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• Unable to Call Instantiate in Class Member Function

  - by onguarde

  The following javascript is attached to a gameObject. var instance : GameObject; class eg_class { function eg_func(){ var thePrefab : GameObject; instance = Instantiate(thePrefab); } } Error, Unknown identifier: 'instance'. Unknown identifier: 'Instantiate'. Questions, 1) Why is it that "instance" cannot be accessed within a class? Isn't it supposed to be a public variable? 2) "Instantiate" function works in Start()/Update() root functions. Is there a way to make it work from within member functions? Thanks in advance!

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• Techniques for separating game model from presentation

  - by liortal

  I am creating a simple 2D game using XNA. The elements that make up the game world are what i refer to as the "model". For instance, in a board game, i would have a GameBoard class that stores information about the board. This information could be things such as: Location Size Details about cells on the board (occupied/not occupied) etc This object should either know how to draw itself, or describe how to draw itself to some other entity (renderer) in order to be displayed. I believe that since the board only contains the data+logic for things regarding it or cells on it, it should not provide the logic of how to draw things (separation of concerns). How can i achieve a good partitioning and easily allow some other entity to draw it properly? My motivations for doing so are: Allow multiple "implementations" of presentation for a single game entity Easier porting to other environments where the presentation code is not available (for example - porting my code to Unity or other game technology that does not rely on XNA).

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• Applying prerecorded animations to models with the same skeleton

  - by Jeremias Pflaumbaum

  well my question sounds a bit like, how do I apply mo-cap animations to my model, but thats not really it I guess. Animations and model share the same skeleton, but the models vary in size and proportion, but I still want to be able to apply any animation to any model. I think this should be possible since the models got the same skeleton bone structure and the bones are always in the same area only their position varies from model to model. In particular Im trying to apply this to 2D characters that got 2arm, 2legs, a head and a body, but if you got anything related to that topic even if its 3D related or keywords, articles, books whatever Im gratefull for everything cause Im a bit stuck at the moment. cheers Jery

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• Which opcodes are faster at the CPU level?

  - by Geotarget

  In every programming language there are sets of opcodes that are recommended over others. I've tried to list them here, in order of speed. Bitwise Integer Addition / Subtraction Integer Multiplication / Division Comparison Control flow Float Addition / Subtraction Float Multiplication / Division Where you need high-performance code, C++ can be hand optimized in assembly, to use SIMD instructions or more efficient control flow, data types, etc. So I'm trying to understand if the data type (int32 / float32 / float64) or the operation used (*, +, &) affects performance at the CPU level. Is a single multiply slower on the CPU than an addition? In MCU theory you learn that speed of opcodes is determined by the number of CPU cycles it takes to execute. So does it mean that multiply takes 4 cycles and add takes 2? Exactly what are the speed characteristics of the basic math and control flow opcodes? If two opcodes take the same number of cycles to execute, then both can be used interchangeably without any performance gain / loss? Any other technical details you can share regarding x86 CPU performance is appreciated

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• Which will be faster? Switching shaders or ignore that some cases don't need full code?

  - by PolGraphic

  I have two types of 2d objects: In first case (for about 70% of objects), I need that code in the shader: float2 texCoord = input.TexCoord + textureCoord.xy But in the second case I have to use: float2 texCoord = fmod(input.TexCoord, texCoordM.xy - textureCoord.xy) + textureCoord.xy I can use second code also for first case, but it will be a little slower (fmod is useless here, input.TexCoord will be always lower than textureCoord.xy - textureCoord.xy for sure). My question is, which way will be faster: Making two independent shaders for both types of rectangles, group rectangles by types and switch shaders during rendering. Make one shader and use some if statement. Make one shader and ignore that sometimes (70% of cases) I don't need to use fmod.

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• Generated 3d tree meshes

  - by Jari Komppa

  I did not find a question on these lines yet, correct me if I'm wrong. Trees (and fauna in general) are common in games. Due to their nature, they are a good candidate for procedural generation. There's SpeedTree, of course, if you can afford it; as far as I can tell, it doesn't provide the possibility of generating your tree meshes at runtime. Then there's SnappyTree, an online webgl based tree generator based on the proctree.js which is some ~500 lines of javascript. One could use either of above (or some other tree generator I haven't stumbled upon) to create a few dozen tree meshes beforehand - or model them from scratch in a 3d modeller - and then randomly mirror/scale them for a few more variants.. But I'd rather have a free, linkable tree mesh generator. Possible solutions: Port proctree.js to c++ and deal with the open source license (doesn't seem to be gpl, so could be doable; the author may also be willing to co-operate to make the license even more free). Roll my own based on L-systems. Don't bother, just use offline generated trees. Use some other method I haven't found yet.

