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  • Information about rendering, batches, the graphical card, performance etc. + XNA?

    - by Aidiakapi
    I know the title is a bit vague but it's hard to describe what I'm really looking for, but here goes. When it comes to CPU rendering, performance is mostly easy to estimate and straightforward, but when it comes to the GPU due to my lack of technical background information, I'm clueless. I'm using XNA so it'd be nice if theory could be related to that. So what I actually wanna know is, what happens when and where (CPU/GPU) when you do specific draw actions? What is a batch? What influence do effects, projections etc have? Is data persisted on the graphics card or is it transferred over every step? When there's talk about bandwidth, are you talking about a graphics card internal bandwidth, or the pipeline from CPU to GPU? Note: I'm not actually looking for information on how the drawing process happens, that's the GPU's business, I'm interested on all the overhead that precedes that. I'd like to understand what's going on when I do action X, to adapt my architectures and practices to that. Any articles (possibly with code examples), information, links, tutorials that give more insight in how to write better games are very much appreciated. Thanks :)

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  • Open Source Analysis

    - by BluFire
    There are a lot of code in open source projects, looking at all of the code is time consuming and can be confusing to a novice like me. Are there any sections of open-source projects that should be focused on? What should I focus on when I look at code? I'm asking this in general because if I ask this specifically, the question will only apply in one or two projects rather than an entire group of projects ranging in different types of games and difficulty.

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  • Possible to pass pygame data to memory map block?

    - by toozie21
    I am building a matrix out of addressable pixels and it will be run by a Pi (over the ethernet bus). The matrix will be 75 pixels wide and 20 pixels tall. As a side project, I thought it would be neat to run pong on it. I've seen some python based pong tutorials for Pi, but the problem is that they want to pass the data out to a screen via pygame.display function. I have access to pass pixel information using a memory map block, so is there anyway to do that with pygame instead of passing it out the video port? In case anyone is curious, this was the pong tutorial I was looking at: Pong Tutorial

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  • Adding a small slide when player releases left/right key

    - by Dave
    the aim is for the player object to slow down and stop instead of just stopping dead. The following codes works ok when the player is not jumping, but gets stuck in an object if the player is in the air when they do it. Left Key released event: if hsp = 0 exit; hspeed = -3; friction = 0.20; if obj_Player.hspeed = 0 { hspeed = 0; } Right key released event: if hsp = 0 exit; hspeed = +3; friction = 0.20; if obj_Player.hspeed = 0 { hspeed = 0; } and here's the horizontal collision code for interest: if (place_meeting(x+hsp,y,obj_bound)) { while(!place_meeting(x+sign(hsp),y,obj_bound)) { x += sign(hsp); } hsp = 0; } x += hsp; Any help would be much appreciated. Thanks.

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  • Direct3D - Zooming into Mouse Position

