where sloped tiles connect. But, this leads back to the problem of limiting the curvature of the terrain. So...what I'd like to do now is create a simple image or texture of the terrain of a level (or section of the level) and generate a simple heightmap (of the Y's for each X) for the terrain. The player's Y position would then just be updated based on their X position. Is there a simple way of doing this (or a better way of solving this problem)? The main problem I can see with this method is the case where there are areas above the ground that can be walked on. Maybe there is a way to just map all walkable ground areas? I've been looking at this helpful bit of code: http://thirdpartyninjas.com/blog/2010/07/28/sloped-platform-collision/ but need a way to generate the actual points/vectors.

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