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• Balancing agressive invites

  - by Nils Munch

  I am designing a trading card game for mobiles, with the possibility to add cards to your collection using Gems, aquired through victories and inapp purchases. I am thinking to increase the spread of the game with a tracking system on game invites, enabling the user to invite a friend to play the game. If the friend doesn't own the game client (which is free) he will be offered to download it. If he joins the game, the original player earns X amount of gems as an reward. There can only be one player per mobile device, which should rule out some harvesting. My question is, how do you think the structure of this would be recieved ? All invites are mail based, unless the player already exists in the game world (then he gets a ingame invitation.) I have set a flood filter, so a player can only invite a friend (without the client installed) once a month.

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• Normal map lighting bug in bottom right quadrant

  - by Ryan Capote

  I am currently working on getting normal maps working in my project, and have run into a problem with lighting. As you can see, the normals in the bottom right quadrant of the lighting isn't calculating the correct direction to the light or something. Best seen by the red light If I use flat normals (z normal = 1.0), it seems to be working fine: normals for the tile sheet: Shader: #version 330 uniform sampler2D uDiffuseTexture; uniform sampler2D uNormalsTexture; uniform sampler2D uSpecularTexture; uniform sampler2D uEmissiveTexture; uniform sampler2D uWorldNormals; uniform sampler2D uShadowMap; uniform vec4 uLightColor; uniform float uConstAtten; uniform float uLinearAtten; uniform float uQuadradicAtten; uniform float uColorIntensity; in vec2 TexCoords; in vec2 GeomSize; out vec4 FragColor; float sample(vec2 coord, float r) { return step(r, texture2D(uShadowMap, coord).r); } float occluded() { float PI = 3.14; vec2 normalized = TexCoords.st * 2.0 - 1.0; float theta = atan(normalized.y, normalized.x); float r = length(normalized); float coord = (theta + PI) / (2.0 * PI); vec2 tc = vec2(coord, 0.0); float center = sample(tc, r); float sum = 0.0; float blur = (1.0 / GeomSize.x) * smoothstep(0.0, 1.0, r); sum += sample(vec2(tc.x - 4.0*blur, tc.y), r) * 0.05; sum += sample(vec2(tc.x - 3.0*blur, tc.y), r) * 0.09; sum += sample(vec2(tc.x - 2.0*blur, tc.y), r) * 0.12; sum += sample(vec2(tc.x - 1.0*blur, tc.y), r) * 0.15; sum += center * 0.16; sum += sample(vec2(tc.x + 1.0*blur, tc.y), r) * 0.15; sum += sample(vec2(tc.x + 2.0*blur, tc.y), r) * 0.12; sum += sample(vec2(tc.x + 3.0*blur, tc.y), r) * 0.09; sum += sample(vec2(tc.x + 4.0*blur, tc.y), r) * 0.05; return sum * smoothstep(1.0, 0.0, r); } float calcAttenuation(float distance) { float linearAtten = uLinearAtten * distance; float quadAtten = uQuadradicAtten * distance * distance; float attenuation = 1.0 / (uConstAtten + linearAtten + quadAtten); return attenuation; } vec3 calcFragPosition(void) { return vec3(TexCoords*GeomSize, 0.0); } vec3 calcLightPosition(void) { return vec3(GeomSize/2.0, 0.0); } float calcDistance(vec3 fragPos, vec3 lightPos) { return length(fragPos - lightPos); } vec3 calcLightDirection(vec3 fragPos, vec3 lightPos) { return normalize(lightPos - fragPos); } vec4 calcFinalLight(vec2 worldUV, vec3 lightDir, float attenuation) { float diffuseFactor = dot(normalize(texture2D(uNormalsTexture, worldUV).rgb), lightDir); vec4 diffuse = vec4(0.0); vec4 lightColor = uLightColor * uColorIntensity; if(diffuseFactor > 0.0) { diffuse = vec4(texture2D(uDiffuseTexture, worldUV.xy).rgb, 1.0); diffuse *= diffuseFactor; lightColor *= diffuseFactor; } else { discard; } vec4 final = (diffuse + lightColor); if(texture2D(uWorldNormals, worldUV).g > 0.0) { return final * attenuation; } else { return final * occluded(); } } void main(void) { vec3 fragPosition = calcFragPosition(); vec3 lightPosition = calcLightPosition(); float distance = calcDistance(fragPosition, lightPosition); float attenuation = calcAttenuation(distance); vec2 worldPos = gl_FragCoord.xy / vec2(1024, 768); vec3 lightDir = calcLightDirection(fragPosition, lightPosition); lightDir = (lightDir*0.5)+0.5; float atten = calcAttenuation(distance); vec4 emissive = texture2D(uEmissiveTexture, worldPos); FragColor = calcFinalLight(worldPos, lightDir, atten) + emissive; }