    - by roohan
    I'm trying to implement my camera class for a simulation. But I cant figure out how to zoom into my world based on the mouse position. I mean the object under the mouse cursor should remain at the same screen position. My zooming looks like this: VOID ZoomIn(D3DXMATRIX& WorldMatrix, FLOAT const& MouseX, FLOAT const& MouseY) { this->Position.z = this->Position.z * 0.9f; D3DXMatrixLookAtLH(&this->ViewMatrix, &this->Position, &this->Target, &this->UpDirection); } I passed the world matrix to the function because I had the idea to move my drawing origin according to the mouse position. But I cant find out how to calculate the offset in to move my drawing origin. Anyone got an idea how to calculate this? Thanks in advance. SOLVED Ok I solved my problem. Here is the code if anyone is interested: VOID CAMERA2D::ZoomIn(FLOAT const& MouseX, FLOAT const& MouseY) { // Get the setting of the current view port. D3DVIEWPORT9 ViewPort; this->Direct3DDevice->GetViewport(&ViewPort); // Convert the screen coordinates of the mouse to world space coordinates. D3DXVECTOR3 VectorOne; D3DXVECTOR3 VectorTwo; D3DXVec3Unproject(&VectorOne, &D3DXVECTOR3(MouseX, MouseY, 0.0f), &ViewPort, &this->ProjectionMatrix, &this->ViewMatrix, &WorldMatrix); D3DXVec3Unproject(&VectorTwo, &D3DXVECTOR3(MouseX, MouseY, 1.0f), &ViewPort, &this->ProjectionMatrix, &this->ViewMatrix, &WorldMatrix); // Calculate the resulting vector components. float WorldZ = 0.0f; float WorldX = ((WorldZ - VectorOne.z) * (VectorTwo.x - VectorOne.x)) / (VectorTwo.z - VectorOne.z) + VectorOne.x; float WorldY = ((WorldZ - VectorOne.z) * (VectorTwo.y - VectorOne.y)) / (VectorTwo.z - VectorOne.z) + VectorOne.y; // Move the camera into the screen. this->Position.z = this->Position.z * 0.9f; D3DXMatrixLookAtLH(&this->ViewMatrix, &this->Position, &this->Target, &this->UpDirection); // Calculate the world space vector again based on the new view matrix, D3DXVec3Unproject(&VectorOne, &D3DXVECTOR3(MouseX, MouseY, 0.0f), &ViewPort, &this->ProjectionMatrix, &this->ViewMatrix, &WorldMatrix); D3DXVec3Unproject(&VectorTwo, &D3DXVECTOR3(MouseX, MouseY, 1.0f), &ViewPort, &this->ProjectionMatrix, &this->ViewMatrix, &WorldMatrix); // Calculate the resulting vector components. float WorldZ2 = 0.0f; float WorldX2 = ((WorldZ2 - VectorOne.z) * (VectorTwo.x - VectorOne.x)) / (VectorTwo.z - VectorOne.z) + VectorOne.x; float WorldY2 = ((WorldZ2 - VectorOne.z) * (VectorTwo.y - VectorOne.y)) / (VectorTwo.z - VectorOne.z) + VectorOne.y; // Create a temporary translation matrix for calculating the origin offset. D3DXMATRIX TranslationMatrix; D3DXMatrixIdentity(&TranslationMatrix); // Calculate the origin offset. D3DXMatrixTranslation(&TranslationMatrix, WorldX2 - WorldX, WorldY2 - WorldY, 0.0f); // At the offset to the cameras world matrix. this->WorldMatrix = this->WorldMatrix * TranslationMatrix; } Maybe someone has even a better solution than mine.

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  • Grpahic hardwares

    - by Vanangamudi
    Which vendor provides better GPGPU. my requirements are confined to rendering utilising the GPU for BSDF building for e.g. Intel started providing Ivy Bridge chipset GPU, which are comparably fast to HD5960 cards. I'm not that against nvidia or amd. but I'm a fan of Intel. how it compares to nvidia in price and performance. if possible may I know, how all of them perform with OpenCL?? I'm not sure if it is right to ask it here. but I don't know where to ask.

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  • What is a good way to test demand for a new game platform?

    - by user15256
    I'm working on a game platform that turns your iPhone, android or iPad into a steering wheel, for racing games (like need for speed and dirt 3) and flight simulators for example. I'd love to figure out smart ways to figure out whether gamers would like something like this. I originally asked this question over on the gaming SE and it was for getflypad.com. A lot of the tech is built and most of it is doable - the question here is how to test demand and know whether gamers actually want this.

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  • correct pattern to handle a lot of entities in a game

    - by lezebulon
    In my game I usually have every NPC / items etc being derived from a base class "entity". Then they all basically have a virtual method called "update" that I would class for each entity in my game at every frame. I am assuming that this is a pattern that has a lot of downsides. What are some other ways to manage different "game objects" throughout the game? Are there other well-known patterns for this? My game is a RPG if that changes anything

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  • Premultiplying matrices with Perspective destroys them

    - by Shadows In Rain
    If I apply world_to_camera, perspective and camera_to_screen to my mesh, everything is okay. But if I premultiply given matrices (i.e. transform = world_to_camera * perpective * camera_to_screen) before applying, then it seems like only perspective has effect. If it is important... My 3d framework was written from scratch (test project for job interview). But it works flawlessly, or at least I think so. So, question. This is expected behaviour, or my implementation is wrong?