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• Cocos2d: Moving background on update: offsett issue

  - by mm24

  working with Objective C, iOS and Cocos2d I am developing a vertical scrolling shooter game for iPhone (retina display models with 640 width x 960 height pixel resolution). My basic algorithm works as following: I create two instances of an image that has exactly 640 width x 960 height pixel of resolution, which we will call imageA and imageB I then set the two imags with exactly 480.0f of offset from each other, as the screenSize of a CCScene is set by default to 480.0f. At each update method call I move the two images by the same value. I make sure that their offsett stays to 480.0f However when running the game I see a 1 pixel height line between the two images. This literally bugs me and would like to adjust this. What am I doing wrong? This is a zoom in on the background when the "offsett line" is visible. The white line you can see divides the two background images and is not meant to exist as both images are completely black :): If I change the yPositionOfSecondElement value to 479.0f until the first loop the two images overlap correctly, but as soon as the loop starts the two images starts having an offsett of -1.0f. Here is the initialization code: -(void) init { //... screenHeight = 480.0f; yPositionOfSecondElement= screenHeight;//I tried subtracting an offsett of -1 but eventually the image would go wrong again yPositionOfFirstElement = 0.0f; loopedBackgroundImageInstanceA = [BackgroundLoopedImage loopImageForLevel:levelName]; loopedBackgroundImageInstanceA.anchorPoint = CGPointMake(0.5f, 0.0f); loopedBackgroundImageInstanceA.position = CGPointMake(160.0f, yPositionOfFirstElement); [node addChild:loopedBackgroundImageInstanceA z:zLevelBackground]; //loopedBackgroundImageInstanceA.color= ccRED; loopedBackgroundImageInstanceB = [BackgroundLoopedImage loopImageForLevel:levelName]; loopedBackgroundImageInstanceB.anchorPoint = CGPointMake(0.5f, 0.0f); loopedBackgroundImageInstanceB.position = CGPointMake(160.0f, yPositionOfSecondElement); [node addChild:loopedBackgroundImageInstanceB z:zLevelBackground]; //.... } And here is the move code called at each update: -(void) moveBackgroundSprites:(BackgroundLoopedImage*)imageA :(BackgroundLoopedImage*)imageB :(ccTime)delta { isEligibleToMove=false; //This is done to avoid rounding errors float yStep = delta * [GameController sharedGameController].currentBackgroundSpeed; NSString* formattedNumber = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%.02f", yStep]; yStep = atof([formattedNumber UTF8String]); //First should adjust position of images [self adjustPosition:imageA :imageB]; //The can get the actual image position CGPoint posA = imageA.position; CGPoint posB = imageB.position; //Here could verify if the checksum is equal to the required difference (should be 479.0f) if (![self verifyCheckSum:posA :posB]) { CCLOG(@"does not comply A"); } //At this stage can compute the hypotetical new position CGPoint newPosA = CGPointMake(posA.x, posA.y - yStep); CGPoint newPosB = CGPointMake(posB.x, posB.y - yStep); // Reposition stripes when they're out of bounds if (newPosA.y <= -yPositionOfSecondElement) { newPosA.y = yPositionOfSecondElement; [imageA shuffle]; if (timeElapsed>=endTime && hasReachedEndLevel==FALSE) { hasReachedEndLevel=TRUE; shouldMoveImageEnd=TRUE; } } else if (newPosB.y <= -yPositionOfSecondElement) { newPosB.y = yPositionOfSecondElement; [imageB shuffle]; if (timeElapsed>=endTime && hasReachedEndLevel==FALSE) { hasReachedEndLevel=TRUE; shouldMoveImageEnd=TRUE; } } //Here should verify that the check sum is equal to 479.0f if (![self verifyCheckSum:posA :posB]) { CCLOG(@"does not comply B"); } imageA.position = newPosA; imageB.position = newPosB; //Here could verify that the check sum is equal to 479.0f if (![self verifyCheckSum:posA :posB]) { CCLOG(@"does not comply C"); } isEligibleToMove=true; } -(BOOL) verifyCheckSum:(CGPoint)posA :(CGPoint)posB { BOOL comply = false; float sum = 0.0f; if (posA.y > posB.y) { sum = posA.y - posB.y; } else if (posB.y > posA.y){ sum = posB.y - posA.y; } else{ return false; } if (sum!=yPositionOfSecondElement) { comply= false; } else{ comply=true; } return comply; } And here is what happens on the update: if(shouldMoveImageA && shouldMoveImageB) { if (isEligibleToMove) { [self moveBackgroundSprites:loopedBackgroundImageInstanceA :loopedBackgroundImageInstanceB :delta]; } Forget about shouldMoveImageA and shouldMoveImageB, this is just for when the background reaches the end of level, this works.

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• Algorithm to shoot at a target in a 3d game

  - by Sebastian Bugiu

  For those of you remembering Descent Freespace it had a nice feature to help you aim at the enemy when shooting non-homing missiles or lasers: it showed a crosshair in front of the ship you chased telling you where to shoot in order to hit the moving target. I tried using the answer from http://stackoverflow.com/questions/4107403/ai-algorithm-to-shoot-at-a-target-in-a-2d-game?lq=1 but it's for 2D so I tried adapting it. I first decomposed the calculation to solve the intersection point for XoZ plane and saved the x and z coordinates and then solving the intersection point for XoY plane and adding the y coordinate to a final xyz that I then transformed to clipspace and put a texture at those coordinates. But of course it doesn't work as it should or else I wouldn't have posted the question. From what I notice the after finding x in XoZ plane and the in XoY the x is not the same so something must be wrong. float a = ENG_Math.sqr(targetVelocity.x) + ENG_Math.sqr(targetVelocity.y) - ENG_Math.sqr(projectileSpeed); float b = 2.0f * (targetVelocity.x * targetPos.x + targetVelocity.y * targetPos.y); float c = ENG_Math.sqr(targetPos.x) + ENG_Math.sqr(targetPos.y); ENG_Math.solveQuadraticEquation(a, b, c, collisionTime); First time targetVelocity.y is actually targetVelocity.z (the same for targetPos) and the second time it's actually targetVelocity.y. The final position after XoZ is crossPosition.set(minTime * finalEntityVelocity.x + finalTargetPos4D.x, 0.0f, minTime * finalEntityVelocity.z + finalTargetPos4D.z); and after XoY crossPosition.y = minTime * finalEntityVelocity.y + finalTargetPos4D.y; Is my approach of separating into 2 planes and calculating any good? Or for 3D there is a whole different approach? sqr() is square not sqrt - avoiding a confusion.

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• Best peer-to-peer game architecture

  - by Dejw

  Consider a setup where game clients: have quite small computing resources (mobile devices, smartphones) are all connected to a common router (LAN, hotspot etc) The users want to play a multiplayer game, without an external server. One solution is to host an authoritative server on one phone, which in this case would be also a client. Considering point 1 this solution is not acceptable, since the phone's computing resources are not sufficient. So, I want to design a peer-to-peer architecture that will distribute the game's simulation load among the clients. Because of point 2 the system needn't be complex with regards to optimization; the latency will be very low. Each client can be an authoritative source of data about himself and his immediate environment (for example bullets.) What would be the best approach to designing such an architecture? Are there any known examples of such a LAN-level peer-to-peer protocol? Notes: Some of the problems are addressed here, but the concepts listed there are too high-level for me. Security I know that not having one authoritative server is a security issue, but it is not relevant in this case as I'm willing to trust the clients. Edit: I forgot to mention: it will be a rather fast-paced game (a shooter). Also, I have already read about networking architectures at Gaffer on Games.

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• How to make it so units don't stack up in one location?

  - by Daggio

  So I'm making a game in AS3, it's a strategy DotA-like game (for flash game equivalent, there's UDE) so far so good, I have the A* pathfinding algorithm all sorted out and the minion units move to the desired location as I want them to be. The problem a rise when a unit stops in a node that has already occupied by another friendly unit. Both (or more than two) of them stacks up in one location, it looks like they're one unit. I want to add collision detection so when they collide they don't stack up together. But now they stop when they collide on they way to a node. This isn't good because they won't move at all midway (they won't respond to enemy attacks like that). I've added a deltatime so they only stopped for 2 seconds before they move again to their designated designation. This moves them again but they flicker. Not how I want it. So, like the title said. How to make more than one units don't stack up in a node? And if possible, how to make them not flicker while moving (it's good if they can tell other friendly units on the way and avoid them accordingly)?

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• HLSL: Pack 4 values into 32 bit float.

  - by TheBigO

  I can't find any useful information on packing 4 values into a 32 bit float in HLSL. Ideally, what I want to be able to do in HLSL is: float4 values = ... // Some values where each component is between 0 and 1. float packedValues = pack32R(values); float4 values2 = unpack32R(packedValues); I realize that there will be precision limitations, and performance tradeoffs between different precisions in different methods. I'm just wondering what ideas are out there.

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• Why doesn't my texture display with this GLSL shader?