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  • How many textures can usually I bind at once?

    - by Avi
    I'm developing a game engine, and it's only going to work on modern (Shader model 4+) hardware. I figure that, by the time I'm done with it, that won't be such an unreasonable requirement. My question is: how many textures can I bind at once on a modern graphics card? 16 would be sufficient. Can I expect most modern graphics cards to support that amount? My GTX 460 appears to support 32, but I have no idea if that's representative of most modern video cards.

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  • GLES2.0 3D Android game performance and multi threading the update?

    - by Ofer
    I have profiled my mixed Java\C++ Android game and I got the following result: https://dl.dropbox.com/u/8025882/PompiDev/AndroidProfile.png As you can see, the pink think is a C++ functions that updates the game. It does things like updating the logic but it mostly it generates a "request list" for rendering. The thing is, I generate DrawLists on C++ and then send them to Java to process and draw using GLES2.0. Since then I was able to improve update from 9ms down to about 7ms, but I would like to ask if I would benefit from multi threading the update? As I understand from that diagram is that the function that takes the most time is the one you see it's color on the timeline. So the pink area is taken mostly by update. The other area has MainOpenGL.Handle as it's main contributor(whch is my java function), but since it's not drawn to the top of the diagram I can conclude other things are happening at the same time that use the CPU? Or even GPU stuff that isn't shown in this diagram. I am not sure how the GPU works on this. Does it calculate stuff in parallel to the CPU? Or is it part of the CPU usage as in SoC? I am not sure. Anyway, in case GPU things DO happen in parallel to CPU, then I would guess that if I do this C++ Update in parallel to the thread that makes the OpenGL calls, I might make use of "dead CPU time" due to GPU stalling or maybe have the GPU calls getting processed earlier because it won't have to wait for Update to finish? How do you suggest to improve performance based on that? Thanks.

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  • System hangs at glReadPixel call with GL_TEXTURE_2D_ARRAY for texturing

    - by Roshan
    I am calling glReadPixel after glDrawArray call. I am rendering a geometry with 3D texture on it as a target GL_TEXTURE_2D_ARRAY. My systems hangs at glreadpixel call. When i use target as GL_TEXTURE_3D the issue does not occurs and it correctly reads the framebuffer contents. glReadPixels(0, 0, GetViewportWidth(), GetViewportHeight(), GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, (GLvoid *)rendered_pixels); I am using SNORM textures with GL_byte data in glTeximage3D call and I am not calling glPixelStorei, is it because of this? What should be the parameter for pixelstore call?

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  • Where i must put .xnb files in mono game project using VS2010?

    - by user23899
    Hello there my problem was describe below In the "The Content Pipeline" paragraph http://blogs.msdn.com/b/bobfamiliar/archive/2012/08/07/windows-8-xna-and-monogame-part-3-code-migration-and-windows-8-feature-support.aspx#comments Author describe how fix it using VS2012 put xnb files to \AppX\Content folder but i use VS2010 and mono game templates for it and there is no folders like this so where i must put this asstes to run game correctly

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  • HTML5 Canvas A* Star Path finding

    - by Veyha
    I am trying to learn A* Star Path finding. Library I am using this - https://github.com/qiao/PathFinding.js But I am don't understand one thing how to do. I am need find path from player.x/player.y (player.x and player.y is both 0) to 10/10 This code return array of where I am need to move - var path = finder.findPath(player.x, player.y, 10, 10, grid); I am get array where I am need to move, but how to apply this array to my player.x and player.y? Array structure like - 0: 0 1: 0 length: 2, 0: 1 1: 0 length: 2, ... I am very sorry for my bad English language. Thanks.