  - by Chewy Gumball

  I am trying to display a DXT1 compressed texture on a quad using a VBO and shaders, but I have been unable to get it working. All I get is a black square. I know my texture is uploaded properly because when I use immediate mode without shaders the texture displays fine but I will include that part just in case. Also, when I change the gl_FragColor to something like vec4 (0.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0) then I get a nice blue quad so I know that my shader is able to set the colour. It appears to be either the texture is not being bound correctly in the shader or the texture coordinates are not being picked up. However, I can't find the error! What am I doing wrong? I am using OpenTK in C# (not xna). Vertex Shader: void main() { gl_TexCoord[0] = gl_MultiTexCoord0; // Set the position of the current vertex gl_Position = gl_ModelViewProjectionMatrix * gl_Vertex; } Fragment Shader: uniform sampler2D diffuseTexture; void main() { // Set the output color of our current pixel gl_FragColor = texture2D(diffuseTexture, gl_TexCoord[0].st); //gl_FragColor = vec4 (0.0,1.0,1.0,1.0); } Drawing Code: int vb, eb; GL.GenBuffers(1, out vb); GL.GenBuffers(1, out eb); // Position Texture float[] verts = { 0.1f, 0.1f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.9f, 0.1f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.9f, 1.9f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 0.1f, 1.9f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f }; uint[] indices = { 0, 1, 2, 0, 2, 3 }; //upload data to the VBO GL.BindBuffer(BufferTarget.ArrayBuffer, vb); GL.BindBuffer(BufferTarget.ElementArrayBuffer, eb); GL.BufferData(BufferTarget.ArrayBuffer, (IntPtr)(verts.Length * sizeof(float)), verts, BufferUsageHint.StaticDraw); GL.BufferData(BufferTarget.ElementArrayBuffer, (IntPtr)(indices.Length * sizeof(uint)), indices, BufferUsageHint.StaticDraw); //Upload texture int buffer = GL.GenTexture(); GL.BindTexture(TextureTarget.Texture2D, buffer); GL.TexParameter(TextureTarget.Texture2D, TextureParameterName.TextureWrapS, (float)TextureWrapMode.Repeat); GL.TexParameter(TextureTarget.Texture2D, TextureParameterName.TextureWrapT, (float)TextureWrapMode.Repeat); GL.TexParameter(TextureTarget.Texture2D, TextureParameterName.TextureMagFilter, (float)TextureMagFilter.Linear); GL.TexParameter(TextureTarget.Texture2D, TextureParameterName.TextureMinFilter, (float)TextureMinFilter.Linear); GL.TexEnv(TextureEnvTarget.TextureEnv, TextureEnvParameter.TextureEnvMode, (float)TextureEnvMode.Modulate); GL.CompressedTexImage2D(TextureTarget.Texture2D, 0, texture.format, texture.width, texture.height, 0, texture.data.Length, texture.data); //Draw GL.UseProgram(shaderProgram); GL.EnableClientState(ArrayCap.VertexArray); GL.EnableClientState(ArrayCap.TextureCoordArray); GL.VertexPointer(3, VertexPointerType.Float, 5 * sizeof(float), 0); GL.TexCoordPointer(2, TexCoordPointerType.Float, 5 * sizeof(float), 3); GL.ActiveTexture(TextureUnit.Texture0); GL.Uniform1(GL.GetUniformLocation(shaderProgram, "diffuseTexture"), 0); GL.DrawElements(BeginMode.Triangles, indices.Length, DrawElementsType.UnsignedInt, 0);

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• Tips and Tools for creating Spritesheet animations

  - by Spooks

  I am looking for a tool that I can use to create sprite sheet easily. Right now I am using Illustrator, but I can never get the center of the character in the exact position, so it looks like it is moving around(even though its always in one place), while being loop through the sprite sheet. Is there any better tools that I can be using? Also what kind of tips would you give for working with a sprite sheet? Should I create each part of the character in individual layers (left arm, right arm, body, etc.) or everything at once? any other tips would also be helpful! thank you

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• What would be the best mean for a gui with a lot of FX in Unity

  - by Lionel Barret

  The game I am working on (we are in R&D) is based almost exclusively on a windowed gui with a lot of FX (fading, growing, etc). We will also likely need custom widgets (like a sound recording graph). The game will be made with Unity and from what I heard, the default gui system has quite a bad rep, it is too slow for many usages. So, I wondering what would be the best way to do what we need.

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• SFML 2.0 Too Many Variables in Class Preventing Draw To Screen

  - by Josh

  This is a very strange phenomenon to me. I have a class definition for a game, but when I add another variable to the class, the draw method does not print everything to the screen. It will be easier understood showing the code and output. Code for good draw output: class board { protected: RectangleShape rect; int top, left; int i, j; int rowSelect, columnSelect; CircleShape circleArr[4][10]; CircleShape codeArr[4]; CircleShape keyArr[4][10]; //int pegPresent[4]; public: board(void); void draw(RenderWindow& Window); int mouseOver(RenderWindow& Window); void placePeg(RenderWindow& Window, int pegSelect); }; Screen: Code for missing draw: class board { protected: RectangleShape rect; int top, left; int i, j; int rowSelect, columnSelect; CircleShape circleArr[4][10]; CircleShape codeArr[4]; CircleShape keyArr[4][10]; int pegPresent[4]; public: board(void); void draw(RenderWindow& Window); int mouseOver(RenderWindow& Window); void placePeg(RenderWindow& Window, int pegSelect); }; Screen: As you can see, all I do is un-comment the protected array and most of the pegs are gone from the right hand side. I have checked and made sure that I didn't accidentally created a variable with that name already. I haven't used it anywhere. Why does it not draw the remaining pegs as it should? My only thought is that maybe I am declaring too many variables for the class, but that doesn't really make sense to me. Any thoughts and help is greatly appreciated.

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• 2-d lighting day/night cycle

  - by Richard

  Off the back of this post in which I asked two questions and received one answer, which I accepted as a valid answer. I have decided to re-ask the outstanding question. I have implemented light points with shadow casting as shown here but I would like an overall map light with no point/light source. The map setup is a top-down 2-d 50X50 pixel grid. How would I go about implementing a day/night cycle lighting across a map?

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• How to modify VBO data

  - by Romeo

  I am learning LWJGL so i can start working on my game. In order to learn LWJGL I got the idea to implement the map builder so I can get comfortable with graphics programming. Now, for the map creation tool I need to draw new elements or draw the old one's with different coordinates. Let me explain this: My game will be a 2D scroller. The map will be consisting of multiple rectangles ( 2 strip triangles). When I click my left-mouse button i want to start the rectangle and when I release it I want to stop the rectangle bottom-right at that position. As I want to use VBOs I want to know how to modify data inside the VBO based on user input. Should i have a copy of a vertex array and then add the whole array to the VBO at each user input? How is usually implemented the VBO update?

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• Drawing a sprite or text causes the OpenGl rendering to 'disappear' in SFML

  - by Ken

  I'm using some SFML built in functions to draw sprites and text as an overlay on top of some OpenGL rending in an SFML RenderWindow. The opengl rendering appears fine until I add the code to draw the sprites or text. The sprite or text drawing causes the OpenGL stuff to disappear. The follow code show what I'm trying to do sf::RenderWindow window(sf::VideoMode(viewport.width,viewport.height,32), "SFML Window"); glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION); glLoadIdentity(); glOrtho(0,viewport.width,0,viewport.height,0,1); while (window.pollEvent(Event)) { //event handling... //begin drawing glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT); glBegin(GL_TRIANGLES); glColor3f(col.x,col.y,col.z); for(int i=0;i<3;i++) glVertex2f(pos.x+verts[i].x,pos.y+verts[i].y); glEnd(); // adding this line causes all the previous opengl triangles not to appear window.draw("Sometext"); window.display(); }

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• How to optimise mesh data

  - by Wardy

  So i have some procedurally generated mesh data and i want to reduce it down to its minimum number of verts. In case it matters this is a unity project. Working on the basis of a simple example, lets assume a typical flat surface of points 2 by 3. The point / vertex at [1,1] is used in many triangles. I've generated mesh for a voxel type engine that adds verts to a list based on face visiblility and now I want to remove all the duplicates. Can anyone come up with an efficient way of doing this because what i have is sooo bad its not even funny (and i don't even think it's logically correct) ... private void Optimize() { Vector3 v; Vector3 v2; for (int i = 0; i < Vertices.Count; i++) { v = Vertices[i]; for (int j = i+1; j < Vertices.Count; j++) { v2 = Vertices[j]; if (v.x == v2.x && v.y == v2.y && v.z == v2.z) { for (int ind = 0; ind < Indices.Count; ind++) { if (Indices[ind] == j) { Indices[ind] = i; } else if (Indices[ind] > j && Indices[ind] > 0) Indices[ind]--; } Vertices.RemoveAt(j); Uvs.RemoveAt(j); Normals.RemoveAt(j); } } } } EDIT: Ok i managed to get this (code sample above updated) to render an "optimised" set of verts but the UV data is all wrong now, which would make sense because i'm basically just removing any UV Vector that represents a UV coord for a removed vert and not actually considering what I need to do to "fix the tri" so to speak. The code now seemingly does work but its quite time consuming, still looking to further optimise.