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  • In what kind of variable type is the player position stored on a MMORPG such as WoW?

    - by jokoon
    I even heard J. Carmack quickly talk about it... How a software can track a player's position so accurately, being on a such huge world, without loading between zones, and on a multiplayer scale ? How is the data formatted when it passes through the netcode ? I can understand how vertices are stored into the graphic card's memory, but when it comes to synchronize the multiplayer, I can't imagine what is best.

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  • How many VBOs should I use and should I keep a copy of their data?

    - by CSharpie
    Firstofall, I am sorry if my question is to broad. I am developing a tile based game and switched from those gl.Begin calls to using VBOs. This is kind of working allready, I managed to render a hexagonal polygon with a simple shader applied. What I am not sure is, how to implement the "whole" tile concept. Concrete the questions are: Is it better to create 1 VBO for a single tile and render it n-Times in every different position, or render one huge VBO that represents the whole "world" Depending on the answer above, what is the best way to draw a "linegrid". Overlay with the same vbo using the respecting polygon.mode , or is there a way to let the shader to this? How would frustum-culling or mousepicking work then, do i need to keep the VBO-data in memory?

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  • Best way to calculate unit deaths in browser game combat?

    - by MikeCruz13
    My browser game's combat system is written and mechanically functioning well. It's written in PHP and uses a SQL database. I'm happy with the unit balance in relation to one another. I am, however, a little worried about how I'm calculating unit deaths when one player attacks another because the deaths seem to pile up a little fast for my taste. For this system, a battle doesn't just trigger, calculate winner, and end. Instead, it is allowed to go for several rounds (say one round every 15 mins.) until one side passes a threshold of being too strong for the other player and allows players to send reinforcements between rounds. Each round, units pair up and attack each other. Essentially what I do is calculate the damage: AP = Attack Points HP = Hit Points Units AP * Quantity * Random Factors * other factors (such as attrition) I take that and divide by the defending unit's HP to find the number of casualties of defending units. So, for example (simplified to take out some factors), if I have: 500 attackers with 50 AP vs 1000 defenders with 100 HP = 250 deaths. I wonder if that last step could be handled better to reduce the deaths piling up. Some ideas: I just change all the units with more HP? I make sure to set the Attacking unit's AP to be a max of the defender's HP to make sure they only kill 1 unit. (is that fair if I have less huge units vs many small units?) I spread the damage around more by including the defending unit's quantity more? i.e. in that scenario some are dead and some are 50% damage. (How would I track this every round?) Other better mathematical approaches?

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  • Circular class dependency

    - by shad0w
    Is it bad design to have 2 classes which need each other? I'm writing a small game in which I have a GameEngine class which has got a few GameState objects. To access several rendering methods, these GameState objects also need to know the GameEngine class - so it's a circular dependency. Would you call this bad design? I am just asking, because I am not quite sure and at this time I am still able to refactor these things.

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  • Implementing my Entity System. Questions about some problems I have found.

    - by Notbad
    Hi!, Well during this week I have deciding about implementation of my entity system. It is a big topic so it has been difficult to take one option from the whole. This has been my decision: 1) I don't have an entity class it is just an id. 2) I have systems that contain a list of components (the list is homegenous, I mean, RenderSystem will just have RenderComponents). 3) Compones will be just data. 4) There would be some kind of "entity prototypes" in a manager or something from we will create entity instances.Ideally they will define the type of components it has and initialization data. 5) Prototype code to create an entity (this is from the top of my head): int id=World::getInstance()->createEntity("entity template"); 6) This will notify all systems that a new entity has been created, and if the entity needs a component that the system handles it will add it to the entity. Ok, this are the ideas. Let's see if some can help with the problems: 1) The main problem is this templates that are sent to the systems in creation process to populate the entity with needed components. What would you use, an OR(ed) int?, a list of strings?. 2) How to do initialization for components when the entity has been created? How to store this in the template? I have thought about having a function in the template that is virtual and after entity is created an populated, gets the components and sets initialization values. 3) Don't you think this is a lot of work for just an entity creation?. Sorry for the long post, I have tried to expose my ideas and finding in order other could have a start beside exposing my problems. Thanks in advance, Notbad.