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• Is there a way to use the facebook sdk with libgdx?

  - by Rudy_TM

  I have tried to use the facebook sdk in libgdx with callbacks, but it never enters the authetication listeners, so the user never is logged in, it permits the authorization for the facebook app but it never implements the authentication interfaces :( Is there a way to use it? public MyFbClass() { facebook = new Facebook(APPID); mAsyncRunner = new AsyncFacebookRunner(facebook); SessionStore.restore(facebook, this); FB.init(this, 0, facebook, this.permissions); } ///Method for init the permissions and my listener for authetication public void init(final Activity activity, final Facebook fb,final String[] permissions) { mActivity = activity; this.fb = fb; mPermissions = permissions; mHandler = new Handler(); async = new AsyncFacebookRunner(mFb); params = new Bundle(); SessionEvents.addAuthListener(auth); } ///I call the authetication process, I call it with a callback from libgdx public void facebookAction() { // TODO Auto-generated method stub fb.authenticate(); } ///It only allow the app permission, it doesnt register the events public void authenticate() { if (mFb.isSessionValid()) { SessionEvents.onLogoutBegin(); AsyncFacebookRunner asyncRunner = new AsyncFacebookRunner(mFb); asyncRunner.logout(getContext(), new LogoutRequestListener()); //SessionStore.save(this.mFb, getContext()); } else { mFb.authorize(mActivity, mPermissions,0 , new DialogListener()); } } public class SessionListener implements AuthListener, LogoutListener { @Override public void onAuthSucceed() { SessionStore.save(mFb, getContext()); } @Override public void onAuthFail(String error) { } @Override public void onLogoutBegin() { } @Override public void onLogoutFinish() { SessionStore.clear(getContext()); } } DialogListener() { @Override public void onComplete(Bundle values) { SessionEvents.onLoginSuccess(); } @Override public void onFacebookError(FacebookError error) { SessionEvents.onLoginError(error.getMessage()); } @Override public void onError(DialogError error) { SessionEvents.onLoginError(error.getMessage()); } @Override public void onCancel() { SessionEvents.onLoginError("Action Canceled"); } }

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• Where to start? (3D Modeling)

  - by herfus

  I'm looking for a good resource to start learning 3d modeling. I'm looking for something that starts with the basics (e.g. terminology; what are quads, triangles etc.) before/while going into the actual modeling. Book, website, video, anything will do. I'm only concerned with the quality of the tutorials, how thorough they are. I have experience with texturing, level design and so on - but I've never created anything more than simple shapes/editing existing assets.

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• Better way to load level content in XNA?

  - by user2002495

  Currently I loaded all my assets in XNA in the main Game class. What I want to achieve later is that I only load specific assets for specific levels (the game will consist of many levels). Here is how I load my main assets into the main class: protected override void LoadContent() { spriteBatch = new SpriteBatch(GraphicsDevice); plane = new Player(Content.Load<Texture2D>(@"Player/playerSprite"), 6, 8); plane.animation = "down"; plane.pos = new Vector2(400, 500); plane.fps = 15; Global.currentPos = plane.pos; lvl1 = new Level1(Content.Load<Texture2D>(@"Levels/bgLvl1"), Content.Load<Texture2D>(@"Levels/bgLvl1-other"), new Vector2(0, 0), new Vector2(0, -600)); CommonBullet.LoadContent(Content); CommonEnemyBullet.LoadContent(Content); } protected override void UnloadContent() { } protected override void Update(GameTime gameTime) { if (GamePad.GetState(PlayerIndex.One).Buttons.Back == ButtonState.Pressed) this.Exit(); plane.Update(gameTime); lvl1.Update(gameTime); foreach (CommonEnemy ce in cel) { if (ce.CollidesWith(plane)) { ce.hasSpawn = false; } foreach (CommonBullet b in plane.commonBulletList) { if (b.CollidesWith(ce)) { ce.hasSpawn = false; } } ce.Update(gameTime); } LoadCommonEnemy(); base.Update(gameTime); } private void LoadCommonEnemy() { int randY = rand.Next(-600, -10); int randX = rand.Next(0, 750); if (cel.Count < 3) { cel.Add(new CommonEnemy(Content.Load<Texture2D>(@"Enemy/Common/commonEnemySprite"), 7, 2, "left", randX, randY)); } for (int i = 0; i < cel.Count; i++) { if (!cel[i].hasSpawn) { cel.RemoveAt(i); i--; } } } protected override void Draw(GameTime gameTime) { GraphicsDevice.Clear(Color.Black); spriteBatch.Begin(); lvl1.Draw(spriteBatch); plane.Draw(spriteBatch); foreach (CommonEnemy ce in cel) { ce.Draw(spriteBatch); } spriteBatch.End(); base.Draw(gameTime); } I wish to load my players, enemies, all in Level1 class. However, when I move my player & enemy code into the Level1 class, the gameTime returns null. Here is my Level1 class: using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Audio; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Content; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Graphics; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Media; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Input; using SpaceShooter_Beta.Animation.PlayerCollection; using SpaceShooter_Beta.Animation.EnemyCollection.Common; namespace SpaceShooter_Beta.Levels { public class Level1 { public Texture2D bgTexture1, bgTexture2; public Vector2 bgPos1, bgPos2; public float speed = 5f; Player plane; public Level1(Texture2D texture1, Texture2D texture2, Vector2 pos1, Vector2 pos2) { this.bgTexture1 = texture1; this.bgTexture2 = texture2; this.bgPos1 = pos1; this.bgPos2 = pos2; } public void LoadContent(ContentManager cm) { plane = new Player(cm.Load<Texture2D>(@"Player/playerSprite"), 6, 8); plane.animation = "down"; plane.pos = new Vector2(400, 500); plane.fps = 15; Global.currentPos = plane.pos; } public void Draw(SpriteBatch sb) { sb.Draw(bgTexture1, bgPos1, Color.White); sb.Draw(bgTexture2, bgPos2, Color.White); plane.Draw(sb); } public void Update(GameTime gt) { bgPos1.Y += speed; bgPos2.Y += speed; if (bgPos1.Y >= 600) { bgPos1.Y = -600; } if (bgPos2.Y >= 600) { bgPos2.Y = -600; } plane.Update(gt); } } } Of course when I did this, I delete all my player's code in the main Game class. All of that works fine (no errors) except that the game cannot start. The debugger says that plane.Update(gt); in Level 1 class has null GameTime, same thing with the Draw method in the Level class. Please help, I appreciate for the time. [EDIT] I know that using switch in the main class can be a solution. But I prefer a cleaner solution than that, since using switch still means I need to load all the assets through the main class, the code will be A LOT later on for each levels