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  • Separating logic and data in browser game

    - by Tesserex
    I've been thinking this over for days and I'm still not sure what to do. I'm trying to refactor a combat system in PHP (...sorry.) Here's what exists so far: There are two (so far) types of entities that can participate in combat. Let's just call them players and NPCs. Their data is already written pretty well. When involved in combat, these entities are wrapped with another object in the DB called a Combatant, which gives them information about the particular fight. They can be involved in multiple combats at once. I'm trying to write the logic engine for combat by having combatants injected into it. I want to be able to mock everything for testing. In order to separate logic and data, I want to have two interfaces / base classes, one being ICombatantData and the other ICombatantLogic. The two implementers of data will be one for the real objects stored in the database, and the other for my mock objects. I'm now running into uncertainties with designing the logic side of things. I can have one implementer for each of players and NPCs, but then I have an issue. A combatant needs to be able to return the entity that it wraps. Should this getter method be part of logic or data? I feel strongly that it should be in data, because the logic part is used for executing combat, and won't be available if someone is just looking up information about an upcoming fight. But the data classes only separate mock from DB, not player from NPC. If I try having two child classes of the DB data implementer, one for each entity type, then how do I architect that while keeping my mocks in the loop? Do I need some third interface like IEntityProvider that I inject into the data classes? Also with some of the ideas I've been considering, I feel like I'll have to put checks in place to make sure you don't mismatch things, like making the logic for an NPC accidentally wrap the data for a player. Does that make any sense? Is that a situation that would even be possible if the architecture is correct, or would the right design prohibit that completely so I don't need to check for it? If someone could help me just layout a class diagram or something for this it would help me a lot. Thanks. edit Also useful to note, the mock data class doesn't really need the Entity, since I'll just be specifying all the parameters like combat stats directly instead. So maybe that will affect the correct design.

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  • XNA - Inconsistent accessibility: parameter type is less accessible than method

    - by DijkeMark
    I have a level class in which I make a new turret. I give the turret the level class as parameter. So far so good. Then in the Update function of the Turret I call a function Shoot(), which has that level parameter it got at the moment I created it. But from that moment it gives the following error: Inconsistent accessibility: parameter type 'Space_Game.Level' is less accessible than method 'Space_Game.GameObject.Shoot(Space_Game.Level, string)' All I know it has something to do with not thr right protection level or something like that. The level class: public Level(Game game, Viewport viewport) { _game = game; _viewport = viewport; _turret = new Turret(_game, "blue", this); _turret.SetPosition((_viewport.Width / 2).ToString(), (_viewport.Height / 2).ToString()); } The Turret Class: public Turret(Game game, String team, Level level) :base(game) { _team = team; _level = level; switch (_team) { case "blue": _texture = LoadResources._blue_turret.Texture; _rows = LoadResources._blue_turret.Rows; _columns = LoadResources._blue_turret.Columns; _maxFrameCounter = 10; break; default: break; } _frameCounter = 0; _currentFrame = 0; _currentFrameMultiplier = 1; } public override void Update() { base.Update(); SetRotation(); Shoot(_level, "turret"); } The Shoot Function (Which is in GameObject class. The Turret Class inherited the GameObject Class. (Am I saying that right?)): protected void Shoot(Level level, String type) { MouseState mouse = Mouse.GetState(); if (mouse.LeftButton == ButtonState.Pressed) { switch (_team) { case "blue": switch (type) { case "turret": TurretBullet _turretBullet = new TurretBullet(_game, _team); level.AddProjectile(_turretBullet); break; default: break; } break; default: break; } } } Thanks in Advance, Mark Dijkema

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  • Shared Object Not saving the level Progress

    - by user3536228
    I am making a flash game in which i have a variable levelState that describes the current level in which user has entered I am using SharedObject to save the progress but it does not do so first i declred a clas level variable private var levelState:Number = 1; private var mySaveData:SharedObject = SharedObject.getLocal("levelSave"); in the Main function i am checking if it is a first run of the game like below if (mySaveData.data.levelsComplete == null) { mySaveData.data.levelsComplete = 1; } and in a function where the winning condition is checked so that levelState could be increased i am usin this sharedobject to hold the value of levelState if (/*winniing condition*/) levelState++; mySaveData.data.levelsComplete = levelState; mySaveData.flush(); setNewLevel(levelState); } but when i play the game clear a level and again run the game it does not start from that level it starts from beginning.

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  • port opengl2.x to opengl 3.x

    - by user46759
    I'm trying to port opencloth example to OpenGL 3.x. I've mostly done it to the shaders but I'm not sure of this part : glEnableClientState(GL_VERTEX_ARRAY); glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vboID); glVertexPointer(4, GL_FLOAT, 0,0); glEnableClientState(GL_TEXTURE_COORD_ARRAY); glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vboTexID); glTexCoordPointer(2, GL_FLOAT,0, 0); glEnableClientState(GL_NORMAL_ARRAY); glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vboNormID); glNormalPointer(GL_FLOAT,sizeof(float)*4, 0); maybe glEnableVertexAttriArray somewhere ? any clue ? thanx edit : maybe something like that ? glEnableVertexAttribArray (2) ; // Ou glEnableVertexAttribArray (positionIndex) ; glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vboTexID); glVertexAttribPointer (2, 2, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 0, 0) ; glEnableVertexAttribArray (3) ; // Ou glEnableVertexAttribArray (positionIndex) ; glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vboNormID); glVertexAttribPointer (3, 4, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, sizeof (float) * 4, 0) ;

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  • Tunnels in pseudo 3D racing game

    - by Nicholas
    How would one go about doing tunnels in a pseudo 3D racing game ? The main problem I have at the moment is perspective - I cant think of a way, beyond having to Z sort the sprites and tunnel coordinates, so that vehicles are displayed in front of the tunnel entrance and somehow block the display when out of site. I would like my tunnels to be used on both flat, curved and hills and slopes. The tunnel enterance/exit is made up of 3 separate graphics, (left, right and top), whilst inside the tunnel it is just one line graphic along the top (the idea being its supposed to be a set distance above the current vertical road position). As you can see from the picture, the vehicles are still being rendered whilst in the tunnel. I've converted the Code Incomplete road system to GLBasic.

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  • How does a single programmer make a game?

    - by Mike
    I have always been a software developer, but lately I've been wanting to get into games. The only thing stopping me is the fact that I'm a programmer, not an artist. I've made some simple stuff, Tetris, 2D chess things like that but I can't do much art and that's really what holds me back. Now the problem is, I've yet to go to college so most commercial projects wouldn't accept me even to work for free and learn a bit especially with my lack of experience in games and any indie projects I've looked into really have an issue with responding to people interested, or actually completing (or starting really, most don't get past the ideas on paper) the project they want to do. I've looked around locally for artists, anyone who can do modeling, textures or animating or even anyone with some ability to make some more advanced 2D assets to get something like a side-scrolling RPG or something but haven't been able to find anyone. So how do you guys do it? Do I really just have to wait until I can go to college to see if I like working with games or is there some way I can get art (for free, anything I do is just going to be for fun so I don't want to have to sink money into it) and just start messing around on my own? Or am I just having bad luck and not looking in the right places for other people interested in having me help? I'm not looking for anything in particular, just something to fill some time with and see if I like making games. If not, well I'll go back to my software projects. I just have one more year of highschool and I'd like to try a few different areas before I go to college.

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