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• How do I set an event off when player is on certain tile?

  - by Tom Burman

  Here is the code I use to create and print my map to the canvas: var board = []; function loadMap(map) { if (map == 1) { return [ [2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2], [2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,2], [2,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,2], [2,0,0,3,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,2], [2,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,3,3,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,2], [2,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,3,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,3,3,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,2], [2,0,0,0,0,3,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,3,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,2], [2,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,2], [2,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,2], [2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,3,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,2], [2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,3,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,3,0,0,2], [2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,2], [2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,3,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,2], [2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,2], [2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,3,3,3,3,0,0,0,0,3,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,2], [2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,2], [2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,2], [2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,2], [2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,2], [2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,2], [2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,2], [2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,2], [2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,2], [2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,3,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,2], [2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,2], [2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,3,3,3,3,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,3,3,3,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,2], [2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,3,3,3,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,3,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,2], [2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,2], [2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,2], [2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,2], [2,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,2], [2,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,3,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,2], [2,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,3,3,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,2], [2,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,2], [2,0,0,0,0,3,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,2], [2,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,2], [2,0,0,0,0,0,3,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,2], [2,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,2], [2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,2], [2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,3,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,2], [2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,3,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,2], [2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,2], [2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,2], [2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,2], [2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,2], [2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,2], [2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,2], [2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,2], [2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,2], [2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2] ]; } } board = loadMap(1); enterfor (y = 0; y <= viewHeight; y++) { for (x = 0; x <= viewWidth; x++) { var theX = x * 32; var theY = y * 32; context.drawImage(mapTiles[board[y+viewY][x+viewX]], theX, theY, 32, 32); } } And here is the code I use for player movement: canvas.addEventListener('keydown', function(e) { console.log(e); var key = null; switch (e.which) { case 37: // Left if (playerX > 0) playerX--; break; case 38: // Up if (playerY > 0) playerY--; break; case 39: // Right if (playerX < worldWidth) playerX++; break; case 40: // Down if (playerY < worldHeight) playerY++; break; } viewX = playerX - Math.floor(0.5 * viewWidth); if (viewX < 0) viewX = 0; if (viewX+viewWidth > worldWidth) viewX = worldWidth - viewWidth; viewY = playerY - Math.floor(0.5 * viewHeight); if (viewY < 0) viewY = 0; if (viewY+viewHeight > worldHeight) viewY = worldHeight - viewHeight; }, false); What I am looking for is a method for when the player lands on tile 3 he loses health. I have tried to use this in the player movement but it doesnt seem to work e.g the left movement: case 37: // Left if (playerX > 0) playerX--; if(board[x2 - 1] == 3) { health--; playerX--; }

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